Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cold Lake [Census agglomeration], Alberta and Olds [Population centre], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cold Lake Alberta [Census agglomeration]			Olds Alberta [Population centre]
	Data quality , Cold Lake [Census agglomeration], Alberta Map : Cold Lake [Census agglomeration], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Olds [Population centre], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	14,961	...	...	8,944	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	13,839	...	...	8,025^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	8.1	...	...	11.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,657	...	...	3,848	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	5,597	...	...	3,612	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	249.7	...	...	939.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	59.92	...	...	9.52	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	14,960	7,800	7,160	8,940	4,315	4,625
0 to 14 years	3,400	1,695	1,700	1,470	745	725
0 to 4 years	1,315	635	680	470	240	230
5 to 9 years	1,185	625	565	525	260	260
10 to 14 years	895	440	455	475	240	235
15 to 64 years	10,655	5,685	4,965	5,510	2,735	2,780
15 to 19 years	810	445	370	495	265	230
20 to 24 years	1,130	595	530	585	300	285
25 to 29 years	1,755	970	785	575	295	285
30 to 34 years	1,630	875	755	605	315	285
35 to 39 years	1,220	640	580	540	275	265
40 to 44 years	970	515	460	525	260	260
45 to 49 years	795	400	395	545	260	285
50 to 54 years	1,015	530	485	550	255	300
55 to 59 years	850	465	385	590	295	295
60 to 64 years	470	250	220	510	215	295
65 years and over	915	420	495	1,960	840	1,120
65 to 69 years	300	150	155	510	225	285
70 to 74 years	215	100	115	430	205	225
75 to 79 years	160	70	85	345	155	190
80 to 84 years	135	55	80	300	125	175
85 years and over	105	45	60	370	125	245
85 to 89 years	70	30	35	205	80	130
90 to 94 years	15	5	10	130	40	95
95 to 99 years	15	5	10	25	10	15
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	22.7	21.7	23.7	16.4	17.3	15.7
15 to 64 years	71.2	72.9	69.3	61.6	63.4	60.1
65 years and over	6.1	5.4	6.9	21.9	19.5	24.2
85 years and over	0.7	0.6	0.8	4.1	2.9	5.3
Average age of the population	32.7	32.5	32.8	42.7	40.9	44.3
Median age of the population	31.2	31.1	31.3	42.0	39.4	44.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	5,595	...	...	3,610	...	...
Single-detached house	3,740	...	...	2,210	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,555	...	...	1,185	...	...
Semi-detached house	580	...	...	350	...	...
Row house	245	...	...	140	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	30	...	...	165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	695	...	...	515	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	300	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	5,595	...	...	3,615	...	...
1 person	1,255	...	...	980	...	...
2 persons	1,915	...	...	1,415	...	...
3 persons	960	...	...	495	...	...
4 persons	950	...	...	450	...	...
5 or more persons	510	...	...	265	...	...
Number of persons in private households	14,620	...	...	8,575	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	11,560	6,105	5,460	7,470	3,575	3,895
Married or living common law	7,350	3,675	3,675	4,460	2,230	2,235
Married	5,530	2,775	2,755	3,820	1,915	1,910
Living common law	1,825	900	920	640	320	320
Not married and not living common law	4,210	2,430	1,780	3,010	1,340	1,670
Never married	3,115	1,955	1,155	1,710	955	755
Separated	270	140	130	180	65	115
Divorced	525	260	265	500	195	305
Widowed	305	75	230	620	125	495
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	4,115	...	...	2,495	...	...
2 persons	1,925	...	...	1,410	...	...
3 persons	900	...	...	450	...	...
4 persons	885	...	...	425	...	...
5 or more persons	405	...	...	205	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	4,115	...	...	2,495	...	...
Total couple families	3,590	...	...	2,170	...	...
Married couples	2,675	...	...	1,850	...	...
Common-law couples	915	...	...	320	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	525	...	...	320	...	...
Female parent	390	...	...	255	...	...
Male parent	145	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,585	...	...	2,170	...	...
Couples without children	1,590	...	...	1,220	...	...
Couples with children	2,000	...	...	945	...	...
1 child	770	...	...	350	...	...
2 children	835	...	...	395	...	...
3 or more children	385	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	530	...	...	320	...	...
1 child	335	...	...	190	...	...
2 children	125	...	...	100	...	...
3 or more children	70	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,345	1,470	875	1,605	740	860
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	5,595	...	...	3,615	...	...
One-census-family households	3,940	...	...	2,415	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,520	...	...	1,190	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,420	...	...	1,220	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	85	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,575	...	...	1,160	...	...
One-person households	1,255	...	...	985	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	320	...	...	180	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	14,905	7,775	7,130	8,685	4,245	4,445
English only	12,760	6,650	6,110	8,330	4,075	4,255
French only	85	30	55	0	0	0
English and French	2,035	1,085	950	330	155	175
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	25	15	10
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	14,905	7,775	7,130	8,690	4,245	4,445
English	13,885	7,205	6,680	8,570	4,185	4,390
French	965	545	415	85	45	45
English and French	40	20	15	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	25	10	15	30	15	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	975	550	430	85	45	45
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	6.5	7.1	6.0	1.0	1.1	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	14,905	7,770	7,130	8,690	4,245	4,445
Single responses	14,715	7,670	7,045	8,595	4,200	4,390
Official languages	13,585	7,130	6,450	7,910	3,870	4,045
English	12,595	6,570	6,025	7,820	3,820	3,995
French	990	560	425	90	45	45
Non-official languages	1,130	540	590	685	330	350
Aboriginal languages	35	15	25	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	5	15	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	20	5	15	5	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,090	525	570	685	330	350
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	20	25	10	15
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	30	20	25	10	15
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	15	30	15	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	405	175	230	250	115	135
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	30	10	20	15	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	5	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	345	150	195	220	100	115
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	470	235	235	360	185	170
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	50	45	55	25	30
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	90	50	45	55	25	30
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	20	10	10	5	5
Russian	25	15	15	10	10	5
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10	25	5	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	120	55	70	200	95	100
Afrikaans	25	10	10	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dutch	15	10	5	40	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	75	35	40	125	60	70
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	120	80	45	50	30	20
Indo-Aryan languages	110	65	35	45	25	15
Bengali	15	10	5	10	5	0
Gujarati	25	10	10	5	5	5
Hindi	15	10	5	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	5	5	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	15	5	10	5	5
Urdu	20	15	5	5	5	5
Iranian languages	15	5	5	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	55	75	45	30	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italian	5	0	5	0	0	5
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	100	40	60	35	20	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	15	10	0
Chinese languages	65	25	35	15	5	5
Cantonese	25	10	15	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	5	0	5
Lao	5	5	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	190	105	90	95	45	50
English and French	90	50	40	15	5	10
English and non-official language	95	50	45	75	35	40
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	14,905	7,775	7,135	8,690	4,245	4,445
Single responses	14,585	7,615	6,970	8,555	4,190	4,365
Official languages	14,100	7,375	6,720	8,240	4,025	4,215
English	13,520	7,075	6,445	8,230	4,020	4,210
French	575	300	275	15	5	5
Non-official languages	490	235	250	310	165	150
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	485	235	245	315	165	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	20	5	10
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	10	20	5	10
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	20	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	230	115	115	160	80	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	215	105	110	150	80	75
Waray-Waray	5	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	10	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	5	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	65	85	105	60	40
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	20	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	10	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	5	0	5
Russian	0	5	0	5	5	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	35	20	15
Afrikaans	15	5	10	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	5	15	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	25	25	30	20	15
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	20	25	15	10
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	5	0	5	5	5	5
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	5	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	20	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	55	20	35	15	15	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	45	15	30	15	10	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	5	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	5	5	5
Chinese languages	30	10	15	10	5	5
Cantonese	5	0	0	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	0	0	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	320	160	160	135	55	80
English and French	70	40	30	10	0	5
English and non-official language	245	115	130	125	55	70
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	14,905	7,775	7,130	8,690	4,245	4,445
None	13,425	7,030	6,390	8,275	4,045	4,235
English	570	295	270	140	70	70
French	455	235	215	55	25	30
Non-official language	445	205	240	210	100	110
Aboriginal	30	15	15	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	415	190	225	205	95	105
English and French	5	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	0	5	5	5	0
French and non-official language	5	5	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,235	5,880	5,360	7,105	3,455	3,655
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,830	5,675	5,155	6,880	3,355	3,525
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,144	72,820	33,958	37,990	50,688	29,321
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,835	5,675	5,160	6,880	3,355	3,525
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,498	60,533	30,626	34,593	44,268	27,413
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,300	5,570	4,725	6,475	3,225	3,250
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,174	72,294	32,768	34,852	48,090	25,395
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	5,480	1,925	3,550	4,420	1,755	2,665
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,362	3,044	3,542	7,205	9,216	6,416
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,535	5,255	4,285	5,235	2,720	2,510
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,504	71,033	33,400	35,273	48,540	26,891
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	11,240	5,875	5,360	7,135	3,470	3,665
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,810	5,660	5,150	6,950	3,380	3,565
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	67,434	89,165	43,548	52,461	67,940	37,781
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,820	5,660	5,160	6,950	3,385	3,565
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,047	69,723	36,845	43,665	54,981	32,934
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,300	5,555	4,750	6,530	3,225	3,305
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	67,255	88,352	42,566	49,973	66,158	34,167
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	5,455	1,875	3,580	4,445	1,780	2,660
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,622	7,412	6,208	8,597	9,165	8,217
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,535	5,225	4,310	5,250	2,700	2,555
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	63,888	82,333	41,533	50,402	65,237	34,751
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	11,235	5,875	5,360	7,135	3,470	3,665
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,620	2,835	1,785	2,170	1,285	885
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	68,155	75,635	51,469	55,207	69,189	45,486
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	79,421	93,172	57,664	71,762	85,272	52,164
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	95.1	97.5	89.9	89.2	92.8	83.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	83.3	85.5	78.1	72.2	76.4	64.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	4.9	2.5	10.1	10.7	7.3	16.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	11,235	5,880	5,360	7,105	3,455	3,650
Without total income	405	200	200	225	100	125
With total income	10,830	5,675	5,155	6,885	3,360	3,525
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.5	96.2	96.9	97.3	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,130	325	810	740	250	490
$10,000 to $19,999	990	260	730	1,010	360	650
$20,000 to $29,999	1,045	300	745	1,025	370	655
$30,000 to $39,999	995	320	675	810	335	480
$40,000 to $49,999	865	365	495	700	340	360
$50,000 to $59,999	895	445	445	580	290	285
$60,000 to $69,999	950	575	375	455	270	180
$70,000 to $79,999	1,025	770	255	350	225	130
$80,000 to $89,999	580	405	175	240	165	70
$90,000 to $99,999	430	315	115	205	140	70
$100,000 and over	1,935	1,595	340	770	605	160
$100,000 to $149,999	1,085	845	235	515	390	125
$150,000 and over	850	750	100	250	215	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	11,235	5,880	5,355	7,110	3,455	3,655
Without after-tax income	400	205	195	225	100	125
With after-tax income	10,835	5,670	5,160	6,880	3,355	3,525
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.4	96.4	96.8	97.1	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,155	325	835	750	250	500
$10,000 to $19,999	1,050	280	770	1,075	380	695
$20,000 to $29,999	1,280	365	915	1,175	430	745
$30,000 to $39,999	1,185	430	755	955	425	540
$40,000 to $49,999	1,155	585	575	825	430	390
$50,000 to $59,999	1,305	805	500	610	365	245
$60,000 to $69,999	1,120	835	290	430	270	160
$70,000 to $79,999	665	485	180	285	200	80
$80,000 and over	1,915	1,570	340	775	610	170
$80,000 to $89,999	475	340	135	235	170	70
$90,000 to $99,999	305	240	65	155	115	35
$100,000 and over	1,140	995	140	380	325	60
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	11,235	5,875	5,360	7,105	3,455	3,650
Without employment income	1,700	625	1,075	1,875	735	1,135
With employment income	9,535	5,255	4,280	5,235	2,720	2,510
Percentage with employment income	84.9	89.4	79.9	73.7	78.7	68.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	770	300	470	675	315	360
$5,000 to $9,999	515	170	345	395	160	235
$10,000 to $19,999	820	250	570	705	275	435
$20,000 to $29,999	815	265	545	560	230	330
$30,000 to $39,999	835	285	550	505	200	310
$40,000 to $49,999	750	325	420	455	205	245
$50,000 to $59,999	760	395	365	380	200	175
$60,000 to $69,999	870	545	320	320	200	120
$70,000 to $79,999	910	705	210	265	175	95
$80,000 and over	2,485	2,005	480	965	760	205
$80,000 to $89,999	495	350	140	190	140	45
$90,000 to $99,999	395	280	115	165	115	50
$100,000 and over	1,595	1,370	225	610	500	110
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	5,595	...	...	3,610	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	110,575	...	...	78,517	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	92,800	...	...	69,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,255	...	...	985	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	65,792	...	...	37,035	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,040	...	...	33,664	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,340	...	...	2,630	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,242	...	...	97,195	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,070	...	...	84,015	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	5,600	...	...	3,610	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	130,243	...	...	100,971	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	104,468	...	...	84,043	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,255	...	...	980	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	75,319	...	...	45,046	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	60,296	...	...	38,751	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,340	...	...	2,630	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	146,128	...	...	121,789	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	117,244	...	...	100,902	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	5,595	...	...	3,615	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	20	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	90	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	200	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	90	...	...	120	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	155	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	105	...	...	140	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	115	...	...	130	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	245	...	...	290	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	310	...	...	255	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	395	...	...	230	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	340	...	...	215	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	365	...	...	185	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,170	...	...	1,375	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	800	...	...	435	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	695	...	...	305	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	805	...	...	330	...	...
$200,000 and over	870	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	5,595	...	...	3,615	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	45	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75	...	...	95	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	100	...	...	210	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	115	...	...	135	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	105	...	...	140	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	140	...	...	170	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...	170	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	165	...	...	180	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	430	...	...	320	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	425	...	...	285	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	455	...	...	300	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	450	...	...	225	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	415	...	...	230	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,500	...	...	1,035	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	905	...	...	435	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	610	...	...	245	...	...
$150,000 and over	990	...	...	350	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	4,095	...	...	2,495	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	123,648	...	...	95,972	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	103,497	...	...	82,944	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,500	...	...	1,170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	117,461	...	...	83,712	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,120	...	...	73,911	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,010	...	...	950	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	138,057	...	...	125,440	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,987	...	...	106,715	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	490	...	...	300	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,176	...	...	63,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	59,179	...	...	57,408	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	4,110	...	...	2,485	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	143,154	...	...	122,699	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,546	...	...	101,369	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,525	...	...	1,160	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	137,943	...	...	109,581	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	109,213	...	...	89,842	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,000	...	...	985	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	162,986	...	...	150,284	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	130,393	...	...	124,069	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	495	...	...	280	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	78,869	...	...	85,629	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,367	...	...	73,121	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,080	1,315	765	1,420	660	765
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	59,008	66,341	40,192	35,488	44,160	31,488
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	49,129	54,869	36,096	32,585	38,528	29,248
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,105	1,325	780	1,410	615	795
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	66,807	73,982	54,632	42,440	44,954	40,495
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	54,130	59,196	45,532	36,659	38,166	35,492
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	14,625	7,570	7,055	8,575	4,200	4,375
In the bottom half of the distribution	4,140	1,970	2,170	3,710	1,710	2,000
In the bottom decile	660	290	370	550	260	285
In the second decile	615	270	340	675	280	395
In the third decile	735	335	405	685	295	395
In the fourth decile	965	475	485	870	410	455
In the fifth decile	1,170	600	570	940	470	475
In the top half of the distribution	10,485	5,595	4,880	4,860	2,485	2,375
In the sixth decile	1,535	770	765	895	440	455
In the seventh decile	1,770	935	830	850	425	420
In the eighth decile	1,965	1,040	925	940	490	450
In the ninth decile	2,370	1,280	1,090	1,080	555	530
In the top decile	2,845	1,570	1,275	1,100	575	525
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	14,620	7,570	7,055	8,575	4,195	4,375
0 to 17 years	3,855	1,950	1,905	1,760	890	870
0 to 5 years	1,545	765	780	580	295	280
18 to 64 years	9,945	5,240	4,710	5,160	2,555	2,610
65 years and over	820	380	445	1,645	755	895
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	840	375	470	790	355	435
0 to 17 years	365	180	185	215	115	100
0 to 5 years	160	70	85	75	45	30
18 to 64 years	440	185	255	450	205	245
65 years and over	40	10	25	125	35	90
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	5.7	5.0	6.7	9.2	8.5	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	9.5	9.2	9.7	12.2	12.9	11.5
0 to 5 years (%)	10.4	9.2	10.9	12.9	15.3	10.7
18 to 64 years (%)	4.4	3.5	5.4	8.7	8.0	9.4
65 years and over (%)	4.9	2.6	5.6	7.6	4.6	10.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	420	180	240	345	170	180
0 to 17 years	165	70	90	90	45	50
0 to 5 years	55	25	35	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	255	105	155	235	115	120
65 years and over	0	0	0	20	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.9	2.4	3.4	4.0	4.1	4.1
0 to 17 years (%)	4.3	3.6	4.7	5.1	5.1	5.7
0 to 5 years (%)	3.6	3.3	4.5	4.3	5.1	3.6
18 to 64 years (%)	2.6	2.0	3.3	4.6	4.5	4.6
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.2	0.7	1.1
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	14,620	7,570	7,050	8,585	4,215	4,370
Official languages	14,600	7,570	7,030	8,535	4,185	4,350
English	14,520	7,545	6,975	8,530	4,185	4,345
French	2,065	1,085	975	325	125	200
Non-official languages	1,670	840	830	870	360	515
Aboriginal languages	50	25	30	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	15	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	10	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,620	815	805	870	360	510
Afro-Asiatic languages	85	40	45	65	35	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	85	45	45	65	35	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	75	40	40	65	30	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	545	270	280	290	110	185
Bikol	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cebuano	45	20	25	30	10	30
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	535	260	270	270	105	165
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	745	385	360	440	195	250
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	75	80	60	25	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	75	80	60	25	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	15	20	25	10	10
Russian	95	50	40	20	15	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10	25	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	185	95	95	220	90	130
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	15	0	10	75	40	35
Frisian	0	0	0	30	10	20
German	155	75	80	135	45	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Swedish	10	10	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	0	0	10	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	140	80	55	75	40	35
Indo-Aryan languages	130	80	50	80	45	35
Bengali	10	0	10	15	10	0
Gujarati	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	40	25	15	35	25	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	30	10	15	0	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	55	25	25	10	0	0
Urdu	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	10	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	280	135	145	85	35	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	0	10	0	10	10
Portuguese	30	25	0	10	0	10
Romanian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	230	105	120	70	30	40
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	10	15	10	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	35	25	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	15	0	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	130	65	65	20	15	10
Chinese languages	130	65	65	15	15	0
Cantonese	60	35	25	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	40	50	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	20	15	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	15	15	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	40	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	14,625	7,570	7,055	8,585	4,210	4,375
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	13,755	7,140	6,615	8,145	4,010	4,135
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,755	1,890	1,860	1,600	820	785
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	10,000	5,245	4,755	6,545	3,190	3,350
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	870	435	440	435	200	235
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	14,625	7,570	7,055	8,585	4,215	4,375
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	13,100	6,835	6,265	7,690	3,845	3,855
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,215	575	635	805	325	485
Before 1981	190	85	105	285	95	185
1981 to 1990	110	55	50	75	35	40
1991 to 2000	210	90	120	45	20	30
2001 to 2010	230	100	130	130	75	55
2001 to 2005	75	40	35	55	35	25
2006 to 2010	155	60	95	75	45	30
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	475	245	235	275	105	170
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	310	155	155	80	50	35
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,210	580	640	805	325	485
Under 5 years	130	70	60	105	45	60
5 to 14 years	290	140	150	165	50	105
15 to 24 years	250	135	115	145	65	85
25 to 44 years	480	205	275	360	155	210
45 years and over	60	25	40	30	0	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,210	575	635	810	325	485
Americas	140	55	85	105	20	85
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	10
Jamaica	10	0	10	10	0	10
Mexico	20	10	15	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	20	25	80	15	70
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	10	0	10
Europe	380	160	220	305	135	170
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	50	15	35	65	25	40
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	10	10	0	0
Netherlands	10	0	10	50	25	25
Poland	30	10	15	35	15	15
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	25	10	15	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	10	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	190	70	115	95	55	40
Other places of birth in Europe	35	25	10	40	10	25
Africa	85	60	30	15	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	15	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	45	30	15	10	0	0
Asia	610	310	300	370	155	215
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bangladesh	0	0	10	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	55	25	35	10	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	10	0	10
India	50	30	15	20	15	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	10	0	30	15	20
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	360	170	190	240	85	150
Sri Lanka	30	20	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	35	20	10	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	475	245	230	275	105	170
Americas	20	10	20	10	0	10
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	30	20	15	30	15	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	15	10	10	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	10	10	0	10
Africa	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	400	215	190	230	85	150
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	25	15	10	15	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	310	155	155	175	60	115
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	35	20	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Taiwan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	14,625	7,570	7,055	8,585	4,215	4,375
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,675	810	865	935	390	540
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,865	1,000	870	1,430	720	700
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	11,085	5,765	5,320	6,225	3,095	3,130
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,025	490	535	545	240	300
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	670	350	325	340	165	175
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	270	160	105	140	80	60
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	405	185	220	205	90	120
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	310	115	190	155	50	100
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	40	15	20	45	25	20
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	14,625	7,570	7,055	8,585	4,210	4,375
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,355	645	715	295	135	150
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,350	640	710	275	130	145
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	545	230	310	75	35	40
Métis	780	385	390	200	90	110
Inuk (Inuit)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	10	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	10	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	13,270	6,925	6,340	8,290	4,070	4,220
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	14,625	7,570	7,055	8,585	4,210	4,370
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	455	195	260	45	25	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	14,175	7,375	6,800	8,535	4,185	4,350
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	14,625	7,570	7,055	8,585	4,210	4,370
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	245	105	135	55	15	40
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	240	105	130	55	15	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	145	60	80	15	10	10
Métis single ancestry	95	45	45	45	10	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,360	675	685	370	180	190
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,270	615	650	365	180	185
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	655	320	330	180	90	85
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	600	275	320	185	90	95
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	95	60	35	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	55	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	13,020	6,790	6,230	8,160	4,020	4,145
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	14,625	7,570	7,055	8,585	4,215	4,375
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,600	820	780	650	290	360
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	185	110	80	105	50	55
Chinese	180	75	105	45	35	10
Black	255	150	100	55	25	30
Filipino	585	290	295	305	120	185
Latin American	95	35	60	0	0	0
Arab	60	30	30	65	35	35
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	45	15	30	10	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	25	10	15	10	10
Korean	20	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	30	15	35	15	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	65	40	25	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	13,025	6,755	6,270	7,935	3,925	4,010
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	14,625	7,570	7,055	8,585	4,210	4,370
North American Aboriginal origins	1,600	785	820	425	190	230
First Nations (North American Indian)	895	440	445	195	95	100
Inuit	25	20	0	0	0	0
Métis	785	380	405	235	95	135
Other North American origins	5,490	2,805	2,690	2,405	1,295	1,110
Acadian	65	30	40	70	30	40
American	190	85	105	195	105	90
Canadian	5,250	2,695	2,550	2,220	1,200	1,020
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	10,475	5,425	5,055	6,710	3,230	3,480
British Isles origins	7,120	3,655	3,465	4,715	2,285	2,430
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,940	2,005	1,940	2,965	1,440	1,525
Irish	2,915	1,460	1,450	1,825	850	975
Manx	10	0	10	15	0	10
Scottish	3,215	1,730	1,485	2,035	980	1,055
Welsh	325	160	160	405	190	210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	375	160	215	135	60	65
French origins	2,690	1,355	1,335	875	400	480
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,685	1,355	1,330	880	400	475
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,100	1,590	1,510	2,495	1,240	1,255
Austrian	60	45	20	80	30	50
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	110	55	55	60	25	40
Dutch	600	325	280	450	225	230
Flemish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	20	15	0	0	0	0
German	2,455	1,245	1,210	2,000	980	1,015
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	65	25	35	80	50	30
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,185	605	575	1,115	545	565
Danish	150	60	90	205	125	80
Finnish	65	30	35	75	30	40
Icelandic	140	65	75	110	40	70
Norwegian	620	335	285	485	210	275
Swedish	285	165	120	320	150	170
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	70	45	30	45	30	20
Eastern European origins	2,245	1,195	1,050	1,245	545	695
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	0	15	20	0	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	10	15	25	10	15
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Hungarian	120	60	60	90	40	50
Latvian	25	15	10	10	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	640	335	305	315	140	180
Romanian	140	70	70	60	30	30
Russian	330	170	165	265	135	135
Slovak	15	20	0	15	0	0
Ukrainian	1,325	685	635	670	275	395
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	570	270	300	285	120	160
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	15	10	0
Cypriot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	15	0	30	10	15
Italian	310	135	165	185	85	100
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	30	0	30
Serbian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	185	85	100	35	20	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	25	15	10	10	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	135	60	75	50	15	35
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	10	25	0	0	10
Jamaican	60	30	30	40	10	25
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	190	90	100	25	15	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	15	0	15	0	0	0
Colombian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	40	15	30	10	15	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	15	0	15	0	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	70	40	25	0	0	0
African origins	215	150	65	30	20	15
Central and West African origins	110	70	35	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	45	30	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	25	20	10	10	10	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	45	30	15	0	0	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	0	10	0	0	0
South African	15	15	0	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	40	35	10	20	15	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	45	35	0	15	10	0
Asian origins	1,300	660	645	620	260	360
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	195	110	80	135	60	80
Afghan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kazakh	35	30	10	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	90	55	40	40	15	25
Palestinian	35	20	15	20	0	15
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	10	45	25	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	20	10	0	10	0	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	180	100	80	95	40	50
Bangladeshi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	120	60	55	70	35	35
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	20	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	35	20	10	10	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	970	465	500	395	160	235
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese	280	125	155	50	35	15
Filipino	605	295	310	305	110	195
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	65	40	25	35	10	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	15	15	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	25	15	0	35	20	15
Australian	0	0	0	10	0	10
New Zealander	10	10	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	10	10	0	20	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Hawaiian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	5,600	...	...	3,610	...	...
Owner	3,805	...	...	2,665	...	...
Renter	1,795	...	...	945	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	5,595	...	...	3,610	...	...
Condominium	530	...	...	360	...	...
Not condominium	5,065	...	...	3,255	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	5,595	...	...	3,610	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	215	...	...	260	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,105	...	...	830	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,990	...	...	1,090	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,285	...	...	1,420	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	5,600	...	...	3,610	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,010	...	...	745	...	...
5 rooms	860	...	...	570	...	...
6 rooms	955	...	...	440	...	...
7 rooms	800	...	...	515	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,970	...	...	1,340	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	5,600	...	...	3,610	...	...
One person or fewer per room	5,540	...	...	3,560	...	...
More than 1 person per room	60	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	5,600	...	...	3,610	...	...
Suitable	5,495	...	...	3,530	...	...
Not suitable	105	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	5,600	...	...	3,610	...	...
1960 or before	535	...	...	475	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,325	...	...	950	...	...
1981 to 1990	835	...	...	395	...	...
1991 to 2000	665	...	...	575	...	...
2001 to 2005	565	...	...	430	...	...
2006 to 2010	820	...	...	480	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	855	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	5,595	...	...	3,610	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,205	...	...	3,465	...	...
Major repairs needed	395	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	5,595	...	...	3,610	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,260	...	...	2,075	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,215	...	...	1,450	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	125	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	5,600	...	...	3,610	...	...
15 to 24 years	370	...	...	150	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,740	...	...	545	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,165	...	...	595	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,065	...	...	565	...	...
55 to 64 years	725	...	...	655	...	...
65 to 74 years	300	...	...	620	...	...
75 to 84 years	190	...	...	380	...	...
85 years and over	40	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	5,580	...	...	3,600	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	4,795	...	...	2,845	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	785	...	...	755	...	...
30% to less than 100%	715	...	...	665	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,805	...	...	2,665	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	77.1	...	...	57.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.2	...	...	13.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,818	...	...	1,149	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,748	...	...	1,304	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	349,734	...	...	320,867	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	373,202	...	...	338,563	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,795	...	...	945	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.8	...	...	11.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.2	...	...	42.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,267	...	...	1,102	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,309	...	...	1,113	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,235	5,880	5,360	7,135	3,470	3,665
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,680	865	815	1,245	660	585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,335	1,760	1,570	2,125	1,070	1,055
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,225	3,245	2,975	3,760	1,735	2,025
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,530	1,205	325	815	615	200
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	560	385	175	210	115	95
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	970	820	145	605	500	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,725	1,220	1,505	1,710	625	1,085
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	245	60	175	165	80	90
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,730	765	970	1,070	420	650
Bachelor's degree	1,375	580	795	770	275	495
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	75	25	50	75	30	45
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	30	20	10	35	30	10
Master's degree	235	125	110	170	80	95
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	0	20	15	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,560	4,515	4,050	4,455	2,180	2,280
No certificate, diploma or degree	745	395	350	570	345	230
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,445	1,305	1,145	1,235	610	625
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,370	2,815	2,555	2,645	1,220	1,425
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,235	1,005	230	510	400	105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	440	310	130	125	80	55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	790	695	105	375	320	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,390	1,080	1,305	1,155	435	725
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	210	55	160	110	65	50
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,535	665	865	870	325	545
Bachelor's degree	1,200	505	690	645	210	430
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	70	25	45	45	20	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	10	35	25	10
Master's degree	225	120	110	130	60	70
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,240	5,880	5,360	7,130	3,470	3,660
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,015	2,630	2,385	3,375	1,730	1,645
Education	465	125	340	370	125	250
13. Education	465	125	335	375	125	250
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	30	60	100	60	40
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	30	25	10
50. Visual and performing arts	75	25	55	70	35	35
Humanities	135	45	90	155	75	80
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	15	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	35	15	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	15	25	35	25	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	10	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	80	30	50
54. History	25	25	0	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	415	60	350	215	55	160
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	25	0	25
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	135	0	135	40	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	85	15	75	50	15	40
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	60	10	45	40	10	35
45. Social sciences	95	20	80	55	30	30
Business, management and public administration	915	245	670	660	155	495
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	70	0	60	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	845	235	605	620	155	465
Physical and life sciences and technologies	210	100	110	75	30	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	30	45	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	35	25	30	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	50	25	30	15	10	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	10	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	55	70	70	30	40
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	50	60	35	15	15
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	25	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,360	2,105	255	945	880	70
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	0	15	10	0
14. Engineering	320	230	90	60	50	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	370	330	40	175	150	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	375	350	25	240	230	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,110	1,030	75	310	310	0
48. Precision production	170	150	20	145	130	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	110	40	70	230	135	95
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	10	35	195	115	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	35	35	35	20	15
Health and related fields	840	120	720	715	110	605
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	70	25	50	60	20	40
51. Health professions and related programs	755	85	670	650	90	560
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	10	0	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	565	330	240	225	75	150
12. Personal and culinary services	285	80	210	155	35	120
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	50	45	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	110	85	25	25	10	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	105	0	50	40	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,560	4,515	4,050	4,455	2,180	2,280
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,195	1,700	1,495	1,810	950	855
Education	395	100	290	265	80	190
13. Education	390	100	290	265	80	190
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	80	20	65	50	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	15	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	10	50	35	20	15
Humanities	110	45	70	105	75	35
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	30	0	30	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	30	10	15	30	25	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	10	10	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	10	10	0	50	20	25
54. History	20	20	0	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	370	55	315	160	45	110
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	15	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	0	120	20	10	20
22. Legal professions and studies	75	10	70	50	15	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	0
42. Psychology	55	10	40	35	0	30
45. Social sciences	80	15	70	45	25	20
Business, management and public administration	820	235	580	480	130	360
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	0	55	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	760	230	530	450	120	325
Physical and life sciences and technologies	180	85	95	55	30	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	80	35	45	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	30	15	30	10	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	40	20	20	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	120	55	70	55	20	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	105	45	60	20	15	10
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	0	10	25	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,010	1,805	205	610	575	40
04. Architecture and related services	20	10	0	0	0	0
14. Engineering	270	195	75	45	30	15
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	335	295	40	125	105	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	295	275	25	140	140	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	955	895	55	195	190	0
48. Precision production	140	135	0	100	95	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	35	60	180	105	70
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	10	30	145	85	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	55	25	30	30	20	10
Health and related fields	745	105	640	525	90	435
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	30	50	45	15	35
51. Health professions and related programs	665	75	590	475	80	395
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	445	280	165	160	55	105
12. Personal and culinary services	195	65	135	120	25	90
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	50	45	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	90	70	25	10	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	95	95	0	35	25	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,240	5,880	5,360	7,130	3,470	3,665
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,010	2,630	2,385	3,375	1,735	1,640
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,220	3,250	2,975	3,760	1,740	2,025
Location of study inside Canada	5,530	2,935	2,595	3,360	1,540	1,820
Same as province or territory of residence	2,785	1,505	1,285	2,610	1,225	1,380
Different than province or territory of residence	2,740	1,430	1,310	750	315	435
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	695	315	380	400	195	205
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	65	55	100	60	40
Philippines	295	120	175	135	50	80
India	20	20	0	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	15	25	25	10	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	10	15	0	10	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other	180	85	90	120	65	55
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,565	4,515	4,050	4,455	2,175	2,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,190	1,700	1,490	1,810	955	855
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,370	2,815	2,560	2,645	1,225	1,425
Location of study inside Canada	4,710	2,520	2,195	2,330	1,070	1,260
Same as province or territory of residence	2,300	1,260	1,040	1,820	850	970
Different than province or territory of residence	2,415	1,255	1,150	510	220	295
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	655	290	365	315	155	160
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	105	50	55	35	30	10
Philippines	290	120	175	135	50	80
India	20	20	0	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	15	25	20	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	15	0	10	0
France	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other	170	75	90	100	50	50
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	11,235	5,880	5,360	7,135	3,470	3,665
In the labour force	9,060	5,070	3,990	4,855	2,570	2,290
Employed	8,295	4,615	3,675	4,420	2,265	2,155
Unemployed	765	460	310	440	305	135
Not in the labour force	2,175	810	1,370	2,275	900	1,375
Participation rate	80.6	86.2	74.4	68.0	74.1	62.5
Employment rate	73.8	78.5	68.6	61.9	65.3	58.8
Unemployment rate	8.4	9.1	7.8	9.1	11.9	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	11,240	5,875	5,360	7,130	3,470	3,665
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,010	745	1,265	2,015	805	1,205
Worked	9,225	5,135	4,095	5,120	2,660	2,455
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,675	2,865	1,805	2,275	1,360	915
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,550	2,265	2,285	2,845	1,305	1,540
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	43.6	41.9	41.6	42.3	40.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	9,060	5,070	3,990	4,860	2,565	2,290
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	110	60	50	65	40	25
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	8,950	5,015	3,940	4,790	2,530	2,260
Employee	8,360	4,695	3,665	4,110	2,105	2,005
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	590	320	270	680	420	255
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	9,060	5,070	3,985	4,855	2,570	2,285
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	110	55	55	65	40	25
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	8,945	5,010	3,935	4,790	2,530	2,265
0 Management occupations	935	600	330	530	330	200
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	930	155	770	575	120	450
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	745	560	185	180	155	25
3 Health occupations	425	70	355	355	60	290
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,450	785	660	515	150	365
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	110	30	85	125	45	75
6 Sales and service occupations	1,910	630	1,280	1,120	395	725
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,505	1,350	155	890	835	55
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	425	370	50	310	260	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	520	460	60	190	170	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	9,055	5,070	3,990	4,855	2,565	2,290
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	110	60	55	65	40	25
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	8,950	5,015	3,940	4,795	2,530	2,265
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	25	15	140	115	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,395	1,120	280	290	270	20
22 Utilities	15	10	0	45	35	10
23 Construction	695	585	110	540	465	75
31-33 Manufacturing	190	130	55	250	190	60
41 Wholesale trade	140	90	45	130	110	20
44-45 Retail trade	1,030	360	665	615	265	355
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	270	170	100	225	165	60
51 Information and cultural industries	75	45	35	105	65	40
52 Finance and insurance	150	25	130	115	30	85
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	80	40	35	75	30	45
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	270	125	140	220	90	130
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	15	10	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	335	165	165	120	65	55
61 Educational services	460	115	340	455	160	300
62 Health care and social assistance	685	65	620	495	55	445
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	135	35	105	120	70	45
72 Accommodation and food services	665	275	395	375	130	245
81 Other services (except public administration)	255	105	150	300	135	170
91 Public administration	2,040	1,510	530	175	95	80
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	8,295	4,610	3,680	4,415	2,265	2,155
Worked at home	225	30	195	320	140	180
Worked outside Canada	35	25	10	15	10	0
No fixed workplace address	1,340	1,055	290	695	520	175
Worked at usual place	6,695	3,505	3,190	3,390	1,595	1,795
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,695	3,505	3,190	3,390	1,595	1,790
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,055	2,435	2,620	2,400	980	1,425
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,450	930	515	590	380	210
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	130	95	35	380	220	160
Commute to a different province or territory	60	45	15	15	15	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	8,035	4,555	3,475	4,085	2,115	1,970
Car, truck, van - as a driver	6,545	3,740	2,810	3,415	1,785	1,625
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	685	380	305	245	130	115
Public transit	225	145	85	10	0	0
Walked	430	175	255	310	115	195
Bicycle	75	60	15	35	20	10
Other method	70	55	15	70	55	20
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	8,030	4,555	3,480	4,085	2,115	1,965
Less than 15 minutes	3,930	1,835	2,095	2,425	1,030	1,395
15 to 29 minutes	1,955	1,155	795	725	420	305
30 to 44 minutes	905	605	300	430	280	145
45 to 59 minutes	495	365	130	210	175	30
60 minutes and over	745	595	155	300	210	90
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	8,035	4,555	3,475	4,085	2,115	1,970
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	840	640	195	280	225	55
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,020	1,380	635	800	535	260
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,115	1,240	875	1,080	570	505
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,290	410	880	835	330	505
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	635	205	430	415	150	260
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,145	675	465	680	305	375
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	9,445	5,225	4,225	5,180	2,700	2,485
Single responses	9,380	5,185	4,190	5,175	2,700	2,475
Official languages	9,365	5,175	4,185	5,180	2,700	2,475
English	9,270	5,155	4,115	5,175	2,700	2,475
French	100	25	75	0	0	0
Non-official languages	15	10	10	10	0	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	10	0	0	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	70	35	30	0	0	0
English and French	55	35	15	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	0	15	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	9,450	5,225	4,225	5,185	2,700	2,485
None	8,720	4,830	3,890	5,095	2,670	2,425
English	70	25	45	0	0	0
French	575	325	245	45	20	30
Non-official language	85	40	45	35	10	25
Aboriginal	15	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	70	30	35	35	10	30
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	14,320	7,420	6,905	8,485	4,165	4,320
Non-movers	11,695	6,100	5,595	7,295	3,580	3,720
Movers	2,630	1,315	1,310	1,185	590	595
Non-migrants	1,415	730	680	570	295	275
Migrants	1,215	585	630	615	290	320
Internal migrants	1,140	555	580	545	260	280
Intraprovincial migrants	385	190	195	445	220	220
Interprovincial migrants	755	370	385	95	40	60
External migrants	80	30	45	75	35	35
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	13,315	6,930	6,380	8,110	3,980	4,130
Non-movers	6,000	3,115	2,890	4,380	2,155	2,225
Movers	7,310	3,815	3,495	3,735	1,825	1,905
Non-migrants	2,905	1,550	1,355	1,530	735	790
Migrants	4,405	2,265	2,140	2,200	1,090	1,110
Internal migrants	3,860	2,010	1,855	2,000	1,010	990
Intraprovincial migrants	1,105	570	535	1,595	825	770
Interprovincial migrants	2,755	1,440	1,320	400	180	220
External migrants	545	260	290	205	75	130

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cold Lake [Census agglomeration], Alberta and Olds [Population centre], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cold Lake [Census agglomeration], Alberta and Olds [Population centre], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cold Lake [Census agglomeration], Alberta and Olds [Population centre], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cold Lake [Census agglomeration], Alberta and Olds [Population centre], Alberta