Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nunavut [Territory] and Hope, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Nunavut [Territory]			Hope, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Nunavut [Territory] Map : Nunavut [Territory] Change geography 1			Data quality : Hope, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	35,944	...	...	6,181	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	31,906	...	...	5,969	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	12.7	...	...	3.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	11,433	...	...	3,123	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	9,819	...	...	2,872	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.0	...	...	151.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,877,778.53	...	...	40.95	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	35,945	18,390	17,550	6,180	3,065	3,115
0 to 14 years	11,685	5,975	5,710	720	395	325
0 to 4 years	4,155	2,130	2,025	205	120	85
5 to 9 years	4,120	2,130	1,985	240	120	120
10 to 14 years	3,415	1,720	1,700	275	160	120
15 to 64 years	22,895	11,710	11,190	3,665	1,795	1,875
15 to 19 years	3,140	1,600	1,535	270	135	140
20 to 24 years	3,045	1,535	1,510	265	140	125
25 to 29 years	3,185	1,610	1,580	200	100	100
30 to 34 years	2,815	1,390	1,425	225	115	105
35 to 39 years	2,385	1,210	1,180	300	150	150
40 to 44 years	2,030	1,065	965	305	140	165
45 to 49 years	2,065	1,055	1,005	395	200	195
50 to 54 years	1,840	955	890	485	235	255
55 to 59 years	1,405	750	655	600	290	310
60 to 64 years	975	535	440	635	300	330
65 years and over	1,360	710	655	1,795	880	920
65 to 69 years	655	340	310	585	285	305
70 to 74 years	345	180	165	515	255	265
75 to 79 years	205	110	100	315	155	155
80 to 84 years	105	50	50	210	115	100
85 years and over	55	25	25	170	75	95
85 to 89 years	40	20	25	110	60	55
90 to 94 years	10	5	5	45	10	35
95 to 99 years	5	5	5	10	5	10
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	32.5	32.5	32.5	11.7	12.9	10.4
15 to 64 years	63.7	63.7	63.8	59.3	58.6	60.2
65 years and over	3.8	3.9	3.7	29.0	28.7	29.5
85 years and over	0.2	0.1	0.1	2.8	2.4	3.0
Average age of the population	27.7	27.8	27.5	49.3	48.5	50.2
Median age of the population	25.1	25.2	25.1	54.5	53.7	55.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	9,820	...	...	2,870	...	...
Single-detached house	4,355	...	...	2,125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	110	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,335	...	...	535	...	...
Semi-detached house	875	...	...	100	...	...
Row house	2,960	...	...	130	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	175	...	...	25	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,300	...	...	285	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	20	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	9,820	...	...	2,870	...	...
1 person	1,855	...	...	950	...	...
2 persons	1,890	...	...	1,250	...	...
3 persons	1,495	...	...	315	...	...
4 persons	1,545	...	...	200	...	...
5 or more persons	3,030	...	...	155	...	...
Number of persons in private households	35,580	...	...	6,065	...	...
Average household size	3.6	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	24,260	12,415	11,840	5,460	2,670	2,790
Married or living common law	12,895	6,480	6,420	3,135	1,560	1,570
Married	6,625	3,350	3,280	2,550	1,275	1,280
Living common law	6,270	3,130	3,140	580	290	295
Not married and not living common law	11,360	5,935	5,425	2,330	1,110	1,220
Never married	9,790	5,345	4,450	1,140	655	480
Separated	405	185	215	265	115	145
Divorced	440	190	255	470	220	250
Widowed	720	220	505	455	120	335
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,780	...	...	1,840	...	...
2 persons	2,825	...	...	1,285	...	...
3 persons	2,145	...	...	280	...	...
4 persons	1,690	...	...	170	...	...
5 or more persons	2,115	...	...	100	...	...
Average size of census families	3.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,780	...	...	1,840	...	...
Total couple families	6,225	...	...	1,535	...	...
Married couples	3,095	...	...	1,240	...	...
Common-law couples	3,135	...	...	290	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,550	...	...	305	...	...
Female parent	1,820	...	...	230	...	...
Male parent	735	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	6,230	...	...	1,535	...	...
Couples without children	1,465	...	...	1,080	...	...
Couples with children	4,760	...	...	460	...	...
1 child	1,440	...	...	210	...	...
2 children	1,400	...	...	160	...	...
3 or more children	1,920	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,555	...	...	305	...	...
1 child	1,360	...	...	205	...	...
2 children	700	...	...	70	...	...
3 or more children	485	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,475	2,555	1,915	1,415	700	720
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	9,820	...	...	2,875	...	...
One-census-family households	6,355	...	...	1,740	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,065	...	...	1,035	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,290	...	...	700	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,140	...	...	55	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,320	...	...	1,080	...	...
One-person households	1,855	...	...	945	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	470	...	...	135	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	35,690	18,200	17,490	6,180	3,065	3,115
English only	32,065	16,345	15,715	5,930	2,960	2,975
French only	60	35	20	5	0	0
English and French	1,525	795	725	225	100	125
Neither English nor French	2,045	1,025	1,025	15	5	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	35,690	18,200	17,490	6,180	3,070	3,115
English	32,990	16,795	16,195	6,070	3,020	3,055
French	580	340	240	80	40	40
English and French	90	50	40	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	2,025	1,015	1,015	15	10	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	625	365	260	90	45	40
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.8	2.0	1.5	1.5	1.5	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	35,695	18,200	17,490	6,180	3,065	3,115
Single responses	34,960	17,830	17,130	6,110	3,035	3,070
Official languages	11,615	6,085	5,530	5,495	2,750	2,740
English	11,020	5,740	5,280	5,400	2,700	2,700
French	595	350	240	95	45	45
Non-official languages	23,345	11,740	11,605	615	285	330
Aboriginal languages	22,610	11,360	11,250	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	22,600	11,355	11,245	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	495	220	275	0	0	0
Inuktitut	22,070	11,125	10,945	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	735	380	350	610	280	330
Afro-Asiatic languages	75	60	20	5	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	60	45	15	5	5	5
Amharic	20	10	5	0	0	0
Arabic	40	30	10	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	65	105	50	15	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	5	10	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	50	80	40	10	30
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	270	145	120	415	200	215
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	40	30	15	70	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	30	15	70	30	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	15	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	15	0	15	5	10
Russian	10	5	5	10	10	5
Serbian	5	0	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	5	5	5	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	40	30	215	105	110
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	5	5	0	5	5	5
Dutch	15	5	5	55	25	30
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	35	20	15	135	65	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	85	45	45	45	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	80	40	35	40	15	20
Bengali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	5	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	30	15	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	30	30	75	40	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	5	25	15	10
Portuguese	5	5	0	15	5	10
Romanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Spanish	45	20	25	35	15	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	5	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	5	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	75	50	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	15	15	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	30	45	20	25
Chinese languages	50	20	30	45	15	25
Cantonese	15	5	10	15	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	10	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	15	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	5	5	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	5	30	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	5	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	0	20	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	735	370	365	70	35	35
English and French	25	10	15	15	0	10
English and non-official language	685	355	335	55	30	25
French and non-official language	10	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	35,695	18,200	17,490	6,175	3,070	3,115
Single responses	35,085	17,895	17,185	6,060	3,010	3,050
Official languages	17,030	8,660	8,370	5,910	2,945	2,965
English	16,685	8,470	8,215	5,900	2,945	2,955
French	345	190	155	10	0	5
Non-official languages	18,055	9,240	8,815	155	65	90
Aboriginal languages	17,735	9,070	8,665	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	17,735	9,070	8,665	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	110	45	60	0	0	0
Inuktitut	17,600	9,015	8,590	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	320	165	150	155	65	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	20	15	0	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	10	5	5	0
Amharic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	5	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	55	60	15	5	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	55	60	15	5	10
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	50	35	80	35	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	5	10	0	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	5	5	0
Russian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	25	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	5	0	15	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	45	25	20	35	10	20
Indo-Aryan languages	45	25	20	30	10	20
Bengali	20	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	25	10	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	15	10	10	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Romanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	5	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	15	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	5	10	15	10	10
Chinese languages	15	5	10	20	10	10
Cantonese	5	0	5	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	5	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	610	305	305	115	55	60
English and French	20	10	10	5	0	5
English and non-official language	585	290	295	105	55	55
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	35,690	18,205	17,490	6,180	3,070	3,110
None	17,430	8,995	8,435	5,900	2,945	2,955
English	9,555	4,885	4,670	65	35	35
French	240	130	110	35	15	25
Non-official language	8,425	4,175	4,250	165	70	95
Aboriginal	7,990	3,960	4,025	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	435	215	220	160	65	95
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	5	10	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	23,930	12,180	11,755	5,350	2,620	2,735
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,435	11,345	11,090	5,190	2,560	2,635
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,743	28,817	30,326	26,471	33,024	22,131
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,435	11,345	11,090	5,200	2,565	2,635
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,635	27,517	29,403	24,743	29,547	21,362
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	19,220	9,910	9,315	4,340	2,185	2,155
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,583	31,667	29,517	22,409	29,888	18,656
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	21,890	11,040	10,840	4,125	1,935	2,190
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,524	1,275	4,682	10,503	11,382	9,677
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,590	9,605	8,985	3,250	1,670	1,580
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,724	30,603	28,640	23,014	31,680	18,859
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	23,935	12,175	11,755	5,385	2,650	2,740
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,435	11,345	11,090	5,230	2,605	2,625
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,689	50,882	50,492	36,167	44,052	28,342
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,435	11,345	11,090	5,235	2,610	2,630
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,247	42,937	43,564	31,266	37,066	25,501
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	19,225	9,905	9,310	4,355	2,230	2,125
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,115	53,453	50,693	34,023	42,477	25,152
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,885	11,045	10,845	4,180	1,975	2,200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,191	4,314	8,103	9,798	10,116	9,512
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,590	9,605	8,980	3,340	1,760	1,580
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,195	52,454	49,849	33,144	40,292	25,183
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	23,930	12,175	11,755	5,385	2,645	2,740
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	7,580	3,925	3,655	1,205	680	525
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	90,230	88,548	91,332	46,001	52,972	40,635
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	88,321	89,311	87,259	52,033	59,074	42,961
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.1	91.8	84.3	78.2	81.4	73.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	83.7	87.2	80.0	58.7	62.5	52.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.9	8.3	15.7	21.8	18.3	27.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	23,930	12,180	11,755	5,350	2,615	2,730
Without total income	1,495	830	665	160	55	100
With total income	22,435	11,345	11,095	5,195	2,560	2,635
Percentage with total income	93.8	93.1	94.4	97.1	97.9	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,320	3,165	2,155	760	295	465
$10,000 to $19,999	3,350	1,480	1,870	1,225	505	715
$20,000 to $29,999	2,610	1,135	1,475	890	395	495
$30,000 to $39,999	1,810	840	965	625	275	345
$40,000 to $49,999	1,190	575	610	480	245	235
$50,000 to $59,999	810	400	410	345	200	145
$60,000 to $69,999	730	375	360	250	180	65
$70,000 to $79,999	735	370	365	200	155	50
$80,000 to $89,999	820	440	380	130	95	40
$90,000 to $99,999	835	375	460	80	65	20
$100,000 and over	4,230	2,185	2,045	205	155	50
$100,000 to $149,999	3,215	1,570	1,645	135	100	35
$150,000 and over	1,010	615	400	70	55	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	23,930	12,180	11,755	5,350	2,620	2,730
Without after-tax income	1,495	835	665	150	50	95
With after-tax income	22,435	11,345	11,095	5,200	2,565	2,635
Percentage with after-tax income	93.8	93.1	94.4	97.2	97.9	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,335	3,165	2,170	795	315	485
$10,000 to $19,999	3,410	1,530	1,880	1,270	530	740
$20,000 to $29,999	2,825	1,250	1,570	1,020	450	570
$30,000 to $39,999	1,920	915	1,005	690	325	365
$40,000 to $49,999	1,270	605	665	505	285	225
$50,000 to $59,999	980	500	485	330	220	105
$60,000 to $69,999	1,015	505	510	235	190	50
$70,000 to $79,999	1,085	555	530	155	100	55
$80,000 and over	4,595	2,315	2,280	205	150	50
$80,000 to $89,999	1,095	500	590	55	40	15
$90,000 to $99,999	1,025	480	550	40	30	10
$100,000 and over	2,475	1,335	1,145	100	75	25
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	23,930	12,180	11,755	5,350	2,620	2,730
Without employment income	5,340	2,575	2,770	2,100	950	1,150
With employment income	18,590	9,600	8,985	3,250	1,665	1,580
Percentage with employment income	77.7	78.8	76.4	60.7	63.5	57.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,930	1,925	2,000	715	325	385
$5,000 to $9,999	1,800	875	925	270	110	155
$10,000 to $19,999	2,150	1,135	1,015	500	220	280
$20,000 to $29,999	1,440	815	620	385	150	230
$30,000 to $39,999	1,025	580	445	300	140	160
$40,000 to $49,999	815	430	380	295	145	150
$50,000 to $59,999	710	350	360	200	120	80
$60,000 to $69,999	655	355	295	155	120	35
$70,000 to $79,999	680	360	320	120	90	35
$80,000 and over	5,390	2,775	2,615	310	240	65
$80,000 to $89,999	755	410	345	100	75	25
$90,000 to $99,999	805	345	460	55	45	10
$100,000 and over	3,830	2,020	1,810	155	120	30
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	9,820	...	...	2,870	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	97,441	...	...	51,226	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	85,605	...	...	46,234	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,855	...	...	945	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	72,960	...	...	26,240	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	61,184	...	...	24,448	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	7,965	...	...	1,920	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,778	...	...	66,987	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,402	...	...	60,501	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	9,815	...	...	2,875	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	115,823	...	...	65,888	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	98,818	...	...	56,996	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,855	...	...	985	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	79,545	...	...	33,864	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	65,262	...	...	30,027	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	7,965	...	...	1,890	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	124,267	...	...	82,539	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	106,628	...	...	71,019	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	9,820	...	...	2,870	...	...
Under $5,000	105	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	265	...	...	40	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	205	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	235	...	...	205	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	295	...	...	215	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	300	...	...	180	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	325	...	...	185	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	325	...	...	150	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	340	...	...	135	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	305	...	...	130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	550	...	...	280	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	520	...	...	200	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	435	...	...	165	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	415	...	...	165	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	410	...	...	125	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,795	...	...	540	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,070	...	...	205	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	920	...	...	145	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,160	...	...	130	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,645	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,820	...	...	2,875	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	270	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	210	...	...	120	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	240	...	...	215	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	300	...	...	235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	325	...	...	200	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	330	...	...	205	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	350	...	...	170	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	340	...	...	160	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	355	...	...	170	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	615	...	...	270	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	590	...	...	215	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	560	...	...	195	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	575	...	...	140	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	565	...	...	105	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,100	...	...	380	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,200	...	...	190	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	835	...	...	100	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,070	...	...	90	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	7,705	...	...	1,820	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	99,421	...	...	67,123	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,747	...	...	60,496	...	...
Average family size of economic families	4.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,005	...	...	1,010	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	162,304	...	...	62,848	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	136,265	...	...	56,653	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	4,640	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,476	...	...	98,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,481	...	...	84,582	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	5.2	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,700	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,760	...	...	38,656	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,070	...	...	36,608	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	7,705	...	...	1,785	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	121,531	...	...	83,529	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	104,373	...	...	71,673	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,005	...	...	1,025	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	162,943	...	...	81,327	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	134,556	...	...	69,263	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	4,635	...	...	490	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	132,126	...	...	107,710	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,780	...	...	91,833	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,700	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,190	...	...	41,601	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,121	...	...	38,984	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,705	1,580	1,130	1,250	630	625
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	61,995	50,048	78,080	24,064	23,296	24,448
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	54,496	45,227	66,918	23,040	22,656	23,595
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,705	1,585	1,130	1,290	630	660
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	74,013	68,372	81,933	31,054	33,758	28,496
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	61,196	56,528	67,748	27,670	29,561	25,881
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	35,580	18,135	17,440	6,070	3,015	3,050
In the bottom half of the distribution	19,105	9,740	9,360	3,845	1,880	1,965
In the bottom decile	5,315	2,730	2,590	920	460	460
In the second decile	4,460	2,250	2,210	885	425	460
In the third decile	3,725	1,915	1,815	735	335	395
In the fourth decile	2,865	1,470	1,395	640	315	325
In the fifth decile	2,725	1,380	1,355	660	340	325
In the top half of the distribution	16,475	8,390	8,085	2,225	1,135	1,090
In the sixth decile	2,285	1,195	1,085	585	290	290
In the seventh decile	2,420	1,250	1,175	535	280	255
In the eighth decile	2,555	1,290	1,260	430	215	215
In the ninth decile	3,180	1,635	1,550	410	215	195
In the top decile	6,035	3,020	3,015	270	140	130
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	0	0	0	6,065	3,015	3,055
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	880	475	410
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	240	145	100
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	3,450	1,685	1,765
65 years and over	0	0	0	1,735	855	880
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	265	145	120
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	85	50	35
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	740	345	395
65 years and over	0	0	0	345	170	170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	...	...	...	22.3	22.1	22.4
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	30.1	30.5	29.3
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	35.4	34.5	35.0
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	21.4	20.5	22.4
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	19.9	19.9	19.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	0	0	0	515	260	250
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	85	50	35
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	25	20	10
18 to 64 years	0	0	0	390	195	195
65 years and over	0	0	0	40	20	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	...	...	...	8.5	8.6	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	...	...	...	9.7	10.5	8.5
0 to 5 years (%)	...	...	...	10.4	13.8	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	...	...	...	11.3	11.6	11.0
65 years and over (%)	...	...	...	2.3	2.3	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	35,580	18,135	17,445	6,065	3,015	3,050
Official languages	33,535	17,120	16,420	6,030	3,005	3,025
English	33,485	17,080	16,400	6,030	3,005	3,025
French	1,565	820	745	225	100	125
Non-official languages	28,440	14,375	14,065	875	410	465
Aboriginal languages	27,345	13,815	13,530	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	27,320	13,805	13,520	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	1,135	525	615	0	0	0
Inuktitut	26,215	13,305	12,910	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,235	625	605	870	410	460
Afro-Asiatic languages	120	80	40	20	10	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	15	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	60	30	25	10	15
Amharic	20	20	0	0	0	0
Arabic	55	45	20	20	0	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	10	0	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	215	80	130	55	20	35
Bikol	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	200	80	125	55	20	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	0	10	0	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	565	290	275	610	305	300
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	40	35	65	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	75	45	35	65	30	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	10	0	10	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	10	0	0	10
Russian	35	15	20	25	10	10
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	25	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	150	70	75	250	140	110
Afrikaans	15	10	10	10	10	0
Danish	15	0	0	15	10	10
Dutch	15	0	10	60	30	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	105	50	55	165	100	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Swedish	10	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	0	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	100	55	45	130	55	80
Indo-Aryan languages	95	50	40	130	55	75
Bengali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	10	35	15	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	90	35	55
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	25	10	20
Iranian languages	10	10	0	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	255	125	130	165	80	85
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	20	20	65	35	25
Portuguese	10	10	0	20	10	10
Romanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	210	105	105	85	35	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	25	20	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	25	10	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	110	70	40	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	20	15	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	15	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	50	35	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	135	60	75	15	0	10
American Sign Language	70	35	40	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	40	40	95	40	50
Chinese languages	75	40	40	95	40	50
Cantonese	25	10	15	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	15	50	25	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	10	30	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	35	15	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	10	30	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	35,580	18,140	17,440	6,065	3,015	3,050
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	35,285	17,990	17,290	5,825	2,910	2,915
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,480	6,915	6,560	785	420	370
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,805	11,080	10,725	5,035	2,490	2,545
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	300	145	155	245	110	135
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	35,580	18,140	17,445	6,065	3,020	3,050
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	34,600	17,630	16,980	5,080	2,570	2,505
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	915	485	435	935	415	520
Before 1981	155	95	55	530	245	285
1981 to 1990	100	60	40	120	50	70
1991 to 2000	160	85	75	130	55	80
2001 to 2010	335	170	165	95	40	60
2001 to 2005	165	90	70	10	10	0
2006 to 2010	175	80	95	90	35	55
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	165	75	90	55	25	35
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	55	25	35	55	30	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	920	485	430	935	415	520
Under 5 years	100	50	55	125	50	80
5 to 14 years	160	95	65	195	110	85
15 to 24 years	165	85	75	210	75	130
25 to 44 years	435	225	215	345	160	185
45 years and over	55	35	25	60	20	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	920	485	430	935	415	520
Americas	160	75	85	145	60	90
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	10	15	10	0	10
Mexico	0	10	0	0	10	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	30	35	85	25	60
Other places of birth in Americas	45	25	25	35	15	20
Europe	195	120	70	515	250	265
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	10	10	0	0
Germany	25	15	10	80	55	30
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	10	0	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	15
Italy	10	0	10	15	10	0
Netherlands	10	0	0	75	35	40
Poland	15	10	0	10	10	0
Portugal	0	10	0	10	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	80	50	30	210	105	110
Other places of birth in Europe	30	15	10	80	35	45
Africa	190	110	80	25	15	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ethiopia	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	10	0	0	10
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	10	15	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	105	60	40	0	0	0
Asia	370	175	195	225	85	140
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	10	10	30	15	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	30	15	15	60	25	30
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	15	0	10
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	15	15	20	10	15
Philippines	185	75	110	55	20	40
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	20	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	10	15	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	165	75	90	50	25	30
Americas	35	15	15	20	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	0	10	15	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	0	10	0
Europe	10	0	10	10	0	0
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	45	25	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	75	30	45	30	10	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	20	10	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	50	20	30	15	10	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	35,580	18,135	17,440	6,070	3,020	3,045
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,025	530	495	1,015	460	555
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	925	480	445	1,340	680	655
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	33,630	17,125	16,500	3,710	1,875	1,835
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	770	390	380	415	170	245
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	430	210	220	245	110	135
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	230	115	115	125	70	55
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	195	90	110	120	40	85
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	235	115	120	155	55	100
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	105	65	35	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	35,580	18,140	17,445	6,065	3,015	3,050
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	30,555	15,415	15,140	645	290	350
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	30,495	15,385	15,105	645	290	350
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	190	90	100	445	205	245
Métis	165	85	75	195	85	105
Inuk (Inuit)	30,135	15,205	14,925	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	55	20	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,025	2,725	2,300	5,425	2,725	2,700
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	35,580	18,140	17,440	6,065	3,020	3,050
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	165	75	90	275	130	145
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	35,410	18,060	17,355	5,790	2,885	2,905
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	35,580	18,135	17,445	6,065	3,020	3,045
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	25,215	12,745	12,470	170	75	95
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	25,025	12,665	12,365	170	70	95
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	100	50	55	125	50	80
Métis single ancestry	40	15	25	40	20	20
Inuit single ancestry	24,890	12,600	12,290	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	190	85	110	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	165	70	95	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,205	2,595	2,610	415	185	230
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,985	2,495	2,495	415	185	225
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	255	140	120	300	130	160
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	40	25	115	50	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,665	2,315	2,355	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	215	100	115	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	160	75	85	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	25	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	5,160	2,795	2,365	5,480	2,760	2,720
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	35,580	18,135	17,440	6,065	3,020	3,045
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	905	450	460	490	225	270
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	115	60	55	155	65	90
Chinese	75	30	45	85	45	35
Black	330	180	150	10	10	0
Filipino	230	95	135	65	20	40
Latin American	40	20	20	40	25	15
Arab	40	30	10	20	0	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	30	10	15	15	0	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	30	10	20
Japanese	10	0	0	60	40	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	10	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	10	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	34,670	17,685	16,985	5,575	2,795	2,780
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	35,580	18,140	17,445	6,070	3,015	3,045
North American Aboriginal origins	30,420	15,340	15,075	585	260	325
First Nations (North American Indian)	690	345	350	425	185	245
Inuit	29,950	15,095	14,855	0	0	0
Métis	185	95	95	160	75	90
Other North American origins	1,815	960	860	1,515	755	760
Acadian	105	50	55	0	0	0
American	230	120	110	150	60	85
Canadian	1,305	685	630	1,405	705	705
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	125	70	50	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	40	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	8,315	4,345	3,975	4,825	2,445	2,380
British Isles origins	5,815	3,015	2,790	3,170	1,635	1,540
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,625	825	800	1,905	920	990
Irish	1,745	895	850	1,230	595	640
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,265	1,695	1,575	1,415	740	670
Welsh	160	85	80	140	75	70
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	355	200	150	135	75	60
French origins	1,485	785	700	730	410	325
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,475	780	695	730	405	325
Western European origins (except French origins)	975	470	505	1,590	835	750
Austrian	35	25	15	85	60	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	30	20	15	0	10	0
Dutch	190	90	105	445	195	250
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
German	745	355	390	1,085	575	505
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	20	0	10	45	25	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	0	0	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	675	335	340	710	360	350
Danish	290	145	150	90	35	50
Finnish	50	25	25	70	35	30
Icelandic	30	10	25	100	35	65
Norwegian	145	70	80	185	105	85
Swedish	115	65	55	295	155	135
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	85	45	40	15	20	0
Eastern European origins	515	260	255	790	410	380
Bulgarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	45	20	25	80	35	45
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	145	90	55	140	90	55
Romanian	20	10	15	30	15	15
Russian	100	60	40	205	115	90
Slovak	15	10	0	30	15	20
Ukrainian	190	90	100	450	210	240
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	420	215	205	465	220	240
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	10	0	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	0	10	10	0
Italian	175	95	85	250	110	145
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	115	60	55	55	35	20
Serbian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	75	35	40	175	95	75
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	345	190	155	45	30	20
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	30	20	15	40	25	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	305	170	140	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	95	50	45	10	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	40	20	20	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	65	30	35	65	40	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	10	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexican	10	10	0	40	20	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	465	255	210	45	20	25
Central and West African origins	65	35	30	0	0	0
Akan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	0	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	30	15	10	25	10	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber	0	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	15	0	10	20	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	80	60	25	10	0	10
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	10	0	0	0	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	10	10	0	0
Other African origins	285	145	140	15	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	50	25	25	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	240	120	120	10	0	0
Asian origins	615	280	335	485	230	255
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	100	60	40	40	10	30
Afghan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	40	20	15	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	30	10	25
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	130	65	65	145	70	75
Bangladeshi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	65	35	35	135	70	65
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	0	0	10	0	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	385	155	225	305	145	160
Burmese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	115	50	70	140	70	65
Filipino	245	100	145	70	25	45
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	65	50	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	30	10	25
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	15	0	0	35	15	15
Australian	10	0	0	25	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	10	10	10	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	9,820	...	...	2,875	...	...
Owner	1,960	...	...	2,160	...	...
Renter	7,860	...	...	710	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	9,820	...	...	2,870	...	...
Condominium	265	...	...	210	...	...
Not condominium	9,555	...	...	2,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	9,820	...	...	2,870	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,365	...	...	240	...	...
2 bedrooms	3,835	...	...	970	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,100	...	...	885	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,495	...	...	765	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	9,820	...	...	2,875	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	4,865	...	...	665	...	...
5 rooms	2,515	...	...	550	...	...
6 rooms	1,435	...	...	365	...	...
7 rooms	625	...	...	395	...	...
8 or more rooms	380	...	...	890	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.6	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	9,820	...	...	2,875	...	...
One person or fewer per room	7,650	...	...	2,850	...	...
More than 1 person per room	2,170	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	9,815	...	...	2,870	...	...
Suitable	6,785	...	...	2,805	...	...
Not suitable	3,035	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	9,820	...	...	2,870	...	...
1960 or before	170	...	...	575	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,150	...	...	1,030	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,995	...	...	425	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,095	...	...	465	...	...
2001 to 2005	860	...	...	130	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,285	...	...	165	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,260	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	9,820	...	...	2,870	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,255	...	...	2,590	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,560	...	...	280	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	9,820	...	...	2,870	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,830	...	...	1,920	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,780	...	...	900	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	205	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	9,820	...	...	2,870	...	...
15 to 24 years	400	...	...	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,480	...	...	145	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,370	...	...	265	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,285	...	...	530	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,460	...	...	740	...	...
65 to 74 years	610	...	...	700	...	...
75 to 84 years	180	...	...	350	...	...
85 years and over	30	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	9,810	...	...	2,860	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	9,240	...	...	2,135	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	570	...	...	720	...	...
30% to less than 100%	465	...	...	645	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,955	...	...	2,145	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.2	...	...	50.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	7.9	...	...	18.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,497	...	...	601	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,700	...	...	870	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,924	...	...	286,178	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	352,070	...	...	299,676	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,860	...	...	715	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	83.5	...	...	9.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	5.2	...	...	45.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	281	...	...	802	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	736	...	...	848	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	23,935	12,175	11,755	5,385	2,650	2,740
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,140	6,175	5,960	1,270	610	665
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,615	1,825	1,785	1,585	740	850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,175	4,170	4,010	2,520	1,300	1,220
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,840	1,450	385	740	545	195
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,140	835	305	325	195	135
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	695	615	80	415	350	65
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,580	1,530	2,050	1,005	440	560
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	215	95	125	220	70	150
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,545	1,095	1,445	560	245	310
Bachelor's degree	1,680	710	970	360	160	205
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	45	45	85	35	50
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	10	0	0
Master's degree	700	305	395	110	40	65
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	50	25	20	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,485	8,395	8,090	3,150	1,550	1,595
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,750	3,435	3,315	570	295	270
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,405	1,265	1,140	930	440	490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,325	3,690	3,635	1,650	810	835
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,595	1,255	335	470	345	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	995	725	265	220	130	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	600	530	70	245	220	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,185	1,345	1,840	665	290	380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	200	85	115	160	55	100
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,355	1,005	1,345	355	120	235
Bachelor's degree	1,545	645	895	220	75	145
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	40	40	55	15	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	10	15	0	0	0
Master's degree	665	295	375	75	30	50
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	23,930	12,180	11,755	5,385	2,645	2,740
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15,755	8,005	7,745	2,860	1,345	1,515
Education	1,005	290	715	255	45	205
13. Education	1,010	295	715	250	50	205
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	195	110	85	80	30	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	0	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	160	85	75	65	25	45
Humanities	370	155	210	105	50	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	105	15	85	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	60	15	45	25	10	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	75	35	40	25	10	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	40	30	10	30	20	0
54. History	60	40	25	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	10	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,010	320	690	150	55	100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	180	45	135	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	25	25	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	310	20	290	50	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	130	60	70	15	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	60	25	35	35	15	25
45. Social sciences	250	140	110	30	15	15
Business, management and public administration	1,655	555	1,105	380	140	235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	210	55	155	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,445	500	950	350	140	210
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	110	100	50	35	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	30	35	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	35	40	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	10	0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	15	15	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	30	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	175	105	70	50	15	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	140	90	50	30	15	20
25. Library science	10	10	10	15	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,620	1,475	145	735	690	45
04. Architecture and related services	45	30	15	10	10	0
14. Engineering	105	90	15	70	70	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	310	255	50	115	95	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	715	680	40	195	190	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	365	350	15	190	175	20
48. Precision production	75	75	10	155	150	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	155	60	115	60	50
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	10	75	25	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	195	150	50	40	30	10
Health and related fields	750	195	560	415	75	335
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	110	65	40	20	15	0
51. Health professions and related programs	645	125	520	395	60	330
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	980	710	270	200	100	95
12. Personal and culinary services	315	110	205	105	20	80
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	160	130	30	30	15	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	505	465	40	65	60	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,480	8,395	8,090	3,150	1,555	1,595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,155	4,700	4,455	1,500	745	760
Education	905	260	650	120	20	100
13. Education	905	260	650	125	25	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	170	95	75	65	15	50
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	10	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	140	75	70	60	20	45
Humanities	320	130	190	70	35	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	15	75	0	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	60	15	45	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	30	40	25	10	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	25	10	25	20	10
54. History	45	35	20	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	10	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	900	280	615	110	35	75
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	140	40	100	10	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	50	25	25	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	280	20	265	40	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	120	55	65	15	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	55	15	35	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	230	125	105	25	20	10
Business, management and public administration	1,510	495	1,015	250	85	165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	190	50	140	25	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,325	450	875	225	85	140
Physical and life sciences and technologies	185	95	90	20	15	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	65	30	30	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	25	35	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	30	15	15	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	25	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	95	65	40	15	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	135	85	50	30	10	20
25. Library science	10	0	0	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,410	1,285	125	460	415	40
04. Architecture and related services	45	25	15	0	0	0
14. Engineering	100	80	15	40	35	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	275	230	45	75	65	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	635	595	35	135	130	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	305	290	10	125	110	20
48. Precision production	60	60	0	80	75	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	190	140	55	75	45	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	10	40	20	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	175	135	45	30	25	0
Health and related fields	690	180	510	300	55	240
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	100	65	35	20	15	10
51. Health professions and related programs	590	115	480	275	45	235
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	865	625	245	145	70	75
12. Personal and culinary services	280	100	185	80	20	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	140	115	30	25	15	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	445	410	35	40	40	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	23,930	12,175	11,755	5,385	2,645	2,740
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,755	8,005	7,745	2,860	1,345	1,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,175	4,170	4,010	2,525	1,300	1,225
Location of study inside Canada	7,645	3,900	3,745	2,225	1,175	1,055
Same as province or territory of residence	3,330	1,485	1,850	1,740	960	785
Different than province or territory of residence	4,310	2,415	1,895	485	215	275
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	535	270	265	295	130	170
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	60	55	65	30	35
Philippines	135	45	85	35	10	25
India	20	10	10	15	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	70	40	30	60	30	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	10	0	10
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other	180	105	75	110	55	60
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,480	8,395	8,090	3,150	1,555	1,595
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,155	4,700	4,455	1,500	740	760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,325	3,690	3,635	1,650	815	835
Location of study inside Canada	6,840	3,445	3,390	1,480	745	730
Same as province or territory of residence	2,975	1,290	1,680	1,170	615	555
Different than province or territory of residence	3,860	2,150	1,710	305	130	175
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	490	245	240	165	65	105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	105	55	45	65	25	40
Philippines	120	40	80	25	10	10
India	20	10	10	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	35	25	20	15	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	170	95	75	40	0	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	23,935	12,180	11,755	5,385	2,645	2,740
In the labour force	16,340	8,515	7,820	2,760	1,450	1,305
Employed	12,820	6,430	6,395	2,450	1,255	1,195
Unemployed	3,515	2,090	1,425	310	200	105
Not in the labour force	7,590	3,660	3,935	2,625	1,195	1,435
Participation rate	68.3	69.9	66.5	51.3	54.8	47.6
Employment rate	53.6	52.8	54.4	45.5	47.4	43.6
Unemployment rate	21.5	24.5	18.2	11.2	13.8	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	23,935	12,175	11,755	5,385	2,645	2,735
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	7,420	3,600	3,815	2,445	1,080	1,365
Worked	16,515	8,575	7,935	2,935	1,560	1,380
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	7,760	4,035	3,720	1,230	695	540
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	8,755	4,540	4,215	1,705	870	840
Average weeks worked in reference year	38.0	37.6	38.4	40.4	39.2	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	16,335	8,520	7,825	2,760	1,455	1,305
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,385	740	650	90	40	45
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	14,955	7,780	7,170	2,670	1,410	1,265
Employee	14,505	7,485	7,020	2,310	1,180	1,130
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	445	295	150	360	235	130
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	16,340	8,515	7,825	2,760	1,450	1,305
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,390	735	650	85	40	45
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	14,955	7,780	7,170	2,675	1,410	1,265
0 Management occupations	1,400	850	550	285	180	105
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,205	610	1,590	300	70	230
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	455	355	100	95	85	10
3 Health occupations	450	65	385	155	30	125
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,310	1,045	2,265	265	60	205
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	570	285	285	50	15	35
6 Sales and service occupations	3,505	1,690	1,815	785	245	545
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,565	2,435	130	585	570	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	300	275	15	105	105	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	205	165	45	55	45	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	16,340	8,515	7,820	2,760	1,455	1,310
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,385	735	650	90	45	40
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	14,955	7,780	7,175	2,675	1,410	1,260
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	155	145	15	80	65	15
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	595	440	160	55	55	0
22 Utilities	285	240	40	10	10	0
23 Construction	930	815	115	255	245	10
31-33 Manufacturing	150	100	50	150	115	30
41 Wholesale trade	105	80	25	65	50	20
44-45 Retail trade	1,720	835	885	275	110	160
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	795	625	175	185	165	15
51 Information and cultural industries	195	110	85	35	15	15
52 Finance and insurance	115	30	75	60	10	50
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	495	335	165	65	40	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	290	155	135	110	55	50
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	385	245	135	140	85	55
61 Educational services	1,840	520	1,315	185	40	145
62 Health care and social assistance	1,245	220	1,030	250	25	220
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	285	175	110	25	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	565	220	345	460	165	290
81 Other services (except public administration)	460	255	205	105	50	55
91 Public administration	4,345	2,240	2,105	170	80	90
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	12,820	6,425	6,395	2,455	1,255	1,200
Worked at home	385	215	170	185	105	80
Worked outside Canada	10	0	0	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	945	815	135	405	305	100
Worked at usual place	11,485	5,395	6,090	1,855	845	1,015
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	11,485	5,395	6,090	1,855	845	1,010
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	11,050	5,110	5,940	1,240	510	735
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	350	235	120	375	185	200
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	30	20	10	195	125	70
Commute to a different province or territory	50	35	20	45	30	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	12,430	6,210	6,225	2,265	1,145	1,115
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,605	2,135	1,470	1,765	935	835
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,225	1,045	1,175	155	80	75
Public transit	105	50	50	10	0	10
Walked	5,495	2,395	3,100	240	80	155
Bicycle	20	15	10	30	15	15
Other method	995	565	430	60	40	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	12,430	6,210	6,225	2,265	1,145	1,115
Less than 15 minutes	10,585	5,255	5,330	1,310	585	720
15 to 29 minutes	1,330	625	705	255	100	150
30 to 44 minutes	145	60	80	305	165	130
45 to 59 minutes	60	45	20	130	70	60
60 minutes and over	315	230	85	265	220	45
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	12,430	6,210	6,220	2,260	1,150	1,115
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	135	110	25	275	220	55
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	580	425	160	390	245	150
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,060	1,365	690	485	205	280
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,595	2,860	3,735	410	135	270
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,545	765	780	340	125	215
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,510	685	830	360	215	145
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	17,000	8,780	8,215	3,110	1,640	1,470
Single responses	16,715	8,635	8,080	3,105	1,635	1,465
Official languages	12,215	6,465	5,745	3,090	1,635	1,460
English	12,145	6,430	5,710	3,090	1,630	1,460
French	70	40	35	0	0	0
Non-official languages	4,500	2,170	2,330	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	4,475	2,155	2,320	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	4,475	2,160	2,320	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Inuktitut	4,450	2,155	2,300	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	285	145	140	10	0	10
English and French	15	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	270	135	135	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	17,000	8,780	8,220	3,115	1,640	1,470
None	7,360	4,060	3,295	3,030	1,605	1,430
English	3,665	1,705	1,960	10	10	10
French	355	210	140	15	10	10
Non-official language	5,560	2,770	2,785	50	20	25
Aboriginal	5,520	2,760	2,765	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	40	10	25	45	20	30
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	34,880	17,750	17,125	6,020	2,990	3,030
Non-movers	29,485	15,105	14,375	4,955	2,465	2,490
Movers	5,400	2,640	2,750	1,065	525	535
Non-migrants	3,560	1,760	1,800	425	210	215
Migrants	1,835	885	955	640	315	320
Internal migrants	1,785	865	925	610	315	300
Intraprovincial migrants	795	380	415	490	250	235
Interprovincial migrants	990	480	510	120	60	60
External migrants	50	20	30	25	0	20
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	31,435	16,015	15,420	5,835	2,880	2,950
Non-movers	18,455	9,575	8,880	3,300	1,650	1,650
Movers	12,975	6,440	6,535	2,540	1,235	1,300
Non-migrants	8,745	4,355	4,395	955	445	510
Migrants	4,235	2,085	2,150	1,585	785	795
Internal migrants	4,045	2,005	2,040	1,525	770	760
Intraprovincial migrants	1,510	755	755	1,230	600	635
Interprovincial migrants	2,535	1,250	1,285	300	175	130
External migrants	185	80	105	55	20	35

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Nunavut [Territory] and Hope, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed July 4, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nunavut [Territory] and Hope, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Nunavut [Territory] and Hope, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Nunavut [Territory] and Hope, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia