Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kamloops [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Nanaimo River 2, Indian reserve [Designated place], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Kamloops British Columbia [Census agglomeration]			Nanaimo River 2, IRI British Columbia [Designated place]
	Data quality , Kamloops [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Map : Kamloops [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Nanaimo River 2, Indian reserve [Designated place], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	103,811	...	...	20	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	98,754	...	...	26	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.1	...	...	-23.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	46,895	...	...	8	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	42,857	...	...	7	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	18.3	...	...	38.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,668.70	...	...	0.53	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	103,810	51,190	52,620	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	15,765	8,115	7,645	x	x	x
0 to 4 years	5,075	2,595	2,480	x	x	x
5 to 9 years	5,360	2,770	2,595	x	x	x
10 to 14 years	5,325	2,750	2,575	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	68,270	33,820	34,445	x	x	x
15 to 19 years	5,710	2,955	2,755	x	x	x
20 to 24 years	6,630	3,395	3,230	x	x	x
25 to 29 years	6,780	3,550	3,230	x	x	x
30 to 34 years	6,775	3,390	3,385	x	x	x
35 to 39 years	5,980	2,935	3,035	x	x	x
40 to 44 years	6,165	3,030	3,135	x	x	x
45 to 49 years	6,815	3,290	3,525	x	x	x
50 to 54 years	7,745	3,735	4,010	x	x	x
55 to 59 years	8,330	3,940	4,385	x	x	x
60 to 64 years	7,345	3,595	3,750	x	x	x
65 years and over	19,770	9,255	10,520	x	x	x
65 to 69 years	6,600	3,220	3,385	x	x	x
70 to 74 years	4,745	2,275	2,465	x	x	x
75 to 79 years	3,460	1,630	1,830	x	x	x
80 to 84 years	2,550	1,145	1,410	x	x	x
85 years and over	2,415	985	1,430	x	x	x
85 to 89 years	1,520	665	855	x	x	x
90 to 94 years	720	265	450	x	x	x
95 to 99 years	150	50	100	x	x	x
100 years and over	20	5	15	x	x	x
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
0 to 14 years	15.2	15.9	14.5	x	x	x
15 to 64 years	65.8	66.1	65.5	x	x	x
65 years and over	19.0	18.1	20.0	x	x	x
85 years and over	2.3	1.9	2.7	x	x	x
Average age of the population	42.5	41.6	43.4	x	x	x
Median age of the population	43.6	42.2	44.8	x	x	x
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	42,855	...	...	x	...	...
Single-detached house	23,105	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	675	...	...	x	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	16,595	...	...	x	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,990	...	...	x	...	...
Row house	3,340	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,790	...	...	x	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,370	...	...	x	...	...
Other single-attached house	105	...	...	x	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	2,475	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	42,855	...	...	x	...	...
1 person	11,540	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	16,765	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	6,420	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	5,455	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	2,675	...	...	x	...	...
Number of persons in private households	100,755	...	...	x	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	x	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	88,045	43,075	44,975	x	x	x
Married or living common law	51,525	25,760	25,765	x	x	x
Married	41,255	20,635	20,620	x	x	x
Living common law	10,265	5,125	5,145	x	x	x
Not married and not living common law	36,520	17,315	19,210	x	x	x
Never married	22,560	12,500	10,065	x	x	x
Separated	2,665	1,140	1,520	x	x	x
Divorced	6,260	2,555	3,705	x	x	x
Widowed	5,035	1,115	3,915	x	x	x
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	29,765	...	...	x	...	...
2 persons	17,215	...	...	x	...	...
3 persons	5,880	...	...	x	...	...
4 persons	4,965	...	...	x	...	...
5 or more persons	1,705	...	...	x	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	29,770	...	...	x	...	...
Total couple families	25,070	...	...	x	...	...
Married couples	19,940	...	...	x	...	...
Common-law couples	5,130	...	...	x	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,695	...	...	x	...	...
Female parent	3,620	...	...	x	...	...
Male parent	1,075	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	25,070	...	...	x	...	...
Couples without children	14,275	...	...	x	...	...
Couples with children	10,800	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	4,520	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	4,650	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	1,625	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,695	...	...	x	...	...
1 child	2,940	...	...	x	...	...
2 children	1,365	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more children	395	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,805	9,735	10,075	x	x	x
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	42,860	...	...	x	...	...
One-census-family households	28,290	...	...	x	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,595	...	...	x	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	14,690	...	...	x	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	725	...	...	x	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,840	...	...	x	...	...
One-person households	11,540	...	...	x	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,300	...	...	x	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	102,340	50,415	51,925	x	x	x
English only	96,295	47,700	48,600	x	x	x
French only	20	10	5	x	x	x
English and French	5,590	2,520	3,075	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	430	190	240	x	x	x
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	102,335	50,415	51,920	x	x	x
English	100,840	49,690	51,145	x	x	x
French	1,005	500	510	x	x	x
English and French	90	50	40	x	x	x
Neither English nor French	395	170	220	x	x	x
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,055	520	530	x	x	x
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.0	1.0	1.0	x	x	x
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	102,340	50,415	51,920	x	x	x
Single responses	101,370	49,950	51,415	x	x	x
Official languages	92,580	45,745	46,840	x	x	x
English	91,420	45,175	46,240	x	x	x
French	1,165	565	595	x	x	x
Non-official languages	8,790	4,210	4,580	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	150	60	90	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	40	20	20	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	40	20	15	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	5	5	5	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	5	5	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	20	10	15	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	5	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	20	10	15	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	20	5	15	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	5	5	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	10	5	5	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	5	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	5	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	75	30	45	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	65	25	40	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	10	5	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,640	4,150	4,485	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	220	135	85	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	220	130	90	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	210	125	85	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	105	45	60	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Vietnamese	95	45	50	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	530	165	360	x	x	x
Bikol	5	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	20	0	20	x	x	x
Fijian	0	5	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	15	10	5	x	x	x
Ilocano	30	15	20	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	5	x	x	x
Malay	15	10	10	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	435	135	305	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	x	x	x
Creole languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	10	5	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	80	50	30	x	x	x
Kannada	5	5	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	40	25	10	x	x	x
Tamil	15	10	5	x	x	x
Telugu	20	10	10	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	5,940	2,910	3,030	x	x	x
Albanian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	1,035	485	545	x	x	x
Baltic languages	10	10	5	x	x	x
Latvian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	1,020	480	545	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Bulgarian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Croatian	110	55	60	x	x	x
Czech	65	35	25	x	x	x
Macedonian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	205	105	100	x	x	x
Russian	230	90	140	x	x	x
Serbian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Slovak	40	20	20	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	10	x	x	x
Ukrainian	275	125	145	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	x	x	x
Celtic languages	10	5	5	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	5	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	1,780	835	945	x	x	x
Afrikaans	75	40	40	x	x	x
Danish	70	30	40	x	x	x
Dutch	295	145	150	x	x	x
Frisian	10	5	5	x	x	x
German	1,245	585	655	x	x	x
Icelandic	5	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	45	15	25	x	x	x
Swedish	35	15	20	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	60	35	25	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	1,615	825	785	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	1,560	800	765	x	x	x
Bengali	55	35	20	x	x	x
Gujarati	35	20	15	x	x	x
Hindi	175	105	65	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	5	0	5	x	x	x
Nepali	15	10	5	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,220	590	630	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	5	x	x	x
Urdu	50	30	20	x	x	x
Iranian languages	50	30	20	x	x	x
Kurdish	5	5	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	45	25	20	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	1,430	720	710	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	950	495	455	x	x	x
Portuguese	155	80	80	x	x	x
Romanian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Spanish	300	130	165	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	210	70	145	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	250	115	130	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	15	5	10	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	10	0	5	x	x	x
Swahili	10	5	5	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	20	5	10	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	25	10	20	x	x	x
American Sign Language	10	5	10	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	925	490	440	x	x	x
Chinese languages	925	490	435	x	x	x
Cantonese	305	165	140	x	x	x
Hakka	5	0	5	x	x	x
Mandarin	495	260	235	x	x	x
Min Dong	5	5	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	10	15	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	85	45	35	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Burmese	0	5	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	30	5	25	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	30	5	25	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	20	10	5	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	10	10	5	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	5	5	5	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	205	90	115	x	x	x
Estonian	15	5	10	x	x	x
Finnish	75	25	45	x	x	x
Hungarian	125	55	65	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	15	5	x	x	x
Multiple responses	965	460	505	x	x	x
English and French	185	90	95	x	x	x
English and non-official language	755	365	395	x	x	x
French and non-official language	10	10	5	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	x	x	x
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	102,340	50,415	51,925	x	x	x
Single responses	100,695	49,655	51,045	x	x	x
Official languages	97,515	48,080	49,440	x	x	x
English	97,290	47,970	49,320	x	x	x
French	230	105	120	x	x	x
Non-official languages	3,175	1,575	1,605	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	25	10	15	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	15	5	5	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	15	10	5	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,155	1,565	1,590	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	85	50	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	140	85	55	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	135	85	55	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	20	25	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	45	20	25	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	180	75	110	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	5	5	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	5	5	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	170	60	105	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	40	25	10	x	x	x
Kannada	5	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	20	15	5	x	x	x
Tamil	5	0	5	x	x	x
Telugu	10	10	5	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	1,820	880	940	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	5	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	210	105	105	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	210	105	105	x	x	x
Belarusan	5	0	5	x	x	x
Bosnian	5	5	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	10	5	5	x	x	x
Croatian	20	10	15	x	x	x
Czech	15	5	10	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	60	30	25	x	x	x
Russian	65	30	35	x	x	x
Serbian	5	5	5	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	x	x	x
Slovak	5	5	5	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	20	15	10	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	5	5	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	5	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	275	135	140	x	x	x
Afrikaans	50	25	25	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	15	5	10	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	195	95	95	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	5	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	5	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	15	10	5	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	910	455	460	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	895	445	455	x	x	x
Bengali	20	10	10	x	x	x
Gujarati	15	5	10	x	x	x
Hindi	90	50	40	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	10	5	5	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	740	355	380	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	x	x	x
Urdu	15	5	10	x	x	x
Iranian languages	20	15	5	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	20	10	5	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	395	170	230	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	235	105	135	x	x	x
Portuguese	55	20	30	x	x	x
Romanian	10	5	0	x	x	x
Spanish	100	50	50	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	60	25	40	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	170	80	90	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	5	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	5	x	x	x
Swahili	5	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	5	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	45	20	25	x	x	x
American Sign Language	5	0	5	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	45	15	25	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	580	315	265	x	x	x
Chinese languages	575	320	260	x	x	x
Cantonese	160	85	75	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	355	195	155	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	5	5	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	30	25	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	5	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	5	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	10	5	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	5	5	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	5	0	5	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	35	15	15	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	15	5	5	x	x	x
Hungarian	20	10	5	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	1,645	760	875	x	x	x
English and French	75	35	40	x	x	x
English and non-official language	1,540	715	825	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	25	10	15	x	x	x
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	102,335	50,415	51,925	x	x	x
None	96,615	47,715	48,905	x	x	x
English	1,535	760	770	x	x	x
French	870	380	495	x	x	x
Non-official language	3,240	1,535	1,705	x	x	x
Aboriginal	290	140	155	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	2,945	1,395	1,555	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	25	10	15	x	x	x
French and non-official language	55	20	30	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	85,020	41,570	43,450	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,260	40,310	41,950	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,642	46,328	28,490	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,350	40,370	41,975	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,935	40,269	26,303	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	74,685	37,250	37,435	x	x	x
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,006	44,189	25,144	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,800	25,050	32,750	x	x	x
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,802	7,779	6,324	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,280	31,915	30,360	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,797	44,160	25,712	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	85,020	41,555	43,470	x	x	x
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,230	40,315	41,915	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,257	56,977	35,946	x	x	x
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,320	40,360	41,965	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,752	46,448	31,350	x	x	x
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	74,705	37,250	37,460	x	x	x
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,639	55,984	33,358	x	x	x
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,830	24,985	32,845	x	x	x
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,109	8,479	7,827	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	62,275	31,895	30,385	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,171	53,757	32,059	x	x	x
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	85,020	41,550	43,465	x	x	x
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	25,660	14,495	11,160	x	x	x
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,055	67,555	45,086	x	x	x
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	63,595	74,193	49,832	x	x	x
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	x	x	x
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.6	90.7	82.9	x	x	x
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.2	75.0	65.3	x	x	x
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.4	9.3	17.1	x	x	x
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	85,015	41,575	43,445	x	x	x
Without total income	2,760	1,260	1,500	x	x	x
With total income	82,260	40,315	41,950	x	x	x
Percentage with total income	96.8	97.0	96.6	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,640	4,185	6,455	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	13,555	4,950	8,600	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	11,215	4,370	6,845	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	9,860	4,215	5,645	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	8,450	3,820	4,630	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	6,520	3,435	3,085	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	5,215	3,120	2,095	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	4,115	2,640	1,475	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	3,260	2,155	1,105	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	2,350	1,675	680	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	7,075	5,740	1,340	x	x	x
$100,000 to $149,999	5,285	4,270	1,015	x	x	x
$150,000 and over	1,790	1,470	320	x	x	x
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	85,020	41,570	43,445	x	x	x
Without after-tax income	2,665	1,200	1,470	x	x	x
With after-tax income	82,355	40,375	41,980	x	x	x
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	97.1	96.6	x	x	x
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,120	4,395	6,725	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	14,265	5,350	8,915	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	13,460	5,370	8,090	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	11,300	4,950	6,350	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	9,365	4,665	4,695	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	6,810	4,060	2,750	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	5,085	3,325	1,765	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	3,845	2,615	1,230	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	7,095	5,645	1,450	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,435	1,870	565	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,580	1,250	330	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	3,080	2,525	555	x	x	x
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	85,020	41,570	43,445	x	x	x
Without employment income	22,740	9,650	13,085	x	x	x
With employment income	62,275	31,920	30,360	x	x	x
Percentage with employment income	73.2	76.8	69.9	x	x	x
Under $5,000 (including loss)	10,225	4,810	5,415	x	x	x
$5,000 to $9,999	4,595	1,870	2,730	x	x	x
$10,000 to $19,999	7,775	3,035	4,735	x	x	x
$20,000 to $29,999	6,750	2,835	3,910	x	x	x
$30,000 to $39,999	6,065	2,440	3,620	x	x	x
$40,000 to $49,999	5,440	2,335	3,105	x	x	x
$50,000 to $59,999	4,455	2,305	2,150	x	x	x
$60,000 to $69,999	3,655	2,195	1,460	x	x	x
$70,000 to $79,999	3,115	2,025	1,095	x	x	x
$80,000 and over	10,195	8,060	2,135	x	x	x
$80,000 to $89,999	2,595	1,770	825	x	x	x
$90,000 to $99,999	1,970	1,450	525	x	x	x
$100,000 and over	5,625	4,840	785	x	x	x
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	42,855	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,336	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,169	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,540	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,058	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,356	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,320	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,000	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,794	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	42,860	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	88,757	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,437	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,535	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,495	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,352	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,320	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,065	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,101	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	42,855	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	680	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	505	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,165	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,590	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,700	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,495	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,785	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,715	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,695	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,715	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,320	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,075	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,865	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,655	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,335	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,560	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,845	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,550	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,875	...	...	x	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,290	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,860	...	...	x	...	...
Under $5,000	705	...	...	x	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	515	...	...	x	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,190	...	...	x	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,635	...	...	x	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,970	...	...	x	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,855	...	...	x	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,110	...	...	x	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,960	...	...	x	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,065	...	...	x	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,005	...	...	x	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,945	...	...	x	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,550	...	...	x	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,320	...	...	x	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,820	...	...	x	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,570	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,630	...	...	x	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,715	...	...	x	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,820	...	...	x	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,090	...	...	x	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	29,550	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	91,058	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,719	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	13,395	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,964	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,132	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,920	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,293	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,912	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,380	...	...	x	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,240	...	...	x	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,909	...	...	x	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	29,545	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,042	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,907	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	13,320	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	96,118	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,416	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,940	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,567	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,621	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,395	...	...	x	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,253	...	...	x	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,679	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	17,580	8,725	8,855	x	x	x
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,458	33,286	28,258	x	x	x
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,551	29,771	26,078	x	x	x
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	17,350	8,600	8,750	x	x	x
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,380	44,247	36,579	x	x	x
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,185	36,550	31,861	x	x	x
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	100,755	49,675	51,085	x	x	x
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,875	22,115	24,765	x	x	x
In the bottom decile	10,095	4,880	5,215	x	x	x
In the second decile	8,895	3,880	5,015	x	x	x
In the third decile	8,970	4,160	4,815	x	x	x
In the fourth decile	9,140	4,395	4,750	x	x	x
In the fifth decile	9,775	4,800	4,970	x	x	x
In the top half of the distribution	53,880	27,560	26,320	x	x	x
In the sixth decile	10,310	5,150	5,160	x	x	x
In the seventh decile	10,650	5,380	5,275	x	x	x
In the eighth decile	11,425	5,850	5,575	x	x	x
In the ninth decile	11,960	6,160	5,800	x	x	x
In the top decile	9,530	5,020	4,515	x	x	x
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	97,370	48,015	49,355	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	18,415	9,485	8,930	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	5,925	3,005	2,920	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	61,715	30,260	31,460	x	x	x
65 years and over	17,240	8,270	8,975	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,455	5,710	6,745	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	2,855	1,435	1,420	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	985	490	490	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	7,430	3,460	3,970	x	x	x
65 years and over	2,170	815	1,360	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.8	11.9	13.7	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	15.5	15.1	15.9	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	16.6	16.3	16.8	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	12.0	11.4	12.6	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	12.6	9.9	15.2	x	x	x
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,665	3,825	3,845	x	x	x
0 to 17 years	1,535	790	745	x	x	x
0 to 5 years	510	275	235	x	x	x
18 to 64 years	5,760	2,875	2,885	x	x	x
65 years and over	370	155	220	x	x	x
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.9	8.0	7.8	x	x	x
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.3	8.3	x	x	x
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	9.2	8.0	x	x	x
18 to 64 years (%)	9.3	9.5	9.2	x	x	x
65 years and over (%)	2.1	1.9	2.5	x	x	x
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	100,755	49,675	51,085	x	x	x
Official languages	100,360	49,520	50,845	x	x	x
English	100,320	49,495	50,825	x	x	x
French	5,525	2,590	2,930	x	x	x
Non-official languages	11,925	5,725	6,200	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	680	330	345	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	75	40	35	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	75	40	40	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	15	10	15	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	10	0	10	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	45	25	20	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	10	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	105	50	55	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	105	55	55	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	15	15	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	85	35	45	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	10	10	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	10	10	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	465	225	245	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	10	10	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	10	10	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	445	205	245	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	10	x	x	x
Nisga'a	10	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	10	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,250	5,395	5,855	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	245	140	105	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	245	145	100	x	x	x
Amharic	10	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	205	125	80	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	30	15	20	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	55	80	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	15	x	x	x
Vietnamese	115	45	70	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	600	205	395	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	40	10	30	x	x	x
Fijian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	25	15	10	x	x	x
Malagasy	10	10	0	x	x	x
Malay	50	25	25	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	520	165	350	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	30	15	20	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	10	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	70	50	20	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	55	40	15	x	x	x
Tamil	15	0	10	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	7,920	3,865	4,050	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	1,000	545	450	x	x	x
Baltic languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
Latvian	25	10	10	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	975	535	445	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	10	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	20	15	0	x	x	x
Croatian	145	55	85	x	x	x
Czech	70	45	25	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	195	110	90	x	x	x
Russian	280	135	140	x	x	x
Serbian	30	15	10	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	25	15	10	x	x	x
Slovak	15	15	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	20	10	x	x	x
Ukrainian	235	140	95	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	15	10	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	2,245	960	1,285	x	x	x
Afrikaans	100	50	55	x	x	x
Danish	60	25	30	x	x	x
Dutch	265	110	160	x	x	x
Frisian	0	10	0	x	x	x
German	1,770	750	1,020	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	25	15	15	x	x	x
Swedish	80	25	50	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	110	70	40	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	2,040	1,040	1,000	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	1,975	1,000	970	x	x	x
Bengali	40	35	10	x	x	x
Gujarati	40	15	25	x	x	x
Hindi	545	300	250	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	10	10	0	x	x	x
Nepali	30	15	15	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,535	735	800	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	135	90	45	x	x	x
Iranian languages	65	35	25	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	60	40	25	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	2,725	1,345	1,375	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	1,135	580	555	x	x	x
Portuguese	260	145	115	x	x	x
Romanian	55	30	25	x	x	x
Spanish	1,320	615	705	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	495	190	305	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	180	70	110	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	150	85	60	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	10	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	10	10	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	30	20	10	x	x	x
Swahili	20	10	10	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	35	25	10	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	15	30	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	210	70	135	x	x	x
American Sign Language	120	35	85	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e.	90	40	50	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,030	540	495	x	x	x
Chinese languages	1,030	535	485	x	x	x
Cantonese	380	190	190	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	10	x	x	x
Mandarin	655	355	295	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	10	20	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	75	30	40	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	70	15	55	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	70	20	55	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	25	15	10	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	25	15	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	245	110	135	x	x	x
Estonian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	110	55	60	x	x	x
Hungarian	130	60	70	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	x	x	x
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	100,755	49,670	51,080	x	x	x
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	97,010	47,795	49,210	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,720	9,680	9,040	x	x	x
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	78,290	38,120	40,170	x	x	x
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,745	1,875	1,870	x	x	x
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	100,755	49,675	51,085	x	x	x
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	89,965	44,415	45,550	x	x	x
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	9,445	4,505	4,940	x	x	x
Before 1981	4,885	2,365	2,520	x	x	x
1981 to 1990	935	435	495	x	x	x
1991 to 2000	1,090	515	575	x	x	x
2001 to 2010	1,390	640	755	x	x	x
2001 to 2005	545	210	330	x	x	x
2006 to 2010	845	425	420	x	x	x
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,140	540	595	x	x	x
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,340	755	595	x	x	x
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	9,445	4,500	4,945	x	x	x
Under 5 years	1,130	580	555	x	x	x
5 to 14 years	1,945	1,015	930	x	x	x
15 to 24 years	2,335	1,060	1,270	x	x	x
25 to 44 years	3,455	1,605	1,850	x	x	x
45 years and over	580	240	345	x	x	x
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	9,440	4,500	4,940	x	x	x
Americas	1,395	615	780	x	x	x
Brazil	20	0	10	x	x	x
Colombia	25	10	15	x	x	x
El Salvador	40	25	20	x	x	x
Guyana	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haiti	10	10	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	40	20	25	x	x	x
Mexico	115	35	75	x	x	x
Peru	30	15	15	x	x	x
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	955	415	535	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	165	75	90	x	x	x
Europe	4,875	2,470	2,405	x	x	x
Bosnia and Herzegovina	35	15	15	x	x	x
Croatia	115	55	55	x	x	x
France	45	25	25	x	x	x
Germany	730	330	390	x	x	x
Greece	30	20	0	x	x	x
Hungary	70	40	30	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	40	25	15	x	x	x
Italy	625	310	315	x	x	x
Netherlands	225	90	130	x	x	x
Poland	170	75	95	x	x	x
Portugal	115	60	50	x	x	x
Romania	55	25	30	x	x	x
Russian Federation	55	20	35	x	x	x
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	10	10	x	x	x
Ukraine	30	10	20	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,925	1,015	910	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	595	330	265	x	x	x
Africa	310	135	175	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	10	0	10	x	x	x
Kenya	25	15	10	x	x	x
Morocco	10	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	150	65	80	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	115	50	65	x	x	x
Asia	2,570	1,125	1,440	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	25	20	10	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	325	160	165	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	70	20	50	x	x	x
India	870	425	450	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	55	25	25	x	x	x
Iraq	0	10	0	x	x	x
Japan	135	30	105	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	130	55	75	x	x	x
Lebanon	10	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	75	40	35	x	x	x
Philippines	490	165	325	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	10	10	10	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwan	80	40	40	x	x	x
Viet Nam	90	35	55	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	195	90	105	x	x	x
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	290	150	140	x	x	x
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,140	545	600	x	x	x
Americas	190	115	75	x	x	x
Brazil	10	10	0	x	x	x
Colombia	10	0	0	x	x	x
Cuba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haiti	10	10	0	x	x	x
Jamaica	30	15	10	x	x	x
Mexico	60	30	30	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	50	25	x	x	x
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Americas	20	10	10	x	x	x
Europe	195	90	105	x	x	x
France	0	10	10	x	x	x
Germany	10	10	10	x	x	x
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	10	x	x	x
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romania	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian Federation	10	0	10	x	x	x
Ukraine	0	0	0	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	80	40	40	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Europe	65	25	40	x	x	x
Africa	50	15	40	x	x	x
Algeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroon	10	10	0	x	x	x
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	x	x	x
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egypt	10	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrea	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Morocco	10	0	0	x	x	x
Nigeria	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somalia	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Africa, Republic of	15	10	0	x	x	x
Tunisia	10	0	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	x	x	x
Asia	650	295	360	x	x	x
Afghanistan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bangladesh	15	0	0	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 59}	110	55	55	x	x	x
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	x	x	x
India	160	85	70	x	x	x
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Iraq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Israel	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japan	35	10	25	x	x	x
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	60	25	30	x	x	x
Lebanon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepal	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pakistan	25	20	0	x	x	x
Philippines	195	60	135	x	x	x
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Taiwan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkey	10	0	10	x	x	x
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	x	x	x
Viet Nam	15	0	10	x	x	x
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	x	x	x
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	50	30	20	x	x	x
Australia	25	10	20	x	x	x
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	20	25	0	x	x	x
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	100,755	49,675	51,085	x	x	x
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	11,295	5,510	5,790	x	x	x
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	18,665	8,980	9,690	x	x	x
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	70,790	35,185	35,610	x	x	x
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,730	2,230	2,505	x	x	x
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,385	1,190	1,195	x	x	x
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	970	565	405	x	x	x
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,410	625	790	x	x	x
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,005	850	1,155	x	x	x
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	325	175	145	x	x	x
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	100,760	49,675	51,085	x	x	x
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10,700	5,135	5,560	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10,385	4,990	5,395	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	6,340	2,995	3,350	x	x	x
Métis	4,030	1,990	2,040	x	x	x
Inuk (Inuit)	15	10	10	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	255	125	130	x	x	x
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	60	20	35	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal identity	90,060	44,535	45,520	x	x	x
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	100,755	49,675	51,080	x	x	x
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	5,085	2,430	2,660	x	x	x
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	95,665	47,245	48,425	x	x	x
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	100,755	49,675	51,080	x	x	x
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	3,160	1,560	1,600	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	3,100	1,540	1,560	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,700	1,310	1,390	x	x	x
Métis single ancestry	400	230	170	x	x	x
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	60	20	40	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	60	20	40	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	8,545	4,155	4,390	x	x	x
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	8,145	3,965	4,180	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,950	2,365	2,590	x	x	x
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,155	1,580	1,575	x	x	x
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	25	20	x	x	x
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	395	190	205	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	380	185	195	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	x	x	x
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	89,050	43,955	45,095	x	x	x
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	100,760	49,675	51,080	x	x	x
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	7,320	3,550	3,770	x	x	x
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	2,515	1,305	1,205	x	x	x
Chinese	1,305	650	650	x	x	x
Black	590	335	255	x	x	x
Filipino	710	255	455	x	x	x
Latin American	315	150	165	x	x	x
Arab	185	110	80	x	x	x
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	255	100	155	x	x	x
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	90	45	50	x	x	x
Korean	240	105	140	x	x	x
Japanese	885	380	505	x	x	x
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	55	30	25	x	x	x
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	175	90	85	x	x	x
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	93,435	46,120	47,315	x	x	x
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	100,755	49,675	51,080	x	x	x
North American Aboriginal origins	11,705	5,715	5,990	x	x	x
First Nations (North American Indian)	8,095	3,885	4,215	x	x	x
Inuit	60	25	30	x	x	x
Métis	4,010	2,015	1,990	x	x	x
Other North American origins	29,195	14,405	14,795	x	x	x
Acadian	50	30	20	x	x	x
American	2,200	1,020	1,180	x	x	x
Canadian	27,815	13,740	14,080	x	x	x
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	x	x	x
Newfoundlander	40	10	35	x	x	x
Nova Scotian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Ontarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Québécois	35	20	15	x	x	x
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	x	x	x
European origins	79,570	39,010	40,560	x	x	x
British Isles origins	55,870	27,160	28,710	x	x	x
Channel Islander	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cornish	0	0	0	x	x	x
English	34,545	16,350	18,195	x	x	x
Irish	20,130	9,680	10,450	x	x	x
Manx	25	15	10	x	x	x
Scottish	25,435	12,385	13,050	x	x	x
Welsh	3,490	1,720	1,770	x	x	x
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,755	1,300	1,455	x	x	x
French origins	12,100	5,950	6,150	x	x	x
Alsatian	0	10	0	x	x	x
Breton	0	0	0	x	x	x
Corsican	0	0	0	x	x	x
French	12,100	5,950	6,150	x	x	x
Western European origins (except French origins)	25,095	12,280	12,815	x	x	x
Austrian	1,510	750	765	x	x	x
Bavarian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Belgian	645	270	375	x	x	x
Dutch	5,390	2,630	2,765	x	x	x
Flemish	75	45	25	x	x	x
Frisian	20	10	15	x	x	x
German	18,745	9,170	9,570	x	x	x
Luxembourger	30	15	15	x	x	x
Swiss	840	425	415	x	x	x
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	15	10	0	x	x	x
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10,980	5,240	5,740	x	x	x
Danish	1,565	725	840	x	x	x
Finnish	1,065	505	555	x	x	x
Icelandic	660	340	320	x	x	x
Norwegian	4,435	2,120	2,315	x	x	x
Swedish	3,795	1,760	2,035	x	x	x
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	520	260	260	x	x	x
Eastern European origins	15,915	7,980	7,935	x	x	x
Bulgarian	15	10	0	x	x	x
Byelorussian	40	20	15	x	x	x
Czech	450	230	220	x	x	x
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	295	165	130	x	x	x
Estonian	110	50	65	x	x	x
Hungarian	1,510	765	750	x	x	x
Latvian	120	70	50	x	x	x
Lithuanian	45	40	0	x	x	x
Moldovan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	4,025	1,940	2,090	x	x	x
Romanian	780	360	410	x	x	x
Russian	3,180	1,500	1,680	x	x	x
Slovak	205	90	115	x	x	x
Ukrainian	7,760	3,945	3,820	x	x	x
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	55	35	20	x	x	x
Southern European origins	8,615	4,235	4,380	x	x	x
Albanian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Bosnian	30	25	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	445	235	210	x	x	x
Cypriot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	395	200	200	x	x	x
Italian	6,080	3,025	3,055	x	x	x
Kosovar	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Maltese	15	0	10	x	x	x
Montenegrin	10	0	10	x	x	x
Portuguese	775	360	415	x	x	x
Serbian	125	55	70	x	x	x
Sicilian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Slovenian	130	75	60	x	x	x
Spanish	780	325	455	x	x	x
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	195	80	110	x	x	x
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	0	x	x	x
Other European origins	920	460	460	x	x	x
Basque	10	0	0	x	x	x
Jewish	240	110	130	x	x	x
Roma (Gypsy)	35	20	10	x	x	x
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	20	10	10	x	x	x
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	630	330	305	x	x	x
Caribbean origins	260	125	135	x	x	x
Antiguan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bahamian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Barbadian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Bermudan	0	0	10	x	x	x
Carib	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cuban	20	0	20	x	x	x
Dominican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Grenadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Jamaican	105	60	40	x	x	x
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Martinican	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montserratan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Puerto Rican	20	0	15	x	x	x
St. Lucian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	30	15	15	x	x	x
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	10	25	x	x	x
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins	910	475	435	x	x	x
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	40	20	20	x	x	x
Arawak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Argentinian	15	10	10	x	x	x
Belizean	25	10	15	x	x	x
Bolivian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Brazilian	65	45	20	x	x	x
Chilean	55	30	25	x	x	x
Colombian	25	10	15	x	x	x
Costa Rican	20	10	10	x	x	x
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Guatemalan	30	20	10	x	x	x
Guyanese	15	15	0	x	x	x
Hispanic	10	10	0	x	x	x
Honduran	10	0	10	x	x	x
Maya	10	0	0	x	x	x
Mexican	475	245	225	x	x	x
Nicaraguan	25	15	10	x	x	x
Panamanian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Paraguayan	30	10	20	x	x	x
Peruvian	25	15	10	x	x	x
Salvadorean	35	15	20	x	x	x
Uruguayan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Venezuelan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	10	10	x	x	x
African origins	780	425	350	x	x	x
Central and West African origins	180	105	75	x	x	x
Akan	0	10	0	x	x	x
Angolan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ashanti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beninese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burkinabe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cameroonian	15	0	0	x	x	x
Chadian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Congolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gabonese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gambian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Ghanaian	25	15	10	x	x	x
Guinean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ibo	25	10	15	x	x	x
Ivorian	10	10	0	x	x	x
Liberian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malinké	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nigerian	85	55	35	x	x	x
Peulh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Senegalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Togolese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	15	15	0	x	x	x
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	x	x	x
North African origins	35	15	20	x	x	x
Algerian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber	0	0	0	x	x	x
Coptic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Egyptian	10	0	10	x	x	x
Libyan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maure	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moroccan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Sudanese	0	10	0	x	x	x
Tunisian	10	10	0	x	x	x
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins	270	125	140	x	x	x
Afrikaner	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amhara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burundian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Djiboutian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eritrean	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ethiopian	20	10	10	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kenyan	0	10	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	10	0	10	x	x	x
Mauritian	35	15	20	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rwandan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Seychellois	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
South African	150	65	90	x	x	x
Tanzanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ugandan	10	0	0	x	x	x
Zambian	10	10	10	x	x	x
Zimbabwean	40	20	15	x	x	x
Zulu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Other African origins	320	195	125	x	x	x
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	80	55	25	x	x	x
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	250	145	105	x	x	x
Asian origins	7,045	3,355	3,695	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	525	285	240	x	x	x
Afghan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	55	45	15	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Assyrian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hazara	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian	100	50	45	x	x	x
Iraqi	10	0	0	x	x	x
Israeli	0	0	0	x	x	x
Jordanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kazakh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurd	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lebanese	135	60	70	x	x	x
Palestinian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Pashtun	0	0	0	x	x	x
Saudi Arabian	65	35	30	x	x	x
Syrian	40	20	20	x	x	x
Tajik	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tatar	10	0	10	x	x	x
Turk	45	30	15	x	x	x
Turkmen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uighur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	15	10	10	x	x	x
Yemeni	0	0	0	x	x	x
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	50	25	25	x	x	x
South Asian origins	2,650	1,345	1,305	x	x	x
Bangladeshi	30	20	10	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bhutanese	0	0	0	x	x	x
East Indian	2,280	1,135	1,145	x	x	x
Goan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	30	15	10	x	x	x
Pakistani	100	65	25	x	x	x
Punjabi	240	130	115	x	x	x
Sinhalese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sri Lankan	30	10	15	x	x	x
Tamil	10	0	10	x	x	x
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	60	35	30	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,910	1,730	2,180	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	10	x	x	x
Chinese	1,560	750	800	x	x	x
Filipino	885	330	550	x	x	x
Hmong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indonesian	35	15	20	x	x	x
Japanese	1,010	440	570	x	x	x
Karen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	245	110	140	x	x	x
Laotian	10	0	0	x	x	x
Malaysian	30	10	15	x	x	x
Mongolian	25	20	10	x	x	x
Singaporean	0	0	10	x	x	x
Taiwanese	75	40	30	x	x	x
Thai	70	15	55	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vietnamese	130	65	70	x	x	x
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other Asian origins	40	15	20	x	x	x
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	15	20	x	x	x
Oceania origins	625	320	305	x	x	x
Australian	385	185	205	x	x	x
New Zealander	215	130	80	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins	30	0	25	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Hawaiian	15	0	15	x	x	x
Maori	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Samoan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	42,855	...	...	x	...	...
Owner	31,600	...	...	x	...	...
Renter	11,235	...	...	x	...	...
Band housing	25	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	42,860	...	...	x	...	...
Condominium	7,045	...	...	x	...	...
Not condominium	35,810	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	42,860	...	...	x	...	...
No bedrooms	240	...	...	x	...	...
1 bedroom	4,430	...	...	x	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,880	...	...	x	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,415	...	...	x	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	14,895	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	42,855	...	...	x	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,645	...	...	x	...	...
5 rooms	6,020	...	...	x	...	...
6 rooms	5,835	...	...	x	...	...
7 rooms	5,770	...	...	x	...	...
8 or more rooms	15,590	...	...	x	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	42,860	...	...	x	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,580	...	...	x	...	...
More than 1 person per room	275	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	42,860	...	...	x	...	...
Suitable	41,705	...	...	x	...	...
Not suitable	1,150	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	42,855	...	...	x	...	...
1960 or before	4,855	...	...	x	...	...
1961 to 1980	17,265	...	...	x	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,210	...	...	x	...	...
1991 to 2000	7,115	...	...	x	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,230	...	...	x	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,590	...	...	x	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,585	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	42,860	...	...	x	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	40,315	...	...	x	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,545	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	42,855	...	...	x	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,615	...	...	x	...	...
2 household maintainers	16,960	...	...	x	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,280	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	42,855	...	...	x	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,680	...	...	x	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,065	...	...	x	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,435	...	...	x	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,055	...	...	x	...	...
55 to 64 years	9,040	...	...	x	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,820	...	...	x	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,750	...	...	x	...	...
85 years and over	1,010	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	41,045	...	...	x	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	31,845	...	...	x	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	9,200	...	...	x	...	...
30% to less than 100%	8,035	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,145	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.1	...	...	x	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.9	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,116	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,207	...	...	x	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	364,613	...	...	x	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	385,343	...	...	x	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,940	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.4	...	...	x	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.0	...	...	x	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	965	...	...	x	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,026	...	...	x	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	85,015	41,555	43,465	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,315	6,855	6,460	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	26,830	12,865	13,965	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,875	21,835	23,040	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	10,380	8,160	2,210	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,820	2,320	1,505	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	6,555	5,845	715	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,935	5,775	10,160	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,995	1,385	2,610	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	14,570	6,510	8,065	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	9,820	4,175	5,645	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,200	545	655	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	445	315	130	x	x	x
Master's degree	2,655	1,210	1,445	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	450	265	190	x	x	x
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	54,865	26,690	28,170	x	x	x
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,970	2,790	2,180	x	x	x
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,345	7,985	8,365	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,545	15,920	17,625	x	x	x
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,035	5,650	1,390	x	x	x
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,470	1,510	965	x	x	x
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,565	4,145	420	x	x	x
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,040	4,330	7,710	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,875	1,035	1,840	x	x	x
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	11,595	4,900	6,690	x	x	x
Bachelor's degree	7,890	3,230	4,665	x	x	x
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	945	390	555	x	x	x
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	355	230	120	x	x	x
Master's degree	2,090	895	1,195	x	x	x
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	310	155	155	x	x	x
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	85,015	41,550	43,465	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	40,145	19,720	20,425	x	x	x
Education	3,435	885	2,550	x	x	x
13. Education	3,435	885	2,550	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	960	440	520	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	215	155	55	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	740	285	460	x	x	x
Humanities	1,820	780	1,040	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	130	45	90	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	525	170	355	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	500	205	295	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	60	35	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	320	180	145	x	x	x
54. History	215	120	90	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,725	1,090	2,635	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	35	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	310	105	205	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	855	90	765	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	825	215	610	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	25	20	x	x	x
42. Psychology	590	150	445	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	1,060	505	555	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	8,795	2,885	5,910	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,100	185	915	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,670	2,695	4,980	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,340	795	550	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	535	280	260	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	335	170	165	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	390	315	70	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	30	45	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,125	655	470	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	925	570	350	x	x	x
25. Library science	100	20	80	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	55	40	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,880	10,270	610	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	145	110	30	x	x	x
14. Engineering	1,160	1,000	165	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,605	1,450	155	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	3,245	3,150	90	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,340	3,220	115	x	x	x
48. Precision production	1,385	1,340	40	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,585	1,020	560	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	550	270	280	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,035	755	285	x	x	x
Health and related fields	7,920	1,290	6,630	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	435	230	205	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	7,360	960	6,395	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	125	95	30	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,295	1,725	1,570	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	1,930	535	1,395	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	10	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	50	30	20	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	500	390	110	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	810	770	40	x	x	x
Other	0	0	0	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	x	x	x
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	54,860	26,690	28,170	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	21,315	10,770	10,540	x	x	x
Education	2,265	500	1,760	x	x	x
13. Education	2,265	505	1,760	x	x	x
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	730	340	390	x	x	x
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	100	45	x	x	x
50. Visual and performing arts	580	240	345	x	x	x
Humanities	1,295	535	760	x	x	x
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	80	20	60	x	x	x
23. English language and literature/letters	385	115	270	x	x	x
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	355	145	210	x	x	x
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	x	x	x
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	40	30	x	x	x
39. Theology and religious vocations	220	130	90	x	x	x
54. History	160	85	80	x	x	x
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	25	x	x	x
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,060	835	2,225	x	x	x
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	30	x	x	x
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	260	80	185	x	x	x
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	655	55	600	x	x	x
22. Legal professions and studies	695	155	540	x	x	x
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	25	15	x	x	x
42. Psychology	480	110	375	x	x	x
45. Social sciences	895	405	485	x	x	x
Business, management and public administration	6,815	2,200	4,615	x	x	x
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	x	x	x
44. Public administration and social service professions	935	145	790	x	x	x
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,865	2,055	3,810	x	x	x
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,015	565	455	x	x	x
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	455	235	220	x	x	x
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	240	115	120	x	x	x
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	x	x	x
40. Physical sciences	270	195	70	x	x	x
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	15	30	x	x	x
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	960	550	405	x	x	x
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	805	490	310	x	x	x
25. Library science	75	20	55	x	x	x
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	40	35	x	x	x
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	x	x	x
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,815	7,315	495	x	x	x
04. Architecture and related services	115	85	30	x	x	x
14. Engineering	880	745	140	x	x	x
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,170	1,035	135	x	x	x
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	x	x	x
46. Construction trades	2,370	2,310	60	x	x	x
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,370	2,275	100	x	x	x
48. Precision production	905	870	35	x	x	x
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,310	790	520	x	x	x
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	435	185	250	x	x	x
03. Natural resources and conservation	870	605	265	x	x	x
Health and related fields	5,880	990	4,890	x	x	x
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	345	170	175	x	x	x
51. Health professions and related programs	5,435	755	4,685	x	x	x
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	65	30	x	x	x
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,410	1,290	1,115	x	x	x
12. Personal and culinary services	1,380	405	975	x	x	x
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	x	x	x
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	x	x	x
43. Security and protective services	430	335	100	x	x	x
49. Transportation and materials moving	580	545	40	x	x	x
Other	0	0	10	x	x	x
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	x	x	x
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	85,020	41,550	43,465	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40,145	19,715	20,425	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,875	21,830	23,045	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	40,865	19,765	21,100	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	32,850	15,620	17,230	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	8,015	4,145	3,865	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,010	2,065	1,940	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,050	645	405	x	x	x
Philippines	245	70	175	x	x	x
India	410	240	170	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	650	355	295	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	145	60	90	x	x	x
France	15	10	15	x	x	x
Other	1,495	695	795	x	x	x
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	54,860	26,690	28,170	x	x	x
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	21,315	10,775	10,540	x	x	x
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,545	15,915	17,625	x	x	x
Location of study inside Canada	30,920	14,640	16,280	x	x	x
Same as province or territory of residence	25,415	11,885	13,535	x	x	x
Different than province or territory of residence	5,500	2,755	2,745	x	x	x
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,630	1,280	1,350	x	x	x
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	660	385	275	x	x	x
Philippines	200	60	145	x	x	x
India	270	145	120	x	x	x
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	320	160	160	x	x	x
China^{Census data footnote 162}	120	45	75	x	x	x
France	10	0	10	x	x	x
Other	1,045	480	570	x	x	x
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	85,020	41,550	43,465	x	x	x
In the labour force	54,370	28,330	26,040	x	x	x
Employed	50,110	25,705	24,405	x	x	x
Unemployed	4,265	2,630	1,640	x	x	x
Not in the labour force	30,645	13,220	17,430	x	x	x
Participation rate	63.9	68.2	59.9	x	x	x
Employment rate	58.9	61.9	56.1	x	x	x
Unemployment rate	7.8	9.3	6.3	x	x	x
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	85,015	41,555	43,470	x	x	x
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,645	11,855	15,790	x	x	x
Worked	57,380	29,695	27,680	x	x	x
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	26,285	14,895	11,395	x	x	x
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	31,090	14,805	16,285	x	x	x
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	41.7	41.2	x	x	x
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	54,375	28,330	26,040	x	x	x
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	815	370	440	x	x	x
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	53,555	27,960	25,600	x	x	x
Employee	47,835	24,535	23,295	x	x	x
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,725	3,425	2,305	x	x	x
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	54,370	28,330	26,040	x	x	x
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	815	375	445	x	x	x
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	53,555	27,955	25,595	x	x	x
0 Management occupations	5,195	3,085	2,110	x	x	x
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	7,450	1,845	5,600	x	x	x
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,940	2,315	630	x	x	x
3 Health occupations	4,445	830	3,615	x	x	x
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	6,025	1,940	4,080	x	x	x
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,190	560	635	x	x	x
6 Sales and service occupations	13,105	5,205	7,905	x	x	x
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	10,115	9,560	555	x	x	x
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,615	1,330	285	x	x	x
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,475	1,290	185	x	x	x
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	54,370	28,335	26,045	x	x	x
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	815	375	445	x	x	x
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	53,555	27,960	25,600	x	x	x
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,060	750	310	x	x	x
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,990	1,775	215	x	x	x
22 Utilities	285	255	30	x	x	x
23 Construction	4,615	4,080	540	x	x	x
31-33 Manufacturing	2,860	2,260	600	x	x	x
41 Wholesale trade	1,385	1,075	310	x	x	x
44-45 Retail trade	6,740	3,040	3,700	x	x	x
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,990	2,425	570	x	x	x
51 Information and cultural industries	790	465	325	x	x	x
52 Finance and insurance	1,385	505	880	x	x	x
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	885	455	435	x	x	x
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,115	1,535	1,585	x	x	x
55 Management of companies and enterprises	45	20	25	x	x	x
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,095	1,135	960	x	x	x
61 Educational services	3,595	1,150	2,445	x	x	x
62 Health care and social assistance	7,275	1,135	6,140	x	x	x
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,590	840	755	x	x	x
72 Accommodation and food services	5,040	2,130	2,910	x	x	x
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,640	1,220	1,415	x	x	x
91 Public administration	3,170	1,710	1,460	x	x	x
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	50,110	25,705	24,405	x	x	x
Worked at home	2,785	1,125	1,655	x	x	x
Worked outside Canada	75	55	20	x	x	x
No fixed workplace address	6,800	5,235	1,570	x	x	x
Worked at usual place	40,450	19,285	21,155	x	x	x
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	40,450	19,290	21,155	x	x	x
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	32,310	14,065	18,245	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,855	4,340	2,515	x	x	x
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	870	560	305	x	x	x
Commute to a different province or territory	415	325	90	x	x	x
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	47,250	24,525	22,730	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a driver	38,080	19,820	18,260	x	x	x
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,110	1,575	1,530	x	x	x
Public transit	1,925	795	1,130	x	x	x
Walked	2,600	1,250	1,345	x	x	x
Bicycle	535	385	150	x	x	x
Other method	1,005	695	305	x	x	x
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	47,245	24,525	22,725	x	x	x
Less than 15 minutes	19,560	9,330	10,235	x	x	x
15 to 29 minutes	19,565	9,910	9,660	x	x	x
30 to 44 minutes	4,140	2,340	1,800	x	x	x
45 to 59 minutes	1,555	1,070	485	x	x	x
60 minutes and over	2,425	1,870	550	x	x	x
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	47,250	24,525	22,725	x	x	x
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,965	2,245	720	x	x	x
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	8,285	5,555	2,735	x	x	x
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	13,450	6,800	6,655	x	x	x
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	9,815	3,800	6,015	x	x	x
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,600	1,700	2,900	x	x	x
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	8,135	4,430	3,705	x	x	x
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	59,375	30,630	28,745	x	x	x
Single responses	59,225	30,570	28,655	x	x	x
Official languages	59,030	30,450	28,580	x	x	x
English	58,920	30,430	28,490	x	x	x
French	110	25	90	x	x	x
Non-official languages	195	120	75	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Blackfoot	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Atikamekw	0	0	0	x	x	x
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Moose Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Naskapi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Plains Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Woods Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malecite	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ojibway	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Beaver	0	0	0	x	x	x
Carrier	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chilcotin	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dene	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gwich'in	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sekani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	x	x	x
South Slavey	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tahltan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	x	x	x
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuktitut	0	0	0	x	x	x
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cayuga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mohawk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oneida	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kutenai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Michif	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages	10	0	10	x	x	x
Comox	0	0	0	x	x	x
Halkomelem	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lillooet	0	0	0	x	x	x
Okanagan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	0	x	x	x
Squamish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Straits	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dakota	0	0	0	x	x	x
Stoney	0	0	0	x	x	x
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tlingit	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nisga'a	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tsimshian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haisla	0	0	0	x	x	x
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal languages	185	120	65	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kabyle	0	0	0	x	x	x
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bilen	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oromo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Somali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Amharic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Arabic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Harari	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hebrew	0	0	0	x	x	x
Maltese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tigrigna	0	0	0	x	x	x
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	10	x	x	x
Vietnamese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bikol	0	0	0	x	x	x
Cebuano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fijian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ilocano	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malagasy	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malay	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pangasinan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	x	x	x
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kannada	0	0	0	x	x	x
Malayalam	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tamil	0	0	0	x	x	x
Telugu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-European languages	85	40	40	x	x	x
Albanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Armenian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Baltic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Latvian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lithuanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages	0	0	10	x	x	x
Belarusan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bosnian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bulgarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Czech	0	0	0	x	x	x
Macedonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Polish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Russian	0	0	10	x	x	x
Serbian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovak	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ukrainian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Welsh	0	0	0	x	x	x
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Afrikaans	0	0	0	x	x	x
Danish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dutch	0	0	0	x	x	x
Frisian	0	0	0	x	x	x
German	0	0	0	x	x	x
Icelandic	0	0	0	x	x	x
Norwegian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swedish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yiddish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Greek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages	65	30	35	x	x	x
Indo-Aryan languages	70	35	35	x	x	x
Bengali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Gujarati	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hindi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kashmiri	0	0	0	x	x	x
Konkani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Marathi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nepali	0	0	0	x	x	x
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Punjabi (Panjabi)	70	35	35	x	x	x
Sindhi	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Urdu	0	0	0	x	x	x
Iranian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kurdish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Pashto	0	0	0	x	x	x
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	x	x	x
Catalan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Italian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Portuguese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Romanian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Spanish	10	10	0	x	x	x
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Japanese	10	10	0	x	x	x
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Georgian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Korean	25	25	0	x	x	x
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mongolian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Bamanankan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Edo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ewe	0	0	0	x	x	x
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ga	0	0	0	x	x	x
Ganda	0	0	0	x	x	x
Igbo	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lingala	0	0	0	x	x	x
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Shona	0	0	0	x	x	x
Swahili	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wolof	0	0	0	x	x	x
Yoruba	0	0	0	x	x	x
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Dinka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
American Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	55	15	x	x	x
Chinese languages	70	55	15	x	x	x
Cantonese	35	25	0	x	x	x
Hakka	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mandarin	30	20	0	x	x	x
Min Dong	0	0	0	x	x	x
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	x	x	x
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	x	x	x
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Burmese	0	0	0	x	x	x
Karenic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibetan	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Lao	0	0	0	x	x	x
Thai	0	0	0	x	x	x
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uyghur	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uzbek	0	0	0	x	x	x
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages	0	0	0	x	x	x
Estonian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Finnish	0	0	0	x	x	x
Hungarian	0	0	0	x	x	x
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	x	x	x
Multiple responses	150	60	90	x	x	x
English and French	45	30	15	x	x	x
English and non-official language	100	30	70	x	x	x
French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	10	x	x	x
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	59,375	30,630	28,750	x	x	x
None	58,355	30,205	28,155	x	x	x
English	175	70	100	x	x	x
French	340	120	220	x	x	x
Non-official language	460	210	255	x	x	x
Aboriginal	65	25	45	x	x	x
Non-Aboriginal	395	185	215	x	x	x
English and French	0	0	0	x	x	x
English and non-official language	10	0	10	x	x	x
French and non-official language	40	25	15	x	x	x
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	99,795	49,195	50,605	x	x	x
Non-movers	83,115	41,025	42,095	x	x	x
Movers	16,680	8,170	8,510	x	x	x
Non-migrants	10,580	5,100	5,475	x	x	x
Migrants	6,100	3,065	3,035	x	x	x
Internal migrants	5,545	2,790	2,750	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	4,095	2,075	2,025	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	1,445	715	730	x	x	x
External migrants	555	275	280	x	x	x
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	95,740	47,080	48,660	x	x	x
Non-movers	55,115	27,005	28,115	x	x	x
Movers	40,620	20,080	20,545	x	x	x
Non-migrants	22,950	11,350	11,590	x	x	x
Migrants	17,675	8,725	8,950	x	x	x
Internal migrants	15,595	7,680	7,920	x	x	x
Intraprovincial migrants	11,840	5,805	6,040	x	x	x
Interprovincial migrants	3,760	1,875	1,880	x	x	x
External migrants	2,075	1,045	1,030	x	x	x

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Kamloops [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Nanaimo River 2, IRI [Designated place], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 31, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kamloops [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Nanaimo River 2, Indian reserve [Designated place], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Kamloops [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Nanaimo River 2, Indian reserve [Designated place], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kamloops [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Nanaimo River 2, Indian reserve [Designated place], British Columbia