Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Tecumseh, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, MRC Quebec [Census division]			Tecumseh, T Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Map : Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Tecumseh, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	52,741	...	...	23,229	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	52,520	...	...	23,610	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.4	...	...	-1.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	25,450	...	...	8,987	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	22,909	...	...	8,884	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	19.0	...	...	245.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,779.97	...	...	94.64	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	52,740	26,450	26,290	23,230	11,245	11,985
0 to 14 years	8,540	4,335	4,200	3,525	1,785	1,740
0 to 4 years	2,745	1,425	1,325	955	480	480
5 to 9 years	3,050	1,555	1,495	1,165	600	565
10 to 14 years	2,740	1,355	1,380	1,400	700	700
15 to 64 years	33,370	17,050	16,325	15,240	7,400	7,840
15 to 19 years	2,630	1,345	1,280	1,545	765	775
20 to 24 years	2,725	1,395	1,330	1,465	735	730
25 to 29 years	2,670	1,350	1,315	1,105	580	525
30 to 34 years	3,055	1,560	1,500	985	480	510
35 to 39 years	3,195	1,655	1,540	1,095	515	575
40 to 44 years	2,690	1,385	1,305	1,470	690	780
45 to 49 years	2,780	1,445	1,335	1,690	815	875
50 to 54 years	4,225	2,135	2,090	1,980	920	1,060
55 to 59 years	5,005	2,515	2,490	2,145	1,040	1,105
60 to 64 years	4,400	2,260	2,140	1,770	870	900
65 years and over	10,835	5,070	5,765	4,465	2,055	2,405
65 to 69 years	3,440	1,755	1,680	1,615	755	855
70 to 74 years	2,680	1,285	1,395	1,115	560	555
75 to 79 years	1,955	885	1,070	725	355	375
80 to 84 years	1,455	605	850	490	225	270
85 years and over	1,300	525	770	520	165	355
85 to 89 years	900	375	530	320	125	200
90 to 94 years	340	135	205	150	30	115
95 to 99 years	55	20	35	35	5	35
100 years and over	10	5	5	10	5	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	16.4	16.0	15.2	15.9	14.5
15 to 64 years	63.3	64.5	62.1	65.6	65.8	65.4
65 years and over	20.5	19.2	21.9	19.2	18.3	20.1
85 years and over	2.5	2.0	2.9	2.2	1.5	3.0
Average age of the population	43.8	43.1	44.4	43.3	42.5	44.1
Median age of the population	46.6	45.7	47.6	46.2	45.4	47.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	22,905	...	...	8,885	...	...
Single-detached house	13,845	...	...	7,190	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	65	...	...	460	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,880	...	...	1,230	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,440	...	...	465	...	...
Row house	345	...	...	450	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,835	...	...	65	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,070	...	...	250	...	...
Other single-attached house	195	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	115	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
1 person	7,095	...	...	1,860	...	...
2 persons	8,990	...	...	3,235	...	...
3 persons	2,960	...	...	1,465	...	...
4 persons	2,550	...	...	1,575	...	...
5 or more persons	1,315	...	...	745	...	...
Number of persons in private households	51,175	...	...	23,035	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	44,205	22,115	22,090	19,705	9,460	10,245
Married or living common law	27,425	13,660	13,765	12,210	6,090	6,120
Married	16,220	8,085	8,135	11,190	5,590	5,600
Living common law	11,200	5,575	5,630	1,020	500	525
Not married and not living common law	16,775	8,455	8,325	7,490	3,370	4,125
Never married	10,505	6,130	4,375	4,850	2,580	2,275
Separated	545	285	260	445	180	270
Divorced	2,875	1,320	1,550	1,000	375	625
Widowed	2,860	720	2,140	1,200	235	960
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	15,425	...	...	7,040	...	...
2 persons	8,925	...	...	3,410	...	...
3 persons	2,840	...	...	1,480	...	...
4 persons	2,485	...	...	1,555	...	...
5 or more persons	1,170	...	...	600	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	15,425	...	...	7,045	...	...
Total couple families	13,430	...	...	6,025	...	...
Married couples	7,835	...	...	5,515	...	...
Common-law couples	5,590	...	...	510	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,995	...	...	1,015	...	...
Female parent	1,425	...	...	780	...	...
Male parent	565	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	13,430	...	...	6,025	...	...
Couples without children	7,710	...	...	2,845	...	...
Couples with children	5,720	...	...	3,185	...	...
1 child	2,250	...	...	1,150	...	...
2 children	2,325	...	...	1,460	...	...
3 or more children	1,140	...	...	580	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,990	...	...	1,015	...	...
1 child	1,220	...	...	570	...	...
2 children	590	...	...	335	...	...
3 or more children	190	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	8,690	4,625	4,060	2,415	990	1,425
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	22,910	...	...	8,880	...	...
One-census-family households	15,235	...	...	6,775	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,615	...	...	2,725	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	7,625	...	...	4,050	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	90	...	...	130	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,580	...	...	1,975	...	...
One-person households	7,090	...	...	1,860	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	485	...	...	115	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	52,085	26,175	25,905	23,035	11,190	11,845
English only	20	10	5	19,880	9,870	10,010
French only	43,770	21,260	22,515	15	5	10
English and French	8,270	4,890	3,375	2,990	1,265	1,720
Neither English nor French	25	20	5	155	50	100
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	52,080	26,175	25,905	23,035	11,195	11,850
English	185	105	80	22,000	10,750	11,250
French	51,840	26,035	25,805	775	340	435
English and French	30	20	15	110	50	60
Neither English nor French	25	15	5	150	50	100
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	205	115	90	830	365	465
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.4	0.4	0.3	3.6	3.3	3.9
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	52,080	26,175	25,905	23,035	11,190	11,845
Single responses	51,945	26,100	25,845	22,600	10,980	11,620
Official languages	51,705	25,970	25,730	18,940	9,250	9,695
English	180	105	80	18,095	8,870	9,220
French	51,520	25,870	25,655	855	375	475
Non-official languages	245	130	115	3,660	1,730	1,925
Aboriginal languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Atikamekw	45	25	20	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	195	100	95	3,655	1,735	1,925
Afro-Asiatic languages	20	10	5	435	220	215
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	435	220	215
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	330	170	160
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	50	20	25
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	25	15	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	10	5	5	25	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	125	45	80
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	110	40	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	45	50	2,785	1,325	1,460
Albanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Armenian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	5	1,135	545	590
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	10	0	5	1,130	545	580
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Croatian	0	0	5	310	160	150
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	130	70	60
Polish	0	0	0	230	105	125
Russian	5	5	5	55	20	30
Serbian	0	0	0	240	120	120
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	55	20	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	195	80	110
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	10	5	5	135	55	85
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	65	40	25
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	0	235	125	110
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	230	120	110
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	165	90	75
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	35	1,095	515	580
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	760	365	395
Portuguese	5	0	0	45	15	30
Romanian	0	5	0	180	85	90
Spanish	50	20	30	110	45	60
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	10	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	10	5	10	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	5	115	55	55
Chinese languages	20	10	5	115	55	60
Cantonese	5	5	0	65	35	30
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	25	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	5	0	80	30	50
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	5	0	75	25	50
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	135	70	60	435	210	225
English and French	95	50	45	155	80	70
English and non-official language	0	0	0	250	115	135
French and non-official language	40	20	15	25	5	15
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	15	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	52,080	26,175	25,905	23,035	11,195	11,850
Single responses	51,900	26,080	25,825	22,265	10,830	11,435
Official languages	51,790	26,015	25,775	21,000	10,240	10,760
English	80	40	40	20,765	10,140	10,625
French	51,705	25,970	25,730	230	105	130
Non-official languages	115	65	45	1,260	585	675
Aboriginal languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	30	20	15	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	75	45	35	1,260	590	680
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	170	75	95
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	0	175	75	95
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	5	0	130	55	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	20	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	55	25	35
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	40	20	25	885	415	470
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	5	5	5	365	175	190
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	5	0	5	365	175	190
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	80	35	45
Czech	0	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Polish	0	0	0	80	35	40
Russian	5	0	0	20	5	15
Serbian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	5	5	5	130	65	70
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	130	60	65
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	90	50	45
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	15	15	315	150	170
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	180	75	100
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	75	35	35
Spanish	30	15	15	45	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	15	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	5	0	55	30	30
Chinese languages	10	10	5	55	30	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	5	5	15	10	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	180	100	80	770	365	410
English and French	100	60	40	75	35	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	680	320	360
French and non-official language	70	35	30	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	15	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	52,080	26,175	25,905	23,040	11,195	11,845
None	50,995	25,565	25,425	20,390	9,975	10,410
English	870	500	375	690	330	360
French	100	50	50	610	240	370
Non-official language	95	55	40	1,290	620	675
Aboriginal	5	0	5	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	90	50	40	1,290	620	670
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	20	10	10	15	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	42,650	21,530	21,115	19,510	9,410	10,105
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,450	21,070	20,375	18,745	9,060	9,685
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,735	39,942	24,034	42,440	51,214	34,627
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	41,465	21,070	20,395	18,755	9,060	9,690
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,447	34,843	22,528	37,800	44,606	31,255
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	36,235	19,215	17,020	17,625	8,640	8,985
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,443	35,204	20,355	38,567	47,703	30,388
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,945	15,900	17,040	13,215	5,890	7,325
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,808	8,765	8,848	5,882	5,648	6,091
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,800	15,815	12,980	14,485	7,545	6,935
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,281	35,650	21,984	35,661	42,176	31,213
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	42,645	21,535	21,120	19,545	9,420	10,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,440	21,025	20,415	18,740	9,045	9,695
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,097	47,063	30,892	55,218	67,622	43,647
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	41,460	21,030	20,430	18,765	9,050	9,715
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,750	38,550	26,782	45,996	55,450	37,189
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	36,285	19,220	17,070	17,695	8,580	9,115
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,993	43,708	27,305	52,649	65,851	40,222
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,640	15,645	16,990	13,150	5,850	7,300
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,627	9,560	9,689	7,853	7,980	7,751
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,800	15,790	13,015	14,555	7,555	7,000
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,426	42,809	28,682	50,190	58,628	41,081
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	42,650	21,530	21,115	19,545	9,420	10,120
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,730	6,525	5,200	6,610	3,665	2,940
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,897	53,028	37,496	64,499	72,403	54,630
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,693	62,228	42,985	74,715	84,534	62,476
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.5	84.6	73.9	90.1	92.7	86.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.9	68.2	59.8	69.2	70.9	66.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	19.5	15.4	26.1	9.9	7.4	13.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	42,645	21,530	21,115	19,515	9,405	10,105
Without total income	1,200	460	740	765	345	425
With total income	41,450	21,070	20,380	18,745	9,065	9,680
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.9	96.5	96.1	96.4	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	4,910	1,670	3,235	2,250	870	1,380
$10,000 to $19,999	8,270	3,055	5,210	2,505	890	1,615
$20,000 to $29,999	6,530	2,780	3,750	2,105	790	1,315
$30,000 to $39,999	5,800	3,045	2,760	1,945	820	1,130
$40,000 to $49,999	5,095	3,025	2,070	2,095	1,040	1,060
$50,000 to $59,999	3,595	2,330	1,265	1,645	850	795
$60,000 to $69,999	2,100	1,400	705	1,270	670	600
$70,000 to $79,999	1,595	950	640	1,035	605	425
$80,000 to $89,999	995	720	270	870	505	365
$90,000 to $99,999	810	630	180	865	455	410
$100,000 and over	1,760	1,465	295	2,145	1,565	585
$100,000 to $149,999	1,380	1,175	205	1,445	1,000	445
$150,000 and over	375	285	90	705	565	145
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,650	21,530	21,115	19,515	9,405	10,105
Without after-tax income	1,180	460	725	755	340	410
With after-tax income	41,465	21,075	20,395	18,755	9,065	9,695
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.9	96.6	96.1	96.4	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,165	1,700	3,465	2,370	890	1,480
$10,000 to $19,999	8,660	3,215	5,445	2,650	925	1,720
$20,000 to $29,999	8,055	3,695	4,365	2,430	935	1,495
$30,000 to $39,999	7,330	4,140	3,190	2,530	1,185	1,350
$40,000 to $49,999	5,200	3,345	1,855	2,370	1,195	1,175
$50,000 to $59,999	2,835	1,825	1,010	1,705	915	790
$60,000 to $69,999	1,735	1,155	580	1,320	815	510
$70,000 to $79,999	1,125	895	225	1,165	655	515
$80,000 and over	1,355	1,110	250	2,210	1,560	655
$80,000 to $89,999	565	475	85	705	445	265
$90,000 to $99,999	285	240	40	400	280	120
$100,000 and over	505	385	120	1,100	835	270
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	42,650	21,530	21,115	19,510	9,405	10,105
Without employment income	13,845	5,710	8,135	5,025	1,855	3,170
With employment income	28,800	15,815	12,980	14,485	7,550	6,940
Percentage with employment income	67.5	73.5	61.5	74.2	80.3	68.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,990	2,150	1,845	2,695	1,580	1,115
$5,000 to $9,999	2,475	1,020	1,460	1,080	455	630
$10,000 to $19,999	4,590	1,890	2,695	1,580	670	915
$20,000 to $29,999	3,950	1,825	2,120	1,225	500	725
$30,000 to $39,999	3,505	1,860	1,650	1,175	470	700
$40,000 to $49,999	2,810	1,735	1,075	1,120	450	670
$50,000 to $59,999	2,085	1,405	680	950	490	460
$60,000 to $69,999	1,345	895	450	785	410	375
$70,000 to $79,999	1,260	765	500	760	445	315
$80,000 and over	2,785	2,270	515	3,120	2,080	1,035
$80,000 to $89,999	780	590	185	680	405	275
$90,000 to $99,999	655	520	135	720	355	365
$100,000 and over	1,355	1,160	195	1,715	1,315	395
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	22,905	...	...	8,885	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	58,076	...	...	94,519	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	51,031	...	...	81,067	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,095	...	...	1,860	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,885	...	...	46,933	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,377	...	...	41,259	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	15,815	...	...	7,025	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,944	...	...	111,738	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,933	...	...	94,515	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,725	...	...	116,479	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,270	...	...	97,140	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,080	...	...	1,835	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,323	...	...	56,905	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,852	...	...	47,056	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	15,825	...	...	7,055	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,116	...	...	131,965	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,984	...	...	110,160	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
Under $5,000	150	...	...	55	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	295	...	...	45	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	800	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,255	...	...	120	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,165	...	...	200	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,000	...	...	200	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,450	...	...	225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,195	...	...	255	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,190	...	...	295	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,160	...	...	305	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,220	...	...	635	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,890	...	...	645	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,620	...	...	590	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,400	...	...	560	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,165	...	...	505	...	...
$100,000 and over	4,940	...	...	4,175	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,140	...	...	1,105	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,320	...	...	960	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,035	...	...	1,190	...	...
$200,000 and over	440	...	...	920	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	22,910	...	...	8,880	...	...
Under $5,000	155	...	...	60	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	300	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	800	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,335	...	...	125	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,310	...	...	235	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,235	...	...	235	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,695	...	...	270	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,470	...	...	335	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,480	...	...	365	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,405	...	...	400	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,580	...	...	790	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,100	...	...	745	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,730	...	...	705	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,350	...	...	610	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,120	...	...	585	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,855	...	...	3,310	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,655	...	...	1,240	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	690	...	...	825	...	...
$150,000 and over	505	...	...	1,245	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	15,500	...	...	6,960	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,124	...	...	111,744	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,028	...	...	94,532	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,510	...	...	2,675	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,194	...	...	90,978	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	55,189	...	...	78,665	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,745	...	...	3,210	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,585	...	...	142,592	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	86,624	...	...	119,918	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,945	...	...	955	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,826	...	...	70,229	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,938	...	...	62,272	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	15,515	...	...	6,990	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,271	...	...	132,163	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,059	...	...	110,288	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,510	...	...	2,625	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,046	...	...	112,051	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,264	...	...	92,005	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,740	...	...	3,255	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,868	...	...	164,504	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,947	...	...	137,718	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,950	...	...	980	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,785	...	...	81,295	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,106	...	...	69,835	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	7,990	4,290	3,700	2,080	880	1,200
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,638	33,316	22,744	45,632	51,968	41,362
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,498	29,344	22,080	40,133	44,480	37,171
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	7,930	4,225	3,710	2,040	870	1,165
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,532	40,699	29,645	54,437	61,995	48,804
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	30,246	33,649	26,368	45,165	50,052	41,523
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	51,175	25,865	25,310	23,035	11,190	11,845
In the bottom half of the distribution	31,115	15,365	15,750	7,190	3,245	3,945
In the bottom decile	3,655	1,700	1,955	785	345	440
In the second decile	6,110	2,780	3,325	1,095	455	635
In the third decile	6,990	3,485	3,505	1,425	635	785
In the fourth decile	7,275	3,735	3,540	1,855	835	1,015
In the fifth decile	7,085	3,665	3,420	2,040	970	1,065
In the top half of the distribution	20,055	10,495	9,565	15,845	7,940	7,900
In the sixth decile	6,210	3,225	2,980	2,275	1,115	1,160
In the seventh decile	5,245	2,725	2,520	2,795	1,385	1,405
In the eighth decile	4,010	2,085	1,925	3,280	1,655	1,625
In the ninth decile	2,980	1,600	1,385	3,785	1,900	1,885
In the top decile	1,610	860	755	3,710	1,895	1,820
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	51,170	25,860	25,310	23,035	11,190	11,845
0 to 17 years	10,045	5,115	4,935	4,410	2,210	2,200
0 to 5 years	3,335	1,735	1,600	1,180	600	585
18 to 64 years	31,600	16,115	15,485	14,345	6,975	7,370
65 years and over	9,525	4,640	4,890	4,285	2,010	2,275
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,765	3,040	3,720	1,315	570	740
0 to 17 years	1,070	530	540	345	170	170
0 to 5 years	330	160	165	95	40	50
18 to 64 years	3,595	1,685	1,910	760	335	425
65 years and over	2,095	830	1,270	215	65	150
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.2	11.8	14.7	5.7	5.1	6.2
0 to 17 years (%)	10.7	10.4	10.9	7.8	7.7	7.7
0 to 5 years (%)	9.9	9.2	10.3	8.1	6.7	8.5
18 to 64 years (%)	11.4	10.5	12.3	5.3	4.8	5.8
65 years and over (%)	22.0	17.9	26.0	5.0	3.2	6.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,235	1,115	1,120	600	265	335
0 to 17 years	330	175	160	155	65	85
0 to 5 years	100	50	50	45	20	25
18 to 64 years	1,795	905	885	385	180	210
65 years and over	110	40	70	60	20	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.3	4.4	2.6	2.4	2.8
0 to 17 years (%)	3.3	3.4	3.2	3.5	2.9	3.9
0 to 5 years (%)	3.0	2.9	3.1	3.8	3.3	4.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.7	5.6	5.7	2.7	2.6	2.8
65 years and over (%)	1.2	0.9	1.4	1.4	1.0	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	51,170	25,860	25,310	23,070	11,185	11,885
Official languages	51,160	25,850	25,300	22,855	11,100	11,755
English	8,125	4,880	3,245	22,845	11,095	11,750
French	51,115	25,825	25,290	2,985	1,335	1,655
Non-official languages	865	365	500	4,575	2,175	2,400
Aboriginal languages	40	30	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	25	20	10	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	15	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	820	335	485	4,575	2,175	2,400
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	540	235	305
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	10	15	540	235	300
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arabic	25	10	15	460	210	255
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	65	30	40
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	10	10	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	10	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	15	0	165	75	90
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20	15	10	170	70	90
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	675	270	410	3,525	1,725	1,800
Albanian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	0	1,325	650	675
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,315	650	665
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Croatian	0	0	0	470	245	225
Czech	0	0	0	45	15	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	120	70	55
Polish	10	0	0	300	140	160
Russian	0	0	0	70	25	50
Serbian	0	0	0	260	140	115
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slovak	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	55	20	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	20	15	305	160	140
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	30	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
German	30	15	10	230	130	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	10	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	95	55	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	375	195	180
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	370	195	180
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	45	20	20
Hindi	0	0	0	120	65	55
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	235	125	115
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	70	45	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	650	255	400	1,470	695	780
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	40	10	1,025	500	530
Portuguese	20	10	10	50	25	30
Romanian	15	0	10	165	80	80
Spanish	595	220	370	285	125	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	25	15	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	50	25	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	15	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wolof	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	55	15	40	45	15	35
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	0	20
Quebec Sign Language	45	10	35	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	10	0	115	55	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	115	55	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	70	40	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	10	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	25	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	145	70	70
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	120	55	65
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	51,170	25,865	25,310	23,070	11,185	11,885
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	50,975	25,770	25,205	22,430	10,955	11,475
Canadian citizens aged under 18	10,065	5,200	4,865	4,385	2,145	2,240
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	40,905	20,570	20,335	18,050	8,815	9,235
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	195	95	105	640	225	415
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	51,170	25,860	25,310	23,070	11,185	11,885
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	50,660	25,640	25,020	18,980	9,300	9,680
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	450	180	265	4,020	1,835	2,180
Before 1981	80	55	25	2,100	1,000	1,100
1981 to 1990	20	10	15	565	225	335
1991 to 2000	90	35	60	700	325	375
2001 to 2010	160	55	100	455	200	260
2001 to 2005	60	20	35	270	125	145
2006 to 2010	100	35	65	185	75	110
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	100	30	65	200	80	115
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	65	40	25	70	45	25
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	450	185	265	4,020	1,840	2,180
Under 5 years	175	50	125	535	250	285
5 to 14 years	80	30	50	695	360	335
15 to 24 years	35	20	15	1,145	490	655
25 to 44 years	150	75	75	1,430	635	795
45 years and over	20	10	10	220	105	115
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	450	180	270	4,015	1,840	2,180
Americas	100	50	50	615	190	430
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	15	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	30	15	20
Guyana	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	30	20	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mexico	50	15	35	20	0	15
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	15	15	0	455	130	330
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	45	10	35
Europe	170	90	75	2,265	1,115	1,145
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	75	40	35
Croatia	0	0	0	315	155	160
France	65	35	25	25	0	15
Germany	0	0	0	65	20	40
Greece	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hungary	0	0	0	45	10	35
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Italy	30	20	10	530	280	245
Netherlands	0	0	0	25	10	10
Poland	0	0	0	180	85	100
Portugal	0	0	0	35	20	20
Romania	15	10	10	125	70	55
Russian Federation	10	10	10	0	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	80	45	35
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	430	205	220
Other places of birth in Europe	50	25	25	275	140	140
Africa	70	30	40	115	55	60
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	45	20	25
Other places of birth in Africa	50	15	40	35	25	15
Asia	110	10	100	1,015	475	540
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	80	0	85	80	30	55
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	225	105	120
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	140	70	75
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	30	10	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	120	65	55
Pakistan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Philippines	0	0	0	175	80	90
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	50	15	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	10	110	55	55
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	100	30	65	195	80	115
Americas	35	10	25	85	30	50
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	35	10	25	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	60	20	35
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	10	0
Europe	20	10	10	40	30	15
France	15	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	10	0	15	15	10
Africa	35	10	20	10	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	20	10	15	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	10	0	15	70	20	45
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	10
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	10	10	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	51,175	25,860	25,310	23,070	11,185	11,885
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	540	240	300	4,270	2,000	2,275
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	495	230	265	5,165	2,475	2,685
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	50,135	25,395	24,745	13,635	6,710	6,925
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	375	130	245	1,940	845	1,100
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	110	45	70	705	360	345
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	60	25	40	295	230	65
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	50	20	30	410	135	280
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	245	85	160	765	225	540
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	10	15	430	240	195
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	51,170	25,860	25,310	23,070	11,185	11,890
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,880	1,050	830	525	240	285
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,785	1,000	785	500	225	275
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	465	235	230	180	90	90
Métis	1,310	750	555	320	135	185
Inuk (Inuit)	20	15	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	25	10	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	49,290	24,810	24,480	22,550	10,945	11,605
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	51,170	25,860	25,310	23,070	11,180	11,885
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	595	310	285	145	85	55
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	50,575	25,550	25,025	22,925	11,100	11,825
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	51,170	25,860	25,310	23,070	11,185	11,885
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,205	665	540	75	35	40
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,185	655	530	70	30	45
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	675	350	320	50	10	35
Métis single ancestry	480	295	190	25	15	10
Inuit single ancestry	30	0	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	15	10	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	20	10	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,620	815	805	870	400	470
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,570	785	785	865	395	470
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,080	530	550	520	255	270
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	485	255	230	345	145	200
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	25	25	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	50	25	25	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	48,345	24,385	23,960	22,125	10,755	11,370
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	51,170	25,865	25,310	23,070	11,185	11,885
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	400	140	260	2,255	1,100	1,155
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	10	510	270	240
Chinese	95	10	85	225	95	125
Black	160	60	105	355	170	185
Filipino	30	20	10	300	150	150
Latin American	30	10	15	120	25	95
Arab	25	15	15	410	225	190
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	30	10	20	45	15	20
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	55	40	10
Korean	10	10	0	60	25	35
Japanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	85	35	45
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	10	105	50	55
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	50,775	25,720	25,050	20,815	10,080	10,735
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	51,170	25,860	25,310	23,070	11,185	11,890
North American Aboriginal origins	2,825	1,475	1,350	950	430	515
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,825	925	900	580	270	305
Inuit	35	0	35	0	0	0
Métis	1,040	590	455	375	165	205
Other North American origins	43,480	21,970	21,510	6,495	3,180	3,315
Acadian	195	80	110	10	10	10
American	85	40	45	355	145	205
Canadian	42,370	21,470	20,900	6,225	3,055	3,170
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	1,160	560	595	10	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	13,210	6,675	6,540	18,435	8,915	9,525
British Isles origins	1,940	885	1,055	9,415	4,525	4,890
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	325	160	165	5,095	2,440	2,655
Irish	1,095	470	625	4,265	2,045	2,230
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	700	335	365	3,235	1,545	1,695
Welsh	0	0	0	225	100	120
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	20	15	0	405	205	200
French origins	11,350	5,815	5,535	6,580	3,140	3,440
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	50	20	30	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	11,305	5,795	5,510	6,580	3,140	3,440
Western European origins (except French origins)	400	185	210	3,385	1,685	1,700
Austrian	10	0	10	125	65	60
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belgian	95	40	60	180	80	100
Dutch	55	30	25	580	240	340
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	205	100	110	2,650	1,365	1,280
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	45	25	15	40	20	25
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	60	25	35	370	155	220
Danish	0	0	0	90	35	55
Finnish	10	0	0	140	65	75
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	25	15	10	75	25	50
Swedish	15	10	10	45	20	25
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	0	15	20	0	20
Eastern European origins	175	95	75	3,640	1,725	1,915
Bulgarian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Byelorussian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	110	30	80
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	70	30	40
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	695	350	345
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Polish	85	55	30	1,415	630	785
Romanian	20	0	10	360	160	200
Russian	60	20	40	255	90	165
Slovak	0	0	0	220	115	110
Ukrainian	15	10	0	980	480	500
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	285	140	145	5,190	2,540	2,655
Albanian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	695	345	355
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	210	125	85
Italian	235	115	115	3,215	1,520	1,695
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	255	120	135
Maltese	0	0	0	65	35	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	10	20	165	75	90
Serbian	0	0	0	395	220	175
Sicilian	0	10	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	95	45	45
Spanish	20	10	10	210	115	100
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	105	50	50
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	65	25	45	60	25	35
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	60	15	40	35	20	15
Caribbean origins	45	20	20	195	80	120
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	10	0	30	10	30
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	120	50	75
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	85	30	55	165	50	110
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	20	10	20
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	85	35	55	70	30	40
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	170	55	115	305	155	150
Central and West African origins	75	25	50	10	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	20	10	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	50	20	30	50	35	10
Algerian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber	10	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	35	10	25	10	15	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	15	20	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	45	25	25
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	40	10	30	210	90	120
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	20	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	40	10	30	185	75	110
Asian origins	275	95	185	2,395	1,190	1,200
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	95	35	55	1,185	595	595
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	15	0	15	45	30	15
Armenian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Assyrian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	240	125	110
Israeli	0	0	0	20	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	80	35	45	610	280	325
Palestinian	0	0	0	90	40	45
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	115	50	60
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	30	10	20
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	565	300	265
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	10	485	255	235
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	55	30	25
Punjabi	0	0	0	45	20	25
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	180	55	115	675	330	350
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	100	10	90	265	130	135
Filipino	30	20	10	325	155	165
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	70	30	40
Laotian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	10	10	15	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	0	10	10	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	25	10	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	30	10	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	30	15	15
Australian	0	0	0	30	15	15
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
Owner	16,610	...	...	7,770	...	...
Renter	6,305	...	...	1,115	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
Condominium	1,255	...	...	490	...	...
Not condominium	21,655	...	...	8,395	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	2,010	...	...	355	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,715	...	...	1,220	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,970	...	...	4,250	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	6,200	...	...	3,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,845	...	...	880	...	...
5 rooms	3,810	...	...	770	...	...
6 rooms	3,285	...	...	1,230	...	...
7 rooms	3,255	...	...	1,355	...	...
8 or more rooms	6,710	...	...	4,645	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	7.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	22,905	...	...	8,885	...	...
One person or fewer per room	22,890	...	...	8,840	...	...
More than 1 person per room	20	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
Suitable	22,725	...	...	8,635	...	...
Not suitable	185	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
1960 or before	6,230	...	...	1,585	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,630	...	...	2,030	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,015	...	...	1,970	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,345	...	...	2,270	...	...
2001 to 2005	995	...	...	555	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,305	...	...	240	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,385	...	...	235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	22,910	...	...	8,880	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	21,630	...	...	8,485	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,280	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
1 household maintainer	14,750	...	...	4,815	...	...
2 household maintainers	8,055	...	...	3,970	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	100	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	22,910	...	...	8,885	...	...
15 to 24 years	580	...	...	50	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,005	...	...	630	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,290	...	...	1,345	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,960	...	...	1,985	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,705	...	...	2,230	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,770	...	...	1,575	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,090	...	...	740	...	...
85 years and over	510	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	22,700	...	...	8,810	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	19,320	...	...	7,725	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,375	...	...	1,085	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,185	...	...	920	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	16,410	...	...	7,705	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.2	...	...	53.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.2	...	...	8.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	840	...	...	974	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	890	...	...	1,144	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,979	...	...	278,759	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	186,748	...	...	313,778	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,290	...	...	1,110	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.8	...	...	8.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	27.0	...	...	39.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	531	...	...	997	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	580	...	...	1,219	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	42,645	21,535	21,115	19,550	9,420	10,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,055	4,605	4,450	2,610	1,195	1,415
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,055	3,600	4,450	5,555	2,740	2,815
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25,540	13,320	12,220	11,385	5,490	5,890
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,590	7,350	4,235	1,495	1,080	410
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	8,400	4,780	3,620	620	375	240
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,190	2,575	610	875	705	175
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,705	3,375	4,335	4,785	2,095	2,690
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,290	435	855	440	170	265
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,955	2,160	2,795	4,660	2,135	2,525
Bachelor's degree	3,825	1,615	2,205	3,255	1,385	1,875
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	355	170	180	395	190	210
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	140	70	75	140	105	35
Master's degree	590	275	315	775	420	355
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	30	15	95	45	50
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	27,785	14,085	13,700	12,230	5,855	6,380
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,140	2,155	1,980	625	315	315
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,150	1,930	2,225	3,010	1,555	1,460
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,500	10,005	9,495	8,595	3,985	4,605
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	9,205	5,705	3,500	875	665	215
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,720	3,740	2,975	295	190	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,490	1,965	525	585	470	110
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,685	2,470	3,215	3,775	1,605	2,170
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	770	265	500	310	125	185
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,845	1,565	2,275	3,630	1,595	2,035
Bachelor's degree	2,970	1,170	1,795	2,505	1,025	1,485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	250	105	150	305	140	165
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	120	55	60	95	70	25
Master's degree	485	215	270	640	330	315
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	15	10	80	35	50
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	42,650	21,535	21,115	19,545	9,425	10,120
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,105	8,210	8,895	8,165	3,930	4,230
Education	2,215	555	1,665	1,015	290	725
13. Education	2,215	555	1,665	1,015	295	720
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	415	185	235	235	95	140
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	75	40	40	30	25	0
50. Visual and performing arts	335	145	195	205	75	135
Humanities	960	420	540	425	160	270
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	10	50	60	25	35
23. English language and literature/letters	10	10	0	100	15	85
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	585	240	345	110	35	70
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	40	20	20	15	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	85	35	50	20	15	10
54. History	65	45	15	70	40	30
55. French language and literature/letters	110	55	60	45	10	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,300	275	1,020	1,195	365	830
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	20	0	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	15	50	150	80	65
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	600	25	575	225	0	215
22. Legal professions and studies	195	65	130	150	50	95
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	50	10	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	190	45	140	265	55	210
45. Social sciences	190	120	70	380	165	210
Business, management and public administration	4,915	1,340	3,575	2,155	890	1,260
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	405	50	355	200	20	175
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,495	1,285	3,210	1,940	865	1,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	485	325	160	390	205	185
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	105	80	25	145	60	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	70	55	10	95	40	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	150	65	90	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	125	105	20	115	85	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	20	10	35	10	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	505	310	190	295	160	130
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	400	265	135	235	140	95
25. Library science	75	20	55	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	25	20	10	40	25	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,295	6,885	405	2,665	2,545	120
04. Architecture and related services	135	55	75	55	55	0
14. Engineering	420	380	40	460	410	50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,430	1,275	160	575	535	40
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,790	1,765	25	490	485	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,865	1,825	40	420	415	0
48. Precision production	1,650	1,590	65	665	655	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,355	1,060	295	150	85	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	625	410	215	90	50	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	735	645	85	60	40	20
Health and related fields	3,370	560	2,810	2,105	375	1,730
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	150	90	60	165	85	80
51. Health professions and related programs	3,205	460	2,735	1,920	275	1,640
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	10	10	25	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,730	1,410	1,315	755	320	440
12. Personal and culinary services	1,505	285	1,215	445	45	395
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	345	275	70	215	175	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	870	840	30	80	75	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	27,785	14,085	13,700	12,230	5,855	6,375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,285	4,080	4,205	3,635	1,865	1,770
Education	1,335	275	1,065	765	205	560
13. Education	1,335	275	1,060	765	200	560
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	345	145	195	185	65	125
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	50	25	25	20	15	10
50. Visual and performing arts	295	115	175	165	50	120
Humanities	500	230	265	265	95	180
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	30	45	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	55	0	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	305	145	155	85	25	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	20	10	10	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	45	20	25	15	10	0
54. History	35	25	0	30	20	15
55. French language and literature/letters	60	25	40	30	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,015	215	800	975	300	670
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	15	45	125	70	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	530	20	505	180	10	170
22. Legal professions and studies	140	55	90	120	40	80
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	0	10	10	0	10
42. Psychology	135	35	100	215	45	170
45. Social sciences	135	90	45	325	145	175
Business, management and public administration	4,030	990	3,040	1,665	630	1,035
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	385	50	340	145	15	135
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,640	940	2,695	1,515	620	900
Physical and life sciences and technologies	295	235	60	240	125	120
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	85	70	15	100	35	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	40	0	60	30	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	105	15	60	45	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	30	15	15	20	0	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	380	235	150	235	145	90
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	305	200	105	195	120	70
25. Library science	65	25	45	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	30	20	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,615	5,270	350	1,975	1,875	100
04. Architecture and related services	105	40	65	50	55	0
14. Engineering	305	270	40	365	315	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,150	1,025	130	465	435	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,325	1,295	25	330	320	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,445	1,400	40	295	295	0
48. Precision production	1,285	1,230	50	460	455	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,120	860	260	110	70	45
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	500	305	195	70	35	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	615	550	65	45	35	10
Health and related fields	2,665	430	2,230	1,655	280	1,375
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	115	75	45	110	60	60
51. Health professions and related programs	2,530	355	2,180	1,515	205	1,305
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	0	10	25	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,195	1,115	1,080	525	210	305
12. Personal and culinary services	1,215	215	1,000	305	30	270
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	270	215	55	160	130	30
49. Transportation and materials moving	710	685	25	45	40	10
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	42,645	21,530	21,120	19,545	9,420	10,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,105	8,210	8,900	8,165	3,935	4,230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	25,540	13,320	12,220	11,385	5,490	5,895
Location of study inside Canada	25,425	13,260	12,170	9,800	4,640	5,160
Same as province or territory of residence	25,205	13,135	12,070	9,590	4,545	5,050
Different than province or territory of residence	225	125	95	210	95	115
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	115	65	50	1,580	850	730
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	10	0	655	340	315
Philippines	0	0	0	90	35	55
India	0	0	0	85	45	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	150	105	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	30	15	20	25	0	15
Other	70	40	25	570	310	255
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	27,785	14,085	13,700	12,235	5,850	6,375
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,290	4,080	4,205	3,635	1,870	1,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,500	10,005	9,495	8,595	3,990	4,605
Location of study inside Canada	19,410	9,960	9,450	7,485	3,440	4,040
Same as province or territory of residence	19,285	9,905	9,375	7,335	3,375	3,960
Different than province or territory of residence	125	55	70	145	65	85
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	90	45	45	1,115	550	565
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	10	530	260	280
Philippines	0	0	0	40	10	30
India	0	0	0	45	20	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	105	75	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	0	0	0	10
France	20	0	15	10	0	10
Other	60	35	30	375	190	185
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	42,645	21,530	21,115	19,545	9,420	10,120
In the labour force	25,345	13,690	11,650	12,430	6,245	6,185
Employed	22,915	11,970	10,945	11,850	5,950	5,890
Unemployed	2,425	1,715	710	585	290	295
Not in the labour force	17,305	7,845	9,465	7,110	3,180	3,935
Participation rate	59.4	63.6	55.2	63.6	66.3	61.1
Employment rate	53.7	55.6	51.8	60.6	63.2	58.2
Unemployment rate	9.6	12.5	6.1	4.7	4.6	4.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	42,645	21,535	21,115	19,545	9,420	10,120
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	15,750	6,985	8,760	6,740	2,990	3,755
Worked	26,900	14,545	12,355	12,805	6,430	6,370
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,940	6,640	5,300	6,710	3,755	2,960
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	14,960	7,900	7,055	6,090	2,680	3,410
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.4	41.0	41.9	43.8	44.1	43.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	25,340	13,685	11,650	12,435	6,245	6,185
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	415	225	190	155	65	90
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	24,925	13,465	11,460	12,275	6,175	6,100
Employee	22,460	12,140	10,315	10,945	5,300	5,650
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,465	1,320	1,145	1,330	880	455
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	25,345	13,690	11,650	12,430	6,245	6,190
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	415	225	190	155	65	90
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	24,930	13,460	11,465	12,275	6,180	6,095
0 Management occupations	2,075	1,300	780	1,240	835	405
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,990	785	2,200	1,660	420	1,240
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,140	965	180	740	630	110
3 Health occupations	1,970	305	1,665	1,190	210	980
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,855	655	2,200	1,580	490	1,085
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	355	110	245	330	145	185
6 Sales and service occupations	6,025	2,390	3,630	2,560	955	1,605
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,000	4,825	175	1,625	1,545	75
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	820	670	145	165	125	40
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,685	1,450	235	1,190	815	375
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	25,345	13,690	11,650	12,430	6,245	6,190
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	415	225	190	155	70	90
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	24,925	13,460	11,465	12,275	6,175	6,100
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,315	1,000	315	105	70	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	275	250	25	10	0	10
22 Utilities	300	275	25	55	25	25
23 Construction	2,165	1,955	210	595	530	70
31-33 Manufacturing	3,450	2,895	550	2,620	2,005	615
41 Wholesale trade	635	475	160	330	205	130
44-45 Retail trade	3,555	1,570	1,980	1,140	510	630
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	900	735	165	375	285	95
51 Information and cultural industries	170	80	90	115	55	60
52 Finance and insurance	555	145	410	515	195	325
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	160	120	40	170	90	80
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	985	525	460	575	370	210
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	10	15	25	10	15
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	700	455	240	485	265	225
61 Educational services	1,700	460	1,245	1,215	330	885
62 Health care and social assistance	3,580	545	3,035	1,830	265	1,565
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	335	190	145	315	160	155
72 Accommodation and food services	1,690	595	1,100	725	270	455
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,325	585	740	515	230	290
91 Public administration	1,110	600	510	565	320	245
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	22,915	11,970	10,940	11,845	5,955	5,895
Worked at home	1,235	515	715	580	315	270
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	515	280	235
No fixed workplace address	2,020	1,605	415	970	625	345
Worked at usual place	19,645	9,840	9,805	9,775	4,730	5,045
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	19,645	9,845	9,805	9,780	4,730	5,045
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10,820	4,890	5,930	1,870	970	895
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	5,095	2,645	2,450	7,715	3,655	4,055
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,690	2,275	1,415	185	100	85
Commute to a different province or territory	40	30	10	10	10	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	21,670	11,450	10,220	10,745	5,360	5,395
Car, truck, van - as a driver	19,055	10,055	9,005	9,990	4,940	5,050
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	745	400	345	430	230	205
Public transit	100	70	30	40	25	15
Walked	1,300	570	725	185	90	95
Bicycle	110	100	10	65	50	15
Other method	360	255	105	40	25	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	21,670	11,450	10,220	10,745	5,355	5,395
Less than 15 minutes	11,270	5,395	5,875	3,215	1,505	1,705
15 to 29 minutes	5,425	2,790	2,635	6,095	3,160	2,935
30 to 44 minutes	2,560	1,575	980	1,145	535	615
45 to 59 minutes	1,450	895	555	195	120	80
60 minutes and over	965	795	175	95	45	60
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	21,670	11,450	10,220	10,750	5,355	5,390
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,500	1,160	345	600	380	215
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,370	3,275	1,100	2,010	1,380	625
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,220	3,835	4,385	2,795	1,410	1,390
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,215	1,030	2,190	2,315	820	1,495
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,070	285	785	1,045	385	665
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,290	1,875	1,420	1,985	980	1,005
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	27,680	14,930	12,755	13,250	6,690	6,560
Single responses	27,465	14,780	12,690	13,170	6,680	6,490
Official languages	27,465	14,775	12,690	13,135	6,650	6,480
English	250	165	90	12,995	6,605	6,390
French	27,215	14,615	12,605	145	50	95
Non-official languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	20	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	0	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	215	150	65	80	10	65
English and French	215	150	65	50	0	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	27,680	14,930	12,755	13,250	6,690	6,560
None	25,900	13,760	12,140	12,715	6,500	6,220
English	1,605	1,070	535	90	25	65
French	145	95	50	245	80	165
Non-official language	25	0	20	185	85	100
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	10	20	185	85	100
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	50,670	25,595	25,075	22,885	11,090	11,795
Non-movers	46,365	23,475	22,880	21,040	10,195	10,845
Movers	4,310	2,115	2,195	1,845	895	950
Non-migrants	2,665	1,335	1,330	1,035	535	500
Migrants	1,645	780	865	810	355	445
Internal migrants	1,600	745	855	670	300	375
Intraprovincial migrants	1,580	730	845	625	275	350
Interprovincial migrants	20	15	10	45	20	25
External migrants	45	35	0	135	60	75
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	48,400	24,410	23,990	22,100	10,685	11,415
Non-movers	34,855	17,735	17,125	16,050	7,770	8,280
Movers	13,545	6,680	6,865	6,055	2,915	3,130
Non-migrants	8,020	4,000	4,020	3,960	1,955	2,005
Migrants	5,525	2,680	2,845	2,090	965	1,120
Internal migrants	5,420	2,625	2,800	1,830	855	985
Intraprovincial migrants	5,345	2,575	2,770	1,695	785	905
Interprovincial migrants	75	50	25	140	65	75
External migrants	105	55	45	255	115	140

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, MRC [Census division], Quebec and Tecumseh, T [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 10, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Tecumseh, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Tecumseh, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Lac-Saint-Jean-Est, Municipalité régionale de comté [Census division], Quebec and Tecumseh, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario