Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula [Economic region], Ontario and Alberta [Province]

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula Ontario [Economic region]			Alberta [Province]
	Data quality , Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula [Economic region], Ontario Map : Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula [Economic region], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Alberta [Province] Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	1,160,790	561,150	599,640	3,206,050	1,602,810	1,603,235
No certificate, diploma or degree	216,850	108,530	108,315	540,665	284,020	256,640
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	341,945	165,610	176,330	895,885	440,665	455,220
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	602,000	287,010	314,990	1,769,500	878,130	891,375
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	85,730	61,340	24,390	309,465	242,160	67,305
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	39,880	24,325	15,555	94,735	56,255	38,480
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	45,855	37,015	8,840	214,730	185,905	28,825
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	271,820	115,385	156,435	615,480	250,590	364,895
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20,805	9,320	11,485	94,620	36,875	57,750
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	223,645	100,960	122,680	749,930	348,510	401,425
Bachelor's degree	152,885	66,235	86,650	530,085	235,610	294,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15,075	6,590	8,485	39,955	18,075	21,880
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,720	3,830	2,885	21,850	11,810	10,045
Master's degree	41,660	19,745	21,910	133,265	67,215	66,055
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	7,310	4,565	2,745	24,770	15,805	8,965
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	737,185	357,760	379,425	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No certificate, diploma or degree	80,630	44,510	36,115	244,755	136,085	108,675
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	201,950	102,155	99,790	569,435	283,290	286,145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	454,610	211,095	243,510	1,443,635	711,655	731,975
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	56,170	40,020	16,145	238,220	189,180	49,035
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	26,340	16,080	10,265	69,415	42,445	26,970
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	29,825	23,945	5,880	168,805	146,740	22,065
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	209,935	89,370	120,565	496,375	203,350	293,020
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	13,930	6,235	7,695	73,315	29,315	44,005
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	174,575	75,470	99,105	635,730	289,810	345,920
Bachelor's degree	118,940	50,150	68,785	448,235	197,045	251,195
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	11,635	4,765	6,865	32,095	14,155	17,940
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,320	2,745	2,575	18,855	9,505	9,350
Master's degree	33,205	14,680	18,520	116,975	57,230	59,740
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	5,480	3,130	2,350	19,570	11,875	7,695
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	1,160,790	561,150	599,640	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	558,795	274,145	284,650	1,436,545	724,680	711,865
Education	38,925	9,705	29,225	121,930	29,000	92,930
13. Education	38,930	9,705	29,220	121,930	29,000	92,930
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	22,465	10,105	12,365	49,660	20,960	28,705
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	4,115	3,015	1,105	9,130	6,305	2,820
50. Visual and performing arts	18,345	7,090	11,260	40,535	14,650	25,885
Humanities	32,510	12,860	19,650	69,305	27,480	41,830
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,895	635	2,255	6,790	1,620	5,170
23. English language and literature/letters	8,325	2,520	5,810	15,110	4,270	10,840
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,965	2,910	5,055	20,660	7,275	13,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	180	55	130	225	105	125
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,190	1,285	905	4,890	2,750	2,140
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,445	2,080	1,365	11,435	6,560	4,865
54. History	5,805	3,110	2,695	8,600	4,560	4,045
55. French language and literature/letters	1,705	265	1,440	1,595	345	1,250
Social and behavioural sciences and law	71,505	22,580	48,925	159,735	51,705	108,030
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	640	120	525	2,345	470	1,875
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	7,140	3,015	4,130	17,180	6,320	10,865
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15,665	1,175	14,490	28,750	2,185	26,570
22. Legal professions and studies	8,970	2,690	6,285	29,000	9,355	19,645
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	1,480	255	1,225	2,190	605	1,580
42. Psychology	10,825	2,670	8,155	27,275	6,765	20,515
45. Social sciences	26,785	12,660	14,125	52,985	26,000	26,985
Business, management and public administration	115,260	44,955	70,300	361,530	133,045	228,485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	235	65	170	670	155	520
44. Public administration and social service professions	11,210	1,830	9,380	21,565	4,015	17,555
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	103,810	43,055	60,755	339,295	128,885	210,410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	21,410	11,155	10,255	72,850	38,330	34,525
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	9,030	3,940	5,090	25,850	10,955	14,895
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,395	2,055	2,335	15,410	7,270	8,145
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	255	75	180	555	170	385
40. Physical sciences	6,435	4,610	1,825	26,130	17,875	8,255
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,290	470	825	4,900	2,055	2,845
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	19,370	11,865	7,500	60,830	37,710	23,120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	14,250	9,510	4,750	48,975	32,855	16,125
25. Library science	1,560	155	1,410	4,295	515	3,780
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,255	1,990	1,265	7,050	4,020	3,035
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	295	215	80	515	330	185
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	126,900	118,025	8,870	463,185	415,665	47,520
04. Architecture and related services	4,395	3,285	1,110	11,325	7,140	4,190
14. Engineering	20,025	16,940	3,085	110,345	89,275	21,070
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	29,690	26,720	2,970	84,800	72,145	12,655
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	10	60	10	50
46. Construction trades	24,525	24,030	500	100,370	96,810	3,560
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	29,155	28,610	550	103,880	100,100	3,785
48. Precision production	19,095	18,445	645	52,400	50,195	2,205
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	11,220	6,995	4,225	44,270	27,245	17,025
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	7,995	5,010	2,985	28,440	17,860	10,580
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,230	1,990	1,240	15,830	9,390	6,445
Health and related fields	100,250	17,975	82,275	270,920	51,220	219,700
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	9,770	4,585	5,185	19,300	9,110	10,195
51. Health professions and related programs	88,380	12,200	76,185	245,265	38,460	206,810
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,095	1,195	900	6,350	3,650	2,695
Personal, protective and transportation services	42,040	20,750	21,290	95,140	45,720	49,415
12. Personal and culinary services	22,915	5,845	17,075	57,285	14,985	42,305
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	160	120	35	250	230	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	160	150	10	740	655	85
43. Security and protective services	12,400	8,685	3,715	16,985	11,590	5,400
49. Transportation and materials moving	6,400	5,945	455	19,880	18,270	1,610
Other	150	35	115	150	60	95
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	145	35	115	145	60	95
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	737,185	357,760	379,425	2,257,820	1,131,025	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	282,580	146,665	135,910	814,190	419,370	394,820
Education	26,645	6,320	20,330	91,020	19,920	71,105
13. Education	26,650	6,315	20,330	91,025	19,920	71,100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	17,270	7,730	9,540	40,255	16,670	23,585
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,030	2,215	815	7,095	4,810	2,285
50. Visual and performing arts	14,240	5,510	8,725	33,155	11,860	21,300
Humanities	23,515	8,925	14,590	55,985	21,840	34,145
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,160	455	1,705	5,690	1,310	4,380
23. English language and literature/letters	6,040	1,745	4,295	12,345	3,425	8,920
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	5,905	2,110	3,795	17,320	6,020	11,300
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	140	35	105	200	95	100
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,500	880	625	3,930	2,205	1,725
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,320	1,360	960	8,500	4,960	3,545
54. History	4,210	2,180	2,025	6,855	3,565	3,285
55. French language and literature/letters	1,240	165	1,080	1,140	245	895
Social and behavioural sciences and law	56,600	16,985	39,615	135,545	42,855	92,685
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	495	100	395	2,025	425	1,600
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	6,030	2,495	3,535	14,880	5,360	9,520
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	12,405	815	11,595	23,730	1,770	21,960
22. Legal professions and studies	7,530	1,955	5,575	25,095	7,395	17,705
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	1,160	180	980	1,790	530	1,255
42. Psychology	8,210	1,920	6,290	22,460	5,290	17,170
45. Social sciences	20,770	9,520	11,245	45,565	22,095	23,465
Business, management and public administration	89,485	34,130	55,355	301,995	110,825	191,170
30.16 Accounting and computer science	185	55	130	560	135	420
44. Public administration and social service professions	9,165	1,420	7,740	18,035	3,130	14,910
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	80,135	32,650	47,480	283,400	107,560	175,840
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15,925	7,790	8,135	58,120	29,655	28,465
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	6,960	2,895	4,060	20,925	8,620	12,310
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	3,240	1,485	1,750	12,175	5,740	6,435
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	225	75	150	460	155	305
40. Physical sciences	4,550	3,025	1,525	20,785	13,645	7,140
41. Science technologies/technicians	950	310	645	3,775	1,500	2,270
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	16,245	10,140	6,110	53,975	33,590	20,385
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	12,550	8,450	4,100	44,735	29,980	14,750
25. Library science	1,065	115	950	3,400	440	2,965
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,395	1,405	990	5,420	2,915	2,500
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	245	170	70	420	255	165
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	91,585	84,225	7,365	376,875	335,210	41,670
04. Architecture and related services	3,480	2,570	920	9,335	5,630	3,710
14. Engineering	14,925	12,240	2,685	95,005	75,840	19,170
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	22,250	19,825	2,430	69,300	58,610	10,690
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	0	0	55	10	50
46. Construction trades	16,830	16,375	455	80,455	77,430	3,020
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	21,035	20,635	400	81,470	78,290	3,180
48. Precision production	13,050	12,580	470	41,255	39,405	1,850
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,805	5,255	3,555	35,820	21,060	14,760
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,220	3,680	2,540	21,990	12,970	9,025
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,580	1,570	1,010	13,825	8,090	5,740
Health and related fields	76,615	13,840	62,775	217,640	42,225	175,410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	7,735	3,575	4,160	15,955	7,530	8,425
51. Health professions and related programs	67,245	9,410	57,835	196,250	31,775	164,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,635	855	785	5,435	2,925	2,505
Personal, protective and transportation services	31,790	15,740	16,055	76,300	37,755	38,540
12. Personal and culinary services	16,840	4,300	12,540	44,755	12,085	32,670
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	110	85	35	190	170	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	75	75	10	460	410	50
43. Security and protective services	9,760	6,650	3,115	14,100	9,595	4,505
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,000	4,635	370	16,795	15,490	1,305
Other	130	25	105	115	55	60
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	130	25	105	110	55	60
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	1,160,790	561,150	599,640	3,206,045	1,602,810	1,603,235
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	558,790	274,145	284,650	1,436,545	724,685	711,865
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	602,000	287,005	314,990	1,769,505	878,130	891,370
Location of study inside Canada	516,720	244,350	272,370	1,424,855	709,950	714,905
Same as province or territory of residence	490,680	231,790	258,890	1,064,560	530,135	534,430
Different than province or territory of residence	26,035	12,560	13,480	360,290	179,815	180,475
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	85,275	42,660	42,620	344,645	168,180	176,465
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	19,575	9,480	10,090	45,690	25,545	20,145
Philippines	5,125	1,755	3,370	68,760	26,480	42,280
India	6,065	3,005	3,055	41,560	21,025	20,535
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	12,665	7,590	5,075	28,630	16,255	12,370
China^{Census data footnote 162}	3,160	1,365	1,790	18,850	8,805	10,050
France	500	270	225	2,150	1,275	875
Other	38,195	19,190	19,010	139,010	68,800	70,210
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	737,185	357,760	379,425	2,257,820	1,131,030	1,126,795
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	282,575	146,665	135,915	814,190	419,375	394,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	454,610	211,095	243,510	1,443,630	711,655	731,980
Location of study inside Canada	395,285	183,495	211,790	1,150,780	572,180	578,595
Same as province or territory of residence	377,115	174,750	202,365	857,370	426,365	431,010
Different than province or territory of residence	18,165	8,740	9,425	293,410	145,820	147,590
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	59,325	27,610	31,720	292,850	139,470	153,380
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	14,590	6,580	8,010	34,655	18,640	16,015
Philippines	4,175	1,385	2,790	64,000	24,435	39,565
India	4,920	2,360	2,560	37,240	18,505	18,740
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	5,035	2,790	2,245	20,065	11,390	8,675
China^{Census data footnote 162}	2,570	1,100	1,470	16,600	7,630	8,965
France	400	210	190	1,870	1,105	765
Other	27,635	13,185	14,455	118,425	57,770	60,655

Note(s):

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula [Economic region], Ontario and Alberta [Province] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 23, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula [Economic region], Ontario and Alberta [Province]

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula [Economic region], Ontario and Alberta [Province]

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hamilton--Niagara Peninsula [Economic region], Ontario and Alberta [Province]