Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Abbotsford - Mission British Columbia [Census metropolitan area]			Muskoday First Nation, IRI Saskatchewan [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia Map : Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	180,518	...	...	647	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	170,191	...	...	688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.1	...	...	-6.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	65,967	...	...	217	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	62,631	...	...	205	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	297.3	...	...	6.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	607.13	...	...	98.72	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	180,515	89,440	91,075	645	335	310
0 to 14 years	33,295	17,290	16,010	185	100	85
0 to 4 years	10,760	5,560	5,200	55	30	25
5 to 9 years	11,435	5,925	5,505	70	40	35
10 to 14 years	11,105	5,800	5,305	60	30	25
15 to 64 years	117,755	58,715	59,035	385	200	180
15 to 19 years	11,305	5,830	5,480	40	20	20
20 to 24 years	11,450	5,895	5,560	40	20	15
25 to 29 years	11,590	5,860	5,730	45	20	25
30 to 34 years	12,335	6,085	6,250	40	25	20
35 to 39 years	11,600	5,745	5,855	40	20	25
40 to 44 years	11,360	5,615	5,745	40	20	20
45 to 49 years	11,820	5,830	5,990	35	15	15
50 to 54 years	12,680	6,360	6,315	40	20	20
55 to 59 years	12,575	6,145	6,430	40	25	15
60 to 64 years	11,045	5,365	5,680	25	15	10
65 years and over	29,465	13,435	16,030	80	30	50
65 to 69 years	9,655	4,555	5,095	20	5	15
70 to 74 years	6,870	3,325	3,545	25	15	15
75 to 79 years	5,045	2,315	2,735	20	5	10
80 to 84 years	3,765	1,725	2,040	10	5	5
85 years and over	4,125	1,515	2,610	0	0	0
85 to 89 years	2,505	990	1,515	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	1,220	415	805	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	350	100	250	0	0	0
100 years and over	45	10	35	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	19.3	17.6	28.7	29.9	27.4
15 to 64 years	65.2	65.6	64.8	59.7	59.7	58.1
65 years and over	16.3	15.0	17.6	12.4	9.0	16.1
85 years and over	2.3	1.7	2.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	39.9	38.9	40.9	34.4	33.1	35.7
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.5	31.7	30.5	34.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
Single-detached house	28,405	...	...	175	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,065	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	32,825	...	...	20	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,575	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	4,820	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	12,830	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	13,530	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	80	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	335	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
1 person	14,510	...	...	35	...	...
2 persons	19,950	...	...	50	...	...
3 persons	9,270	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	9,210	...	...	35	...	...
5 or more persons	9,690	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	176,325	...	...	650	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	147,215	72,155	75,065	465	235	225
Married or living common law	88,800	44,610	44,195	205	100	105
Married	78,485	39,475	39,010	130	65	70
Living common law	10,315	5,130	5,180	70	35	35
Not married and not living common law	58,420	27,545	30,870	260	140	125
Never married	36,990	20,330	16,655	200	115	85
Separated	4,115	1,805	2,310	5	5	5
Divorced	9,010	3,610	5,400	35	15	15
Widowed	8,305	1,795	6,505	25	0	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	50,290	...	...	180	...	...
2 persons	24,135	...	...	75	...	...
3 persons	10,285	...	...	55	...	...
4 persons	10,515	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	5,360	...	...	20	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	50,290	...	...	180	...	...
Total couple families	42,740	...	...	100	...	...
Married couples	37,580	...	...	65	...	...
Common-law couples	5,155	...	...	35	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,555	...	...	85	...	...
Female parent	5,925	...	...	55	...	...
Male parent	1,630	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	42,740	...	...	100	...	...
Couples without children	19,775	...	...	45	...	...
Couples with children	22,965	...	...	55	...	...
1 child	8,015	...	...	30	...	...
2 children	9,840	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	5,115	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,550	...	...	80	...	...
1 child	4,355	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	2,270	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	925	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	26,345	12,425	13,915	110	70	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
One-census-family households	41,895	...	...	150	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	16,225	...	...	40	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	25,670	...	...	105	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	3,975	...	...	15	...	...
Non-census-family households	16,770	...	...	40	...	...
One-person households	14,510	...	...	35	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,260	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	177,465	87,620	89,840	645	335	315
English only	160,740	80,325	80,420	645	330	310
French only	45	25	25	0	0	0
English and French	8,240	3,615	4,625	0	0	5
Neither English nor French	8,435	3,660	4,775	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	177,465	87,625	89,840	650	335	310
English	167,310	83,100	84,210	645	335	315
French	1,295	660	635	0	5	0
English and French	520	250	275	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	8,340	3,615	4,720	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,555	785	770	0	0	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.9	0.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	177,465	87,620	89,840	645	335	310
Single responses	173,540	85,705	87,840	645	335	315
Official languages	123,520	61,355	62,160	635	330	305
English	122,100	60,645	61,455	635	330	305
French	1,415	715	700	0	0	0
Non-official languages	50,025	24,350	25,675	10	5	5
Aboriginal languages	50	25	25	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	10	5	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	25	10	15	10	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	5	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lillooet	5	5	5	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	49,980	24,325	25,655	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	435	245	195	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	420	230	190	5	0	0
Amharic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	370	205	165	0	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	955	430	520	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	915	420	505	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,195	465	730	0	0	0
Bikol	10	5	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	20	40	0	0	0
Fijian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	55	25	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	45	15	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	970	375	595	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	155	75	80	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	85	40	45	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	20	0	0	0
Telugu	40	25	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	42,800	20,985	21,815	0	0	0
Albanian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Armenian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,750	820	935	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,740	810	930	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	80	50	35	0	0	0
Czech	135	65	70	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	445	220	230	0	0	0
Russian	530	230	300	0	0	0
Serbian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	85	40	45	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	285	130	150	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	10	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	7,000	3,220	3,780	0	0	0
Afrikaans	130	60	75	0	0	0
Danish	160	85	80	0	0	0
Dutch	1,455	685	770	0	0	0
Frisian	35	20	20	0	0	0
German	5,055	2,295	2,755	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Swedish	70	25	40	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	85	45	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	31,560	15,705	15,855	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	31,215	15,515	15,700	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	80	40	40	0	0	0
Hindi	655	305	350	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	5	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30,140	14,990	15,150	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Urdu	235	120	115	0	0	0
Iranian languages	330	180	145	0	0	0
Kurdish	60	35	30	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	255	140	115	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,275	1,125	1,150	0	0	0
Catalan	0	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	265	140	125	0	0	0
Portuguese	240	115	125	0	0	0
Romanian	360	180	175	0	0	0
Spanish	1,410	690	720	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	240	95	145	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,265	595	670	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	50	25	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dinka	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	45	20	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,775	850	925	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,775	850	930	0	0	0
Cantonese	560	290	270	0	0	0
Hakka	25	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,025	465	560	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65	25	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	90	45	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	260	125	135	0	0	0
Lao	210	105	105	0	0	0
Thai	50	15	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60	30	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	50	30	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	520	255	260	0	0	0
Estonian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Finnish	145	65	85	0	0	0
Hungarian	355	185	170	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,925	1,920	2,005	0	0	0
English and French	275	125	160	0	0	0
English and non-official language	3,525	1,740	1,785	5	5	0
French and non-official language	60	25	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	60	30	30	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	177,465	87,620	89,845	650	335	315
Single responses	167,855	82,820	85,035	645	335	310
Official languages	137,695	67,990	69,700	645	335	315
English	137,445	67,875	69,570	645	335	315
French	250	120	135	0	0	0
Non-official languages	30,160	14,830	15,335	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30,145	14,820	15,325	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	235	115	120	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	235	115	120	0	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	215	105	110	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	650	290	360	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	645	285	360	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	390	180	210	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	330	160	170	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	50	20	30	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	15	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	26,190	12,935	13,250	0	0	0
Albanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	630	305	330	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	625	300	325	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	155	80	75	0	0	0
Russian	305	140	165	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	860	385	475	0	0	0
Afrikaans	75	30	40	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	85	40	50	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	675	300	375	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	23,700	11,730	11,970	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	23,515	11,640	11,880	0	0	0
Bengali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	315	150	160	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	23,015	11,395	11,615	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	130	65	65	0	0	0
Iranian languages	170	90	85	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	135	70	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	940	490	450	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	30	25	0	0	0
Romanian	180	85	90	0	0	0
Spanish	680	360	315	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	110	50	55	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,000	450	550	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dinka	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	75	40	35	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	60	30	30	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,075	550	525	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,080	550	525	0	0	0
Cantonese	295	155	140	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	715	360	355	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	115	60	50	0	0	0
Lao	95	50	50	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	105	55	55	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	75	35	40	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	9,610	4,805	4,805	0	0	0
English and French	170	70	100	0	0	0
English and non-official language	9,300	4,675	4,620	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	115	45	70	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	177,460	87,625	89,840	645	335	315
None	156,395	77,240	79,155	630	325	300
English	9,575	4,880	4,695	0	0	0
French	1,200	520	680	0	0	0
Non-official language	10,035	4,845	5,195	20	10	10
Aboriginal	40	20	20	15	5	10
Non-Aboriginal	10,000	4,830	5,170	0	0	0
English and French	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	110	50	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	105	55	50	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	143,090	69,870	73,225	465	235	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	137,185	67,115	70,070	435	225	210
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,370	39,336	24,260	19,200	17,920	19,264
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	137,350	67,260	70,090	435	225	215
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,737	34,507	23,178	18,944	17,728	19,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	121,295	60,935	60,355	295	155	135
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,148	39,291	21,463	18,400	19,456	17,728
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	98,355	41,830	56,525	395	200	200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,603	4,009	6,294	2,920	854	8,128
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	104,680	54,015	50,670	260	140	120
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,555	39,501	22,041	20,096	20,128	18,667
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	143,095	69,875	73,220	460	235	230
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	137,165	66,950	70,215	435	225	210
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,315	48,900	32,129	24,078	23,864	24,300
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	137,310	67,080	70,235	435	220	215
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,458	40,593	28,599	22,694	22,027	23,385
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	121,185	60,645	60,545	295	160	140
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,412	48,964	29,844	26,239	27,637	24,670
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	98,170	41,665	56,505	400	195	200
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,677	7,309	7,948	6,946	5,007	8,856
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	104,680	53,790	50,885	265	140	125
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,531	47,385	29,172	27,246	28,296	26,024
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	143,095	69,875	73,225	465	235	225
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	43,910	26,590	17,320	90	40	50
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,369	57,688	42,530	35,712	35,264	37,632
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,353	63,812	47,436	39,493	38,455	40,379
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.4	90.7	80.1	73.9	81.6	66.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	73.1	78.0	65.9	67.6	76.4	59.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.6	9.3	19.9	26.2	18.6	34.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	143,090	69,870	73,225	465	235	225
Without total income	5,910	2,755	3,155	30	15	15
With total income	137,185	67,120	70,070	435	225	215
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.1	95.7	93.5	95.7	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	20,400	8,275	12,125	150	85	65
$10,000 to $19,999	27,180	10,305	16,875	95	35	60
$20,000 to $29,999	20,305	8,030	12,280	70	40	25
$30,000 to $39,999	16,600	7,445	9,150	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	13,510	6,795	6,715	25	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	10,565	6,100	4,470	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	7,690	4,960	2,740	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	5,895	4,010	1,880	10	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	4,565	3,150	1,410	10	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,970	2,110	855	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	7,500	5,940	1,560	0	0	5
$100,000 to $149,999	5,585	4,380	1,205	0	0	5
$150,000 and over	1,920	1,565	360	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	143,095	69,870	73,220	460	235	230
Without after-tax income	5,740	2,610	3,135	30	10	15
With after-tax income	137,355	67,260	70,090	435	220	215
Percentage with after-tax income	96.0	96.3	95.7	94.6	93.6	93.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	21,105	8,700	12,410	150	85	65
$10,000 to $19,999	28,570	11,130	17,445	100	40	60
$20,000 to $29,999	23,855	9,690	14,165	70	45	25
$30,000 to $39,999	18,935	8,920	10,010	40	20	20
$40,000 to $49,999	14,725	8,025	6,700	30	10	20
$50,000 to $59,999	10,255	6,475	3,775	15	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	7,190	4,900	2,290	15	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	4,915	3,400	1,505	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	7,810	6,020	1,790	5	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,865	2,120	750	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,645	1,275	375	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	3,295	2,625	670	0	5	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	143,090	69,870	73,225	465	235	230
Without employment income	38,415	15,855	22,555	200	95	110
With employment income	104,680	54,015	50,665	265	140	120
Percentage with employment income	73.2	77.3	69.2	57.0	59.6	52.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	15,400	6,850	8,555	55	30	30
$5,000 to $9,999	9,000	3,350	5,645	30	20	15
$10,000 to $19,999	15,690	6,230	9,460	45	25	20
$20,000 to $29,999	12,830	5,525	7,305	45	30	15
$30,000 to $39,999	11,230	5,285	5,945	35	15	15
$40,000 to $49,999	9,955	5,230	4,720	10	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	7,950	4,855	3,095	15	10	5
$60,000 to $69,999	5,935	4,030	1,905	10	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	4,735	3,365	1,370	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	11,960	9,300	2,660	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,780	2,695	1,080	5	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,420	1,765	655	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	5,765	4,840	920	5	0	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	62,635	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,598	...	...	38,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,890	...	...	38,336	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	14,510	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,574	...	...	19,669	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,478	...	...	19,669	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	48,120	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,609	...	...	44,160	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,727	...	...	44,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	88,291	...	...	51,210	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	75,546	...	...	48,266	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	14,510	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,676	...	...	19,097	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,098	...	...	18,647	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	48,120	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,647	...	...	57,595	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,741	...	...	54,155	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
Under $5,000	930	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	665	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,580	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,330	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,510	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,260	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,580	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,520	...	...	10	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,445	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,565	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,735	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	4,580	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,410	...	...	10	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,095	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,780	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	20,650	...	...	25	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,370	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,960	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5,050	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,270	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
Under $5,000	985	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	680	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,605	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,400	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,880	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,730	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,025	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,900	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,010	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,915	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,615	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,255	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5,025	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,460	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,745	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,405	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,750	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,970	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 and over	4,690	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	46,760	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,555	...	...	44,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,824	...	...	44,032	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	15,930	...	...	35	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,985	...	...	51,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,861	...	...	51,840	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	22,745	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,549	...	...	72,192	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,978	...	...	70,144	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.4	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	6,500	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,728	...	...	27,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,871	...	...	27,648	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	46,700	...	...	170	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,719	...	...	56,636	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,872	...	...	53,275	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	15,900	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	93,388	...	...	69,788	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,382	...	...	64,032	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	22,795	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,698	...	...	77,696	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,855	...	...	72,493	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	6,415	...	...	65	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,589	...	...	35,674	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,934	...	...	34,575	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	21,000	10,250	10,755	45	30	20
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,243	33,372	26,240	19,296	19,648	0
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,862	29,946	24,837	19,296	19,648	0
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	20,930	10,305	10,625	45	30	20
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,245	40,927	33,674	17,752	19,916	14,334
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,233	34,566	29,971	17,095	18,862	14,306
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	176,325	87,130	89,205	645	335	315
In the bottom half of the distribution	92,985	44,625	48,365	550	285	265
In the bottom decile	16,060	7,590	8,470	230	115	110
In the second decile	17,420	7,850	9,575	115	55	60
In the third decile	18,320	8,785	9,535	80	45	40
In the fourth decile	21,020	10,385	10,635	60	35	20
In the fifth decile	20,165	10,015	10,150	65	35	30
In the top half of the distribution	83,340	42,505	40,835	100	50	50
In the sixth decile	19,690	9,955	9,740	5	5	5
In the seventh decile	18,490	9,330	9,160	40	20	20
In the eighth decile	17,495	8,905	8,590	25	10	15
In the ninth decile	15,695	8,090	7,605	20	10	10
In the top decile	11,975	6,230	5,745	10	5	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	176,045	86,975	89,070	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	39,875	20,645	19,230	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	12,975	6,680	6,295	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	108,940	53,690	55,255	0	0	0
65 years and over	27,225	12,640	14,590	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	22,935	10,485	12,450	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	6,465	3,415	3,050	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	2,000	1,065	940	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	12,635	5,635	7,000	0	0	0
65 years and over	3,835	1,435	2,400	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.0	12.1	14.0	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	16.2	16.5	15.9	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	15.4	15.9	14.9	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	10.5	12.7	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	14.1	11.4	16.4	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	12,650	6,030	6,620	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	3,375	1,760	1,610	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	985	505	480	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	8,410	3,930	4,480	0	0	0
65 years and over	870	335	530	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.2	6.9	7.4	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	8.5	8.5	8.4	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	7.6	7.6	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	7.7	7.3	8.1	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	3.2	2.7	3.6	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	176,330	87,125	89,200	645	335	310
Official languages	167,900	83,495	84,410	650	335	310
English	167,835	83,460	84,375	650	335	315
French	8,255	3,615	4,645	0	0	0
Non-official languages	59,210	28,905	30,300	40	20	25
Aboriginal languages	95	45	55	45	20	25
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	40	20	25
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	15	10	0	40	20	25
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	10	45	20	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	10	10	10	0	0	0
Michif	10	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lillooet	25	10	15	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	10	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	59,120	28,865	30,250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	770	440	330	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	760	440	320	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	650	380	275	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	45	30	15	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	30	15	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,085	530	555	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	45	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,020	485	540	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,570	580	995	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	95	15	85	0	0	0
Fijian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	10	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	15	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	85	40	45	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,425	510	915	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	120	70	50	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	20	10	15	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	55	30	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	195	85	110	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	80	35	45	0	0	0
Tamil	95	50	45	0	0	0
Telugu	45	20	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50,305	24,835	25,465	0	0	0
Albanian	135	75	65	0	0	0
Armenian	65	35	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,975	915	1,060	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,955	905	1,050	0	0	0
Belarusan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	110	50	60	0	0	0
Bulgarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Croatian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Czech	165	75	90	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	480	200	285	0	0	0
Russian	670	310	360	0	0	0
Serbian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	150	90	60	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	335	150	185	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	7,885	3,680	4,200	0	10	0
Afrikaans	285	130	155	0	0	0
Danish	205	95	110	0	0	0
Dutch	1,725	820	905	0	0	0
Frisian	45	35	10	0	0	0
German	5,575	2,610	2,965	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Swedish	100	40	65	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	160	90	70	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	36,455	18,305	18,150	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	36,225	18,175	18,055	0	0	0
Bengali	30	20	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	155	90	55	0	0	0
Hindi	4,325	2,085	2,235	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	0	10	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	20	10	0	0	0
Nepali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35,075	17,600	17,475	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	80	50	35	0	0	0
Urdu	410	240	165	0	0	0
Iranian languages	250	140	110	0	0	0
Kurdish	70	50	25	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	195	110	90	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,350	2,110	2,240	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	585	285	305	0	0	0
Portuguese	395	195	195	0	0	0
Romanian	395	170	225	0	0	0
Spanish	3,125	1,525	1,600	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	620	295	330	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	1,445	655	785	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	295	135	160	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	10	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	120	60	60	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	50	15	35	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	85	50	35	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	35	15	25	0	0	0
Dinka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sign languages	390	140	255	0	0	0
American Sign Language	195	75	120	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	190	60	130	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,030	985	1,045	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,025	985	1,040	0	0	0
Cantonese	725	350	380	0	0	0
Hakka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,435	675	755	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	70	30	40	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	70	45	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	420	215	205	0	0	0
Lao	340	185	160	0	0	0
Thai	110	50	60	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkic languages	105	60	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	90	55	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	480	215	265	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	170	75	95	0	0	0
Hungarian	295	135	160	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	176,330	87,125	89,200	0	0	0
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	161,545	80,055	81,490	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	38,680	20,205	18,480	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	122,860	59,845	63,010	0	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	14,790	7,075	7,710	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	176,330	87,125	89,200	0	0	0
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	130,310	65,130	65,180	0	0	0
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	43,775	20,875	22,905	0	0	0
Before 1981	11,355	5,535	5,820	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	4,975	2,300	2,675	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	9,605	4,605	5,005	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	11,960	5,610	6,350	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	5,695	2,690	3,005	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	6,270	2,925	3,345	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	5,880	2,820	3,060	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	2,240	1,125	1,110	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	43,780	20,875	22,905	0	0	0
Under 5 years	3,345	1,655	1,690	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	6,290	3,345	2,950	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	12,600	5,470	7,130	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	14,315	7,185	7,130	0	0	0
45 years and over	7,220	3,215	4,005	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	43,780	20,870	22,910	0	0	0
Americas	4,255	1,855	2,400	0	0	0
Brazil	210	95	115	0	0	0
Colombia	125	55	70	0	0	0
El Salvador	355	170	185	0	0	0
Guyana	50	25	25	0	0	0
Haiti	55	35	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	105	65	45	0	0	0
Mexico	220	115	100	0	0	0
Peru	30	10	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	70	40	30	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,735	660	1,075	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	1,300	590	705	0	0	0
Europe	9,790	4,775	5,015	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	75	30	45	0	0	0
Croatia	40	30	10	0	0	0
France	90	35	55	0	0	0
Germany	1,070	540	535	0	0	0
Greece	65	35	30	0	0	0
Hungary	180	90	90	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	120	40	85	0	0	0
Italy	195	100	100	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,315	670	645	0	0	0
Poland	460	190	270	0	0	0
Portugal	65	30	40	0	0	0
Romania	345	145	200	0	0	0
Russian Federation	360	155	200	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ukraine	430	200	230	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	3,660	1,875	1,780	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,295	605	695	0	0	0
Africa	1,175	585	595	0	0	0
Algeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	40	20	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kenya	145	70	70	0	0	0
Morocco	25	20	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	60	30	30	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	375	190	190	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	495	230	260	0	0	0
Asia	27,960	13,345	14,620	0	0	0
Afghanistan	45	30	20	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	730	335	400	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	120	60	60	0	0	0
India	21,975	10,590	11,385	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	100	55	45	0	0	0
Iraq	140	75	60	0	0	0
Japan	190	80	110	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	845	390	455	0	0	0
Lebanon	35	25	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	240	125	110	0	0	0
Philippines	1,370	485	880	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	95	50	45	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	110	45	60	0	0	0
Taiwan	150	70	80	0	0	0
Viet Nam	715	335	385	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,090	580	505	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	590	310	280	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,880	2,815	3,060	0	0	0
Americas	390	185	210	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	30	20	0	0	0
Mexico	55	30	25	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	160	75	85	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	95	30	60	0	0	0
Europe	400	215	185	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	40	10	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	30	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	120	85	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	155	75	75	0	0	0
Africa	180	80	105	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	20	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	85	25	60	0	0	0
Asia	4,835	2,305	2,530	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	135	55	80	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	3,715	1,825	1,890	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	40	15	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	235	95	140	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	15	20	0	0	0
Philippines	420	180	230	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	95	45	50	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	10	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	50	35	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	70	35	30	0	0	0
Australia	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	50	25	25	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	176,330	87,125	89,200	645	335	310
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	47,140	22,535	24,605	10	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	45,375	23,065	22,305	0	0	0
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	83,815	41,525	42,290	635	325	310
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	33,020	15,635	17,385	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	8,545	4,295	4,255	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,340	2,130	1,210	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	5,210	2,165	3,045	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	22,110	10,005	12,105	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	2,235	1,280	955	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	125	55	65	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	176,330	87,125	89,200	650	335	315
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	9,755	4,680	5,075	625	320	305
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	9,390	4,515	4,880	620	320	305
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	4,990	2,430	2,560	620	315	300
Métis	4,370	2,080	2,290	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	30	0	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	255	130	125	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	110	40	70	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	166,575	82,450	84,125	20	15	10
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	176,330	87,125	89,200	645	335	315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,705	1,290	1,415	615	320	300
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	173,620	85,835	87,785	35	20	10
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	176,325	87,130	89,200	645	335	310
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,580	770	815	550	285	265
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,520	735	785	540	280	260
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,055	550	500	535	275	260
Métis single ancestry	460	180	280	0	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	10	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	65	35	30	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	65	35	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	9,290	4,495	4,790	75	35	30
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	8,920	4,340	4,580	75	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,515	2,670	2,845	70	35	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,360	1,655	1,705	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	15	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	370	155	210	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	360	155	205	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	165,455	81,855	83,595	25	10	10
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	176,330	87,125	89,200	645	335	310
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	51,230	25,465	25,765	10	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	38,250	19,295	18,960	0	0	0
Chinese	2,515	1,235	1,280	0	0	0
Black	1,670	850	820	0	0	0
Filipino	1,810	680	1,125	0	0	0
Latin American	1,430	645	785	0	0	0
Arab	375	230	145	0	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,715	865	845	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	230	155	75	0	0	0
Korean	1,515	710	805	0	0	0
Japanese	630	290	340	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	270	145	125	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	810	370	445	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	125,100	61,660	63,440	645	335	310
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	176,330	87,125	89,205	645	335	315
North American Aboriginal origins	10,875	5,270	5,605	620	320	300
First Nations (North American Indian)	7,000	3,415	3,585	615	320	300
Inuit	60	20	40	0	0	0
Métis	4,245	2,030	2,220	10	0	10
Other North American origins	37,550	18,680	18,870	40	25	15
Acadian	125	60	65	0	0	0
American	2,650	1,240	1,405	10	10	0
Canadian	35,735	17,810	17,925	35	15	15
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	30	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	50	25	20	0	0	0
European origins	112,845	55,055	57,790	65	30	30
British Isles origins	69,145	33,450	35,695	40	20	15
Channel Islander	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	43,350	20,725	22,625	0	0	0
Irish	23,050	10,555	12,490	10	10	10
Manx	30	15	20	0	0	0
Scottish	30,715	14,735	15,980	25	15	10
Welsh	3,850	1,715	2,140	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	4,225	2,005	2,225	0	0	0
French origins	15,035	7,045	7,985	15	10	0
Alsatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,035	7,050	7,980	15	10	10
Western European origins (except French origins)	47,370	23,000	24,370	10	10	0
Austrian	1,995	905	1,090	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	605	250	355	0	0	0
Dutch	16,735	8,175	8,560	0	0	0
Flemish	125	60	70	0	0	0
Frisian	120	65	60	0	0	0
German	33,375	16,075	17,300	10	10	0
Luxembourger	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	1,185	560	625	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	14,065	6,580	7,485	10	0	0
Danish	2,390	1,090	1,295	0	0	0
Finnish	1,610	770	840	0	0	0
Icelandic	925	400	525	0	0	0
Norwegian	5,560	2,600	2,965	10	10	0
Swedish	4,565	2,135	2,430	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	490	245	250	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	24,740	11,970	12,765	15	10	10
Bulgarian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Byelorussian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Czech	590	290	295	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	320	135	185	0	0	0
Estonian	235	125	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	2,595	1,290	1,305	0	0	0
Latvian	110	45	70	0	0	0
Lithuanian	180	70	115	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	5,760	2,610	3,155	0	0	0
Romanian	1,265	620	645	0	0	0
Russian	7,825	3,875	3,945	0	0	0
Slovak	380	210	170	0	0	0
Ukrainian	9,525	4,560	4,965	15	10	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	75	40	35	0	0	0
Southern European origins	9,000	4,560	4,440	0	0	0
Albanian	120	55	70	0	0	0
Bosnian	130	70	65	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	365	200	170	0	0	0
Cypriot	20	20	0	0	0	0
Greek	750	375	375	0	0	0
Italian	4,740	2,440	2,300	0	0	0
Kosovar	45	25	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	125	65	65	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	905	535	370	0	0	0
Serbian	150	80	70	0	0	0
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	140	105	35	0	0	0
Spanish	1,915	830	1,090	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	180	100	80	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,115	600	525	0	0	0
Basque	30	20	10	0	0	0
Jewish	415	225	190	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	630	325	305	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	810	415	390	0	0	0
Antiguan	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	60	20	35	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	55	15	40	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Jamaican	390	220	170	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	115	70	50	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	65	20	45	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,875	1,460	1,420	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	120	55	70	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	255	125	125	0	0	0
Chilean	115	65	50	0	0	0
Colombian	175	95	75	0	0	0
Costa Rican	35	15	15	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	120	60	60	0	0	0
Guyanese	45	35	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	90	40	45	0	0	0
Honduran	45	15	25	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	830	455	375	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	50	20	30	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	315	180	135	0	0	0
Peruvian	75	35	35	0	0	0
Salvadorean	525	215	305	0	0	0
Uruguayan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	45	20	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	200	95	105	0	10	0
African origins	2,090	1,015	1,075	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	220	115	100	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	20	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	10	20	0	0	0
North African origins	310	175	135	0	0	0
Algerian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	30	20	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	65	45	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	135	60	75	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	735	390	345	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	110	50	65	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	40	10	30	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	380	220	160	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	80	40	40	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	100	60	40	0	0	0
Other African origins	935	415	520	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	90	35	55	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	850	390	465	0	0	0
Asian origins	48,320	24,060	24,260	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,280	730	550	0	0	0
Afghan	85	55	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	75	45	30	0	0	0
Armenian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Assyrian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Iraqi	120	75	50	0	0	0
Israeli	75	30	40	0	0	0
Jordanian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	155	80	70	0	0	0
Palestinian	55	40	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Syrian	125	55	70	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	20	10	15	0	0	0
Turk	115	70	45	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	15	10	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	75	55	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins	37,915	19,100	18,815	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	33,340	16,735	16,600	0	0	0
Goan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	370	205	165	0	0	0
Punjabi	5,245	2,650	2,595	0	0	0
Sinhalese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	100	65	40	0	0	0
Tamil	20	20	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	430	220	210	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	9,140	4,255	4,885	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	90	60	35	0	0	0
Chinese	3,320	1,580	1,740	0	0	0
Filipino	2,065	795	1,270	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	115	60	50	0	0	0
Japanese	730	340	385	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,525	715	810	0	0	0
Laotian	470	260	215	0	0	0
Malaysian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Mongolian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	65	35	30	0	0	0
Thai	175	70	105	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,165	570	595	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	55	25	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	125	60	65	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	125	60	65	0	0	0
Oceania origins	1,045	545	500	0	0	0
Australian	495	255	235	0	0	0
New Zealander	90	65	25	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	480	235	245	0	0	0
Fijian	315	140	175	0	0	0
Hawaiian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Maori	50	30	15	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	40	30	20	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
Owner	44,825	...	...	15	...	...
Renter	17,800	...	...	0	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
Condominium	13,445	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	49,185	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
No bedrooms	285	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	6,200	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	17,065	...	...	35	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,555	...	...	95	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	23,530	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15,835	...	...	35	...	...
5 rooms	8,515	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	7,770	...	...	50	...	...
7 rooms	6,870	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	23,645	...	...	25	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
One person or fewer per room	60,670	...	...	195	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,960	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	62,635	...	...	205	...	...
Suitable	59,075	...	...	175	...	...
Not suitable	3,560	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
1960 or before	4,285	...	...	0	...	...
1961 to 1980	17,660	...	...	55	...	...
1981 to 1990	13,330	...	...	60	...	...
1991 to 2000	14,130	...	...	35	...	...
2001 to 2005	4,615	...	...	30	...	...
2006 to 2010	5,450	...	...	20	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,165	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	59,625	...	...	160	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,010	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
1 household maintainer	34,270	...	...	130	...	...
2 household maintainers	25,315	...	...	65	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	3,045	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	62,630	...	...	205	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,790	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	8,600	...	...	30	...	...
35 to 44 years	10,995	...	...	35	...	...
45 to 54 years	13,170	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	12,520	...	...	50	...	...
65 to 74 years	8,740	...	...	35	...	...
75 to 84 years	4,855	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	1,955	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	61,315	...	...	0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	45,675	...	...	0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	15,640	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	13,570	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	43,680	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	20.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,345	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,416	...	...	0	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	499,725	...	...	0	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	518,441	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,710	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	875	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	973	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	143,095	69,870	73,225	465	235	230
No certificate, diploma or degree	30,410	15,490	14,920	140	75	65
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	48,415	24,020	24,390	120	65	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	64,270	30,360	33,915	205	95	105
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	13,290	9,805	3,485	55	45	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,785	3,380	2,405	25	20	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	7,505	6,420	1,085	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	23,450	8,575	14,880	100	35	65
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,755	2,165	3,590	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	21,775	9,820	11,955	40	10	30
Bachelor's degree	14,335	6,190	8,140	35	10	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,855	705	1,150	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	795	525	270	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,290	2,055	2,235	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	495	340	160	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	93,260	45,535	47,720	310	155	150
No certificate, diploma or degree	13,780	7,560	6,220	55	35	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	30,610	15,455	15,155	85	50	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,870	22,515	26,355	165	75	90
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,370	7,050	2,320	40	40	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,050	2,405	1,645	15	10	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,325	4,650	675	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	17,895	6,455	11,440	80	30	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,125	1,535	2,590	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	17,480	7,470	10,000	25	10	20
Bachelor's degree	11,510	4,760	6,755	25	10	20
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,495	535	960	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	610	395	215	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,510	1,565	1,945	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	355	220	135	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	143,095	69,870	73,225	465	235	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	78,820	39,510	39,310	260	140	120
Education	4,955	1,300	3,655	15	10	10
13. Education	4,955	1,305	3,650	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,875	770	1,095	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	370	280	90	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,510	495	1,010	10	0	0
Humanities	5,320	2,295	3,020	0	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	365	95	265	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	795	205	590	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,835	740	1,095	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	295	185	105	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,305	730	575	0	0	0
54. History	615	330	285	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	110	20	95	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,315	1,955	4,355	30	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	30	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	285	140	140	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,535	70	1,465	15	0	15
22. Legal professions and studies	1,025	285	745	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	115	35	80	0	0	10
42. Psychology	1,085	270	815	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,225	1,140	1,080	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,165	3,915	7,245	45	10	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,025	230	790	15	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,115	3,680	6,435	35	10	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,690	880	810	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	660	305	360	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	555	290	270	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	325	245	75	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	150	45	100	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,875	1,170	705	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,560	1,040	515	0	0	0
25. Library science	135	15	125	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	175	120	55	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	13,760	12,995	765	45	45	10
04. Architecture and related services	175	150	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,700	1,515	185	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,035	1,790	245	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	3,885	3,770	110	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,020	3,895	125	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,950	1,880	65	0	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,490	950	540	0	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,140	695	440	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	345	250	100	0	10	0
Health and related fields	11,185	1,995	9,190	15	0	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	650	330	320	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	10,330	1,525	8,805	20	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	205	140	70	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,645	2,120	2,520	35	20	15
12. Personal and culinary services	2,875	705	2,170	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	30	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	725	485	240	10	0	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,010	900	110	10	0	10
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	93,260	45,535	47,725	310	155	150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	44,390	23,020	21,370	145	80	60
Education	3,645	865	2,780	10	0	0
13. Education	3,650	860	2,785	10	10	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,455	580	880	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	265	200	65	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,185	375	810	10	0	0
Humanities	4,030	1,650	2,375	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	275	65	215	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	555	145	405	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,535	570	965	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	225	150	70	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	825	460	370	0	0	0
54. History	525	255	275	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	75	10	70	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,980	1,475	3,505	25	10	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	15	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	220	110	105	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,205	60	1,150	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	835	210	625	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	85	30	55	10	0	0
42. Psychology	810	175	635	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,795	880	915	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	8,690	2,990	5,705	35	10	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	10	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	775	160	615	10	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,900	2,820	5,075	25	0	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,130	570	565	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	455	205	250	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	375	190	185	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	225	165	60	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	15	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,635	1,035	605	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,410	945	465	0	10	0
25. Library science	105	10	95	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	110	75	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,100	9,495	605	35	30	0
04. Architecture and related services	135	115	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,220	1,070	145	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,505	1,320	185	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,905	2,810	95	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,920	2,825	100	0	0	0
48. Precision production	1,415	1,360	60	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,175	720	455	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	910	540	365	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	265	175	85	0	0	0
Health and related fields	8,500	1,510	6,985	20	0	15
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	510	255	250	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,820	1,155	6,660	15	0	15
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	170	100	65	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,515	1,625	1,890	30	15	15
12. Personal and culinary services	2,100	525	1,570	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	20	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	620	410	215	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	770	660	105	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	143,095	69,870	73,220	465	235	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	78,825	39,515	39,310	265	140	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	64,275	30,355	33,910	200	95	110
Location of study inside Canada	52,215	24,320	27,900	205	95	105
Same as province or territory of residence	43,525	20,015	23,505	190	90	100
Different than province or territory of residence	8,690	4,305	4,390	10	0	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	12,055	6,035	6,015	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,040	1,140	900	0	0	10
Philippines	665	210	455	0	0	0
India	4,130	2,020	2,105	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,255	735	530	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	290	115	175	0	0	0
France	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other	3,645	1,805	1,835	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	93,255	45,535	47,725	305	155	150
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,390	23,020	21,370	140	85	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	48,870	22,515	26,350	165	80	85
Location of study inside Canada	39,765	18,260	21,505	160	75	85
Same as province or territory of residence	33,955	15,425	18,525	155	70	85
Different than province or territory of residence	5,815	2,835	2,985	0	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	9,100	4,260	4,845	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,395	755	640	0	0	0
Philippines	590	180	415	0	0	0
India	3,515	1,640	1,875	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	600	305	295	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	265	105	160	0	0	0
France	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other	2,715	1,250	1,465	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	143,095	69,870	73,220	465	235	230
In the labour force	93,930	49,615	44,315	250	140	105
Employed	87,815	46,715	41,100	180	90	90
Unemployed	6,120	2,900	3,210	70	55	20
Not in the labour force	49,165	20,255	28,910	215	90	120
Participation rate	65.6	71.0	60.5	53.8	59.6	45.7
Employment rate	61.4	66.9	56.1	38.7	38.3	39.1
Unemployment rate	6.5	5.8	7.2	28.0	39.3	19.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	143,095	69,870	73,225	465	235	230
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	45,565	18,790	26,780	220	100	120
Worked	97,525	51,085	46,445	245	140	110
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	45,190	27,490	17,700	100	45	55
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	52,340	23,595	28,745	145	90	55
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.7	42.9	40.4	38.8	37.8	40.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	93,930	49,620	44,315	250	140	105
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,515	730	785	20	15	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	92,415	48,890	43,525	230	130	95
Employee	79,970	40,805	39,170	220	125	90
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	12,445	8,085	4,360	15	10	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	93,930	49,615	44,315	250	140	105
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,515	730	785	20	15	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	92,415	48,885	43,525	230	135	100
0 Management occupations	9,475	6,260	3,210	20	10	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,455	3,165	9,285	20	0	15
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,460	2,830	635	10	0	0
3 Health occupations	5,835	1,095	4,740	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	9,410	3,025	6,385	35	10	30
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,970	880	1,085	10	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	20,385	7,460	12,925	80	55	30
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	19,300	18,210	1,090	50	45	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,875	2,400	2,470	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,250	3,550	1,705	10	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	93,930	49,615	44,315	250	145	105
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,510	725	790	20	10	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	92,415	48,890	43,525	230	130	100
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	6,160	2,940	3,220	0	0	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	430	380	50	0	10	0
22 Utilities	325	260	65	0	0	0
23 Construction	9,685	8,530	1,155	25	30	0
31-33 Manufacturing	9,270	6,770	2,505	10	0	0
41 Wholesale trade	3,795	2,590	1,205	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	10,175	4,265	5,910	30	20	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	7,400	6,085	1,315	15	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,230	730	505	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,565	960	1,605	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,465	775	690	0	10	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,115	2,045	2,070	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	140	75	70	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	4,175	2,435	1,735	10	10	10
61 Educational services	5,615	1,640	3,975	20	10	10
62 Health care and social assistance	9,380	1,475	7,910	40	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,185	515	670	25	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	6,340	2,030	4,315	10	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	4,910	2,230	2,680	10	0	0
91 Public administration	4,045	2,170	1,870	40	15	20
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	87,815	46,715	41,100	180	90	90
Worked at home	6,555	3,060	3,495	10	10	0
Worked outside Canada	360	245	110	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	15,995	12,145	3,850	25	20	0
Worked at usual place	64,910	31,265	33,645	150	65	80
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	64,905	31,265	33,645	150	65	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	35,825	14,910	20,920	65	35	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	7,940	3,485	4,455	75	25	45
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	20,790	12,625	8,165	10	0	0
Commute to a different province or territory	350	245	100	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	80,905	43,410	37,495	175	85	90
Car, truck, van - as a driver	68,580	37,475	31,110	155	75	85
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	6,255	3,055	3,205	10	10	10
Public transit	1,990	875	1,115	0	0	0
Walked	2,560	1,090	1,465	10	0	0
Bicycle	455	350	105	0	0	0
Other method	1,065	565	495	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	80,900	43,405	37,490	175	85	90
Less than 15 minutes	26,545	11,330	15,210	75	40	35
15 to 29 minutes	24,350	12,055	12,300	75	30	45
30 to 44 minutes	13,605	8,245	5,365	10	10	10
45 to 59 minutes	6,985	4,655	2,335	10	0	0
60 minutes and over	9,410	7,125	2,285	15	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	80,905	43,410	37,495	175	90	85
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	9,195	6,845	2,350	0	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15,545	10,120	5,425	40	25	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	18,595	9,575	9,025	70	25	40
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,425	5,885	8,540	30	10	15
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	8,845	3,375	5,465	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	14,295	7,605	6,685	30	15	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	101,355	52,845	48,510	260	145	115
Single responses	98,665	51,330	47,340	260	145	115
Official languages	93,645	48,795	44,850	260	145	115
English	93,495	48,765	44,735	260	145	115
French	150	30	115	0	0	0
Non-official languages	5,020	2,530	2,485	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,020	2,535	2,485	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	20	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	60	75	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	130	60	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,470	2,265	2,205	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	4,345	2,200	2,140	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	4,340	2,195	2,145	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	4,320	2,190	2,135	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	80	45	30	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	50	35	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	170	65	100	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	180	110	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages	180	105	75	0	0	0
Cantonese	70	45	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	90	50	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	10	10	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,690	1,515	1,175	0	0	0
English and French	135	50	85	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,540	1,460	1,080	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	101,355	52,845	48,510	265	145	120
None	94,430	49,055	45,375	255	145	115
English	1,750	960	790	0	0	0
French	505	200	310	0	0	0
Non-official language	4,620	2,600	2,020	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	4,615	2,605	2,015	0	0	0
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	20	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	174,255	86,030	88,225	635	330	310
Non-movers	147,810	73,090	74,715	595	305	285
Movers	26,450	12,940	13,505	40	25	20
Non-migrants	14,305	7,030	7,275	10	10	0
Migrants	12,140	5,905	6,240	35	15	20
Internal migrants	10,220	5,010	5,210	35	15	20
Intraprovincial migrants	8,555	4,105	4,455	30	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	1,665	905	760	0	10	0
External migrants	1,925	895	1,025	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	165,590	81,600	83,990	595	305	290
Non-movers	94,945	47,025	47,920	445	225	215
Movers	70,650	34,580	36,070	150	85	70
Non-migrants	38,890	19,090	19,800	60	30	30
Migrants	31,755	15,490	16,265	90	50	40
Internal migrants	25,180	12,270	12,915	90	50	40
Intraprovincial migrants	21,350	10,350	10,995	80	40	40
Interprovincial migrants	3,825	1,915	1,910	10	10	0
External migrants	6,580	3,220	3,355	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia and Muskoday First Nation, IRI [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 24, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

Census Profile, 2016 Census Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Abbotsford - Mission [Census metropolitan area], British Columbia and Muskoday First Nation, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], Saskatchewan