Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador and Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Division No. 8, CDR Newfoundland and Labrador [Census division]			Innisfil, T Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador Map : Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador Change geography 1			Data quality : Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	35,794	...	...	36,566	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	37,121	...	...	32,727^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.6	...	...	11.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	21,913	...	...	14,875	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	15,587	...	...	13,364	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.8	...	...	139.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	9,314.57	...	...	262.71	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	35,795	17,735	18,060	36,565	18,320	18,240
0 to 14 years	4,105	2,125	1,980	6,330	3,260	3,070
0 to 4 years	1,085	570	515	1,995	1,030	965
5 to 9 years	1,490	780	715	2,140	1,110	1,025
10 to 14 years	1,530	775	755	2,195	1,120	1,075
15 to 64 years	22,320	11,025	11,300	24,595	12,380	12,210
15 to 19 years	1,770	895	875	2,270	1,165	1,105
20 to 24 years	1,235	680	555	2,100	1,095	1,005
25 to 29 years	1,130	570	555	1,980	1,010	965
30 to 34 years	1,335	640	690	2,215	1,110	1,105
35 to 39 years	1,665	780	885	2,245	1,085	1,160
40 to 44 years	2,260	1,080	1,175	2,445	1,220	1,225
45 to 49 years	2,815	1,405	1,410	2,645	1,295	1,345
50 to 54 years	3,100	1,560	1,545	3,360	1,665	1,690
55 to 59 years	3,410	1,670	1,740	3,055	1,560	1,490
60 to 64 years	3,605	1,745	1,855	2,275	1,170	1,110
65 years and over	9,370	4,585	4,785	5,645	2,675	2,965
65 to 69 years	3,400	1,670	1,730	1,905	910	995
70 to 74 years	2,525	1,300	1,225	1,490	740	750
75 to 79 years	1,610	795	820	1,010	480	525
80 to 84 years	1,035	505	530	680	300	375
85 years and over	795	310	485	565	245	320
85 to 89 years	560	225	335	395	185	210
90 to 94 years	190	75	120	130	50	85
95 to 99 years	45	15	25	25	10	20
100 years and over	0	0	5	0	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.5	12.0	11.0	17.3	17.8	16.8
15 to 64 years	62.4	62.2	62.6	67.3	67.6	66.9
65 years and over	26.2	25.9	26.5	15.4	14.6	16.3
85 years and over	2.2	1.7	2.7	1.5	1.3	1.8
Average age of the population	48.5	48.0	49.0	40.7	40.2	41.3
Median age of the population	52.6	52.2	53.0	42.4	41.9	43.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	15,585	...	...	13,360	...	...
Single-detached house	14,370	...	...	12,385	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,155	...	...	975	...	...
Semi-detached house	220	...	...	65	...	...
Row house	370	...	...	550	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	245	...	...	210	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	290	...	...	130	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	20	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	60	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	15,590	...	...	13,365	...	...
1 person	3,370	...	...	2,440	...	...
2 persons	7,660	...	...	4,650	...	...
3 persons	2,465	...	...	2,460	...	...
4 persons	1,530	...	...	2,410	...	...
5 or more persons	565	...	...	1,410	...	...
Number of persons in private households	35,195	...	...	36,440	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	31,690	15,605	16,080	30,235	15,065	15,175
Married or living common law	22,240	11,105	11,135	19,050	9,520	9,535
Married	19,380	9,675	9,700	15,395	7,700	7,695
Living common law	2,860	1,425	1,435	3,660	1,820	1,840
Not married and not living common law	9,450	4,505	4,945	11,185	5,545	5,640
Never married	5,345	3,135	2,215	7,155	4,010	3,140
Separated	450	240	205	925	410	515
Divorced	1,120	610	510	1,650	765	885
Widowed	2,535	525	2,010	1,460	355	1,105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	12,160	...	...	10,995	...	...
2 persons	7,925	...	...	5,195	...	...
3 persons	2,385	...	...	2,575	...	...
4 persons	1,430	...	...	2,310	...	...
5 or more persons	415	...	...	915	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	12,165	...	...	10,990	...	...
Total couple families	10,995	...	...	9,435	...	...
Married couples	9,565	...	...	7,610	...	...
Common-law couples	1,430	...	...	1,830	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,170	...	...	1,555	...	...
Female parent	925	...	...	1,150	...	...
Male parent	245	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	10,990	...	...	9,435	...	...
Couples without children	7,100	...	...	4,320	...	...
Couples with children	3,890	...	...	5,120	...	...
1 child	2,110	...	...	2,065	...	...
2 children	1,370	...	...	2,180	...	...
3 or more children	405	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,170	...	...	1,555	...	...
1 child	825	...	...	875	...	...
2 children	270	...	...	515	...	...
3 or more children	75	...	...	160	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	4,270	1,935	2,340	4,295	2,170	2,120
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	15,585	...	...	13,360	...	...
One-census-family households	11,830	...	...	10,140	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	6,950	...	...	3,970	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	4,875	...	...	6,165	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	170	...	...	425	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,590	...	...	2,805	...	...
One-person households	3,365	...	...	2,440	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	225	...	...	365	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	35,565	17,660	17,910	36,555	18,315	18,240
English only	35,185	17,520	17,660	34,555	17,470	17,085
French only	5	0	0	5	0	0
English and French	370	130	240	1,765	740	1,030
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	230	100	125
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	35,570	17,660	17,905	36,555	18,315	18,240
English	35,515	17,630	17,880	35,820	17,970	17,845
French	40	25	15	445	210	235
English and French	0	0	5	65	30	35
Neither English nor French	10	5	5	220	100	125
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	45	25	20	480	225	255
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.1	0.1	0.1	1.3	1.2	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	35,570	17,660	17,910	36,555	18,310	18,240
Single responses	35,545	17,650	17,895	36,020	18,055	17,970
Official languages	35,450	17,605	17,845	31,510	15,815	15,695
English	35,405	17,585	17,815	31,025	15,585	15,440
French	45	20	25	480	230	250
Non-official languages	90	40	50	4,515	2,235	2,275
Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	0	5	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	40	50	4,515	2,235	2,275
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	170	90	75
Berber languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	5	0	160	90	70
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	50	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	75	35	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	5
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	90	35	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	40	20	25
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	20	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	10	80	20	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	5	60	15	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	90	45	50
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	90	45	45
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	15	20	3,585	1,830	1,750
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Armenian	5	0	0	10	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	5	915	440	470
Baltic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Slavic languages	0	0	5	880	425	455
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Croatian	0	0	0	45	15	30
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Polish	0	0	0	270	130	140
Russian	0	0	0	325	160	165
Serbian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Ukrainian	5	0	5	95	45	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	5	15	510	255	245
Afrikaans	5	0	0	20	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	20	5	15
Dutch	0	0	0	155	90	65
Frisian	0	0	0	0	5	0
German	15	5	15	300	150	155
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	110	45	60
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	0	220	115	105
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	5	145	70	70
Bengali	5	0	0	15	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hindi	0	5	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	65	35	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	45	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	80	45	35
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	1,815	960	860
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	5	0	750	425	320
Portuguese	5	0	0	540	290	250
Romanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Spanish	5	5	0	485	225	265
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	55	25	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	25	10	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	5	15	5	10
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	155	65	90
Chinese languages	15	5	10	150	65	85
Cantonese	5	0	5	70	30	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	25	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	5	190	80	110
Estonian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	55	20	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	125	50	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Multiple responses	25	10	10	535	255	275
English and French	10	5	5	80	35	45
English and non-official language	15	10	10	425	215	210
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	35,570	17,660	17,905	36,555	18,315	18,240
Single responses	35,535	17,645	17,890	35,680	17,890	17,790
Official languages	35,510	17,630	17,875	34,085	17,090	16,995
English	35,500	17,625	17,875	33,970	17,050	16,920
French	5	0	5	120	40	75
Non-official languages	30	15	15	1,590	800	795
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	30	15	10	1,590	795	795
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	75	40	35
Berber languages	0	0	5	5	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	0	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	5	75	40	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	10	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	25	20
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	70	40	35
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	1,165	595	570
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	400	205	195
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	390	200	190
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	105	55	50
Russian	0	0	0	240	125	120
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	35	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	135	65	65
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	40	15	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	560	290	280
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	145	85	65
Portuguese	0	0	0	160	85	75
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	0	0	0	240	110	130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	25	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	90	45	45
Chinese languages	10	5	5	95	45	45
Cantonese	5	5	0	50	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	20	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	5	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	35	15	15	875	425	455
English and French	10	5	5	50	25	25
English and non-official language	20	10	10	810	385	420
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	35,570	17,660	17,905	36,555	18,310	18,240
None	35,460	17,615	17,850	33,830	17,025	16,805
English	15	10	5	760	385	380
French	35	15	20	325	130	195
Non-official language	55	20	35	1,610	765	845
Aboriginal	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	55	25	30	1,610	760	845
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	31,085	15,375	15,710	30,110	15,010	15,100
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	29,795	14,905	14,890	28,890	14,430	14,460
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,825	33,676	19,183	35,060	45,064	28,027
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	29,810	14,905	14,900	28,895	14,430	14,465
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,543	30,551	18,790	31,719	39,680	25,889
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,090	11,825	10,265	26,125	13,375	12,745
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	20,180	29,373	14,144	33,671	44,489	25,091
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,470	12,350	13,120	20,025	8,950	11,075
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	12,061	14,166	10,384	5,225	3,298	6,036
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	18,460	10,040	8,420	22,255	11,710	10,540
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,046	30,995	14,538	36,298	46,387	28,190
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	31,090	15,355	15,730	30,110	15,010	15,105
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,745	14,855	14,890	28,770	14,405	14,365
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,403	46,814	24,017	46,966	57,116	36,786
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	29,755	14,860	14,900	28,775	14,405	14,370
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,251	38,838	21,689	38,976	46,143	31,791
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	22,055	11,810	10,240	26,045	13,345	12,705
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,118	45,075	21,479	45,927	56,717	34,594
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,565	12,415	13,155	19,905	8,950	10,950
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,759	13,132	10,464	7,787	7,382	8,119
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	18,460	10,105	8,350	22,255	11,735	10,520
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,724	46,747	22,386	46,550	56,670	35,264
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	31,085	15,355	15,730	30,110	15,010	15,100
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	4,530	2,245	2,290	11,425	6,680	4,745
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,642	55,514	33,535	54,384	61,596	46,939
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,898	70,452	43,599	65,369	74,619	52,348
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	71.2	76.1	62.1	88.3	91.8	83.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.9	67.0	52.2	76.5	80.4	70.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	28.8	23.9	37.9	11.7	8.2	16.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	31,085	15,375	15,710	30,110	15,010	15,105
Without total income	1,290	475	820	1,225	580	645
With total income	29,800	14,905	14,890	28,890	14,430	14,460
Percentage with total income	95.9	96.9	94.8	95.9	96.1	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,225	1,295	2,930	4,055	1,690	2,365
$10,000 to $19,999	8,060	3,060	5,000	4,635	1,755	2,880
$20,000 to $29,999	5,520	2,305	3,215	4,025	1,650	2,370
$30,000 to $39,999	3,605	2,000	1,605	3,295	1,430	1,860
$40,000 to $49,999	2,375	1,545	825	2,900	1,415	1,485
$50,000 to $59,999	1,430	1,025	405	2,475	1,350	1,130
$60,000 to $69,999	1,140	860	275	1,850	1,195	655
$70,000 to $79,999	785	605	180	1,530	1,020	510
$80,000 to $89,999	620	440	180	1,160	780	385
$90,000 to $99,999	530	390	140	890	600	295
$100,000 and over	1,500	1,370	135	2,070	1,550	520
$100,000 to $149,999	1,105	1,005	105	1,540	1,140	395
$150,000 and over	395	365	25	535	405	125
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	31,085	15,375	15,710	30,115	15,010	15,105
Without after-tax income	1,280	470	810	1,220	580	635
With after-tax income	29,805	14,905	14,900	28,890	14,430	14,460
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	96.9	94.8	95.9	96.1	95.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,330	1,310	3,020	4,165	1,715	2,450
$10,000 to $19,999	8,465	3,190	5,270	4,890	1,870	3,025
$20,000 to $29,999	6,280	2,805	3,470	4,690	1,960	2,740
$30,000 to $39,999	3,880	2,325	1,555	3,850	1,730	2,120
$40,000 to $49,999	2,245	1,590	650	3,550	1,915	1,640
$50,000 to $59,999	1,515	1,150	365	2,505	1,585	915
$60,000 to $69,999	970	730	245	1,960	1,305	655
$70,000 to $79,999	735	540	195	1,260	860	400
$80,000 and over	1,390	1,260	130	2,020	1,490	530
$80,000 to $89,999	455	395	55	800	570	230
$90,000 to $99,999	325	300	30	410	305	110
$100,000 and over	610	565	45	815	620	195
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	31,090	15,375	15,710	30,115	15,010	15,100
Without employment income	12,625	5,340	7,290	7,860	3,300	4,560
With employment income	18,460	10,035	8,420	22,250	11,710	10,545
Percentage with employment income	59.4	65.3	53.6	73.9	78.0	69.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,975	1,320	1,650	2,845	1,350	1,490
$5,000 to $9,999	2,025	735	1,295	1,785	745	1,040
$10,000 to $19,999	3,955	1,670	2,285	2,810	1,170	1,640
$20,000 to $29,999	2,455	1,180	1,275	2,270	980	1,290
$30,000 to $39,999	1,480	900	575	2,245	960	1,285
$40,000 to $49,999	1,220	795	420	2,135	1,050	1,085
$50,000 to $59,999	825	610	210	1,890	1,040	850
$60,000 to $69,999	770	555	210	1,485	985	500
$70,000 to $79,999	545	430	115	1,250	845	405
$80,000 and over	2,220	1,840	380	3,545	2,595	950
$80,000 to $89,999	505	340	165	1,005	685	320
$90,000 to $99,999	450	330	120	810	545	260
$100,000 and over	1,265	1,170	95	1,730	1,360	370
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	15,590	...	...	13,365	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,687	...	...	83,516	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,341	...	...	72,579	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,365	...	...	2,440	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	20,944	...	...	39,829	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	20,779	...	...	35,694	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	12,220	...	...	10,930	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,203	...	...	94,799	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	55,978	...	...	81,984	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	15,585	...	...	13,365	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,558	...	...	101,116	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,748	...	...	83,932	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,370	...	...	2,445	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,102	...	...	50,020	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,059	...	...	42,290	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	12,220	...	...	10,915	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,151	...	...	112,567	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,477	...	...	93,265	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	15,585	...	...	13,365	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	125	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	215	...	...	85	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	505	...	...	160	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,065	...	...	250	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	905	...	...	415	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,160	...	...	380	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,380	...	...	470	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	810	...	...	490	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	745	...	...	505	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	685	...	...	525	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,305	...	...	1,020	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,170	...	...	925	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	960	...	...	990	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	800	...	...	930	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	725	...	...	845	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,055	...	...	5,245	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,175	...	...	1,855	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	765	...	...	1,285	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	735	...	...	1,305	...	...
$200,000 and over	380	...	...	805	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	15,585	...	...	13,365	...	...
Under $5,000	95	...	...	135	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	220	...	...	85	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	510	...	...	160	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,090	...	...	270	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	975	...	...	470	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,215	...	...	425	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,470	...	...	515	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	935	...	...	585	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	905	...	...	650	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	830	...	...	670	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,595	...	...	1,190	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,270	...	...	1,210	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,055	...	...	1,180	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	865	...	...	1,095	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	585	...	...	935	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,985	...	...	3,785	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,055	...	...	1,750	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	490	...	...	975	...	...
$150,000 and over	435	...	...	1,065	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	12,085	...	...	10,670	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,006	...	...	93,817	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	55,853	...	...	81,382	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	6,810	...	...	3,835	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	51,567	...	...	78,195	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	47,432	...	...	68,303	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,950	...	...	5,165	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,691	...	...	115,429	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,057	...	...	98,335	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.7	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,075	...	...	1,375	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	36,279	...	...	59,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	35,470	...	...	54,400	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,090	...	...	10,670	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,161	...	...	111,693	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,435	...	...	92,426	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	6,825	...	...	3,815	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,328	...	...	108,219	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,312	...	...	87,883	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,955	...	...	5,140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,362	...	...	126,823	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,633	...	...	105,190	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,080	...	...	1,405	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,818	...	...	62,015	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,978	...	...	54,861	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,800	1,725	2,075	3,410	1,815	1,595
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	20,939	24,704	20,051	37,129	44,480	30,784
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	20,722	23,662	19,972	33,132	38,642	28,448
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,775	1,720	2,055	3,475	1,845	1,630
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,560	34,053	23,962	45,899	48,429	43,042
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	25,615	29,341	22,497	38,976	40,526	37,226
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	35,190	17,500	17,690	36,440	18,270	18,170
In the bottom half of the distribution	22,755	11,020	11,740	16,255	7,895	8,360
In the bottom decile	3,270	1,525	1,745	2,220	1,110	1,110
In the second decile	7,110	3,245	3,865	2,860	1,290	1,565
In the third decile	4,590	2,255	2,335	3,245	1,555	1,690
In the fourth decile	4,125	2,100	2,025	3,835	1,890	1,945
In the fifth decile	3,655	1,885	1,770	4,100	2,045	2,050
In the top half of the distribution	12,435	6,485	5,945	20,185	10,375	9,805
In the sixth decile	3,405	1,750	1,660	4,205	2,140	2,060
In the seventh decile	2,855	1,495	1,360	4,430	2,250	2,180
In the eighth decile	2,470	1,285	1,185	4,350	2,260	2,095
In the ninth decile	2,255	1,175	1,075	4,280	2,205	2,080
In the top decile	1,445	780	660	2,920	1,525	1,400
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	35,190	17,505	17,685	36,440	18,270	18,170
0 to 17 years	5,235	2,715	2,520	7,690	3,945	3,745
0 to 5 years	1,355	720	630	2,410	1,240	1,170
18 to 64 years	21,120	10,390	10,725	23,205	11,680	11,525
65 years and over	8,835	4,395	4,440	5,545	2,645	2,900
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,760	3,530	4,230	3,445	1,650	1,795
0 to 17 years	1,135	595	540	975	495	480
0 to 5 years	335	180	155	300	155	145
18 to 64 years	3,300	1,450	1,850	1,965	955	1,010
65 years and over	3,320	1,485	1,840	505	195	305
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	22.1	20.2	23.9	9.5	9.0	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	21.7	21.9	21.4	12.7	12.5	12.8
0 to 5 years (%)	24.7	25.0	24.6	12.4	12.5	12.4
18 to 64 years (%)	15.6	14.0	17.2	8.5	8.2	8.8
65 years and over (%)	37.6	33.8	41.4	9.1	7.4	10.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,495	730	760	1,285	655	625
0 to 17 years	255	135	125	325	165	160
0 to 5 years	80	45	35	65	35	25
18 to 64 years	1,135	560	575	880	460	425
65 years and over	105	40	65	80	30	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.2	4.2	4.3	3.5	3.6	3.4
0 to 17 years (%)	4.9	5.0	5.0	4.2	4.2	4.3
0 to 5 years (%)	5.9	6.3	5.6	2.7	2.8	2.1
18 to 64 years (%)	5.4	5.4	5.4	3.8	3.9	3.7
65 years and over (%)	1.2	0.9	1.5	1.4	1.1	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	35,190	17,505	17,685	36,440	18,270	18,175
Official languages	35,175	17,495	17,685	36,195	18,150	18,045
English	35,170	17,490	17,685	36,190	18,145	18,040
French	365	125	240	1,765	720	1,040
Non-official languages	170	90	85	5,795	2,865	2,935
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	175	90	85	5,790	2,855	2,925
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	10	300	150	150
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	10	300	150	150
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	25	10	125	60	60
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	80	40	40
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	80	40	35
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	105	45	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	65	20	45
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	15	145	50	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	130	45	90
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	40	20	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	65	25	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	65	20	35
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	20	25	4,470	2,270	2,200
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Armenian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,195	570	625
Baltic languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Latvian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,150	555	595
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Czech	0	0	0	15	0	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Polish	0	0	0	390	165	225
Russian	0	0	0	465	230	235
Serbian	0	0	0	65	50	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	135	70	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	625	295	325
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	0	25
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Dutch	0	0	0	155	90	65
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	20	10	10	420	205	220
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	20	0	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	110	40	65
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	180	90	85
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	110	50	60
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	20	10	15
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Urdu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	35	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	60	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	15	15	2,410	1,305	1,105
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,060	590	465
Portuguese	10	0	0	725	385	345
Romanian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Spanish	25	10	15	680	340	335
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	90	45	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	20	75	35	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	35	15	20	30	15	20
Swahili	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	35	15	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	15	10	25	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	10	10	290	130	160
Chinese languages	25	10	10	285	130	160
Cantonese	0	10	0	220	110	110
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	70	40	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	15	35	10	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Lao	0	0	0	25	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	55	15	40
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	15	35
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	250	135	110
Estonian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Finnish	0	0	0	55	35	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	170	100	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	35,190	17,500	17,685	36,440	18,270	18,175
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	35,075	17,455	17,620	35,325	17,685	17,640
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,240	2,720	2,515	7,680	3,885	3,795
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	29,830	14,730	15,105	27,645	13,805	13,840
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	120	50	65	1,115	580	530
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	35,190	17,500	17,690	36,440	18,270	18,170
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	34,975	17,400	17,580	30,665	15,485	15,180
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	180	90	90	5,745	2,765	2,985
Before 1981	80	35	45	2,820	1,370	1,450
1981 to 1990	20	10	15	800	390	410
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	930	445	485
2001 to 2010	20	15	10	900	420	480
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	450	225	230
2006 to 2010	15	15	0	445	200	245
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	45	20	25	295	135	155
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	40	15	20	30	20	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	180	85	85	5,745	2,765	2,985
Under 5 years	30	15	20	840	410	430
5 to 14 years	20	15	0	1,365	690	680
15 to 24 years	40	15	20	1,440	670	765
25 to 44 years	75	40	40	1,835	885	950
45 years and over	10	10	0	260	100	155
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	180	85	90	5,745	2,760	2,980
Americas	30	15	15	1,070	500	570
Brazil	10	10	0	65	30	35
Colombia	0	0	0	60	30	35
El Salvador	0	0	0	45	15	30
Guyana	0	0	0	95	35	65
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	140	65	75
Mexico	0	0	10	10	0	10
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	85	45	35
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	15	280	125	160
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	265	145	125
Europe	70	30	40	3,620	1,775	1,835
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	35	20	20
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	10	0	230	120	115
Greece	0	0	0	40	25	10
Hungary	0	0	0	85	45	40
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Italy	0	10	0	460	275	190
Netherlands	0	0	0	165	105	60
Poland	0	0	0	255	125	130
Portugal	0	0	0	365	205	165
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	150	75	80
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	55	40	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	170	85	80
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	50	20	30	1,250	500	750
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	295	135	160
Africa	25	20	10	135	75	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	25	0	15
Other places of birth in Africa	25	20	10	95	55	40
Asia	55	25	25	900	395	505
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	25	10	15	100	25	75
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	50	35	15
India	0	0	0	25	10	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iraq	15	10	0	105	60	50
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	80	30	50
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	15	15
Philippines	10	0	10	110	25	85
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	85	40	45
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	55	35	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	10	0	170	75	95
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	45	20	25	295	135	160
Americas	0	0	0	115	50	65
Brazil	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	30	15	15
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	25	15	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	10	20
Europe	0	0	0	100	55	50
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	55	35	15
Africa	25	15	10	15	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	10	15	15	10
Asia	15	0	15	55	20	35
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	25	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	10	0	10	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	35,190	17,500	17,685	36,440	18,270	18,170
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	225	110	115	5,855	2,820	3,040
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	380	165	210	8,535	4,345	4,185
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	34,585	17,225	17,360	22,050	11,100	10,945
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	95	55	40	3,020	1,445	1,570
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	70	40	30	1,245	630	620
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	35	25	10	465	340	125
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	40	20	20	780	290	490
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	15	0	15	1,265	535	730
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	10	10	0	445	250	195
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	60	35	30
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	35,195	17,500	17,690	36,440	18,270	18,170
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,355	655	700	910	425	485
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,270	610	655	870	400	475
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	770	380	390	490	225	265
Métis	395	180	220	370	175	195
Inuk (Inuit)	95	50	40	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	75	35	40	35	20	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	33,835	16,845	16,990	35,535	17,845	17,685
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	35,190	17,505	17,690	36,440	18,270	18,175
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	545	275	275	235	130	110
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	34,645	17,230	17,415	36,205	18,140	18,065
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	35,190	17,505	17,685	36,440	18,270	18,170
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	740	420	315	170	115	60
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	725	410	315	170	110	55
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	470	270	205	95	60	35
Métis single ancestry	205	110	90	65	40	25
Inuit single ancestry	50	30	20	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,600	760	840	1,270	565	715
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,525	720	805	1,245	545	700
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,145	555	590	880	405	480
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	230	90	145	350	135	210
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	75	70	15	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	70	35	30	25	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	15	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	20	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	32,860	16,325	16,535	34,995	17,590	17,400
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	35,190	17,505	17,690	36,440	18,270	18,175
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	175	75	100	2,830	1,365	1,465
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	10	0	345	170	175
Chinese	50	20	30	315	130	185
Black	70	25	45	640	325	315
Filipino	25	10	15	160	40	120
Latin American	0	0	10	560	295	265
Arab	10	10	0	105	60	40
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	10	10	0	185	75	105
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	105	60	50
Korean	0	0	0	100	50	60
Japanese	0	0	0	35	25	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	0	105	55	50
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	185	90	95
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	35,015	17,430	17,585	33,610	16,905	16,705
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	35,190	17,500	17,690	36,440	18,270	18,170
North American Aboriginal origins	2,330	1,180	1,155	1,445	675	765
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,690	860	830	1,005	485	520
Inuit	240	130	110	25	10	15
Métis	490	235	250	450	205	245
Other North American origins	22,920	11,395	11,525	12,060	6,030	6,025
Acadian	0	0	0	25	15	10
American	55	25	30	440	225	215
Canadian	22,765	11,310	11,455	11,755	5,895	5,855
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	10	0
Newfoundlander	165	85	80	100	35	65
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	15,740	7,745	7,990	28,820	14,380	14,440
British Isles origins	15,260	7,520	7,740	19,300	9,530	9,770
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	13,195	6,505	6,690	11,735	5,830	5,910
Irish	2,970	1,440	1,525	7,680	3,700	3,980
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	1,205	600	605	7,950	3,825	4,130
Welsh	160	70	85	740	320	415
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	330	155	175	1,240	640	595
French origins	785	350	430	3,410	1,595	1,815
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	785	355	430	3,405	1,595	1,810
Western European origins (except French origins)	375	180	195	5,795	2,870	2,925
Austrian	0	0	0	285	150	135
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Dutch	90	30	55	2,000	1,060	940
Flemish	10	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	275	145	130	3,665	1,790	1,870
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0	190	85	105
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	165	75	95	890	510	380
Danish	35	10	25	245	140	100
Finnish	15	0	10	275	170	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	15	0
Norwegian	50	10	35	200	115	90
Swedish	80	50	30	150	80	65
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	65	35	20
Eastern European origins	140	60	80	4,085	2,015	2,070
Bulgarian	0	0	0	55	25	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Czech	10	10	0	105	50	55
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	65	25	40
Hungarian	45	20	30	495	265	235
Latvian	0	0	0	90	30	60
Lithuanian	0	0	0	90	40	50
Moldovan	0	0	0	55	25	30
Polish	40	10	30	1,495	725	770
Romanian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Russian	35	20	10	630	305	325
Slovak	0	0	0	85	45	40
Ukrainian	20	10	20	1,400	660	735
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	60	30	25	6,195	3,220	2,980
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	10	240	85	155
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	335	145	190
Italian	15	15	0	3,720	2,005	1,710
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	130	65	65
Maltese	0	0	0	190	90	100
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	25	10	1,340	705	640
Serbian	0	0	0	100	55	50
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Spanish	10	0	10	495	255	240
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	70	15	50
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	30	15	15	195	115	75
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	135	85	50
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	30	15	15	50	30	25
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	630	325	305
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	40	20	25
Dominican	0	0	0	15	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	350	180	170
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	30	10	20
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	10	90	60	35
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	0	770	410	365
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	40	10	25
Arawak	0	0	0	20	15	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chilean	0	0	0	20	10	10
Colombian	0	0	0	120	65	50
Costa Rican	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	110	75	40
Guatemalan	0	0	0	45	20	25
Guyanese	0	0	0	155	75	80
Hispanic	0	0	0	20	15	10
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mexican	0	0	0	30	20	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	35	30	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	45	10	30
Uruguayan	0	0	0	45	20	25
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	15	0	10
African origins	60	25	35	330	180	150
Central and West African origins	10	0	10	45	15	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	10	0	0	15	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	10	0	10	45	25	15
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	10	0	10	25	15	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	40	15	20	95	45	45
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	35	15	20	40	15	20
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Other African origins	20	10	10	150	85	60
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	0	10	150	85	65
Asian origins	140	70	70	1,900	855	1,050
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	55	30	25	515	260	260
Afghan	0	0	0	25	0	15
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	25	15	10	25	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	75	35	40
Iraqi	20	10	0	95	50	50
Israeli	0	0	0	35	10	25
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	65	30	30
Palestinian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	10	0
Turk	10	0	0	50	15	35
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	65	40	30
South Asian origins	0	0	0	420	200	225
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	275	125	150
Goan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	40	20	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	75	40	35
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins	80	30	45	1,005	415	590
Burmese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	75	25	50
Chinese	50	20	30	485	200	285
Filipino	20	10	15	180	60	125
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Japanese	0	0	0	75	35	40
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	105	50	60
Laotian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	10	0	15	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	90	45	40
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	10	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	10	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	10	0	10	20	15	0
Australian	10	0	10	20	15	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	15,585	...	...	13,365	...	...
Owner	13,615	...	...	11,815	...	...
Renter	1,970	...	...	1,550	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	15,585	...	...	13,365	...	...
Condominium	95	...	...	165	...	...
Not condominium	15,490	...	...	13,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	15,590	...	...	13,365	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	400	...	...	380	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,070	...	...	2,715	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,630	...	...	5,805	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	3,465	...	...	4,460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	15,585	...	...	13,365	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,860	...	...	1,215	...	...
5 rooms	2,540	...	...	2,295	...	...
6 rooms	2,870	...	...	2,620	...	...
7 rooms	2,710	...	...	2,280	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,610	...	...	4,955	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	15,585	...	...	13,365	...	...
One person or fewer per room	15,565	...	...	13,310	...	...
More than 1 person per room	25	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	15,585	...	...	13,360	...	...
Suitable	15,390	...	...	12,975	...	...
Not suitable	195	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	15,585	...	...	13,365	...	...
1960 or before	3,260	...	...	1,990	...	...
1961 to 1980	5,780	...	...	3,345	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,880	...	...	2,225	...	...
1991 to 2000	1,870	...	...	2,170	...	...
2001 to 2005	495	...	...	1,075	...	...
2006 to 2010	640	...	...	1,220	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	655	...	...	1,335	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	15,585	...	...	13,360	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	14,255	...	...	12,675	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,330	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	15,590	...	...	13,365	...	...
1 household maintainer	9,925	...	...	6,860	...	...
2 household maintainers	5,570	...	...	6,150	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	90	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	15,585	...	...	13,360	...	...
15 to 24 years	180	...	...	130	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,040	...	...	1,455	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,935	...	...	2,370	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,960	...	...	3,185	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,815	...	...	2,985	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,445	...	...	1,945	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,760	...	...	995	...	...
85 years and over	450	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	15,575	...	...	13,310	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	13,715	...	...	10,075	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,860	...	...	3,235	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,750	...	...	2,860	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,610	...	...	11,775	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	28.7	...	...	70.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	7.9	...	...	21.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	424	...	...	1,480	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	571	...	...	1,474	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	100,157	...	...	399,955	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	137,226	...	...	440,524	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,970	...	...	1,545	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	21.3	...	...	3.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.9	...	...	48.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	674	...	...	1,349	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	673	...	...	1,342	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	31,090	15,355	15,735	30,110	15,010	15,100
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,970	5,990	5,980	6,245	3,280	2,960
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	7,980	3,330	4,650	9,660	4,765	4,890
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,135	6,035	5,095	14,210	6,960	7,255
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,860	2,820	1,045	2,910	2,285	625
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,150	1,430	725	1,285	880	410
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,705	1,390	315	1,625	1,410	220
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,085	2,260	2,825	7,340	3,140	4,200
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	510	205	310	470	220	250
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,685	755	925	3,485	1,310	2,175
Bachelor's degree	1,175	525	650	2,625	920	1,705
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	25	60	280	125	155
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	20	10	65	40	25
Master's degree	390	190	195	480	195	285
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	35	30	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	19,220	9,420	9,800	20,150	10,055	10,095
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,645	2,990	2,655	2,680	1,540	1,135
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,200	2,130	3,075	6,420	3,265	3,160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,370	4,300	4,070	11,055	5,255	5,800
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,805	2,050	755	2,100	1,650	445
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,635	1,115	525	915	615	300
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,165	930	235	1,180	1,035	150
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,045	1,705	2,350	5,860	2,480	3,385
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	285	115	160	335	150	190
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,240	435	805	2,760	985	1,780
Bachelor's degree	855	290	565	2,070	705	1,370
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	60	25	40	230	90	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	15	0	60	35	20
Master's degree	295	110	185	380	135	250
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	10	25	20	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	31,085	15,355	15,735	30,110	15,010	15,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,950	9,320	10,630	15,900	8,050	7,850
Education	1,105	380	725	690	215	475
13. Education	1,105	380	720	690	210	475
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	95	55	35	555	220	340
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	25	10	95	80	15
50. Visual and performing arts	60	30	30	465	140	325
Humanities	295	170	130	530	180	350
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	10	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	20	15	10	125	35	90
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	20	150	50	100
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	15	15	55	40	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	200	120	75	65	30	35
54. History	15	10	10	75	25	55
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	40	0	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	310	65	250	1,620	305	1,315
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10	120	30	90
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	125	10	120	395	25	365
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	25	335	25	310
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	45	0	45
42. Psychology	50	10	40	280	50	230
45. Social sciences	80	35	50	415	170	245
Business, management and public administration	1,790	220	1,570	2,860	920	1,935
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	85	20	60	240	35	205
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,710	205	1,505	2,610	885	1,725
Physical and life sciences and technologies	120	70	45	305	145	160
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	20	15	90	35	50
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	10	10	85	55	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	45	35	10	90	45	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	10	35	15	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	190	70	130	325	245	85
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	170	60	110	265	210	55
25. Library science	15	0	10	30	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	30	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,410	3,230	180	3,805	3,620	185
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	100	80	20
14. Engineering	105	105	0	260	225	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	540	450	95	705	635	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,155	1,140	15	1,040	1,020	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,030	995	30	1,085	1,070	15
48. Precision production	575	535	40	615	590	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	200	145	55	270	155	110
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	80	35	50	160	80	80
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	110	10	110	80	35
Health and related fields	1,600	215	1,385	2,060	315	1,745
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	65	45	15	175	55	120
51. Health professions and related programs	1,530	155	1,370	1,880	260	1,615
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	10	0	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,015	1,420	595	1,180	645	535
12. Personal and culinary services	645	100	550	495	115	380
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	60	50	10	440	305	140
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,305	1,265	40	240	230	20
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	19,220	9,420	9,800	20,155	10,060	10,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	10,845	5,115	5,730	9,100	4,800	4,295
Education	665	180	490	500	130	375
13. Education	670	180	490	500	125	370
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	70	40	30	385	135	245
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	15	10	60	45	10
50. Visual and performing arts	50	25	25	320	95	230
Humanities	175	70	100	365	120	245
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	20	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	10	95	20	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	15	110	40	65
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	20	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	65	60	35	15	15
54. History	10	0	0	65	15	45
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	30	0	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	255	40	215	1,325	225	1,100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	90	20	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	105	0	100	315	10	300
22. Legal professions and studies	35	10	30	310	15	295
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	30	0	30
42. Psychology	40	10	30	225	45	175
45. Social sciences	65	25	40	345	130	215
Business, management and public administration	1,525	160	1,365	2,250	740	1,510
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	75	15	65	195	35	165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,450	145	1,305	2,050	705	1,350
Physical and life sciences and technologies	80	40	40	235	105	130
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	25	15	15	60	15	40
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	15	10	10	60	40	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	25	20	10	70	30	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	15	35	10	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	160	65	100	290	210	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	150	55	100	235	185	50
25. Library science	10	0	10	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	20	20	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,370	2,235	130	2,915	2,755	155
04. Architecture and related services	0	10	0	80	65	20
14. Engineering	70	70	0	200	165	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	410	330	85	535	475	55
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	795	795	10	765	760	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	710	675	30	860	840	20
48. Precision production	385	365	20	465	445	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	160	115	40	200	110	95
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	70	30	30	120	55	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	90	85	10	80	55	25
Health and related fields	1,245	170	1,080	1,650	240	1,410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	50	35	10	140	40	100
51. Health professions and related programs	1,190	120	1,065	1,505	195	1,310
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,670	1,190	475	945	495	455
12. Personal and culinary services	525	80	440	400	85	320
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	25	10	360	240	125
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,105	1,075	30	185	170	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	31,085	15,355	15,735	30,110	15,010	15,100
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,955	9,320	10,635	15,900	8,050	7,850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,135	6,040	5,095	14,210	6,960	7,250
Location of study inside Canada	10,995	5,940	5,055	12,805	6,255	6,550
Same as province or territory of residence	9,640	5,235	4,405	12,230	5,930	6,295
Different than province or territory of residence	1,355	705	650	580	325	255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	140	95	45	1,410	710	705
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	50	10	305	145	155
Philippines	10	0	10	50	10	40
India	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	25	20	0	280	180	100
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	0	20	0	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	40	20	25	750	360	385
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	19,215	9,420	9,800	20,150	10,060	10,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10,845	5,115	5,730	9,100	4,800	4,295
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,370	4,300	4,070	11,055	5,255	5,795
Location of study inside Canada	8,280	4,250	4,025	10,070	4,795	5,275
Same as province or territory of residence	7,280	3,820	3,460	9,650	4,565	5,090
Different than province or territory of residence	995	430	565	420	230	190
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	90	50	40	985	460	520
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	15	10	240	135	110
Philippines	0	0	0	40	10	35
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	15	0	125	70	55
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	10	0	15	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	40	20	25	560	245	315
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	31,090	15,355	15,735	30,115	15,010	15,105
In the labour force	15,110	8,390	6,725	20,645	11,025	9,620
Employed	10,560	5,475	5,085	19,205	10,300	8,900
Unemployed	4,550	2,910	1,640	1,440	725	715
Not in the labour force	15,975	6,965	9,010	9,470	3,985	5,480
Participation rate	48.6	54.6	42.7	68.6	73.5	63.7
Employment rate	34.0	35.7	32.3	63.8	68.6	58.9
Unemployment rate	30.1	34.7	24.4	7.0	6.6	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	31,085	15,355	15,735	30,115	15,010	15,100
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	13,815	5,840	7,980	8,995	3,740	5,255
Worked	17,275	9,520	7,755	21,115	11,270	9,845
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	4,610	2,295	2,320	11,720	6,840	4,880
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	12,665	7,230	5,435	9,400	4,435	4,965
Average weeks worked in reference year	31.4	30.6	32.4	43.6	44.1	43.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	15,110	8,385	6,725	20,645	11,020	9,620
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	305	150	150	510	215	290
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	14,805	8,235	6,570	20,135	10,810	9,325
Employee	13,835	7,590	6,245	17,690	9,145	8,540
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	970	645	325	2,445	1,660	785
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	15,110	8,390	6,725	20,640	11,025	9,620
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	305	155	150	510	215	290
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	14,805	8,235	6,570	20,135	10,810	9,325
0 Management occupations	890	480	415	2,180	1,300	875
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,075	230	845	2,955	595	2,360
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	465	390	80	810	670	145
3 Health occupations	830	115	705	920	140	780
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,755	300	1,450	1,860	540	1,325
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	120	40	75	335	140	190
6 Sales and service occupations	2,830	850	1,980	4,530	1,620	2,910
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,905	3,700	205	4,890	4,645	240
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,845	1,540	310	450	340	115
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,090	595	490	1,205	820	385
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	15,110	8,385	6,725	20,640	11,025	9,620
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	300	155	150	510	215	290
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	14,805	8,235	6,570	20,135	10,805	9,325
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,365	1,065	305	275	165	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	965	915	45	40	35	10
22 Utilities	45	50	0	175	130	40
23 Construction	2,190	2,020	170	2,845	2,515	330
31-33 Manufacturing	1,475	860	615	2,335	1,675	665
41 Wholesale trade	200	130	65	890	580	310
44-45 Retail trade	1,695	655	1,040	2,665	1,205	1,460
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	800	615	190	1,105	830	275
51 Information and cultural industries	75	25	55	385	195	190
52 Finance and insurance	145	20	125	555	155	405
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	60	15	355	200	155
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	220	125	95	980	415	565
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	20	10	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	465	295	165	1,185	660	520
61 Educational services	625	210	415	1,205	335	870
62 Health care and social assistance	2,085	245	1,840	1,770	205	1,565
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	130	80	50	390	165	220
72 Accommodation and food services	865	180	680	1,060	330	735
81 Other services (except public administration)	700	295	405	930	480	450
91 Public administration	670	375	295	965	525	440
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,560	5,480	5,080	19,205	10,300	8,905
Worked at home	575	270	305	1,185	510	670
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	50	35	10
No fixed workplace address	1,865	1,525	340	3,185	2,505	685
Worked at usual place	8,110	3,680	4,435	14,785	7,250	7,535
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,110	3,680	4,440	14,785	7,250	7,535
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	4,020	1,475	2,540	2,570	980	1,590
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,985	870	1,115	5,660	2,520	3,140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,610	870	740	6,530	3,730	2,800
Commute to a different province or territory	500	465	40	25	20	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	9,980	5,205	4,780	17,970	9,755	8,220
Car, truck, van - as a driver	7,920	3,935	3,985	16,065	8,940	7,125
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	715	365	355	1,060	515	550
Public transit	245	220	30	350	110	240
Walked	470	140	330	310	120	190
Bicycle	0	0	0	15	15	10
Other method	625	540	80	170	60	110
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	9,975	5,200	4,780	17,970	9,755	8,215
Less than 15 minutes	4,895	1,965	2,930	2,435	980	1,455
15 to 29 minutes	2,220	1,305	910	4,855	2,235	2,615
30 to 44 minutes	1,135	760	370	3,135	1,565	1,570
45 to 59 minutes	730	410	320	2,390	1,455	930
60 minutes and over	1,005	765	240	5,155	3,515	1,640
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	9,975	5,200	4,780	17,970	9,750	8,215
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	850	705	150	2,895	2,160	735
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,620	1,250	370	3,575	2,090	1,485
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	2,455	1,335	1,115	3,965	1,960	2,005
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,500	850	1,650	2,780	1,045	1,735
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,150	225	925	1,575	535	1,040
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,410	840	570	3,175	1,955	1,225
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	17,725	9,715	8,005	21,785	11,600	10,185
Single responses	17,705	9,715	7,990	21,670	11,545	10,120
Official languages	17,700	9,710	7,990	21,605	11,495	10,110
English	17,685	9,700	7,985	21,550	11,490	10,060
French	10	10	0	60	0	50
Non-official languages	10	10	10	65	45	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	60	50	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	35	25	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	10	0	10	0	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	0	15	115	55	65
English and French	20	0	20	25	0	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	85	55	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	17,725	9,720	8,010	21,785	11,600	10,190
None	17,660	9,675	7,985	21,185	11,300	9,885
English	0	0	0	80	35	40
French	50	30	25	225	90	135
Non-official language	10	10	0	285	165	120
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	10	10	0	285	160	120
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	34,995	17,395	17,605	36,060	18,090	17,975
Non-movers	32,800	16,320	16,480	31,910	16,040	15,875
Movers	2,195	1,075	1,120	4,150	2,050	2,095
Non-migrants	820	400	420	1,185	560	630
Migrants	1,370	670	700	2,965	1,490	1,470
Internal migrants	1,365	665	695	2,865	1,435	1,430
Intraprovincial migrants	860	410	455	2,765	1,395	1,370
Interprovincial migrants	505	265	240	105	45	55
External migrants	10	0	0	100	60	40
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	34,140	16,930	17,210	34,485	17,290	17,190
Non-movers	27,330	13,600	13,735	21,835	11,010	10,830
Movers	6,805	3,330	3,475	12,645	6,285	6,365
Non-migrants	2,675	1,285	1,385	3,720	1,885	1,835
Migrants	4,130	2,045	2,090	8,925	4,395	4,525
Internal migrants	4,090	2,020	2,070	8,655	4,285	4,370
Intraprovincial migrants	2,505	1,185	1,325	8,450	4,185	4,265
Interprovincial migrants	1,585	840	740	205	95	105
External migrants	45	25	20	270	110	155

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Division No. 8, CDR [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador and Innisfil, T [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador and Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador and Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Division No. 8, Census division [Census division], Newfoundland and Labrador and Innisfil, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario