Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John, County [Census division], New Brunswick and Juan de Fuca (Part 1), Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint John, CT New Brunswick [Census division]			Juan de Fuca (Part 1), RDA British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saint John, County [Census division], New Brunswick Map : Saint John, County [Census division], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Juan de Fuca (Part 1), Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	74,020	...	...	4,670	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	76,550	...	...	4,237^rE	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.3	...	...	10.2^E	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	36,825	...	...	2,337	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	32,852	...	...	1,992	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	50.6	...	...	21.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	1,463.70	...	...	221.64	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	74,020	35,335	38,685	4,670	2,395	2,275
0 to 14 years	11,060	5,630	5,430	650	315	335
0 to 4 years	3,560	1,805	1,750	190	100	95
5 to 9 years	3,935	2,035	1,900	215	110	105
10 to 14 years	3,565	1,785	1,785	240	110	130
15 to 64 years	48,970	23,670	25,300	3,110	1,595	1,520
15 to 19 years	3,925	2,010	1,915	200	110	90
20 to 24 years	4,630	2,320	2,315	185	100	80
25 to 29 years	4,635	2,305	2,330	170	90	85
30 to 34 years	4,480	2,145	2,335	210	110	105
35 to 39 years	4,470	2,120	2,350	280	130	155
40 to 44 years	4,685	2,235	2,450	330	175	155
45 to 49 years	4,855	2,305	2,555	345	165	175
50 to 54 years	5,985	2,895	3,090	420	210	210
55 to 59 years	6,010	2,810	3,200	460	240	220
60 to 64 years	5,300	2,530	2,765	510	260	250
65 years and over	13,990	6,035	7,955	905	490	420
65 to 69 years	4,555	2,160	2,390	365	195	175
70 to 74 years	3,245	1,495	1,750	260	145	115
75 to 79 years	2,340	1,015	1,325	150	80	75
80 to 84 years	1,805	725	1,075	80	45	35
85 years and over	2,050	635	1,415	50	25	25
85 to 89 years	1,220	415	805	40	15	20
90 to 94 years	610	175	440	10	10	5
95 to 99 years	180	45	130	0	0	0
100 years and over	35	0	35	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	14.9	15.9	14.0	13.9	13.2	14.7
15 to 64 years	66.2	67.0	65.4	66.6	66.6	66.8
65 years and over	18.9	17.1	20.6	19.4	20.5	18.5
85 years and over	2.8	1.8	3.7	1.1	1.0	1.1
Average age of the population	42.9	41.5	44.1	45.3	45.6	44.9
Median age of the population	44.1	42.6	45.5	49.5	49.9	49.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	32,850	...	...	1,995	...	...
Single-detached house	14,915	...	...	1,715	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	1,795	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	15,220	...	...	180	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,020	...	...	35	...	...
Row house	1,870	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,205	...	...	125	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,995	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	125	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	925	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	32,850	...	...	1,995	...	...
1 person	10,940	...	...	465	...	...
2 persons	11,950	...	...	915	...	...
3 persons	5,080	...	...	265	...	...
4 persons	3,295	...	...	225	...	...
5 or more persons	1,585	...	...	120	...	...
Number of persons in private households	71,910	...	...	4,650	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	62,960	29,705	33,255	4,015	2,075	1,940
Married or living common law	33,080	16,550	16,530	2,765	1,385	1,375
Married	26,350	13,180	13,170	2,165	1,085	1,080
Living common law	6,730	3,370	3,355	600	300	300
Not married and not living common law	29,880	13,155	16,725	1,255	690	560
Never married	18,285	9,405	8,885	765	460	305
Separated	2,435	1,010	1,425	70	50	25
Divorced	4,640	1,870	2,770	265	130	135
Widowed	4,520	875	3,650	155	50	100
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	20,785	...	...	1,495	...	...
2 persons	11,935	...	...	955	...	...
3 persons	4,710	...	...	260	...	...
4 persons	2,995	...	...	200	...	...
5 or more persons	1,145	...	...	85	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	20,785	...	...	1,495	...	...
Total couple families	16,175	...	...	1,365	...	...
Married couples	12,810	...	...	1,070	...	...
Common-law couples	3,360	...	...	300	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,610	...	...	125	...	...
Female parent	3,795	...	...	80	...	...
Male parent	815	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	16,175	...	...	1,370	...	...
Couples without children	8,950	...	...	860	...	...
Couples with children	7,220	...	...	510	...	...
1 child	3,510	...	...	235	...	...
2 children	2,675	...	...	195	...	...
3 or more children	1,035	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,610	...	...	130	...	...
1 child	2,985	...	...	95	...	...
2 children	1,200	...	...	25	...	...
3 or more children	430	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	15,780	7,245	8,540	715	405	310
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	32,850	...	...	1,990	...	...
One-census-family households	19,930	...	...	1,425	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	8,615	...	...	820	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	11,310	...	...	605	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	425	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	12,500	...	...	530	...	...
One-person households	10,940	...	...	465	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,565	...	...	65	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	72,650	34,745	37,905	4,670	2,395	2,275
English only	62,570	30,425	32,140	4,260	2,215	2,045
French only	105	45	55	0	0	0
English and French	9,330	3,935	5,395	400	175	230
Neither English nor French	645	335	310	5	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	72,645	34,745	37,905	4,670	2,395	2,275
English	68,965	32,975	35,990	4,585	2,355	2,230
French	2,835	1,330	1,505	70	35	40
English and French	220	110	110	5	0	5
Neither English nor French	620	325	300	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,945	1,385	1,560	75	35	40
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	4.1	4.0	4.1	1.6	1.5	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	72,645	34,745	37,905	4,670	2,390	2,280
Single responses	71,975	34,430	37,545	4,640	2,375	2,265
Official languages	68,530	32,640	35,895	4,355	2,245	2,115
English	65,465	31,220	34,245	4,285	2,215	2,070
French	3,075	1,420	1,650	75	35	40
Non-official languages	3,445	1,790	1,655	280	130	150
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,440	1,795	1,650	285	135	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	770	440	330	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	745	430	320	5	5	5
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	700	405	300	0	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	25	20	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	85	35	50	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	35	45	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	185	75	110	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	5	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	165	70	95	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	55	30	25	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	25	10	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,180	630	550	225	110	110
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	205	100	100	50	25	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	205	100	100	45	20	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	5	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	5	10	15	10	5
Russian	125	65	65	5	0	0
Serbian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	15	10	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	130	60	70	145	70	75
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	5	0	5	5	0	0
Dutch	50	30	20	35	15	15
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	30	45	105	45	55
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	35	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	410	230	180	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	255	150	100	5	0	5
Bengali	60	35	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	50	35	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	15	5	5	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	55	35	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	155	80	75	0	5	0
Kurdish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	135	65	65	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	370	190	180	25	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	40	25	20	5	5	0
Portuguese	60	30	30	5	5	0
Romanian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Spanish	220	110	110	10	5	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	0	5	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	240	120	120	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	20	15	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	745	380	370	15	5	10
Chinese languages	745	380	370	15	5	5
Cantonese	85	40	40	5	0	5
Hakka	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	580	290	290	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	30	25	0	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	15	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	10	20	15	10	10
Estonian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	5	0	5
Hungarian	20	10	10	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	670	310	360	30	15	15
English and French	410	195	215	5	5	5
English and non-official language	245	110	130	20	10	10
French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	72,645	34,740	37,900	4,670	2,395	2,280
Single responses	71,800	34,340	37,465	4,625	2,370	2,255
Official languages	69,495	33,155	36,345	4,575	2,345	2,230
English	68,425	32,645	35,780	4,560	2,340	2,225
French	1,070	505	565	15	5	5
Non-official languages	2,310	1,190	1,115	50	30	25
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,305	1,185	1,115	50	25	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	660	350	300	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	640	345	295	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	595	320	270	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	45	25	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	75	30	45	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	75	35	45	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	85	40	40	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	70	35	35	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	5	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	590	300	295	45	25	20
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	115	60	55	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	120	60	55	5	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	0	5	0	5	0	5
Russian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	30	15	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	0	5	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	260	140	120	5	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	140	70	70	0	0	0
Bengali	35	15	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hindi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	25	15	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	0	0	5
Sindhi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	40	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	120	65	55	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	100	50	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	170	80	85	5	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	10	15	0	0	0
Romanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	105	55	55	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	210	110	95	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	25	15	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	590	300	285	5	5	0
Chinese languages	590	300	290	5	0	0
Cantonese	50	30	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	475	240	235	5	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	845	405	440	45	25	20
English and French	285	135	150	5	0	0
English and non-official language	535	260	280	40	20	20
French and non-official language	10	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	72,645	34,740	37,905	4,670	2,395	2,275
None	68,810	32,945	35,860	4,460	2,300	2,165
English	1,375	670	705	35	20	15
French	1,560	655	895	55	20	35
Non-official language	815	425	385	110	50	60
Aboriginal	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	810	430	385	115	50	60
English and French	25	20	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	60,880	28,800	32,080	4,000	2,070	1,930
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,805	27,205	30,605	3,850	2,000	1,850
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,272	36,578	26,143	36,992	42,640	30,771
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,815	27,205	30,615	3,860	2,010	1,855
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,681	32,298	24,342	32,968	37,649	27,814
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	49,955	24,210	25,745	3,540	1,865	1,680
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,017	35,516	24,205	34,236	40,960	27,840
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	42,680	18,100	24,575	2,650	1,275	1,375
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,176	7,193	7,112	6,443	7,184	5,976
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,960	20,420	20,540	2,845	1,535	1,310
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,313	36,075	26,190	29,968	35,776	25,003
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	60,880	28,805	32,080	4,035	2,120	1,915
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,860	27,165	30,700	3,920	2,070	1,850
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,901	44,301	32,238	52,898	64,104	40,316
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,880	27,170	30,705	3,930	2,075	1,850
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,108	36,644	28,095	42,876	50,301	34,543
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	49,825	24,125	25,705	3,595	1,910	1,690
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,775	43,647	30,325	51,864	64,083	38,024
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	43,035	18,275	24,755	2,735	1,330	1,405
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,379	8,224	8,494	7,620	7,898	7,356
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,955	20,350	20,610	2,875	1,555	1,320
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,539	43,334	31,817	44,246	53,745	33,063
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	60,880	28,800	32,080	4,035	2,125	1,915
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	20,810	10,665	10,145	1,260	705	555
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,069	50,005	39,608	53,976	59,987	50,800
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,145	59,068	44,868	62,792	71,688	51,531
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.9	87.9	79.0	89.1	91.1	86.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.3	73.9	65.9	64.5	66.7	61.2
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.1	12.1	21.0	10.9	9.0	13.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	60,885	28,800	32,080	4,000	2,070	1,930
Without total income	3,075	1,600	1,475	145	65	80
With total income	57,805	27,200	30,605	3,850	2,005	1,850
Percentage with total income	94.9	94.4	95.4	96.3	96.9	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,305	3,665	4,640	535	230	305
$10,000 to $19,999	10,275	3,740	6,535	595	280	320
$20,000 to $29,999	10,110	3,870	6,235	500	215	285
$30,000 to $39,999	7,925	3,605	4,315	425	205	225
$40,000 to $49,999	6,565	3,100	3,465	420	225	195
$50,000 to $59,999	4,215	2,360	1,850	320	170	150
$60,000 to $69,999	2,990	1,890	1,100	245	135	110
$70,000 to $79,999	2,200	1,270	935	215	140	80
$80,000 to $89,999	1,580	935	645	170	115	60
$90,000 to $99,999	1,085	740	345	115	70	45
$100,000 and over	2,560	2,030	530	305	220	85
$100,000 to $149,999	1,990	1,590	400	200	145	55
$150,000 and over	570	435	130	105	85	30
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	60,880	28,805	32,080	4,000	2,065	1,930
Without after-tax income	3,065	1,600	1,470	135	60	80
With after-tax income	57,815	27,205	30,615	3,865	2,010	1,850
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	94.4	95.4	96.6	97.3	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,575	3,705	4,870	570	245	320
$10,000 to $19,999	11,005	4,050	6,955	640	295	340
$20,000 to $29,999	11,745	4,735	7,005	580	260	320
$30,000 to $39,999	9,665	4,475	5,190	555	270	280
$40,000 to $49,999	6,510	3,480	3,030	430	235	195
$50,000 to $59,999	3,985	2,430	1,555	325	195	140
$60,000 to $69,999	2,605	1,530	1,075	255	160	100
$70,000 to $79,999	1,540	1,085	455	190	120	70
$80,000 and over	2,190	1,715	480	320	225	95
$80,000 to $89,999	860	680	175	95	60	35
$90,000 to $99,999	510	400	110	65	45	15
$100,000 and over	825	635	190	160	120	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	60,880	28,800	32,080	4,000	2,065	1,930
Without employment income	19,920	8,380	11,545	1,150	525	620
With employment income	40,955	20,425	20,535	2,845	1,535	1,305
Percentage with employment income	67.3	70.9	64.0	71.1	74.3	67.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	5,145	2,400	2,750	555	290	265
$5,000 to $9,999	3,125	1,350	1,780	220	95	120
$10,000 to $19,999	5,865	2,435	3,435	355	180	180
$20,000 to $29,999	6,165	2,585	3,575	295	135	160
$30,000 to $39,999	5,315	2,465	2,850	230	105	120
$40,000 to $49,999	4,350	2,085	2,260	245	130	115
$50,000 to $59,999	2,835	1,660	1,170	200	100	100
$60,000 to $69,999	2,165	1,365	800	175	100	75
$70,000 to $79,999	1,780	970	810	155	110	45
$80,000 and over	4,215	3,110	1,110	415	290	125
$80,000 to $89,999	1,295	780	510	135	85	50
$90,000 to $99,999	870	625	240	85	55	30
$100,000 and over	2,055	1,700	350	190	150	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	32,855	...	...	1,990	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,387	...	...	76,288	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,672	...	...	66,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,940	...	...	465	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,861	...	...	35,392	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,507	...	...	31,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	21,910	...	...	1,525	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,473	...	...	90,080	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,163	...	...	78,238	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	32,850	...	...	2,015	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,755	...	...	102,958	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	56,567	...	...	83,604	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,945	...	...	470	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,485	...	...	50,591	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,043	...	...	41,383	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	21,905	...	...	1,550	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,885	...	...	118,714	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,325	...	...	96,308	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	32,855	...	...	1,995	...	...
Under $5,000	640	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,180	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	870	...	...	50	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,995	...	...	65	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,015	...	...	65	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,795	...	...	75	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,825	...	...	75	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,800	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,705	...	...	75	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,650	...	...	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,740	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,445	...	...	135	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,080	...	...	140	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,755	...	...	145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,550	...	...	120	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,800	...	...	680	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,775	...	...	220	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,710	...	...	155	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,535	...	...	170	...	...
$200,000 and over	785	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	32,850	...	...	1,995	...	...
Under $5,000	645	...	...	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,190	...	...	25	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	880	...	...	55	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,120	...	...	75	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,310	...	...	70	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,030	...	...	90	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,145	...	...	90	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,155	...	...	95	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,965	...	...	70	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,795	...	...	105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,160	...	...	155	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,775	...	...	175	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,225	...	...	165	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,770	...	...	150	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,445	...	...	125	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,225	...	...	495	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,240	...	...	200	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,045	...	...	135	...	...
$150,000 and over	935	...	...	160	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	20,755	...	...	1,480	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,701	...	...	89,003	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,266	...	...	77,653	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	8,385	...	...	805	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,402	...	...	81,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,793	...	...	71,488	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	7,335	...	...	505	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,083	...	...	109,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,967	...	...	93,184	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,345	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,216	...	...	64,064	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	38,248	...	...	56,448	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	20,790	...	...	1,495	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,209	...	...	117,671	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,482	...	...	95,499	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	8,465	...	...	820	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,024	...	...	120,502	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,159	...	...	95,616	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	7,370	...	...	510	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,356	...	...	125,871	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,911	...	...	104,453	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,315	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	47,936	...	...	70,457	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,093	...	...	61,089	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	14,155	6,535	7,620	625	355	275
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,284	28,632	26,202	31,680	32,704	30,880
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,141	26,063	24,658	28,928	29,163	28,309
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	14,080	6,360	7,715	615	385	230
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,401	37,044	32,222	51,089	53,695	46,766
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,417	30,888	28,203	41,611	42,413	40,281
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	71,910	34,410	37,505	4,650	2,385	2,265
In the bottom half of the distribution	44,640	20,620	24,020	2,110	1,070	1,035
In the bottom decile	11,065	5,170	5,890	480	255	225
In the second decile	9,655	4,195	5,460	435	210	225
In the third decile	8,635	3,940	4,695	375	190	180
In the fourth decile	7,970	3,770	4,195	395	200	200
In the fifth decile	7,310	3,540	3,775	425	210	210
In the top half of the distribution	27,275	13,795	13,480	2,540	1,315	1,230
In the sixth decile	7,070	3,510	3,555	490	250	245
In the seventh decile	6,315	3,180	3,135	465	235	225
In the eighth decile	5,820	2,915	2,910	530	285	245
In the ninth decile	5,170	2,630	2,540	525	280	245
In the top decile	2,900	1,555	1,340	535	265	265
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	71,910	34,410	37,500	4,650	2,385	2,265
0 to 17 years	13,290	6,765	6,525	790	390	400
0 to 5 years	4,325	2,200	2,125	230	120	110
18 to 64 years	46,085	22,090	23,995	2,955	1,505	1,455
65 years and over	12,540	5,555	6,985	900	485	420
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	15,700	7,070	8,630	710	375	335
0 to 17 years	4,300	2,215	2,080	160	70	85
0 to 5 years	1,590	825	765	45	25	25
18 to 64 years	9,075	4,010	5,070	440	240	205
65 years and over	2,330	850	1,480	100	60	45
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.8	20.5	23.0	15.3	15.7	14.8
0 to 17 years (%)	32.4	32.7	31.9	20.3	17.9	21.3
0 to 5 years (%)	36.8	37.5	36.0	19.6	20.8	22.7
18 to 64 years (%)	19.7	18.2	21.1	14.9	15.9	14.1
65 years and over (%)	18.6	15.3	21.2	11.1	12.4	10.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,760	4,200	4,565	260	145	110
0 to 17 years	2,340	1,210	1,125	35	15	20
0 to 5 years	925	470	450	10	0	10
18 to 64 years	5,985	2,830	3,160	210	125	85
65 years and over	435	160	275	10	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.2	12.2	12.2	5.6	6.1	4.9
0 to 17 years (%)	17.6	17.9	17.2	4.4	3.8	5.0
0 to 5 years (%)	21.4	21.4	21.2	4.3	0.0	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.8	13.2	7.1	8.3	5.8
65 years and over (%)	3.5	2.9	3.9	1.1	2.1	1.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	71,910	34,410	37,505	4,705	2,415	2,290
Official languages	71,270	34,065	37,200	4,710	2,415	2,290
English	71,145	34,025	37,120	4,705	2,415	2,295
French	9,390	3,990	5,400	415	175	240
Non-official languages	4,605	2,345	2,260	470	250	215
Aboriginal languages	35	10	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	0	30	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	0	30	0	0	0
Malecite	15	0	15	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	0	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,575	2,340	2,230	465	255	215
Afro-Asiatic languages	810	445	365	10	0	0
Berber languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	800	435	360	0	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	695	395	300	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	105	40	65	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	125	50	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	130	50	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	45	120	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	40	95	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	65	35	25	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,895	990	910	410	215	195
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	285	160	125	35	20	20
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	280	155	125	35	20	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	10	0	0	10	0
Macedonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	40	20	15	10	10	0
Russian	195	100	95	0	0	0
Serbian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	45	40	0	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	295	120	170	220	115	105
Afrikaans	10	0	0	10	10	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	10	0
Dutch	45	20	25	30	0	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	245	110	135	170	90	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	55	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	550	340	220	10	15	0
Indo-Aryan languages	330	210	125	0	0	0
Bengali	35	30	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hindi	250	145	100	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	35	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	85	60	25	0	0	0
Iranian languages	235	135	105	10	10	0
Kurdish	30	20	15	0	0	0
Pashto	20	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	185	105	80	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	735	345	390	145	70	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	70	35	35	30	15	10
Portuguese	50	35	15	10	10	10
Romanian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Spanish	585	270	315	105	50	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	45	15	30	10	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	220	125	95	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	220	110	110	10	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	0	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	35	30	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	0	10	0	0	0
Swahili	65	30	40	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	20	25	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	250	85	160	0	0	0
American Sign Language	115	45	70	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	145	50	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	905	485	425	10	10	0
Chinese languages	905	485	425	10	15	0
Cantonese	160	70	95	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	685	365	325	0	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	105	60	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	15	0	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	15	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	40	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	50	40	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	30	20	15	15	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	25	10	10	10	10	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	71,915	34,410	37,500	4,705	2,415	2,290
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	69,185	32,965	36,215	4,555	2,355	2,205
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,640	6,465	6,170	785	355	425
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	56,545	26,500	30,045	3,775	2,000	1,775
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,730	1,440	1,285	150	65	90
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	71,910	34,410	37,505	4,705	2,415	2,295
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	67,050	31,930	35,120	3,995	2,070	1,920
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	4,200	2,055	2,145	700	340	360
Before 1981	1,170	495	670	405	190	215
1981 to 1990	285	150	130	85	55	30
1991 to 2000	335	175	155	80	45	40
2001 to 2010	855	450	405	115	45	70
2001 to 2005	300	160	135	60	15	45
2006 to 2010	555	290	270	60	25	30
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,560	785	775	15	10	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	665	425	240	15	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	4,200	2,060	2,145	705	340	360
Under 5 years	540	240	300	135	50	80
5 to 14 years	855	430	425	100	55	50
15 to 24 years	685	370	310	130	75	55
25 to 44 years	1,705	795	910	255	115	140
45 years and over	420	220	195	80	40	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	4,200	2,055	2,140	700	340	360
Americas	705	340	365	165	55	110
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	25	10	10	10	0	10
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	25	0	25	0	10	0
Peru	20	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	440	200	240	140	50	90
Other places of birth in Americas	155	85	70	10	0	10
Europe	1,160	535	625	425	220	200
Bosnia and Herzegovina	15	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	95	30	65	85	55	30
Greece	55	40	15	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	10	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Italy	20	15	10	15	10	0
Netherlands	35	15	20	15	0	15
Poland	25	10	15	20	15	10
Portugal	35	20	15	0	0	0
Romania	50	20	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	30	20	15	0	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	35	20	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	630	265	355	225	100	125
Other places of birth in Europe	75	45	30	40	30	15
Africa	265	135	130	60	30	25
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	10	15	0	10
Morocco	20	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	20	15	10
Other places of birth in Africa	175	80	95	25	15	15
Asia	2,050	1,035	1,010	45	30	15
Afghanistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	535	280	255	10	10	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	0	0	0	0	0
India	180	105	75	10	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	135	80	50	10	0	0
Iraq	20	10	15	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	180	95	85	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	35	35	0	0	0
Pakistan	50	35	10	0	0	0
Philippines	135	45	90	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	345	185	160	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	100	40	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	210	90	120	10	10	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	15	10	10	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,565	785	775	15	10	0
Americas	90	45	50	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	70	35	40	0	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	70	30	45	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	10	0	0
Ukraine	20	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	140	75	65	10	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	10	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	50	25	25	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	50	15	35	10	10	0
Asia	1,250	635	615	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	380	210	170	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	75	50	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	80	40	35	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	85	40	45	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	60	40	30	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	25	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	325	165	155	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	60	25	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	30	15	25	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	71,910	34,410	37,500	4,705	2,415	2,295
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	5,065	2,580	2,485	775	385	390
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,670	2,130	2,540	980	470	510
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	62,175	29,705	32,475	2,950	1,560	1,395
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	3,085	1,585	1,500	310	160	155
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,690	865	825	135	75	60
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	660	390	270	60	45	15
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,030	475	555	80	30	50
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	645	305	335	130	50	80
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	745	415	330	45	35	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	71,910	34,410	37,500	4,705	2,415	2,290
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,610	745	860	195	85	110
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,520	690	835	180	80	105
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	920	415	510	95	45	50
Métis	565	265	300	90	35	55
Inuk (Inuit)	40	10	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	10	15	15	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	55	45	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	70,305	33,665	36,640	4,510	2,325	2,180
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	71,910	34,410	37,505	4,710	2,415	2,290
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	375	175	200	55	30	25
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	71,535	34,235	37,295	4,650	2,385	2,265
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	71,910	34,410	37,505	4,705	2,415	2,290
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	340	135	205	40	20	25
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	335	135	200	40	25	20
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	285	120	170	40	20	20
Métis single ancestry	40	15	25	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,510	1,645	1,865	335	120	210
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,350	1,590	1,760	300	115	185
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,825	1,350	1,480	200	80	125
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	460	225	230	100	40	60
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	65	10	50	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	160	60	100	30	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	145	55	95	30	0	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	68,060	32,625	35,435	4,335	2,275	2,060
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	71,910	34,410	37,500	4,705	2,415	2,295
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	4,605	2,350	2,260	180	100	80
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	460	265	195	15	0	10
Chinese	945	510	435	20	15	0
Black	1,435	690	745	60	35	30
Filipino	220	80	135	20	10	10
Latin American	190	95	100	20	15	0
Arab	590	335	260	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	145	55	95	10	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	255	150	105	10	10	0
Korean	205	115	90	10	0	10
Japanese	25	0	15	0	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	25	10	10	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	110	45	75	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	67,300	32,065	35,240	4,530	2,315	2,205
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	71,910	34,410	37,500	4,710	2,415	2,290
North American Aboriginal origins	3,850	1,785	2,065	370	135	230
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,280	1,530	1,750	265	90	170
Inuit	80	20	65	0	0	0
Métis	670	300	365	135	40	90
Other North American origins	34,490	16,470	18,020	1,370	715	660
Acadian	1,075	570	500	10	10	0
American	710	315	395	105	45	60
Canadian	33,280	15,880	17,405	1,300	680	620
New Brunswicker	30	15	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	100	45	60	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	49,135	23,230	25,910	4,050	2,045	2,005
British Isles origins	41,705	19,510	22,195	3,020	1,545	1,480
Channel Islander	0	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	15	10	10	0	0	0
English	22,190	10,425	11,765	2,000	1,005	1,000
Irish	21,895	9,950	11,940	885	405	480
Manx	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	16,610	7,685	8,930	1,340	680	665
Welsh	1,295	540	750	215	100	115
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,270	525	740	175	90	85
French origins	15,140	6,935	8,210	640	290	350
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15,140	6,930	8,210	645	295	345
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,105	2,395	2,715	1,140	560	580
Austrian	120	55	65	50	20	30
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	85	35	50	15	0	10
Dutch	1,785	815	975	275	115	160
Flemish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,360	1,585	1,770	855	435	420
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	80	40	40	20	10	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,275	685	590	525	275	250
Danish	405	225	185	90	45	45
Finnish	40	20	20	35	20	10
Icelandic	45	25	15	60	30	25
Norwegian	525	290	235	235	120	115
Swedish	250	135	110	125	65	60
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	95	50	45	25	20	0
Eastern European origins	1,505	735	775	595	290	305
Bulgarian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Czech	60	55	10	45	25	20
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	45	30	15	20	0	15
Estonian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	195	110	85	70	45	35
Latvian	15	10	10	0	0	10
Lithuanian	40	10	35	25	15	10
Moldovan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	440	210	235	180	95	90
Romanian	115	40	75	0	10	0
Russian	280	125	160	135	60	75
Slovak	30	20	10	15	10	10
Ukrainian	470	225	245	190	100	95
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,685	815	870	275	155	120
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	35	10	25	30	15	15
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	215	125	90	0	0	10
Italian	795	375	420	135	90	45
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	200	105	100	15	10	10
Serbian	10	0	0	25	10	15
Sicilian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	10	10	10	10	0
Spanish	415	185	230	80	25	55
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	175	90	90	70	35	35
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	105	50	55	20	10	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	55	30	20	50	30	20
Caribbean origins	305	140	165	35	15	15
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	35	20	10	10	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	60	30	30	0	0	0
Dominican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	130	55	75	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	15	0	15	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	20	15	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	250	120	125	50	20	25
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	15	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	10	0	0
Colombian	35	15	20	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	50	15	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	30	55	30	10	15
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	10	10	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	1,055	540	515	90	50	40
Central and West African origins	255	145	110	20	10	20
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	70	40	35	20	0	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	15	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	35	25	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	0	20
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	70	45	25	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	15	20	0	0	0
North African origins	100	75	25	0	0	0
Algerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	55	40	15	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	75	45	35	55	30	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	10	25	20	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	10	0	0	0
South African	20	10	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	30	20	10	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	680	315	365	15	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	90	35	60	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	585	280	305	15	10	0
Asian origins	3,745	1,950	1,795	115	60	50
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,565	845	720	25	25	0
Afghan	20	0	15	15	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	185	95	90	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	145	90	60	0	0	0
Iraqi	25	20	10	0	0	0
Israeli	35	15	25	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	580	295	285	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	20	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	50	40	10	0	0	0
Syrian	460	255	210	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	30	15	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	15	10	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	25	15	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	525	285	245	15	10	15
Bangladeshi	30	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	385	180	205	20	0	15
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	55	35	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	20	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,650	820	835	80	40	45
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese	1,055	555	495	35	25	10
Filipino	215	75	145	15	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	15	10	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25	10	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	205	115	90	10	0	15
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	10
Taiwanese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Thai	35	20	15	10	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	100	40	60	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	60	35	25	35	15	20
Australian	40	30	15	15	10	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	10	10	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	32,855	...	...	2,015	...	...
Owner	19,150	...	...	1,690	...	...
Renter	13,705	...	...	325	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	32,850	...	...	2,010	...	...
Condominium	1,440	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	31,410	...	...	2,005	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	32,850	...	...	2,010	...	...
No bedrooms	150	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	4,435	...	...	145	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,850	...	...	590	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,400	...	...	775	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,010	...	...	510	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	32,850	...	...	2,015	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,830	...	...	400	...	...
5 rooms	5,990	...	...	325	...	...
6 rooms	5,725	...	...	350	...	...
7 rooms	4,140	...	...	230	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,170	...	...	710	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	32,850	...	...	2,015	...	...
One person or fewer per room	32,650	...	...	1,995	...	...
More than 1 person per room	205	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	32,850	...	...	2,015	...	...
Suitable	32,005	...	...	1,945	...	...
Not suitable	845	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	32,855	...	...	2,010	...	...
1960 or before	12,040	...	...	155	...	...
1961 to 1980	11,230	...	...	465	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,005	...	...	285	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,630	...	...	600	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,085	...	...	160	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,740	...	...	205	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,120	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	32,850	...	...	2,015	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	29,885	...	...	1,880	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,965	...	...	135	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	32,850	...	...	2,015	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,310	...	...	960	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,110	...	...	1,000	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	430	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	32,850	...	...	2,010	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,470	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,690	...	...	160	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,175	...	...	325	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,300	...	...	400	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,735	...	...	560	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,820	...	...	350	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,655	...	...	180	...	...
85 years and over	1,000	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	32,650	...	...	1,990	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	25,110	...	...	1,495	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,540	...	...	495	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,695	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	19,140	...	...	1,665	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.7	...	...	60.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.8	...	...	21.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	931	...	...	1,257	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,008	...	...	1,373	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	150,512	...	...	548,878	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	173,096	...	...	618,307	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,700	...	...	320	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	15.6	...	...	6.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	36.1	...	...	38.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	702	...	...	994	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	725	...	...	1,062	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	60,885	28,800	32,080	4,035	2,120	1,915
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,845	5,880	5,965	555	355	205
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20,170	9,360	10,805	1,115	545	570
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	28,870	13,560	15,310	2,365	1,225	1,140
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,840	3,645	1,190	575	450	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,375	1,460	910	205	115	90
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,465	2,185	280	365	335	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,620	5,430	8,190	785	310	470
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,020	370	655	110	25	90
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	9,390	4,115	5,270	900	440	455
Bachelor's degree	6,665	2,770	3,890	490	220	270
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	640	290	350	70	40	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	195	115	80	35	20	15
Master's degree	1,695	825	870	260	130	130
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	200	120	80	45	35	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	39,850	18,940	20,910	2,750	1,410	1,345
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,705	2,495	2,210	345	230	120
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,030	6,280	6,750	695	325	365
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,110	10,160	11,950	1,710	855	860
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,300	2,465	835	410	310	105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,600	950	650	155	80	80
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,700	1,515	180	255	230	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,600	4,295	6,310	625	250	375
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	705	260	440	65	10	55
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,505	3,140	4,365	610	280	330
Bachelor's degree	5,315	2,155	3,155	355	155	200
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	475	190	285	25	20	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	170	95	75	25	20	10
Master's degree	1,395	615	775	180	80	100
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	145	75	70	20	15	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	60,880	28,805	32,080	4,035	2,120	1,915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	32,015	15,240	16,775	1,670	895	775
Education	1,935	570	1,365	155	30	120
13. Education	1,935	575	1,360	155	35	120
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	720	395	325	80	25	60
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	175	155	20	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	545	245	300	70	15	55
Humanities	1,310	485	825	135	30	100
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	25	50	20	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	300	95	205	50	10	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	280	90	190	15	0	20
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	65	40	30	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	230	130	95	15	0	10
54. History	280	95	185	20	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	80	10	70	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,180	695	1,480	285	100	190
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	175	85	90	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	400	45	360	90	10	85
22. Legal professions and studies	355	120	230	35	25	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	25	65	10	10	10
42. Psychology	570	155	415	45	15	25
45. Social sciences	565	260	300	100	45	55
Business, management and public administration	6,725	1,925	4,800	295	100	190
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	580	135	440	35	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,130	1,790	4,340	255	100	160
Physical and life sciences and technologies	795	370	420	85	45	35
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	300	115	185	40	15	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	240	110	130	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	150	110	40	35	35	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	95	35	60	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,320	850	475	50	30	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,185	780	410	40	25	10
25. Library science	50	20	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	40	30	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,785	6,280	500	690	635	50
04. Architecture and related services	65	35	25	25	20	0
14. Engineering	730	605	120	80	70	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,310	1,155	155	165	130	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,000	1,935	70	200	205	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,740	1,645	95	115	105	10
48. Precision production	940	905	40	115	105	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	245	135	110	105	55	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	165	80	85	65	20	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	80	60	20	35	35	0
Health and related fields	4,730	650	4,080	355	80	270
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	125	65	65	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,525	545	3,985	330	70	255
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	40	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,120	1,190	925	140	85	55
12. Personal and culinary services	1,125	265	860	100	55	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	20	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	435	400	40	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	535	505	30	25	20	10
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	39,850	18,935	20,915	2,755	1,410	1,340
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,740	8,780	8,960	1,040	550	485
Education	1,210	300	910	85	25	65
13. Education	1,205	295	910	90	20	60
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	540	300	245	45	10	35
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	90	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	430	205	225	45	10	35
Humanities	965	320	645	85	25	60
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	25	40	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	235	70	165	30	10	30
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	210	60	150	15	0	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	25	15	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	140	70	70	15	10	0
54. History	215	60	155	10	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	60	10	55	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,780	575	1,205	200	55	140
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	155	80	80	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	320	45	280	65	0	60
22. Legal professions and studies	295	100	200	25	15	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	80	20	50	10	0	10
42. Psychology	440	115	325	35	15	25
45. Social sciences	470	220	245	60	20	40
Business, management and public administration	5,375	1,535	3,845	215	60	155
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	445	105	340	40	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,910	1,425	3,485	175	55	120
Physical and life sciences and technologies	590	265	325	55	25	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	235	70	165	30	0	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	165	75	90	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	85	35	20	20	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	25	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,080	700	385	45	25	15
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	985	655	325	35	20	15
25. Library science	40	10	30	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	20	25	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,015	4,610	405	480	430	50
04. Architecture and related services	45	20	30	20	10	0
14. Engineering	590	480	110	45	35	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,080	950	125	110	75	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,465	1,395	65	145	145	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,215	1,160	55	85	80	10
48. Precision production	625	600	20	80	75	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	115	95	80	50	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	65	75	55	25	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	50	25	30	25	0
Health and related fields	3,690	510	3,180	300	70	230
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	60	60	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	3,500	410	3,095	280	60	220
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	75	40	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,650	940	710	125	75	45
12. Personal and culinary services	880	225	655	80	45	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	10	0	10
43. Security and protective services	310	285	30	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	445	420	30	25	20	0
Other	0	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	60,880	28,800	32,080	4,035	2,120	1,915
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	32,015	15,240	16,775	1,670	895	775
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	28,865	13,560	15,305	2,365	1,225	1,135
Location of study inside Canada	26,960	12,565	14,400	2,005	1,050	955
Same as province or territory of residence	22,210	10,105	12,100	1,420	735	690
Different than province or territory of residence	4,750	2,460	2,295	585	315	270
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,905	995	910	360	175	180
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	500	285	215	125	60	65
Philippines	100	40	65	0	0	0
India	70	30	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	220	145	80	125	55	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	250	110	140	10	0	0
France	15	10	0	10	0	10
Other	750	390	360	95	55	40
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	39,850	18,940	20,915	2,750	1,405	1,345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,735	8,775	8,960	1,040	550	490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	22,110	10,160	11,955	1,710	855	860
Location of study inside Canada	20,555	9,385	11,170	1,525	765	765
Same as province or territory of residence	16,930	7,575	9,350	1,110	555	560
Different than province or territory of residence	3,630	1,810	1,820	410	205	200
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,555	775	780	190	95	95
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	330	160	160	80	45	40
Philippines	95	30	65	0	0	0
India	75	25	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	135	80	50	55	25	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	245	110	140	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	10	0	0
Other	675	355	320	40	20	20
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	60,880	28,800	32,080	4,035	2,125	1,910
In the labour force	37,480	18,730	18,750	2,450	1,360	1,090
Employed	33,750	16,385	17,360	2,315	1,275	1,035
Unemployed	3,735	2,345	1,390	135	80	50
Not in the labour force	23,400	10,070	13,330	1,585	760	825
Participation rate	61.6	65.0	58.4	60.7	64.0	57.1
Employment rate	55.4	56.9	54.1	57.4	60.0	54.2
Unemployment rate	10.0	12.5	7.4	5.5	5.9	4.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	60,885	28,800	32,080	4,035	2,125	1,910
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	22,070	9,590	12,485	1,290	590	700
Worked	38,815	19,215	19,600	2,745	1,535	1,210
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	21,175	10,915	10,255	1,345	755	585
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	17,640	8,300	9,335	1,405	775	630
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	42.7	43.3	42.0	42.1	41.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	37,480	18,730	18,750	2,450	1,360	1,090
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,000	560	440	35	10	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	36,480	18,170	18,305	2,415	1,350	1,065
Employee	34,275	16,860	17,415	1,810	940	870
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,200	1,310	890	605	410	195
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	37,480	18,730	18,750	2,445	1,360	1,090
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,005	560	445	35	10	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	36,480	18,170	18,305	2,410	1,350	1,070
0 Management occupations	2,840	1,570	1,270	305	180	125
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,725	1,630	4,095	295	55	240
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,265	1,760	505	190	140	50
3 Health occupations	3,120	450	2,665	165	45	125
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,870	1,160	2,710	260	80	180
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	660	345	320	100	55	45
6 Sales and service occupations	11,050	4,740	6,310	450	180	270
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,415	5,180	240	475	470	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	460	410	50	130	105	25
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,070	935	140	55	50	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	37,480	18,730	18,750	2,450	1,360	1,090
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,005	560	445	35	10	25
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	36,480	18,170	18,305	2,415	1,350	1,065
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	230	160	70	80	55	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	355	260	95	35	35	0
22 Utilities	630	480	150	20	15	0
23 Construction	2,620	2,355	270	285	260	20
31-33 Manufacturing	2,045	1,630	420	165	145	20
41 Wholesale trade	1,455	880	570	50	30	15
44-45 Retail trade	4,870	2,135	2,735	175	100	80
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,585	1,250	330	75	65	10
51 Information and cultural industries	760	405	360	45	25	20
52 Finance and insurance	1,365	490	875	55	15	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	505	275	225	20	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	2,290	1,235	1,050	150	85	70
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	0	40	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,235	1,740	1,495	160	95	70
61 Educational services	1,965	670	1,295	165	45	115
62 Health care and social assistance	5,530	930	4,600	245	55	190
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	545	295	255	85	50	30
72 Accommodation and food services	2,845	1,080	1,765	185	85	100
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,710	790	920	115	55	60
91 Public administration	1,900	1,100	800	300	115	185
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	33,745	16,385	17,360	2,315	1,275	1,040
Worked at home	1,295	565	730	335	175	160
Worked outside Canada	105	55	50	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	3,420	2,525	895	475	390	85
Worked at usual place	28,925	13,245	15,685	1,490	700	795
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	28,925	13,240	15,685	1,495	700	790
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	24,670	11,005	13,660	125	75	50
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	2,225	1,185	1,035	1,275	570	710
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	1,740	830	910	65	40	30
Commute to a different province or territory	295	215	80	25	20	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	32,345	15,765	16,585	1,970	1,095	880
Car, truck, van - as a driver	23,955	12,145	11,810	1,630	930	700
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,550	1,365	2,185	100	55	50
Public transit	1,980	785	1,190	105	30	70
Walked	2,365	1,165	1,195	50	25	20
Bicycle	100	80	20	30	10	20
Other method	395	215	180	55	40	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	32,350	15,765	16,585	1,965	1,090	880
Less than 15 minutes	14,445	6,730	7,715	310	180	135
15 to 29 minutes	12,970	6,275	6,690	405	225	180
30 to 44 minutes	2,965	1,590	1,370	405	225	170
45 to 59 minutes	1,095	640	450	370	205	165
60 minutes and over	880	530	350	475	255	220
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	32,350	15,765	16,585	1,965	1,095	875
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,620	1,040	575	225	150	75
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,160	2,915	2,245	460	285	175
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,445	4,700	4,750	450	215	235
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	7,380	2,930	4,445	345	175	170
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,355	1,360	1,995	260	150	105
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,385	2,810	2,575	230	120	110
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	39,930	19,745	20,185	2,805	1,575	1,230
Single responses	39,530	19,590	19,935	2,795	1,580	1,220
Official languages	39,270	19,460	19,810	2,800	1,575	1,225
English	38,880	19,320	19,555	2,795	1,570	1,220
French	395	140	255	0	0	0
Non-official languages	260	135	125	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	255	130	125	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	45	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	45	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	45	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	35	45	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	400	150	245	10	0	0
English and French	335	125	215	0	0	10
English and non-official language	60	35	30	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	39,930	19,745	20,185	2,805	1,575	1,225
None	37,735	18,960	18,775	2,750	1,540	1,205
English	350	120	230	0	0	0
French	1,635	550	1,085	30	15	15
Non-official language	170	90	75	30	15	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	170	95	75	25	20	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	71,170	34,080	37,090	4,655	2,380	2,285
Non-movers	60,655	28,970	31,680	3,975	2,060	1,915
Movers	10,510	5,105	5,405	680	315	370
Non-migrants	7,480	3,535	3,945	285	145	140
Migrants	3,035	1,570	1,460	395	170	225
Internal migrants	2,250	1,130	1,120	395	170	220
Intraprovincial migrants	1,360	660	695	260	105	155
Interprovincial migrants	895	470	425	135	70	70
External migrants	785	445	340	0	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	68,365	32,690	35,675	4,500	2,310	2,190
Non-movers	42,680	20,410	22,270	3,085	1,630	1,455
Movers	25,690	12,285	13,410	1,420	685	735
Non-migrants	17,860	8,325	9,535	610	290	325
Migrants	7,830	3,955	3,875	805	395	415
Internal migrants	5,960	2,910	3,045	745	360	385
Intraprovincial migrants	3,865	1,870	1,990	495	230	260
Interprovincial migrants	2,095	1,040	1,055	250	130	120
External migrants	1,875	1,045	830	60	30	30

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint John, CT [Census division], New Brunswick and Juan de Fuca (Part 1), RDA [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John, County [Census division], New Brunswick and Juan de Fuca (Part 1), Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint John, County [Census division], New Brunswick and Juan de Fuca (Part 1), Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint John, County [Census division], New Brunswick and Juan de Fuca (Part 1), Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia