Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quesnel [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Sainte-Adèle, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Quesnel British Columbia [Census agglomeration]			Sainte-Adèle, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Quesnel [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Map : Quesnel [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Sainte-Adèle, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	23,146	...	...	12,919	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	23,566 ^r	...	...	12,137	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.8	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	10,768	...	...	7,602	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	10,038	...	...	6,283	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.1	...	...	106.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	21,751.30	...	...	120.95	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	23,145	11,650	11,495	12,920	6,215	6,705
0 to 14 years	3,715	1,890	1,835	1,655	815	835
0 to 4 years	1,090	560	530	540	260	280
5 to 9 years	1,375	700	675	550	275	275
10 to 14 years	1,250	620	630	565	290	280
15 to 64 years	15,055	7,550	7,505	8,025	3,875	4,155
15 to 19 years	1,340	700	645	540	260	285
20 to 24 years	1,215	635	580	540	270	270
25 to 29 years	1,185	590	595	515	255	260
30 to 34 years	1,265	630	635	605	315	290
35 to 39 years	1,225	600	625	680	315	365
40 to 44 years	1,320	635	685	665	320	345
45 to 49 years	1,610	795	820	800	390	415
50 to 54 years	1,895	965	930	1,095	520	580
55 to 59 years	2,080	1,045	1,040	1,310	615	695
60 to 64 years	1,910	955	955	1,280	620	660
65 years and over	4,365	2,215	2,155	3,240	1,525	1,715
65 to 69 years	1,660	850	815	1,160	575	585
70 to 74 years	1,065	575	490	860	410	450
75 to 79 years	735	370	365	530	255	270
80 to 84 years	495	235	260	380	185	200
85 years and over	410	180	230	315	100	210
85 to 89 years	275	130	145	220	75	145
90 to 94 years	115	50	65	70	20	50
95 to 99 years	20	5	15	20	5	15
100 years and over	5	0	0	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.1	16.2	16.0	12.8	13.1	12.5
15 to 64 years	65.0	64.8	65.3	62.1	62.3	62.0
65 years and over	18.9	19.0	18.7	25.1	24.5	25.6
85 years and over	1.8	1.5	2.0	2.4	1.6	3.1
Average age of the population	43.0	42.8	43.1	47.4	46.9	47.9
Median age of the population	45.9	45.9	45.9	52.2	51.6	52.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	10,040	...	...	6,285	...	...
Single-detached house	7,220	...	...	3,680	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,705	...	...	2,585	...	...
Semi-detached house	185	...	...	300	...	...
Row house	265	...	...	270	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	235	...	...	750	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	970	...	...	1,210	...	...
Other single-attached house	50	...	...	55	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,115	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	10,040	...	...	6,280	...	...
1 person	2,940	...	...	2,415	...	...
2 persons	4,040	...	...	2,410	...	...
3 persons	1,370	...	...	720	...	...
4 persons	1,000	...	...	545	...	...
5 or more persons	695	...	...	195	...	...
Number of persons in private households	22,925	...	...	12,625	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	19,420	9,765	9,660	11,265	5,400	5,870
Married or living common law	11,810	5,905	5,905	6,325	3,180	3,150
Married	9,255	4,635	4,625	3,340	1,675	1,665
Living common law	2,560	1,275	1,285	2,985	1,505	1,485
Not married and not living common law	7,610	3,850	3,755	4,940	2,215	2,725
Never married	4,460	2,565	1,890	2,955	1,525	1,435
Separated	635	300	340	185	85	100
Divorced	1,395	690	705	1,135	470	665
Widowed	1,115	300	820	665	140	530
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,885	...	...	3,680	...	...
2 persons	4,110	...	...	2,355	...	...
3 persons	1,310	...	...	680	...	...
4 persons	965	...	...	500	...	...
5 or more persons	490	...	...	150	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,880	...	...	3,680	...	...
Total couple families	5,805	...	...	3,120	...	...
Married couples	4,530	...	...	1,630	...	...
Common-law couples	1,280	...	...	1,495	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,080	...	...	555	...	...
Female parent	785	...	...	405	...	...
Male parent	285	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,805	...	...	3,120	...	...
Couples without children	3,465	...	...	1,990	...	...
Couples with children	2,335	...	...	1,130	...	...
1 child	980	...	...	530	...	...
2 children	890	...	...	455	...	...
3 or more children	470	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,075	...	...	560	...	...
1 child	645	...	...	360	...	...
2 children	330	...	...	150	...	...
3 or more children	100	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,260	2,260	1,995	3,080	1,415	1,670
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	10,035	...	...	6,285	...	...
One-census-family households	6,575	...	...	3,615	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,360	...	...	1,955	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,220	...	...	1,655	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	150	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,305	...	...	2,635	...	...
One-person households	2,935	...	...	2,415	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	370	...	...	220	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	22,990	11,595	11,390	12,790	6,165	6,625
English only	22,140	11,245	10,895	155	80	70
French only	5	0	5	5,590	2,445	3,140
English and French	795	330	465	7,045	3,635	3,405
Neither English nor French	45	15	30	5	5	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	22,985	11,595	11,395	12,790	6,165	6,620
English	22,730	11,475	11,260	725	385	335
French	200	100	100	11,950	5,730	6,225
English and French	15	5	5	105	50	55
Neither English nor French	40	10	25	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	210	105	105	780	415	365
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.9	0.9	6.1	6.7	5.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	22,990	11,595	11,395	12,790	6,165	6,620
Single responses	22,805	11,515	11,290	12,645	6,085	6,560
Official languages	21,320	10,825	10,495	12,335	5,940	6,395
English	21,065	10,695	10,370	635	345	285
French	260	130	130	11,705	5,595	6,110
Non-official languages	1,485	695	790	310	145	160
Aboriginal languages	155	65	90	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	15	10	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	120	50	70	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	120	45	75	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	100	40	60	0	0	0
Chilcotin	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,325	625	700	310	150	165
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	20	10	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	15	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	30	90	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	95	20	80	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,050	530	525	235	110	125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Balto-Slavic languages	125	60	60	35	10	25
Baltic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	120	60	60	40	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	5	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	0	10	15	10	5
Russian	5	5	5	10	0	10
Serbian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	15	5	5	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	485	225	260	45	20	25
Afrikaans	35	20	15	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	70	40	35	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	325	145	185	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Swedish	25	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	300	175	130	0	0	5
Indo-Aryan languages	300	170	130	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	275	155	120	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	140	65	70	140	70	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	65	30	30	45	30	20
Portuguese	40	25	20	20	5	15
Romanian	0	5	0	15	10	5
Spanish	30	5	20	60	25	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	5	15	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	10	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	60	30	35	15	5	10
Chinese languages	60	30	30	15	5	10
Cantonese	40	20	15	5	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	10	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	5	5	0	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	10	20	10	5	5
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	5	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	185	80	105	145	80	65
English and French	35	15	20	115	65	50
English and non-official language	145	60	85	5	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	5	5	5	0	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	22,985	11,595	11,395	12,790	6,165	6,620
Single responses	22,745	11,475	11,265	12,565	6,055	6,510
Official languages	22,290	11,250	11,045	12,490	6,020	6,465
English	22,265	11,230	11,035	660	340	315
French	30	10	15	11,830	5,675	6,155
Non-official languages	455	230	225	75	35	45
Aboriginal languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	30	10	20	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	415	210	200	75	35	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	15	25	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	300	165	140	55	25	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	0	20	10	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	0	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	5	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	90	45	45	5	5	0
Afrikaans	15	10	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	70	35	35	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	185	100	80	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	185	100	80	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	180	100	80	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	30	10	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	5	5	5	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Spanish	5	0	0	15	5	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	5	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	5	5	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	5	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	5	0	5
Chinese languages	30	15	15	5	0	0
Cantonese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	245	115	125	225	105	115
English and French	15	10	5	145	75	70
English and non-official language	225	105	115	10	5	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	20	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	22,985	11,595	11,395	12,790	6,165	6,625
None	22,075	11,195	10,885	11,310	5,430	5,880
English	205	110	95	1,020	515	505
French	125	40	85	270	130	140
Non-official language	560	240	320	120	55	65
Aboriginal	105	40	65	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	460	200	255	120	55	65
English and French	0	5	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	10	10	5	45	20	25
French and non-official language	5	0	0	15	10	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	19,215	9,670	9,545	10,970	5,300	5,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,455	9,360	9,095	10,705	5,200	5,500
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,417	45,284	23,486	31,240	36,167	27,447
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,470	9,370	9,105	10,710	5,200	5,510
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,719	39,418	22,446	28,024	31,584	25,147
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	16,050	8,475	7,570	9,525	4,705	4,820
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,206	44,228	20,729	27,239	32,549	22,549
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,255	6,080	7,175	8,585	4,030	4,560
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,158	9,088	7,302	8,571	8,251	8,888
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	13,480	7,270	6,210	7,250	3,675	3,575
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,427	49,638	21,539	25,040	27,925	22,773
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	19,225	9,700	9,525	10,980	5,310	5,670
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,485	9,395	9,090	10,690	5,175	5,515
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,375	54,678	29,665	40,993	46,655	35,678
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,500	9,400	9,095	10,685	5,175	5,510
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,652	44,482	26,522	33,855	37,507	30,425
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,960	8,440	7,520	9,525	4,675	4,850
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,398	53,645	27,648	37,877	44,232	31,752
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,460	6,200	7,265	8,535	4,020	4,515
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,109	9,806	8,515	9,050	8,606	9,445
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	13,480	7,275	6,200	7,330	3,690	3,640
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,999	54,173	27,720	34,704	39,260	30,084
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	19,230	9,700	9,525	10,980	5,315	5,665
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,250	3,195	2,055	2,740	1,370	1,365
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	62,416	73,181	44,248	45,288	49,614	40,537
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	63,449	74,577	46,163	52,266	58,996	45,533
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.8	88.4	78.1	81.8	85.4	77.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.2	76.5	64.2	58.6	60.5	56.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.2	11.6	21.9	18.1	14.5	22.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	19,215	9,675	9,540	10,975	5,300	5,675
Without total income	760	315	445	270	100	170
With total income	18,455	9,355	9,095	10,705	5,200	5,500
Percentage with total income	96.0	96.7	95.3	97.5	98.1	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,690	935	1,760	1,215	555	665
$10,000 to $19,999	3,395	1,240	2,150	2,160	855	1,305
$20,000 to $29,999	2,805	1,175	1,630	1,780	790	995
$30,000 to $39,999	2,135	950	1,185	1,435	655	780
$40,000 to $49,999	1,450	690	755	1,190	600	595
$50,000 to $59,999	1,205	690	515	830	435	390
$60,000 to $69,999	1,155	790	360	615	360	260
$70,000 to $79,999	950	695	255	455	280	175
$80,000 to $89,999	765	585	185	280	155	125
$90,000 to $99,999	610	480	130	170	115	55
$100,000 and over	1,300	1,125	175	565	405	160
$100,000 to $149,999	1,065	920	145	375	265	115
$150,000 and over	230	205	25	190	140	55
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	19,215	9,670	9,540	10,970	5,300	5,670
Without after-tax income	740	305	440	265	100	160
With after-tax income	18,470	9,375	9,105	10,705	5,195	5,505
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	96.9	95.4	97.6	98.0	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,760	975	1,785	1,330	585	745
$10,000 to $19,999	3,580	1,350	2,235	2,235	895	1,335
$20,000 to $29,999	3,280	1,385	1,895	2,150	975	1,180
$30,000 to $39,999	2,240	1,045	1,205	1,785	845	940
$40,000 to $49,999	1,710	910	795	1,220	650	570
$50,000 to $59,999	1,515	1,030	485	790	465	330
$60,000 to $69,999	1,195	910	285	480	300	175
$70,000 to $79,999	945	725	220	265	170	95
$80,000 and over	1,250	1,055	190	450	320	130
$80,000 to $89,999	570	485	90	120	80	40
$90,000 to $99,999	285	240	45	85	65	25
$100,000 and over	390	330	55	240	180	65
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	19,215	9,675	9,540	10,970	5,300	5,670
Without employment income	5,730	2,405	3,330	3,725	1,625	2,100
With employment income	13,480	7,270	6,210	7,250	3,675	3,575
Percentage with employment income	70.2	75.1	65.1	66.1	69.3	63.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,385	1,120	1,260	1,245	645	605
$5,000 to $9,999	1,000	430	570	640	295	345
$10,000 to $19,999	1,810	690	1,120	1,245	560	680
$20,000 to $29,999	1,480	550	935	910	410	500
$30,000 to $39,999	1,100	450	655	830	400	430
$40,000 to $49,999	885	415	470	575	280	295
$50,000 to $59,999	860	460	400	470	240	235
$60,000 to $69,999	910	640	265	375	200	170
$70,000 to $79,999	810	615	190	315	185	130
$80,000 and over	2,240	1,895	350	640	460	185
$80,000 to $89,999	680	510	165	150	95	60
$90,000 to $99,999	515	440	80	140	95	40
$100,000 and over	1,045	940	105	350	270	85
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	10,040	...	...	6,280	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,280	...	...	54,127	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,832	...	...	47,310	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,935	...	...	2,415	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,696	...	...	29,532	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,456	...	...	26,768	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	7,100	...	...	3,870	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,480	...	...	74,391	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,642	...	...	64,047	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	10,040	...	...	6,280	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,047	...	...	69,717	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,696	...	...	57,576	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,935	...	...	2,430	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,098	...	...	39,492	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,519	...	...	33,215	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	7,105	...	...	3,855	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,720	...	...	88,801	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,572	...	...	72,958	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	10,035	...	...	6,280	...	...
Under $5,000	145	...	...	85	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	155	...	...	110	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	340	...	...	255	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	525	...	...	395	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	540	...	...	375	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	490	...	...	320	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	465	...	...	390	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	450	...	...	335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	415	...	...	315	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	405	...	...	320	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	740	...	...	565	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	675	...	...	465	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	645	...	...	425	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	590	...	...	340	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	580	...	...	265	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,900	...	...	1,310	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,120	...	...	515	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	755	...	...	320	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	695	...	...	285	...	...
$200,000 and over	330	...	...	190	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	10,040	...	...	6,280	...	...
Under $5,000	150	...	...	95	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	155	...	...	110	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	340	...	...	260	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	550	...	...	420	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	615	...	...	440	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	570	...	...	390	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	520	...	...	420	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	515	...	...	440	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	475	...	...	375	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	490	...	...	365	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	890	...	...	630	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	820	...	...	525	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	760	...	...	440	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	690	...	...	310	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	600	...	...	260	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,910	...	...	795	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	960	...	...	415	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	485	...	...	180	...	...
$150,000 and over	455	...	...	195	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,815	...	...	3,700	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,764	...	...	74,937	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,719	...	...	64,336	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,280	...	...	1,930	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,193	...	...	71,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,895	...	...	61,038	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,370	...	...	1,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,197	...	...	98,901	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,649	...	...	83,200	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	990	...	...	550	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,456	...	...	48,213	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,512	...	...	44,672	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,800	...	...	3,665	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,222	...	...	88,863	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,004	...	...	73,202	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,240	...	...	1,865	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,071	...	...	87,532	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,194	...	...	71,052	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,385	...	...	1,165	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,305	...	...	105,603	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,867	...	...	87,703	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,005	...	...	555	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,016	...	...	56,025	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,056	...	...	48,226	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,800	2,055	1,750	2,875	1,340	1,540
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,989	33,728	24,256	27,878	29,619	26,773
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,762	29,739	23,424	25,870	26,539	25,024
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,930	2,120	1,805	2,910	1,310	1,595
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,990	43,461	31,572	38,550	41,886	35,822
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,782	36,627	28,272	32,071	33,046	31,274
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	22,930	11,555	11,370	12,625	6,115	6,510
In the bottom half of the distribution	12,230	5,870	6,360	7,585	3,535	4,050
In the bottom decile	2,705	1,285	1,420	1,375	635	740
In the second decile	2,720	1,220	1,505	1,675	740	935
In the third decile	2,240	1,080	1,165	1,620	755	860
In the fourth decile	2,140	1,065	1,080	1,610	765	840
In the fifth decile	2,415	1,225	1,195	1,300	630	670
In the top half of the distribution	10,700	5,685	5,015	5,035	2,580	2,455
In the sixth decile	2,180	1,125	1,055	1,445	735	715
In the seventh decile	2,390	1,245	1,140	1,205	625	580
In the eighth decile	2,295	1,235	1,060	965	505	460
In the ninth decile	2,285	1,235	1,055	780	395	390
In the top decile	1,545	840	700	640	330	310
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	22,655	11,405	11,245	12,625	6,115	6,510
0 to 17 years	4,450	2,270	2,185	1,990	965	1,020
0 to 5 years	1,310	680	635	635	310	325
18 to 64 years	14,015	6,995	7,020	7,630	3,685	3,940
65 years and over	4,185	2,145	2,040	3,005	1,465	1,540
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,860	1,775	2,080	2,195	975	1,220
0 to 17 years	935	460	475	375	165	205
0 to 5 years	290	145	145	110	50	55
18 to 64 years	2,125	960	1,165	1,315	615	700
65 years and over	800	360	440	505	195	315
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.0	15.6	18.5	17.4	15.9	18.7
0 to 17 years (%)	21.0	20.3	21.7	18.8	17.1	20.1
0 to 5 years (%)	22.1	21.3	22.8	17.3	16.1	16.9
18 to 64 years (%)	15.2	13.7	16.6	17.2	16.7	17.8
65 years and over (%)	19.1	16.8	21.6	16.8	13.3	20.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,520	730	795	830	410	420
0 to 17 years	355	165	190	100	45	60
0 to 5 years	100	40	60	20	10	10
18 to 64 years	1,070	515	555	670	340	330
65 years and over	95	45	50	55	25	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.7	6.4	7.1	6.6	6.7	6.5
0 to 17 years (%)	8.0	7.3	8.7	5.0	4.7	5.9
0 to 5 years (%)	7.6	5.9	9.4	3.1	3.2	3.1
18 to 64 years (%)	7.6	7.4	7.9	8.8	9.2	8.4
65 years and over (%)	2.3	2.1	2.5	1.8	1.7	2.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	22,940	11,560	11,380	12,640	6,125	6,515
Official languages	22,885	11,530	11,350	12,630	6,120	6,510
English	22,870	11,530	11,340	7,245	3,805	3,440
French	855	355	500	12,505	6,045	6,460
Non-official languages	2,040	985	1,055	965	420	545
Aboriginal languages	255	110	150	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	50	30	25	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	15	15	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	30	15	20	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	195	75	125	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	195	75	120	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	165	55	105	0	0	0
Chilcotin	40	20	20	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	10	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,790	880	910	970	420	550
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	55	25	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	40	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	30	90	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	20	80	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,450	740	705	840	360	480
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	50	50	50	20	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	105	50	50	55	15	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	0	10	15	0	15
Russian	25	10	15	20	0	15
Serbian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	15	15	15	0	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	610	290	325	145	55	85
Afrikaans	80	40	40	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	105	65	45	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	385	160	225	125	40	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	10	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	10
Greek	10	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages	480	285	195	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	480	285	200	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	95	55	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	460	280	185	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	275	120	150	680	300	380
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	25	30	180	95	85
Portuguese	55	30	25	20	0	15
Romanian	0	0	10	25	10	15
Spanish	165	75	90	495	215	280
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	20	35	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	10	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	10	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	10	20	10	10	10
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	20	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	110	55	55	25	10	10
Chinese languages	105	50	50	25	15	10
Cantonese	55	30	25	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	25	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	22,945	11,560	11,380	12,640	6,125	6,515
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	22,460	11,360	11,100	12,375	6,010	6,370
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,475	2,230	2,245	1,985	980	1,005
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,985	9,135	8,855	10,390	5,025	5,360
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	485	200	285	265	115	150
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	22,940	11,560	11,380	12,640	6,125	6,515
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	21,155	10,780	10,375	11,820	5,720	6,105
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,715	745	965	790	395	395
Before 1981	1,055	475	585	285	170	110
1981 to 1990	155	65	85	90	25	60
1991 to 2000	150	65	85	115	65	50
2001 to 2010	190	75	115	210	100	110
2001 to 2005	90	25	60	130	60	70
2006 to 2010	100	45	60	80	40	35
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	160	65	95	95	30	65
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	30	45	30	15	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,710	745	965	790	395	395
Under 5 years	200	75	125	85	35	50
5 to 14 years	375	160	215	140	70	65
15 to 24 years	515	235	280	195	110	90
25 to 44 years	510	230	285	295	140	160
45 years and over	115	50	60	65	35	35
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,710	745	965	790	395	395
Americas	350	155	200	65	25	40
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	10	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	290	115	175	40	15	25
Other places of birth in Americas	35	30	10	0	10	10
Europe	775	330	445	555	285	275
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	15	10	15	335	175	160
Germany	155	55	100	45	0	35
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hungary	10	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	40	20	20	35	20	10
Netherlands	85	50	30	0	0	0
Poland	10	0	0	0	10	0
Portugal	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	20	15	10
Russian Federation	10	0	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	295	95	195	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	135	75	60	70	40	30
Africa	85	40	40	70	40	30
Algeria	0	0	0	20	15	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	70	35	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	10	35	15	15
Asia	480	210	270	75	30	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	50	20	25	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	15	10	0
India	285	155	125	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	20	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	10	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	110	25	85	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	10	25	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	165	65	95	90	30	60
Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	15	10	0	80	30	50
France	10	0	10	45	20	30
Germany	0	0	0	30	0	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	10	0
Africa	60	30	30	10	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	65	25	35	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	80	30	50	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	15	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	15	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	22,945	11,560	11,380	12,640	6,125	6,510
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,855	815	1,040	860	430	425
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,940	1,950	1,995	715	405	305
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	17,145	8,795	8,355	11,065	5,285	5,780
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	700	290	405	520	230	290
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	315	155	155	295	140	155
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	140	90	50	125	60	60
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	175	70	110	170	75	95
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	375	130	245	200	75	125
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	10	10	25	15	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	22,940	11,560	11,380	12,640	6,125	6,515
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,250	1,620	1,635	165	75	90
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,170	1,580	1,590	155	70	85
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,610	750	855	70	35	35
Métis	1,515	805	715	85	35	50
Inuk (Inuit)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	10	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	19,690	9,940	9,750	12,480	6,055	6,425
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	22,940	11,560	11,385	12,640	6,120	6,515
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,135	525	610	50	20	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,810	11,035	10,770	12,590	6,100	6,490
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	22,940	11,560	11,385	12,640	6,125	6,510
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	985	495	490	130	50	85
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	960	480	480	120	45	75
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	735	355	380	115	50	65
Métis single ancestry	215	125	85	10	0	10
Inuit single ancestry	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	10	20	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	15	20	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,405	1,150	1,250	470	190	280
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,250	1,060	1,195	455	185	270
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,370	605	760	400	150	250
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	880	450	430	55	35	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	155	95	60	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	90	55	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	19,555	9,915	9,635	12,040	5,885	6,155
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	22,940	11,560	11,380	12,635	6,125	6,515
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,075	490	585	225	90	130
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	535	290	240	25	10	15
Chinese	145	75	75	65	25	45
Black	60	20	45	50	20	30
Filipino	165	40	125	10	10	0
Latin American	30	20	15	15	10	10
Arab	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	10	0	10	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	15	10	10	10	0	10
Korean	10	0	0	10	10	10
Japanese	90	35	55	15	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	10	0	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	10	0	10	0	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	21,870	11,070	10,795	12,415	6,030	6,385
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	22,940	11,560	11,385	12,640	6,120	6,515
North American Aboriginal origins	3,390	1,640	1,750	600	240	360
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,275	1,065	1,210	535	205	330
Inuit	25	0	20	10	0	0
Métis	1,275	680	595	85	40	40
Other North American origins	7,475	3,885	3,585	8,530	4,135	4,395
Acadian	40	20	20	85	55	30
American	595	290	310	85	35	55
Canadian	7,015	3,655	3,365	8,035	3,875	4,155
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Québécois	45	35	15	475	265	210
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	17,880	8,920	8,960	5,755	2,805	2,950
British Isles origins	12,320	6,045	6,270	1,500	705	800
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	7,440	3,715	3,725	385	185	205
Irish	4,810	2,240	2,565	935	425	510
Manx	10	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	5,565	2,650	2,910	370	170	200
Welsh	520	260	260	10	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	705	315	390	30	25	10
French origins	2,860	1,365	1,490	4,160	2,035	2,125
Alsatian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Breton	0	0	0	15	15	0
Corsican	0	0	0	55	25	30
French	2,855	1,365	1,490	4,100	2,005	2,100
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,390	3,100	3,290	540	230	310
Austrian	165	80	85	15	15	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	80	40	40	145	70	70
Dutch	1,580	785	795	70	20	45
Flemish	20	0	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,975	2,370	2,600	290	120	170
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	185	80	105	50	15	35
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,720	1,360	1,360	45	20	30
Danish	350	170	180	20	10	10
Finnish	190	105	85	10	0	10
Icelandic	260	135	130	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,330	695	640	10	0	10
Swedish	795	380	415	15	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	85	35	45	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	3,265	1,645	1,625	335	145	190
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	75	55	15	30	10	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	25	25	0	10	0	0
Estonian	25	20	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	315	165	155	40	20	20
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	15	0	0	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	855	425	435	115	55	60
Romanian	130	65	60	35	20	20
Russian	810	410	405	70	25	50
Slovak	20	15	0	10	10	0
Ukrainian	1,455	700	760	60	25	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,075	470	610	650	335	315
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	45	20	25
Italian	605	260	340	445	230	210
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	65	75	55	30	30
Serbian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Slovenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	215	80	140	95	45	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	70	30	35	35	30	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	195	85	105	15	10	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	110	50	65	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	50	10	35	35	15	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Jamaican	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	110	60	50	45	25	20
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	55	20	30	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	10	0	0	0	0
African origins	110	55	60	105	35	65
Central and West African origins	10	10	0	20	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	0	70	25	45
Algerian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	20	10	15
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	25	10	20	15	10	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	65	30	35	10	0	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	50	25	30	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,095	535	560	230	95	130
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	30	15	15	80	35	45
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lebanese	25	15	10	25	10	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	25	0	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	535	300	235	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	495	280	215	10	0	0
Goan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	15	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	10	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	525	215	315	145	60	85
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	220	110	110	80	30	50
Filipino	190	55	140	15	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	105	40	60	15	15	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	15	0	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	0	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	45	15	30	15	10	10
Australian	35	10	25	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	10	0	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	10,040	...	...	6,285	...	...
Owner	7,650	...	...	4,325	...	...
Renter	2,320	...	...	1,960	...	...
Band housing	75	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	10,040	...	...	6,280	...	...
Condominium	300	...	...	670	...	...
Not condominium	9,740	...	...	5,615	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	10,040	...	...	6,280	...	...
No bedrooms	35	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	755	...	...	820	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,865	...	...	2,120	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,340	...	...	2,260	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,045	...	...	1,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	10,040	...	...	6,285	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,060	...	...	1,765	...	...
5 rooms	1,740	...	...	1,120	...	...
6 rooms	1,625	...	...	960	...	...
7 rooms	1,295	...	...	850	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,325	...	...	1,590	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	10,035	...	...	6,280	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,960	...	...	6,270	...	...
More than 1 person per room	75	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	10,040	...	...	6,285	...	...
Suitable	9,735	...	...	6,170	...	...
Not suitable	300	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	10,040	...	...	6,280	...	...
1960 or before	1,320	...	...	1,405	...	...
1961 to 1980	4,640	...	...	1,515	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,475	...	...	1,005	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,625	...	...	690	...	...
2001 to 2005	285	...	...	550	...	...
2006 to 2010	440	...	...	725	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	255	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	10,040	...	...	6,280	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	9,015	...	...	5,835	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,025	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	10,040	...	...	6,280	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,315	...	...	4,130	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,575	...	...	2,095	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	150	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	10,040	...	...	6,285	...	...
15 to 24 years	325	...	...	110	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,205	...	...	545	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,375	...	...	815	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,995	...	...	1,175	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,305	...	...	1,655	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,700	...	...	1,320	...	...
75 to 84 years	925	...	...	530	...	...
85 years and over	210	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	9,715	...	...	6,280	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,295	...	...	4,525	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,420	...	...	1,755	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,285	...	...	1,580	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,410	...	...	4,320	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.4	...	...	66.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	7.6	...	...	20.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	572	...	...	1,026	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	780	...	...	1,079	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,063	...	...	250,115	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	220,965	...	...	286,046	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,315	...	...	1,960	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.9	...	...	6.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.1	...	...	45.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	711	...	...	714	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	738	...	...	777	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	19,225	9,700	9,525	10,980	5,310	5,670
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,240	2,830	2,405	1,785	840	940
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,270	2,865	3,400	2,470	1,185	1,280
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,720	4,005	3,715	6,725	3,280	3,445
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,370	1,930	440	1,910	1,160	745
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	900	580	320	1,335	715	620
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,475	1,345	130	570	445	130
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,205	1,150	2,065	2,075	895	1,180
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	370	145	230	510	210	300
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,770	780	985	2,235	1,020	1,215
Bachelor's degree	1,230	545	685	1,540	685	860
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	130	60	70	240	110	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	45	35	10	50	30	20
Master's degree	335	130	205	360	175	180
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	10	10	45	25	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	12,545	6,345	6,200	7,020	3,375	3,645
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,465	1,425	1,040	750	385	370
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,250	1,965	2,285	1,400	665	735
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,830	2,955	2,875	4,870	2,325	2,545
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,640	1,375	265	1,435	870	565
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	600	405	190	990	495	490
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,040	965	75	450	370	80
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,475	870	1,610	1,510	640	870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	90	180	325	155	175
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,450	625	830	1,595	660	935
Bachelor's degree	1,000	440	560	1,180	485	690
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	105	50	55	150	50	105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	25	0	35	15	25
Master's degree	295	100	190	200	90	110
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	10	15	25	20	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	19,225	9,700	9,525	10,980	5,310	5,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	11,505	5,695	5,805	4,250	2,030	2,225
Education	655	180	480	650	185	470
13. Education	660	180	480	650	180	465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100	75	30	340	160	180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	10	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	70	45	25	315	130	175
Humanities	265	120	150	415	145	270
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	0	15	60	10	55
23. English language and literature/letters	65	15	55	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	85	50	30	210	80	130
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	0	10	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	35	25	10	10	10	0
54. History	50	20	30	50	20	25
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	60	20	45
Social and behavioural sciences and law	515	150	360	620	180	440
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	0	10	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	40	25	80	25	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	25	125	120	0	110
22. Legal professions and studies	100	25	80	130	55	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	35	0	35
42. Psychology	55	20	35	110	20	95
45. Social sciences	130	45	90	140	70	70
Business, management and public administration	1,155	230	925	1,485	640	845
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	205	20	185	105	30	80
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	945	210	740	1,385	615	765
Physical and life sciences and technologies	145	70	75	145	90	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	35	25	60	25	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	25	15	40	40	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	20
40. Physical sciences	35	20	20	20	20	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	125	80	50	180	125	60
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	120	80	35	125	95	35
25. Library science	10	0	0	20	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	30	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,490	2,360	135	1,245	1,155	85
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	10	55	35	25
14. Engineering	130	100	30	155	140	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	210	160	50	280	255	25
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	760	735	30	340	325	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	935	915	15	290	270	20
48. Precision production	450	450	10	130	130	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	500	295	205	100	40	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	155	65	90	50	10	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	350	230	115	45	30	15
Health and related fields	1,220	170	1,045	910	210	690
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	40	15	20	115	80	40
51. Health professions and related programs	1,170	150	1,025	780	130	655
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	540	275	265	645	355	290
12. Personal and culinary services	325	75	250	385	125	260
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	55	45	10	125	115	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	145	0	130	115	15
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	12,545	6,345	6,200	7,020	3,375	3,645
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,710	3,390	3,325	2,155	1,050	1,105
Education	490	125	360	390	95	295
13. Education	490	130	360	390	95	290
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	85	60	25	260	120	140
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	15	0	25	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	60	45	20	240	100	145
Humanities	200	95	105	265	95	170
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	30	10	30
23. English language and literature/letters	50	10	35	0	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	40	15	130	55	75
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	20	10	0	0	0
54. History	45	20	25	40	15	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	50	10	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	405	120	285	485	120	365
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	40	35	10	70	25	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	10	100	85	0	85
22. Legal professions and studies	90	25	65	115	40	75
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	0	25
42. Psychology	30	10	20	80	10	70
45. Social sciences	115	40	80	110	50	65
Business, management and public administration	930	175	765	1,020	415	610
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	180	10	175	85	25	65
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	745	160	585	940	390	545
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	55	60	95	55	40
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	25	55	25	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	15	20	20	20	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	30	20	10	15	15	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	115	80	35	160	105	55
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	110	80	25	120	85	35
25. Library science	0	0	10	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	15	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,765	1,680	85	935	870	65
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	45	25	20
14. Engineering	100	75	30	100	90	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	125	95	35	190	170	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	560	540	15	260	260	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	685	685	10	235	225	10
48. Precision production	290	280	10	95	100	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	415	225	185	80	30	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	125	50	75	40	10	30
03. Natural resources and conservation	290	180	110	35	20	15
Health and related fields	910	115	800	705	160	540
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	20	90	55	30
51. Health professions and related programs	885	105	775	610	105	505
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	395	220	170	480	265	210
12. Personal and culinary services	210	50	160	290	100	195
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	10	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	45	40	10	65	60	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	130	0	115	105	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	19,225	9,700	9,525	10,980	5,310	5,670
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,505	5,695	5,805	4,250	2,025	2,225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	7,725	4,005	3,720	6,725	3,285	3,440
Location of study inside Canada	7,095	3,700	3,395	6,420	3,130	3,295
Same as province or territory of residence	5,925	3,055	2,870	6,205	3,025	3,180
Different than province or territory of residence	1,170	645	525	220	100	115
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	625	305	320	305	155	150
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	190	95	95	25	15	10
Philippines	40	0	35	0	0	0
India	60	35	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	125	65	55	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	165	80	85
Other	200	100	105	95	55	45
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	12,545	6,340	6,200	7,020	3,375	3,650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,715	3,385	3,325	2,155	1,050	1,105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,830	2,955	2,875	4,870	2,325	2,540
Location of study inside Canada	5,450	2,805	2,650	4,655	2,215	2,440
Same as province or territory of residence	4,580	2,330	2,250	4,500	2,155	2,350
Different than province or territory of residence	870	475	395	150	65	90
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	380	155	230	215	105	105
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	115	45	70	10	0	0
Philippines	35	0	30	0	0	0
India	50	25	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	50	20	25	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	120	65	50
Other	115	45	65	75	30	45
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	19,225	9,700	9,525	10,975	5,310	5,670
In the labour force	11,615	6,435	5,180	6,515	3,325	3,190
Employed	10,365	5,660	4,710	6,010	3,070	2,940
Unemployed	1,245	780	470	510	255	250
Not in the labour force	7,610	3,265	4,345	4,465	1,990	2,475
Participation rate	60.4	66.3	54.4	59.4	62.6	56.3
Employment rate	53.9	58.4	49.4	54.8	57.8	51.9
Unemployment rate	10.7	12.1	9.1	7.8	7.7	7.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	19,225	9,700	9,525	10,980	5,310	5,665
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,775	2,815	3,960	4,060	1,770	2,295
Worked	12,450	6,885	5,565	6,915	3,545	3,375
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,400	3,280	2,125	2,840	1,455	1,385
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	7,045	3,605	3,445	4,075	2,090	1,990
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.6	40.8	40.4	40.9	40.6	41.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	11,615	6,435	5,180	6,515	3,320	3,195
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	230	150	80	130	55	80
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	11,385	6,285	5,095	6,385	3,275	3,110
Employee	10,000	5,450	4,550	5,030	2,460	2,570
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,385	840	545	1,355	815	540
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	11,615	6,435	5,180	6,515	3,325	3,195
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	230	150	85	130	55	80
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	11,385	6,285	5,100	6,385	3,275	3,110
0 Management occupations	1,000	550	450	840	540	305
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,165	240	920	875	210	665
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	525	385	135	320	275	45
3 Health occupations	610	120	490	405	40	360
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,045	280	770	885	265	620
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	210	75	140	270	145	125
6 Sales and service occupations	2,565	820	1,750	1,730	830	900
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,515	2,345	170	815	770	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	720	615	110	100	80	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,020	855	165	135	115	25
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	11,620	6,435	5,180	6,520	3,325	3,195
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	230	145	85	130	50	80
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	11,385	6,290	5,095	6,385	3,275	3,115
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,040	790	250	30	15	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	285	275	15	10	10	0
22 Utilities	45	40	0	50	45	0
23 Construction	830	760	65	580	510	65
31-33 Manufacturing	2,205	1,770	435	380	285	95
41 Wholesale trade	165	130	35	190	125	65
44-45 Retail trade	1,335	470	865	970	480	490
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	425	305	115	215	140	70
51 Information and cultural industries	140	65	75	145	80	70
52 Finance and insurance	180	20	150	140	60	80
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	120	70	50	155	85	75
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	355	160	200	480	285	195
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	10	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	370	185	185	320	190	130
61 Educational services	730	180	555	500	145	365
62 Health care and social assistance	1,110	150	960	790	140	650
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	210	105	105	285	185	100
72 Accommodation and food services	810	235	570	530	230	300
81 Other services (except public administration)	575	350	225	330	130	205
91 Public administration	450	215	235	285	135	150
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,370	5,660	4,710	6,010	3,070	2,945
Worked at home	750	325	425	640	325	315
Worked outside Canada	15	15	0	10	0	10
No fixed workplace address	1,325	1,025	295	805	610	200
Worked at usual place	8,285	4,295	3,985	4,555	2,140	2,420
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,285	4,295	3,985	4,560	2,135	2,420
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	3,655	1,875	1,780	1,225	550	680
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,345	2,205	2,140	770	335	430
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	195	130	60	2,555	1,245	1,305
Commute to a different province or territory	90	85	10	10	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	9,605	5,320	4,285	5,360	2,745	2,620
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,320	4,615	3,705	4,715	2,400	2,310
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	545	305	245	215	70	145
Public transit	140	85	55	95	45	50
Walked	405	175	235	235	155	80
Bicycle	80	80	0	15	10	10
Other method	115	75	45	80	60	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	9,605	5,320	4,285	5,360	2,740	2,620
Less than 15 minutes	4,840	2,455	2,390	1,625	720	900
15 to 29 minutes	3,400	1,915	1,485	1,485	735	745
30 to 44 minutes	635	370	265	940	510	435
45 to 59 minutes	180	110	70	640	355	290
60 minutes and over	550	475	80	670	425	250
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	9,605	5,320	4,285	5,360	2,745	2,615
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	910	745	165	375	275	100
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,700	1,035	660	785	475	315
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,755	1,485	1,265	1,505	695	815
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,640	590	1,050	1,300	590	710
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	780	290	495	535	205	325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,825	1,170	660	855	505	350
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	12,865	7,050	5,815	7,100	3,645	3,460
Single responses	12,810	7,030	5,780	6,655	3,405	3,255
Official languages	12,765	7,010	5,755	6,645	3,405	3,245
English	12,750	7,005	5,745	375	200	175
French	10	0	15	6,270	3,200	3,065
Non-official languages	50	25	25	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	25	15	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	20	10	0	0	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	20	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	55	20	35	445	235	205
English and French	40	20	15	430	235	195
English and non-official language	10	0	10	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	12,865	7,050	5,810	7,100	3,640	3,460
None	12,730	7,015	5,720	4,450	2,235	2,220
English	30	0	20	2,325	1,250	1,075
French	40	10	25	275	130	145
Non-official language	50	25	30	20	20	0
Aboriginal	20	0	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	20	10	20	20	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
French and non-official language	10	0	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	22,690	11,425	11,265	12,550	6,090	6,455
Non-movers	19,785	10,015	9,775	11,000	5,310	5,690
Movers	2,905	1,410	1,490	1,555	785	770
Non-migrants	1,825	890	935	585	315	275
Migrants	1,080	520	555	970	470	500
Internal migrants	1,050	510	535	945	460	485
Intraprovincial migrants	725	315	405	915	440	475
Interprovincial migrants	325	200	125	30	20	10
External migrants	30	10	20	20	10	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	21,920	11,020	10,905	12,105	5,850	6,260
Non-movers	14,060	7,115	6,945	7,355	3,550	3,805
Movers	7,860	3,905	3,955	4,755	2,295	2,455
Non-migrants	4,690	2,370	2,320	1,655	820	840
Migrants	3,170	1,535	1,640	3,100	1,485	1,615
Internal migrants	3,035	1,480	1,555	3,000	1,440	1,560
Intraprovincial migrants	2,245	1,070	1,180	2,920	1,390	1,535
Interprovincial migrants	785	410	375	75	50	30
External migrants	140	55	85	95	40	55

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Quesnel [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Sainte-Adèle, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quesnel [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Sainte-Adèle, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Quesnel [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Sainte-Adèle, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Quesnel [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Sainte-Adèle, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec