Census Profile, 2016 Census
Terrace [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Honoré-Mercier [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Terrace British Columbia [Census agglomeration]			Honoré-Mercier Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Terrace [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Map : Terrace [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Honoré-Mercier [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	15,723	...	...	103,592	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	15,569	...	...	102,587	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.0	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	6,752	...	...	42,888	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	6,362	...	...	41,529	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	212.7	...	...	2,732.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	73.91	...	...	37.92	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	15,725	7,900	7,825	103,590	48,995	54,600
0 to 14 years	2,850	1,465	1,385	17,445	8,850	8,595
0 to 4 years	950	475	475	5,635	2,825	2,805
5 to 9 years	955	495	460	6,150	3,115	3,035
10 to 14 years	940	485	455	5,655	2,910	2,750
15 to 64 years	10,540	5,330	5,210	65,575	31,595	33,980
15 to 19 years	970	495	475	5,895	3,040	2,855
20 to 24 years	1,050	555	500	6,230	3,170	3,055
25 to 29 years	1,125	585	545	5,650	2,760	2,885
30 to 34 years	1,050	545	505	5,730	2,680	3,045
35 to 39 years	915	465	445	6,635	3,135	3,500
40 to 44 years	970	465	505	6,780	3,225	3,555
45 to 49 years	1,180	570	615	7,200	3,510	3,690
50 to 54 years	1,165	580	585	7,660	3,715	3,950
55 to 59 years	1,120	555	565	7,430	3,515	3,915
60 to 64 years	990	515	475	6,370	2,835	3,535
65 years and over	2,335	1,110	1,225	20,575	8,550	12,020
65 to 69 years	845	415	425	5,970	2,665	3,305
70 to 74 years	600	280	320	4,675	2,025	2,655
75 to 79 years	385	195	195	3,925	1,625	2,295
80 to 84 years	265	120	140	3,095	1,260	1,835
85 years and over	235	90	145	2,905	980	1,925
85 to 89 years	145	60	90	2,015	735	1,285
90 to 94 years	75	30	40	715	215	505
95 to 99 years	10	5	10	155	30	125
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.1	18.5	17.7	16.8	18.1	15.7
15 to 64 years	67.0	67.5	66.6	63.3	64.5	62.2
65 years and over	14.8	14.1	15.7	19.9	17.5	22.0
85 years and over	1.5	1.1	1.9	2.8	2.0	3.5
Average age of the population	39.4	38.8	40.0	42.3	40.7	43.8
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.6	43.1	41.4	44.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	6,360	...	...	41,530	...	...
Single-detached house	4,065	...	...	7,430	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	4,420	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,775	...	...	29,675	...	...
Semi-detached house	315	...	...	5,235	...	...
Row house	445	...	...	2,790	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	375	...	...	2,020	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	580	...	...	19,595	...	...
Other single-attached house	60	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	525	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	6,365	...	...	41,530	...	...
1 person	1,765	...	...	12,630	...	...
2 persons	2,275	...	...	12,570	...	...
3 persons	955	...	...	6,605	...	...
4 persons	850	...	...	6,350	...	...
5 or more persons	520	...	...	3,365	...	...
Number of persons in private households	15,460	...	...	101,470	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	12,875	6,435	6,440	86,150	40,145	46,005
Married or living common law	7,350	3,675	3,675	45,815	22,930	22,885
Married	5,470	2,740	2,730	36,710	18,370	18,340
Living common law	1,880	935	945	9,105	4,560	4,540
Not married and not living common law	5,525	2,760	2,760	40,330	17,215	23,120
Never married	3,595	2,045	1,550	26,210	13,370	12,840
Separated	435	205	230	1,660	595	1,065
Divorced	780	350	430	6,675	2,220	4,460
Widowed	715	160	550	5,790	1,030	4,760
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	4,425	...	...	28,390	...	...
2 persons	2,385	...	...	13,065	...	...
3 persons	885	...	...	6,580	...	...
4 persons	800	...	...	6,165	...	...
5 or more persons	350	...	...	2,580	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	4,420	...	...	28,390	...	...
Total couple families	3,615	...	...	22,320	...	...
Married couples	2,670	...	...	17,775	...	...
Common-law couples	940	...	...	4,545	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	810	...	...	6,070	...	...
Female parent	590	...	...	5,135	...	...
Male parent	215	...	...	935	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,615	...	...	22,320	...	...
Couples without children	1,895	...	...	9,455	...	...
Couples with children	1,720	...	...	12,870	...	...
1 child	665	...	...	4,815	...	...
2 children	725	...	...	5,650	...	...
3 or more children	325	...	...	2,405	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	810	...	...	6,070	...	...
1 child	490	...	...	3,610	...	...
2 children	225	...	...	1,765	...	...
3 or more children	100	...	...	695	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	2,955	1,570	1,380	17,210	7,065	10,155
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	6,360	...	...	41,530	...	...
One-census-family households	4,160	...	...	27,220	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,800	...	...	9,105	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,360	...	...	18,110	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	130	...	...	575	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,075	...	...	13,740	...	...
One-person households	1,765	...	...	12,630	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	310	...	...	1,105	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	15,510	7,805	7,705	102,280	48,225	54,060
English only	14,490	7,320	7,170	2,910	1,440	1,470
French only	15	5	10	42,555	18,155	24,400
English and French	935	450	480	54,680	27,880	26,795
Neither English nor French	75	30	45	2,140	745	1,395
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	15,515	7,805	7,710	102,280	48,220	54,060
English	15,145	7,630	7,515	20,450	10,185	10,270
French	285	140	145	72,235	33,320	38,920
English and French	15	5	5	7,520	4,010	3,505
Neither English nor French	75	30	45	2,075	710	1,360
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	290	145	145	24,210	12,190	12,020
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.9	1.9	1.9	23.7	25.3	22.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	15,515	7,800	7,710	102,280	48,225	54,055
Single responses	15,310	7,710	7,605	96,990	45,650	51,340
Official languages	13,790	7,005	6,785	57,385	26,850	30,540
English	13,485	6,855	6,635	7,840	4,015	3,825
French	300	150	150	49,550	22,835	26,715
Non-official languages	1,520	705	815	39,605	18,805	20,800
Aboriginal languages	120	60	65	10	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	5	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5	0	5
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Plains Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	45	20	20	0	0	0
Nisga'a	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tsimshian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	5	0	5	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,405	650	755	39,595	18,795	20,800
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	5	5,570	2,835	2,740
Berber languages	0	0	0	1,535	795	740
Kabyle	0	0	0	1,005	525	475
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	530	265	265
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	5	4,040	2,040	1,995
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	4,025	2,035	1,990
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	1,480	705	775
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	580	260	320
Vietnamese	20	10	10	900	440	455
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	45	70	60	15	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	45	60	45	10	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	0	5	0	6,005	2,490	3,515
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	205	90	115
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	5,790	2,395	3,395
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	65	35	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	65	35	30
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,095	510	590	24,750	11,930	12,825
Albanian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Armenian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	75	30	45	990	435	550
Baltic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	5	0	0	15	0	10
Slavic languages	70	30	45	975	430	540
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	5	5	0	75	40	40
Croatian	5	0	0	55	30	30
Czech	5	5	5	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	10	15	270	115	155
Russian	15	5	10	325	140	190
Serbian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Ukrainian	10	10	10	115	55	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	350	160	190	70	30	35
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	50	20	30	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	225	105	120	45	25	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0	0	5
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Greek	10	5	5	235	115	125
Indo-Iranian languages	270	135	140	395	205	195
Indo-Aryan languages	270	130	135	210	110	105
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	5
Gujarati	5	0	0	10	5	5
Hindi	15	5	5	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	240	120	120	90	45	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	15	5	5
Urdu	10	5	0	50	30	25
Iranian languages	10	5	5	185	95	95
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	180	90	85
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	390	180	210	22,970	11,095	11,880
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Italian	45	25	25	15,730	7,625	8,105
Portuguese	285	135	150	1,355	665	685
Romanian	5	5	0	1,160	580	580
Spanish	55	20	35	4,720	2,220	2,500
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Japanese	5	0	5	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	25	10	15	15	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	5	465	220	240
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	5	0	20	5	15
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	105	50	60
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	40	20	25
Wolof	0	0	0	55	20	30
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	140	75	65
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	5
Sign languages	5	5	5	25	15	15
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	65	30	35	845	395	455
Chinese languages	60	30	30	840	390	450
Cantonese	35	20	20	435	205	235
Hakka	0	0	0	5	0	5
Mandarin	20	10	15	220	95	130
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	130	70	60
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	40	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	125	50	80
Lao	0	0	0	120	50	70
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	115	70	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	115	70	45
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	15	10	50	25	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	5	5	0	5
Hungarian	15	5	5	50	25	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	200	95	110	5,285	2,570	2,715
English and French	55	25	30	905	480	435
English and non-official language	140	65	75	835	395	440
French and non-official language	5	5	0	2,970	1,405	1,565
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	580	295	280
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	15,510	7,805	7,710	102,280	48,225	54,060
Single responses	15,240	7,675	7,565	90,980	42,825	48,155
Official languages	14,750	7,445	7,300	74,270	35,085	39,190
English	14,640	7,400	7,245	18,175	9,080	9,090
French	100	45	55	56,100	26,005	30,095
Non-official languages	495	225	265	16,710	7,740	8,970
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	485	225	260	16,705	7,735	8,970
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	2,135	1,070	1,065
Berber languages	0	0	0	545	280	265
Kabyle	0	0	0	395	195	200
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	85	70
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	1,585	795	795
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	5	1,580	790	790
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	5	1,120	525	595
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	370	165	205
Vietnamese	10	5	5	750	360	390
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	20	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	2,200	890	1,305
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	85	40	50
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	2,115	850	1,260
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	5	0	50	25	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	50	25	25
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	350	155	195	10,255	4,760	5,495
Albanian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	560	260	300
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slavic languages	10	0	5	565	260	305
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Croatian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	115	50	70
Russian	5	0	0	235	115	120
Serbian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	50	20	30	5	5	5
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	80	45	40
Indo-Iranian languages	155	75	85	250	115	135
Indo-Aryan languages	160	75	85	135	65	70
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	5
Gujarati	5	5	0	5	5	0
Hindi	5	0	5	15	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	145	70	75	75	30	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iranian languages	5	0	5	115	50	65
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	110	50	65
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages	125	50	75	9,310	4,320	4,990
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Italian	15	5	10	4,935	2,235	2,700
Portuguese	90	35	55	530	245	275
Romanian	0	0	0	855	435	420
Spanish	20	10	10	2,995	1,400	1,595
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	10	10	15	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75	30	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	20	10	15
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	45	30	15
American Sign Language	5	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	5	30	25	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	20	625	295	330
Chinese languages	40	20	20	620	295	330
Cantonese	15	10	10	335	160	175
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	10	5	185	90	100
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	80	40	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	5	15	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	85	35	45
Lao	0	0	0	75	30	45
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	85	55	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	85	55	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	10	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	275	130	145	11,300	5,400	5,900
English and French	20	10	10	1,550	775	775
English and non-official language	245	115	130	1,405	650	755
French and non-official language	0	0	0	6,790	3,190	3,595
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	1,560	780	780
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	15,510	7,805	7,710	102,280	48,220	54,060
None	14,430	7,280	7,145	70,055	32,765	37,290
English	310	145	165	5,330	2,645	2,680
French	160	70	85	8,835	4,230	4,610
Non-official language	605	300	305	14,580	6,855	7,730
Aboriginal	130	65	60	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	475	235	245	14,580	6,855	7,725
English and French	0	0	0	925	480	450
English and non-official language	5	0	0	910	455	455
French and non-official language	5	0	5	1,605	775	835
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	25	15
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,620	6,320	6,305	84,050	39,195	44,850
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,200	6,120	6,075	80,490	37,435	43,055
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,279	46,639	29,888	30,741	33,927	28,050
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,210	6,130	6,080	80,500	37,440	43,065
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,624	40,239	27,524	28,009	30,363	26,047
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,000	5,630	5,370	70,620	33,760	36,860
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,458	44,977	27,465	27,125	31,104	23,875
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,425	3,775	4,640	65,005	28,415	36,590
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,770	7,419	6,368	7,667	5,005	8,995
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,560	4,970	4,590	55,630	27,765	27,865
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,176	47,221	27,845	30,390	32,724	28,288
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	12,620	6,315	6,310	84,095	39,260	44,835
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,170	6,105	6,070	80,545	37,485	43,055
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,568	55,081	36,002	38,267	42,440	34,635
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,185	6,115	6,075	80,550	37,490	43,065
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,497	45,262	31,691	32,014	34,705	29,672
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,965	5,615	5,345	70,565	33,920	36,645
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,939	53,870	33,505	35,443	40,337	30,912
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,375	3,760	4,610	65,045	28,495	36,550
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,709	8,922	8,536	8,935	7,817	9,806
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,565	4,975	4,585	55,620	27,925	27,695
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,701	54,101	32,429	37,233	40,690	33,746
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	12,625	6,315	6,310	84,095	39,265	44,830
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,860	2,135	1,720	24,335	13,150	11,185
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,421	66,477	45,021	44,929	47,133	42,438
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	61,889	71,228	50,323	52,404	55,866	48,334
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.1	90.2	82.5	81.2	86.0	76.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	75.5	79.5	69.4	67.3	71.3	63.0
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.8	9.8	17.5	18.8	14.0	23.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	12,625	6,320	6,310	84,045	39,195	44,855
Without total income	425	195	225	3,555	1,760	1,800
With total income	12,200	6,120	6,080	80,490	37,435	43,050
Percentage with total income	96.6	96.8	96.4	95.8	95.5	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,530	625	905	10,250	4,770	5,480
$10,000 to $19,999	1,860	745	1,120	15,685	6,075	9,605
$20,000 to $29,999	1,710	690	1,025	13,465	5,830	7,635
$30,000 to $39,999	1,520	640	880	11,140	5,190	5,950
$40,000 to $49,999	1,280	570	710	9,580	4,475	5,105
$50,000 to $59,999	1,030	540	490	6,560	3,170	3,390
$60,000 to $69,999	790	475	310	4,300	2,255	2,050
$70,000 to $79,999	605	390	215	3,095	1,640	1,455
$80,000 to $89,999	485	320	160	1,940	1,085	860
$90,000 to $99,999	385	295	95	1,270	770	500
$100,000 and over	1,000	835	170	3,200	2,175	1,030
$100,000 to $149,999	790	655	135	2,335	1,560	780
$150,000 and over	210	175	35	875	620	255
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	12,620	6,320	6,305	84,045	39,195	44,850
Without after-tax income	410	185	225	3,545	1,755	1,790
With after-tax income	12,210	6,130	6,080	80,500	37,440	43,065
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.0	96.4	95.8	95.5	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,580	655	925	10,610	4,860	5,755
$10,000 to $19,999	1,950	800	1,150	16,325	6,405	9,915
$20,000 to $29,999	2,065	850	1,220	16,240	7,215	9,025
$30,000 to $39,999	1,745	755	990	14,260	6,770	7,490
$40,000 to $49,999	1,485	740	745	9,780	4,715	5,070
$50,000 to $59,999	1,035	605	435	5,765	2,930	2,830
$60,000 to $69,999	755	490	265	3,195	1,760	1,440
$70,000 to $79,999	590	430	165	1,720	1,020	695
$80,000 and over	995	815	185	2,605	1,760	850
$80,000 to $89,999	390	310	80	980	630	350
$90,000 to $99,999	215	175	40	510	360	150
$100,000 and over	390	325	60	1,115	770	345
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	12,625	6,320	6,310	84,045	39,195	44,855
Without employment income	3,060	1,345	1,715	28,420	11,435	16,985
With employment income	9,560	4,975	4,595	55,630	27,760	27,865
Percentage with employment income	75.7	78.7	72.8	66.2	70.8	62.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,270	550	725	7,240	3,595	3,645
$5,000 to $9,999	670	285	390	4,585	2,055	2,535
$10,000 to $19,999	1,135	485	650	8,235	3,855	4,385
$20,000 to $29,999	1,130	445	680	7,465	3,450	4,010
$30,000 to $39,999	1,070	440	630	7,305	3,435	3,865
$40,000 to $49,999	880	385	490	6,110	2,930	3,180
$50,000 to $59,999	740	400	340	4,420	2,300	2,120
$60,000 to $69,999	585	385	205	3,040	1,665	1,375
$70,000 to $79,999	510	340	165	2,455	1,355	1,100
$80,000 and over	1,575	1,255	320	4,775	3,125	1,650
$80,000 to $89,999	450	310	140	1,445	860	580
$90,000 to $99,999	320	245	70	940	605	330
$100,000 and over	810	700	105	2,385	1,655	735
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	6,365	...	...	41,530	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	73,856	...	...	59,309	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,666	...	...	52,615	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,765	...	...	12,630	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,893	...	...	32,148	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,048	...	...	29,084	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	4,595	...	...	28,900	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,654	...	...	75,707	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,309	...	...	66,338	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	6,360	...	...	41,525	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	87,184	...	...	74,227	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,746	...	...	62,103	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,760	...	...	12,575	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	48,422	...	...	38,385	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,086	...	...	32,125	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	4,605	...	...	28,950	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,018	...	...	89,790	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,245	...	...	75,120	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	6,365	...	...	41,530	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	345	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	165	...	...	895	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	240	...	...	1,890	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	275	...	...	2,310	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	245	...	...	1,935	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	265	...	...	2,285	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	270	...	...	2,325	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	270	...	...	2,285	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	245	...	...	2,235	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	460	...	...	4,020	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	440	...	...	3,380	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	450	...	...	2,925	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	405	...	...	2,530	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	365	...	...	2,055	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,165	...	...	9,645	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	695	...	...	3,850	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	595	...	...	2,325	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	575	...	...	2,155	...	...
$200,000 and over	300	...	...	1,315	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	6,365	...	...	41,530	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	390	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	50	...	...	495	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	170	...	...	920	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	250	...	...	1,980	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	325	...	...	2,585	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	285	...	...	2,305	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	345	...	...	2,830	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	295	...	...	2,860	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	305	...	...	2,670	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	295	...	...	2,550	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	565	...	...	4,440	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	525	...	...	3,705	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	495	...	...	3,150	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	430	...	...	2,540	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	370	...	...	1,950	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,610	...	...	6,165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	770	...	...	3,205	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	425	...	...	1,480	...	...
$150,000 and over	420	...	...	1,485	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	4,370	...	...	28,200	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,215	...	...	75,651	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,676	...	...	66,291	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,750	...	...	8,875	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,464	...	...	64,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,713	...	...	56,406	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,725	...	...	12,935	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,120	...	...	97,235	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,584	...	...	83,889	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	745	...	...	5,685	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,368	...	...	54,843	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,920	...	...	49,960	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	4,400	...	...	28,295	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,799	...	...	89,942	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,820	...	...	75,168	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,755	...	...	8,915	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,578	...	...	77,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,615	...	...	64,827	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,700	...	...	12,935	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,953	...	...	110,814	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,925	...	...	91,828	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	775	...	...	5,685	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,101	...	...	62,444	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,707	...	...	54,746	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,565	1,375	1,190	14,770	6,155	8,615
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,207	35,072	30,805	30,568	33,092	28,959
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,952	31,584	27,840	27,950	29,495	26,987
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,475	1,355	1,120	14,520	6,115	8,405
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,135	47,163	38,276	36,998	38,838	35,659
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,997	39,646	33,802	31,117	31,995	30,479
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	15,460	7,775	7,685	101,465	48,025	53,445
In the bottom half of the distribution	7,500	3,645	3,855	62,425	28,745	33,680
In the bottom decile	1,500	735	765	8,415	3,915	4,500
In the second decile	1,640	755	880	11,890	5,040	6,845
In the third decile	1,380	680	700	14,970	6,885	8,080
In the fourth decile	1,460	715	745	14,350	6,745	7,605
In the fifth decile	1,520	755	765	12,810	6,165	6,650
In the top half of the distribution	7,965	4,130	3,835	39,040	19,285	19,760
In the sixth decile	1,580	810	775	11,050	5,380	5,670
In the seventh decile	1,560	805	755	9,580	4,700	4,880
In the eighth decile	1,720	900	825	8,005	3,930	4,070
In the ninth decile	1,770	915	855	6,330	3,240	3,095
In the top decile	1,330	710	625	4,080	2,035	2,045
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	15,375	7,740	7,635	101,465	48,025	53,440
0 to 17 years	3,395	1,740	1,650	20,890	10,645	10,245
0 to 5 years	1,130	570	560	6,875	3,465	3,410
18 to 64 years	9,780	4,930	4,845	61,405	29,205	32,190
65 years and over	2,195	1,065	1,135	19,175	8,175	11,005
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,105	1,000	1,100	13,950	5,985	7,960
0 to 17 years	670	335	340	3,495	1,770	1,725
0 to 5 years	250	120	130	1,240	620	620
18 to 64 years	1,130	545	590	7,400	3,315	4,085
65 years and over	295	120	175	3,055	900	2,150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.7	12.9	14.4	13.7	12.5	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.3	20.6	16.7	16.6	16.8
0 to 5 years (%)	22.1	21.1	23.2	18.0	17.9	18.2
18 to 64 years (%)	11.6	11.1	12.2	12.1	11.4	12.7
65 years and over (%)	13.4	11.3	15.4	15.9	11.0	19.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	915	490	425	10,465	4,660	5,805
0 to 17 years	245	125	120	2,590	1,340	1,250
0 to 5 years	80	40	40	935	485	455
18 to 64 years	640	345	295	6,050	2,805	3,240
65 years and over	25	20	10	1,835	510	1,320
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.0	6.3	5.6	10.3	9.7	10.9
0 to 17 years (%)	7.2	7.2	7.3	12.4	12.6	12.2
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	7.0	7.1	13.6	14.0	13.3
18 to 64 years (%)	6.5	7.0	6.1	9.9	9.6	10.1
65 years and over (%)	1.1	1.9	0.9	9.6	6.2	12.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	15,460	7,775	7,685	101,530	48,045	53,485
Official languages	15,390	7,755	7,640	99,245	47,255	51,985
English	15,380	7,750	7,635	57,080	29,150	27,930
French	940	470	465	96,380	45,840	50,540
Non-official languages	1,950	885	1,065	56,455	26,840	29,615
Aboriginal languages	225	105	120	25	15	10
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	10	0	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	15	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	175	85	90	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	55	15	35	0	0	0
Nisga'a	125	65	55	0	0	0
Tsimshian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,730	775	950	56,435	26,825	29,610
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	8,070	4,145	3,920
Berber languages	0	0	0	1,970	1,010	955
Kabyle	0	0	0	1,170	640	530
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	810	375	435
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	10	7,210	3,695	3,515
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	15	7,190	3,680	3,515
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	10	0	1,850	885	960
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	740	345	390
Vietnamese	10	10	0	1,125	555	575
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	120	55	65	105	25	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malay	10	0	10	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	110	50	60	90	25	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	11,870	5,040	6,830
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	310	130	180
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	11,560	4,915	6,640
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dravidian languages	45	25	20	40	20	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	30	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	0	35	25	15
Telugu	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,355	610	745	32,955	16,005	16,950
Albanian	0	0	0	75	55	20
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	65	15	45	1,530	735	795
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	60	15	50	1,520	735	790
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	75	40	35
Croatian	10	0	10	115	70	45
Czech	0	0	10	0	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	0	325	160	165
Russian	10	0	0	845	390	455
Serbian	10	10	0	45	15	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	65	25	40
Ukrainian	15	0	10	120	50	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	395	170	225	265	165	105
Afrikaans	40	10	30	0	0	0
Danish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	50	25	25	15	0	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	285	135	155	245	160	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	10	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	15	0	380	200	180
Indo-Iranian languages	295	150	145	395	210	190
Indo-Aryan languages	280	140	135	205	100	110
Bengali	0	0	0	40	30	15
Gujarati	20	15	10	10	0	0
Hindi	70	20	40	120	50	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	210	120	95	65	40	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	30	0	25
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iranian languages	10	0	0	200	120	85
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	10	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	0	10	195	110	80
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	600	265	340	31,045	15,030	16,020
Catalan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Italian	65	30	35	21,080	10,330	10,745
Portuguese	355	150	205	1,930	930	1,000
Romanian	15	0	0	1,515	750	760
Spanish	185	85	105	7,965	3,695	4,270
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	20	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	25	35	20	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	20	875	425	450
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	55	35	20
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	35	20	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	240	90	145
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	80	30	50
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	45	20	20
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	10	100	35	65
Wolof	0	0	0	115	65	55
Yoruba	15	10	10	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	260	150	110
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	50	20	35	95	55	40
American Sign Language	15	0	15	10	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	15
Sign languages, n.i.e.	35	20	20	70	50	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	40	20	25	1,145	515	625
Chinese languages	45	20	25	1,140	520	625
Cantonese	40	20	20	700	315	390
Hakka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mandarin	10	0	0	455	190	270
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	135	65	65
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	70	25	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	200	80	120
Lao	0	0	0	165	75	95
Thai	0	0	0	50	20	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	0	170	110	60
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	170	115	55
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	10	20	75	30	45
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	15	75	35	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	15,460	7,775	7,685	101,535	48,045	53,490
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	14,905	7,465	7,445	93,965	44,640	49,325
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,325	1,715	1,610	19,460	9,840	9,625
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	11,580	5,750	5,830	74,500	34,810	39,695
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	550	310	240	7,570	3,405	4,160
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	15,460	7,775	7,685	101,530	48,045	53,485
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	13,820	7,005	6,815	66,310	31,700	34,615
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,530	695	830	34,610	16,065	18,540
Before 1981	905	400	505	11,995	5,590	6,405
1981 to 1990	165	75	95	4,360	2,075	2,285
1991 to 2000	100	25	70	4,885	2,165	2,720
2001 to 2010	210	105	105	8,350	3,960	4,390
2001 to 2005	50	15	35	3,565	1,710	1,855
2006 to 2010	160	90	70	4,785	2,250	2,535
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	145	90	55	5,015	2,275	2,740
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	110	75	40	610	280	330
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,530	695	830	34,610	16,065	18,540
Under 5 years	195	85	110	3,575	1,720	1,860
5 to 14 years	305	155	150	6,500	2,950	3,550
15 to 24 years	420	180	235	8,100	3,525	4,580
25 to 44 years	535	240	300	14,395	7,020	7,375
45 years and over	70	35	35	2,030	855	1,175
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,525	700	830	34,610	16,065	18,540
Americas	200	85	115	12,810	5,480	7,325
Brazil	0	0	0	90	35	60
Colombia	10	0	0	415	185	235
El Salvador	0	0	0	575	300	275
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	8,700	3,610	5,095
Jamaica	10	0	0	30	15	15
Mexico	10	0	10	170	65	110
Peru	0	0	0	660	275	385
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	30	20	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	135	55	75	435	220	220
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	25	1,680	755	920
Europe	835	385	455	11,415	5,490	5,925
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	95	65	30
France	10	10	0	700	385	310
Germany	115	55	65	60	35	25
Greece	0	0	0	100	50	50
Hungary	10	0	0	20	15	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	35	15	25	7,285	3,440	3,845
Netherlands	45	25	20	0	0	0
Poland	20	10	10	200	90	115
Portugal	240	110	130	910	440	470
Romania	10	0	0	685	320	360
Russian Federation	0	0	10	95	40	50
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Ukraine	10	0	10	120	30	95
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	235	115	120	45	40	10
Other places of birth in Europe	80	30	50	1,070	530	540
Africa	80	25	50	7,110	3,590	3,520
Algeria	0	0	0	3,920	1,975	1,950
Egypt	0	0	0	110	60	50
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	15	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	1,510	765	745
Nigeria	20	15	10	0	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	15	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	1,560	780	775
Asia	390	185	200	3,260	1,505	1,760
Afghanistan	0	0	0	55	20	35
Bangladesh	0	0	0	30	20	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	415	160	250
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	55	20	40
India	190	95	95	55	25	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	10	90	50	40
Iraq	0	0	0	20	10	10
Japan	10	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	25	10	10	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	460	245	210
Pakistan	15	10	10	35	20	15
Philippines	95	50	50	90	20	65
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	30	15	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	125	70	60
Taiwan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Viet Nam	10	0	10	765	365	395
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	995	445	555
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	20	15	20	0	15
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	150	95	50	5,015	2,275	2,740
Americas	30	25	10	2,085	925	1,160
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	10
Colombia	0	0	0	95	35	60
Cuba	0	0	0	60	35	25
Haiti	0	0	0	1,520	680	840
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	45	15	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	20	0	80	35	45
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	235	105	130
Europe	0	10	0	595	285	315
France	0	0	0	50	25	25
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	335	145	185
Romania	0	0	0	70	25	45
Russian Federation	0	0	0	40	15	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	85	50	35
Africa	30	20	15	2,085	980	1,105
Algeria	0	0	0	1,080	530	545
Cameroon	0	0	0	170	80	90
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	70	20	50
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	75	25	50
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	390	195	200
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	135	50	90
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	165	80	85
Asia	80	45	35	245	85	155
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	0	90	20	70
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	40	20	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	0	0	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	20	10
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	25	10	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	40	15	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	15,460	7,775	7,685	101,530	48,045	53,485
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,710	790	915	35,470	16,505	18,965
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,745	1,385	1,360	27,665	13,685	13,980
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	11,010	5,600	5,410	38,395	17,860	20,535
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	645	305	340	23,285	10,785	12,500
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	360	200	160	11,090	5,590	5,500
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	145	90	55	5,050	3,015	2,040
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	220	115	105	6,040	2,580	3,460
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	255	90	165	7,900	3,070	4,830
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	25	10	10	3,990	1,970	2,015
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	310	155	155
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	15,460	7,775	7,685	101,530	48,045	53,490
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,630	1,765	1,870	520	225	295
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	3,600	1,745	1,855	490	215	280
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,915	1,395	1,520	225	110	115
Métis	660	340	325	255	90	155
Inuk (Inuit)	25	0	10	15	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	15	10	0	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	11,830	6,010	5,820	101,010	47,820	53,190
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	15,460	7,775	7,685	101,530	48,045	53,485
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,465	1,170	1,300	150	60	90
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,990	6,605	6,385	101,385	47,985	53,395
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	15,460	7,775	7,685	101,530	48,045	53,485
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,355	640	710	370	155	215
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,325	630	700	325	135	195
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,230	570	660	215	85	130
Métis single ancestry	85	50	35	95	35	60
Inuit single ancestry	15	10	10	15	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	25	10	10	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	25	15	15	40	20	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	2,070	1,055	1,015	1,245	530	715
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	2,005	1,045	965	1,245	535	715
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,525	780	745	1,120	475	645
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	470	255	215	105	55	50
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	20	0	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	60	10	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	10	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	12,035	6,080	5,955	99,915	47,360	52,555
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	15,460	7,775	7,685	101,530	48,045	53,485
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	950	495	450	33,125	15,335	17,790
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	395	220	175	325	165	160
Chinese	70	35	35	965	400	565
Black	105	55	45	18,025	8,015	10,010
Filipino	190	90	100	145	55	95
Latin American	60	30	30	4,485	2,110	2,375
Arab	0	0	0	6,125	3,140	2,980
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	0	10	2,165	1,020	1,145
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	0	10	200	105	95
Korean	45	20	25	25	15	10
Japanese	30	20	10	20	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	100	40	60
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	15	10	0	550	265	280
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	14,510	7,280	7,230	68,405	32,710	35,700
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	15,460	7,775	7,685	101,535	48,045	53,490
North American Aboriginal origins	3,420	1,695	1,730	1,615	685	930
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,840	1,370	1,465	1,375	575	795
Inuit	30	15	15	40	20	20
Métis	640	330	310	240	110	135
Other North American origins	4,740	2,380	2,365	28,950	13,345	15,600
Acadian	45	30	20	150	60	95
American	315	155	160	265	135	130
Canadian	4,440	2,235	2,200	27,155	12,435	14,720
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	20	10	15	0	0	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Québécois	10	0	10	1,700	855	850
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	11,150	5,640	5,510	46,605	22,675	23,925
British Isles origins	6,915	3,540	3,375	3,965	1,825	2,140
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	3,910	2,020	1,890	1,160	575	585
Irish	2,565	1,255	1,310	2,490	1,070	1,420
Manx	10	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	3,180	1,550	1,630	880	390	490
Welsh	305	165	140	70	30	35
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	540	285	255	60	40	25
French origins	2,210	1,140	1,070	12,615	5,965	6,655
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	55	25	30
Corsican	0	0	0	10	10	0
French	2,205	1,140	1,070	12,575	5,945	6,630
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,645	1,825	1,825	1,560	715	845
Austrian	115	30	85	80	40	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	25	10	15	325	145	180
Dutch	885	470	410	135	50	90
Flemish	0	10	0	10	0	10
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,780	1,375	1,405	935	435	505
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swiss	185	115	75	140	85	60
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,765	835	925	80	30	50
Danish	225	125	100	15	10	10
Finnish	170	90	75	30	10	20
Icelandic	85	50	40	0	0	0
Norwegian	880	405	475	10	10	0
Swedish	510	260	250	30	10	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	70	25	50	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,870	925	940	3,340	1,610	1,730
Bulgarian	10	10	0	130	60	70
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	35	10	30	25	15	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	55	30	25	30	30	10
Estonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	235	105	130	200	100	105
Latvian	10	10	0	15	0	10
Lithuanian	20	10	0	40	20	20
Moldovan	0	0	0	450	245	210
Polish	480	220	260	835	410	420
Romanian	95	55	40	1,200	575	625
Russian	245	145	105	365	160	210
Slovak	55	25	30	35	20	15
Ukrainian	870	440	430	445	165	275
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,445	760	690	29,855	14,785	15,075
Albanian	0	0	0	115	75	35
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	15	10	200	130	70
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	10
Greek	65	20	50	630	330	300
Italian	525	310	215	25,310	12,525	12,785
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	30	25	10
Montenegrin	10	10	0	15	10	10
Portuguese	720	370	360	2,440	1,255	1,185
Serbian	10	0	0	90	35	50
Sicilian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Slovenian	15	0	15	105	40	65
Spanish	90	50	40	1,775	775	1,005
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	25	10	15	70	35	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	10	0
Other European origins	155	70	90	135	70	65
Basque	0	0	0	25	15	10
Jewish	70	45	25	70	35	40
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	80	25	60	30	20	15
Caribbean origins	25	15	10	15,335	6,610	8,730
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	35	10	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	305	145	160
Dominican	0	0	0	480	185	290
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Haitian	0	0	0	14,410	6,190	8,220
Jamaican	10	15	0	185	75	110
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	35	20	15
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	90	45	50
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	80	35	40
Latin, Central and South American origins	105	45	60	4,725	2,215	2,505
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	145	60	85
Arawak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	90	50	40
Belizean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Brazilian	0	0	0	95	40	55
Chilean	0	0	10	435	210	225
Colombian	15	0	10	615	290	325
Costa Rican	10	0	0	15	0	15
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	50	30	20
Guatemalan	0	0	0	550	250	300
Guyanese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	50	25	25
Honduran	0	0	0	175	105	70
Maya	10	10	10	45	25	25
Mexican	20	10	10	415	180	235
Nicaraguan	30	20	10	110	70	45
Panamanian	0	0	0	70	30	45
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	765	335	425
Salvadorean	0	0	0	955	490	460
Uruguayan	0	0	0	70	25	45
Venezuelan	0	0	0	205	100	110
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	10	0	180	90	90
African origins	160	75	80	11,570	5,885	5,685
Central and West African origins	10	0	0	1,490	800	690
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	25	10	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	260	145	115
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	500	260	245
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	75	30	40
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	200	115	85
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	55	25	35
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Peulh	0	0	0	15	20	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	185	85	95
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	110	60	55
North African origins	0	0	0	8,015	4,105	3,905
Algerian	0	0	0	3,635	1,870	1,765
Berber	0	0	0	2,190	1,120	1,070
Coptic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	235	145	90
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	2,030	1,015	1,015
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	335	175	155
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	80	40	35
Southern and East African origins	40	0	35	385	150	230
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	40	10	30
Burundian	0	0	0	105	50	55
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	25	10	20
Mauritian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	75	40	30
Seychellois	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	15
South African	40	0	35	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	25	15	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other African origins	115	70	50	1,770	875	895
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	10	0	85	35	50
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	110	65	45	1,695	845	855
Asian origins	875	450	430	7,320	3,600	3,725
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	75	30	40	3,285	1,760	1,525
Afghan	15	0	20	95	55	40
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	1,295	705	595
Armenian	15	0	10	145	85	60
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	135	70	70
Iraqi	0	0	0	15	0	15
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	25	20	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	25	20	0	1,110	585	525
Palestinian	0	0	0	65	35	35
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Syrian	0	0	0	310	170	140
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	240	135	110
Turkmen	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	15	10	10	10	0	10
South Asian origins	410	215	195	370	185	185
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	395	215	180	260	120	140
Goan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	100	50	45
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	415	200	215	3,635	1,645	1,985
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	795	380	410
Chinese	95	45	50	1,655	735	930
Filipino	200	95	105	170	70	95
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	35	30	10	25	15	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	45	20	25	25	15	10
Laotian	0	0	0	190	85	100
Malaysian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	10	50	25	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	1,270	615	650
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	45	25	25
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	10	0	45	25	20
Oceania origins	55	35	20	0	0	0
Australian	25	20	10	10	0	0
New Zealander	15	0	15	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	15	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	6,365	...	...	41,525	...	...
Owner	4,495	...	...	23,470	...	...
Renter	1,865	...	...	18,055	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	6,360	...	...	41,525	...	...
Condominium	380	...	...	7,765	...	...
Not condominium	5,980	...	...	33,755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	6,365	...	...	41,525	...	...
No bedrooms	45	...	...	135	...	...
1 bedroom	510	...	...	6,865	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,620	...	...	13,050	...	...
3 bedrooms	2,080	...	...	16,785	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,105	...	...	4,685	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	6,365	...	...	41,520	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,460	...	...	17,285	...	...
5 rooms	1,055	...	...	8,455	...	...
6 rooms	920	...	...	5,135	...	...
7 rooms	705	...	...	4,395	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,220	...	...	6,250	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	6,360	...	...	41,525	...	...
One person or fewer per room	6,275	...	...	40,755	...	...
More than 1 person per room	90	...	...	770	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	6,360	...	...	41,525	...	...
Suitable	6,100	...	...	38,530	...	...
Not suitable	265	...	...	2,995	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	6,365	...	...	41,525	...	...
1960 or before	865	...	...	4,350	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,025	...	...	15,105	...	...
1981 to 1990	955	...	...	11,145	...	...
1991 to 2000	925	...	...	5,245	...	...
2001 to 2005	120	...	...	2,690	...	...
2006 to 2010	185	...	...	1,995	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	290	...	...	995	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	6,365	...	...	41,525	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	5,730	...	...	39,550	...	...
Major repairs needed	630	...	...	1,975	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	6,365	...	...	41,525	...	...
1 household maintainer	3,725	...	...	25,495	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,425	...	...	15,205	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	215	...	...	825	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	6,360	...	...	41,520	...	...
15 to 24 years	305	...	...	545	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,020	...	...	4,070	...	...
35 to 44 years	950	...	...	7,325	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,425	...	...	8,615	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,195	...	...	8,100	...	...
65 to 74 years	870	...	...	6,655	...	...
75 to 84 years	495	...	...	4,610	...	...
85 years and over	100	...	...	1,605	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	6,315	...	...	41,500	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	5,250	...	...	31,840	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,065	...	...	9,660	...	...
30% to less than 100%	990	...	...	8,895	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	4,455	...	...	23,470	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	59.5	...	...	58.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.2	...	...	16.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	954	...	...	1,067	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,052	...	...	1,192	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,426	...	...	341,657	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	302,228	...	...	357,567	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,860	...	...	18,055	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.9	...	...	9.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	35.1	...	...	32.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	888	...	...	771	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	923	...	...	832	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	12,620	6,315	6,305	84,095	39,265	44,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,810	1,440	1,370	18,970	8,665	10,305
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,605	1,715	1,890	19,870	9,300	10,575
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,200	3,160	3,040	45,255	21,300	23,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,525	1,185	335	13,060	6,950	6,115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	565	340	220	9,645	4,570	5,075
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	960	840	115	3,420	2,375	1,040
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,570	1,110	1,455	14,595	6,335	8,260
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	315	90	225	3,345	1,385	1,955
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,805	775	1,025	14,250	6,630	7,625
Bachelor's degree	1,265	530	735	9,865	4,450	5,415
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	125	50	75	1,650	825	825
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	60	35	25	310	135	175
Master's degree	330	150	180	2,155	1,045	1,110
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	15	15	265	170	95
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	8,395	4,220	4,175	52,870	25,005	27,865
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,290	690	600	6,890	3,435	3,455
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,260	1,075	1,185	11,375	5,540	5,840
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,840	2,455	2,385	34,605	16,040	18,565
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,055	835	220	9,830	4,965	4,865
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	370	215	155	7,405	3,355	4,050
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	680	620	65	2,425	1,610	810
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,015	905	1,115	10,270	4,515	5,750
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	70	155	2,445	1,035	1,405
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,550	650	900	12,065	5,520	6,545
Bachelor's degree	1,090	445	640	8,375	3,780	4,595
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	100	40	65	1,375	640	735
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	50	30	20	235	75	155
Master's degree	285	120	165	1,860	900	960
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	0	225	135	95
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	12,625	6,320	6,305	84,095	39,260	44,835
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,420	3,160	3,260	38,840	17,965	20,875
Education	505	110	395	2,750	525	2,230
13. Education	505	115	390	2,750	520	2,230
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	105	45	65	1,650	855	795
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	0	365	305	60
50. Visual and performing arts	90	30	55	1,285	550	740
Humanities	260	125	140	2,445	945	1,500
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	455	75	380
23. English language and literature/letters	55	20	40	185	35	150
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	20	45	1,200	510	690
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	90	55	30
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	50	30	75	60	10
54. History	50	30	25	155	85	70
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	295	120	170
Social and behavioural sciences and law	565	220	350	4,965	1,530	3,440
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	30	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	20	340	120	225
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	20	135	1,335	85	1,250
22. Legal professions and studies	40	20	20	920	300	625
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	160	25	130
42. Psychology	125	50	70	490	120	370
45. Social sciences	210	120	90	1,690	875	815
Business, management and public administration	1,065	330	730	11,730	4,540	7,195
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	15	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	245	40	205	480	70	415
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	820	290	535	11,235	4,450	6,780
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	75	65	1,410	745	665
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	60	35	30	480	215	270
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	25	10	275	155	125
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	10	135	60	75
40. Physical sciences	20	10	15	440	280	155
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10	75	35	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	80	50	35	2,190	1,475	710
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	50	30	1,765	1,275	490
25. Library science	0	0	0	150	20	125
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	245	150	95
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	35	30	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,595	1,495	95	8,345	7,695	645
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	300	205	90
14. Engineering	70	55	15	1,825	1,515	310
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	240	220	20	1,545	1,430	110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	490	470	20	2,000	1,950	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540	505	35	1,775	1,735	40
48. Precision production	245	240	10	900	860	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	315	230	90	325	205	120
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	60	25	35	255	160	100
03. Natural resources and conservation	260	205	55	65	45	20
Health and related fields	1,045	215	830	6,270	1,205	5,065
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	55	25	25	310	170	135
51. Health professions and related programs	985	185	795	5,870	1,000	4,875
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	90	40	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	520	270	250	3,170	1,565	1,600
12. Personal and culinary services	345	100	240	2,050	620	1,425
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	35	40	0	600	465	135
49. Transportation and materials moving	140	125	10	505	465	45
Other	0	0	0	15	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	15	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	8,395	4,220	4,175	52,870	25,005	27,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,560	1,765	1,790	18,270	8,970	9,295
Education	405	95	305	1,835	285	1,550
13. Education	405	95	305	1,835	280	1,550
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	90	45	50	1,180	575	600
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	0	240	190	50
50. Visual and performing arts	75	30	45	945	390	550
Humanities	195	85	115	1,595	585	1,010
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	400	75	335
23. English language and literature/letters	50	15	35	145	25	120
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	10	40	675	285	390
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	50	40	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	35	15	30	30	10
54. History	40	15	25	95	50	40
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	200	80	120
Social and behavioural sciences and law	455	175	280	3,810	1,120	2,690
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	15	20	250	90	155
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	115	10	110	1,060	55	1,000
22. Legal professions and studies	25	10	15	775	240	535
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	95	15	80
42. Psychology	95	40	55	385	85	305
45. Social sciences	180	100	75	1,215	620	590
Business, management and public administration	860	290	575	9,250	3,595	5,660
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	15	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	205	35	170	370	45	320
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	655	250	405	8,865	3,530	5,335
Physical and life sciences and technologies	115	55	65	1,015	520	495
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	50	25	30	385	165	220
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	30	10	10	160	80	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	50	25	30
40. Physical sciences	25	10	10	355	220	130
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	65	30	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	85	50	30	1,980	1,350	635
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	50	30	1,635	1,180	455
25. Library science	0	0	0	120	25	95
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	195	120	75
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,155	1,075	85	6,320	5,745	575
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	255	175	80
14. Engineering	65	55	10	1,595	1,305	290
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	180	160	15	1,165	1,075	90
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	380	355	25	1,360	1,310	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	395	360	30	1,315	1,285	30
48. Precision production	140	135	10	630	600	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	280	195	85	260	155	105
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	50	15	35	205	125	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	230	180	45	55	30	20
Health and related fields	805	185	625	4,845	880	3,965
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	25	25	270	140	130
51. Health professions and related programs	750	155	595	4,505	715	3,790
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	70	20	50
Personal, protective and transportation services	385	210	175	2,505	1,220	1,285
12. Personal and culinary services	265	95	170	1,585	455	1,135
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	10	0
43. Security and protective services	35	35	0	480	365	115
49. Transportation and materials moving	80	75	0	425	395	35
Other	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	12,625	6,315	6,305	84,095	39,265	44,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,420	3,160	3,265	38,840	17,960	20,880
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,205	3,160	3,040	45,255	21,300	23,955
Location of study inside Canada	5,660	2,875	2,780	38,915	18,060	20,855
Same as province or territory of residence	4,555	2,310	2,250	38,380	17,790	20,590
Different than province or territory of residence	1,100	570	535	535	270	260
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	540	280	265	6,335	3,240	3,100
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	100	45	55	240	130	110
Philippines	60	35	20	45	10	35
India	100	50	45	25	10	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	90	55	40	55	45	20
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	110	50	60
France	0	0	0	535	325	210
Other	195	95	100	5,325	2,685	2,645
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	8,395	4,220	4,180	52,870	25,010	27,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,560	1,765	1,795	18,270	8,970	9,295
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,835	2,455	2,385	34,600	16,035	18,570
Location of study inside Canada	4,455	2,270	2,180	29,230	13,345	15,880
Same as province or territory of residence	3,555	1,780	1,770	28,805	13,140	15,660
Different than province or territory of residence	900	490	410	425	205	220
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	385	180	205	5,375	2,690	2,685
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	80	35	50	195	105	85
Philippines	50	35	20	25	10	20
India	75	40	35	20	0	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	20	25	50	35	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	100	40	55
France	0	0	0	420	240	180
Other	135	50	80	4,570	2,260	2,305
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	12,625	6,320	6,305	84,095	39,265	44,835
In the labour force	8,660	4,595	4,065	51,315	25,970	25,345
Employed	7,775	4,075	3,695	47,005	23,700	23,305
Unemployed	890	520	370	4,310	2,270	2,040
Not in the labour force	3,960	1,720	2,240	32,775	13,295	19,485
Participation rate	68.6	72.7	64.5	61.0	66.1	56.5
Employment rate	61.6	64.5	58.6	55.9	60.4	52.0
Unemployment rate	10.3	11.3	9.1	8.4	8.7	8.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	12,620	6,320	6,305	84,095	39,265	44,830
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,530	1,530	1,995	32,480	13,235	19,245
Worked	9,090	4,780	4,305	51,615	26,030	25,585
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,955	2,200	1,755	24,865	13,490	11,380
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,135	2,590	2,550	26,745	12,540	14,200
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.0	41.7	40.3	42.8	43.2	42.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	8,665	4,600	4,065	51,320	25,970	25,345
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	185	70	115	1,930	930	995
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	8,485	4,525	3,955	49,390	25,040	24,350
Employee	7,745	4,040	3,705	44,650	21,830	22,820
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	740	490	250	4,745	3,210	1,535
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	8,665	4,595	4,070	51,320	25,970	25,345
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	70	110	1,925	930	995
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	8,480	4,530	3,955	49,390	25,035	24,355
0 Management occupations	775	455	320	4,350	2,645	1,710
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,030	270	755	9,755	3,235	6,520
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	500	395	100	2,875	2,340	540
3 Health occupations	570	120	455	4,035	810	3,225
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,145	330	820	5,325	1,270	4,055
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	180	80	95	1,150	605	545
6 Sales and service occupations	2,220	940	1,285	12,990	6,535	6,450
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,670	1,585	80	5,890	5,525	365
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	200	180	15	205	205	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	195	180	15	2,815	1,875	940
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	8,665	4,595	4,070	51,315	25,970	25,345
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	70	110	1,925	930	995
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	8,485	4,525	3,955	49,390	25,040	24,350
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	230	195	35	110	75	35
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	60	60	10	45	35	10
22 Utilities	110	75	35	290	165	125
23 Construction	795	715	80	2,390	2,120	275
31-33 Manufacturing	405	345	55	5,610	3,705	1,905
41 Wholesale trade	255	205	50	2,455	1,535	920
44-45 Retail trade	1,250	575	670	6,140	3,135	3,005
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	460	350	110	2,670	2,070	605
51 Information and cultural industries	120	65	50	1,060	615	445
52 Finance and insurance	145	30	120	2,985	1,220	1,770
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	115	60	50	920	560	355
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	455	275	180	2,975	1,645	1,330
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	0	0	60	25	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	330	205	125	3,000	1,770	1,230
61 Educational services	745	210	535	3,120	855	2,265
62 Health care and social assistance	1,090	205	885	7,475	1,455	6,020
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	130	70	60	705	385	315
72 Accommodation and food services	910	410	495	3,105	1,625	1,485
81 Other services (except public administration)	375	205	170	2,145	980	1,160
91 Public administration	500	260	240	2,125	1,070	1,050
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	7,775	4,075	3,700	47,005	23,700	23,305
Worked at home	270	115	155	1,955	1,045	915
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	75	55	20
No fixed workplace address	1,160	895	265	4,210	3,015	1,195
Worked at usual place	6,335	3,060	3,275	40,765	19,590	21,175
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	6,335	3,060	3,275	40,765	19,590	21,175
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,355	2,005	2,350	34,435	15,755	18,675
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,870	970	895	1,985	1,165	820
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	85	70	20	4,240	2,600	1,645
Commute to a different province or territory	25	15	10	105	70	35
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	7,495	3,955	3,540	44,980	22,605	22,370
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,990	3,155	2,835	29,545	16,930	12,615
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	555	285	270	1,490	470	1,015
Public transit	65	40	30	12,125	4,430	7,695
Walked	575	270	310	1,335	510	825
Bicycle	200	125	70	180	145	35
Other method	110	80	25	300	115	190
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	7,495	3,955	3,540	44,980	22,605	22,375
Less than 15 minutes	5,340	2,545	2,795	7,630	3,785	3,845
15 to 29 minutes	1,275	715	560	12,110	6,345	5,770
30 to 44 minutes	175	95	80	10,410	5,720	4,695
45 to 59 minutes	305	255	50	6,615	3,210	3,405
60 minutes and over	395	345	50	8,210	3,550	4,660
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	7,495	3,960	3,540	44,975	22,605	22,375
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	445	320	120	3,605	2,560	1,045
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	935	615	315	9,020	4,860	4,165
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,000	1,160	840	13,520	5,920	7,595
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,110	840	1,265	7,230	3,015	4,220
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	860	340	520	4,180	1,985	2,195
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,140	670	475	7,420	4,265	3,155
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	9,315	4,900	4,415	53,355	26,875	26,480
Single responses	9,305	4,895	4,410	45,440	22,745	22,700
Official languages	9,300	4,895	4,405	45,100	22,605	22,500
English	9,275	4,890	4,385	7,920	4,140	3,780
French	25	10	20	37,180	18,460	18,720
Non-official languages	10	0	10	345	140	205
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	345	140	205
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	30	25	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	30	25	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	30	10	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	0	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	160	65	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	0	15
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	145	65	80
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	80	50	35
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	45	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	95	40	50
Chinese languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	75	35	40
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	15	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	7,915	4,135	3,780
English and French	10	0	0	7,100	3,725	3,375
English and non-official language	10	0	10	25	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	265	120	140
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	525	275	255
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	9,315	4,900	4,415	53,355	26,875	26,480
None	9,100	4,810	4,290	31,125	15,310	15,815
English	10	0	10	14,190	7,420	6,770
French	85	25	60	5,730	3,000	2,725
Non-official language	120	55	60	1,480	760	720
Aboriginal	45	25	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	75	30	40	1,475	765	715
English and French	0	0	0	35	20	15
English and non-official language	10	0	0	610	280	330
French and non-official language	0	0	0	190	85	105
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	15,265	7,690	7,575	100,495	47,570	52,925
Non-movers	12,910	6,510	6,400	91,540	43,300	48,240
Movers	2,350	1,175	1,180	8,955	4,270	4,685
Non-migrants	1,560	745	815	7,080	3,375	3,710
Migrants	795	435	360	1,875	895	980
Internal migrants	775	415	360	1,280	605	675
Intraprovincial migrants	615	330	285	1,155	550	600
Interprovincial migrants	160	80	75	130	55	75
External migrants	20	20	0	590	290	300
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	14,510	7,310	7,200	95,950	45,250	50,700
Non-movers	8,060	4,025	4,035	65,825	31,095	34,730
Movers	6,455	3,290	3,165	30,120	14,155	15,970
Non-migrants	3,625	1,840	1,785	23,080	10,845	12,235
Migrants	2,830	1,450	1,380	7,040	3,305	3,735
Internal migrants	2,600	1,320	1,285	3,275	1,515	1,755
Intraprovincial migrants	1,990	985	1,005	3,090	1,410	1,675
Interprovincial migrants	610	330	280	185	105	85
External migrants	230	135	100	3,765	1,790	1,975

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Terrace [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Honoré-Mercier [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Terrace [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Honoré-Mercier [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Terrace [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Honoré-Mercier [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Terrace [Census agglomeration], British Columbia and Honoré-Mercier [Federal electoral district], Quebec