Census Profile, 2016 Census
Steinbach [Census agglomeration], Manitoba and Madawaska--Restigouche [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Steinbach Manitoba [Census agglomeration]			Madawaska--Restigouche New Brunswick [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Steinbach [Census agglomeration], Manitoba Map : Steinbach [Census agglomeration], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Madawaska--Restigouche [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	15,829	...	...	60,378	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	13,524	...	...	62,540	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	17.0	...	...	-3.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,305	...	...	29,362	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,024	...	...	27,037	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	618.6	...	...	5.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	25.59	...	...	11,700.98	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	15,830	7,595	8,235	60,380	29,515	30,865
0 to 14 years	3,465	1,770	1,695	7,620	3,895	3,730
0 to 4 years	1,345	665	675	2,220	1,160	1,060
5 to 9 years	1,165	630	535	2,650	1,340	1,315
10 to 14 years	960	475	485	2,750	1,395	1,355
15 to 64 years	9,815	4,775	5,040	38,625	19,155	19,465
15 to 19 years	980	465	515	2,865	1,450	1,420
20 to 24 years	1,230	620	615	2,760	1,420	1,340
25 to 29 years	1,190	590	600	2,605	1,315	1,290
30 to 34 years	1,160	575	585	2,840	1,385	1,460
35 to 39 years	1,005	480	530	3,155	1,560	1,600
40 to 44 years	940	460	480	3,450	1,710	1,745
45 to 49 years	855	410	445	3,960	1,920	2,035
50 to 54 years	910	435	475	5,440	2,675	2,770
55 to 59 years	800	390	410	6,070	3,030	3,040
60 to 64 years	740	350	390	5,475	2,700	2,770
65 years and over	2,545	1,050	1,495	14,135	6,465	7,670
65 to 69 years	670	285	385	4,970	2,465	2,505
70 to 74 years	535	245	300	3,400	1,660	1,745
75 to 79 years	460	205	260	2,360	1,065	1,300
80 to 84 years	405	160	250	1,785	735	1,050
85 years and over	475	160	310	1,620	540	1,075
85 to 89 years	265	95	170	1,030	355	670
90 to 94 years	155	45	110	485	160	325
95 to 99 years	50	20	30	90	20	65
100 years and over	5	0	5	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.9	23.3	20.6	12.6	13.2	12.1
15 to 64 years	62.0	62.9	61.2	64.0	64.9	63.1
65 years and over	16.1	13.8	18.2	23.4	21.9	24.9
85 years and over	3.0	2.1	3.8	2.7	1.8	3.5
Average age of the population	37.5	36.0	38.9	46.7	45.8	47.6
Median age of the population	34.6	33.1	35.9	50.9	50.2	51.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,025	...	...	27,040	...	...
Single-detached house	3,360	...	...	20,085	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	260	...	...	80	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,245	...	...	6,180	...	...
Semi-detached house	565	...	...	690	...	...
Row house	225	...	...	765	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	240	...	...	1,195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,205	...	...	3,305	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	230	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	165	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,025	...	...	27,040	...	...
1 person	1,525	...	...	8,450	...	...
2 persons	2,125	...	...	10,995	...	...
3 persons	830	...	...	3,875	...	...
4 persons	850	...	...	2,805	...	...
5 or more persons	695	...	...	915	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,535	...	...	58,175	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	12,365	5,825	6,535	52,755	25,625	27,135
Married or living common law	7,795	3,900	3,895	31,385	15,715	15,670
Married	7,210	3,615	3,600	22,430	11,240	11,190
Living common law	585	290	290	8,955	4,480	4,480
Not married and not living common law	4,570	1,925	2,645	21,375	9,905	11,470
Never married	3,015	1,515	1,495	12,505	6,790	5,715
Separated	300	115	185	1,840	845	995
Divorced	475	170	305	2,770	1,325	1,450
Widowed	780	125	655	4,255	945	3,310
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	4,340	...	...	18,215	...	...
2 persons	2,140	...	...	11,265	...	...
3 persons	790	...	...	3,725	...	...
4 persons	820	...	...	2,585	...	...
5 or more persons	580	...	...	645	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	4,340	...	...	18,215	...	...
Total couple families	3,820	...	...	15,365	...	...
Married couples	3,525	...	...	10,890	...	...
Common-law couples	290	...	...	4,475	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	515	...	...	2,850	...	...
Female parent	425	...	...	2,195	...	...
Male parent	85	...	...	650	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,815	...	...	15,370	...	...
Couples without children	1,845	...	...	9,365	...	...
Couples with children	1,980	...	...	5,995	...	...
1 child	650	...	...	2,990	...	...
2 children	760	...	...	2,415	...	...
3 or more children	565	...	...	600	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	520	...	...	2,850	...	...
1 child	295	...	...	1,895	...	...
2 children	145	...	...	740	...	...
3 or more children	80	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,435	1,025	1,415	10,740	5,110	5,630
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,020	...	...	27,040	...	...
One-census-family households	4,180	...	...	17,630	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,780	...	...	9,115	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,395	...	...	8,515	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	80	...	...	290	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,765	...	...	9,115	...	...
One-person households	1,525	...	...	8,450	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	240	...	...	670	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	15,595	7,510	8,090	59,000	28,870	30,135
English only	14,700	7,120	7,590	6,470	3,235	3,230
French only	5	5	0	19,360	9,295	10,060
English and French	680	290	395	33,140	16,320	16,820
Neither English nor French	205	95	105	35	15	15
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	15,595	7,505	8,090	59,000	28,870	30,135
English	15,120	7,290	7,835	10,775	5,225	5,555
French	270	125	150	47,860	23,460	24,400
English and French	5	5	5	330	165	165
Neither English nor French	200	95	105	35	20	20
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	275	125	150	48,025	23,545	24,480
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	1.7	1.9	81.4	81.6	81.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	15,600	7,510	8,090	59,000	28,870	30,135
Single responses	15,235	7,335	7,900	58,055	28,430	29,630
Official languages	10,015	4,865	5,150	57,565	28,165	29,400
English	9,720	4,720	5,000	10,230	4,965	5,265
French	295	140	155	47,335	23,200	24,130
Non-official languages	5,220	2,470	2,745	495	265	230
Aboriginal languages	15	5	10	25	15	15
Algonquian languages	15	5	15	15	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,210	2,470	2,740	470	255	215
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	30	10	115	70	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	25	15	105	65	40
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	20	15	5	105	65	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	20	15	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	825	415	415	25	10	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	45	20	25	0	0	0
Fijian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	745	375	370	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	5	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,180	1,940	2,240	210	115	95
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	375	180	195	25	20	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	375	185	190	25	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	5	0
Russian	240	125	110	5	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	110	45	70	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,565	1,645	1,920	40	25	20
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	45	20	25	15	10	10
Frisian	5	0	0	5	0	0
German	3,505	1,610	1,895	20	10	10
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	60	40	45	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	100	60	40	35	20	15
Bengali	5	0	5	5	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	5	5	0
Hindi	10	10	5	15	5	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	50	30	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	0	15	5	5
Iranian languages	0	5	0	5	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	50	75	95	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Spanish	95	35	60	30	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	10	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	5	35	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	5	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	20	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	10	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	15	30	15	10
Chinese languages	25	10	10	30	15	15
Cantonese	10	5	5	20	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	10	0	10
Lao	10	5	5	0	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	360	175	190	945	435	505
English and French	30	10	20	880	410	470
English and non-official language	325	160	165	30	10	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	15,595	7,510	8,090	59,000	28,870	30,135
Single responses	14,720	7,105	7,610	57,910	28,370	29,545
Official languages	12,870	6,190	6,680	57,690	28,245	29,445
English	12,795	6,155	6,635	11,300	5,530	5,775
French	70	30	40	46,390	22,720	23,675
Non-official languages	1,850	920	930	220	120	100
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,850	925	930	220	120	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	60	40	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	15	5	55	40	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5	60	35	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	20	10	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	20	10	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	475	245	230	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	445	230	215	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,270	615	655	90	50	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	75	80	15	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	75	80	15	10	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	5	0	0
Russian	130	70	60	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	5	10	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	980	475	505	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	955	465	490	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	60	35	30	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	60	30	25	20	10	15
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	15	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	5	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	30	45	55	30	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Spanish	65	25	40	15	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	5	5	0	5
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages	10	5	5	25	15	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	5	5	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	875	400	475	1,090	505	590
English and French	15	5	15	965	445	525
English and non-official language	855	390	465	60	30	35
French and non-official language	0	0	5	40	20	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	15,595	7,510	8,090	59,005	28,870	30,135
None	12,765	6,165	6,600	49,115	24,080	25,035
English	980	490	490	7,255	3,520	3,730
French	180	70	105	2,375	1,135	1,245
Non-official language	1,635	765	870	210	115	100
Aboriginal	5	0	5	40	20	20
Non-Aboriginal	1,630	765	865	170	90	80
English and French	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and non-official language	30	15	15	25	10	10
French and non-official language	5	0	5	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,080	5,720	6,360	50,560	24,705	25,855
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,580	5,500	6,085	49,000	24,035	24,965
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,800	39,976	23,680	28,777	35,076	23,593
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,585	5,495	6,085	49,010	24,035	24,980
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,948	34,893	22,091	26,400	31,230	22,322
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,545	5,230	5,315	40,940	20,950	19,990
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,156	37,747	20,437	25,727	31,166	21,314
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,715	3,680	5,035	38,335	17,570	20,760
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,032	1,804	6,400	8,997	10,091	8,079
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,780	4,610	4,165	32,810	17,185	15,620
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,151	38,393	24,011	27,323	32,192	23,347
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	12,075	5,720	6,360	50,490	24,670	25,820
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,610	5,545	6,070	48,930	24,040	24,885
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,342	48,991	30,534	35,334	41,290	29,578
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,615	5,540	6,075	48,945	24,050	24,895
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,313	40,607	26,658	30,426	34,940	26,066
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,600	5,270	5,330	40,985	20,985	20,000
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,043	47,051	27,154	33,285	38,718	27,584
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,750	3,695	5,060	38,180	17,495	20,680
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,339	6,390	8,032	9,548	10,307	8,907
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,780	4,680	4,100	32,790	17,355	15,435
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,619	45,279	28,872	33,909	37,949	29,368
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	12,080	5,720	6,365	50,490	24,670	25,820
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,235	2,640	1,595	14,425	7,615	6,810
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,420	47,261	37,489	42,222	47,274	36,974
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,790	58,764	42,909	48,600	54,209	42,326
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.2	91.5	78.3	78.5	81.5	74.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.7	78.2	64.3	64.4	66.4	61.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.8	8.5	21.7	21.5	18.5	25.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	12,080	5,720	6,360	50,560	24,700	25,855
Without total income	500	220	280	1,560	670	890
With total income	11,580	5,495	6,080	49,000	24,035	24,965
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.1	95.6	96.9	97.3	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,475	445	1,025	6,725	2,575	4,145
$10,000 to $19,999	2,215	700	1,515	9,890	3,645	6,245
$20,000 to $29,999	1,975	790	1,180	8,895	3,780	5,110
$30,000 to $39,999	1,665	820	850	7,705	4,105	3,600
$40,000 to $49,999	1,370	780	585	5,720	3,435	2,285
$50,000 to $59,999	865	560	305	3,325	2,160	1,170
$60,000 to $69,999	630	435	195	2,080	1,380	705
$70,000 to $79,999	390	255	130	1,775	955	815
$80,000 to $89,999	360	235	130	1,050	595	455
$90,000 to $99,999	180	120	55	505	360	145
$100,000 and over	465	360	105	1,335	1,050	285
$100,000 to $149,999	300	225	75	1,005	795	210
$150,000 and over	165	135	30	330	260	70
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	12,080	5,720	6,360	50,560	24,700	25,860
Without after-tax income	495	220	275	1,545	665	880
With after-tax income	11,585	5,500	6,085	49,015	24,035	24,980
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	96.2	95.7	96.9	97.3	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,515	450	1,065	6,915	2,605	4,315
$10,000 to $19,999	2,365	760	1,610	10,460	3,885	6,580
$20,000 to $29,999	2,370	990	1,380	10,780	4,885	5,895
$30,000 to $39,999	1,995	1,085	910	8,960	5,140	3,815
$40,000 to $49,999	1,255	760	495	5,140	3,210	1,930
$50,000 to $59,999	810	545	270	2,875	1,820	1,055
$60,000 to $69,999	545	355	190	1,915	1,020	895
$70,000 to $79,999	290	205	85	755	535	220
$80,000 and over	435	340	95	1,215	945	270
$80,000 to $89,999	160	115	45	435	330	100
$90,000 to $99,999	60	55	10	270	205	65
$100,000 and over	210	175	40	515	410	105
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	12,080	5,715	6,365	50,560	24,705	25,860
Without employment income	3,300	1,110	2,190	17,750	7,520	10,235
With employment income	8,780	4,610	4,170	32,810	17,185	15,620
Percentage with employment income	72.7	80.7	65.5	64.9	69.6	60.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,015	380	640	4,425	2,225	2,200
$5,000 to $9,999	690	260	425	3,000	1,185	1,820
$10,000 to $19,999	1,225	470	755	5,345	2,520	2,830
$20,000 to $29,999	1,295	570	720	4,935	2,200	2,735
$30,000 to $39,999	1,385	725	660	4,310	2,305	2,010
$40,000 to $49,999	950	590	355	3,535	2,080	1,455
$50,000 to $59,999	655	475	185	2,060	1,355	700
$60,000 to $69,999	475	345	125	1,525	1,000	520
$70,000 to $79,999	315	225	90	1,530	785	745
$80,000 and over	770	570	200	2,145	1,530	620
$80,000 to $89,999	290	190	100	790	480	315
$90,000 to $99,999	125	85	35	425	305	120
$100,000 and over	360	290	70	930	745	185
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,025	...	...	27,035	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,355	...	...	51,281	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,493	...	...	46,529	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,525	...	...	8,450	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,280	...	...	24,807	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,098	...	...	23,630	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,500	...	...	18,590	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,909	...	...	67,322	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,369	...	...	60,054	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,025	...	...	27,030	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,834	...	...	63,964	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,232	...	...	55,099	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,525	...	...	8,460	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,595	...	...	31,688	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,798	...	...	27,757	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,495	...	...	18,565	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,799	...	...	78,676	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,225	...	...	67,562	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,020	...	...	27,040	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	240	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	935	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	165	...	...	725	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	245	...	...	1,830	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	335	...	...	1,690	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	260	...	...	1,605	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	320	...	...	1,795	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	300	...	...	1,725	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	345	...	...	1,320	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	295	...	...	1,285	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	580	...	...	2,405	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	515	...	...	2,080	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	460	...	...	1,845	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	420	...	...	1,580	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	375	...	...	1,150	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,300	...	...	4,805	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	535	...	...	2,150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	295	...	...	1,265	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	280	...	...	975	...	...
$200,000 and over	185	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,025	...	...	27,035	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	255	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	940	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	170	...	...	740	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	255	...	...	1,915	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	375	...	...	1,915	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	305	...	...	1,850	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	360	...	...	2,040	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	395	...	...	1,815	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	375	...	...	1,595	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	360	...	...	1,500	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	670	...	...	2,745	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	595	...	...	2,405	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	520	...	...	1,865	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	425	...	...	1,425	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	270	...	...	1,080	...	...
$100,000 and over	850	...	...	2,950	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	420	...	...	1,725	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	210	...	...	705	...	...
$150,000 and over	225	...	...	520	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	4,350	...	...	18,145	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,167	...	...	67,337	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,619	...	...	60,023	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,755	...	...	8,925	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,304	...	...	60,092	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,906	...	...	53,926	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,970	...	...	6,110	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,412	...	...	93,915	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,739	...	...	81,726	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	485	...	...	2,660	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,117	...	...	41,070	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,472	...	...	39,424	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	4,365	...	...	18,145	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,148	...	...	78,547	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,508	...	...	67,391	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,755	...	...	8,910	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,593	...	...	69,687	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,276	...	...	59,860	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,985	...	...	6,100	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,803	...	...	105,019	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	84,853	...	...	88,757	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	485	...	...	2,650	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,571	...	...	50,148	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,746	...	...	45,318	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,040	825	1,215	9,725	4,680	5,040
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,576	33,067	25,870	24,602	29,632	22,128
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,160	29,205	24,480	23,424	26,540	21,560
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,035	765	1,275	9,690	4,565	5,125
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,484	42,826	34,270	31,304	34,967	28,042
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,406	35,880	30,316	27,470	29,911	25,298
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	15,535	7,485	8,050	58,170	28,590	29,580
In the bottom half of the distribution	10,230	4,805	5,425	37,135	17,685	19,450
In the bottom decile	1,500	675	825	6,635	2,990	3,645
In the second decile	2,380	1,015	1,365	8,630	3,775	4,855
In the third decile	2,330	1,120	1,205	7,660	3,740	3,915
In the fourth decile	2,130	1,060	1,075	7,330	3,655	3,680
In the fifth decile	1,885	935	950	6,875	3,525	3,350
In the top half of the distribution	5,305	2,675	2,630	21,040	10,905	10,130
In the sixth decile	1,505	755	750	6,190	3,165	3,020
In the seventh decile	1,260	635	625	5,510	2,885	2,630
In the eighth decile	1,065	520	540	4,495	2,315	2,175
In the ninth decile	840	430	410	3,065	1,585	1,480
In the top decile	635	335	305	1,780	955	825
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	15,540	7,485	8,055	57,545	28,305	29,235
0 to 17 years	4,010	2,025	1,980	9,175	4,665	4,505
0 to 5 years	1,585	800	785	2,685	1,425	1,260
18 to 64 years	9,180	4,465	4,715	35,900	17,725	18,170
65 years and over	2,345	990	1,355	12,470	5,905	6,560
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,655	1,145	1,515	11,180	4,925	6,250
0 to 17 years	950	485	465	2,140	1,090	1,055
0 to 5 years	455	220	235	760	400	360
18 to 64 years	1,285	545	745	5,870	2,615	3,255
65 years and over	425	115	305	3,165	1,225	1,945
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.1	15.3	18.8	19.4	17.4	21.4
0 to 17 years (%)	23.7	24.0	23.5	23.3	23.4	23.4
0 to 5 years (%)	28.7	27.5	29.9	28.3	28.1	28.6
18 to 64 years (%)	14.0	12.2	15.8	16.4	14.8	17.9
65 years and over (%)	18.1	11.6	22.5	25.4	20.7	29.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	940	420	525	3,590	1,735	1,855
0 to 17 years	285	140	145	640	315	325
0 to 5 years	130	60	70	250	130	120
18 to 64 years	610	265	350	2,745	1,350	1,400
65 years and over	40	15	30	205	70	130
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.0	5.6	6.5	6.2	6.1	6.3
0 to 17 years (%)	7.1	6.9	7.3	7.0	6.8	7.2
0 to 5 years (%)	8.2	7.5	8.9	9.3	9.1	9.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	5.9	7.4	7.6	7.6	7.7
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.5	2.2	1.6	1.2	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	15,540	7,485	8,055	58,075	28,575	29,505
Official languages	15,370	7,400	7,965	58,020	28,540	29,480
English	15,370	7,400	7,965	39,215	19,335	19,880
French	680	285	390	51,580	25,465	26,115
Non-official languages	6,035	2,850	3,190	1,220	610	610
Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	100	40	60
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	80	35	50
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	85	30	50
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	45
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,025	2,845	3,180	1,135	580	555
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	215	130	85
Berber languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	195	115	75
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	195	120	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	45	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	40	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,025	515	510	45	10	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	25	10	0	0	0
Fijian	30	20	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	10	10
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	955	470	485	20	0	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	0	20	35	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	15	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	20	15	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	15	10	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
Telugu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,765	2,225	2,540	585	295	290
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	475	250	230	30	25	10
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	475	245	230	30	25	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Russian	325	185	145	20	15	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	135	60	75	20	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	20	15	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,095	1,910	2,180	105	55	50
Afrikaans	25	20	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dutch	85	35	50	10	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,010	1,880	2,130	85	45	35
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	90	50	45	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	65	40	45	25	15
Indo-Aryan languages	100	65	40	45	25	15
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	45	35	15	0	0	0
Hindi	45	25	15	10	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	30	20	10
Iranian languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	475	230	245	435	205	225
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	0	35	20	15
Portuguese	30	20	15	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	60	25	40
Spanish	440	215	230	350	165	185
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	0	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	95	45	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	50	25	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	0	25	50	15	40
American Sign Language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	45	10	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	65	35	30
Chinese languages	45	25	20	65	35	30
Cantonese	10	0	0	45	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	25	15	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	20	15	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	10	10	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	15,535	7,485	8,055	58,080	28,570	29,505
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	13,660	6,530	7,130	57,080	28,115	28,960
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,610	1,795	1,815	9,175	4,710	4,465
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,055	4,735	5,315	47,905	23,410	24,490
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,875	950	925	1,000	455	545
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	15,540	7,480	8,055	58,080	28,575	29,505
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	12,160	5,810	6,355	56,225	27,735	28,495
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,185	1,570	1,610	1,640	725	915
Before 1981	570	270	300	785	320	470
1981 to 1990	230	105	125	120	35	85
1991 to 2000	280	145	130	145	75	75
2001 to 2010	1,215	590	620	295	155	140
2001 to 2005	485	215	270	140	70	75
2006 to 2010	720	375	350	155	90	65
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	895	460	435	290	140	150
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	190	100	90	215	115	95
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,185	1,575	1,610	1,645	720	915
Under 5 years	475	265	210	335	180	150
5 to 14 years	860	430	430	315	145	170
15 to 24 years	560	265	290	340	85	250
25 to 44 years	1,130	540	585	520	230	290
45 years and over	170	70	95	130	80	55
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,185	1,575	1,615	1,640	725	920
Americas	1,095	480	615	990	375	610
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	35	10	25
Jamaica	10	0	10	10	0	10
Mexico	320	145	175	10	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	150	40	110	900	335	565
Other places of birth in Americas	570	285	290	30	25	0
Europe	655	330	325	265	140	125
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	35	25	15
Germany	285	140	140	30	15	20
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	10	0	0
Italy	0	0	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	35	15	15	0	0	10
Poland	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	60	25	35
Russian Federation	115	70	45	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	15	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	60	60	80	45	30
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	20	40	15	20
Africa	110	65	45	200	110	90
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	20	0	15
Ethiopia	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	35	25	10
Nigeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	20	10	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	45	30	20	125	75	50
Asia	1,310	685	625	185	95	90
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	35	20	10	45	25	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	70	35	35	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	15	0	0
Philippines	940	485	455	20	0	20
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	45	25	25
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	20	20	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	200	100	95	10	10	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	895	460	435	290	140	150
Americas	90	35	55	85	30	55
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	20	0	20	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	10	75	30	45
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	25	20	0	0	0
Europe	105	65	40	65	35	35
France	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	45	30	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	45	20	25
Russian Federation	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10	10	10	0
Africa	20	15	10	65	40	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	10	0	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	20	0
Asia	670	345	325	70	40	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	535	270	265	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	10	10	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	50	30	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	15,535	7,485	8,055	58,080	28,575	29,505
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,575	1,800	1,775	2,015	905	1,105
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,525	1,235	1,285	2,435	1,235	1,200
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	9,440	4,445	4,995	53,630	26,430	27,205
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,670	1,320	1,350	880	415	465
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,910	1,035	875	375	170	200
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	585	415	170	165	120	50
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,330	615	710	205	55	150
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	595	210	385	440	200	235
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	155	70	85	70	35	30
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	0	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	15,540	7,485	8,055	58,080	28,575	29,505
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,055	485	570	3,030	1,540	1,490
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,040	485	555	2,900	1,475	1,425
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	440	210	230	1,485	700	785
Métis	595	275	325	1,395	760	640
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	45	25	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	0	90	40	45
Non-Aboriginal identity	14,480	7,000	7,485	55,045	27,030	28,015
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	15,540	7,485	8,055	58,080	28,570	29,505
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	345	180	165	1,310	625	680
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	15,190	7,305	7,885	56,770	27,945	28,825
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	15,540	7,485	8,055	58,075	28,575	29,505
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	265	130	135	1,355	695	660
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	265	130	135	1,310	665	640
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	185	85	100	925	450	475
Métis single ancestry	80	45	40	370	215	155
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	45	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	45	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	940	435	500	2,675	1,310	1,365
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	915	435	480	2,560	1,255	1,310
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	385	190	200	1,675	780	895
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	525	235	285	885	465	420
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	0	20	110	60	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	0	15	100	50	50
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	14,335	6,915	7,420	54,050	26,570	27,480
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	15,540	7,485	8,055	58,080	28,570	29,505
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,815	955	860	865	445	420
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	155	110	45	80	50	25
Chinese	70	30	35	70	35	40
Black	200	105	90	390	185	205
Filipino	1,025	490	535	25	0	20
Latin American	105	45	60	20	10	10
Arab	0	0	0	165	105	60
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	150	100	50	65	30	30
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	10	20	15	15	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	30	10	20	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	55	40	15	20	0	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	13,720	6,530	7,190	57,215	28,130	29,085
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	15,540	7,485	8,050	58,080	28,570	29,505
North American Aboriginal origins	1,200	570	635	4,030	2,010	2,025
First Nations (North American Indian)	595	280	315	2,750	1,310	1,435
Inuit	0	0	0	40	25	15
Métis	625	285	340	1,405	760	645
Other North American origins	4,345	2,045	2,300	45,570	22,370	23,200
Acadian	0	0	0	1,925	930	995
American	65	45	15	790	360	430
Canadian	4,295	2,005	2,285	44,180	21,730	22,450
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	30	20	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	150	70	75
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	0
European origins	11,205	5,285	5,915	21,425	10,440	10,985
British Isles origins	2,715	1,260	1,460	8,760	4,230	4,530
Channel Islander	0	0	0	35	15	25
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,555	665	890	3,970	1,865	2,100
Irish	1,030	455	570	4,015	1,895	2,120
Manx	0	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	1,030	480	550	2,935	1,445	1,495
Welsh	100	50	50	45	40	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	215	100	115	155	65	95
French origins	1,000	450	545	15,865	7,705	8,155
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	10	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,000	450	545	15,860	7,705	8,155
Western European origins (except French origins)	7,485	3,535	3,950	670	325	340
Austrian	100	50	40	25	10	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	105	65	45	25	0	15
Dutch	1,935	885	1,050	125	60	60
Flemish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,270	2,965	3,315	495	235	260
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	75	25	45	30	15	15
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	505	225	280	215	105	110
Danish	45	25	15	45	30	20
Finnish	30	10	20	20	15	0
Icelandic	110	65	50	0	0	0
Norwegian	120	50	75	90	45	45
Swedish	195	75	120	55	25	30
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	45	25	20	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	4,245	1,980	2,260	235	130	105
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	25	15	15	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	35	60	30	20	10
Latvian	30	10	20	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	615	260	350	70	35	30
Romanian	30	20	10	70	25	45
Russian	2,550	1,200	1,345	30	15	15
Slovak	35	10	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,525	725	800	60	50	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	330	140	185	530	270	255
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italian	150	50	105	435	240	200
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	15	25	10	20
Serbian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	130	65	65	50	25	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins	120	60	60	50	25	25
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	60	25	45	20	15	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	40	20	30	10	20
Caribbean origins	70	35	40	130	55	75
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	15	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	10	40	15	20
Jamaican	50	20	35	30	10	30
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	880	410	475	20	10	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	15	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	30	15	15	15	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	370	165	210	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	405	195	210	0	0	0
Peruvian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	25	0	20	10	0	0
African origins	175	95	80	400	215	185
Central and West African origins	50	25	25	115	60	55
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Liberian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	15	45	15	30
North African origins	35	20	20	125	75	50
Algerian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Berber	0	0	0	25	15	10
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	10	10	25	10	15
Libyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	55	45	15
Sudanese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	40	20	15	70	35	40
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oromo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	70	40	25	135	65	65
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	65	45	25	105	60	50
Asian origins	1,590	810	780	510	250	260
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	75	35	45	230	120	110
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	50	35	20
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	0	10	115	50	65
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	10	10	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	0	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	170	100	65	100	55	45
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	140	85	60	70	40	25
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	15	0	15	10	0
Punjabi	0	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,350	680	670	190	80	110
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	10	10	25	15	10
Chinese	145	65	85	100	45	55
Filipino	1,105	565	545	20	0	25
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	15	15	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Laotian	55	40	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	60	35	25	40	25	20
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	50	30	25	15	15	10
Australian	0	0	0	10	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	50	30	20	10	10	10
Fijian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	0	10	10	10	0
Samoan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,025	...	...	27,025	...	...
Owner	3,905	...	...	20,640	...	...
Renter	2,125	...	...	6,330	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,025	...	...	27,030	...	...
Condominium	710	...	...	1,145	...	...
Not condominium	5,315	...	...	25,880	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,025	...	...	27,030	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	565	...	...	2,825	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,020	...	...	8,075	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,660	...	...	10,400	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,760	...	...	5,700	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,025	...	...	27,030	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,810	...	...	5,860	...	...
5 rooms	1,000	...	...	5,805	...	...
6 rooms	810	...	...	4,920	...	...
7 rooms	720	...	...	3,805	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,685	...	...	6,635	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,025	...	...	27,025	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,880	...	...	26,940	...	...
More than 1 person per room	140	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,025	...	...	27,025	...	...
Suitable	5,775	...	...	26,560	...	...
Not suitable	250	...	...	470	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,025	...	...	27,025	...	...
1960 or before	510	...	...	8,235	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,360	...	...	8,990	...	...
1981 to 1990	825	...	...	4,150	...	...
1991 to 2000	770	...	...	3,175	...	...
2001 to 2005	655	...	...	925	...	...
2006 to 2010	865	...	...	895	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,025	...	...	655	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,025	...	...	27,025	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,795	...	...	24,770	...	...
Major repairs needed	230	...	...	2,255	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,025	...	...	27,025	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,595	...	...	18,020	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,305	...	...	8,825	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	125	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,025	...	...	27,030	...	...
15 to 24 years	360	...	...	635	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,170	...	...	2,535	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,045	...	...	3,575	...	...
45 to 54 years	985	...	...	5,255	...	...
55 to 64 years	890	...	...	6,565	...	...
65 to 74 years	735	...	...	5,210	...	...
75 to 84 years	540	...	...	2,525	...	...
85 years and over	300	...	...	720	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,015	...	...	26,635	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,650	...	...	22,405	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,365	...	...	4,230	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,270	...	...	3,860	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,900	...	...	20,405	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.7	...	...	50.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.6	...	...	10.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,079	...	...	606	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,093	...	...	742	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	259,500	...	...	100,213	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	275,499	...	...	124,255	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,125	...	...	6,280	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.3	...	...	19.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.5	...	...	33.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	867	...	...	549	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	910	...	...	571	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	12,080	5,720	6,360	50,495	24,670	25,820
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,375	1,635	1,735	14,560	7,670	6,890
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,835	1,885	1,960	13,050	6,125	6,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,870	2,195	2,670	22,885	10,880	12,005
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	830	460	370	6,125	3,990	2,140
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	430	195	235	3,605	2,040	1,565
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	395	265	130	2,520	1,955	570
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,900	785	1,115	9,745	4,195	5,550
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	110	175	1,040	355	680
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,855	845	1,015	5,980	2,340	3,635
Bachelor's degree	1,385	590	790	4,285	1,570	2,715
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	150	45	105	460	155	305
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	55	30	315	170	140
Master's degree	200	120	80	800	380	420
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	35	30	0	125	70	50
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	7,535	3,650	3,885	32,345	15,865	16,470
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,385	785	600	6,335	3,815	2,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,355	1,180	1,180	8,940	4,255	4,685
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,790	1,685	2,105	17,065	7,800	9,265
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	560	315	240	4,230	2,685	1,545
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	285	135	150	2,590	1,435	1,155
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	275	180	95	1,645	1,250	390
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,480	630	850	7,650	3,250	4,400
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	90	125	675	200	470
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,545	655	890	4,510	1,665	2,845
Bachelor's degree	1,175	470	700	3,220	1,135	2,085
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	110	25	80	360	120	235
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	80	45	35	265	135	130
Master's degree	160	95	65	565	220	345
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	20	15	10	100	55	50
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	12,075	5,720	6,360	50,490	24,670	25,820
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,210	3,520	3,695	27,605	13,790	13,815
Education	570	150	420	1,865	475	1,390
13. Education	570	145	415	1,865	480	1,390
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	30	60	270	115	150
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	30	15	10
50. Visual and performing arts	80	20	60	240	100	135
Humanities	455	260	195	480	205	280
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	65	20	45
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	10	30	10	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	10	10	180	60	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	60	35	30	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	335	200	130	55	35	15
54. History	10	0	10	75	50	30
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	55	20	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	320	95	225	1,375	335	1,040
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	10	10	45	20	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	100	0	95	645	45	600
22. Legal professions and studies	70	25	50	190	55	130
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	15	0	15
42. Psychology	30	10	20	230	80	155
45. Social sciences	90	50	45	245	120	120
Business, management and public administration	855	325	530	4,070	1,090	2,980
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	15	45	300	60	245
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	790	310	475	3,755	1,030	2,725
Physical and life sciences and technologies	85	45	40	275	140	135
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	30	20	110	35	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	15	70	40	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	0	0	50	45	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	20	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	130	70	60	500	295	205
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	60	40	385	260	125
25. Library science	15	0	20	85	0	80
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	25	25	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	800	740	60	5,785	5,655	140
04. Architecture and related services	10	15	0	20	20	10
14. Engineering	135	100	35	325	305	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	125	120	0	805	770	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	200	200	0	1,675	1,635	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	265	255	0	2,015	2,005	10
48. Precision production	55	50	10	950	920	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	235	155	75	735	605	125
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	215	145	75	230	155	70
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	505	450	55
Health and related fields	995	185	815	5,235	885	4,350
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	15	10	0	190	125	65
51. Health professions and related programs	960	150	800	4,955	700	4,255
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	15	0	90	60	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	340	150	190	2,295	1,085	1,210
12. Personal and culinary services	200	45	160	1,410	290	1,120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	55	40	20	395	315	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	70	0	485	480	10
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	7,535	3,650	3,885	32,340	15,870	16,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,745	1,960	1,780	15,275	8,070	7,210
Education	430	95	335	1,150	255	900
13. Education	435	100	335	1,150	255	895
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	75	25	50	215	95	125
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	20	10	10
50. Visual and performing arts	60	15	45	190	85	110
Humanities	290	170	115	315	125	185
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	40	20	15
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	10	25	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	20	0	10	110	30	80
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	20	20	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	210	135	80	25	15	10
54. History	0	0	10	60	35	25
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	40	10	30
Social and behavioural sciences and law	255	70	185	1,055	260	795
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	45	20	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	10	75	505	40	455
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	35	175	60	120
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	10	0	10
42. Psychology	20	10	15	180	60	120
45. Social sciences	70	30	40	150	80	70
Business, management and public administration	745	275	470	3,170	775	2,395
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	55	15	40	230	35	195
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	685	260	425	2,930	735	2,195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	35	30	190	80	105
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	25	20	85	30	55
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	10	35	15	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	40	30	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	25	0	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	110	55	50	420	245	175
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	60	30	350	235	115
25. Library science	15	0	15	65	0	65
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	600	550	50	4,170	4,045	125
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	25	15	10
14. Engineering	115	85	30	260	235	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	115	105	0	640	610	30
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	140	140	0	1,165	1,125	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	180	180	10	1,465	1,455	0
48. Precision production	40	35	0	620	590	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	140	70	595	485	110
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	200	125	75	180	115	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	420	370	50
Health and related fields	780	160	620	4,015	655	3,360
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	10	120	70	50
51. Health professions and related programs	750	135	610	3,815	535	3,280
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	15	15	0	80	55	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	245	115	130	1,770	795	980
12. Personal and culinary services	140	30	115	1,100	205	900
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	30	10	265	200	65
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	55	10	395	390	0
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	12,075	5,720	6,360	50,490	24,670	25,820
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,210	3,520	3,695	27,605	13,790	13,815
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,865	2,200	2,670	22,890	10,880	12,005
Location of study inside Canada	3,795	1,640	2,150	22,220	10,580	11,640
Same as province or territory of residence	3,190	1,350	1,840	18,220	8,655	9,565
Different than province or territory of residence	605	290	315	4,005	1,920	2,085
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,070	555	520	665	305	360
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	115	70	45	335	115	225
Philippines	550	260	290	15	0	15
India	35	30	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	20	20	35	30	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	15	15	0	10
France	0	0	0	55	30	25
Other	315	175	140	195	115	80
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	7,535	3,650	3,885	32,345	15,865	16,475
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,745	1,960	1,785	15,275	8,065	7,210
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,790	1,690	2,105	17,065	7,805	9,260
Location of study inside Canada	2,825	1,195	1,625	16,545	7,580	8,965
Same as province or territory of residence	2,375	980	1,395	13,580	6,210	7,375
Different than province or territory of residence	445	215	235	2,960	1,370	1,595
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	970	495	475	520	225	300
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	30	25	240	75	165
Philippines	530	250	280	15	0	10
India	35	25	10	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	40	20	15	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	15	15	10	15
France	0	0	0	55	25	25
Other	295	160	135	180	105	80
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	12,080	5,715	6,360	50,490	24,670	25,820
In the labour force	8,270	4,510	3,760	29,015	15,040	13,980
Employed	7,810	4,265	3,545	25,490	12,730	12,760
Unemployed	460	245	210	3,530	2,310	1,220
Not in the labour force	3,810	1,205	2,605	21,475	9,635	11,840
Participation rate	68.5	78.9	59.1	57.5	61.0	54.1
Employment rate	64.7	74.6	55.7	50.5	51.6	49.4
Unemployment rate	5.6	5.4	5.6	12.2	15.4	8.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	12,080	5,720	6,365	50,490	24,670	25,820
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,545	1,125	2,425	19,880	8,675	11,210
Worked	8,530	4,595	3,935	30,615	16,000	14,610
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,315	2,685	1,635	14,675	7,770	6,910
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,215	1,910	2,300	15,935	8,235	7,705
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	44.2	41.9	40.7	40.0	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	8,270	4,515	3,760	29,015	15,035	13,980
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	80	65	540	245	300
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	8,125	4,435	3,690	28,470	14,795	13,680
Employee	7,280	3,905	3,375	25,975	13,230	12,745
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	850	530	315	2,500	1,565	935
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	8,275	4,515	3,755	29,015	15,040	13,975
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	150	75	70	545	245	300
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	8,125	4,435	3,690	28,475	14,795	13,680
0 Management occupations	815	575	240	2,205	1,340	865
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,055	300	760	3,220	685	2,530
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	300	215	80	995	815	180
3 Health occupations	555	105	450	3,200	595	2,600
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	870	315	560	3,055	830	2,225
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	130	50	75	340	145	190
6 Sales and service occupations	1,755	695	1,070	6,830	2,675	4,155
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,615	1,510	100	5,000	4,760	245
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	355	270	80	1,215	1,020	195
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	680	400	275	2,415	1,930	490
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	8,270	4,515	3,755	29,015	15,040	13,975
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	145	80	65	540	245	295
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	8,125	4,435	3,690	28,475	14,795	13,680
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	470	370	100	1,620	1,320	305
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	15	0	105	100	0
22 Utilities	30	25	10	155	140	15
23 Construction	825	755	70	1,810	1,650	170
31-33 Manufacturing	1,160	765	400	4,040	3,265	775
41 Wholesale trade	215	165	50	455	345	110
44-45 Retail trade	885	425	460	3,605	1,690	1,910
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	685	550	135	1,205	975	225
51 Information and cultural industries	85	55	30	380	180	195
52 Finance and insurance	265	80	185	540	135	405
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	75	45	165	100	65
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	235	115	125	660	360	300
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	10	0	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	175	85	90	785	465	315
61 Educational services	555	180	375	1,820	480	1,340
62 Health care and social assistance	1,060	165	895	5,670	995	4,675
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	110	55	55	380	180	200
72 Accommodation and food services	545	160	380	1,895	640	1,255
81 Other services (except public administration)	445	255	195	1,320	640	680
91 Public administration	235	145	90	1,850	1,115	740
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	7,815	4,265	3,545	25,490	12,730	12,760
Worked at home	355	140	215	1,310	560	750
Worked outside Canada	50	35	15	125	75	50
No fixed workplace address	1,125	935	195	2,690	1,980	705
Worked at usual place	6,280	3,165	3,115	21,375	10,115	11,255
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,280	3,160	3,120	21,370	10,120	11,255
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,200	1,850	2,350	9,650	4,320	5,330
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,445	875	570	10,245	4,980	5,265
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	610	420	190	905	485	415
Commute to a different province or territory	25	25	10	575	325	250
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	7,405	4,100	3,310	24,060	12,100	11,960
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,135	3,480	2,655	21,445	10,775	10,675
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	620	305	315	1,195	510	680
Public transit	40	20	15	120	95	25
Walked	415	150	265	915	455	460
Bicycle	145	110	35	45	15	30
Other method	55	35	20	345	250	95
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	7,405	4,095	3,310	24,060	12,100	11,965
Less than 15 minutes	4,735	2,255	2,480	12,845	6,080	6,765
15 to 29 minutes	1,445	905	540	7,665	3,645	4,020
30 to 44 minutes	350	255	95	2,050	1,245	810
45 to 59 minutes	350	270	80	610	460	155
60 minutes and over	530	405	120	890	680	210
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	7,410	4,100	3,315	24,060	12,100	11,960
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	435	345	90	1,990	1,460	525
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,295	915	380	4,275	2,675	1,600
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,125	1,305	820	8,735	4,040	4,695
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,700	670	1,025	4,035	1,435	2,605
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	615	245	370	1,540	440	1,100
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,240	615	625	3,480	2,050	1,435
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	8,775	4,695	4,080	31,490	16,400	15,090
Single responses	8,675	4,655	4,025	28,405	14,905	13,500
Official languages	8,600	4,595	4,005	28,365	14,880	13,485
English	8,585	4,585	3,995	6,080	3,400	2,680
French	20	10	10	22,285	11,480	10,805
Non-official languages	80	65	20	35	20	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	65	20	40	20	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	70	55	15	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	40	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	45	30	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	95	40	60	3,085	1,500	1,585
English and French	40	20	25	3,060	1,485	1,575
English and non-official language	55	20	30	15	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	8,775	4,695	4,080	31,490	16,405	15,090
None	8,120	4,320	3,800	18,320	9,705	8,615
English	65	40	20	10,215	5,125	5,085
French	100	45	50	2,910	1,545	1,370
Non-official language	495	285	205	50	30	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	495	290	205	45	30	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	15,280	7,330	7,945	57,660	28,355	29,305
Non-movers	12,325	5,895	6,435	52,835	26,030	26,805
Movers	2,950	1,440	1,510	4,825	2,320	2,505
Non-migrants	1,620	810	810	2,715	1,265	1,450
Migrants	1,330	630	695	2,105	1,055	1,050
Internal migrants	1,125	530	600	1,980	990	995
Intraprovincial migrants	950	450	500	1,465	735	730
Interprovincial migrants	180	80	100	520	255	265
External migrants	205	105	100	125	70	55
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	14,195	6,825	7,365	55,890	27,410	28,480
Non-movers	6,285	2,950	3,335	42,660	21,155	21,505
Movers	7,910	3,875	4,035	13,235	6,255	6,975
Non-migrants	4,280	2,165	2,115	7,445	3,415	4,030
Migrants	3,630	1,715	1,915	5,790	2,840	2,945
Internal migrants	2,660	1,205	1,450	5,405	2,660	2,745
Intraprovincial migrants	2,225	1,025	1,200	3,850	1,900	1,955
Interprovincial migrants	430	185	250	1,550	760	790
External migrants	970	505	470	380	180	205

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Steinbach [Census agglomeration], Manitoba and Madawaska--Restigouche [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 25, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Steinbach [Census agglomeration], Manitoba and Madawaska--Restigouche [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Steinbach [Census agglomeration], Manitoba and Madawaska--Restigouche [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Steinbach [Census agglomeration], Manitoba and Madawaska--Restigouche [Federal electoral district], New Brunswick