Census Profile, 2016 Census
Le Haut-Saint-François, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Le Haut-Saint-François, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Abitibi--Témiscamingue Quebec [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Le Haut-Saint-François, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Le Haut-Saint-François, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	22,335	...	...	103,491	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	22,065	...	...	102,794	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	1.2	...	...	0.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	11,203	...	...	50,987	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	9,581	...	...	45,535	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9.8	...	...	3.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,273.39	...	...	33,444.46	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	22,335	11,490	10,845	103,490	52,035	51,455
0 to 14 years	3,825	2,000	1,825	17,530	8,930	8,595
0 to 4 years	1,265	670	600	5,825	2,980	2,845
5 to 9 years	1,360	705	655	6,190	3,125	3,065
10 to 14 years	1,200	630	570	5,520	2,835	2,685
15 to 64 years	13,970	7,170	6,805	67,105	34,260	32,845
15 to 19 years	1,170	590	575	5,705	2,935	2,770
20 to 24 years	995	515	480	5,895	3,065	2,830
25 to 29 years	990	485	505	5,860	3,050	2,805
30 to 34 years	1,260	640	620	6,075	3,110	2,960
35 to 39 years	1,420	740	675	6,205	3,120	3,085
40 to 44 years	1,185	615	570	5,820	2,990	2,830
45 to 49 years	1,335	700	635	6,160	3,070	3,090
50 to 54 years	1,755	880	875	8,245	4,155	4,085
55 to 59 years	1,990	1,000	990	9,170	4,650	4,520
60 to 64 years	1,870	1,005	865	7,975	4,105	3,870
65 years and over	4,535	2,320	2,215	18,860	8,840	10,015
65 to 69 years	1,640	875	765	6,400	3,255	3,150
70 to 74 years	1,160	610	545	4,735	2,355	2,380
75 to 79 years	705	380	325	3,240	1,505	1,730
80 to 84 years	495	230	265	2,295	995	1,300
85 years and over	530	220	310	2,185	725	1,455
85 to 89 years	330	145	185	1,480	525	955
90 to 94 years	155	60	95	600	180	420
95 to 99 years	45	15	30	95	25	70
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.1	17.4	16.8	16.9	17.2	16.7
15 to 64 years	62.5	62.4	62.7	64.8	65.8	63.8
65 years and over	20.3	20.2	20.4	18.2	17.0	19.5
85 years and over	2.4	1.9	2.9	2.1	1.4	2.8
Average age of the population	43.3	43.2	43.5	42.1	41.4	42.8
Median age of the population	46.4	46.3	46.4	43.9	43.0	44.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
Single-detached house	7,555	...	...	29,280	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	65	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,890	...	...	15,740	...	...
Semi-detached house	155	...	...	1,920	...	...
Row house	30	...	...	780	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	690	...	...	3,410	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	965	...	...	9,380	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...	250	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	135	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
1 person	2,875	...	...	14,930	...	...
2 persons	3,775	...	...	17,265	...	...
3 persons	1,235	...	...	5,660	...	...
4 persons	1,035	...	...	5,045	...	...
5 or more persons	660	...	...	2,630	...	...
Number of persons in private households	21,895	...	...	100,860	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	18,510	9,490	9,020	85,960	43,105	42,860
Married or living common law	11,590	5,805	5,785	51,850	25,885	25,965
Married	6,560	3,285	3,275	26,985	13,465	13,520
Living common law	5,030	2,520	2,515	24,860	12,420	12,440
Not married and not living common law	6,915	3,685	3,235	34,115	17,215	16,900
Never married	4,410	2,600	1,810	22,505	12,975	9,535
Separated	200	115	85	1,285	635	650
Divorced	1,260	670	590	5,005	2,395	2,610
Widowed	1,050	300	755	5,320	1,220	4,105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	6,550	...	...	29,655	...	...
2 persons	3,780	...	...	17,060	...	...
3 persons	1,220	...	...	5,410	...	...
4 persons	985	...	...	4,870	...	...
5 or more persons	565	...	...	2,320	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	6,550	...	...	29,655	...	...
Total couple families	5,700	...	...	25,470	...	...
Married couples	3,185	...	...	13,040	...	...
Common-law couples	2,515	...	...	12,425	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	850	...	...	4,190	...	...
Female parent	585	...	...	2,795	...	...
Male parent	265	...	...	1,390	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,700	...	...	25,470	...	...
Couples without children	3,300	...	...	14,540	...	...
Couples with children	2,400	...	...	10,930	...	...
1 child	945	...	...	4,190	...	...
2 children	910	...	...	4,530	...	...
3 or more children	540	...	...	2,210	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	850	...	...	4,190	...	...
1 child	485	...	...	2,520	...	...
2 children	270	...	...	1,225	...	...
3 or more children	95	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,680	2,115	1,570	18,635	9,820	8,820
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
One-census-family households	6,390	...	...	29,200	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,225	...	...	14,340	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,170	...	...	14,855	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	75	...	...	230	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,110	...	...	16,110	...	...
One-person households	2,875	...	...	14,935	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	235	...	...	1,175	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	22,180	11,420	10,755	102,635	51,675	50,965
English only	700	350	345	1,540	740	800
French only	14,220	7,130	7,090	72,605	34,650	37,955
English and French	7,245	3,940	3,315	28,455	16,265	12,195
Neither English nor French	5	0	0	35	15	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	22,175	11,420	10,755	102,640	51,670	50,965
English	2,280	1,170	1,105	3,630	1,750	1,880
French	19,795	10,195	9,600	98,675	49,750	48,925
English and French	100	50	45	300	155	145
Neither English nor French	0	0	5	30	15	15
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,330	1,195	1,130	3,780	1,830	1,955
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	10.5	10.5	10.5	3.7	3.5	3.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	22,180	11,425	10,755	102,635	51,670	50,970
Single responses	21,955	11,315	10,635	101,875	51,280	50,595
Official languages	21,775	11,225	10,550	100,740	50,705	50,035
English	2,195	1,140	1,055	3,350	1,610	1,740
French	19,580	10,085	9,495	97,390	49,095	48,295
Non-official languages	175	90	85	1,135	575	560
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	300	135	165
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	290	135	160
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	115	50	65
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	100	45	55
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	170	80	85
Algonquin	0	0	0	165	80	90
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	5	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	175	85	85	840	440	400
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	15	5	255	150	110
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	15	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	220	125	95
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	5	225	125	95
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	5	20	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	20	10	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	5	0	20	5	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	20	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-European languages	125	60	65	370	190	185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	15	75	45	30
Baltic languages	5	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	5	10	70	40	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	5	15	5	5
Russian	15	5	5	25	15	15
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	10	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	30	15	15	70	25	40
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	55	20	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	5	10	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	5	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	50	20	30	210	105	110
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	20	10	10	35	20	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Romanian	5	5	0	20	10	15
Spanish	25	10	15	130	55	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	90	50	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	15	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	10	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	5	30	15	20
Chinese languages	10	5	5	35	15	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	15	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	5	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	220	105	115	760	390	375
English and French	205	100	105	575	295	280
English and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	15
French and non-official language	15	10	10	130	70	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	22,180	11,420	10,755	102,640	51,675	50,965
Single responses	21,930	11,300	10,630	101,740	51,240	50,505
Official languages	21,870	11,265	10,605	101,400	51,055	50,345
English	2,140	1,085	1,060	3,200	1,610	1,595
French	19,730	10,180	9,550	98,200	49,450	48,755
Non-official languages	60	35	25	340	180	155
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	75	40	40
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75	35	40
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Algonquin	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	60	35	25	265	145	115
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	75	45	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	70	40	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	70	40	30
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	45	20	20	120	65	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	5	15	5	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	5	0	0
Russian	10	5	5	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	95	50	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	5	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	5
Romanian	5	0	0	15	5	5
Spanish	5	5	5	65	30	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	20	10	5
Chinese languages	5	0	5	20	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	0	0	15	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	240	120	120	900	435	460
English and French	215	105	110	565	275	290
English and non-official language	5	5	5	35	15	25
French and non-official language	20	10	10	260	125	135
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	22,175	11,420	10,755	102,635	51,675	50,970
None	20,465	10,560	9,900	96,880	48,625	48,250
English	1,015	525	490	4,115	2,210	1,905
French	595	285	310	905	470	435
Non-official language	60	30	30	600	295	305
Aboriginal	0	0	0	195	80	110
Non-Aboriginal	60	30	30	405	210	200
English and French	15	5	5	25	15	15
English and non-official language	20	10	10	95	50	45
French and non-official language	5	5	5	20	5	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	18,095	9,310	8,785	83,365	42,145	41,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,545	9,055	8,490	81,210	41,325	39,880
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,461	32,392	24,576	33,639	42,250	26,197
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	17,550	9,055	8,495	81,230	41,330	39,905
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,143	29,126	23,014	30,048	36,411	24,267
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,205	8,085	7,120	71,505	37,500	34,010
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,794	28,745	20,770	30,130	39,445	23,055
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,200	7,155	7,050	61,040	28,895	32,145
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,676	8,181	9,285	8,585	8,513	8,630
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	12,305	6,700	5,605	59,195	31,935	27,260
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,785	28,876	23,060	32,580	42,366	24,674
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	18,095	9,315	8,780	83,365	42,155	41,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,555	9,070	8,485	81,195	41,340	39,855
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,885	37,528	29,988	42,596	52,060	32,779
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	17,555	9,070	8,485	81,205	41,340	39,865
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,298	31,926	26,487	34,629	40,763	28,267
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,195	8,105	7,090	71,445	37,485	33,965
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,087	33,854	25,780	40,161	49,988	29,316
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,390	7,255	7,135	60,875	28,755	32,115
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,562	9,094	10,039	9,679	9,686	9,673
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	12,305	6,775	5,530	59,195	32,100	27,100
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,186	32,512	27,337	41,273	50,426	30,429
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	18,095	9,315	8,780	83,365	42,155	41,210
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	5,375	3,035	2,340	24,570	13,970	10,600
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	36,500	38,273	34,357	49,018	58,021	39,657
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	40,214	41,906	38,022	56,763	66,089	44,471
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	77.2	81.1	72.0	83.0	86.8	76.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	62.2	64.1	59.6	70.5	74.6	63.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	22.8	18.9	27.9	17.0	13.2	23.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	18,095	9,315	8,780	83,360	42,150	41,210
Without total income	550	255	295	2,150	825	1,330
With total income	17,550	9,060	8,490	81,210	41,325	39,880
Percentage with total income	97.0	97.3	96.7	97.4	98.0	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,025	835	1,190	9,515	3,620	5,900
$10,000 to $19,999	3,875	1,670	2,205	14,925	5,610	9,315
$20,000 to $29,999	3,325	1,665	1,660	12,385	5,430	6,960
$30,000 to $39,999	2,805	1,495	1,315	10,290	4,825	5,465
$40,000 to $49,999	2,145	1,200	945	9,445	4,905	4,540
$50,000 to $59,999	1,335	810	520	6,805	4,020	2,785
$60,000 to $69,999	780	525	260	4,840	3,175	1,665
$70,000 to $79,999	515	335	180	3,550	2,300	1,250
$80,000 to $89,999	280	190	90	2,565	1,735	830
$90,000 to $99,999	160	115	45	1,795	1,420	380
$100,000 and over	305	220	85	5,090	4,290	800
$100,000 to $149,999	210	150	60	3,860	3,290	570
$150,000 and over	100	75	30	1,225	1,000	225
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	18,095	9,310	8,785	83,360	42,150	41,215
Without after-tax income	545	255	290	2,130	820	1,310
With after-tax income	17,550	9,060	8,495	81,230	41,325	39,905
Percentage with after-tax income	97.0	97.3	96.7	97.4	98.0	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	2,090	850	1,235	9,800	3,715	6,090
$10,000 to $19,999	4,080	1,770	2,310	15,725	5,940	9,790
$20,000 to $29,999	4,045	2,055	1,990	15,015	6,715	8,295
$30,000 to $39,999	3,365	1,910	1,455	13,500	6,795	6,705
$40,000 to $49,999	2,015	1,185	830	10,180	6,020	4,165
$50,000 to $59,999	1,010	655	355	6,225	4,010	2,220
$60,000 to $69,999	495	310	185	4,270	2,840	1,430
$70,000 to $79,999	185	135	45	2,605	2,050	550
$80,000 and over	265	180	85	3,905	3,245	660
$80,000 to $89,999	90	55	35	1,450	1,230	215
$90,000 to $99,999	55	35	20	840	710	135
$100,000 and over	125	95	30	1,605	1,300	305
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	18,095	9,315	8,785	83,360	42,145	41,215
Without employment income	5,785	2,610	3,180	24,165	10,215	13,950
With employment income	12,305	6,700	5,605	59,190	31,935	27,260
Percentage with employment income	68.0	71.9	63.8	71.0	75.8	66.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,980	1,120	860	7,850	3,880	3,970
$5,000 to $9,999	1,030	440	590	4,655	1,910	2,745
$10,000 to $19,999	2,035	975	1,060	8,200	3,300	4,895
$20,000 to $29,999	1,930	940	995	7,100	3,030	4,075
$30,000 to $39,999	1,825	965	860	6,855	3,085	3,770
$40,000 to $49,999	1,330	795	540	5,950	3,225	2,725
$50,000 to $59,999	805	515	290	4,595	2,945	1,655
$60,000 to $69,999	505	355	150	3,455	2,380	1,080
$70,000 to $79,999	355	225	130	2,885	1,855	1,035
$80,000 and over	510	375	140	7,635	6,320	1,315
$80,000 to $89,999	195	145	50	1,920	1,430	495
$90,000 to $99,999	125	85	35	1,530	1,260	275
$100,000 and over	195	145	55	4,185	3,640	550
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,022	...	...	60,795	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,995	...	...	52,725	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,875	...	...	14,935	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,297	...	...	29,339	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,851	...	...	26,845	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,705	...	...	30,605	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,908	...	...	81,285	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,350	...	...	69,190	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,087	...	...	75,954	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,683	...	...	61,754	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,875	...	...	14,925	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,017	...	...	38,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,889	...	...	32,231	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,710	...	...	30,605	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,953	...	...	94,142	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,719	...	...	76,151	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
Under $5,000	80	...	...	410	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	135	...	...	645	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	355	...	...	1,600	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	605	...	...	2,520	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	545	...	...	2,440	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	545	...	...	2,010	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	670	...	...	2,535	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	600	...	...	2,355	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	535	...	...	2,225	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	520	...	...	2,045	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	945	...	...	3,700	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	835	...	...	3,230	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	725	...	...	2,960	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	560	...	...	2,675	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	455	...	...	2,360	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,465	...	...	11,835	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	770	...	...	4,510	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	340	...	...	3,070	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	235	...	...	2,855	...	...
$200,000 and over	120	...	...	1,395	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
Under $5,000	90	...	...	435	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	140	...	...	645	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	365	...	...	1,615	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	630	...	...	2,650	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	615	...	...	2,755	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	650	...	...	2,405	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	780	...	...	3,045	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	665	...	...	2,935	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	615	...	...	2,610	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	615	...	...	2,430	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,115	...	...	4,335	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	880	...	...	3,855	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	710	...	...	3,445	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	540	...	...	2,795	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	400	...	...	2,385	...	...
$100,000 and over	765	...	...	7,185	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	470	...	...	3,800	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	160	...	...	1,825	...	...
$150,000 and over	140	...	...	1,565	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	6,550	...	...	29,740	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,000	...	...	81,655	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,395	...	...	69,358	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,165	...	...	14,135	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,619	...	...	69,429	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	50,711	...	...	59,702	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,415	...	...	10,995	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,316	...	...	114,811	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	76,928	...	...	94,499	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	815	...	...	4,050	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,496	...	...	51,368	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,848	...	...	46,637	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	6,560	...	...	29,725	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,950	...	...	94,538	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,662	...	...	76,346	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,155	...	...	14,095	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,968	...	...	80,712	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,973	...	...	66,644	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,410	...	...	10,955	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,238	...	...	126,794	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,359	...	...	98,954	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	825	...	...	4,085	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,712	...	...	58,041	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,736	...	...	50,407	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,320	1,920	1,395	17,275	9,155	8,120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,389	27,360	21,881	28,088	33,236	23,810
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,119	25,182	21,477	25,915	29,528	22,986
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	3,290	1,870	1,425	17,270	9,230	8,040
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,338	32,985	29,181	37,532	43,314	30,894
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	27,380	28,294	26,185	31,406	35,141	27,118
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	21,895	11,295	10,595	100,860	51,065	49,795
In the bottom half of the distribution	15,460	7,900	7,555	55,325	27,160	28,165
In the bottom decile	2,040	1,075	970	7,990	3,860	4,125
In the second decile	3,310	1,645	1,665	11,545	5,265	6,275
In the third decile	3,835	1,930	1,900	11,855	5,885	5,970
In the fourth decile	3,260	1,695	1,565	12,050	6,040	6,005
In the fifth decile	3,010	1,550	1,460	11,890	6,105	5,790
In the top half of the distribution	6,435	3,395	3,040	45,535	23,910	21,630
In the sixth decile	2,280	1,180	1,100	11,820	6,160	5,655
In the seventh decile	1,905	1,000	900	11,250	5,875	5,380
In the eighth decile	1,240	685	560	9,910	5,175	4,735
In the ninth decile	600	310	285	7,670	4,095	3,570
In the top decile	415	220	195	4,890	2,600	2,290
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	21,890	11,300	10,595	99,420	50,375	49,045
0 to 17 years	4,520	2,350	2,165	20,370	10,395	9,975
0 to 5 years	1,535	810	725	6,925	3,545	3,375
18 to 64 years	13,165	6,760	6,405	62,500	31,885	30,610
65 years and over	4,210	2,190	2,020	16,555	8,095	8,460
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	3,700	1,880	1,825	13,380	6,155	7,220
0 to 17 years	700	365	330	2,245	1,140	1,105
0 to 5 years	220	115	105	745	360	380
18 to 64 years	1,940	1,025	910	7,295	3,480	3,815
65 years and over	1,065	490	575	3,835	1,535	2,295
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.9	16.6	17.2	13.5	12.2	14.7
0 to 17 years (%)	15.5	15.5	15.2	11.0	11.0	11.1
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	14.2	14.5	10.8	10.2	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	15.2	14.2	11.7	10.9	12.5
65 years and over (%)	25.3	22.4	28.5	23.2	19.0	27.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	1,025	580	445	4,585	2,340	2,245
0 to 17 years	175	90	85	685	345	335
0 to 5 years	50	25	25	220	105	115
18 to 64 years	785	455	335	3,670	1,890	1,780
65 years and over	60	30	30	235	105	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	5.1	4.2	4.6	4.6	4.6
0 to 17 years (%)	3.9	3.8	3.9	3.4	3.3	3.4
0 to 5 years (%)	3.3	3.1	3.4	3.2	3.0	3.4
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	6.7	5.2	5.9	5.9	5.8
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	21,890	11,300	10,595	100,860	51,065	49,795
Official languages	21,885	11,300	10,595	100,835	51,050	49,785
English	7,865	4,190	3,670	29,765	17,000	12,760
French	21,160	10,925	10,235	99,365	50,345	49,015
Non-official languages	515	250	260	3,045	1,425	1,615
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	590	275	320
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	565	265	305
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	245	120	120
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	25	10	20
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	200	110	90
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	380	185	195
Algonquin	0	0	0	375	185	195
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	10	0	25	0	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	10	0	20	0	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	510	245	260	2,460	1,160	1,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	410	215	200
Berber languages	20	10	10	55	30	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	35	15	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	20	15	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	20	380	190	180
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	15	380	195	185
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	20	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	430	210	220	1,710	805	905
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	110	70	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	0	10	105	65	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	50	30	20
Russian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	25	10	190	100	90
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	20	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	25	10	160	75	80
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	30	20	15	20	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	10	15	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	0	10	15	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	370	175	195	1,435	650	785
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	10	150	60	85
Portuguese	0	0	0	60	30	35
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Spanish	340	150	185	1,310	595	720
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	100	50	50
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	20	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	0	0	0	25	10	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	10	60	15	45
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	20
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	45	15	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	80	45	40
Chinese languages	15	0	10	80	45	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	0	10	50	25	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	21,895	11,300	10,595	100,860	51,070	49,790
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	21,770	11,255	10,520	100,325	50,795	49,530
Canadian citizens aged under 18	4,470	2,350	2,120	20,655	10,540	10,115
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	17,305	8,905	8,395	79,665	40,250	39,415
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	120	45	80	535	275	265
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	21,890	11,300	10,595	100,860	51,065	49,795
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	21,460	11,095	10,360	99,420	50,385	49,035
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	410	185	220	1,270	580	695
Before 1981	160	80	80	255	130	125
1981 to 1990	35	10	25	145	70	75
1991 to 2000	115	60	60	180	75	100
2001 to 2010	85	30	55	385	165	220
2001 to 2005	30	10	20	140	65	75
2006 to 2010	55	15	40	245	100	145
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	10	310	145	170
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	30	20	10	170	105	65
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	405	185	225	1,275	585	695
Under 5 years	70	30	35	235	85	155
5 to 14 years	80	40	40	200	95	105
15 to 24 years	80	30	55	190	65	125
25 to 44 years	155	75	80	600	315	285
45 years and over	20	10	10	40	15	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	405	185	220	1,275	585	695
Americas	120	50	75	220	80	140
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	75	35	50
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	25	0	20
Peru	10	0	10	20	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	95	40	50	70	40	35
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	20	10	10
Europe	200	90	110	445	220	225
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	95	40	60	210	100	110
Germany	10	0	0	55	20	35
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	10	10	10	30	15	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	10	10	10
Poland	0	0	0	15	10	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	10	15	15	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	55	35	20	70	40	30
Africa	35	25	10	390	215	180
Algeria	15	15	0	80	50	25
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	100	45	50
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	210	115	100
Asia	50	25	25	215	60	150
Afghanistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	10	90	10	85
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	50	20	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	10	310	145	165
Americas	0	0	0	35	20	15
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	80	45	40
France	0	0	0	40	15	15
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	30	15	15
Africa	10	10	0	165	85	80
Algeria	0	0	0	35	20	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	20	0	15
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	20	15	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	35	10	25
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	40	20	20
Asia	0	0	0	25	0	25
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	21,895	11,300	10,595	100,860	51,065	49,795
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	475	225	250	1,510	715	795
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	595	335	265	2,115	1,020	1,095
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	20,825	10,740	10,085	97,235	49,330	47,905
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	255	115	140	1,040	465	575
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	135	70	70	535	280	260
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	65	30	40	260	185	70
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	65	35	30	280	90	185
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	90	30	60	440	160	285
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	25	15	15	60	25	35
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	10	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	21,895	11,300	10,595	100,860	51,070	49,795
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	410	210	200	4,575	2,325	2,250
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	405	205	200	4,415	2,245	2,175
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	185	100	85	2,715	1,320	1,395
Métis	220	105	110	1,690	915	770
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	10	0	70	50	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	90	35	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	21,485	11,090	10,400	96,285	48,745	47,545
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	21,890	11,295	10,595	100,860	51,070	49,795
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	80	60	20	2,755	1,340	1,420
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	21,810	11,240	10,575	98,100	49,730	48,370
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	21,895	11,300	10,595	100,860	51,065	49,795
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	235	155	85	2,695	1,290	1,400
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	225	145	80	2,630	1,265	1,375
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	210	130	80	2,385	1,145	1,235
Métis single ancestry	15	15	0	240	115	125
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	0	60	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	10	0	45	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	925	440	485	4,860	2,455	2,400
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	895	420	480	4,740	2,390	2,350
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	770	365	405	3,955	2,020	1,940
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	125	60	75	760	355	405
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	15	0	120	65	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	20	10	120	60	55
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	20,735	10,705	10,030	93,305	47,315	45,985
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	21,895	11,300	10,595	100,860	51,070	49,795
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	190	85	100	1,210	550	660
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	15	10	10	30	10	20
Chinese	25	0	15	135	45	85
Black	50	35	15	475	230	245
Filipino	0	0	0	30	15	15
Latin American	20	10	15	95	15	80
Arab	30	15	20	330	175	150
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	20	10	15	60	25	35
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	20	10	10	30	15	10
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	10	25	10	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	21,705	11,210	10,495	99,650	50,515	49,130
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	21,895	11,300	10,595	100,860	51,065	49,795
North American Aboriginal origins	1,160	590	570	7,555	3,750	3,810
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,020	520	495	6,525	3,260	3,260
Inuit	0	0	0	50	25	25
Métis	180	100	80	1,170	560	605
Other North American origins	17,265	8,855	8,410	80,205	40,630	39,580
Acadian	80	40	40	330	165	165
American	180	75	105	585	285	300
Canadian	16,855	8,650	8,210	77,755	39,245	38,510
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Québécois	425	205	220	2,375	1,310	1,065
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	7,545	3,915	3,630	30,800	15,755	15,045
British Isles origins	2,830	1,420	1,410	7,300	3,420	3,880
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,295	585	715	1,560	745	820
Irish	1,510	800	710	4,765	2,165	2,595
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	940	420	520	1,825	920	910
Welsh	40	10	25	20	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	65	25	40	135	70	70
French origins	5,165	2,655	2,505	24,525	12,730	11,795
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	45	25	15	290	155	135
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	5,135	2,635	2,495	24,355	12,655	11,700
Western European origins (except French origins)	515	245	265	2,105	975	1,135
Austrian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	100	55	50	450	220	230
Dutch	70	25	40	130	65	70
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	285	125	165	1,390	645	740
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	85	50	35	130	45	85
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	95	55	40	250	140	110
Danish	40	20	15	50	30	15
Finnish	0	0	0	45	30	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	15	30	100	65	35
Swedish	10	10	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	10	0	0	45	10	35
Eastern European origins	115	60	55	950	485	460
Bulgarian	0	0	0	120	75	45
Byelorussian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	45	30	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	25	10	70	35	35
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	10	0	0	20	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	40	10	30	380	215	170
Romanian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Russian	10	10	0	55	30	25
Slovak	0	0	0	30	20	15
Ukrainian	25	15	15	245	110	140
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	330	175	155	1,260	665	595
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	15	10	80	30	50
Italian	280	150	130	790	450	340
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	10	10	110	50	55
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Spanish	20	0	15	205	80	130
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	50	40	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	20	10	0	200	105	95
Basque	0	0	0	50	35	20
Jewish	0	10	0	30	15	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	10	120	65	55
Caribbean origins	35	20	15	200	90	115
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	30	15	10	0	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	20	0	15
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	185	75	105
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	25	0	25	175	55	120
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	30	10	20
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	40	15	30
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	70	25	45
Salvadorean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	65	35	30	750	415	335
Central and West African origins	15	0	10	220	130	95
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	25	20	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	20	20	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	10	0	0	40	25	15
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Senegalese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	50	10	35
North African origins	25	10	20	430	250	180
Algerian	20	10	15	90	40	50
Berber	0	0	0	65	35	30
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	10	155	100	55
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	125	75	50
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	55	15	40
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	0	15
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	20	15	0	70	40	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	15	10	65	40	30
Asian origins	115	65	50	560	220	340
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	55	45	10	210	90	120
Afghan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	65	20	40
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0	30	15	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	105	40	65
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	0	0	0	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	10	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	15	10	10	80	40	40
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	15	10	0	75	40	35
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	35	10	25	280	100	175
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese	25	0	15	180	65	120
Filipino	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	0	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	25	15	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	10
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
Owner	7,485	...	...	31,730	...	...
Renter	2,095	...	...	13,595	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
Condominium	185	...	...	2,215	...	...
Not condominium	9,395	...	...	43,315	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	110	...	...
1 bedroom	795	...	...	5,315	...	...
2 bedrooms	2,725	...	...	12,430	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,580	...	...	15,585	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,465	...	...	12,100	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,030	...	...	12,495	...	...
5 rooms	1,815	...	...	8,030	...	...
6 rooms	1,570	...	...	5,935	...	...
7 rooms	1,385	...	...	5,890	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,785	...	...	13,190	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
One person or fewer per room	9,565	...	...	45,410	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	9,585	...	...	45,535	...	...
Suitable	9,380	...	...	44,820	...	...
Not suitable	200	...	...	715	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
1960 or before	3,835	...	...	14,210	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,575	...	...	14,910	...	...
1981 to 1990	995	...	...	7,350	...	...
1991 to 2000	845	...	...	4,430	...	...
2001 to 2005	405	...	...	1,010	...	...
2006 to 2010	425	...	...	1,460	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	505	...	...	2,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	8,610	...	...	41,580	...	...
Major repairs needed	975	...	...	3,955	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
1 household maintainer	6,175	...	...	29,895	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,350	...	...	15,400	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	55	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	9,580	...	...	45,535	...	...
15 to 24 years	205	...	...	1,990	...	...
25 to 34 years	990	...	...	6,440	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,615	...	...	7,045	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,680	...	...	8,315	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,370	...	...	10,405	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,695	...	...	7,025	...	...
75 to 84 years	805	...	...	3,325	...	...
85 years and over	220	...	...	995	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	9,235	...	...	44,590	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	7,530	...	...	38,005	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,705	...	...	6,585	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,585	...	...	5,935	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	7,160	...	...	31,075	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.4	...	...	56.3	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.6	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	767	...	...	739	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	848	...	...	861	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,345	...	...	180,158	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	187,414	...	...	196,626	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	2,085	...	...	13,535	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.5	...	...	8.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	31.9	...	...	28.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	536	...	...	600	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	628	...	...	627	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	18,090	9,315	8,780	83,370	42,155	41,215
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,115	2,860	2,260	22,885	12,285	10,600
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,000	1,925	2,075	16,175	7,160	9,020
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,980	4,530	4,445	44,300	22,710	21,595
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,615	2,815	1,795	19,865	12,700	7,165
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,240	1,720	1,520	14,660	8,540	6,120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,375	1,090	280	5,200	4,160	1,045
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,525	975	1,545	12,410	5,410	7,000
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	400	165	240	2,635	890	1,750
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,445	580	870	9,395	3,715	5,685
Bachelor's degree	950	370	580	6,905	2,575	4,335
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	120	35	85	685	275	415
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	55	25	30	325	140	190
Master's degree	230	115	115	1,255	590	665
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	90	25	60	225	140	85
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	11,730	5,950	5,775	55,215	28,155	27,060
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,530	1,455	1,075	11,010	6,245	4,770
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,450	1,190	1,260	9,445	4,275	5,175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,745	3,305	3,440	34,755	17,640	17,110
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,570	2,070	1,495	15,880	9,955	5,920
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,565	1,305	1,260	11,805	6,680	5,120
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,000	760	240	4,075	3,275	800
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,850	740	1,105	9,145	4,095	5,045
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	225	85	145	1,830	615	1,215
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,100	410	690	7,900	2,975	4,930
Bachelor's degree	735	275	460	5,820	2,100	3,720
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	85	20	65	535	180	355
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	40	10	30	310	120	185
Master's degree	165	80	80	1,050	455	595
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	15	55	185	115	70
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	18,095	9,315	8,780	83,370	42,155	41,215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	9,115	4,785	4,335	39,065	19,440	19,625
Education	560	130	430	3,860	745	3,110
13. Education	555	130	425	3,860	750	3,110
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	180	75	110	815	320	495
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	20	30	140	100	35
50. Visual and performing arts	130	50	80	680	220	460
Humanities	320	140	185	1,475	685	790
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	30	15	10	105	35	75
23. English language and literature/letters	10	0	10	15	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	170	60	115	1,000	420	575
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	40	35	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	15	15	115	85	30
54. History	35	25	10	80	55	20
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	15	115	55	70
Social and behavioural sciences and law	505	130	370	2,350	480	1,870
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	10	10	225	80	145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	25	185	750	25	725
22. Legal professions and studies	65	30	40	275	90	180
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	80	10	70
42. Psychology	70	15	60	630	120	510
45. Social sciences	100	50	60	355	150	205
Business, management and public administration	1,780	370	1,405	9,135	2,620	6,520
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	90	20	70	850	165	685
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,690	355	1,335	8,285	2,450	5,830
Physical and life sciences and technologies	175	90	90	895	480	420
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	30	60	205	80	130
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25	20	10	70	40	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	20	255	120	135
40. Physical sciences	20	25	0	310	220	90
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	50	20	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	100	65	30	575	345	230
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	95	65	30	435	315	120
25. Library science	0	0	0	110	0	105
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	10	30	25	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,635	2,545	85	13,175	12,430	745
04. Architecture and related services	15	20	0	125	70	60
14. Engineering	50	40	10	870	740	125
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	380	335	45	3,165	2,870	295
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	820	810	10	2,690	2,625	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	715	705	10	3,805	3,675	130
48. Precision production	655	640	15	2,520	2,450	70
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	485	355	135	2,305	1,725	580
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	360	255	105	720	435	285
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	100	30	1,580	1,285	290
Health and related fields	1,340	175	1,160	5,385	890	4,490
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	35	25	10	235	105	135
51. Health professions and related programs	1,290	150	1,135	5,050	735	4,320
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	10	95	55	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	885	440	445	4,310	1,975	2,330
12. Personal and culinary services	510	100	405	2,360	350	2,010
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	135	105	25	745	495	250
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	235	20	1,200	1,130	70
Other	10	10	0	25	10	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	10	20	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	11,725	5,955	5,775	55,215	28,155	27,060
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,985	2,650	2,335	20,455	10,515	9,945
Education	325	55	275	2,505	420	2,080
13. Education	330	55	275	2,505	420	2,080
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	130	45	85	640	260	380
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	10	15	105	75	30
50. Visual and performing arts	105	30	70	535	180	350
Humanities	205	90	110	910	430	485
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	15	10	75	20	55
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	0	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	95	20	70	615	290	320
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	10	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	10	50	35	15
54. History	35	25	10	50	35	15
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	20	90	35	55
Social and behavioural sciences and law	425	100	325	1,910	380	1,530
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	30	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	180	55	125
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	190	20	170	605	20	590
22. Legal professions and studies	50	15	35	215	65	150
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	0	45	0	40
42. Psychology	75	10	60	525	95	430
45. Social sciences	70	30	45	310	135	175
Business, management and public administration	1,385	265	1,115	7,560	1,990	5,575
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	20	50	700	120	580
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,315	250	1,065	6,855	1,860	4,990
Physical and life sciences and technologies	125	75	50	530	305	225
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	70	30	35	165	70	95
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	20	20	0	30	15	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	10	0	30	20	15
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	255	180	80
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	45	20	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	60	25	510	295	215
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	65	25	410	290	115
25. Library science	0	0	0	90	0	90
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	10	15	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,910	1,855	60	10,590	9,945	650
04. Architecture and related services	20	20	0	105	45	60
14. Engineering	45	45	10	800	690	115
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	280	245	35	2,515	2,270	245
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	495	495	0	2,060	2,000	55
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	560	560	10	3,095	2,980	110
48. Precision production	510	500	10	2,010	1,950	60
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	380	255	120	1,830	1,330	500
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	270	175	95	565	340	225
03. Natural resources and conservation	105	80	25	1,265	990	275
Health and related fields	1,020	125	900	4,265	735	3,535
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	10	0	195	80	115
51. Health professions and related programs	995	110	885	3,975	595	3,375
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	10	95	55	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	740	370	370	3,475	1,550	1,930
12. Personal and culinary services	405	80	325	1,975	285	1,680
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	115	95	25	565	375	185
49. Transportation and materials moving	215	200	15	940	885	60
Other	15	10	10	25	10	15
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	25	10	15
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	18,095	9,315	8,780	83,370	42,155	41,215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,120	4,785	4,335	39,065	19,445	19,620
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	8,975	4,530	4,445	44,305	22,715	21,590
Location of study inside Canada	8,790	4,440	4,350	43,820	22,445	21,370
Same as province or territory of residence	8,700	4,400	4,295	41,615	21,340	20,275
Different than province or territory of residence	95	40	55	2,200	1,105	1,095
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	185	90	100	485	265	220
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	55	20	35	50	20	30
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	20	10	10	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	15	10	10
France	60	35	25	145	100	45
Other	45	25	20	260	125	135
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	11,725	5,950	5,775	55,215	28,155	27,055
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,980	2,650	2,335	20,460	10,515	9,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,740	3,305	3,440	34,755	17,640	17,110
Location of study inside Canada	6,600	3,240	3,360	34,345	17,410	16,935
Same as province or territory of residence	6,535	3,215	3,325	32,725	16,625	16,100
Different than province or territory of residence	70	25	40	1,620	790	835
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	140	60	75	410	230	180
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	10	20	25	0	25
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	10	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	10	10	0
France	50	30	20	115	80	30
Other	35	15	20	245	125	120
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	18,090	9,315	8,780	83,365	42,155	41,210
In the labour force	10,935	5,905	5,030	52,035	28,080	23,960
Employed	10,195	5,455	4,740	47,900	25,300	22,600
Unemployed	745	445	295	4,145	2,780	1,365
Not in the labour force	7,160	3,410	3,750	31,325	14,075	17,255
Participation rate	60.4	63.4	57.3	62.4	66.6	58.1
Employment rate	56.4	58.6	54.0	57.5	60.0	54.8
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.5	5.9	8.0	9.9	5.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	18,095	9,315	8,780	83,365	42,155	41,215
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,665	3,080	3,585	27,685	12,125	15,560
Worked	11,435	6,240	5,195	55,685	30,030	25,655
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	5,480	3,120	2,365	25,000	14,180	10,825
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	5,950	3,120	2,830	30,680	15,850	14,830
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	42.5	43.6	41.2	41.1	41.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	10,935	5,905	5,030	52,040	28,080	23,960
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	240	130	115	815	410	405
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,695	5,775	4,915	51,225	27,670	23,555
Employee	8,930	4,570	4,365	46,535	25,055	21,485
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,760	1,210	555	4,690	2,620	2,075
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	10,935	5,900	5,030	52,035	28,080	23,960
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	245	125	115	815	405	405
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,695	5,780	4,920	51,230	27,675	23,555
0 Management occupations	1,145	810	335	4,270	2,600	1,670
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,185	220	965	6,880	1,805	5,075
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	275	205	75	2,525	1,970	560
3 Health occupations	815	105	715	3,510	560	2,950
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,070	270	805	6,050	1,305	4,740
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	60	100	875	315	560
6 Sales and service occupations	2,030	675	1,355	11,255	4,370	6,885
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,440	2,330	115	10,320	9,760	565
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	465	365	100	3,500	3,280	220
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,095	740	355	2,040	1,700	340
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	10,935	5,900	5,035	52,035	28,080	23,955
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	245	130	115	815	405	405
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,690	5,775	4,915	51,230	27,675	23,555
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,000	730	275	2,250	1,755	490
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	55	50	10	4,690	4,335	350
22 Utilities	45	30	10	920	750	170
23 Construction	1,035	915	120	3,745	3,250	495
31-33 Manufacturing	1,915	1,375	535	4,365	3,455	915
41 Wholesale trade	260	200	55	1,360	1,060	300
44-45 Retail trade	900	365	540	6,560	2,950	3,615
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	570	475	95	2,255	1,700	555
51 Information and cultural industries	45	15	25	440	230	210
52 Finance and insurance	195	50	145	1,030	275	755
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	75	55	20	430	290	135
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	340	110	230	1,585	800	785
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	340	205	130	1,655	930	725
61 Educational services	695	200	490	3,650	850	2,800
62 Health care and social assistance	1,585	240	1,340	7,185	1,110	6,080
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	130	50	85	510	200	310
72 Accommodation and food services	595	170	435	3,050	1,015	2,030
81 Other services (except public administration)	530	315	215	2,580	1,310	1,270
91 Public administration	400	230	170	2,965	1,405	1,565
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,195	5,455	4,735	47,900	25,300	22,595
Worked at home	1,145	675	470	2,750	1,315	1,440
Worked outside Canada	25	10	10	50	50	10
No fixed workplace address	1,290	1,065	230	4,270	3,515	755
Worked at usual place	7,730	3,705	4,025	40,820	20,420	20,400
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	7,735	3,705	4,030	40,820	20,420	20,400
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,835	945	885	26,505	12,160	14,345
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,400	645	750	8,490	3,975	4,515
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,480	2,105	2,370	5,320	3,860	1,455
Commute to a different province or territory	25	10	15	515	425	80
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	9,025	4,770	4,255	45,090	23,935	21,155
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,100	4,300	3,795	36,995	19,540	17,450
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	330	160	165	2,035	965	1,070
Public transit	20	15	10	680	485	195
Walked	510	240	270	3,845	1,640	2,205
Bicycle	0	0	0	235	175	60
Other method	60	50	10	1,300	1,135	170
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	9,020	4,765	4,255	45,090	23,935	21,150
Less than 15 minutes	2,875	1,460	1,415	23,130	10,945	12,185
15 to 29 minutes	3,035	1,435	1,605	11,655	5,685	5,970
30 to 44 minutes	2,045	1,190	855	4,525	2,665	1,860
45 to 59 minutes	625	355	270	1,925	1,345	580
60 minutes and over	445	320	115	3,850	3,295	555
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	9,025	4,765	4,255	45,090	23,935	21,155
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	665	540	130	3,760	3,140	625
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,240	1,555	685	5,940	4,390	1,555
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,060	1,410	1,645	15,340	7,730	7,610
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,245	435	810	9,695	3,380	6,315
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	545	175	365	3,165	980	2,185
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,270	655	620	7,185	4,320	2,865
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,790	6,405	5,390	57,245	30,815	26,425
Single responses	11,420	6,230	5,190	56,050	30,105	25,945
Official languages	11,415	6,220	5,195	56,025	30,090	25,925
English	925	535	390	2,105	1,260	845
French	10,495	5,690	4,805	53,915	28,835	25,085
Non-official languages	0	10	0	25	10	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	375	175	200	1,200	710	485
English and French	365	170	195	1,130	685	450
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	0	15
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,795	6,405	5,390	57,245	30,815	26,425
None	9,190	5,115	4,070	46,825	24,715	22,115
English	2,100	1,005	1,095	9,190	5,330	3,860
French	465	255	215	1,100	720	380
Non-official language	30	20	10	80	35	50
Aboriginal	0	0	0	35	0	30
Non-Aboriginal	30	20	15	50	30	20
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	0	40	15	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	21,670	11,185	10,485	99,785	50,480	49,300
Non-movers	19,775	10,265	9,505	88,890	45,175	43,715
Movers	1,890	915	975	10,895	5,305	5,590
Non-migrants	750	355	390	6,980	3,415	3,555
Migrants	1,145	560	580	3,915	1,890	2,030
Internal migrants	1,140	560	585	3,820	1,840	1,980
Intraprovincial migrants	1,120	545	575	3,580	1,700	1,885
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	240	140	95
External migrants	0	0	0	95	45	50
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	20,710	10,680	10,030	95,120	48,165	46,950
Non-movers	14,900	7,795	7,105	65,260	33,265	31,995
Movers	5,810	2,880	2,925	29,855	14,900	14,955
Non-migrants	2,105	1,065	1,045	17,805	8,920	8,890
Migrants	3,705	1,820	1,885	12,050	5,985	6,070
Internal migrants	3,690	1,810	1,880	11,650	5,790	5,855
Intraprovincial migrants	3,645	1,785	1,865	10,925	5,400	5,520
Interprovincial migrants	40	25	15	725	395	335
External migrants	15	10	0	405	190	210

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Le Haut-Saint-François, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Le Haut-Saint-François, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Le Haut-Saint-François, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Le Haut-Saint-François, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Abitibi--Témiscamingue [Federal electoral district], Quebec