Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brandon [Census agglomeration], Manitoba and Dugald, Unincorporated urban centre [Designated place], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brandon Manitoba [Census agglomeration]			Dugald, UUC Manitoba [Designated place]
	Data quality , Brandon [Census agglomeration], Manitoba Map : Brandon [Census agglomeration], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : Dugald, Unincorporated urban centre [Designated place], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	58,003	...	...	580	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	54,847 ^r	...	...	386	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.8	...	...	50.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	25,072	...	...	269	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	23,645	...	...	262	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	25.3	...	...	192.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,289.33	...	...	3.02	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	58,005	28,275	29,730	580	280	300
0 to 14 years	11,270	5,790	5,480	65	35	30
0 to 4 years	3,950	2,060	1,885	20	10	10
5 to 9 years	3,810	1,925	1,885	20	5	10
10 to 14 years	3,515	1,810	1,705	25	15	5
15 to 64 years	38,135	18,815	19,320	345	160	180
15 to 19 years	3,440	1,705	1,735	30	15	15
20 to 24 years	4,220	2,075	2,145	25	15	10
25 to 29 years	4,535	2,230	2,305	40	20	20
30 to 34 years	4,425	2,230	2,195	25	15	15
35 to 39 years	4,160	2,040	2,115	20	10	15
40 to 44 years	3,815	1,940	1,875	30	10	20
45 to 49 years	3,265	1,635	1,630	25	15	15
50 to 54 years	3,640	1,735	1,905	45	20	25
55 to 59 years	3,555	1,710	1,840	50	20	25
60 to 64 years	3,075	1,510	1,575	50	25	30
65 years and over	8,595	3,675	4,925	170	85	85
65 to 69 years	2,675	1,235	1,445	50	20	25
70 to 74 years	1,865	835	1,035	45	25	20
75 to 79 years	1,475	655	815	50	25	20
80 to 84 years	1,120	475	645	20	15	10
85 years and over	1,465	480	985	10	0	10
85 to 89 years	845	315	535	10	0	5
90 to 94 years	440	120	315	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	155	45	120	0	0	0
100 years and over	25	5	25	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.4	20.5	18.4	11.2	12.5	10.0
15 to 64 years	65.7	66.5	65.0	59.5	57.1	60.0
65 years and over	14.8	13.0	16.6	29.3	30.4	28.3
85 years and over	2.5	1.7	3.3	1.7	0.0	3.3
Average age of the population	38.3	37.1	39.4	48.2	47.3	49.0
Median age of the population	36.3	35.2	37.3	52.6	51.4	54.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	23,645	...	...	265	...	...
Single-detached house	13,330	...	...	185	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	695	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,070	...	...	75	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,095	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	1,685	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	610	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,635	...	...	55	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,545	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
1 person	6,855	...	...	65	...	...
2 persons	8,380	...	...	130	...	...
3 persons	3,545	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	3,080	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	1,785	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	56,420	...	...	580	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	46,730	22,485	24,245	515	245	270
Married or living common law	27,180	13,635	13,550	370	185	190
Married	22,315	11,190	11,130	325	160	165
Living common law	4,865	2,440	2,425	45	25	20
Not married and not living common law	19,545	8,855	10,700	145	60	85
Never married	12,960	6,815	6,140	90	50	40
Separated	1,110	500	615	10	5	5
Divorced	2,735	1,030	1,705	10	0	10
Widowed	2,745	505	2,240	35	5	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	15,785	...	...	195	...	...
2 persons	8,165	...	...	130	...	...
3 persons	3,275	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	2,990	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	1,365	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	15,790	...	...	195	...	...
Total couple families	13,235	...	...	185	...	...
Married couples	10,805	...	...	165	...	...
Common-law couples	2,435	...	...	20	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,555	...	...	10	...	...
Female parent	2,060	...	...	10	...	...
Male parent	495	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	13,235	...	...	185	...	...
Couples without children	6,665	...	...	120	...	...
Couples with children	6,570	...	...	60	...	...
1 child	2,590	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	2,740	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	1,245	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,555	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	1,495	...	...	5	...	...
2 children	685	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	370	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,960	5,330	5,630	85	30	55
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
One-census-family households	15,155	...	...	185	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,440	...	...	120	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	8,715	...	...	65	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	315	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	8,175	...	...	70	...	...
One-person households	6,855	...	...	65	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,320	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	57,060	27,910	29,150	580	280	300
English only	52,605	25,800	26,805	530	260	270
French only	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and French	3,220	1,505	1,715	50	20	25
Neither English nor French	1,195	580	615	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	57,060	27,905	29,155	580	280	300
English	54,925	26,845	28,080	560	270	285
French	855	450	410	20	10	10
English and French	135	65	65	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,150	550	600	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	925	480	440	20	5	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.6	1.7	1.5	3.4	1.8	3.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	57,065	27,905	29,150	580	280	300
Single responses	56,300	27,525	28,775	575	280	295
Official languages	47,370	23,050	24,315	540	255	285
English	46,460	22,590	23,870	525	245	275
French	905	460	450	20	10	10
Non-official languages	8,930	4,475	4,460	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages	250	95	150	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	185	70	115	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	90	35	60	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	60	20	35	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	95	40	55	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	80	30	50	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	5	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Dakota	50	20	30	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,685	4,375	4,305	35	25	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	410	230	180	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bilen	20	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	370	210	165	0	0	0
Amharic	220	120	105	0	0	0
Arabic	95	60	40	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	50	30	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	20	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	395	190	205	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	330	155	170	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	95	50	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	80	35	40	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	40	30	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	25	20	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,695	2,875	2,820	35	25	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,030	485	545	15	15	5
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,025	480	545	15	15	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	40	65	0	0	0
Russian	215	105	105	0	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	665	320	345	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,320	650	670	15	10	5
Afrikaans	110	55	55	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	90	40	50	0	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,075	530	545	10	10	0
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	20	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,030	570	460	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	995	550	440	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	585	325	260	0	0	0
Hindi	60	35	25	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	200	110	95	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	105	50	55	0	0	0
Iranian languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,280	1,145	1,130	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	2,190	1,105	1,085	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	165	80	85	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	140	75	65	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	100	50	50	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,570	785	780	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,570	790	780	0	0	0
Cantonese	350	175	175	0	0	0
Hakka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,140	580	565	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	765	385	375	0	0	5
English and French	105	60	45	5	5	5
English and non-official language	590	285	305	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	20	15	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	57,065	27,905	29,155	580	280	300
Single responses	55,580	27,185	28,395	575	280	295
Official languages	49,760	24,225	25,540	565	270	295
English	49,420	24,035	25,390	570	275	295
French	340	185	150	0	0	0
Non-official languages	5,820	2,960	2,860	5	5	5
Aboriginal languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	5	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	10	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,780	2,940	2,840	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	295	150	140	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bilen	20	15	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	270	140	130	0	0	0
Amharic	165	85	80	0	0	0
Arabic	60	30	30	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	35	15	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	10	25	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	195	100	90	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	160	85	75	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	85	35	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	65	25	40	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,495	1,780	1,710	10	5	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	430	220	205	5	0	5
Baltic languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	425	225	200	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	145	65	75	0	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	260	140	115	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	500	245	250	0	0	0
Afrikaans	60	30	30	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	430	215	215	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	765	415	355	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	750	410	340	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	475	260	210	0	0	0
Hindi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	75	70	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	85	40	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,785	885	900	5	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,775	880	895	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	130	65	65	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	15	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,410	725	685	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,410	725	685	0	0	0
Cantonese	310	155	150	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,040	530	500	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	30	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,480	720	755	0	0	0
English and French	65	35	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,370	665	705	5	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	40	20	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	57,060	27,905	29,155	575	280	300
None	51,970	25,390	26,580	565	275	285
English	2,530	1,305	1,230	0	0	0
French	565	245	325	15	5	10
Non-official language	1,900	920	980	5	0	0
Aboriginal	210	75	135	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,690	845	845	5	0	0
English and French	25	15	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	50	30	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	45,260	21,910	23,350	515	245	270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	43,705	21,160	22,550	490	235	255
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,709	45,585	31,133	40,896	51,968	34,347
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	43,715	21,160	22,555	495	235	260
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,897	38,904	27,813	35,776	44,971	29,589
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,735	20,130	20,605	485	230	255
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,165	43,548	27,332	33,152	45,824	25,984
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,040	13,870	18,175	370	155	215
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,015	1,486	5,165	9,408	12,192	7,728
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,910	17,830	17,080	325	165	160
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,729	43,473	28,589	37,632	51,072	32,096
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	45,260	21,910	23,355	515	250	265
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	43,685	21,155	22,530	495	240	255
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,687	54,542	37,373	46,666	56,016	37,990
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	43,705	21,160	22,545	495	235	255
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,111	43,131	31,461	38,054	45,650	31,004
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,695	20,165	20,535	490	235	250
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,667	53,039	34,464	40,211	50,012	31,001
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,010	13,890	18,115	360	155	200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,835	6,070	7,422	9,722	9,776	9,679
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,915	17,815	17,100	325	155	170
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,097	51,764	34,066	40,998	51,746	31,363
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	45,260	21,910	23,355	515	245	270
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,380	9,965	7,410	120	65	50
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,592	56,543	43,408	67,785	76,932	52,937
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,773	65,769	49,368	73,095	83,788	59,379
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.0	92.7	83.9	86.3	88.2	81.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	75.5	79.8	69.6	63.3	64.5	62.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.0	7.3	16.1	14.5	11.3	18.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	45,260	21,910	23,350	515	245	270
Without total income	1,550	750	805	25	10	10
With total income	43,710	21,160	22,545	495	235	260
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.6	96.6	96.1	95.9	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,860	1,965	2,900	30	10	20
$10,000 to $19,999	6,385	2,280	4,105	65	20	45
$20,000 to $29,999	6,120	2,235	3,885	80	30	45
$30,000 to $39,999	5,945	2,570	3,370	70	20	55
$40,000 to $49,999	5,660	2,775	2,885	70	35	40
$50,000 to $59,999	3,995	2,290	1,710	50	25	25
$60,000 to $69,999	3,180	2,050	1,130	30	25	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,235	1,415	825	30	25	10
$80,000 to $89,999	1,720	1,020	695	30	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,060	680	380	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	2,550	1,875	675	25	15	5
$100,000 to $149,999	1,835	1,330	505	20	15	5
$150,000 and over	715	540	170	5	5	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	45,260	21,905	23,350	515	245	270
Without after-tax income	1,540	745	800	20	10	15
With after-tax income	43,720	21,165	22,555	490	235	260
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.6	96.6	95.1	95.9	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,070	2,005	3,065	35	10	25
$10,000 to $19,999	6,980	2,525	4,455	70	25	45
$20,000 to $29,999	7,580	2,895	4,685	95	30	65
$30,000 to $39,999	7,700	3,575	4,130	85	30	60
$40,000 to $49,999	5,915	3,350	2,555	65	35	30
$50,000 to $59,999	4,115	2,635	1,480	55	40	15
$60,000 to $69,999	2,725	1,640	1,085	45	30	15
$70,000 to $79,999	1,480	935	550	20	15	5
$80,000 and over	2,160	1,600	550	20	15	5
$80,000 to $89,999	800	570	225	10	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	450	340	110	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	910	690	220	5	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	45,260	21,910	23,350	515	245	270
Without employment income	10,350	4,080	6,270	190	85	105
With employment income	34,910	17,830	17,085	325	165	165
Percentage with employment income	77.1	81.4	73.2	63.1	67.3	61.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,815	1,670	2,145	50	25	25
$5,000 to $9,999	2,570	980	1,590	10	5	5
$10,000 to $19,999	4,375	1,730	2,645	40	10	25
$20,000 to $29,999	4,190	1,720	2,470	30	15	15
$30,000 to $39,999	4,545	2,095	2,450	40	5	35
$40,000 to $49,999	4,065	2,125	1,940	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	2,855	1,720	1,130	30	15	15
$60,000 to $69,999	2,460	1,675	785	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	1,790	1,165	630	20	20	5
$80,000 and over	4,240	2,955	1,290	55	40	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,430	865	565	25	15	10
$90,000 to $99,999	855	565	295	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	1,955	1,525	430	25	20	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,656	...	...	77,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,625	...	...	62,976	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	6,855	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,327	...	...	37,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,427	...	...	33,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	16,790	...	...	200	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,813	...	...	88,832	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,775	...	...	75,392	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	84,408	...	...	90,061	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,593	...	...	73,439	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	6,825	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,634	...	...	53,099	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,228	...	...	43,029	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	16,825	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,129	...	...	102,719	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,311	...	...	83,853	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
Under $5,000	265	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	330	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	570	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	815	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	980	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	920	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	985	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,090	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,070	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,080	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,860	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,940	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,695	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,645	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,420	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,980	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,680	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,745	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,675	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	875	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
Under $5,000	285	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	335	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	590	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	875	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,150	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,110	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,290	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,325	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,295	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,235	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,420	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,235	...	...	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,000	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,640	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,375	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,480	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,285	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,190	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,010	...	...	15	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	15,815	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,377	...	...	89,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,310	...	...	75,648	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,350	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,227	...	...	78,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,101	...	...	66,304	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	6,600	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,456	...	...	130,304	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,032	...	...	107,776	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,405	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,600	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,485	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	15,865	...	...	185	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,827	...	...	103,428	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,863	...	...	84,349	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,350	...	...	105	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	99,330	...	...	82,064	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,283	...	...	68,014	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	6,625	...	...	80	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,567	...	...	132,562	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,642	...	...	106,773	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,400	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,747	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,069	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,735	4,745	4,980	70	30	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,944	39,381	31,258	37,760	57,600	35,712
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,696	33,755	27,972	35,136	49,024	31,808
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,650	4,685	4,965	75	15	60
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	42,736	48,489	37,304	51,125	0	48,295
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,157	38,647	31,863	41,666	0	39,588
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	56,420	27,650	28,775	580	280	295
In the bottom half of the distribution	30,515	14,330	16,185	245	100	140
In the bottom decile	5,730	2,590	3,145	20	10	10
In the second decile	5,560	2,370	3,190	35	15	20
In the third decile	6,200	2,965	3,240	50	20	30
In the fourth decile	6,445	3,120	3,320	80	35	45
In the fifth decile	6,575	3,285	3,295	60	25	30
In the top half of the distribution	25,910	13,320	12,590	335	180	155
In the sixth decile	6,320	3,245	3,075	80	45	40
In the seventh decile	6,140	3,235	2,900	70	40	30
In the eighth decile	5,435	2,740	2,695	80	40	35
In the ninth decile	4,835	2,470	2,365	65	35	30
In the top decile	3,185	1,635	1,555	40	20	20
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	56,420	27,645	28,775	580	280	300
0 to 17 years	13,140	6,710	6,425	90	45	40
0 to 5 years	4,645	2,430	2,215	25	15	15
18 to 64 years	35,680	17,580	18,105	320	150	165
65 years and over	7,600	3,360	4,240	175	85	90
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,125	3,595	4,530	40	20	25
0 to 17 years	2,770	1,365	1,410	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	1,075	535	545	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,450	1,945	2,505	25	10	15
65 years and over	900	285	615	10	0	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.4	13.0	15.7	6.9	7.1	8.3
0 to 17 years (%)	21.1	20.3	21.9	11.1	11.1	12.5
0 to 5 years (%)	23.1	22.0	24.6	20.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.5	11.1	13.8	7.8	6.7	9.1
65 years and over (%)	11.8	8.5	14.5	5.7	0.0	5.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,515	2,075	2,440	10	0	5
0 to 17 years	1,385	695	690	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	570	280	285	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,980	1,315	1,660	5	0	5
65 years and over	150	65	85	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.0	7.5	8.5	1.7	0.0	1.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.5	10.4	10.7	5.6	11.1	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.3	11.5	12.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.4	7.5	9.2	1.6	0.0	3.0
65 years and over (%)	2.0	1.9	2.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	56,420	27,645	28,775	595	295	300
Official languages	55,225	27,050	28,170	595	290	305
English	55,180	27,020	28,155	595	290	300
French	3,305	1,585	1,710	20	10	15
Non-official languages	10,270	5,075	5,195	35	20	15
Aboriginal languages	450	180	275	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	330	120	210	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	175	60	115	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	50	20	25	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	105	30	70	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	160	65	95	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	150	70	85	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15	0	15	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	30	20	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	90	30	60	0	0	0
Dakota	90	35	60	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,825	4,895	4,925	35	15	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	490	290	200	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Bilen	45	25	20	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	445	260	185	0	0	0
Amharic	275	170	105	0	0	0
Arabic	160	80	80	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	15	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	60	35	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	50	25	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	505	235	270	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	10	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	15	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	470	220	250	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	185	90	100	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	145	65	75	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	115	85	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	60	45	15	0	0	0
Tamil	40	25	15	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,395	3,170	3,225	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,105	490	610	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,100	495	610	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Russian	365	170	195	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	775	340	435	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,205	590	615	20	10	10
Afrikaans	170	65	105	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	155	75	90	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	865	445	420	15	10	0
Icelandic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,255	690	565	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,235	675	555	0	0	0
Bengali	35	25	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	650	355	300	0	0	0
Hindi	635	350	285	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	20	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	235	130	105	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	155	65	90	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	20	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,860	1,410	1,445	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	30	25	0	0	0
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	2,740	1,360	1,385	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	0	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	55	55	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	260	155	105	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	35	20	15	0	0	0
Igbo	15	15	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	35	20	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	135	80	65	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	35	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	100	25	75	0	0	0
American Sign Language	55	10	50	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	20	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,745	870	875	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,745	870	875	0	0	0
Cantonese	345	170	175	0	0	0
Hakka	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,370	685	685	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	135	70	60	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	56,420	27,645	28,775	595	290	300
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	50,915	24,910	26,005	585	280	300
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,080	6,180	5,895	95	50	45
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	38,835	18,730	20,110	490	235	255
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	5,510	2,735	2,770	15	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	56,420	27,650	28,775	595	290	300
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	47,960	23,365	24,600	560	270	285
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	7,930	4,010	3,915	35	20	15
Before 1981	935	440	495	25	15	10
1981 to 1990	275	160	115	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	420	210	210	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	3,660	1,930	1,735	10	10	0
2001 to 2005	570	330	240	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	3,090	1,600	1,490	0	10	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,640	1,275	1,365	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	535	275	260	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	7,925	4,015	3,915	35	20	15
Under 5 years	700	365	335	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	1,540	785	760	10	0	10
15 to 24 years	1,375	665	710	10	10	0
25 to 44 years	3,875	1,975	1,905	10	0	10
45 years and over	440	225	210	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	7,930	4,015	3,915	35	20	15
Americas	2,395	1,170	1,225	15	10	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	415	230	185	0	0	0
El Salvador	905	480	430	0	0	0
Guyana	15	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	15	10	0	10	0
Mexico	85	35	50	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	20	15	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	270	115	160	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	635	280	360	0	0	0
Europe	1,570	780	790	15	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	10	10	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	0	0	0
Germany	270	175	100	0	0	0
Greece	20	15	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Italy	35	10	30	0	0	0
Netherlands	120	60	65	0	0	0
Poland	70	30	40	0	0	0
Portugal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	50	25	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	355	165	185	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	465	225	240	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	95	50	50	0	0	0
Africa	880	495	390	10	0	0
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	180	115	70	0	0	0
Kenya	15	15	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	140	75	65	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	135	55	80	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	380	215	160	10	0	10
Asia	3,065	1,565	1,500	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	1,335	670	665	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	0	0	0	0
India	865	480	390	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	95	45	45	0	0	0
Philippines	465	215	250	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	135	65	70	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,645	1,280	1,370	0	0	10
Americas	725	305	420	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	75	35	40	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	15	0	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	580	240	335	0	0	0
Europe	200	80	115	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	15	10	15	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	100	50	50	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	25	10	15	0	0	0
Africa	390	220	175	10	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	65	35	25	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	115	65	45	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	65	35	30	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	60	50	0	0	0
Asia	1,325	670	650	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	385	205	185	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	575	320	250	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	30	0	25	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	250	105	145	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	56,420	27,645	28,770	590	295	300
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	8,745	4,440	4,310	35	20	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	6,595	3,210	3,380	105	40	70
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	41,085	19,995	21,090	455	235	215
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	7,050	3,595	3,450	15	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,710	2,935	2,775	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,120	1,550	570	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,590	1,380	2,205	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	975	445	530	10	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	355	225	125	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	56,420	27,650	28,775	595	295	305
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	7,015	3,225	3,790	55	30	25
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,905	3,180	3,730	60	35	25
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,860	1,675	2,180	15	0	10
Métis	3,020	1,490	1,535	40	30	15
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	0	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	49,405	24,420	24,985	535	260	275
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	56,420	27,645	28,775	595	290	300
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	3,715	1,640	2,075	15	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	52,705	26,005	26,700	580	295	285
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	56,420	27,645	28,775	595	290	300
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,700	1,220	1,480	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,580	1,175	1,400	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,045	925	1,120	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	525	250	275	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	120	45	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	120	45	75	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,380	2,060	2,325	55	30	25
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,085	1,945	2,135	50	30	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,820	820	1,005	30	10	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,235	1,105	1,130	25	20	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	25	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	300	110	185	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	300	115	185	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	49,345	24,370	24,975	535	260	280
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	56,420	27,645	28,775	590	295	300
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	7,940	4,105	3,830	30	15	15
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,430	785	640	0	0	0
Chinese	1,835	905	935	0	0	0
Black	1,060	600	455	15	0	0
Filipino	535	245	290	15	0	10
Latin American	2,395	1,200	1,200	0	0	0
Arab	120	65	55	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	100	50	55	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Korean	150	80	65	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	65	30	40	10	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	170	105	65	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	48,480	23,540	24,945	560	275	290
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	56,420	27,645	28,775	595	295	300
North American Aboriginal origins	7,075	3,275	3,800	60	35	25
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,285	1,900	2,385	30	15	20
Inuit	40	25	15	0	0	0
Métis	3,180	1,510	1,665	30	25	10
Other North American origins	13,890	6,670	7,215	140	75	65
Acadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
American	365	175	195	10	0	0
Canadian	13,625	6,540	7,085	140	75	65
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	15	0	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	39,635	19,265	20,365	500	245	260
British Isles origins	27,355	13,250	14,100	300	130	170
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	16,660	8,110	8,555	185	60	125
Irish	10,330	4,725	5,600	100	40	60
Manx	25	0	15	0	0	0
Scottish	14,465	6,905	7,560	170	70	100
Welsh	1,090	560	530	15	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	915	475	440	15	10	0
French origins	5,685	2,580	3,100	95	50	45
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,685	2,580	3,105	95	50	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	11,315	5,590	5,730	180	110	75
Austrian	565	320	250	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	1,325	640	685	10	10	0
Dutch	2,245	1,060	1,185	25	10	15
Flemish	80	45	40	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	8,010	3,950	4,060	160	100	55
Luxembourger	20	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	195	75	120	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,675	1,690	1,990	60	20	40
Danish	540	285	250	10	0	15
Finnish	190	95	95	0	0	0
Icelandic	880	355	520	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,240	530	705	0	0	0
Swedish	1,145	555	595	35	15	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	120	50	70	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	11,650	5,595	6,060	215	110	105
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	150	90	60	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	95	40	55	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	410	160	250	0	0	10
Latvian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	3,655	1,760	1,890	75	50	25
Romanian	255	125	135	0	0	10
Russian	1,410	640	770	20	10	10
Slovak	35	20	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	7,935	3,850	4,080	135	60	75
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,575	845	735	15	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	115	50	65	0	0	0
Italian	600	355	245	15	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	220	110	110	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	535	265	270	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	230	115	120	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	75	50	25	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	130	45	80	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	230	105	120	10	15	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	55	20	35	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	100	40	60	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	15	15	10	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,375	1,175	1,200	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	85	35	50	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	40	20	25	0	0	0
Colombian	450	215	230	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	85	50	35	0	0	0
Honduran	415	190	220	0	0	0
Maya	55	30	25	0	0	0
Mexican	160	65	95	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	60	40	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	925	475	450	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	125	75	45	0	0	0
African origins	1,260	680	585	10	10	10
Central and West African origins	220	120	95	0	0	0
Akan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	160	80	75	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	20	15	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	20	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins	85	50	40	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Libyan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	640	345	295	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	75	40	35	0	0	0
Ethiopian	275	170	100	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	120	60	60	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	90	35	55	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	45	25	20	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	320	170	155	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	305	160	145	10	10	0
Asian origins	4,660	2,455	2,205	20	10	15
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	320	190	135	10	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Armenian	75	50	30	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	15	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	30	15	25	0	0	10
Palestinian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Syrian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	25	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,460	805	655	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	15	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,260	700	560	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	115	50	65	0	0	0
Punjabi	55	30	25	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,905	1,475	1,435	15	0	10
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese	2,075	1,055	1,025	0	0	0
Filipino	575	280	295	15	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Japanese	70	40	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	150	85	70	0	0	0
Laotian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	40	35	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	80	45	35	0	0	0
Australian	55	35	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	23,645	...	...	255	...	...
Owner	15,125	...	...	210	...	...
Renter	8,520	...	...	45	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
Condominium	2,240	...	...	85	...	...
Not condominium	21,405	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	23,645	...	...	255	...	...
No bedrooms	180	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,175	...	...	20	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,885	...	...	90	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,975	...	...	110	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,430	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,215	...	...	70	...	...
5 rooms	3,885	...	...	40	...	...
6 rooms	3,500	...	...	30	...	...
7 rooms	3,295	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,745	...	...	75	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	23,645	...	...	255	...	...
One person or fewer per room	23,190	...	...	255	...	...
More than 1 person per room	460	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
Suitable	22,595	...	...	255	...	...
Not suitable	1,050	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
1960 or before	6,335	...	...	15	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,630	...	...	95	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,725	...	...	10	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,180	...	...	0	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,250	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,670	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,850	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	23,645	...	...	255	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	22,185	...	...	240	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,465	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	23,645	...	...	260	...	...
1 household maintainer	14,130	...	...	145	...	...
2 household maintainers	8,955	...	...	110	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	560	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	23,645	...	...	255	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,545	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,465	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,545	...	...	25	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,955	...	...	20	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,960	...	...	70	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,760	...	...	60	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,725	...	...	40	...	...
85 years and over	685	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	23,315	...	...	250	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	19,030	...	...	220	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,290	...	...	35	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,835	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,830	...	...	215	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.6	...	...	59.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.0	...	...	9.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,024	...	...	1,052	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,107	...	...	1,210	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	269,435	...	...	300,790	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	289,809	...	...	334,082	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,505	...	...	45	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	19.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	801	...	...	1,608	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	844	...	...	1,407	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	45,260	21,910	23,350	510	245	265
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,725	4,645	4,080	75	35	40
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,515	7,320	7,195	180	100	80
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,020	9,945	12,075	260	110	155
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,035	2,820	1,220	65	40	20
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,885	1,090	795	45	20	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,145	1,725	420	20	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,130	3,430	5,695	105	30	70
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,025	420	610	25	20	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,825	3,275	4,555	65	20	45
Bachelor's degree	5,670	2,220	3,445	45	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	570	185	385	15	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	285	195	90	0	0	0
Master's degree	975	460	515	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	325	215	110	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	30,175	14,815	15,360	290	115	170
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,800	2,210	1,590	25	0	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,290	4,890	4,400	110	60	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,090	7,725	9,370	155	50	105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,835	2,020	815	35	25	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,255	725	530	20	15	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,575	1,295	285	10	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,110	2,765	4,350	65	10	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	750	340	410	10	10	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,400	2,600	3,795	50	10	35
Bachelor's degree	4,680	1,840	2,840	35	10	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	430	130	300	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	225	135	95	0	0	0
Master's degree	820	355	465	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	245	145	100	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	45,260	21,905	23,350	515	250	265
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,240	11,965	11,270	250	135	115
Education	2,230	600	1,620	35	0	35
13. Education	2,225	600	1,620	35	0	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	490	235	255	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	90	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	375	140	240	0	0	0
Humanities	910	370	540	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	15	35	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	135	45	95	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275	70	205	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	35	35	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	155	95	60	0	0	0
54. History	200	105	90	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,715	500	1,215	25	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	0	55	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	90	40	45	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	415	15	400	10	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	240	80	160	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	365	75	285	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	510	285	225	0	10	0
Business, management and public administration	4,035	1,215	2,815	45	15	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	300	75	230	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,735	1,140	2,590	45	15	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	675	360	315	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	265	120	140	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	135	75	60	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	215	155	65	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	450	300	155	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	325	255	70	0	0	0
25. Library science	40	10	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	30	50	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,425	4,135	285	60	60	0
04. Architecture and related services	85	40	40	0	0	0
14. Engineering	425	355	75	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	725	635	95	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,170	1,150	15	15	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,615	1,575	45	20	20	0
48. Precision production	395	380	15	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	745	555	190	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	600	475	120	10	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	145	75	70	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,660	870	3,790	65	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	180	90	90	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,405	720	3,685	65	10	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	55	20	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,695	805	890	15	15	0
12. Personal and culinary services	1,080	265	815	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	30	25	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	360	305	55	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	215	205	15	0	0	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	30,175	14,815	15,360	290	120	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	13,085	7,095	5,990	135	70	70
Education	1,550	430	1,115	20	0	20
13. Education	1,545	430	1,120	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	355	175	180	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	65	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	280	115	165	0	0	0
Humanities	670	280	385	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	40	20	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	105	35	70	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	200	50	150	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	60	45	0	0	0
54. History	150	90	60	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,470	435	1,030	15	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	0	55	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	80	35	45	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	390	10	375	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	210	70	135	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	10	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	280	60	220	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	420	245	175	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	3,250	1,015	2,235	30	10	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	240	45	195	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,010	975	2,035	20	10	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	535	285	250	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	215	95	120	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	100	60	35	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	175	110	65	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	10	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	405	280	115	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	290	240	50	0	0	0
25. Library science	30	10	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	65	30	40	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,330	3,085	245	25	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	80	40	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	350	285	60	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	530	445	80	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	850	840	15	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,230	1,190	35	10	0	0
48. Precision production	295	280	15	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	605	430	175	15	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	470	360	105	15	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	140	75	65	0	0	0
Health and related fields	3,650	655	2,995	45	0	40
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	145	70	75	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,445	545	2,900	45	10	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	50	40	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,270	640	630	10	10	0
12. Personal and culinary services	785	200	580	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	25	25	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	280	245	35	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	175	165	10	10	0	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	45,260	21,910	23,350	515	245	270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,240	11,965	11,275	255	135	110
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	22,020	9,945	12,080	260	110	150
Location of study inside Canada	19,170	8,475	10,700	265	110	150
Same as province or territory of residence	15,985	6,860	9,125	230	95	135
Different than province or territory of residence	3,190	1,620	1,575	35	15	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,845	1,470	1,380	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	490	230	250	0	0	0
Philippines	280	110	165	0	0	0
India	500	250	250	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	155	85	65	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	230	125	105	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other	1,195	660	535	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	30,175	14,815	15,360	285	115	170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	13,085	7,095	5,990	135	65	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	17,090	7,720	9,365	155	50	105
Location of study inside Canada	14,610	6,450	8,160	150	50	105
Same as province or territory of residence	12,100	5,160	6,940	140	45	95
Different than province or territory of residence	2,510	1,290	1,225	15	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,480	1,270	1,210	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	345	155	190	0	0	0
Philippines	265	115	150	0	0	0
India	470	230	235	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	100	50	45	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	210	120	95	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	1,090	605	485	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	45,260	21,910	23,355	515	245	270
In the labour force	32,130	16,545	15,585	305	150	160
Employed	29,890	15,405	14,485	290	135	155
Unemployed	2,240	1,140	1,100	15	10	10
Not in the labour force	13,130	5,365	7,770	210	95	105
Participation rate	71.0	75.5	66.7	59.2	61.2	59.3
Employment rate	66.0	70.3	62.0	56.3	55.1	57.4
Unemployment rate	7.0	6.9	7.1	4.9	6.7	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	45,260	21,910	23,350	515	250	265
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	11,965	4,815	7,155	215	105	105
Worked	33,290	17,095	16,200	300	140	160
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	17,635	10,095	7,540	135	80	60
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	15,660	7,005	8,655	165	65	105
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	44.1	42.3	43.1	47.6	39.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	32,130	16,545	15,585	310	150	160
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	560	205	350	10	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	31,570	16,335	15,235	300	140	160
Employee	28,980	14,700	14,275	270	130	140
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,590	1,635	955	35	20	15
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	32,130	16,545	15,585	310	150	160
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	560	205	350	10	10	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	31,575	16,335	15,235	300	140	155
0 Management occupations	2,945	1,860	1,085	35	15	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,155	1,095	3,055	55	10	45
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,135	850	285	10	10	0
3 Health occupations	2,925	535	2,390	35	0	30
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,495	1,780	2,720	45	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	420	160	265	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	7,700	3,270	4,430	55	35	25
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	4,695	4,525	170	50	55	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	715	565	150	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,390	1,700	685	10	0	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	32,125	16,545	15,585	310	145	160
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	560	210	350	0	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	31,570	16,340	15,235	300	145	160
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	890	675	215	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	200	185	15	0	0	0
22 Utilities	290	215	75	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,200	1,945	255	30	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	3,295	2,340	955	30	20	10
41 Wholesale trade	905	695	215	15	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	3,995	1,975	2,015	15	15	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,110	975	140	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	505	260	250	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	955	375	580	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	395	230	165	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	920	395	525	15	10	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,020	590	435	0	0	0
61 Educational services	2,395	670	1,725	40	10	30
62 Health care and social assistance	5,155	880	4,275	75	15	65
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	470	220	240	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	2,525	1,055	1,470	15	10	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,390	690	705	10	0	10
91 Public administration	2,935	1,965	970	20	20	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	29,895	15,405	14,480	295	135	155
Worked at home	1,370	740	630	25	10	10
Worked outside Canada	40	30	20	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,180	2,435	750	35	30	10
Worked at usual place	25,300	12,210	13,085	230	95	135
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	25,300	12,210	13,090	230	95	135
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,905	9,280	10,625	60	15	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,260	2,240	2,015	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	965	590	380	165	80	90
Commute to a different province or territory	170	105	70	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	28,480	14,640	13,835	270	125	145
Car, truck, van - as a driver	23,005	12,255	10,750	225	110	110
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,965	760	1,210	20	10	20
Public transit	1,155	505	650	0	0	10
Walked	1,790	765	1,020	15	0	10
Bicycle	265	190	75	0	0	0
Other method	300	170	130	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	28,480	14,645	13,835	270	125	140
Less than 15 minutes	16,820	8,100	8,715	65	30	35
15 to 29 minutes	8,235	4,480	3,755	85	45	40
30 to 44 minutes	2,170	1,170	1,000	90	40	50
45 to 59 minutes	555	355	195	30	10	20
60 minutes and over	700	535	165	0	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	28,480	14,640	13,835	265	125	145
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,465	1,100	370	15	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,410	2,665	1,745	85	45	35
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,745	5,115	3,630	65	15	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,480	2,415	4,065	40	15	25
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,465	960	1,500	15	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,910	2,385	2,525	45	20	30
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	34,225	17,460	16,760	315	145	175
Single responses	33,945	17,305	16,645	310	140	170
Official languages	33,670	17,170	16,505	310	140	165
English	33,580	17,160	16,425	310	140	165
French	95	15	80	0	0	0
Non-official languages	280	135	145	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	270	130	135	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	150	70	80	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	65	75	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	125	55	70	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	65	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	105	60	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	20	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	35	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	280	155	120	10	0	10
English and French	85	45	40	10	0	10
English and non-official language	190	115	75	10	10	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	34,230	17,460	16,765	320	145	170
None	32,730	16,640	16,095	300	145	155
English	195	60	140	0	0	0
French	395	280	115	10	0	10
Non-official language	880	475	405	10	0	10
Aboriginal	10	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	875	465	405	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	55,600	27,185	28,415	590	285	305
Non-movers	46,565	22,835	23,735	460	235	220
Movers	9,030	4,350	4,680	130	50	80
Non-migrants	5,630	2,765	2,865	50	20	35
Migrants	3,400	1,585	1,820	80	30	45
Internal migrants	2,920	1,355	1,555	80	35	40
Intraprovincial migrants	2,140	975	1,165	70	35	40
Interprovincial migrants	780	380	400	0	0	0
External migrants	485	225	260	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	52,510	25,555	26,955	555	275	275
Non-movers	28,055	13,695	14,360	260	135	130
Movers	24,450	11,865	12,590	290	145	150
Non-migrants	13,095	6,435	6,655	80	45	40
Migrants	11,360	5,425	5,935	210	100	110
Internal migrants	8,815	4,210	4,600	210	100	110
Intraprovincial migrants	6,115	2,725	3,390	200	95	100
Interprovincial migrants	2,700	1,485	1,215	10	0	10
External migrants	2,550	1,210	1,335	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brandon [Census agglomeration], Manitoba and Dugald, UUC [Designated place], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brandon [Census agglomeration], Manitoba and Dugald, Unincorporated urban centre [Designated place], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brandon [Census agglomeration], Manitoba and Dugald, Unincorporated urban centre [Designated place], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brandon [Census agglomeration], Manitoba and Dugald, Unincorporated urban centre [Designated place], Manitoba