Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Northwest Territories [Territory]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Canada [Country]			Northwest Territories [Territory]
	Data quality , Canada [Country] Map : Canada [Country] Change geography 1			Data quality : Northwest Territories [Territory] Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580	32,325	16,475	15,855
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585	8,860	4,745	4,115
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770	6,915	3,510	3,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230	16,550	8,215	8,330
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650	3,170	2,475	690
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,549,880	880,365	669,515	1,565	1,090	475
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140	1,600	1,385	220
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890	6,115	2,730	3,380
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	813,335	331,940	481,395	805	325	485
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300	6,470	2,690	3,775
Bachelor's degree	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935	4,485	1,865	2,615
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	462,295	203,725	258,570	320	110	205
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	190,925	102,530	88,395	130	60	70
Master's degree	1,331,045	651,510	679,535	1,440	600	840
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	231,510	144,640	86,870	95	60	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	23,610	11,885	11,725
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685	4,845	2,650	2,195
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565	4,570	2,320	2,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580	14,190	6,915	7,285
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650	2,615	2,040	570
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,145,035	639,785	505,250	1,315	925	395
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	897,390	737,990	159,405	1,300	1,120	180
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920	5,135	2,250	2,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	580,885	240,040	340,850	650	260	385
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155	5,795	2,360	3,435
Bachelor's degree	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925	4,000	1,640	2,360
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	362,455	151,205	211,250	275	95	180
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	153,290	74,440	78,855	115	50	65
Master's degree	1,120,190	527,335	592,850	1,320	535	785
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	175,685	102,415	73,275	80	45	40
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585	32,325	16,470	15,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350	15,775	8,255	7,520
Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,800	1,525	400	1,125
13. Education	1,060,095	251,290	808,805	1,525	405	1,125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	596,230	268,050	328,180	405	220	185
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	99,020	72,865	26,150	95	80	10
50. Visual and performing arts	497,210	195,185	302,025	315	145	170
Humanities	850,840	330,490	520,345	655	260	395
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	98,000	22,100	75,900	105	25	80
23. English language and literature/letters	178,590	52,785	125,810	110	30	80
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	275,525	104,135	171,390	215	80	140
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	4,160	1,640	2,520	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	51,930	30,185	21,750	50	35	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	77,490	46,285	31,200	85	50	40
54. History	111,465	59,965	51,500	80	50	30
55. French language and literature/letters	53,680	13,400	40,290	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445	1,615	590	1,025
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	24,685	5,660	19,025	65	15	60
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	182,275	68,030	114,245	210	70	135
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	324,660	26,065	298,595	305	50	255
22. Legal professions and studies	289,600	102,660	186,945	230	105	115
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35,445	8,150	27,295	25	0	20
42. Psychology	281,470	71,230	210,230	205	30	175
45. Social sciences	623,775	304,660	319,110	585	315	270
Business, management and public administration	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565	3,420	1,005	2,410
30.16 Accounting and computer science	6,190	1,850	4,340	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	237,835	48,815	189,015	420	85	335
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215	2,995	920	2,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	614,280	315,665	298,615	655	325	330
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	249,955	105,560	144,400	305	135	165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125,600	61,685	63,915	160	65	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	28,155	12,625	15,530	10	10	0
40. Physical sciences	179,305	122,815	56,485	160	110	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	31,270	12,980	18,290	25	15	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	651,480	420,370	231,110	400	235	165
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	514,685	356,435	158,250	320	220	100
25. Library science	40,820	6,495	34,320	45	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	86,655	50,930	35,725	35	10	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	9,325	6,510	2,815	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700	3,535	3,165	370
04. Architecture and related services	114,315	72,880	41,435	120	65	55
14. Engineering	752,465	615,880	136,585	455	365	90
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	620,065	551,855	68,205	735	635	100
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	410	85	325	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	702,155	682,710	19,445	975	920	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	731,135	709,430	21,705	1,025	970	60
48. Precision production	406,855	389,850	17,005	215	210	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	339,050	219,040	120,010	625	375	255
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	205,930	127,925	78,005	65	20	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	133,120	91,115	42,005	565	350	210
Health and related fields	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545	2,120	485	1,635
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	164,295	81,260	83,040	210	110	100
51. Health professions and related programs	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670	1,885	365	1,520
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	54,740	30,910	23,830	30	20	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	995,825	507,200	488,630	1,590	1,160	435
12. Personal and culinary services	565,555	151,530	414,025	485	170	310
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	3,505	3,080	420	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	7,900	7,230	670	25	20	0
43. Security and protective services	206,745	150,540	56,205	250	195	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	212,125	194,810	17,315	820	765	60
Other	3,170	885	2,280	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	3,170	890	2,280	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825	23,610	11,885	11,725
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250	9,415	4,975	4,445
Education	727,515	160,315	567,205	1,325	350	975
13. Education	727,515	160,315	567,200	1,325	350	975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	467,905	208,365	259,545	335	180	160
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	74,530	53,995	20,535	80	65	10
50. Visual and performing arts	393,375	154,370	239,005	260	110	145
Humanities	614,815	232,425	382,390	530	205	320
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	76,540	16,200	60,340	80	20	60
23. English language and literature/letters	133,800	38,310	95,485	95	25	65
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	191,005	71,770	119,235	180	55	120
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	3,140	1,250	1,895	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	37,870	21,930	15,940	40	30	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	52,295	31,200	21,090	50	25	30
54. History	82,565	43,475	39,085	75	50	30
55. French language and literature/letters	37,600	8,285	29,315	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,417,625	453,100	964,525	1,405	525	880
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20,300	4,595	15,705	60	10	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	152,080	56,125	95,955	175	70	105
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	259,845	19,160	240,685	260	45	215
22. Legal professions and studies	241,170	76,720	164,445	205	95	105
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	27,310	6,390	20,920	20	0	15
42. Psychology	218,470	51,570	166,900	170	25	150
45. Social sciences	498,450	238,540	259,915	520	280	235
Business, management and public administration	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875	3,045	880	2,170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	4,955	1,480	3,475	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	192,190	36,890	155,305	365	65	295
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095	2,680	810	1,875
Physical and life sciences and technologies	449,870	222,120	227,755	575	285	290
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	195,830	79,945	115,880	265	120	150
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	89,205	42,265	46,945	130	55	80
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	9,280	3,850	5,430	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	132,935	87,025	45,905	150	100	55
41. Science technologies/technicians	22,625	9,035	13,590	20	10	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	567,415	368,840	198,575	375	215	160
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	464,000	321,805	142,190	300	200	100
25. Library science	29,955	4,870	25,080	40	0	45
27. Mathematics and statistics	65,620	36,895	28,725	35	10	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	7,840	5,270	2,575	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820	2,930	2,605	330
04. Architecture and related services	93,135	57,280	35,850	85	35	45
14. Engineering	612,265	490,980	121,285	400	310	90
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	475,045	418,595	56,450	640	550	95
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	350	70	275	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	515,630	499,670	15,960	820	770	45
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	540,800	523,425	17,375	830	790	40
48. Precision production	295,335	281,715	13,620	155	155	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	269,445	167,680	101,770	560	330	230
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	159,975	94,680	65,295	50	15	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	109,470	73,000	36,470	510	315	195
Health and related fields	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145	1,830	420	1,410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	129,560	63,315	66,245	175	90	85
51. Health professions and related programs	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050	1,630	315	1,315
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	43,040	22,185	20,860	25	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	770,950	392,820	378,135	1,285	920	360
12. Personal and culinary services	431,415	114,395	317,025	420	160	255
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	2,725	2,355	375	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	4,425	3,975	445	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	162,995	116,750	46,240	215	160	55
49. Transportation and materials moving	169,400	155,340	14,050	615	575	45
Other	2,590	745	1,845	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	2,585	740	1,845	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585	32,325	16,475	15,855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350	15,775	8,255	7,525
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235	16,555	8,220	8,335
Location of study inside Canada	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890	14,785	7,445	7,345
Same as province or territory of residence	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575	4,155	2,040	2,115
Different than province or territory of residence	1,597,975	795,655	802,315	10,630	5,400	5,225
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345	1,765	775	990
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	349,540	189,995	159,545	310	125	185
Philippines	298,830	109,820	189,020	515	180	340
India	281,415	142,410	138,995	105	70	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	232,035	131,050	100,980	175	95	85
China^{Census data footnote 162}	205,375	94,690	110,685	20	15	10
France	88,860	50,400	38,455	25	20	10
Other	1,253,790	618,135	635,655	610	270	340
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830	23,610	11,885	11,725
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250	9,415	4,970	4,440
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575	14,195	6,910	7,280
Location of study inside Canada	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545	12,650	6,245	6,410
Same as province or territory of residence	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665	3,525	1,680	1,850
Different than province or territory of residence	1,216,425	599,545	616,875	9,125	4,570	4,560
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030	1,540	665	875
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	254,245	131,955	122,290	265	105	160
Philippines	263,095	96,025	167,065	460	155	305
India	239,535	117,445	122,090	100	65	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	133,655	73,575	60,085	120	70	50
China^{Census data footnote 162}	175,825	79,635	96,190	20	15	10
France	72,920	40,610	32,310	15	10	0
Other	993,135	475,145	517,990	555	240	315

Note(s):

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Canada [Country] and Northwest Territories [Territory] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 16, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Northwest Territories [Territory]

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Canada [Country] and Northwest Territories [Territory]