Census Profile, 2016 Census
Medicine Hat [Census agglomeration], Alberta and Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Medicine Hat Alberta [Census agglomeration]			Happy Valley-Goose Bay Newfoundland and Labrador [Population centre]
	Data quality , Medicine Hat [Census agglomeration], Alberta Map : Medicine Hat [Census agglomeration], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	76,522	...	...	6,408	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	72,807	...	...	6,518^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.1	...	...	-1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	33,424	...	...	2,592	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	31,500	...	...	2,434	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.8	...	...	506.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	13,301.54	...	...	12.66	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	76,525	37,675	38,845	6,405	3,160	3,245
0 to 14 years	14,010	7,185	6,825	1,080	520	565
0 to 4 years	4,510	2,335	2,175	370	165	200
5 to 9 years	4,935	2,560	2,370	365	175	185
10 to 14 years	4,570	2,290	2,275	345	170	175
15 to 64 years	49,815	24,770	25,045	4,550	2,280	2,265
15 to 19 years	4,520	2,315	2,205	400	215	185
20 to 24 years	4,295	2,205	2,085	420	215	210
25 to 29 years	4,750	2,345	2,405	460	220	240
30 to 34 years	5,315	2,625	2,685	390	180	215
35 to 39 years	5,240	2,605	2,640	420	200	215
40 to 44 years	4,645	2,345	2,300	470	215	255
45 to 49 years	4,675	2,345	2,335	550	305	250
50 to 54 years	5,375	2,605	2,770	570	300	265
55 to 59 years	5,810	2,870	2,935	480	230	250
60 to 64 years	5,190	2,505	2,685	375	200	175
65 years and over	12,695	5,720	6,975	780	365	415
65 to 69 years	4,075	1,965	2,110	285	135	155
70 to 74 years	2,905	1,345	1,560	240	120	120
75 to 79 years	2,215	1,030	1,185	145	75	70
80 to 84 years	1,670	755	915	65	30	35
85 years and over	1,830	630	1,205	50	10	35
85 to 89 years	1,120	420	695	35	5	25
90 to 94 years	540	180	365	10	5	5
95 to 99 years	165	25	135	0	0	0
100 years and over	10	5	10	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.3	19.1	17.6	16.9	16.5	17.4
15 to 64 years	65.1	65.7	64.5	71.0	72.2	69.8
65 years and over	16.6	15.2	18.0	12.2	11.6	12.8
85 years and over	2.4	1.7	3.1	0.8	0.3	1.1
Average age of the population	40.5	39.5	41.5	39.0	39.0	39.0
Median age of the population	40.1	39.1	41.3	40.3	40.7	39.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	31,500	...	...	2,435	...	...
Single-detached house	21,225	...	...	1,710	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	210	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,955	...	...	720	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,600	...	...	385	...	...
Row house	1,815	...	...	215	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	535	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,970	...	...	80	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,115	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	31,500	...	...	2,430	...	...
1 person	8,685	...	...	465	...	...
2 persons	12,115	...	...	930	...	...
3 persons	4,325	...	...	475	...	...
4 persons	4,135	...	...	395	...	...
5 or more persons	2,235	...	...	175	...	...
Number of persons in private households	74,665	...	...	6,245	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	62,515	30,490	32,020	5,325	2,645	2,680
Married or living common law	38,070	19,015	19,055	3,355	1,670	1,685
Married	31,855	15,920	15,935	2,470	1,235	1,235
Living common law	6,220	3,095	3,125	880	435	445
Not married and not living common law	24,440	11,475	12,960	1,975	975	1,000
Never married	14,490	8,115	6,370	1,445	785	655
Separated	1,595	685	910	75	45	30
Divorced	4,665	1,915	2,750	235	100	135
Widowed	3,695	755	2,935	225	45	175
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	21,955	...	...	1,945	...	...
2 persons	12,095	...	...	1,010	...	...
3 persons	4,145	...	...	465	...	...
4 persons	3,910	...	...	365	...	...
5 or more persons	1,800	...	...	105	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	21,955	...	...	1,945	...	...
Total couple families	18,570	...	...	1,640	...	...
Married couples	15,460	...	...	1,200	...	...
Common-law couples	3,110	...	...	440	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,390	...	...	310	...	...
Female parent	2,665	...	...	230	...	...
Male parent	720	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	18,570	...	...	1,640	...	...
Couples without children	10,105	...	...	810	...	...
Couples with children	8,460	...	...	830	...	...
1 child	3,175	...	...	390	...	...
2 children	3,595	...	...	340	...	...
3 or more children	1,690	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,385	...	...	310	...	...
1 child	1,990	...	...	205	...	...
2 children	975	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more children	430	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	12,685	6,305	6,380	835	395	440
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	31,500	...	...	2,435	...	...
One-census-family households	21,225	...	...	1,815	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,795	...	...	750	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	11,425	...	...	1,065	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	360	...	...	65	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,915	...	...	555	...	...
One-person households	8,685	...	...	465	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,230	...	...	90	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	75,220	37,220	38,000	6,340	3,110	3,235
English only	72,115	35,770	36,345	5,965	2,940	3,020
French only	15	10	5	0	0	0
English and French	2,685	1,265	1,420	365	160	205
Neither English nor French	410	180	235	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	75,220	37,220	38,000	6,340	3,110	3,235
English	74,045	36,640	37,405	6,275	3,070	3,200
French	715	380	335	45	25	25
English and French	65	35	30	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	395	170	225	10	10	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	745	395	350	55	30	25
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.1	0.9	0.9	1.0	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	75,220	37,225	38,000	6,340	3,110	3,235
Single responses	74,610	36,935	37,675	6,270	3,080	3,190
Official languages	68,145	33,835	34,310	5,975	2,935	3,040
English	67,320	33,410	33,910	5,915	2,905	3,015
French	825	425	395	55	25	25
Non-official languages	6,465	3,100	3,365	300	145	150
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	85	25	55
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	45	15	30
Blackfoot	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	15	45	15	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	45	15	30
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	15	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	40	15	20
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	35	15	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,425	3,085	3,340	215	115	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	445	230	210	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	15	10	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	405	210	200	5	5	0
Amharic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	375	190	185	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	45	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	25	30	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	610	265	345	75	35	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	40	10	30	0	0	0
Fijian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	15	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	5	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	530	240	295	70	30	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	0	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	95	50	40	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	25	5	5	0
Tamil	25	10	15	0	0	0
Telugu	10	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,460	2,155	2,310	110	70	40
Albanian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	490	230	260	5	5	5
Baltic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	485	230	260	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	40	50	5	0	0
Russian	65	25	40	5	0	0
Serbian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	125	60	70	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,760	1,335	1,420	25	20	5
Afrikaans	75	35	40	0	0	0
Danish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dutch	220	90	125	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	5	0	0	0
German	2,415	1,175	1,235	20	15	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	15	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	405	200	210	55	35	25
Indo-Aryan languages	380	190	190	60	35	25
Bengali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	30	25	0	0	0
Hindi	45	20	25	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	5	0	0
Nepali	75	35	40	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	5	0	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	105	55	50	20	15	10
Sindhi	10	5	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	60	30	30	5	5	0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	730	355	380	20	15	10
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	40	35	5	5	5
Portuguese	40	20	20	10	5	5
Romanian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	585	280	310	10	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	25	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	25	25	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Dinka	20	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	360	170	185	5	0	5
Chinese languages	340	165	175	5	0	5
Cantonese	175	85	85	0	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	140	65	75	5	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	80	30	45	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	75	30	40	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	55	25	30	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	610	285	325	70	30	40
English and French	130	65	65	10	5	5
English and non-official language	465	210	250	60	20	40
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	75,220	37,220	38,000	6,340	3,105	3,230
Single responses	74,180	36,720	37,455	6,240	3,060	3,175
Official languages	71,495	35,410	36,085	6,100	2,995	3,110
English	71,315	35,325	35,995	6,085	2,990	3,105
French	180	85	90	15	10	5
Non-official languages	2,680	1,315	1,370	135	70	70
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	5	0	20	5	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,680	1,310	1,365	115	65	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	315	155	160	10	5	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	5	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	290	135	155	10	0	5
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	280	130	145	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	275	125	150	35	20	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	260	120	140	35	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	25	30	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tamil	20	5	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,590	795	800	60	40	25
Albanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	50	45	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	100	50	45	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	850	420	430	5	0	0
Afrikaans	35	15	20	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	5	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	785	390	395	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	275	135	140	40	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	255	130	130	40	25	15
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	20	10	0	0	0
Hindi	30	20	10	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	5	0	0	5
Nepali	70	30	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	60	25	35	20	15	5
Sindhi	10	5	5	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	5	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	335	165	170	15	5	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	10	5	0
Romanian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Spanish	300	150	155	0	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	10	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	195	100	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages	190	95	95	0	0	0
Cantonese	95	40	55	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	40	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	30	30	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	60	25	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	5	10	0	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,045	500	540	100	45	55
English and French	60	20	35	5	0	0
English and non-official language	970	470	505	95	40	50
French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	75,220	37,225	37,995	6,340	3,110	3,230
None	71,590	35,500	36,090	6,095	3,000	3,100
English	1,285	610	675	85	40	40
French	530	235	295	45	15	35
Non-official language	1,765	850	920	115	50	55
Aboriginal	15	5	10	45	15	25
Non-Aboriginal	1,750	845	905	70	35	35
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	20	10	5	5	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	60,785	29,850	30,935	5,180	2,540	2,640
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,535	28,785	29,755	5,045	2,490	2,560
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,274	50,214	28,488	46,371	58,176	37,389
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	58,555	28,785	29,770	5,045	2,490	2,560
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,769	43,950	26,591	40,688	49,312	33,429
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,140	27,390	26,750	4,630	2,345	2,280
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,123	48,018	25,653	46,891	59,418	37,589
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,910	14,795	22,125	3,155	1,320	1,835
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,102	8,430	6,296	6,192	6,768	5,755
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,790	23,365	21,425	4,205	2,145	2,060
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,248	48,005	26,428	48,429	62,528	38,997
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	60,785	29,870	30,920	5,160	2,545	2,620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,505	28,730	29,775	5,025	2,480	2,540
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,875	68,022	38,259	56,864	67,759	46,214
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	58,535	28,730	29,805	5,020	2,480	2,540
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,001	55,128	33,275	38,502	53,782	23,566
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,300	27,310	26,990	4,605	2,325	2,280
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,109	66,695	35,338	56,644	67,514	45,572
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,665	14,505	22,160	3,175	1,375	1,795
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,683	9,164	8,367	7,764	8,196	7,433
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,790	23,210	21,580	4,165	2,120	2,050
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,600	62,470	33,685	58,012	68,442	47,205
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	60,785	29,870	30,920	5,160	2,540	2,620
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	19,340	11,180	8,155	2,135	1,110	1,025
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,728	66,518	44,278	65,503	75,031	59,259
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	67,760	80,469	50,343	74,727	85,409	63,157
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.5	92.8	83.8	91.5	93.6	87.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.7	74.3	64.7	84.0	86.2	80.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.5	7.2	16.2	8.6	6.3	12.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	60,785	29,850	30,935	5,180	2,540	2,640
Without total income	2,245	1,070	1,180	130	55	80
With total income	58,540	28,785	29,755	5,045	2,490	2,555
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.4	96.2	97.4	98.0	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,790	2,380	4,410	595	240	350
$10,000 to $19,999	8,385	2,975	5,405	545	205	335
$20,000 to $29,999	9,085	3,345	5,735	580	205	370
$30,000 to $39,999	6,785	2,855	3,930	540	235	305
$40,000 to $49,999	5,800	2,755	3,045	450	190	265
$50,000 to $59,999	4,685	2,540	2,145	410	195	215
$60,000 to $69,999	3,745	2,330	1,420	370	180	190
$70,000 to $79,999	2,910	1,940	975	310	145	160
$80,000 to $89,999	2,145	1,445	705	275	165	110
$90,000 to $99,999	1,780	1,155	625	225	150	80
$100,000 and over	6,420	5,065	1,355	745	575	170
$100,000 to $149,999	4,375	3,305	1,070	575	425	145
$150,000 and over	2,050	1,760	285	175	145	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	60,785	29,850	30,935	5,180	2,545	2,640
Without after-tax income	2,230	1,060	1,165	135	50	80
With after-tax income	58,560	28,790	29,770	5,045	2,485	2,555
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.4	96.2	97.4	97.6	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,010	2,435	4,575	610	245	360
$10,000 to $19,999	8,780	3,105	5,675	595	220	370
$20,000 to $29,999	10,345	3,900	6,445	665	250	415
$30,000 to $39,999	8,065	3,610	4,460	630	280	350
$40,000 to $49,999	6,635	3,485	3,150	600	270	330
$50,000 to $59,999	5,005	3,075	1,925	495	235	260
$60,000 to $69,999	3,600	2,405	1,190	410	220	185
$70,000 to $79,999	2,555	1,675	880	345	220	125
$80,000 and over	6,565	5,095	1,470	700	545	150
$80,000 to $89,999	1,980	1,355	620	205	145	60
$90,000 to $99,999	1,340	1,020	325	190	145	40
$100,000 and over	3,245	2,720	525	310	255	55
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	60,790	29,850	30,935	5,180	2,540	2,640
Without employment income	16,000	6,490	9,510	975	395	580
With employment income	44,790	23,360	21,425	4,205	2,145	2,060
Percentage with employment income	73.7	78.3	69.3	81.2	84.4	78.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,830	2,645	3,190	400	175	225
$5,000 to $9,999	3,365	1,350	2,015	280	110	175
$10,000 to $19,999	5,650	2,235	3,420	375	160	215
$20,000 to $29,999	5,135	1,990	3,140	355	130	220
$30,000 to $39,999	4,505	1,910	2,595	370	165	205
$40,000 to $49,999	4,035	1,915	2,125	390	155	240
$50,000 to $59,999	3,295	1,830	1,465	315	140	175
$60,000 to $69,999	2,690	1,720	975	310	155	150
$70,000 to $79,999	2,120	1,465	660	285	150	135
$80,000 and over	8,160	6,310	1,850	1,120	805	315
$80,000 to $89,999	1,675	1,185	490	270	160	105
$90,000 to $99,999	1,545	990	555	200	130	65
$100,000 and over	4,945	4,140	805	655	510	145
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	31,500	...	...	2,435	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,071	...	...	106,496	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,097	...	...	88,855	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,685	...	...	465	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,499	...	...	42,624	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,008	...	...	36,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	22,810	...	...	1,965	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,831	...	...	124,046	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,380	...	...	101,931	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	31,500	...	...	2,415	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	98,207	...	...	118,172	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,763	...	...	80,013	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,665	...	...	455	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,146	...	...	67,972	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,113	...	...	- 31,015	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	22,835	...	...	1,960	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	116,446	...	...	129,851	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	96,811	...	...	105,844	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	31,500	...	...	2,435	...	...
Under $5,000	355	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	330	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	490	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	905	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,710	...	...	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,100	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,180	...	...	85	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,445	...	...	90	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,315	...	...	60	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,220	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,405	...	...	115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,260	...	...	115	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,990	...	...	135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,880	...	...	125	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,755	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,160	...	...	1,290	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,500	...	...	275	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,585	...	...	300	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,795	...	...	405	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,280	...	...	305	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	31,500	...	...	2,435	...	...
Under $5,000	390	...	...	20	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	330	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	505	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	940	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,830	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,265	...	...	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,420	...	...	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,640	...	...	90	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,520	...	...	70	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,425	...	...	70	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,885	...	...	155	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,570	...	...	145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,370	...	...	160	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,180	...	...	160	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,855	...	...	155	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,365	...	...	1,045	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,490	...	...	370	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,045	...	...	305	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,825	...	...	370	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	21,880	...	...	1,910	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,254	...	...	124,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,976	...	...	101,803	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,695	...	...	720	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,463	...	...	110,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,687	...	...	91,392	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,540	...	...	845	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	121,873	...	...	148,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,028	...	...	123,136	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,205	...	...	275	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,761	...	...	60,672	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,596	...	...	54,528	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	21,855	...	...	1,905	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	116,863	...	...	128,276	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,002	...	...	104,439	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,695	...	...	750	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	114,968	...	...	123,728	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,538	...	...	99,314	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,600	...	...	830	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	139,504	...	...	150,043	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,433	...	...	122,621	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,135	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,355	...	...	78,104	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,233	...	...	65,928	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,560	5,750	5,805	665	325	340
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	34,516	41,062	29,900	38,144	39,936	37,632
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,377	36,043	27,940	34,253	34,560	33,664
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,565	5,715	5,850	705	350	355
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,647	53,160	40,282	58,432	64,695	52,191
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,391	43,597	35,280	0	48,189	- 63,638
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	74,665	36,965	37,705	6,245	3,050	3,195
In the bottom half of the distribution	34,030	15,920	18,110	1,930	885	1,040
In the bottom decile	5,645	2,650	3,000	370	165	205
In the second decile	6,650	2,850	3,805	385	175	210
In the third decile	7,385	3,395	3,990	380	165	215
In the fourth decile	7,060	3,415	3,650	420	200	220
In the fifth decile	7,280	3,615	3,665	385	185	200
In the top half of the distribution	40,640	21,045	19,595	4,315	2,165	2,150
In the sixth decile	7,385	3,770	3,615	485	240	245
In the seventh decile	7,760	3,930	3,830	585	275	310
In the eighth decile	8,110	4,175	3,930	935	460	470
In the ninth decile	8,585	4,485	4,100	1,115	570	545
In the top decile	8,805	4,685	4,125	1,195	620	580
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	74,665	36,965	37,705	6,250	3,055	3,195
0 to 17 years	16,585	8,495	8,090	1,310	650	665
0 to 5 years	5,385	2,775	2,615	430	205	220
18 to 64 years	46,620	23,110	23,515	4,180	2,060	2,120
65 years and over	11,460	5,360	6,100	750	350	405
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	8,300	3,725	4,575	535	235	300
0 to 17 years	2,570	1,345	1,230	175	75	95
0 to 5 years	900	470	430	55	30	30
18 to 64 years	4,655	2,020	2,635	275	130	150
65 years and over	1,070	355	715	80	30	55
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.1	10.1	12.1	8.6	7.7	9.4
0 to 17 years (%)	15.5	15.8	15.2	13.4	11.5	14.3
0 to 5 years (%)	16.7	16.9	16.4	12.8	14.6	13.6
18 to 64 years (%)	10.0	8.7	11.2	6.6	6.3	7.1
65 years and over (%)	9.3	6.6	11.7	10.7	8.6	13.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,445	2,115	2,335	235	110	125
0 to 17 years	1,405	730	670	60	25	35
0 to 5 years	490	255	240	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	2,840	1,300	1,540	160	75	85
65 years and over	205	85	120	15	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.0	5.7	6.2	3.8	3.6	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	8.5	8.6	8.3	4.6	3.8	5.3
0 to 5 years (%)	9.1	9.2	9.2	5.8	7.3	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	6.1	5.6	6.5	3.8	3.6	4.0
65 years and over (%)	1.8	1.6	2.0	2.0	1.4	2.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	74,670	36,965	37,705	6,240	3,040	3,205
Official languages	74,310	36,795	37,520	6,240	3,035	3,205
English	74,300	36,790	37,510	6,240	3,035	3,205
French	2,670	1,285	1,380	335	135	200
Non-official languages	7,435	3,610	3,825	410	190	220
Aboriginal languages	60	20	45	110	30	80
Algonquian languages	55	15	40	35	10	35
Blackfoot	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	30	10	20	35	10	30
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	30	10	25
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	75	25	50
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	55	10	45
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,390	3,600	3,790	300	160	140
Afro-Asiatic languages	435	205	230	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	430	200	225	0	0	0
Amharic	30	20	10	0	0	0
Arabic	380	165	215	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	20	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	70	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	80	45	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	630	265	365	105	45	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	625	265	365	105	45	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	15	10	0	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	120	75	50	0	0	10
Kannada	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	105	65	35	0	0	0
Tamil	45	25	20	10	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,175	2,575	2,605	160	105	55
Albanian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	675	325	350	10	10	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	680	325	350	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	155	75	80	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	45	25	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	50	60	0	0	0
Russian	160	75	85	0	10	0
Serbian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	145	65	80	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,645	1,280	1,360	40	30	20
Afrikaans	155	90	60	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	250	105	150	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,195	1,065	1,130	40	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	70	35	35	0	0	0
Greek	65	35	30	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	420	230	190	75	50	25
Indo-Aryan languages	410	230	185	70	50	25
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	30	20	0	0	0
Hindi	200	105	95	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	20	0	0	10	10
Nepali	60	30	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	140	65	70	50	35	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	10	10	10
Urdu	40	20	20	10	10	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,490	770	720	35	25	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	115	50	70	10	0	0
Portuguese	60	30	30	10	10	0
Romanian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Spanish	1,265	675	590	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	30	45	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	50	20	30	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	155	75	75	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	35	0	25	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	30	25	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Dinka	15	0	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	25	15	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	110	35	75	0	10	10
American Sign Language	40	10	35	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	70	25	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	405	210	195	10	0	10
Chinese languages	400	205	195	15	10	10
Cantonese	165	90	75	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	235	110	125	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	85	35	45	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	35	40	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	74,670	36,965	37,705	6,240	3,040	3,205
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	71,595	35,370	36,225	5,990	2,895	3,095
Canadian citizens aged under 18	15,960	8,175	7,785	1,290	585	705
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	55,635	27,195	28,440	4,700	2,310	2,395
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,075	1,595	1,480	250	145	105
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	74,670	36,965	37,700	6,245	3,040	3,205
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	67,410	33,275	34,135	5,845	2,805	3,045
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	6,320	3,215	3,100	265	170	100
Before 1981	2,015	985	1,025	65	35	30
1981 to 1990	665	340	320	40	30	15
1991 to 2000	820	460	365	35	25	10
2001 to 2010	1,450	735	715	55	30	20
2001 to 2005	685	355	335	30	25	0
2006 to 2010	760	375	385	25	0	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,375	695	680	75	50	25
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	935	470	465	130	65	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	6,325	3,215	3,100	265	170	100
Under 5 years	845	445	400	15	15	0
5 to 14 years	1,255	590	660	40	30	15
15 to 24 years	1,405	660	735	65	25	35
25 to 44 years	2,415	1,305	1,115	130	90	40
45 years and over	405	215	190	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	6,325	3,220	3,105	265	165	95
Americas	1,480	705	775	30	20	15
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	105	55	45	0	0	0
El Salvador	155	85	70	0	0	0
Guyana	15	0	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mexico	400	165	235	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	470	230	240	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	290	150	145	15	0	10
Europe	2,770	1,520	1,250	135	100	45
Bosnia and Herzegovina	145	80	65	0	0	0
Croatia	25	15	15	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	440	255	190	25	15	15
Greece	25	10	10	10	0	0
Hungary	40	25	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Italy	45	25	20	0	0	0
Netherlands	210	85	130	0	0	0
Poland	115	55	60	0	0	0
Portugal	40	15	20	15	15	10
Romania	75	40	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	90	40	50	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,215	725	490	70	50	20
Other places of birth in Europe	200	115	90	0	10	0
Africa	495	255	240	10	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	55	30	25	0	0	0
Ethiopia	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	60	35	25	0	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	150	80	70	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	185	80	100	0	0	0
Asia	1,530	720	810	85	45	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	160	90	70	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	60	25	35	0	0	0
India	225	125	105	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	30	10	15	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	35	15	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	530	220	310	65	40	25
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	15	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	105	45	65	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	75	45	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	200	100	100	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	55	25	30	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,375	695	680	70	45	25
Americas	275	130	150	10	10	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	50	20	25	0	0	0
Cuba	45	20	20	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	70	35	40	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	50	25	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	25	30	10	0	0
Europe	230	155	70	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	90	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	30	25	0	0	0
Africa	85	40	45	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	15	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	15	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	785	375	410	60	40	20
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	40	15	20	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	115	70	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	20	10	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	375	180	200	60	40	20
Saudi Arabia	20	20	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	105	40	70	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	70	35	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	74,670	36,965	37,705	6,240	3,035	3,200
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	7,575	3,875	3,700	400	230	170
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	11,465	5,520	5,940	160	85	75
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	55,635	27,565	28,065	5,680	2,720	2,965
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,415	2,285	2,130	200	130	70
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,995	1,050	940	115	70	45
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	795	540	260	65	35	25
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,195	515	680	55	30	20
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,420	720	705	85	55	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	955	490	465	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	74,665	36,965	37,705	6,240	3,040	3,205
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,680	1,785	1,895	2,965	1,410	1,560
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,635	1,770	1,865	2,905	1,380	1,530
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,250	565	680	140	40	105
Métis	2,355	1,190	1,170	1,130	585	540
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	15	1,640	750	890
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	0	20	50	25	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	15	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	70,985	35,180	35,810	3,275	1,630	1,645
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	74,670	36,965	37,700	6,245	3,035	3,205
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	875	360	510	225	95	135
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	73,795	36,600	37,195	6,015	2,945	3,075
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	74,670	36,965	37,700	6,245	3,040	3,205
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	770	370	395	1,215	590	620
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	760	360	395	1,095	525	570
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	360	140	220	115	35	75
Métis single ancestry	385	215	175	235	115	120
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	750	375	375
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	115	65	50
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	100	60	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,040	1,960	2,080	1,615	750	860
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,865	1,870	1,985	1,370	635	730
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,935	960	980	150	45	105
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,870	900	970	375	195	180
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	20	40	845	395	450
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	175	85	95	245	115	125
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	150	75	75	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	100	55	45
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	15	140	55	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	69,860	34,635	35,220	3,420	1,700	1,720
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	74,670	36,965	37,705	6,240	3,040	3,205
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,495	2,190	2,310	265	145	120
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	690	370	320	80	55	25
Chinese	550	265	285	0	0	10
Black	915	505	415	20	10	0
Filipino	740	320	415	125	55	70
Latin American	660	315	345	15	10	0
Arab	225	95	130	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	270	145	125	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	25	0	0	0
Japanese	125	40	85	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	95	55	40	0	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	140	45	100	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	70,175	34,780	35,395	5,980	2,895	3,080
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	74,670	36,965	37,705	6,240	3,035	3,205
North American Aboriginal origins	4,810	2,330	2,485	2,825	1,345	1,485
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,465	1,180	1,280	390	145	240
Inuit	95	40	60	1,945	950	995
Métis	2,445	1,205	1,245	860	435	425
Other North American origins	21,135	10,460	10,670	2,725	1,270	1,455
Acadian	65	50	15	10	0	0
American	1,350	655	695	30	10	25
Canadian	20,230	10,000	10,235	2,670	1,255	1,415
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	30	20	35	15	20
Nova Scotian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	59,635	29,400	30,230	2,950	1,460	1,495
British Isles origins	33,615	16,415	17,195	2,670	1,295	1,375
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	18,530	9,050	9,475	2,005	995	1,010
Irish	11,695	5,415	6,285	670	275	390
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	14,480	7,115	7,365	580	260	320
Welsh	1,525	705	810	40	20	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,985	905	1,080	60	20	40
French origins	7,590	3,575	4,020	355	160	195
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	7,590	3,575	4,015	355	160	195
Western European origins (except French origins)	31,685	15,585	16,095	170	95	75
Austrian	710	400	315	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	560	280	280	0	0	0
Dutch	3,495	1,780	1,720	40	35	10
Flemish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	28,360	13,885	14,470	140	70	70
Luxembourger	15	10	15	0	0	0
Swiss	385	215	170	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,485	3,510	3,980	70	30	40
Danish	1,035	495	540	0	10	0
Finnish	325	150	180	15	0	10
Icelandic	265	90	180	0	0	0
Norwegian	4,505	2,160	2,345	45	15	25
Swedish	1,780	780	1,000	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	360	190	170	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	14,030	6,915	7,115	55	20	35
Bulgarian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	300	145	155	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	205	95	110	0	0	0
Estonian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,070	490	580	10	10	10
Latvian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Lithuanian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Moldovan	45	30	15	0	0	0
Polish	3,110	1,425	1,685	35	0	25
Romanian	815	390	425	0	0	0
Russian	4,715	2,355	2,360	25	15	15
Slovak	180	80	105	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,635	2,885	2,745	10	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,025	1,605	1,420	125	60	65
Albanian	55	25	35	0	0	0
Bosnian	170	90	80	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	160	85	75	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	175	90	90	10	10	10
Italian	1,510	825	685	45	20	20
Kosovar	15	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	225	110	115	25	15	15
Serbian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	10	0	10
Slovenian	50	40	15	0	0	0
Spanish	585	290	295	35	25	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	105	45	60	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	280	130	150	45	20	20
Basque	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	125	45	85	10	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	120	70	55	35	20	15
Caribbean origins	440	235	210	15	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	115	75	35	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	175	90	90	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	15	30	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	10	0	10	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,095	530	565	15	10	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chilean	140	80	55	0	0	0
Colombian	180	90	85	10	10	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	465	215	250	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	20	10	10	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	125	65	60	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	80	45	30	0	0	0
African origins	935	465	470	10	10	10
Central and West African origins	140	70	70	15	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Liberian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	45	35	15	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	10	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	225	105	125	0	0	0
Algerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	85	25	60	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	105	55	45	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	325	170	155	0	0	0
Afrikaner	15	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	0	0	0	0	0
South African	140	80	60	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	45	20	30	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	290	150	140	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	265	130	140	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,125	1,440	1,680	240	115	125
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	410	200	205	10	0	10
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	45	30	10	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	35	20	10	0	0	0
Israeli	25	20	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	100	35	65	10	10	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	165	75	90	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	785	410	380	80	55	30
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	585	305	280	60	40	20
Goan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepali	60	25	35	0	0	0
Pakistani	30	10	15	10	10	0
Punjabi	35	25	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	15	15	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,950	850	1,100	150	65	85
Burmese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Chinese	760	340	425	15	0	10
Filipino	780	335	445	140	60	75
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	165	45	115	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	55	25	35	0	0	10
Laotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	70	35	40	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	130	60	75	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	150	90	60	10	10	0
Australian	105	60	45	0	0	0
New Zealander	25	20	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	31,500	...	...	2,415	...	...
Owner	23,030	...	...	1,655	...	...
Renter	8,465	...	...	765	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	31,500	...	...	2,415	...	...
Condominium	4,130	...	...	40	...	...
Not condominium	27,365	...	...	2,380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	31,500	...	...	2,415	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,480	...	...	160	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,325	...	...	585	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,215	...	...	1,000	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	11,425	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	31,500	...	...	2,420	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,885	...	...	460	...	...
5 rooms	4,375	...	...	435	...	...
6 rooms	4,250	...	...	355	...	...
7 rooms	4,815	...	...	350	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,175	...	...	815	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	31,500	...	...	2,415	...	...
One person or fewer per room	31,305	...	...	2,380	...	...
More than 1 person per room	200	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	31,500	...	...	2,415	...	...
Suitable	30,875	...	...	2,275	...	...
Not suitable	630	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	31,500	...	...	2,415	...	...
1960 or before	5,780	...	...	360	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,730	...	...	675	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,590	...	...	450	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,355	...	...	515	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,915	...	...	170	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,790	...	...	110	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,345	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	31,500	...	...	2,420	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	29,700	...	...	2,245	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,800	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	31,500	...	...	2,415	...	...
1 household maintainer	19,225	...	...	1,315	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,730	...	...	1,060	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	545	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	31,500	...	...	2,420	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,180	...	...	90	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,920	...	...	305	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,545	...	...	470	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,825	...	...	595	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,435	...	...	510	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,215	...	...	290	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,465	...	...	130	...	...
85 years and over	920	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	30,915	...	...	2,410	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	24,915	...	...	2,130	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,000	...	...	280	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,390	...	...	230	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,560	...	...	1,655	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	58.0	...	...	66.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	12.6	...	...	7.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,001	...	...	1,209	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,112	...	...	1,225	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	285,913	...	...	299,591	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	319,294	...	...	315,849	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,455	...	...	760	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.2	...	...	28.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.8	...	...	19.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	917	...	...	874	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	960	...	...	874	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	60,785	29,870	30,915	5,160	2,540	2,615
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,820	6,685	6,135	1,155	595	565
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,960	9,400	9,555	1,140	500	640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	29,010	13,785	15,225	2,865	1,450	1,415
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,810	5,295	1,515	710	550	160
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,910	1,150	760	375	250	130
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,900	4,145	760	330	295	30
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,495	4,910	8,590	1,360	615	750
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,315	470	850	145	55	90
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,380	3,110	4,275	655	235	420
Bachelor's degree	5,410	2,085	3,325	500	155	340
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	320	125	200	25	10	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	260	185	80	25	0	25
Master's degree	1,200	590	610	100	60	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	195	130	65	0	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	40,605	20,075	20,530	3,605	1,805	1,800
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,755	3,255	2,500	495	265	230
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	12,270	6,230	6,035	695	320	370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,580	10,585	12,000	2,410	1,225	1,190
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,005	3,965	1,035	560	445	115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,260	800	460	300	205	95
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,740	3,170	575	260	235	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,765	3,970	6,790	1,160	525	635
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	900	350	550	105	50	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,915	2,300	3,615	585	205	385
Bachelor's degree	4,405	1,590	2,815	450	135	305
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	245	95	155	20	10	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	215	140	75	25	10	25
Master's degree	930	405	525	90	55	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	115	70	45	0	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	60,785	29,870	30,915	5,160	2,545	2,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	31,780	16,090	15,690	2,295	1,095	1,200
Education	2,255	575	1,675	175	40	140
13. Education	2,250	575	1,680	180	35	140
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	620	230	390	30	10	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	100	45	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	475	130	350	25	0	25
Humanities	780	350	430	95	30	60
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	0	25	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	115	40	75	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	220	70	150	40	0	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	25	30	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	285	165	120	20	15	0
54. History	60	45	15	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,765	470	1,300	165	50	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	30	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	100	45	55	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	655	55	605	55	10	50
22. Legal professions and studies	310	100	210	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	10	15	0	10	0
42. Psychology	265	70	190	25	0	20
45. Social sciences	380	190	190	50	15	35
Business, management and public administration	5,850	1,570	4,285	670	125	545
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	555	100	460	60	10	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,280	1,470	3,810	595	115	480
Physical and life sciences and technologies	595	355	245	40	30	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	245	115	125	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	115	50	60	20	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	170	140	30	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	65	45	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	570	390	180	65	25	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	480	355	130	65	25	40
25. Library science	50	0	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	30	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,795	7,410	385	885	780	105
04. Architecture and related services	50	25	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	560	475	85	35	30	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,450	1,305	150	170	140	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,885	1,865	20	305	280	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,805	2,730	75	290	250	40
48. Precision production	1,050	1,010	40	85	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	925	545	380	70	30	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	610	365	240	25	0	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	315	180	135	50	30	25
Health and related fields	5,565	875	4,690	270	45	225
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	255	140	115	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	5,195	655	4,535	245	30	210
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	115	80	35	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,285	1,010	1,275	400	285	110
12. Personal and culinary services	1,265	250	1,015	115	40	75
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	590	380	215	50	40	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	380	335	40	235	210	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	40,605	20,075	20,530	3,605	1,805	1,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,025	9,490	8,535	1,195	585	605
Education	1,525	345	1,180	140	35	100
13. Education	1,530	345	1,185	135	35	105
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	500	170	330	20	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	110	65	45	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	390	105	290	20	0	15
Humanities	555	240	315	65	30	40
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	10	15	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	100	30	65	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	165	55	110	25	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	185	100	90	15	10	10
54. History	35	30	10	15	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,465	360	1,110	155	50	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	75	35	45	10	15	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	560	35	525	55	10	45
22. Legal professions and studies	235	70	160	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	10	0	0
42. Psychology	215	65	155	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	325	140	180	50	10	35
Business, management and public administration	4,680	1,220	3,460	615	115	510
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	15	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	460	75	390	60	0	50
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,210	1,145	3,060	545	105	440
Physical and life sciences and technologies	415	225	195	35	25	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	180	80	105	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	30	40	20	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	110	85	25	10	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	35	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	480	330	155	60	15	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	420	300	115	60	15	40
25. Library science	35	10	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	10	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,110	5,770	345	720	630	80
04. Architecture and related services	30	15	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	455	385	70	30	25	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,270	1,140	135	140	120	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,415	1,390	20	240	220	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,180	2,115	60	235	200	35
48. Precision production	760	725	35	70	70	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	725	425	295	65	30	35
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	465	270	195	15	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	260	160	105	50	30	20
Health and related fields	4,280	695	3,590	210	30	180
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	200	105	90	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,990	525	3,465	190	20	165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	90	60	35	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,830	810	1,025	330	260	65
12. Personal and culinary services	975	190	780	85	35	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	520	315	200	40	30	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	325	290	35	205	195	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	60,785	29,870	30,920	5,160	2,540	2,620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	31,780	16,090	15,695	2,295	1,095	1,205
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	29,005	13,780	15,225	2,865	1,450	1,415
Location of study inside Canada	26,390	12,445	13,950	2,645	1,340	1,300
Same as province or territory of residence	20,270	9,615	10,655	2,140	1,090	1,045
Different than province or territory of residence	6,120	2,825	3,290	505	250	255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,615	1,335	1,280	220	110	115
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	825	425	410	20	15	0
Philippines	275	115	155	90	25	60
India	205	95	110	20	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	450	270	185	35	30	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	40	20	20	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	820	415	405	60	25	35
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	40,605	20,075	20,530	3,605	1,810	1,800
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,025	9,490	8,530	1,195	585	605
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	22,580	10,585	11,995	2,415	1,220	1,190
Location of study inside Canada	20,505	9,595	10,910	2,230	1,130	1,100
Same as province or territory of residence	16,120	7,635	8,485	1,780	910	865
Different than province or territory of residence	4,380	1,955	2,425	450	215	235
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,080	990	1,085	185	90	90
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	570	235	335	10	10	0
Philippines	255	105	145	85	30	55
India	195	90	105	15	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	375	230	145	30	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	30	15	15	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other	650	315	335	40	20	20
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	60,785	29,865	30,920	5,165	2,545	2,620
In the labour force	40,220	21,395	18,820	3,665	1,890	1,770
Employed	36,255	18,620	17,635	3,360	1,705	1,655
Unemployed	3,965	2,775	1,185	305	190	115
Not in the labour force	20,570	8,470	12,095	1,500	650	850
Participation rate	66.2	71.6	60.9	71.0	74.3	67.6
Employment rate	59.6	62.3	57.0	65.1	67.0	63.2
Unemployment rate	9.9	13.0	6.3	8.3	10.1	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	60,790	29,870	30,915	5,165	2,540	2,620
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	18,165	7,285	10,880	1,195	515	680
Worked	42,625	22,585	20,035	3,965	2,025	1,940
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	19,980	11,635	8,350	2,160	1,130	1,025
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	22,640	10,950	11,690	1,805	895	905
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	42.2	41.5	42.0	41.7	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	40,220	21,395	18,825	3,665	1,890	1,770
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	530	305	220	30	25	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	39,690	21,085	18,600	3,635	1,870	1,770
Employee	34,685	17,835	16,850	3,490	1,780	1,710
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,000	3,255	1,750	150	85	65
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	40,220	21,400	18,825	3,665	1,890	1,770
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	530	310	225	30	25	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	39,690	21,090	18,600	3,635	1,870	1,770
0 Management occupations	3,840	2,455	1,380	345	210	135
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,160	1,115	4,040	535	115	415
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,755	1,470	285	225	180	40
3 Health occupations	3,290	545	2,740	230	35	190
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,875	1,185	2,685	475	140	340
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	670	215	450	45	10	35
6 Sales and service occupations	9,670	3,760	5,915	865	355	510
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,505	7,025	485	810	730	85
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,365	1,955	410	50	45	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,575	1,365	215	50	50	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	40,220	21,395	18,820	3,670	1,895	1,775
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	530	310	220	25	25	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	39,690	21,090	18,600	3,635	1,870	1,770
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,565	1,010	555	40	30	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	2,740	2,505	235	110	85	30
22 Utilities	175	170	10	60	55	10
23 Construction	3,995	3,460	535	475	360	115
31-33 Manufacturing	1,760	1,435	325	80	60	20
41 Wholesale trade	1,025	695	330	115	80	35
44-45 Retail trade	5,110	2,300	2,815	395	195	205
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,705	1,265	435	250	175	75
51 Information and cultural industries	490	270	215	35	30	10
52 Finance and insurance	900	280	620	45	15	35
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	560	295	265	50	35	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,855	925	930	125	70	55
55 Management of companies and enterprises	40	0	35	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,225	700	525	185	110	80
61 Educational services	2,535	580	1,955	195	60	135
62 Health care and social assistance	5,160	770	4,395	520	95	430
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	840	440	400	30	10	25
72 Accommodation and food services	3,100	1,140	1,960	335	145	190
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,090	1,055	1,030	135	65	65
91 Public administration	2,815	1,780	1,035	440	195	245
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	36,255	18,620	17,640	3,360	1,705	1,660
Worked at home	2,385	1,030	1,355	85	35	50
Worked outside Canada	90	75	15	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,550	4,435	1,120	270	210	60
Worked at usual place	28,220	13,080	15,145	3,005	1,465	1,545
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	28,220	13,080	15,140	3,010	1,465	1,545
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	20,760	8,875	11,885	2,755	1,305	1,445
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,095	3,210	2,885	205	140	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,065	815	250	35	10	30
Commute to a different province or territory	300	175	120	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	33,770	17,515	16,260	3,275	1,670	1,605
Car, truck, van - as a driver	29,535	15,390	14,150	2,665	1,325	1,340
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,680	850	835	220	80	140
Public transit	630	260	370	130	90	40
Walked	1,115	475	640	80	30	50
Bicycle	235	170	65	0	0	0
Other method	565	370	195	165	135	30
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	33,775	17,515	16,260	3,275	1,665	1,605
Less than 15 minutes	17,075	7,815	9,265	2,285	1,030	1,260
15 to 29 minutes	11,620	6,070	5,545	570	355	215
30 to 44 minutes	2,430	1,515	915	105	75	30
45 to 59 minutes	955	635	320	120	45	75
60 minutes and over	1,695	1,470	220	200	160	40
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	33,770	17,515	16,260	3,275	1,670	1,610
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,105	1,610	495	255	160	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,455	4,410	2,050	305	230	75
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,295	5,645	4,650	1,350	690	660
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,660	2,330	4,335	795	320	470
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,050	1,135	1,915	240	100	145
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,205	2,385	2,815	330	170	160
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	43,925	23,150	20,780	4,065	2,085	1,985
Single responses	43,825	23,100	20,725	4,065	2,085	1,980
Official languages	43,675	23,025	20,660	4,055	2,085	1,975
English	43,615	23,005	20,610	4,055	2,085	1,970
French	60	10	45	0	0	0
Non-official languages	150	80	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	145	75	65	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	90	55	35	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	45	25	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	30	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	100	50	55	0	0	0
English and French	30	15	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	60	30	30	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	43,925	23,145	20,780	4,070	2,085	1,985
None	43,220	22,740	20,480	3,985	2,065	1,920
English	160	80	80	10	0	0
French	225	130	95	30	10	25
Non-official language	295	185	110	45	10	35
Aboriginal	10	0	0	15	0	15
Non-Aboriginal	290	190	100	30	15	15
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	73,735	36,445	37,295	6,190	3,015	3,175
Non-movers	62,810	31,095	31,710	5,590	2,740	2,850
Movers	10,930	5,350	5,585	600	275	325
Non-migrants	7,220	3,595	3,625	340	150	195
Migrants	3,710	1,750	1,960	255	125	135
Internal migrants	3,145	1,500	1,650	240	115	125
Intraprovincial migrants	2,085	1,025	1,060	135	50	85
Interprovincial migrants	1,065	475	585	110	65	45
External migrants	560	250	310	15	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	70,270	34,755	35,515	5,885	2,875	3,010
Non-movers	40,760	20,335	20,425	4,050	1,970	2,080
Movers	29,510	14,420	15,090	1,835	900	930
Non-migrants	17,015	8,405	8,605	995	485	510
Migrants	12,500	6,015	6,485	840	415	420
Internal migrants	10,690	5,125	5,565	665	320	345
Intraprovincial migrants	6,485	3,115	3,370	355	175	185
Interprovincial migrants	4,205	2,010	2,195	310	150	160
External migrants	1,810	895	915	170	95	80

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Medicine Hat [Census agglomeration], Alberta and Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Medicine Hat [Census agglomeration], Alberta and Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

Census Profile, 2016 Census Medicine Hat [Census agglomeration], Alberta and Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Medicine Hat [Census agglomeration], Alberta and Happy Valley-Goose Bay [Population centre], Newfoundland and Labrador