Census Profile, 2016 Census
Region 5, Region [Census division], Northwest Territories and Etobicoke--Lakeshore [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Region 5, REG Northwest Territories [Census division]			Etobicoke--Lakeshore Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Region 5, Region [Census division], Northwest Territories Map : Region 5, Region [Census division], Northwest Territories Change geography 1			Data quality : Etobicoke--Lakeshore [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	6,980	...	...	129,081	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	6,616 ^r	...	...	115,437	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.5	...	...	11.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	3,199	...	...	64,172	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,692	...	...	59,683	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.0	...	...	3,263.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	153,468.37	...	...	39.55	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	6,980	3,555	3,420	129,080	62,480	66,600
0 to 14 years	1,370	695	680	16,870	8,575	8,295
0 to 4 years	455	220	235	6,370	3,210	3,165
5 to 9 years	485	245	245	5,630	2,850	2,780
10 to 14 years	435	230	200	4,875	2,515	2,355
15 to 64 years	4,805	2,445	2,365	91,375	44,880	46,495
15 to 19 years	450	245	205	5,370	2,735	2,635
20 to 24 years	490	255	230	7,690	3,835	3,855
25 to 29 years	545	280	265	10,535	5,140	5,395
30 to 34 years	475	240	235	11,230	5,640	5,590
35 to 39 years	445	210	235	10,310	5,075	5,235
40 to 44 years	460	215	245	9,255	4,545	4,715
45 to 49 years	435	210	225	9,150	4,435	4,715
50 to 54 years	565	300	270	10,170	4,905	5,270
55 to 59 years	540	275	265	9,580	4,765	4,820
60 to 64 years	400	215	185	8,075	3,805	4,265
65 years and over	800	415	385	20,840	9,025	11,815
65 to 69 years	325	180	150	6,585	3,080	3,500
70 to 74 years	210	110	105	4,615	2,145	2,470
75 to 79 years	125	65	65	3,595	1,585	2,010
80 to 84 years	85	40	45	2,830	1,145	1,685
85 years and over	45	25	20	3,210	1,060	2,145
85 to 89 years	35	20	15	1,895	675	1,220
90 to 94 years	5	5	5	1,040	315	720
95 to 99 years	5	0	5	230	60	170
100 years and over	0	0	0	40	0	35
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.6	19.5	19.9	13.1	13.7	12.5
15 to 64 years	68.8	68.8	69.2	70.8	71.8	69.8
65 years and over	11.5	11.7	11.3	16.1	14.4	17.7
85 years and over	0.6	0.7	0.6	2.5	1.7	3.2
Average age of the population	37.3	37.4	37.3	42.0	40.9	43.0
Median age of the population	36.7	36.3	37.1	41.3	40.2	42.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,695	...	...	59,685	...	...
Single-detached house	2,040	...	...	18,250	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	75	...	...	25,480	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	570	...	...	15,950	...	...
Semi-detached house	220	...	...	1,295	...	...
Row house	140	...	...	2,300	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	35	...	...	1,525	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	160	...	...	10,805	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,690	...	...	59,685	...	...
1 person	725	...	...	22,520	...	...
2 persons	885	...	...	19,520	...	...
3 persons	425	...	...	8,470	...	...
4 persons	380	...	...	6,530	...	...
5 or more persons	280	...	...	2,640	...	...
Number of persons in private households	6,855	...	...	127,475	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	5,605	2,860	2,745	112,210	53,905	58,305
Married or living common law	3,070	1,540	1,530	58,970	29,710	29,255
Married	1,965	990	980	48,655	24,485	24,170
Living common law	1,105	550	550	10,315	5,230	5,085
Not married and not living common law	2,535	1,320	1,215	53,245	24,190	29,055
Never married	1,920	1,065	850	34,505	17,880	16,630
Separated	145	75	70	3,685	1,675	2,010
Divorced	255	115	140	8,770	3,490	5,285
Widowed	215	55	160	6,280	1,145	5,130
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,910	...	...	35,020	...	...
2 persons	945	...	...	19,025	...	...
3 persons	420	...	...	8,085	...	...
4 persons	340	...	...	6,230	...	...
5 or more persons	210	...	...	1,685	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,910	...	...	35,020	...	...
Total couple families	1,500	...	...	28,510	...	...
Married couples	945	...	...	23,355	...	...
Common-law couples	550	...	...	5,155	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	410	...	...	6,515	...	...
Female parent	310	...	...	5,370	...	...
Male parent	100	...	...	1,145	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,500	...	...	28,510	...	...
Couples without children	675	...	...	14,585	...	...
Couples with children	825	...	...	13,930	...	...
1 child	335	...	...	6,455	...	...
2 children	300	...	...	5,890	...	...
3 or more children	190	...	...	1,580	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	410	...	...	6,515	...	...
1 child	270	...	...	4,440	...	...
2 children	85	...	...	1,625	...	...
3 or more children	60	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,220	685	535	31,470	14,815	16,660
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,690	...	...	59,685	...	...
One-census-family households	1,780	...	...	33,495	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	635	...	...	13,945	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,140	...	...	19,550	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	65	...	...	745	...	...
Non-census-family households	850	...	...	25,445	...	...
One-person households	725	...	...	22,520	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	130	...	...	2,920	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	6,875	3,495	3,380	127,930	61,830	66,105
English only	6,345	3,220	3,125	112,090	55,105	56,980
French only	5	5	0	95	35	60
English and French	515	265	250	12,515	5,445	7,070
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	3,235	1,235	2,000
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	6,875	3,495	3,385	127,935	61,825	66,105
English	6,685	3,380	3,305	121,390	59,075	62,315
French	160	95	65	2,140	990	1,155
English and French	20	10	10	1,210	560	655
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	3,185	1,210	1,975
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	165	100	70	2,750	1,265	1,485
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.4	2.9	2.1	2.1	2.0	2.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	6,875	3,490	3,385	127,935	61,830	66,105
Single responses	6,820	3,460	3,360	124,005	59,945	64,060
Official languages	5,970	3,060	2,910	76,360	38,075	38,290
English	5,795	2,960	2,835	74,295	37,110	37,185
French	175	95	75	2,065	960	1,100
Non-official languages	850	405	445	47,650	21,870	25,775
Aboriginal languages	540	260	275	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	105	50	60	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	105	45	60	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	60	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	395	200	195	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	395	200	190	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	280	155	120	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	80	25	55	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	20	5	10	0	0	0
South Slavey	35	10	25	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	310	145	170	47,640	21,870	25,770
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	1,960	980	975
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	505	205	305
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	35	20	20
Somali	0	0	0	465	180	285
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Semitic languages	5	5	0	1,440	775	665
Amharic	0	0	0	165	80	90
Arabic	5	0	5	990	560	435
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	60	25	30
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	45	25	20
Maltese	0	0	0	105	55	50
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	30	30
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	645	285	360
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	5	625	280	345
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	100	35	65	2,630	990	1,645
Bikol	0	0	0	0	5	5
Cebuano	5	5	5	65	20	40
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	30	10	20
Ilocano	5	0	0	140	45	95
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	85	35	45
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	35	60	2,255	850	1,410
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Creole languages	0	5	0	85	40	45
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	60	30	30
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	595	315	280
Kannada	0	0	0	40	20	25
Malayalam	0	0	0	125	70	55
Tamil	0	0	0	285	150	135
Telugu	0	5	0	135	75	60
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	130	60	70	33,210	15,485	17,730
Albanian	0	0	0	1,000	510	485
Armenian	0	0	0	90	50	45
Balto-Slavic languages	30	15	20	16,940	7,585	9,360
Baltic languages	0	0	0	490	185	305
Latvian	0	0	0	90	30	60
Lithuanian	0	0	0	395	155	245
Slavic languages	30	15	20	16,455	7,400	9,055
Belarusan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	125	60	60
Bulgarian	0	0	0	325	165	155
Croatian	0	0	0	760	370	385
Czech	5	0	0	225	120	100
Macedonian	0	0	0	140	55	85
Polish	10	5	5	5,800	2,520	3,280
Russian	5	5	5	2,690	1,160	1,535
Serbian	0	0	0	1,680	795	890
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	150	70	80
Slovak	5	0	5	385	190	195
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	400	165	235
Ukrainian	10	0	5	3,730	1,695	2,035
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Celtic languages	0	0	5	15	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Germanic languages	40	25	20	1,395	635	760
Afrikaans	0	0	0	20	15	10
Danish	0	0	0	45	10	25
Dutch	10	5	5	200	105	90
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	30	15	15	1,050	465	590
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	50	25	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Greek	0	0	0	610	295	310
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	3,220	1,660	1,560
Indo-Aryan languages	20	5	15	2,420	1,245	1,175
Bengali	5	0	0	415	210	205
Gujarati	0	0	0	465	230	230
Hindi	5	0	0	570	310	260
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	20	10	10
Marathi	0	0	0	60	40	20
Nepali	0	0	0	75	35	35
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	325	155	170
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	40	15	25
Urdu	5	0	5	425	220	210
Iranian languages	0	0	5	775	400	370
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	25	10
Pashto	0	0	0	25	10	15
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	715	365	350
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	9,940	4,745	5,200
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	15	10	5	2,935	1,385	1,550
Portuguese	0	5	0	3,040	1,445	1,590
Romanian	0	0	0	575	280	295
Spanish	10	5	5	3,380	1,625	1,750
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Japanese	0	5	0	300	110	195
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Georgian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Korean	10	10	5	1,955	850	1,105
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Mongolian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	360	170	190
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	75	45	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Ganda	5	0	0	20	5	15
Igbo	5	5	0	25	15	15
Lingala	0	0	0	10	5	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Shona	0	0	0	25	10	10
Swahili	0	0	0	65	30	35
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	40	20	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	25
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	25	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	4,500	2,000	2,500
Chinese languages	40	20	20	3,135	1,345	1,790
Cantonese	5	5	0	1,315	565	750
Hakka	5	0	0	45	20	20
Mandarin	5	5	0	1,475	630	850
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	85	35	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	80	35	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	20	135	55	80
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	1,365	650	710
Burmese	5	0	5	30	15	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	1,310	630	685
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	80	20	55
Lao	5	0	0	20	5	15
Thai	0	0	0	60	15	45
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	415	210	205
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkish	0	0	0	325	160	165
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	10	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	50	30	20
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Uralic languages	5	5	5	760	345	415
Estonian	0	0	0	90	50	45
Finnish	0	0	0	60	20	40
Hungarian	5	0	0	610	275	335
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Multiple responses	55	30	25	3,925	1,885	2,045
English and French	15	5	5	360	175	185
English and non-official language	35	15	15	3,330	1,595	1,730
French and non-official language	10	5	5	105	45	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	135	60	75
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	6,875	3,490	3,380	127,930	61,825	66,105
Single responses	6,840	3,475	3,365	119,375	57,805	61,575
Official languages	6,565	3,330	3,230	96,120	47,065	49,055
English	6,505	3,300	3,205	95,330	46,710	48,620
French	60	30	25	790	355	435
Non-official languages	275	140	130	23,255	10,735	12,520
Aboriginal languages	150	85	70	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	130	75	60	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	130	70	60	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	105	65	45	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	125	65	65	23,250	10,735	12,520
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	880	400	475
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	270	105	165
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	0	0	0	255	100	155
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	605	295	310
Amharic	0	0	0	65	30	40
Arabic	0	0	0	440	220	215
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	20	5	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	30	10	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	330	150	175
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	325	150	170
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	25	1,155	490	665
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	25	20	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25	1,050	440	610
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	35	15	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	15	5	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	305	150	150
Kannada	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	50	25	25
Tamil	0	0	0	160	85	85
Telugu	0	0	0	65	35	30
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	20	15,530	7,240	8,295
Albanian	0	0	0	515	270	245
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	10	9,035	4,155	4,885
Baltic languages	0	0	0	185	85	105
Latvian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lithuanian	0	0	0	165	75	90
Slavic languages	10	5	5	8,850	4,075	4,775
Belarusan	0	0	0	20	5	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Bulgarian	0	0	0	185	100	90
Croatian	0	0	0	270	135	140
Czech	0	0	5	50	30	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Polish	5	5	5	2,880	1,295	1,580
Russian	0	5	5	1,735	780	955
Serbian	0	0	0	1,050	490	560
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Slovak	0	0	0	140	75	65
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,210	1,030	1,180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	5	190	90	95
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	15	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	145	65	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	190	90	100
Indo-Iranian languages	15	5	5	1,445	735	710
Indo-Aryan languages	15	5	5	1,030	535	495
Bengali	5	0	0	205	100	105
Gujarati	0	0	0	210	105	105
Hindi	0	0	0	230	125	100
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	20	10	5
Nepali	5	0	5	60	30	30
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	100	50	50
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Urdu	5	0	5	170	95	80
Iranian languages	0	0	0	405	190	210
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	15	5	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	375	175	200
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	5	4,130	1,885	2,240
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	940	385	560
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,255	595	660
Romanian	5	0	5	240	115	125
Spanish	0	5	0	1,685	795	890
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	130	55	70
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korean	5	0	0	1,435	625	810
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	155	65	90
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ganda	0	0	0	10	5	5
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	40	15	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	40	25	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	15	15	2,710	1,255	1,455
Chinese languages	30	15	15	1,690	760	930
Cantonese	0	0	0	570	260	310
Hakka	5	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	980	435	540
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	15	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	40	20	25
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	60	20	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	1,020	495	525
Burmese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	995	480	515
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	40	15	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	195	95	100
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	160	75	85
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	25	20	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	245	105	140
Estonian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	215	95	120
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Multiple responses	35	20	20	8,555	4,025	4,530
English and French	10	5	5	310	150	165
English and non-official language	20	10	10	8,005	3,775	4,230
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	205	85	120
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	6,875	3,490	3,380	127,935	61,825	66,105
None	6,220	3,170	3,055	100,425	49,035	51,385
English	130	70	65	9,945	4,725	5,220
French	100	50	50	1,580	705	875
Non-official language	420	205	210	15,410	7,090	8,320
Aboriginal	300	150	150	10	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	120	55	60	15,400	7,090	8,310
English and French	0	0	0	95	40	55
English and non-official language	5	0	0	240	115	120
French and non-official language	0	0	0	235	110	125
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,495	2,795	2,700	110,640	53,095	57,545
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,350	2,715	2,630	106,920	51,360	55,560
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,864	53,269	42,240	38,763	43,282	34,934
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,345	2,715	2,630	106,935	51,360	55,575
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,419	47,269	38,400	34,687	38,266	31,702
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,825	2,480	2,355	96,175	46,860	49,325
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,064	55,296	41,805	39,892	45,060	35,293
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,220	2,650	2,575	72,300	32,015	40,280
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,150	943	2,371	2,682	1,150	4,150
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,445	2,290	2,150	81,130	40,760	40,365
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,989	55,744	40,576	41,584	45,926	37,750
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	5,490	2,795	2,700	110,720	53,050	57,665
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,350	2,715	2,635	106,970	51,280	55,690
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	61,548	69,834	53,001	59,192	69,949	49,285
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,350	2,715	2,635	106,980	51,285	55,705
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,440	57,298	45,397	46,362	53,280	39,993
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,830	2,475	2,350	96,330	47,020	49,315
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	61,976	70,922	52,561	60,612	72,153	49,608
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,220	2,645	2,570	72,255	31,845	40,415
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,712	5,286	6,152	6,818	6,106	7,378
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,440	2,285	2,150	81,180	40,740	40,440
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	58,738	66,053	50,966	60,128	69,691	50,495
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	5,495	2,795	2,700	110,715	53,055	57,665
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,195	1,160	1,035	41,060	22,200	18,860
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	81,920	92,132	74,715	62,091	64,904	59,529
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	83,894	91,041	75,848	83,658	93,101	72,543
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	91.0	92.6	88.8	92.2	94.5	89.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	79.4	79.8	78.8	77.0	79.4	74.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.1	7.4	11.4	7.8	5.5	10.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	5,495	2,795	2,695	110,640	53,095	57,540
Without total income	145	80	65	3,720	1,735	1,980
With total income	5,350	2,715	2,635	106,920	51,360	55,565
Percentage with total income	97.4	97.1	97.8	96.6	96.7	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	735	350	380	14,940	6,845	8,100
$10,000 to $19,999	655	310	345	16,670	7,075	9,590
$20,000 to $29,999	555	270	290	12,710	5,505	7,200
$30,000 to $39,999	455	200	255	10,370	4,650	5,720
$40,000 to $49,999	400	180	225	9,610	4,530	5,075
$50,000 to $59,999	330	165	165	8,135	3,920	4,210
$60,000 to $69,999	300	150	155	6,955	3,385	3,565
$70,000 to $79,999	265	110	150	5,505	2,830	2,675
$80,000 to $89,999	245	110	135	4,525	2,360	2,165
$90,000 to $99,999	235	120	115	3,820	1,950	1,870
$100,000 and over	1,180	755	420	13,690	8,305	5,385
$100,000 to $149,999	920	560	365	8,045	4,600	3,445
$150,000 and over	255	200	60	5,645	3,705	1,940
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,490	2,795	2,700	110,640	53,095	57,545
Without after-tax income	145	80	65	3,705	1,730	1,970
With after-tax income	5,345	2,715	2,630	106,935	51,365	55,575
Percentage with after-tax income	97.4	97.1	97.4	96.7	96.7	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	740	350	390	15,330	6,980	8,355
$10,000 to $19,999	660	315	345	17,410	7,460	9,950
$20,000 to $29,999	615	295	320	14,605	6,380	8,225
$30,000 to $39,999	540	240	300	12,915	5,920	6,995
$40,000 to $49,999	450	210	240	11,540	5,530	6,010
$50,000 to $59,999	425	210	215	9,230	4,535	4,690
$60,000 to $69,999	330	140	190	6,920	3,565	3,355
$70,000 to $79,999	335	170	165	5,545	2,915	2,630
$80,000 and over	1,250	785	465	13,445	8,080	5,370
$80,000 to $89,999	330	185	145	3,790	2,030	1,765
$90,000 to $99,999	320	175	140	2,285	1,320	965
$100,000 and over	600	415	185	7,370	4,725	2,645
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	5,490	2,795	2,700	110,640	53,095	57,545
Without employment income	1,050	505	540	29,510	12,335	17,175
With employment income	4,440	2,290	2,155	81,130	40,760	40,370
Percentage with employment income	80.9	81.9	79.8	73.3	76.8	70.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	545	255	285	9,345	4,450	4,895
$5,000 to $9,999	335	155	175	5,640	2,550	3,090
$10,000 to $19,999	460	200	255	9,435	4,305	5,135
$20,000 to $29,999	360	170	190	7,590	3,515	4,075
$30,000 to $39,999	330	165	165	7,300	3,400	3,895
$40,000 to $49,999	270	135	135	7,250	3,500	3,750
$50,000 to $59,999	240	125	120	6,390	3,190	3,200
$60,000 to $69,999	220	100	130	5,490	2,780	2,705
$70,000 to $79,999	220	95	125	4,485	2,385	2,105
$80,000 and over	1,460	885	580	18,205	10,685	7,520
$80,000 to $89,999	230	95	135	3,745	1,995	1,750
$90,000 to $99,999	215	125	90	3,375	1,710	1,670
$100,000 and over	1,015	660	350	11,080	6,985	4,100
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,690	...	...	59,685	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	104,302	...	...	71,894	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	89,181	...	...	61,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	720	...	...	22,520	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,664	...	...	44,308	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,312	...	...	38,665	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,970	...	...	37,165	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	128,410	...	...	96,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	109,714	...	...	83,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,690	...	...	59,735	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	122,250	...	...	105,994	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	102,173	...	...	83,033	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	725	...	...	22,525	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	62,758	...	...	57,259	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,565	...	...	45,920	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,970	...	...	37,215	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	144,054	...	...	135,491	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	120,354	...	...	105,495	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,695	...	...	59,680	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	1,425	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	1,060	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	60	...	...	1,795	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	2,710	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	2,420	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	2,275	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	80	...	...	2,225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	75	...	...	2,200	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	65	...	...	2,285	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	65	...	...	2,250	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	115	...	...	4,290	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	135	...	...	4,145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	110	...	...	3,725	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	150	...	...	3,325	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	105	...	...	2,970	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,410	...	...	20,590	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	320	...	...	5,665	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	270	...	...	4,030	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	370	...	...	4,945	...	...
$200,000 and over	455	...	...	5,950	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,695	...	...	59,680	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	1,525	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	40	...	...	1,060	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	1,825	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	70	...	...	2,840	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	105	...	...	2,675	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	85	...	...	2,555	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	2,660	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	85	...	...	2,775	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	75	...	...	2,850	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	2,780	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	155	...	...	5,355	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	150	...	...	4,740	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...	4,050	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	165	...	...	3,485	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	150	...	...	2,840	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,180	...	...	15,655	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	355	...	...	5,395	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	255	...	...	3,605	...	...
$150,000 and over	570	...	...	6,660	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,890	...	...	35,085	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	126,391	...	...	97,822	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	107,804	...	...	84,207	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	620	...	...	13,645	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	122,112	...	...	95,119	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	103,509	...	...	80,993	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	830	...	...	13,965	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	159,963	...	...	128,380	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,571	...	...	108,244	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	365	...	...	6,200	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	77,440	...	...	57,195	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,224	...	...	52,087	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,890	...	...	35,190	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	142,958	...	...	137,606	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	119,329	...	...	106,702	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	620	...	...	13,675	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	145,578	...	...	132,834	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	119,422	...	...	103,378	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	835	...	...	14,005	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	169,051	...	...	173,754	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	141,179	...	...	131,415	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	365	...	...	6,235	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	81,818	...	...	73,346	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,449	...	...	62,455	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	985	550	430	28,320	13,540	14,775
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	48,597	48,704	48,512	39,215	40,304	38,263
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	43,776	42,880	44,331	34,804	35,655	34,071
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	985	550	435	28,280	13,410	14,870
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	59,744	60,962	58,189	52,647	54,516	50,960
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	50,221	50,870	49,392	42,604	43,369	41,914
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	6,855	3,480	3,370	127,470	61,655	65,820
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,200	1,105	1,100	55,590	26,195	29,395
In the bottom decile	515	245	265	14,435	6,875	7,560
In the second decile	520	275	245	11,570	5,330	6,245
In the third decile	405	205	200	9,985	4,605	5,375
In the fourth decile	305	155	150	9,600	4,615	4,980
In the fifth decile	450	215	235	10,010	4,770	5,240
In the top half of the distribution	4,650	2,380	2,270	71,880	35,455	36,420
In the sixth decile	470	230	235	10,505	5,100	5,400
In the seventh decile	645	315	325	11,465	5,565	5,900
In the eighth decile	715	345	365	12,790	6,310	6,480
In the ninth decile	1,015	520	495	15,430	7,580	7,850
In the top decile	1,815	965	850	21,685	10,900	10,785
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	127,470	61,655	65,820
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	19,840	10,145	9,695
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	7,555	3,790	3,765
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	87,660	42,710	44,950
65 years and over	0	0	0	19,965	8,795	11,170
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	19,645	9,095	10,540
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	3,420	1,775	1,640
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	1,220	625	590
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	12,935	6,040	6,895
65 years and over	0	0	0	3,290	1,285	2,005
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	15.4	14.8	16.0
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	17.2	17.5	16.9
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	16.1	16.5	15.7
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	14.8	14.1	15.3
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	16.5	14.6	17.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	16,595	7,835	8,760
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	2,580	1,335	1,240
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	910	455	450
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	11,680	5,620	6,055
65 years and over	0	0	0	2,340	875	1,465
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	13.0	12.7	13.3
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	13.0	13.2	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	12.0	12.0	12.0
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	13.3	13.2	13.5
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	11.7	9.9	13.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	6,850	3,485	3,370	127,525	61,645	65,880
Official languages	6,840	3,475	3,365	124,365	60,370	63,995
English	6,840	3,475	3,370	124,250	60,340	63,915
French	515	260	255	12,565	5,410	7,155
Non-official languages	1,100	540	565	57,700	26,755	30,945
Aboriginal languages	720	360	355	30	10	20
Algonquian languages	170	85	85	15	0	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	160	85	80	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	160	80	80	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	15	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	15	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	510	265	250	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	505	260	250	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	350	205	145	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	40	15	20	0	0	0
Gwich'in	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	115	40	75	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	25	15	15	0	0	0
South Slavey	55	20	40	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	35	10	25	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	45	20	30	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	20	0	15	0	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	395	180	210	57,685	26,750	30,930
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	2,750	1,380	1,375
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	625	235	395
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	0	70	35	40
Somali	0	0	0	555	200	355
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	2,175	1,165	1,005
Amharic	0	0	0	275	130	150
Arabic	10	0	0	1,525	835	690
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	200	105	90
Maltese	0	0	0	165	100	60
Tigrigna	0	0	0	30	15	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	880	415	465
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	865	410	460
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	100	40	70	3,220	1,175	2,045
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	105	50	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	10	20
Ilocano	0	0	0	155	60	95
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	90	20	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	100	35	70	3,035	1,100	1,935
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	270	125	150
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	35	20	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	25	45
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	170	80	95
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	895	515	380
Kannada	0	0	0	70	35	35
Malayalam	0	10	0	195	105	95
Tamil	0	0	0	450	275	175
Telugu	0	10	0	280	175	110
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	190	95	95	41,480	19,480	22,000
Albanian	0	0	0	1,175	620	555
Armenian	0	0	0	120	70	55
Balto-Slavic languages	40	15	20	18,790	8,615	10,175
Baltic languages	0	0	0	570	240	330
Latvian	0	0	0	95	40	55
Lithuanian	0	0	0	475	200	280
Slavic languages	35	20	20	18,380	8,445	9,940
Belarusan	0	0	0	60	30	35
Bosnian	0	0	0	310	135	170
Bulgarian	0	0	0	325	180	150
Croatian	0	0	0	1,240	645	595
Czech	0	0	0	360	190	175
Macedonian	0	0	0	200	80	125
Polish	10	0	10	7,150	3,160	3,995
Russian	0	0	0	4,545	2,100	2,445
Serbian	0	0	0	2,115	1,025	1,085
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	195	95	95
Slovak	10	0	0	390	175	220
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	410	170	235
Ukrainian	10	10	0	4,905	2,265	2,650
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Celtic languages	10	0	0	75	45	30
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	30	20	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Germanic languages	55	35	20	2,425	1,165	1,260
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	35	15
Danish	0	0	0	75	35	40
Dutch	10	0	0	280	130	150
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	30	20	1,960	945	1,015
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	135	70	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Greek	0	0	0	895	470	430
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	10	5,325	2,685	2,645
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	15	4,490	2,255	2,230
Bengali	0	0	0	500	275	220
Gujarati	0	0	0	795	430	370
Hindi	10	0	0	2,535	1,300	1,235
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	65	20	45
Marathi	0	0	0	140	65	75
Nepali	0	10	0	275	135	140
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	670	350	315
Sindhi	0	0	0	65	40	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	70	30	40
Urdu	10	0	0	820	395	425
Iranian languages	10	0	0	835	425	415
Kurdish	0	0	0	60	40	20
Pashto	0	0	0	50	15	30
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	735	375	365
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages	65	30	40	14,120	6,520	7,600
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	20	15	10	4,665	2,135	2,535
Portuguese	10	0	10	3,945	1,855	2,095
Romanian	0	0	0	675	305	370
Spanish	40	15	30	5,705	2,635	3,075
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	555	230	325
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Korean	15	10	0	2,170	960	1,210
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	50	15	40
Mongolian	0	0	0	50	15	35
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	710	345	370
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	125	55	65
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ganda	10	0	0	10	0	10
Igbo	0	0	0	50	20	30
Lingala	0	0	0	0	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Shona	0	0	0	105	55	50
Swahili	0	0	0	200	100	95
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	70	40	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	70	85
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	10	175	55	120
American Sign Language	10	0	0	130	40	95
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	45	15	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	5,115	2,310	2,805
Chinese languages	45	20	25	3,610	1,580	2,030
Cantonese	10	0	0	1,560	680	885
Hakka	10	0	0	55	10	45
Mandarin	10	0	0	1,995	885	1,110
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	155	70	90
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	125	60	70
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	15	25	165	55	105
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	10	1,510	730	775
Burmese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	1,475	710	760
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	110	40	70
Lao	0	0	0	25	10	20
Thai	0	10	0	100	30	60
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	665	370	295
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkish	0	0	0	495	270	225
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	120	70	50
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uralic languages	0	10	10	815	400	420
Estonian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Finnish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	685	335	355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	45	35
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	6,855	3,480	3,370	127,525	61,645	65,880
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	6,725	3,430	3,295	114,640	55,545	59,095
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,620	820	800	18,630	9,555	9,075
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	5,110	2,615	2,495	96,010	45,990	50,025
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	125	50	75	12,880	6,095	6,785
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	6,855	3,485	3,370	127,525	61,645	65,880
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	6,440	3,300	3,140	76,310	37,775	38,545
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	380	175	205	48,230	22,395	25,835
Before 1981	115	65	50	14,030	6,510	7,520
1981 to 1990	50	20	30	6,775	3,340	3,435
1991 to 2000	55	20	30	10,000	4,360	5,640
2001 to 2010	110	40	70	11,305	5,250	6,055
2001 to 2005	45	20	25	5,910	2,745	3,165
2006 to 2010	65	25	45	5,395	2,510	2,890
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	50	25	25	6,125	2,935	3,185
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	10	20	2,975	1,475	1,500
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	380	170	205	48,230	22,395	25,840
Under 5 years	40	15	25	4,345	2,075	2,270
5 to 14 years	65	35	25	8,745	4,310	4,435
15 to 24 years	75	40	35	10,105	4,575	5,535
25 to 44 years	170	65	100	20,885	9,770	11,110
45 years and over	30	10	20	4,155	1,665	2,495
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	380	175	210	48,230	22,395	25,835
Americas	70	30	40	6,930	3,165	3,765
Brazil	0	0	0	450	195	255
Colombia	0	0	0	355	190	160
El Salvador	0	0	0	195	80	115
Guyana	0	0	0	585	195	385
Haiti	0	0	0	50	30	20
Jamaica	10	10	0	865	410	450
Mexico	0	0	0	410	180	225
Peru	0	0	0	235	110	125
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	705	300	405
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	20	30	1,115	495	620
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	1,975	975	1,000
Europe	115	65	55	23,650	11,135	12,515
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	650	310	340
Croatia	0	0	0	595	290	310
France	10	0	0	235	115	115
Germany	20	10	10	760	375	390
Greece	0	0	0	265	150	115
Hungary	10	0	10	405	205	200
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	350	170	185
Italy	0	0	0	1,810	840	970
Netherlands	10	10	0	175	95	80
Poland	10	0	10	4,805	2,180	2,625
Portugal	0	0	0	1,745	860	880
Romania	0	0	0	625	260	360
Russian Federation	0	0	0	1,120	425	695
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	950	445	505
Ukraine	0	0	0	3,105	1,430	1,675
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	25	15	2,790	1,310	1,485
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	10	3,270	1,680	1,590
Africa	20	10	10	2,405	1,180	1,225
Algeria	0	0	0	45	35	10
Egypt	0	0	0	205	125	85
Ethiopia	0	0	0	240	120	120
Kenya	0	0	0	190	85	105
Morocco	0	0	0	70	35	35
Nigeria	0	10	0	195	100	90
Somalia	0	0	0	335	125	215
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	230	115	110
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	890	445	450
Asia	165	65	95	15,010	6,790	8,220
Afghanistan	0	0	0	60	25	30
Bangladesh	0	0	0	290	155	130
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	10	1,725	770	955
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	455	180	275
India	15	10	10	2,865	1,380	1,480
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	590	295	305
Iraq	0	0	0	125	70	55
Japan	0	0	0	185	65	120
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	1,745	780	975
Lebanon	10	0	0	225	135	90
Pakistan	10	0	0	455	225	230
Philippines	95	35	60	3,070	1,165	1,900
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	220	110	110
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	120	65	55
Taiwan	0	0	0	125	65	60
Viet Nam	0	0	0	620	265	355
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	2,125	1,035	1,090
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	245	125	120
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	50	25	25	6,125	2,935	3,190
Americas	15	10	10	1,015	485	530
Brazil	0	0	0	110	45	65
Colombia	0	0	0	65	30	35
Cuba	0	0	0	50	20	30
Haiti	0	0	0	20	15	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	75	40	35
Mexico	0	0	0	150	60	85
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	145	80	65
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	100	40	55
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	305	155	145
Europe	10	0	0	1,825	855	970
France	0	0	0	30	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	70	50	20
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Romania	0	0	0	60	30	30
Russian Federation	0	0	0	180	50	125
Ukraine	0	0	0	495	235	265
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	130	75	50
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	825	375	445
Africa	0	0	0	335	160	170
Algeria	0	0	0	10	15	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	15	10	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	10	10	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	45	20	20
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	50	30	20
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	70	30	45
Somalia	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	15	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	85	40	50
Asia	25	10	15	2,880	1,400	1,485
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	65	40	25
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	10	0	295	150	145
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	915	460	455
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	125	50	75
Iraq	0	0	0	45	20	30
Israel	0	0	0	15	0	10
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	155	90	60
Lebanon	0	0	0	30	15	10
Nepal	0	0	0	100	65	30
Pakistan	0	0	10	45	25	20
Philippines	15	10	10	570	230	345
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	65	35	30
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	30	15	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0	45	15	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	280	120	160
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	65	40	25
Australia	0	0	0	60	35	25
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	6,855	3,480	3,370	127,520	61,640	65,880
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	415	185	230	51,980	24,260	27,720
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	530	290	240	36,190	18,025	18,170
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	5,905	3,005	2,900	39,355	19,365	19,990
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	270	110	160	34,750	16,160	18,585
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	165	70	95	16,420	7,860	8,555
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	80	35	50	7,145	4,095	3,055
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	85	30	50	9,275	3,770	5,505
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	90	35	55	10,630	4,255	6,370
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	10	7,350	3,865	3,485
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	345	175	170
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	6,855	3,485	3,370	127,520	61,645	65,880
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,045	2,035	2,010	1,250	595	655
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,035	2,025	2,005	1,210	590	620
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,290	1,140	1,155	775	350	430
Métis	1,470	765	710	420	235	190
Inuk (Inuit)	270	120	145	15	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	0	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,805	1,445	1,355	126,270	61,045	65,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	6,855	3,480	3,370	127,520	61,640	65,880
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,385	1,170	1,215	405	165	235
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,470	2,310	2,160	127,125	61,475	65,645
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	6,855	3,485	3,370	127,525	61,640	65,880
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,735	1,380	1,360	230	95	135
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,495	1,250	1,245	225	95	130
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,825	905	915	170	70	100
Métis single ancestry	520	280	245	45	20	20
Inuit single ancestry	150	65	85	15	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	245	130	115	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	185	90	95	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	40	25	20	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,290	645	650	2,005	975	1,030
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,120	570	555	2,000	970	1,030
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	840	435	400	1,520	730	790
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	210	90	115	455	225	230
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	40	35	20	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	170	75	95	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	55	60	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	15	25	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,825	1,465	1,360	125,290	60,570	64,715
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	6,855	3,485	3,375	127,520	61,640	65,880
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	335	155	180	35,355	16,765	18,590
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	15	10	7,050	3,510	3,540
Chinese	50	25	25	4,445	1,965	2,475
Black	60	35	30	6,325	3,090	3,235
Filipino	130	45	80	4,255	1,790	2,470
Latin American	15	0	10	3,060	1,500	1,565
Arab	0	10	0	1,155	625	525
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	25	15	10	1,315	580	740
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	920	445	475
Korean	10	10	0	2,420	1,110	1,315
Japanese	10	0	0	655	330	325
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	0	2,185	1,035	1,145
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	10	1,570	795	775
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	6,520	3,330	3,190	92,165	44,875	47,285
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	6,855	3,480	3,370	127,525	61,645	65,880
North American Aboriginal origins	4,030	2,020	2,010	2,235	1,070	1,165
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,055	1,535	1,520	1,695	805	895
Inuit	330	160	175	35	15	15
Métis	1,065	535	530	510	250	255
Other North American origins	930	490	445	21,580	10,470	11,105
Acadian	15	0	10	155	70	80
American	50	25	20	1,580	825	750
Canadian	870	450	420	20,270	9,765	10,500
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	10
Newfoundlander	10	0	0	90	35	55
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	25	25	0
Québécois	0	0	0	45	30	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	0	40	20	25
European origins	3,135	1,610	1,525	88,845	43,170	45,675
British Isles origins	1,870	955	915	40,115	19,750	20,365
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	790	400	385	21,820	10,655	11,165
Irish	730	370	360	18,315	8,785	9,535
Manx	0	0	10	15	10	10
Scottish	875	445	425	17,225	8,350	8,875
Welsh	90	35	55	1,935	940	1,000
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	90	45	45	3,465	1,585	1,880
French origins	980	485	495	8,455	4,035	4,420
Alsatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	980	485	495	8,440	4,030	4,405
Western European origins (except French origins)	740	370	370	12,660	6,210	6,450
Austrian	45	25	15	985	515	465
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	25	15	10	385	155	230
Dutch	130	65	60	2,685	1,350	1,340
Flemish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	585	285	300	9,070	4,400	4,670
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	10	0	475	245	230
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	270	140	125	2,295	1,095	1,200
Danish	85	40	45	505	245	260
Finnish	15	10	0	430	190	240
Icelandic	25	15	10	155	95	65
Norwegian	85	45	40	530	250	280
Swedish	75	40	35	725	335	395
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	10	70	30	45
Eastern European origins	495	240	255	27,110	12,485	14,625
Bulgarian	0	0	0	435	210	225
Byelorussian	0	0	0	300	130	170
Czech	15	0	0	665	325	340
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	0	175	85	95
Estonian	0	0	0	260	140	120
Hungarian	40	30	15	1,800	890	910
Latvian	0	0	0	310	140	170
Lithuanian	0	0	0	880	400	485
Moldovan	0	0	0	100	40	60
Polish	140	65	75	11,685	5,360	6,320
Romanian	15	10	10	1,030	440	590
Russian	80	40	35	3,650	1,695	1,955
Slovak	10	0	0	810	370	440
Ukrainian	235	110	125	9,640	4,485	5,155
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	85	30	55
Southern European origins	130	70	65	26,870	13,380	13,490
Albanian	0	0	0	1,285	680	610
Bosnian	0	0	0	380	190	190
Catalan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,665	895	775
Cypriot	0	0	0	35	25	10
Greek	10	10	10	1,730	915	815
Italian	90	50	40	11,545	5,770	5,780
Kosovar	0	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	475	235	240
Maltese	0	0	0	730	400	335
Montenegrin	0	0	0	110	35	75
Portuguese	10	10	10	5,400	2,595	2,800
Serbian	0	0	0	2,305	1,125	1,185
Sicilian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Slovenian	10	0	10	790	350	440
Spanish	15	10	10	2,435	1,120	1,315
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	320	145	175
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other European origins	50	30	25	975	535	440
Basque	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jewish	10	10	0	665	360	305
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	10	55	35	25
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	15	15	215	120	95
Caribbean origins	20	10	10	4,860	2,315	2,545
Antiguan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Bahamian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Barbadian	0	0	0	270	125	145
Bermudan	0	0	0	50	30	25
Carib	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cuban	0	0	0	315	155	155
Dominican	0	0	0	70	25	45
Grenadian	0	0	0	165	75	90
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	105	60	50
Jamaican	15	10	0	2,425	1,230	1,195
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	65	45	15
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	20	0	20
St. Lucian	0	0	0	45	15	25
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	790	395	395
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	110	55	55
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	530	210	315
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	165	75	90
Latin, Central and South American origins	25	10	15	4,550	2,160	2,385
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Arawak	0	0	0	30	20	10
Argentinian	0	0	0	245	135	115
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	555	235	320
Chilean	0	10	0	325	175	150
Colombian	0	0	0	575	310	270
Costa Rican	0	0	0	25	20	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	290	155	130
Guatemalan	0	0	0	110	60	50
Guyanese	0	0	0	510	215	290
Hispanic	0	0	0	70	25	40
Honduran	0	0	0	65	25	40
Maya	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mexican	0	0	0	665	295	375
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	45	20	25
Panamanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	50	15	35
Peruvian	0	0	0	285	145	140
Salvadorean	0	0	0	255	95	165
Uruguayan	0	0	0	80	40	40
Venezuelan	0	0	0	290	150	145
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	165	85	80
African origins	50	20	25	4,445	2,155	2,290
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	725	375	350
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	165	90	80
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ivorian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Liberian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	315	155	160
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	55	35	20
North African origins	0	0	10	705	340	360
Algerian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Berber	0	0	0	35	10	25
Coptic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	380	170	210
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moroccan	0	0	0	80	40	40
Sudanese	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tunisian	0	0	0	35	15	25
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Southern and East African origins	10	10	0	1,925	865	1,065
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	100	40	55
Ethiopian	0	0	0	360	175	185
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	145	75	70
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	55	10	45
Oromo	0	0	0	35	20	15
Rwandan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	695	280	415
South African	10	10	0	285	125	160
Tanzanian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Zambian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	115	65	50
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	135	70	65
Other African origins	30	15	15	1,110	585	530
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	10	160	75	85
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	30	15	15	960	510	445
Asian origins	285	125	160	26,620	12,485	14,135
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	0	15	3,770	1,930	1,835
Afghan	0	0	0	155	70	80
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	310	165	140
Armenian	0	0	0	245	120	125
Assyrian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Hazara	0	0	0	0	10	0
Iranian	10	0	10	890	465	420
Iraqi	0	0	0	95	35	55
Israeli	0	0	0	105	50	50
Jordanian	0	0	0	60	25	40
Kazakh	0	0	0	40	20	20
Kurd	0	0	0	55	35	25
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	585	310	275
Palestinian	0	0	0	145	85	65
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Syrian	10	0	0	270	115	150
Tajik	0	0	0	25	20	10
Tatar	0	0	0	75	35	45
Turk	0	0	0	600	300	305
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	150	85	65
Yemeni	0	0	0	55	30	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	130	75	50
South Asian origins	45	25	20	7,430	3,675	3,750
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	300	165	135
Bengali	0	0	0	155	95	65
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
East Indian	30	20	10	5,865	2,860	3,010
Goan	0	0	0	95	45	45
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	85	35	45
Pakistani	10	0	10	620	330	290
Punjabi	0	10	0	145	65	80
Sinhalese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	275	140	140
Tamil	0	0	0	70	45	30
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	270	130	135
East and Southeast Asian origins	225	100	125	15,750	7,040	8,710
Burmese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Chinese	65	30	35	5,590	2,450	3,145
Filipino	135	50	85	4,500	1,900	2,600
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	150	70	80
Japanese	10	10	0	840	430	415
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	2,550	1,175	1,370
Laotian	0	10	0	40	10	30
Malaysian	0	0	0	105	40	65
Mongolian	0	0	0	100	40	60
Singaporean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	130	70	60
Thai	0	0	0	100	30	65
Tibetan	0	0	0	1,545	755	795
Vietnamese	0	10	0	1,065	515	555
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	100	40	60
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	100	40	55
Oceania origins	15	10	10	305	150	155
Australian	10	0	10	180	90	90
New Zealander	10	10	10	35	15	15
Pacific Islands origins	10	0	0	95	40	60
Fijian	10	0	0	65	15	45
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	15	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,695	...	...	59,735	...	...
Owner	1,665	...	...	33,860	...	...
Renter	1,025	...	...	25,875	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,690	...	...	59,735	...	...
Condominium	55	...	...	18,895	...	...
Not condominium	2,640	...	...	40,840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,690	...	...	59,735	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	910	...	...
1 bedroom	285	...	...	17,925	...	...
2 bedrooms	625	...	...	20,705	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,065	...	...	13,135	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	670	...	...	7,065	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,695	...	...	59,735	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	810	...	...	30,880	...	...
5 rooms	560	...	...	8,235	...	...
6 rooms	525	...	...	6,255	...	...
7 rooms	320	...	...	4,710	...	...
8 or more rooms	475	...	...	9,660	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.7	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,690	...	...	59,735	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,635	...	...	58,080	...	...
More than 1 person per room	60	...	...	1,655	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,690	...	...	59,735	...	...
Suitable	2,520	...	...	54,690	...	...
Not suitable	170	...	...	5,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,695	...	...	59,735	...	...
1960 or before	125	...	...	22,420	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,105	...	...	11,950	...	...
1981 to 1990	505	...	...	4,025	...	...
1991 to 2000	405	...	...	4,495	...	...
2001 to 2005	225	...	...	3,945	...	...
2006 to 2010	210	...	...	5,335	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	115	...	...	7,565	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,690	...	...	59,735	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,125	...	...	55,720	...	...
Major repairs needed	565	...	...	4,015	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,690	...	...	59,735	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,570	...	...	37,880	...	...
2 household maintainers	1,050	...	...	20,545	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	70	...	...	1,310	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,690	...	...	59,735	...	...
15 to 24 years	100	...	...	1,620	...	...
25 to 34 years	455	...	...	10,485	...	...
35 to 44 years	460	...	...	11,270	...	...
45 to 54 years	570	...	...	11,750	...	...
55 to 64 years	585	...	...	11,130	...	...
65 to 74 years	355	...	...	7,225	...	...
75 to 84 years	135	...	...	4,310	...	...
85 years and over	25	...	...	1,940	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,685	...	...	59,665	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	2,395	...	...	39,525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	290	...	...	20,135	...	...
30% to less than 100%	250	...	...	16,540	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,665	...	...	33,855	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	53.2	...	...	58.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.0	...	...	24.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,160	...	...	1,553	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,311	...	...	1,713	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	249,987	...	...	648,980	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	258,562	...	...	715,268	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,025	...	...	25,875	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	42.4	...	...	11.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.7	...	...	46.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	883	...	...	1,171	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	896	...	...	1,229	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,490	2,795	2,695	110,720	53,055	57,665
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,540	835	705	14,475	7,145	7,335
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,075	515	560	25,080	12,160	12,920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,880	1,445	1,435	71,160	33,745	37,415
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	735	590	150	5,040	3,445	1,600
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	290	195	90	2,705	1,655	1,050
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	445	390	55	2,340	1,790	550
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,205	485	720	20,855	9,625	11,235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	125	45	75	3,000	1,305	1,690
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	815	325	490	42,265	19,375	22,895
Bachelor's degree	610	250	360	27,515	12,275	15,240
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	15	25	3,215	1,440	1,770
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	795	365	440
Master's degree	155	55	100	9,460	4,535	4,925
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	10	0	1,285	765	515
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,810	1,905	1,900	77,855	37,810	40,050
No certificate, diploma or degree	780	440	345	5,600	3,190	2,415
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	680	320	355	14,795	7,680	7,115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,350	1,145	1,205	57,460	26,940	30,520
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	580	460	120	3,490	2,380	1,110
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	245	160	80	1,865	1,135	730
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	335	295	40	1,625	1,245	380
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,005	390	615	16,525	7,710	8,815
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	95	35	60	2,305	1,020	1,285
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	675	265	410	35,140	15,830	19,310
Bachelor's degree	505	205	295	22,875	10,125	12,750
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	10	20	2,685	1,165	1,525
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	640	280	365
Master's degree	130	40	85	7,955	3,740	4,215
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	980	520	460
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,495	2,795	2,700	110,720	53,055	57,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,615	1,355	1,260	39,555	19,305	20,250
Education	300	70	230	3,725	885	2,835
13. Education	300	70	230	3,725	890	2,835
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	25	15	4,515	1,985	2,535
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	635	450	180
50. Visual and performing arts	25	15	15	3,885	1,530	2,355
Humanities	115	45	70	4,810	1,720	3,090
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	10	600	110	495
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	10	1,445	390	1,055
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	35	1,170	390	780
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	30	15	15
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	360	210	150
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	210	125	85
54. History	10	0	10	790	445	345
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	205	40	165
Social and behavioural sciences and law	180	60	120	11,455	4,010	7,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	10	10	185	35	155
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	15	1,650	605	1,045
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	10	45	1,235	115	1,120
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10	1,930	700	1,225
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	180	35	140
42. Psychology	25	0	20	1,660	360	1,305
45. Social sciences	45	25	25	4,610	2,155	2,455
Business, management and public administration	615	125	490	17,315	7,905	9,410
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	20	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	10	75	1,095	200	890
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530	115	415	16,195	7,680	8,510
Physical and life sciences and technologies	90	50	45	3,005	1,400	1,605
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	10	15	1,280	450	830
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	15	620	290	325
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	95	30	65
40. Physical sciences	15	10	0	915	595	330
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	90	35	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	50	30	20	3,350	2,200	1,150
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	25	10	2,485	1,755	725
25. Library science	10	0	10	170	25	140
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	630	365	265
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	65	50	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	730	670	60	11,675	9,955	1,720
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	0	895	605	290
14. Engineering	45	40	10	4,750	3,655	1,090
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	105	90	20	1,925	1,740	185
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	260	250	10	1,740	1,700	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	245	225	15	1,625	1,580	40
48. Precision production	65	65	0	730	665	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	80	30	815	365	445
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	0	480	220	265
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	70	25	330	145	180
Health and related fields	320	65	255	7,480	1,770	5,715
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	30	15	15	850	380	465
51. Health professions and related programs	290	50	240	6,375	1,260	5,115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	255	125	135
Personal, protective and transportation services	325	220	100	3,025	1,555	1,470
12. Personal and culinary services	100	30	70	1,720	540	1,180
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	35	30	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	15	0
43. Security and protective services	45	25	15	810	570	240
49. Transportation and materials moving	180	165	15	445	405	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,805	1,905	1,905	77,855	37,810	40,050
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,460	760	700	20,400	10,870	9,525
Education	235	50	185	2,730	640	2,085
13. Education	240	55	180	2,730	640	2,090
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	15	3,580	1,570	2,010
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	495	365	130
50. Visual and performing arts	25	15	10	3,085	1,205	1,880
Humanities	90	40	45	3,700	1,330	2,365
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	10	10	460	80	385
23. English language and literature/letters	15	10	10	1,090	290	800
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	35	15	20	905	285	620
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	25	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	310	190	120
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	10	125	75	55
54. History	10	10	10	620	380	240
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	155	25	130
Social and behavioural sciences and law	160	60	100	9,540	3,235	6,305
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	130	25	110
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	15	1,425	505	920
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	50	10	35	920	75	845
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10	1,650	550	1,100
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	140	35	110
42. Psychology	20	0	15	1,415	290	1,125
45. Social sciences	45	20	20	3,860	1,760	2,100
Business, management and public administration	520	100	420	14,455	6,515	7,935
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	15	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0	65	950	185	770
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	450	100	355	13,485	6,320	7,165
Physical and life sciences and technologies	65	35	35	2,345	1,065	1,280
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	10	10	1,040	355	685
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	15	15	505	225	275
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	75	25	45
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	645	415	230
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10	75	40	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	25	15	2,965	1,980	985
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	25	15	2,275	1,635	640
25. Library science	0	0	0	110	15	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	510	280	230
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	65	45	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	590	530	60	9,105	7,595	1,505
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	10	745	500	250
14. Engineering	40	35	0	3,900	2,925	975
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	90	70	20	1,530	1,380	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	215	205	15	1,300	1,255	40
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	190	175	15	1,135	1,100	30
48. Precision production	50	50	10	490	435	55
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	65	25	675	275	400
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	375	145	225
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	60	20	300	130	175
Health and related fields	265	45	215	5,940	1,430	4,510
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	25	10	15	675	295	380
51. Health professions and related programs	240	35	200	5,060	1,045	4,020
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	205	95	110
Personal, protective and transportation services	260	175	85	2,415	1,290	1,130
12. Personal and culinary services	80	25	55	1,305	420	885
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	25	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	35	20	15	690	485	205
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	130	10	390	355	35
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,495	2,795	2,695	110,720	53,050	57,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,615	1,350	1,260	39,555	19,305	20,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,880	1,440	1,435	71,165	33,750	37,420
Location of study inside Canada	2,690	1,370	1,325	52,310	24,465	27,845
Same as province or territory of residence	915	445	470	47,935	22,330	25,605
Different than province or territory of residence	1,775	925	855	4,375	2,135	2,240
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	185	75	110	18,855	9,280	9,575
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	20	30	2,215	1,240	980
Philippines	55	20	40	1,460	460	995
India	0	0	0	1,480	745	735
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	15	0	1,290	760	535
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	565	235	330
France	0	0	0	165	90	75
Other	50	20	25	11,680	5,755	5,925
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,805	1,910	1,905	77,855	37,810	40,050
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,460	760	700	20,395	10,875	9,525
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,350	1,145	1,205	57,460	26,940	30,525
Location of study inside Canada	2,210	1,095	1,115	42,735	19,835	22,905
Same as province or territory of residence	765	355	405	39,215	18,105	21,110
Different than province or territory of residence	1,450	735	710	3,525	1,735	1,795
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	140	55	85	14,720	7,105	7,620
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	15	20	1,745	975	770
Philippines	45	15	35	1,210	385	825
India	0	0	0	1,320	645	675
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	750	435	315
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	470	205	265
France	0	0	0	145	75	70
Other	40	10	25	9,080	4,390	4,685
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	5,495	2,795	2,700	110,715	53,055	57,665
In the labour force	3,800	2,000	1,800	76,150	38,740	37,415
Employed	3,390	1,730	1,655	70,985	36,320	34,665
Unemployed	415	270	145	5,165	2,415	2,745
Not in the labour force	1,695	795	900	34,565	14,315	20,255
Participation rate	69.2	71.6	66.7	68.8	73.0	64.9
Employment rate	61.7	61.9	61.3	64.1	68.5	60.1
Unemployment rate	10.9	13.5	8.1	6.8	6.2	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	5,495	2,795	2,700	110,720	53,055	57,665
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,435	685	755	32,755	13,530	19,225
Worked	4,055	2,115	1,945	77,965	39,520	38,445
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,250	1,195	1,050	42,235	23,000	19,235
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,805	915	890	35,730	16,525	19,210
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	41.7	41.4	43.3	43.9	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	3,800	2,000	1,800	76,150	38,735	37,415
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	55	35	1,730	725	1,005
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	3,715	1,945	1,765	74,420	38,010	36,405
Employee	3,475	1,805	1,675	64,625	31,915	32,715
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	240	145	90	9,790	6,100	3,695
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	3,800	2,000	1,800	76,150	38,740	37,410
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	55	35	1,730	725	1,005
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	3,710	1,945	1,765	74,420	38,015	36,405
0 Management occupations	455	260	195	11,050	6,135	4,915
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	600	155	440	13,795	5,035	8,760
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	160	130	30	6,220	4,650	1,570
3 Health occupations	195	30	170	3,910	960	2,955
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	645	215	425	8,945	2,890	6,055
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	85	40	45	3,850	1,815	2,035
6 Sales and service occupations	655	270	385	16,615	7,805	8,815
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	750	700	55	7,555	7,090	470
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	110	100	15	520	435	90
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	60	50	10	1,960	1,215	745
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	3,800	2,000	1,800	76,155	38,740	37,410
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	90	55	35	1,730	725	1,005
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	3,710	1,945	1,765	74,420	38,010	36,410
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	45	40	10	155	90	65
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	245	200	45	140	80	55
22 Utilities	105	70	35	335	240	95
23 Construction	320	275	40	4,900	4,320	570
31-33 Manufacturing	55	40	15	5,180	3,445	1,740
41 Wholesale trade	65	45	20	3,550	2,055	1,495
44-45 Retail trade	460	225	230	7,150	3,255	3,895
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	180	135	50	3,800	2,615	1,185
51 Information and cultural industries	45	25	25	2,995	1,695	1,300
52 Finance and insurance	30	10	25	5,995	2,935	3,065
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	55	35	20	2,280	1,180	1,100
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	70	35	35	9,430	5,035	4,400
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	220	85	135
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	65	45	25	3,690	2,090	1,600
61 Educational services	340	110	230	5,650	1,820	3,825
62 Health care and social assistance	415	70	345	6,520	1,430	5,085
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	50	35	1,675	885	790
72 Accommodation and food services	155	50	105	4,360	1,950	2,410
81 Other services (except public administration)	110	60	50	3,050	1,145	1,900
91 Public administration	850	420	430	3,360	1,645	1,710
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	3,390	1,730	1,655	70,990	36,320	34,665
Worked at home	155	75	80	5,750	2,900	2,850
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	350	215	130
No fixed workplace address	240	195	50	8,420	6,040	2,375
Worked at usual place	2,990	1,460	1,530	56,470	27,165	29,305
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,990	1,465	1,525	56,465	27,165	29,305
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	2,675	1,255	1,420	40,790	18,455	22,335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	50	20	25	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	240	170	70	15,535	8,655	6,880
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	150	60	85
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	3,230	1,655	1,575	64,890	33,210	31,680
Car, truck, van - as a driver	2,180	1,095	1,090	37,725	21,950	15,780
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	205	75	130	2,735	980	1,760
Public transit	15	15	10	20,520	8,285	12,235
Walked	560	265	295	2,230	970	1,260
Bicycle	40	30	10	965	670	290
Other method	225	170	55	710	350	365
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	3,230	1,655	1,575	64,890	33,210	31,680
Less than 15 minutes	2,630	1,325	1,305	7,890	3,930	3,960
15 to 29 minutes	345	155	190	16,475	8,655	7,825
30 to 44 minutes	75	35	40	19,105	10,230	8,870
45 to 59 minutes	10	10	10	11,370	5,565	5,805
60 minutes and over	170	135	35	10,045	4,830	5,215
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	3,230	1,655	1,580	64,885	33,205	31,680
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	125	95	30	3,220	2,320	905
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	310	220	95	9,150	5,700	3,455
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	830	515	320	19,065	9,240	9,825
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,295	520	770	16,380	7,455	8,925
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	295	130	165	8,190	3,830	4,355
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	365	175	190	8,890	4,665	4,220
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	4,130	2,140	1,985	80,075	40,580	39,500
Single responses	4,115	2,135	1,980	78,550	39,820	38,725
Official languages	4,075	2,115	1,960	77,415	39,275	38,140
English	4,050	2,105	1,940	77,125	39,190	37,935
French	30	15	20	285	80	205
Non-official languages	35	20	15	1,135	550	590
Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	1,140	545	590
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	20	10	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	810	380	430
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	485	235	250
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	15
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	15
Slavic languages	0	0	0	475	240	240
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	185	90	90
Russian	0	0	0	85	45	45
Serbian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	155	70	80
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	245	105	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	120	55	65
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	105	40	70
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	50	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	0	135	70	65
Chinese languages	10	10	0	115	55	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	55	35	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	50	20	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	0	10	1,530	755	770
English and French	10	0	0	430	185	250
English and non-official language	10	0	0	1,065	555	510
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	4,130	2,140	1,990	80,075	40,580	39,500
None	3,885	2,040	1,855	74,015	37,740	36,275
English	40	20	20	810	365	445
French	65	25	40	1,790	770	1,020
Non-official language	130	55	75	3,335	1,660	1,680
Aboriginal	115	50	65	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15	10	10	3,335	1,655	1,680
English and French	0	0	0	10	10	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	105	45	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	6,770	3,445	3,325	126,030	60,850	65,175
Non-movers	5,810	2,960	2,855	106,700	51,295	55,400
Movers	955	485	470	19,325	9,555	9,775
Non-migrants	480	245	235	12,240	5,955	6,285
Migrants	475	240	235	7,090	3,595	3,490
Internal migrants	450	235	220	5,040	2,555	2,490
Intraprovincial migrants	185	85	95	4,305	2,155	2,155
Interprovincial migrants	270	145	125	735	395	340
External migrants	20	10	20	2,045	1,045	1,000
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	6,405	3,265	3,140	121,110	58,320	62,800
Non-movers	3,885	2,010	1,880	68,795	32,840	35,955
Movers	2,515	1,265	1,260	52,315	25,475	26,840
Non-migrants	1,295	660	640	31,230	15,085	16,140
Migrants	1,225	605	620	21,085	10,385	10,700
Internal migrants	1,180	585	595	13,360	6,660	6,700
Intraprovincial migrants	450	225	225	11,180	5,515	5,665
Interprovincial migrants	730	360	365	2,180	1,145	1,035
External migrants	45	20	25	7,725	3,725	4,000

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Region 5, REG [Census division], Northwest Territories and Etobicoke--Lakeshore [Federal electoral district], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Region 5, Region [Census division], Northwest Territories and Etobicoke--Lakeshore [Federal electoral district], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Region 5, Region [Census division], Northwest Territories and Etobicoke--Lakeshore [Federal electoral district], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Region 5, Region [Census division], Northwest Territories and Etobicoke--Lakeshore [Federal electoral district], Ontario