Census Profile, 2016 Census
Ottawa, Census division [Census division], Ontario and Canada [Country]

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Ottawa, CDR Ontario [Census division]			Canada [Country]
	Data quality , Ottawa, Census division [Census division], Ontario  Map : Ottawa, Census division [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Canada [Country]  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	934,243	...	...	35,151,728	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	883,391	...	...	33,476,688	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.8	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	395,985	...	...	15,412,443	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	373,756	...	...	14,072,079	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	334.8	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	2,790.30	...	...	8,965,588.85	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	934,245	453,875	480,370	35,151,730	17,264,200	17,887,530
0 to 14 years	155,680	79,185	76,495	5,839,565	2,992,920	2,846,645
0 to 4 years	48,870	24,800	24,065	1,898,790	973,030	925,760
5 to 9 years	53,715	27,365	26,350	2,018,130	1,034,685	983,445
10 to 14 years	53,095	27,020	26,075	1,922,645	985,200	937,445
15 to 64 years	634,425	310,385	324,035	23,376,530	11,576,130	11,800,400
15 to 19 years	57,190	28,990	28,200	2,026,160	1,039,215	986,940
20 to 24 years	68,650	34,575	34,075	2,242,690	1,144,495	1,098,200
25 to 29 years	63,695	31,675	32,025	2,285,990	1,144,470	1,141,515
30 to 34 years	61,670	30,110	31,565	2,329,395	1,148,290	1,181,110
35 to 39 years	59,575	28,325	31,245	2,288,365	1,118,635	1,169,730
40 to 44 years	62,710	29,880	32,830	2,255,135	1,104,440	1,150,695
45 to 49 years	65,960	31,980	33,980	2,359,965	1,157,760	1,202,210
50 to 54 years	73,210	36,005	37,210	2,678,075	1,318,755	1,359,320
55 to 59 years	66,765	32,370	34,395	2,620,240	1,285,190	1,335,055
60 to 64 years	54,990	26,480	28,510	2,290,510	1,114,885	1,175,630
65 years and over	144,140	64,300	79,840	5,935,630	2,695,150	3,240,485
65 to 69 years	48,130	22,870	25,265	1,972,480	953,075	1,019,405
70 to 74 years	33,875	15,795	18,080	1,420,875	677,975	742,900
75 to 79 years	24,600	11,135	13,460	1,021,850	469,550	552,300
80 to 84 years	17,950	7,765	10,185	749,650	325,765	423,880
85 years and over	19,580	6,740	12,845	770,780	268,790	501,990
85 to 89 years	11,720	4,475	7,245	482,525	185,535	296,990
90 to 94 years	5,995	1,845	4,145	223,510	68,675	154,835
95 to 99 years	1,640	385	1,255	56,525	13,240	43,280
100 years and over	230	30	195	8,230	1,340	6,890
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.7	17.4	15.9	16.6	17.3	15.9
15 to 64 years	67.9	68.4	67.5	66.5	67.1	66.0
65 years and over	15.4	14.2	16.6	16.9	15.6	18.1
85 years and over	2.1	1.5	2.7	2.2	1.6	2.8
Average age of the population	40.1	39.2	41.0	41.0	40.1	41.9
Median age of the population	40.1	39.0	41.0	41.2	40.2	42.2
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	373,760	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Single-detached house	158,230	...	...	7,541,495	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	68,645	...	...	1,391,040	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	146,080	...	...	4,949,795	...	...
Semi-detached house	20,140	...	...	698,800	...	...
Row house	79,335	...	...	891,305	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	7,055	...	...	784,300	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	39,095	...	...	2,539,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	460	...	...	36,005	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	795	...	...	189,755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	373,755	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 person	105,745	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
2 persons	124,280	...	...	4,834,605	...	...
3 persons	58,015	...	...	2,140,640	...	...
4 persons	55,215	...	...	1,946,275	...	...
5 or more persons	30,495	...	...	1,180,770	...	...
Number of persons in private households	916,855	...	...	34,460,060	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	778,560	374,690	403,870	29,312,160	14,271,280	15,040,885
Married or living common law	437,500	218,700	218,790	16,893,720	8,452,135	8,441,585
Married	366,365	182,795	183,565	13,383,455	6,693,465	6,689,990
Living common law	71,130	35,910	35,225	3,510,265	1,758,670	1,751,590
Not married and not living common law	341,065	155,990	185,080	12,418,440	5,819,140	6,599,300
Never married	236,315	123,420	112,900	8,254,340	4,444,425	3,809,915
Separated	21,015	8,500	12,520	718,295	309,905	408,400
Divorced	46,005	16,540	29,460	1,816,005	725,535	1,090,470
Widowed	37,735	7,535	30,200	1,629,800	339,280	1,290,525
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	254,765	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
2 persons	123,855	...	...	5,007,790	...	...
3 persons	54,630	...	...	2,107,830	...	...
4 persons	53,400	...	...	1,909,935	...	...
5 or more persons	22,885	...	...	815,170	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	254,770	...	...	9,840,730	...	...
Total couple families	213,535	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Married couples	177,990	...	...	6,474,005	...	...
Common-law couples	35,545	...	...	1,753,920	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	41,235	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
Female parent	32,865	...	...	1,262,340	...	...
Male parent	8,375	...	...	350,465	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	213,535	...	...	8,227,925	...	...
Couples without children	99,685	...	...	4,024,305	...	...
Couples with children	113,855	...	...	4,203,615	...	...
1 child	42,570	...	...	1,650,165	...	...
2 children	49,895	...	...	1,783,080	...	...
3 or more children	21,395	...	...	770,375	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	41,235	...	...	1,612,805	...	...
1 child	24,170	...	...	983,485	...	...
2 children	12,065	...	...	457,670	...	...
3 or more children	4,995	...	...	171,655	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	168,745	78,365	90,380	6,107,260	2,941,395	3,165,865
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	373,755	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
One-census-family households	243,065	...	...	9,218,225	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	94,935	...	...	3,782,095	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	148,135	...	...	5,436,135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5,750	...	...	301,715	...	...
Non-census-family households	124,935	...	...	4,552,135	...	...
One-person households	105,745	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	19,190	...	...	582,350	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	923,370	449,335	474,035	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,080
English only	549,395	279,175	270,220	23,757,525	11,838,075	11,919,455
French only	12,680	5,070	7,610	4,144,685	1,925,845	2,218,840
English and French	347,510	159,620	187,885	6,216,065	3,071,325	3,144,740
Neither English nor French	13,790	5,465	8,320	648,970	265,920	383,045
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	923,375	449,330	474,035	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
English	749,720	370,360	379,360	26,007,500	12,852,330	13,155,165
French	138,900	63,600	75,300	7,705,755	3,780,105	3,925,650
English and French	21,300	10,070	11,230	417,485	209,130	208,355
Neither English nor French	13,445	5,295	8,145	636,515	259,600	376,910
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	149,555	68,635	80,915	7,914,495	3,884,670	4,029,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	16.2	15.3	17.1	22.8	22.7	22.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	923,370	449,330	474,040	34,767,255	17,101,170	17,666,085
Single responses	889,715	433,335	456,380	33,948,620	16,702,840	17,245,775
Official languages	689,295	338,895	350,405	26,627,555	13,201,620	13,425,940
English	562,075	280,200	281,870	19,460,850	9,680,125	9,780,725
French	127,220	58,695	68,535	7,166,705	3,521,495	3,645,215
Non-official languages	200,420	94,440	105,975	7,321,065	3,501,220	3,819,840
Aboriginal languages	650	245	405	195,700	94,795	100,900
Algonquian languages	280	115	165	130,450	62,930	67,520
Blackfoot	0	0	0	2,815	1,325	1,490
Cree-Montagnais languages	155	70	85	88,445	42,920	45,530
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,150	3,135	3,015
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	0	10,230	4,885	5,350
Moose Cree	5	5	0	100	50	55
Naskapi	5	5	5	1,205	590	620
Northern East Cree	20	10	5	315	125	190
Plains Cree	10	5	5	3,065	1,360	1,710
Southern East Cree	5	0	5	45	20	25
Swampy Cree	25	10	15	1,440	585	850
Woods Cree	5	5	0	1,840	865	975
Cree, n.o.s.	75	35	45	64,050	31,305	32,745
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	6,990	3,310	3,680
Malecite	5	5	0	305	140	160
Mi'kmaq	20	5	10	6,690	3,170	3,520
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	100	35	65	32,150	15,350	16,800
Algonquin	25	10	20	1,260	590	670
Ojibway	65	25	45	17,890	8,440	9,450
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	12,855	6,260	6,595
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	5	5	150	65	85
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	45	25	20
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	17,365	8,325	9,045
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	17,315	8,310	9,010
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	110	55	60
Beaver	0	0	0	190	85	105
Carrier	0	0	0	1,025	465	565
Chilcotin	0	0	0	660	295	360
Dene	10	0	5	10,700	5,185	5,515
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,645	840	815
Gwich'in	0	0	0	260	110	145
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	80	25	50
Sekani	0	0	0	90	45	45
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	1,995	950	1,045
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	765	365	400
South Slavey	0	0	0	945	455	495
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	280	130	150
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	270	135	140
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	180	90	90
Tahltan	0	0	0	95	40	50
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	290	120	170
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	215	90	135
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	70	30	40
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	35
Haida	0	0	0	75	35	40
Inuit languages	325	110	220	36,545	18,100	18,445
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,025	445	575
Inuktitut	295	95	200	35,215	17,530	17,680
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	315	125	185
Iroquoian languages	30	15	15	1,115	485	635
Cayuga	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mohawk	25	10	10	980	430	555
Oneida	0	0	0	55	20	40
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	35	15	20
Kutenai	0	0	0	105	55	55
Michif	5	0	0	465	230	235
Salish languages	0	0	0	2,305	1,130	1,180
Comox	0	0	0	80	45	40
Halkomelem	0	0	0	475	225	245
Lillooet	0	0	0	315	155	155
Okanagan	0	0	5	270	135	135
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	445	225	220
Squamish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Straits	0	0	0	80	40	40
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	335	150	185
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	255	135	125
Siouan languages	0	0	0	4,285	2,070	2,220
Dakota	0	0	0	1,215	570	635
Stoney	0	0	0	3,025	1,465	1,555
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	30	25
Tlingit	0	0	0	95	40	55
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	1,480	730	755
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	880	435	445
Nisga'a	0	0	0	400	200	200
Tsimshian	0	0	0	200	90	110
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	805	370	435
Haisla	0	0	0	90	40	50
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	95	40	55
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	325	145	185
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	285	135	140
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	5	585	295	295
Non-Aboriginal languages	199,765	94,195	105,575	7,125,365	3,406,425	3,718,945
Afro-Asiatic languages	44,350	22,200	22,145	575,365	298,060	277,300
Berber languages	375	195	180	22,135	11,865	10,270
Kabyle	245	130	115	13,150	6,995	6,155
Berber languages, n.i.e.	130	70	60	8,985	4,865	4,115
Cushitic languages	6,665	2,875	3,785	42,885	20,095	22,790
Bilen	50	25	25	805	455	350
Oromo	215	120	95	4,960	2,560	2,400
Somali	6,305	2,685	3,615	36,755	16,895	19,865
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	365	195	170
Semitic languages	37,255	19,100	18,155	509,190	265,465	243,725
Amharic	1,455	680	770	22,465	10,720	11,745
Arabic	34,295	17,670	16,625	419,890	220,785	199,105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	35	45	16,070	7,910	8,160
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	5,545	2,780	2,770
Harari	55	25	30	1,320	635	685
Hebrew	355	190	165	19,530	10,480	9,045
Maltese	30	10	20	5,565	2,765	2,800
Tigrigna	905	440	465	16,650	8,310	8,340
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	2,155	1,085	1,070
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	1,155	635	520
Austro-Asiatic languages	7,040	3,230	3,815	176,725	81,810	94,920
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,100	485	615	20,130	9,270	10,860
Vietnamese	5,935	2,735	3,195	156,425	72,470	83,955
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	10	5	10	170	65	100
Austronesian languages	7,785	2,835	4,945	511,480	211,580	299,900
Bikol	30	15	20	1,790	790	1,000
Cebuano	365	125	240	19,890	7,930	11,960
Fijian	0	0	0	745	400	345
Hiligaynon	110	40	75	6,885	2,680	4,205
Ilocano	575	225	345	26,345	10,620	15,720
Malagasy	55	25	30	1,430	665	760
Malay	395	160	235	12,275	5,255	7,020
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	25	5	15	4,040	1,865	2,175
Pangasinan	25	15	15	1,390	590	800
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	6,035	2,170	3,865	431,380	178,575	252,810
Waray-Waray	40	15	30	1,110	430	675
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	120	40	80	4,195	1,770	2,425
Creole languages	4,175	1,745	2,430	72,125	32,310	39,820
Haitian Creole	290	130	165	3,030	1,445	1,590
Creole, n.o.s.	3,705	1,530	2,175	64,105	28,455	35,660
Creole languages, n.i.e.	180	85	95	4,985	2,410	2,575
Dravidian languages	3,805	1,965	1,840	189,405	94,765	94,640
Kannada	220	115	110	3,970	2,040	1,935
Malayalam	660	345	315	28,570	14,770	13,800
Tamil	2,415	1,225	1,185	140,720	69,080	71,640
Telugu	490	270	220	15,655	8,640	7,020
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	490	240	250
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	795	395	405
Indo-European languages	87,105	41,445	45,670	3,877,330	1,889,400	1,987,930
Albanian	660	320	335	26,890	13,610	13,285
Armenian	465	240	225	33,455	16,270	17,185
Balto-Slavic languages	20,270	9,080	11,190	701,975	323,640	378,340
Baltic languages	455	195	265	12,530	5,315	7,215
Latvian	250	115	135	5,455	2,350	3,105
Lithuanian	210	85	120	7,075	2,965	4,115
Slavic languages	19,810	8,885	10,930	689,450	318,325	371,115
Belarusan	40	20	20	810	385	430
Bosnian	600	275	330	12,210	6,035	6,180
Bulgarian	850	395	455	20,025	9,675	10,345
Croatian	1,000	465	535	48,200	23,540	24,665
Czech	915	405	505	22,290	10,525	11,765
Macedonian	60	30	35	16,775	8,050	8,725
Polish	5,525	2,485	3,035	181,710	82,435	99,275
Russian	6,155	2,680	3,470	188,255	85,400	102,855
Serbian	1,705	815	890	57,350	28,535	28,815
Serbo-Croatian	515	255	260	9,555	4,565	4,985
Slovak	575	260	315	17,580	8,075	9,510
Slovene (Slovenian)	210	85	120	9,790	4,415	5,370
Ukrainian	1,635	700	935	102,485	45,440	57,040
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	40	20	15	2,415	1,255	1,165
Celtic languages	115	55	60	2,690	1,335	1,360
Scottish Gaelic	40	25	20	1,090	540	550
Welsh	50	20	35	1,075	495	575
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	530	295	235
Germanic languages	8,680	3,980	4,700	538,765	258,410	280,350
Afrikaans	160	75	80	10,265	5,115	5,145
Danish	300	135	165	12,630	6,245	6,390
Dutch	2,215	1,065	1,155	99,020	48,200	50,820
Frisian	35	15	20	2,100	1,095	1,005
German	5,275	2,340	2,935	384,035	183,215	200,820
Icelandic	20	5	10	1,285	600	685
Norwegian	135	55	75	4,615	2,170	2,445
Swedish	275	145	135	6,840	3,015	3,825
Vlaams (Flemish)	75	35	40	3,895	1,730	2,165
Yiddish	180	100	75	13,555	6,750	6,800
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	525	280	240
Greek	2,115	1,105	1,005	106,525	53,350	53,170
Indo-Iranian languages	26,970	13,590	13,375	1,312,750	664,120	648,630
Indo-Aryan languages	18,345	9,255	9,090	1,064,760	538,530	526,235
Bengali	3,260	1,615	1,640	73,125	37,410	35,720
Gujarati	1,470	760	705	108,780	55,105	53,670
Hindi	2,875	1,470	1,400	110,640	55,880	54,765
Kashmiri	25	10	10	565	300	265
Konkani	105	55	55	3,330	1,625	1,710
Marathi	290	145	140	8,295	4,300	3,995
Nepali	925	440	485	18,275	9,230	9,045
Oriya (Odia)	40	20	15	1,055	560	495
Punjabi (Panjabi)	3,880	1,995	1,880	501,680	253,515	248,160
Sindhi	265	125	145	11,860	5,605	6,260
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	810	390	420	16,335	8,050	8,285
Urdu	4,405	2,225	2,185	210,815	106,960	103,860
Iranian languages	8,530	4,275	4,255	242,805	122,835	119,970
Kurdish	655	340	310	11,705	6,345	5,355
Pashto	1,025	520	510	16,910	8,760	8,145
Persian (Farsi)	6,850	3,420	3,430	214,200	107,725	106,470
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	95	60	40	5,180	2,755	2,425
Italic (Romance) languages	27,840	13,070	14,765	1,154,270	558,660	595,615
Catalan	30	15	15	865	440	425
Italian	9,030	4,470	4,560	375,635	184,415	191,220
Portuguese	4,205	1,970	2,240	221,540	106,630	114,910
Romanian	2,565	1,165	1,400	96,665	46,195	50,470
Spanish	11,985	5,445	6,540	458,850	220,605	238,245
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	720	380	340
Japanese	990	300	690	43,640	14,790	28,855
Kartvelian languages	30	10	20	1,715	910	805
Georgian	30	10	25	1,715	910	805
Korean	2,065	875	1,185	153,425	70,310	83,115
Mongolic languages	30	15	15	1,575	690	885
Mongolian	35	15	15	1,575	690	880
Niger-Congo languages	5,380	2,360	3,015	91,375	45,075	46,305
Akan (Twi)	355	175	180	13,455	6,490	6,970
Bamanankan	75	30	45	1,535	815	720
Edo	35	15	20	1,670	770	900
Ewe	75	25	50	1,760	950	805
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	100	50	55	2,825	1,495	1,335
Ga	60	30	25	920	445	470
Ganda	125	60	65	1,295	625	665
Igbo	180	90	90	4,235	2,265	1,970
Lingala	320	120	205	3,810	1,785	2,025
Rundi (Kirundi)	840	360	480	5,845	2,785	3,060
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	650	235	415	5,250	2,355	2,895
Shona	110	40	70	3,180	1,520	1,665
Swahili	1,095	490	615	13,370	6,385	6,990
Wolof	80	40	45	3,990	2,170	1,820
Yoruba	235	125	115	9,085	4,785	4,300
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,030	485	550	19,135	9,435	9,695
Nilo-Saharan languages	305	140	165	5,870	3,025	2,845
Dinka	90	40	45	2,120	1,115	1,000
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	215	95	120	3,755	1,910	1,840
Sign languages	225	105	120	7,500	3,925	3,575
American Sign Language	80	30	45	2,685	1,320	1,360
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	695	340	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	135	75	65	4,120	2,265	1,860
Sino-Tibetan languages	31,945	14,840	17,105	1,269,215	589,570	679,645
Chinese languages	31,130	14,440	16,690	1,253,360	581,650	671,715
Cantonese	10,160	4,775	5,380	565,270	262,865	302,405
Hakka	155	65	90	10,910	4,900	6,015
Mandarin	18,575	8,570	10,005	592,040	274,630	317,410
Min Dong	50	20	30	1,230	580	650
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	725	315	410	31,795	14,450	17,350
Wu (Shanghainese)	440	200	240	12,915	5,780	7,140
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,010	485	525	38,580	18,165	20,410
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	610	275	335
Tibeto-Burman languages	810	395	415	15,850	7,925	7,935
Burmese	230	115	110	3,585	1,795	1,790
Karenic languages	325	155	170	4,705	2,355	2,350
Tibetan	95	50	40	6,165	3,080	3,080
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	170	75	95	1,400	695	705
Tai-Kadai languages	690	245	445	22,010	8,870	13,145
Lao	345	155	190	12,670	6,145	6,525
Thai	340	90	255	9,255	2,690	6,565
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	80	35	55
Turkic languages	1,645	835	815	40,140	21,120	19,025
Azerbaijani	120	70	50	3,260	1,785	1,470
Turkish	1,390	705	685	32,815	17,375	15,440
Uyghur	10	5	5	1,035	510	525
Uzbek	65	30	35	1,715	855	865
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	65	30	30	1,315	590	720
Uralic languages	2,055	965	1,085	81,985	37,790	44,195
Estonian	155	70	80	5,445	2,325	3,115
Finnish	305	120	180	15,295	6,395	8,900
Hungarian	1,595	770	825	61,235	29,060	32,175
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	140	80	60	3,690	2,045	1,645
Multiple responses	33,655	16,000	17,655	818,635	398,325	420,305
English and French	12,295	5,825	6,475	165,320	80,460	84,860
English and non-official language	15,130	7,335	7,795	533,265	259,160	274,100
French and non-official language	3,820	1,730	2,085	86,150	42,170	43,985
English, French and non-official language	2,410	1,110	1,305	33,900	16,535	17,365
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	923,370	449,330	474,040	34,767,250	17,101,165	17,666,085
Single responses	866,215	422,345	443,870	33,103,860	16,298,475	16,805,395
Official languages	766,805	375,535	391,270	29,106,670	14,383,020	14,723,645
English	680,895	336,595	344,305	22,162,865	10,966,135	11,196,730
French	85,910	38,945	46,970	6,943,800	3,416,890	3,526,910
Non-official languages	99,400	46,805	52,595	3,997,195	1,915,450	2,081,750
Aboriginal languages	210	90	125	118,470	59,720	58,750
Algonquian languages	75	30	40	75,080	37,825	37,260
Blackfoot	0	0	0	1,115	555	555
Cree-Montagnais languages	55	20	35	55,825	28,135	27,685
Atikamekw	0	0	0	5,465	2,825	2,640
Montagnais (Innu)	5	0	5	8,590	4,195	4,395
Moose Cree	5	0	0	10	5	5
Naskapi	5	5	0	1,200	595	605
Northern East Cree	10	0	5	110	55	60
Plains Cree	0	0	0	1,350	665	685
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	20	5	15
Swampy Cree	10	0	5	330	140	190
Woods Cree	0	0	0	800	410	390
Cree, n.o.s.	25	10	15	37,945	19,240	18,710
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	3,615	1,795	1,820
Malecite	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	3,560	1,770	1,795
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	5	14,525	7,335	7,190
Algonquin	0	0	0	370	170	200
Ojibway	10	5	5	6,175	3,165	3,015
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	7,900	3,960	3,940
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	75	40	35
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,265	5,125	5,135
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10,255	5,120	5,135
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Beaver	0	0	0	50	30	20
Carrier	0	0	0	245	115	130
Chilcotin	0	0	0	255	125	130
Dene	0	0	0	7,710	3,805	3,905
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	1,020	550	475
Gwich'in	0	0	0	45	25	25
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sekani	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	820	425	395
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	340	180	155
South Slavey	0	0	0	370	190	185
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	55
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	25	15	10
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	10	0	5
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Haida	0	0	0	10	5	0
Inuit languages	135	55	80	29,490	14,995	14,495
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	5	0	5	165	75	90
Inuktitut	120	50	70	29,230	14,885	14,345
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	90	40	55
Iroquoian languages	5	5	5	285	135	155
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	5
Mohawk	0	0	0	255	115	140
Oneida	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	15	10	5
Michif	0	0	0	85	40	45
Salish languages	0	0	0	285	130	150
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	45	20	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	25	15	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	85	35	45
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Squamish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Straits	0	0	0	20	10	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	2,225	1,085	1,140
Dakota	0	0	0	255	140	120
Stoney	0	0	0	1,950	940	1,010
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Tlingit	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	410	210	190
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	315	155	155
Nisga'a	0	0	0	70	40	30
Tsimshian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	75	45	35
Haisla	0	0	0	20	10	15
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	235	110	125
Non-Aboriginal languages	99,195	46,715	52,475	3,878,725	1,855,730	2,022,995
Afro-Asiatic languages	24,665	11,855	12,810	307,755	153,275	154,480
Berber languages	220	105	110	8,105	4,215	3,895
Kabyle	185	85	95	5,490	2,855	2,640
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	20	15	2,620	1,365	1,260
Cushitic languages	3,855	1,580	2,275	27,095	12,455	14,640
Bilen	30	15	10	620	330	285
Oromo	130	70	65	3,410	1,700	1,710
Somali	3,640	1,475	2,165	22,895	10,340	12,555
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	55	25	35	185	85	95
Semitic languages	20,580	10,165	10,420	272,100	136,390	135,720
Amharic	840	400	445	12,780	6,010	6,770
Arabic	19,100	9,455	9,645	223,540	112,690	110,850
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	35	15	20	10,510	5,090	5,425
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	3,445	1,695	1,750
Harari	20	10	10	735	335	400
Hebrew	135	75	60	8,560	4,425	4,135
Maltese	5	0	0	1,130	525	605
Tigrigna	415	195	220	10,205	5,040	5,170
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	1,200	585	620
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	440	215	230
Austro-Asiatic languages	4,140	1,895	2,240	115,210	53,500	61,710
Khmer (Cambodian)	465	195	260	10,880	4,940	5,945
Vietnamese	3,680	1,700	1,980	104,245	48,525	55,725
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	85	40	45
Austronesian languages	3,335	1,395	1,940	239,785	108,110	131,680
Bikol	0	5	0	290	140	155
Cebuano	125	55	70	7,210	3,325	3,880
Fijian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Hiligaynon	45	15	30	2,205	970	1,240
Ilocano	230	105	120	9,125	4,045	5,080
Malagasy	15	10	5	435	220	210
Malay	120	50	70	3,620	1,710	1,910
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	1,200	565	630
Pangasinan	10	5	5	240	110	135
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,745	1,130	1,610	213,790	96,235	117,555
Waray-Waray	10	5	10	310	135	170
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	15	25	1,160	545	620
Creole languages	1,825	745	1,080	27,860	12,005	15,850
Haitian Creole	155	65	85	1,280	575	705
Creole, n.o.s.	1,605	645	960	24,575	10,510	14,060
Creole languages, n.i.e.	70	30	35	2,005	920	1,085
Dravidian languages	1,845	910	940	122,490	59,780	62,710
Kannada	75	45	35	1,630	825	800
Malayalam	280	150	135	15,440	7,865	7,575
Tamil	1,285	615	665	96,955	46,570	50,385
Telugu	195	105	90	8,280	4,430	3,850
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	190	85	105
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	340	160	180
Indo-European languages	37,275	17,650	19,625	1,911,215	927,225	983,985
Albanian	300	140	155	13,135	6,575	6,560
Armenian	205	95	110	21,505	10,165	11,345
Balto-Slavic languages	8,920	4,195	4,730	314,965	149,315	165,650
Baltic languages	105	45	60	3,275	1,400	1,870
Latvian	55	25	30	1,255	530	725
Lithuanian	50	20	25	2,020	870	1,150
Slavic languages	8,815	4,145	4,670	311,690	147,910	163,780
Belarusan	20	10	10	230	105	120
Bosnian	305	150	155	6,045	3,010	3,040
Bulgarian	400	190	210	11,985	5,835	6,150
Croatian	330	150	180	16,775	7,980	8,795
Czech	205	95	110	6,235	3,060	3,180
Macedonian	15	5	5	6,830	3,250	3,580
Polish	1,995	915	1,075	74,780	34,910	39,870
Russian	3,620	1,695	1,935	116,595	55,175	61,425
Serbian	1,000	495	505	31,750	15,665	16,085
Serbo-Croatian	200	100	95	3,885	1,865	2,020
Slovak	195	90	100	5,615	2,685	2,920
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	10	15	2,050	905	1,145
Ukrainian	510	235	275	28,250	13,150	15,100
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	670	310	360
Celtic languages	10	10	0	360	205	155
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	185	105	80
Welsh	5	0	0	95	50	45
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	50	30
Germanic languages	915	420	495	146,455	71,835	74,615
Afrikaans	40	20	20	4,790	2,355	2,435
Danish	20	10	15	855	410	445
Dutch	145	65	75	9,565	4,630	4,935
Frisian	5	0	0	185	95	90
German	630	275	350	120,335	58,905	61,435
Icelandic	0	0	0	270	120	150
Norwegian	15	5	5	345	145	200
Swedish	55	35	15	1,045	500	545
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	355	170	185
Yiddish	15	5	5	7,080	3,695	3,385
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	1,625	820	810
Greek	620	295	325	44,545	21,110	23,440
Indo-Iranian languages	14,670	7,155	7,510	838,755	416,960	421,795
Indo-Aryan languages	9,590	4,745	4,850	676,185	337,440	338,745
Bengali	1,945	935	1,010	47,350	23,585	23,765
Gujarati	610	310	300	64,150	31,740	32,405
Hindi	1,285	650	635	55,510	27,805	27,710
Kashmiri	5	0	5	135	70	70
Konkani	35	15	20	720	355	370
Marathi	110	50	60	3,780	1,940	1,840
Nepali	735	355	370	13,375	6,710	6,670
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	470	235	240
Punjabi (Panjabi)	2,190	1,110	1,085	349,145	174,905	174,240
Sindhi	60	25	35	4,975	2,280	2,695
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	385	190	195	7,790	3,860	3,925
Urdu	2,215	1,090	1,125	128,785	63,965	64,820
Iranian languages	5,055	2,400	2,655	160,195	78,310	81,880
Kurdish	370	190	180	6,580	3,400	3,175
Pashto	645	310	335	10,590	5,305	5,290
Persian (Farsi)	4,040	1,895	2,140	143,020	69,600	73,425
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	2,375	1,215	1,160
Italic (Romance) languages	11,635	5,340	6,295	531,485	251,050	280,440
Catalan	20	5	10	355	165	190
Italian	2,500	1,110	1,390	115,415	49,975	65,440
Portuguese	1,850	865	985	98,710	46,915	51,795
Romanian	1,195	555	635	53,320	25,795	27,525
Spanish	6,070	2,800	3,270	263,510	128,110	135,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	180	85	95
Japanese	385	135	245	19,785	8,265	11,515
Kartvelian languages	10	5	5	1,040	565	475
Georgian	10	5	5	1,035	565	475
Korean	1,145	525	615	109,705	51,385	58,320
Mongolic languages	15	10	5	910	440	470
Mongolian	15	10	5	910	435	470
Niger-Congo languages	1,480	655	825	28,665	13,340	15,320
Akan (Twi)	125	60	65	5,990	2,695	3,295
Bamanankan	15	5	10	340	180	160
Edo	0	0	0	415	175	240
Ewe	25	5	10	410	185	225
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	10	15	825	400	425
Ga	10	10	10	250	105	140
Ganda	30	10	20	345	160	185
Igbo	55	25	30	1,000	485	510
Lingala	70	20	50	1,045	455	590
Rundi (Kirundi)	265	130	130	2,110	990	1,115
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	230	80	150	1,530	670	865
Shona	20	15	10	1,035	475	560
Swahili	380	175	205	5,370	2,500	2,870
Wolof	30	15	15	1,380	745	635
Yoruba	55	30	25	2,615	1,275	1,340
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	150	65	80	4,010	1,850	2,160
Nilo-Saharan languages	80	35	40	2,650	1,305	1,350
Dinka	25	15	15	1,130	580	550
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	50	20	30	1,525	730	800
Sign languages	310	165	145	10,445	5,870	4,570
American Sign Language	105	50	60	3,015	1,560	1,460
Quebec Sign Language	15	5	5	730	375	355
Sign languages, n.i.e	195	110	85	6,690	3,935	2,755
Sino-Tibetan languages	21,040	9,955	11,090	924,720	433,530	491,190
Chinese languages	20,465	9,680	10,785	913,365	427,860	485,505
Cantonese	5,840	2,685	3,155	400,215	184,340	215,885
Hakka	45	15	30	4,080	1,820	2,265
Mandarin	13,450	6,435	7,020	462,890	220,075	242,815
Min Dong	15	10	10	345	150	195
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	285	115	170	13,965	6,345	7,625
Wu (Shanghainese)	250	120	130	7,650	3,580	4,075
Chinese, n.o.s.	575	300	275	23,935	11,440	12,500
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	280	130	150
Tibeto-Burman languages	580	275	305	11,350	5,670	5,680
Burmese	150	65	75	2,245	1,115	1,125
Karenic languages	250	120	130	3,865	1,935	1,930
Tibetan	70	40	35	4,590	2,305	2,280
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	110	50	65	655	305	345
Tai-Kadai languages	260	100	155	9,565	4,455	5,110
Lao	165	70	95	6,175	2,995	3,180
Thai	95	30	65	3,360	1,450	1,915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	15
Turkic languages	855	420	440	22,250	11,205	11,045
Azerbaijani	50	25	30	1,245	640	610
Turkish	745	360	385	18,955	9,525	9,430
Uyghur	0	5	0	610	315	290
Uzbek	35	15	20	990	505	490
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	5	455	230	225
Uralic languages	500	235	265	23,245	10,715	12,535
Estonian	20	10	10	975	365	610
Finnish	35	15	20	2,790	1,220	1,565
Hungarian	445	210	235	19,485	9,125	10,355
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	1,110	605	500
Multiple responses	57,165	26,990	30,170	1,663,390	802,695	860,690
English and French	12,480	5,755	6,725	160,185	77,940	82,235
English and non-official language	36,690	17,710	18,980	1,284,975	620,375	664,600
French and non-official language	3,305	1,395	1,910	148,915	70,915	78,000
English, French and non-official language	4,685	2,125	2,555	69,315	33,465	35,850
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	923,375	449,335	474,040	34,767,255	17,101,165	17,666,080
None	705,915	348,060	357,855	29,615,245	14,612,175	15,003,065
English	80,960	38,225	42,740	2,109,340	1,045,215	1,064,120
French	59,935	27,450	32,485	731,095	342,245	388,855
Non-official language	67,655	31,565	36,095	2,151,690	1,023,940	1,127,750
Aboriginal	405	150	255	90,740	42,890	47,850
Non-Aboriginal	67,255	31,410	35,840	2,060,945	981,055	1,079,895
English and French	2,600	1,220	1,380	47,970	23,785	24,190
English and non-official language	2,415	1,125	1,285	61,075	30,045	31,030
French and non-official language	3,800	1,645	2,150	48,755	22,690	26,065
English, French and non-official language	90	50	45	2,080	1,075	1,010
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	761,420	367,460	393,955	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,355
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	728,270	351,490	376,785	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,190
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,857	48,479	36,936	34,204	40,782	28,860
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	728,535	351,520	377,015	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,136	42,234	33,174	30,866	35,933	26,621
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	663,310	324,735	338,580	24,583,315	12,296,595	12,286,725
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,826	48,921	35,935	32,762	39,925	26,613
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	502,905	222,930	279,970	19,743,240	8,755,815	10,987,430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,215	1,434	4,358	5,453	4,199	6,136
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	546,025	274,960	271,065	20,428,685	10,547,760	9,880,925
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,955	46,070	36,746	33,684	39,836	28,474
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	761,420	367,445	393,970	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	728,085	351,200	376,880	27,489,395	13,441,555	14,047,845
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,605	62,746	47,019	47,487	56,740	38,632
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	728,360	351,215	377,145	27,500,230	13,446,230	14,053,995
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,428	50,106	39,141	38,977	45,404	32,828
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	663,595	324,535	339,065	24,584,065	12,295,015	12,289,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,792	63,743	46,224	46,885	56,803	36,962
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	502,790	222,905	279,880	19,742,130	8,752,070	10,990,060
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,757	6,055	7,317	7,738	7,345	8,050
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	546,025	274,445	271,580	20,428,670	10,542,540	9,886,130
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	53,088	60,456	45,642	46,057	54,369	37,193
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	761,420	367,445	393,970	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	279,480	150,600	128,880	9,367,045	5,231,015	4,136,035
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	65,546	70,955	60,631	53,431	59,326	47,420
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	75,111	82,331	66,674	65,997	74,289	55,510
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	91.4	93.9	88.4	88.3	91.6	83.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	72.8	75.0	70.0	72.0	75.2	67.7
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	8.6	6.1	11.6	11.7	8.4	16.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	761,420	367,465	393,955	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without total income	33,150	15,975	17,175	1,154,450	546,285	608,165
With total income	728,275	351,490	376,785	27,488,530	13,444,335	14,044,195
Percentage with total income	95.6	95.7	95.6	96.0	96.1	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	99,195	45,460	53,735	3,877,620	1,668,960	2,208,655
$10,000 to $19,999	107,875	44,780	63,090	4,680,380	1,867,600	2,812,785
$20,000 to $29,999	78,010	32,870	45,140	3,807,840	1,593,335	2,214,505
$30,000 to $39,999	66,625	28,955	37,675	3,206,175	1,472,670	1,733,510
$40,000 to $49,999	63,305	27,810	35,495	2,827,045	1,376,565	1,450,480
$50,000 to $59,999	58,005	26,620	31,385	2,179,775	1,145,685	1,034,090
$60,000 to $69,999	51,610	25,380	26,225	1,655,070	938,755	716,310
$70,000 to $79,999	42,025	21,880	20,150	1,271,850	745,830	526,015
$80,000 to $89,999	36,815	19,760	17,050	966,885	579,290	387,590
$90,000 to $99,999	32,275	17,195	15,070	749,290	452,240	297,050
$100,000 and over	92,535	60,775	31,760	2,266,600	1,603,400	663,195
$100,000 to $149,999	65,295	41,095	24,205	1,493,570	1,024,210	469,365
$150,000 and over	27,240	19,685	7,555	773,025	579,190	193,830
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	761,420	367,465	393,955	28,642,980	13,990,620	14,652,360
Without after-tax income	32,885	15,940	16,940	1,143,795	541,620	602,175
With after-tax income	728,535	351,520	377,015	27,499,185	13,449,010	14,050,175
Percentage with after-tax income	95.7	95.7	95.7	96.0	96.1	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	103,495	46,295	57,195	4,004,475	1,706,825	2,297,645
$10,000 to $19,999	112,260	46,980	65,285	4,905,055	1,972,920	2,932,130
$20,000 to $29,999	89,990	38,510	51,475	4,489,925	1,926,175	2,563,755
$30,000 to $39,999	81,965	35,860	46,105	3,924,960	1,870,705	2,054,250
$40,000 to $49,999	78,230	35,235	43,000	3,144,200	1,619,670	1,524,525
$50,000 to $59,999	68,435	33,495	34,940	2,209,280	1,245,570	963,705
$60,000 to $69,999	54,560	29,055	25,505	1,540,300	912,230	628,065
$70,000 to $79,999	45,775	24,710	21,060	1,076,180	654,570	421,610
$80,000 and over	93,820	61,380	32,440	2,204,820	1,540,335	664,485
$80,000 to $89,999	32,630	19,255	13,375	688,705	444,550	244,145
$90,000 to $99,999	19,255	12,495	6,765	420,975	291,090	129,885
$100,000 and over	41,935	29,630	12,305	1,095,140	804,690	290,445
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	761,420	367,465	393,960	28,642,980	13,990,625	14,652,360
Without employment income	215,395	92,505	122,890	8,214,295	3,442,860	4,771,430
With employment income	546,025	274,955	271,065	20,428,690	10,547,760	9,880,925
Percentage with employment income	71.7	74.8	68.8	71.3	75.4	67.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	67,195	32,650	34,540	2,778,990	1,357,430	1,421,560
$5,000 to $9,999	40,580	18,300	22,280	1,602,140	697,025	905,120
$10,000 to $19,999	65,320	29,695	35,620	2,736,010	1,212,855	1,523,155
$20,000 to $29,999	50,625	23,530	27,090	2,293,785	1,022,090	1,271,695
$30,000 to $39,999	44,810	21,215	23,600	2,149,860	1,001,065	1,148,795
$40,000 to $49,999	43,030	19,575	23,460	1,928,565	946,625	981,940
$50,000 to $59,999	40,780	18,705	22,075	1,554,100	839,045	715,055
$60,000 to $69,999	36,550	17,765	18,790	1,220,310	708,270	512,040
$70,000 to $79,999	29,655	15,370	14,290	992,170	591,945	400,225
$80,000 and over	127,485	78,160	49,325	3,172,770	2,171,415	1,001,355
$80,000 to $89,999	29,530	15,440	14,085	773,755	475,700	298,055
$90,000 to $99,999	26,485	14,205	12,275	623,980	382,330	241,650
$100,000 and over	71,475	48,515	22,960	1,775,030	1,313,385	461,645
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	373,755	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,981	...	...	70,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	73,745	...	...	61,348	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	105,745	...	...	3,969,790	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,369	...	...	35,174	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,026	...	...	31,446	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	268,005	...	...	10,102,290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,064	...	...	88,249	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	91,248	...	...	76,419	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	373,755	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	106,372	...	...	92,764	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	86,579	...	...	76,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	105,745	...	...	3,967,765	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	56,590	...	...	46,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,078	...	...	38,685	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	268,015	...	...	10,104,315	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,013	...	...	110,813	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,559	...	...	90,890	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	373,755	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	6,245	...	...	228,790	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,895	...	...	200,315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	9,090	...	...	374,575	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	11,445	...	...	565,940	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10,405	...	...	602,800	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10,925	...	...	538,710	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	11,170	...	...	603,480	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	11,655	...	...	606,600	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	12,120	...	...	596,110	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	12,150	...	...	578,325	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	24,805	...	...	1,097,345	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	24,765	...	...	1,010,415	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	23,220	...	...	924,320	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	22,580	...	...	836,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	21,425	...	...	745,655	...	...
$100,000 and over	156,845	...	...	4,561,920	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	43,800	...	...	1,470,255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	32,755	...	...	1,016,245	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	42,310	...	...	1,116,140	...	...
$200,000 and over	37,975	...	...	959,285	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	373,755	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Under $5,000	6,610	...	...	243,780	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,965	...	...	203,865	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	9,220	...	...	380,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	11,920	...	...	591,660	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	11,650	...	...	673,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	12,395	...	...	628,225	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	13,335	...	...	719,825	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	14,530	...	...	725,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	15,340	...	...	711,180	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15,625	...	...	691,695	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	31,215	...	...	1,299,680	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	29,345	...	...	1,169,515	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	28,265	...	...	1,041,635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	25,850	...	...	900,055	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	22,545	...	...	757,295	...	...
$100,000 and over	120,945	...	...	3,333,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	43,895	...	...	1,371,945	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	30,500	...	...	809,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	46,540	...	...	1,152,090	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	253,410	...	...	9,688,845	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	109,083	...	...	88,306	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,624	...	...	76,372	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	92,815	...	...	3,706,220	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	102,233	...	...	78,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	86,602	...	...	68,309	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	114,325	...	...	4,222,140	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,926	...	...	113,465	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	115,637	...	...	96,608	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	38,755	...	...	1,481,410	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,761	...	...	53,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	56,633	...	...	48,856	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	253,440	...	...	9,689,855	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	128,219	...	...	111,235	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	104,030	...	...	91,040	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	92,930	...	...	3,706,400	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	121,150	...	...	101,086	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,430	...	...	82,296	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	114,325	...	...	4,225,855	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	154,772	...	...	137,094	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,814	...	...	111,307	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	38,635	...	...	1,477,190	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,479	...	...	65,549	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,341	...	...	56,687	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	148,795	70,370	78,425	5,313,545	2,608,845	2,704,705
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	38,585	37,101	39,770	31,890	34,483	29,801
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	34,525	33,178	35,479	28,959	30,746	27,495
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	148,300	69,825	78,475	5,299,050	2,596,985	2,702,070
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	48,967	48,862	49,060	42,939	46,085	39,915
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	40,421	40,027	40,772	35,801	37,724	33,952
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	916,860	446,515	470,340	34,460,065	16,971,550	17,488,515
In the bottom half of the distribution	351,745	167,740	184,005	17,229,835	8,256,970	8,972,865
In the bottom decile	87,465	42,940	44,520	3,445,950	1,672,900	1,773,050
In the second decile	68,570	31,900	36,670	3,445,660	1,564,965	1,880,700
In the third decile	61,285	28,950	32,330	3,446,165	1,641,930	1,804,235
In the fourth decile	63,430	30,120	33,305	3,445,850	1,677,120	1,768,730
In the fifth decile	71,000	33,825	37,170	3,446,210	1,700,060	1,746,150
In the top half of the distribution	565,110	278,780	286,335	17,230,230	8,714,580	8,515,650
In the sixth decile	80,420	38,470	41,950	3,445,695	1,716,510	1,729,185
In the seventh decile	92,475	44,840	47,635	3,446,470	1,730,975	1,715,500
In the eighth decile	110,280	54,300	55,985	3,445,940	1,741,640	1,704,300
In the ninth decile	136,925	67,895	69,030	3,446,045	1,751,850	1,694,195
In the top decile	145,010	73,280	71,730	3,446,080	1,773,600	1,672,475
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	916,855	446,520	470,340	33,968,295	16,724,265	17,244,035
0 to 17 years	187,695	95,495	92,200	6,836,380	3,504,250	3,332,125
0 to 5 years	59,200	30,145	29,055	2,228,770	1,142,505	1,086,270
18 to 64 years	596,805	290,300	306,500	21,695,090	10,690,090	11,005,005
65 years and over	132,360	60,715	71,640	5,436,830	2,529,930	2,906,905
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	115,175	54,570	60,605	4,809,940	2,243,200	2,566,740
0 to 17 years	30,100	15,575	14,525	1,163,830	597,570	566,255
0 to 5 years	10,150	5,285	4,865	396,095	203,055	193,030
18 to 64 years	72,620	34,105	38,515	2,855,290	1,341,590	1,513,700
65 years and over	12,455	4,890	7,560	790,825	304,040	486,780
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.6	12.2	12.9	14.2	13.4	14.9
0 to 17 years (%)	16.0	16.3	15.8	17.0	17.1	17.0
0 to 5 years (%)	17.1	17.5	16.7	17.8	17.8	17.8
18 to 64 years (%)	12.2	11.7	12.6	13.2	12.5	13.8
65 years and over (%)	9.4	8.1	10.6	14.5	12.0	16.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	98,920	48,130	50,790	3,128,995	1,519,370	1,609,630
0 to 17 years	22,685	11,680	11,005	696,025	357,255	338,770
0 to 5 years	7,775	4,065	3,710	236,435	121,170	115,260
18 to 64 years	68,040	33,345	34,695	2,157,745	1,057,585	1,100,160
65 years and over	8,190	3,105	5,085	275,225	104,525	170,695
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	10.8	10.8	10.8	9.2	9.1	9.3
0 to 17 years (%)	12.1	12.2	11.9	10.2	10.2	10.2
0 to 5 years (%)	13.1	13.5	12.8	10.6	10.6	10.6
18 to 64 years (%)	11.4	11.5	11.3	9.9	9.9	10.0
65 years and over (%)	6.2	5.1	7.1	5.1	4.1	5.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	916,855	446,515	470,340	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Official languages	903,135	441,100	462,040	33,818,210	16,709,290	17,108,920
English	890,730	436,345	454,390	29,748,265	14,806,270	14,941,995
French	358,170	163,505	194,670	10,242,945	4,952,455	5,290,495
Non-official languages	276,220	129,515	146,710	9,369,280	4,488,185	4,881,090
Aboriginal languages	1,140	430	705	263,845	127,550	136,295
Algonquian languages	490	195	295	177,570	85,505	92,065
Blackfoot	0	0	10	5,645	2,695	2,950
Cree-Montagnais languages	210	85	125	116,585	56,515	60,070
Atikamekw	0	0	0	6,640	3,335	3,305
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	11,440	5,500	5,945
Moose Cree	0	0	10	195	80	115
Naskapi	20	10	10	1,465	710	755
Northern East Cree	30	15	15	545	225	320
Plains Cree	10	10	10	5,905	2,705	3,200
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	40	30	10
Swampy Cree	55	15	35	2,345	995	1,350
Woods Cree	15	10	10	2,665	1,230	1,435
Cree, n.o.s.	80	35	50	86,115	42,080	44,035
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	15	9,765	4,710	5,050
Malecite	10	10	0	755	370	390
Mi'kmaq	25	10	10	9,025	4,350	4,670
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	260	100	160	46,685	22,100	24,585
Algonquin	45	20	20	2,480	1,165	1,315
Ojibway	195	75	125	28,585	13,365	15,220
Oji-Cree	15	0	10	15,610	7,575	8,030
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	205	105	105
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	120	60	60
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	23,655	11,340	12,320
Northern Athabaskan languages	15	10	15	23,570	11,300	12,265
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	210	105	100
Beaver	0	0	0	340	180	165
Carrier	0	0	0	2,105	955	1,145
Chilcotin	0	0	0	1,150	535	610
Dene	10	10	10	13,060	6,270	6,790
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	2,375	1,210	1,165
Gwich'in	0	0	0	360	165	200
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	150	60	90
Sekani	0	0	0	185	85	100
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	2,815	1,340	1,475
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	1,010	475	530
South Slavey	0	0	0	1,365	660	710
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	680	320	360
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	630	340	285
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	365	205	170
Tahltan	0	0	0	270	140	130
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	420	160	260
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	285	115	170
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	145	50	95
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	85	35	50
Haida	0	0	0	465	205	260
Inuit languages	580	220	365	42,980	21,355	21,630
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	1,975	895	1,080
Inuktitut	530	200	325	40,620	20,280	20,340
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	50	15	30	470	225	240
Iroquoian languages	55	15	40	2,800	1,240	1,555
Cayuga	0	0	0	125	40	85
Mohawk	55	15	40	2,415	1,120	1,295
Oneida	0	0	0	180	60	125
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	45	75
Kutenai	0	0	0	175	95	80
Michif	0	0	0	1,210	585	625
Salish languages	0	0	0	5,750	2,730	3,015
Comox	0	0	0	185	75	110
Halkomelem	0	0	0	1,060	475	585
Lillooet	0	0	0	790	405	385
Okanagan	0	0	0	820	370	450
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	1,305	640	665
Squamish	0	0	0	285	125	155
Straits	0	0	0	360	160	200
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	450	220	235
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	565	295	270
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5,430	2,665	2,770
Dakota	0	0	0	1,760	870	890
Stoney	0	0	0	3,675	1,805	1,875
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	140	70	70
Tlingit	0	0	0	260	140	120
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	2,730	1,350	1,380
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	10	0	0	1,305	645	660
Nisga'a	0	0	0	1,060	545	515
Tsimshian	0	0	0	410	180	235
Wakashan languages	10	0	0	1,490	680	805
Haisla	0	0	0	175	65	110
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	125	50	75
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	10	0	605	285	320
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	565	265	300
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	30	20	10
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	665	310	360
Non-Aboriginal languages	275,145	129,110	146,030	9,107,075	4,361,420	4,745,660
Afro-Asiatic languages	61,550	30,865	30,685	837,355	432,560	404,795
Berber languages	545	285	255	29,460	15,745	13,715
Kabyle	415	220	195	17,120	9,100	8,015
Berber languages, n.i.e.	120	65	60	12,505	6,735	5,775
Cushitic languages	9,305	4,160	5,140	57,125	26,870	30,250
Bilen	90	55	35	1,085	625	470
Oromo	380	175	210	6,245	3,070	3,175
Somali	8,770	3,895	4,875	49,665	23,070	26,590
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	480	220	265
Semitic languages	52,705	26,900	25,815	771,130	400,780	370,350
Amharic	1,980	945	1,040	33,670	16,675	16,995
Arabic	48,135	24,675	23,460	629,055	329,235	299,820
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	80	30	50	19,745	9,720	10,020
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	7,115	3,505	3,610
Harari	35	25	15	1,710	855	860
Hebrew	1,870	1,010	860	75,020	38,730	36,290
Maltese	60	25	40	7,625	3,760	3,870
Tigrigna	1,170	490	680	21,340	10,640	10,705
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	240	150	90	3,220	1,655	1,565
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	135	65	75	2,775	1,440	1,335
Austro-Asiatic languages	8,695	4,100	4,595	224,865	105,845	119,020
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,525	680	840	27,035	12,640	14,400
Vietnamese	7,210	3,445	3,775	198,895	93,735	105,155
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	190	70	120
Austronesian languages	10,160	3,765	6,390	656,200	273,075	383,125
Bikol	30	10	15	2,075	885	1,190
Cebuano	570	210	355	27,045	10,960	16,085
Fijian	10	0	10	1,660	955	705
Hiligaynon	165	55	110	7,925	3,200	4,720
Ilocano	700	300	400	34,530	13,805	20,730
Malagasy	100	50	50	2,335	1,120	1,220
Malay	615	270	345	22,470	10,370	12,100
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	65	20	40	5,425	2,445	2,980
Pangasinan	60	25	35	1,800	790	1,015
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	9,095	3,300	5,795	612,735	253,210	359,530
Waray-Waray	35	10	30	1,395	530	860
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	110	55	60	5,585	2,540	3,040
Creole languages	9,355	3,925	5,435	155,615	70,545	85,070
Haitian Creole	445	165	280	6,850	3,140	3,710
Creole, n.o.s.	8,325	3,490	4,835	133,045	59,890	73,160
Creole languages, n.i.e.	625	280	350	16,635	7,955	8,675
Dravidian languages	5,060	2,550	2,505	250,180	126,220	123,960
Kannada	465	235	235	8,245	4,180	4,065
Malayalam	835	375	460	37,810	19,410	18,400
Tamil	3,330	1,700	1,625	189,860	94,640	95,220
Telugu	795	420	375	23,160	12,770	10,390
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	790	385	405
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	870	435	435
Indo-European languages	130,605	61,380	69,225	5,158,010	2,506,455	2,651,555
Albanian	785	380	405	31,930	16,140	15,790
Armenian	665	350	310	41,295	19,980	21,315
Balto-Slavic languages	24,535	11,205	13,325	817,315	384,960	432,350
Baltic languages	530	225	305	14,675	6,470	8,205
Latvian	260	110	155	6,500	2,960	3,540
Lithuanian	270	120	145	8,185	3,510	4,675
Slavic languages	24,090	11,010	13,080	805,915	379,965	425,945
Belarusan	125	60	65	2,265	1,070	1,195
Bosnian	1,030	475	555	18,265	9,055	9,215
Bulgarian	1,050	485	560	22,425	10,920	11,505
Croatian	1,830	900	930	69,840	34,515	35,325
Czech	1,320	570	750	28,720	13,675	15,050
Macedonian	95	30	60	23,075	11,190	11,880
Polish	6,530	2,970	3,565	214,965	99,365	115,600
Russian	9,135	4,205	4,930	269,645	127,055	142,595
Serbian	2,075	1,010	1,065	73,775	37,040	36,740
Serbo-Croatian	560	290	270	11,275	5,525	5,750
Slovak	910	385	525	21,470	10,215	11,255
Slovene (Slovenian)	265	125	140	11,495	5,205	6,290
Ukrainian	2,285	960	1,330	132,115	58,820	73,300
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	55	15	40	3,000	1,590	1,405
Celtic languages	395	190	205	9,165	4,705	4,455
Scottish Gaelic	155	80	80	3,980	2,010	1,975
Welsh	90	35	50	1,690	830	860
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	160	85	75	3,590	1,915	1,680
Germanic languages	16,750	7,940	8,815	695,535	337,215	358,320
Afrikaans	405	200	205	23,410	11,795	11,610
Danish	425	195	235	15,745	7,320	8,425
Dutch	2,850	1,330	1,520	120,865	57,885	62,990
Frisian	55	20	35	2,910	1,515	1,395
German	12,200	5,800	6,405	502,730	245,745	256,985
Icelandic	45	25	20	1,780	830	945
Norwegian	345	145	205	8,120	3,860	4,260
Swedish	600	295	310	14,140	6,510	7,635
Vlaams (Flemish)	80	35	45	4,400	1,945	2,455
Yiddish	355	185	175	20,985	10,435	10,550
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	8,710	4,425	4,285
Greek	3,090	1,545	1,550	150,965	75,510	75,455
Indo-Iranian languages	35,320	17,915	17,405	1,658,220	840,850	817,365
Indo-Aryan languages	25,805	13,125	12,680	1,387,805	704,370	683,435
Bengali	4,250	2,180	2,070	91,220	46,935	44,285
Gujarati	2,275	1,220	1,050	149,045	74,765	74,285
Hindi	10,340	5,350	4,980	433,365	221,665	211,700
Kashmiri	10	0	0	905	490	420
Konkani	140	75	65	6,790	3,185	3,605
Marathi	560	310	255	15,570	8,200	7,365
Nepali	1,275	640	635	21,380	10,915	10,470
Oriya (Odia)	70	45	30	1,535	755	775
Punjabi (Panjabi)	6,235	3,220	3,015	668,240	341,450	326,790
Sindhi	500	220	275	20,260	9,310	10,945
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,070	485	585	27,825	13,970	13,855
Urdu	7,175	3,600	3,575	322,220	164,685	157,535
Iranian languages	10,040	5,075	4,965	281,715	142,030	139,680
Kurdish	755	395	355	15,290	8,290	7,000
Pashto	1,400	755	645	23,180	12,465	10,715
Persian (Farsi)	8,665	4,340	4,320	252,320	126,565	125,755
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	200	120	85	8,875	4,715	4,155
Italic (Romance) languages	54,440	24,435	30,005	1,897,630	898,530	999,100
Catalan	80	30	50	2,035	1,145	890
Italian	15,500	7,400	8,105	574,725	278,500	296,225
Portuguese	6,115	2,995	3,125	295,955	144,465	151,485
Romanian	2,875	1,345	1,535	115,050	55,275	59,770
Spanish	33,070	14,175	18,890	995,255	460,250	535,010
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	105	65	40	2,680	1,610	1,075
Japanese	2,505	1,185	1,320	83,090	36,760	46,335
Kartvelian languages	40	20	20	2,150	1,075	1,075
Georgian	40	15	25	2,150	1,080	1,070
Korean	2,580	1,095	1,490	172,755	80,170	92,590
Mongolic languages	40	25	20	2,090	960	1,130
Mongolian	40	25	20	2,090	960	1,130
Niger-Congo languages	10,520	4,640	5,880	177,215	88,135	89,080
Akan (Twi)	630	330	300	22,145	10,810	11,340
Bamanankan	160	70	85	3,190	1,660	1,530
Edo	95	40	60	3,220	1,510	1,705
Ewe	205	85	125	3,000	1,685	1,315
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	165	65	95	4,725	2,460	2,260
Ga	165	85	80	2,250	1,140	1,110
Ganda	210	65	145	2,495	1,175	1,320
Igbo	300	165	135	8,850	4,710	4,140
Lingala	1,720	720	1,000	17,010	7,865	9,145
Rundi (Kirundi)	1,530	610	915	8,590	4,075	4,515
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	970	360	615	7,860	3,600	4,260
Shona	175	60	115	5,425	2,530	2,905
Swahili	3,035	1,325	1,710	38,680	19,565	19,115
Wolof	205	110	95	8,240	4,455	3,785
Yoruba	755	400	355	22,420	11,475	10,940
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,265	1,035	1,230	40,760	20,375	20,385
Nilo-Saharan languages	320	140	185	7,015	3,520	3,495
Dinka	185	85	105	2,475	1,280	1,190
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	135	50	80	4,555	2,240	2,315
Sign languages	1,630	655	975	48,115	18,985	29,130
American Sign Language	880	310	570	21,930	7,780	14,155
Quebec Sign Language	75	15	60	4,665	1,665	3,005
Sign languages, n.i.e.	715	350	365	22,275	9,835	12,440
Sino-Tibetan languages	36,400	17,190	19,210	1,430,440	672,100	758,340
Chinese languages	35,510	16,765	18,745	1,413,110	663,465	749,640
Cantonese	12,700	6,015	6,685	699,125	325,840	373,285
Hakka	265	125	140	12,445	5,555	6,890
Mandarin	24,495	11,310	13,185	814,450	377,635	436,815
Min Dong	40	20	25	1,045	440	600
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,035	460	565	42,840	19,005	23,835
Wu (Shanghainese)	415	205	210	16,530	7,490	9,040
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,010	535	475	41,690	19,995	21,690
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	590	250	340
Tibeto-Burman languages	920	445	480	18,270	9,100	9,175
Burmese	305	140	160	4,995	2,490	2,500
Karenic languages	370	185	185	4,895	2,425	2,475
Tibetan	55	30	20	7,050	3,555	3,490
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	360	150	205	2,375	1,160	1,220
Tai-Kadai languages	1,005	410	600	30,400	13,210	17,195
Lao	460	200	255	17,235	8,240	8,990
Thai	610	230	385	15,390	5,875	9,520
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	115	50	65
Turkic languages	2,405	1,195	1,210	60,530	31,585	28,945
Azerbaijani	140	80	60	5,450	2,885	2,565
Turkish	2,075	1,035	1,035	50,775	26,605	24,165
Uyghur	40	25	15	1,385	685	700
Uzbek	80	20	60	2,465	1,230	1,235
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	125	60	65	1,870	905	965
Uralic languages	2,585	1,255	1,330	94,810	44,270	50,545
Estonian	240	115	125	6,070	2,750	3,315
Finnish	480	220	260	17,595	7,540	10,050
Hungarian	1,875	925	950	71,285	34,005	37,280
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other languages, n.i.e.	380	245	130	9,730	5,375	4,355
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	916,855	446,520	470,340	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	854,535	416,870	437,670	32,034,590	15,799,495	16,235,090
Canadian citizens aged under 18	177,955	90,535	87,425	6,652,795	3,412,785	3,240,010
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	676,580	326,335	350,245	25,381,795	12,386,710	12,995,080
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	62,320	29,650	32,670	2,425,480	1,172,085	1,253,400
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	916,860	446,515	470,340	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	685,260	337,490	347,770	26,412,610	13,124,325	13,288,290
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	216,505	101,240	115,270	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Before 1981	53,740	25,720	28,020	1,941,510	927,795	1,013,715
1981 to 1990	29,670	14,195	15,475	915,555	439,245	476,310
1991 to 2000	49,685	22,510	27,170	1,486,655	696,720	789,940
2001 to 2010	53,335	24,515	28,820	1,985,035	940,570	1,044,465
2001 to 2005	25,185	11,520	13,660	928,935	439,890	489,050
2006 to 2010	28,155	12,990	15,160	1,056,095	500,680	555,415
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	30,075	14,295	15,775	1,212,075	582,175	629,895
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	15,095	7,795	7,300	506,625	260,755	245,870
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	216,500	101,235	115,265	7,540,830	3,586,500	3,954,335
Under 5 years	23,760	11,740	12,010	731,340	364,165	367,175
5 to 14 years	38,620	19,575	19,045	1,311,810	665,870	645,945
15 to 24 years	45,510	20,395	25,110	1,604,430	724,430	880,005
25 to 44 years	90,080	41,305	48,775	3,198,920	1,513,970	1,684,950
45 years and over	18,530	8,210	10,315	694,320	318,060	376,260
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	216,505	101,235	115,270	7,540,830	3,586,495	3,954,330
Americas	32,755	14,265	18,485	1,128,745	510,650	618,100
Brazil	985	440	545	29,320	13,235	16,080
Colombia	1,265	485	780	70,035	32,065	37,965
El Salvador	1,710	790	920	48,080	23,865	24,215
Guyana	1,375	635	740	87,685	38,940	48,745
Haiti	6,325	2,615	3,705	93,480	40,955	52,525
Jamaica	2,985	1,280	1,705	138,345	59,960	78,390
Mexico	1,290	545	750	80,585	37,530	43,055
Peru	820	365	455	29,615	12,950	16,665
Trinidad and Tobago	1,260	495	765	65,040	29,325	35,710
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,245	3,695	4,550	253,715	113,505	140,215
Other places of birth in Americas	6,495	2,920	3,575	232,850	108,325	124,530
Europe	55,430	26,405	29,030	2,088,410	1,015,145	1,073,260
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,610	775	830	36,135	18,050	18,085
Croatia	805	385	420	40,045	20,005	20,035
France	2,270	1,005	1,260	105,565	55,395	50,170
Germany	3,885	1,645	2,240	145,845	69,525	76,320
Greece	910	480	425	62,715	31,580	31,135
Hungary	825	425	405	36,820	17,945	18,875
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	810	360	450	28,325	14,355	13,970
Italy	5,410	2,800	2,610	236,640	118,595	118,040
Netherlands	1,885	930	960	88,475	45,185	43,295
Poland	4,170	1,860	2,310	146,465	66,450	80,020
Portugal	1,960	990	970	139,450	68,150	71,300
Romania	2,400	1,130	1,265	90,305	42,795	47,510
Russian Federation	2,860	1,230	1,630	78,685	34,265	44,420
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	875	410	460	33,320	16,325	17,000
Ukraine	1,775	845	935	73,030	33,360	39,665
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	15,765	7,910	7,860	499,115	243,225	255,890
Other places of birth in Europe	7,210	3,215	3,995	247,470	119,945	127,530
Africa	30,340	13,940	16,405	637,485	322,510	314,970
Algeria	1,030	485	545	64,620	33,920	30,705
Egypt	3,415	1,785	1,630	64,615	34,125	30,495
Ethiopia	2,210	1,020	1,195	32,790	15,980	16,810
Kenya	1,065	545	525	27,150	12,810	14,340
Morocco	1,235	570	665	69,655	36,120	33,535
Nigeria	1,265	575	690	42,430	21,830	20,600
Somalia	3,895	1,495	2,400	27,230	12,070	15,160
South Africa, Republic of	850	435	415	44,660	22,205	22,460
Other places of birth in Africa	15,375	7,030	8,345	264,320	133,450	130,870
Asia	97,175	46,205	50,965	3,629,160	1,709,985	1,919,175
Afghanistan	2,400	1,220	1,180	51,955	26,030	25,930
Bangladesh	2,655	1,380	1,275	58,735	29,875	28,865
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	17,400	7,575	9,830	649,260	290,800	358,460
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	3,015	1,510	1,505	208,940	98,020	110,915
India	10,495	5,275	5,225	668,565	334,030	334,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	4,395	2,190	2,205	154,425	77,970	76,455
Iraq	3,540	1,880	1,655	68,485	34,785	33,705
Japan	730	175	550	27,240	7,955	19,285
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,695	750	945	123,305	57,170	66,140
Lebanon	11,000	5,750	5,245	88,745	47,295	41,450
Pakistan	3,825	1,915	1,915	202,260	103,225	99,035
Philippines	8,865	3,345	5,520	588,305	247,095	341,210
Sri Lanka	2,330	1,105	1,230	131,995	64,825	67,170
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	3,120	1,595	1,530	52,960	26,595	26,365
Taiwan	835	360	470	63,770	28,170	35,605
Viet Nam	5,600	2,565	3,035	169,250	78,000	91,250
Other places of birth in Asia	15,270	7,620	7,650	320,965	158,150	162,815
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	805	425	385	57,030	28,210	28,825
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	30,075	14,300	15,780	1,212,075	582,180	629,895
Americas	4,060	1,835	2,225	152,595	72,870	79,720
Brazil	135	80	65	8,500	4,000	4,490
Colombia	190	80	110	15,300	6,885	8,415
Cuba	125	65	60	5,370	2,545	2,820
Haiti	1,290	550	745	19,985	9,160	10,830
Jamaica	115	65	50	12,495	6,680	5,820
Mexico	245	100	145	18,660	9,090	9,575
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,135	570	570	33,060	16,480	16,580
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	120	35	85	6,425	2,990	3,435
Other places of birth in Americas	695	290	400	32,790	15,040	17,750
Europe	2,565	1,250	1,315	140,030	70,995	69,035
France	285	155	130	24,150	13,000	11,150
Germany	160	70	85	6,300	3,255	3,045
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	70	45	25	5,660	3,540	2,120
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	40	15	20	5,900	2,735	3,165
Romania	120	60	60	7,610	3,330	4,280
Russian Federation	350	150	205	11,565	4,485	7,080
Ukraine	215	105	110	13,425	6,015	7,410
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	605	310	295	24,445	14,235	10,215
Other places of birth in Europe	725	340	380	40,970	20,405	20,570
Africa	6,155	2,780	3,370	162,800	81,545	81,245
Algeria	130	45	85	17,175	8,440	8,735
Cameroon	325	165	160	10,265	5,005	5,255
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	715	270	450	7,400	3,570	3,835
Côte d'Ivoire	170	55	110	6,240	3,030	3,210
Egypt	785	420	365	16,115	8,445	7,665
Eritrea	250	115	135	6,050	3,195	2,855
Ethiopia	335	120	215	7,510	3,625	3,890
Morocco	165	70	95	15,105	7,470	7,635
Nigeria	385	170	210	17,285	8,850	8,435
Somalia	355	150	205	5,335	2,600	2,730
South Africa, Republic of	100	50	55	5,765	2,935	2,830
Tunisia	100	35	60	6,700	3,475	3,230
Other places of birth in Africa	2,340	1,115	1,230	41,855	20,905	20,950
Asia	17,165	8,370	8,795	748,700	352,095	396,610
Afghanistan	535	270	260	9,240	4,530	4,710
Bangladesh	530	265	270	12,900	6,445	6,460
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	2,590	1,095	1,490	129,020	57,745	71,270
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	85	45	35	4,975	2,090	2,880
India	1,900	1,050	845	147,190	75,145	72,045
IranCensus data footnote 61	775	365	410	42,070	20,580	21,490
Iraq	1,075	565	515	20,665	10,345	10,320
Israel	190	105	85	4,740	2,615	2,130
Japan	110	30	80	4,905	1,250	3,655
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	220	75	140	21,710	9,630	12,075
Lebanon	895	480	420	9,375	4,980	4,400
Nepal	290	160	125	7,505	3,780	3,715
Pakistan	635	350	285	41,480	20,530	20,945
Philippines	2,640	1,090	1,550	188,810	83,050	105,760
Saudi Arabia	360	205	160	5,465	2,820	2,640
Sri Lanka	215	95	120	11,495	5,190	6,305
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,820	985	840	29,945	15,245	14,700
Taiwan	40	25	20	4,310	1,685	2,625
Turkey	180	95	90	4,255	2,365	1,890
United Arab Emirates	340	210	135	6,135	3,220	2,910
Viet Nam	200	85	120	11,210	4,500	6,705
Other places of birth in Asia	1,540	730	810	31,320	14,345	16,970
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	130	65	65	7,955	4,670	3,280
Australia	115	60	50	4,965	2,950	2,010
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	15	0	15	2,990	1,720	1,270
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	916,855	446,515	470,340	34,460,060	16,971,575	17,488,485
First generationCensus data footnote 69	240,900	113,865	127,030	8,219,555	3,936,045	4,283,505
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	190,770	95,760	95,010	6,100,725	3,053,075	3,047,650
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	485,185	236,890	248,295	20,139,790	9,982,460	10,157,330
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	165,780	77,010	88,770	5,703,615	2,709,530	2,994,085
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	76,545	38,145	38,400	2,994,130	1,496,240	1,497,885
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	31,820	19,535	12,285	1,220,755	755,370	465,380
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	44,725	18,610	26,115	1,773,380	740,870	1,032,510
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	47,735	18,860	28,875	1,782,490	728,085	1,054,400
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	39,525	19,190	20,330	858,845	453,675	405,175
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	1,975	815	1,165	68,145	31,530	36,615
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	916,860	446,515	470,340	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	22,960	10,865	12,090	1,673,785	813,520	860,265
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	21,815	10,375	11,435	1,629,805	792,970	836,835
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	11,190	5,315	5,875	977,235	471,510	505,725
Métis	9,475	4,540	4,935	587,545	289,435	298,115
Inuk (Inuit)	1,150	520	625	65,030	32,030	32,995
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	550	230	325	21,310	10,165	11,145
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	595	265	335	22,670	10,385	12,290
Non-Aboriginal identity	893,900	435,650	458,250	32,786,280	16,158,060	16,628,225
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	916,855	446,520	470,340	34,460,065	16,971,580	17,488,490
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	5,965	2,725	3,240	820,120	395,670	424,445
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	910,890	443,795	467,095	33,639,945	16,575,905	17,064,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	916,855	446,515	470,340	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,490
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	4,135	1,835	2,300	727,790	356,970	370,815
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	4,055	1,800	2,255	709,235	347,985	361,245
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	2,660	1,200	1,460	573,215	280,040	293,180
Métis single ancestry	875	365	515	91,255	45,740	45,515
Inuit single ancestry	520	240	280	44,765	22,210	22,555
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	75	35	45	18,555	8,985	9,565
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	30	30	15,140	7,305	7,835
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	0	10	2,470	1,205	1,265
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	770	390	380
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	0	170	85	85
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	38,345	17,910	20,430	1,402,735	669,710	733,025
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	37,375	17,520	19,855	1,347,610	644,210	703,400
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25,910	12,030	13,885	881,455	418,215	463,235
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10,600	5,105	5,495	441,000	213,940	227,065
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	860	390	470	25,155	12,045	13,105
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	970	390	575	55,125	25,505	29,625
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	870	355	515	49,325	22,740	26,585
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	20	35	3,470	1,655	1,815
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	25	2,005	940	1,065
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	325	170	160
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	874,385	426,775	447,610	32,329,545	15,944,900	16,384,645
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	916,860	446,520	470,340	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	241,250	116,210	125,035	7,674,580	3,725,090	3,949,495
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	38,750	19,730	19,020	1,924,635	977,690	946,945
Chinese	40,965	19,445	21,515	1,577,060	746,400	830,665
Black	60,205	28,190	32,020	1,198,540	580,070	618,475
Filipino	12,035	4,810	7,225	780,125	341,800	438,330
Latin American	11,150	5,035	6,120	447,325	215,460	231,860
Arab	40,920	21,320	19,605	523,235	276,425	246,810
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	12,365	5,850	6,520	313,260	148,880	164,385
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	9,000	4,590	4,410	264,305	133,475	130,825
Korean	2,955	1,340	1,615	188,710	89,110	99,600
Japanese	2,425	1,005	1,420	92,920	40,105	52,815
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	2,610	1,165	1,445	132,090	62,540	69,550
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	7,860	3,730	4,130	232,375	113,140	119,230
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	675,610	330,305	345,300	26,785,480	13,246,485	13,539,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	916,855	446,520	470,340	34,460,065	16,971,575	17,488,485
North American Aboriginal origins	42,470	19,745	22,730	2,130,520	1,026,675	1,103,840
First Nations (North American Indian)	29,575	13,635	15,940	1,525,570	731,410	794,155
Inuit	1,500	675	830	79,130	38,695	40,435
Métis	12,450	5,870	6,585	599,995	291,310	308,690
Other North American origins	271,890	133,145	138,750	11,628,535	5,745,695	5,882,835
Acadian	3,825	1,875	1,950	119,675	57,805	61,865
American	11,780	5,800	5,980	377,405	182,690	194,715
Canadian	261,225	127,765	133,460	11,135,965	5,501,595	5,634,370
New Brunswicker	40	25	15	1,490	800	685
Newfoundlander	680	425	255	22,215	11,420	10,800
Nova Scotian	110	70	40	3,700	1,770	1,930
Ontarian	315	130	175	3,925	1,980	1,945
Québécois	880	460	420	194,560	99,320	95,235
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	25	15	10	1,895	950	945
European origins	585,625	285,395	300,230	19,683,320	9,687,715	9,995,605
British Isles origins	388,245	189,905	198,335	11,211,850	5,474,735	5,737,115
Channel Islander	100	25	70	3,595	1,740	1,855
Cornish	70	40	20	1,975	995	975
English	193,695	95,765	97,930	6,320,085	3,069,515	3,250,570
Irish	198,635	94,040	104,600	4,627,000	2,195,620	2,431,385
Manx	175	105	70	6,125	3,090	3,040
Scottish	169,955	83,335	86,620	4,799,005	2,323,390	2,475,620
Welsh	17,155	8,235	8,920	474,805	226,600	248,210
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	33,085	15,510	17,580	644,695	307,090	337,610
French origins	184,460	87,770	96,690	4,680,820	2,283,480	2,397,340
Alsatian	50	20	30	2,800	1,300	1,495
Breton	125	75	55	11,845	5,765	6,080
Corsican	55	40	20	1,750	950	805
French	184,385	87,720	96,665	4,670,595	2,278,430	2,392,165
Western European origins (except French origins)	113,155	55,155	58,005	4,600,855	2,258,095	2,342,760
Austrian	5,725	2,805	2,915	207,050	100,775	106,275
Bavarian	65	20	45	940	485	455
Belgian	4,300	2,025	2,275	186,665	91,395	95,270
Dutch	28,500	14,260	14,240	1,111,655	546,565	565,090
Flemish	395	210	190	11,685	5,730	5,960
Frisian	70	40	25	4,590	2,395	2,195
German	78,875	38,125	40,750	3,322,405	1,626,785	1,695,615
Luxembourger	115	65	50	3,915	2,025	1,890
Swiss	4,275	2,070	2,210	155,120	76,935	78,185
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	135	60	75	3,365	1,645	1,720
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	23,395	11,730	11,665	1,201,320	579,005	622,315
Danish	5,135	2,665	2,470	207,470	100,660	106,810
Finnish	3,875	1,955	1,915	143,645	69,045	74,600
Icelandic	1,450	670	780	101,795	49,875	51,915
Norwegian	6,375	3,190	3,185	463,275	223,075	240,200
Swedish	6,870	3,275	3,590	349,645	163,545	186,095
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	1,485	850	640	52,780	26,965	25,820
Eastern European origins	85,565	41,060	44,500	3,431,245	1,666,740	1,764,505
Bulgarian	1,435	675	765	34,565	16,935	17,625
Byelorussian	830	400	430	20,710	10,190	10,515
Czech	3,580	1,655	1,920	104,580	51,555	53,030
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	685	295	390	40,715	19,235	21,480
Estonian	950	425	525	24,530	11,715	12,815
Hungarian	8,475	4,185	4,290	348,085	170,040	178,045
Latvian	1,065	455	610	30,725	14,920	15,805
Lithuanian	2,425	1,200	1,225	59,285	28,745	30,535
Moldovan	375	160	220	14,915	7,265	7,650
Polish	32,345	15,450	16,900	1,106,585	533,830	572,750
Romanian	6,235	3,030	3,210	238,050	114,705	123,345
Russian	15,220	7,005	8,210	622,445	297,600	324,850
Slovak	2,525	1,190	1,335	72,285	35,360	36,925
Ukrainian	24,965	12,015	12,945	1,359,655	663,560	696,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	1,025	545	480	20,415	9,895	10,520
Southern European origins	80,920	39,440	41,480	3,012,375	1,494,605	1,517,775
Albanian	1,070	525	545	36,185	18,385	17,800
Bosnian	1,250	590	665	26,740	13,320	13,420
Catalan	15	10	10	1,280	740	535
Croatian	3,545	1,695	1,850	133,970	67,825	66,140
Cypriot	160	55	100	5,650	2,850	2,795
Greek	6,975	3,510	3,470	271,410	137,405	134,005
Italian	45,705	22,765	22,945	1,587,965	794,525	793,445
Kosovar	55	30	30	2,865	1,470	1,395
Macedonian	550	205	350	43,110	21,650	21,460
Maltese	575	310	265	41,920	20,955	20,965
Montenegrin	150	70	80	4,160	2,180	1,985
Portuguese	9,290	4,495	4,790	482,605	239,360	243,250
Serbian	2,670	1,330	1,340	96,530	49,095	47,440
Sicilian	265	125	140	6,940	3,500	3,435
Slovenian	1,230	590	640	40,470	20,105	20,365
Spanish	12,190	5,390	6,800	396,460	184,520	211,945
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	800	380	415	38,480	18,620	19,860
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	65	25	45	2,170	1,030	1,135
Other European origins	8,005	4,110	3,890	226,695	115,110	111,580
Basque	285	165	125	6,965	3,690	3,275
Jewish	5,755	2,970	2,780	143,660	72,625	71,035
Roma (Gypsy)	75	35	40	4,630	2,195	2,440
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	190	90	100	4,870	2,560	2,310
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	1,760	885	875	67,890	34,730	33,160
Caribbean origins	25,660	11,580	14,080	749,155	349,810	399,345
Antiguan	260	145	110	4,500	2,115	2,385
Bahamian	160	110	50	3,675	1,915	1,760
Barbadian	1,245	525	715	37,780	17,745	20,035
Bermudan	95	55	45	3,075	1,435	1,640
Carib	110	35	75	3,030	1,175	1,860
Cuban	1,110	505	610	29,065	13,800	15,270
Dominican	690	300	390	23,130	11,000	12,125
Grenadian	295	150	140	17,915	7,835	10,080
Guadeloupean	10	10	10	1,125	515	605
Haitian	9,950	4,430	5,520	165,095	76,460	88,635
Jamaican	7,775	3,575	4,195	309,485	145,080	164,410
Kittitian/Nevisian	40	20	20	2,915	1,460	1,460
Martinican	30	15	15	2,010	900	1,110
Montserratan	45	25	20	930	460	470
Puerto Rican	95	35	55	3,405	1,645	1,765
St. Lucian	770	290	475	8,985	4,095	4,890
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,000	910	1,090	78,965	37,325	41,635
Vincentian/Grenadinian	230	85	150	17,420	7,475	9,945
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,600	680	920	70,270	31,625	38,645
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	1,030	490	540	26,830	12,520	14,310
Latin, Central and South American origins	17,740	8,230	9,510	674,640	325,210	349,430
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	790	385	400	22,725	10,875	11,850
Arawak	60	25	35	1,440	610	830
Argentinian	665	365	305	20,680	10,130	10,545
Belizean	90	40	40	1,755	915	845
Bolivian	145	75	70	5,055	2,480	2,580
Brazilian	1,135	555	575	36,830	17,380	19,455
Chilean	1,035	530	505	45,190	22,280	22,910
Colombian	1,945	880	1,065	96,325	45,590	50,735
Costa Rican	165	65	95	5,535	2,680	2,855
Ecuadorian	255	135	120	25,405	11,995	13,415
Guatemalan	420	150	265	26,275	13,360	12,915
Guyanese	1,930	940	990	84,275	39,530	44,745
Hispanic	325	175	155	11,055	5,380	5,670
Honduran	285	90	195	10,650	5,235	5,415
Maya	315	165	155	6,285	3,350	2,940
Mexican	2,830	1,230	1,605	128,485	62,890	65,595
Nicaraguan	1,050	525	520	13,705	6,650	7,055
Panamanian	110	55	55	4,700	2,210	2,495
Paraguayan	30	15	15	4,325	2,165	2,160
Peruvian	1,280	600	680	42,145	19,645	22,505
Salvadorean	2,165	1,050	1,115	66,220	32,960	33,255
Uruguayan	95	35	55	6,795	3,390	3,410
Venezuelan	905	345	560	26,345	12,220	14,125
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,200	495	705	28,455	13,930	14,525
African origins	55,575	26,800	28,775	1,067,930	539,805	528,120
Central and West African origins	11,860	5,840	6,025	230,110	118,040	112,070
Akan	105	60	45	1,955	1,090	870
Angolan	185	85	100	2,960	1,475	1,480
Ashanti	15	10	10	1,585	855	735
Beninese	110	70	45	4,995	2,670	2,320
Burkinabe	275	125	155	3,150	1,665	1,485
Cameroonian	1,280	670	610	24,615	12,390	12,230
Chadian	140	70	70	1,845	955	885
Congolese	3,890	1,730	2,165	38,365	18,925	19,440
Edo	50	25	25	1,945	1,095	855
Ewe	15	10	0	845	470	375
Gabonese	110	65	45	1,405	660	750
Gambian	35	20	15	975	495	475
Ghanaian	1,360	745	615	35,495	17,720	17,770
Guinean	260	120	145	7,240	3,785	3,455
Ibo	110	50	60	5,315	2,850	2,470
Ivorian	505	215	290	10,935	5,485	5,450
Liberian	95	55	40	2,485	1,130	1,360
Malian	160	70	90	4,490	2,280	2,210
Malinké	75	45	35	1,125	585	535
Nigerian	2,020	1,040	985	51,835	27,025	24,805
Peulh	70	35	30	2,435	1,270	1,170
Senegalese	360	170	190	10,175	5,500	4,670
Sierra Leonean	95	40	55	2,620	1,330	1,295
Togolese	315	155	155	5,300	2,870	2,430
Wolof	35	25	10	840	495	345
Yoruba	345	205	135	9,585	5,075	4,515
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	880	450	435	15,380	7,940	7,445
North African origins	12,855	6,625	6,230	355,045	185,775	169,270
Algerian	1,305	650	650	67,335	34,755	32,580
Berber	890	475	415	37,060	19,685	17,375
Coptic	115	55	60	3,535	1,860	1,680
Dinka	50	20	30	900	500	400
Egyptian	5,830	3,060	2,765	99,140	51,730	47,410
Libyan	1,215	625	590	7,740	4,135	3,605
Maure	40	30	10	1,190	655	535
Moroccan	2,150	1,050	1,100	103,940	54,005	49,945
Sudanese	845	420	425	19,960	10,315	9,645
Tunisian	640	330	310	25,645	13,985	11,665
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	455	230	220	6,115	3,320	2,795
Southern and East African origins	22,900	10,710	12,195	260,145	128,325	131,815
Afrikaner	50	25	25	1,870	955	915
Amhara	70	50	25	1,530	815	715
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	375	170	195	3,965	2,175	1,785
Burundian	1,860	825	1,035	10,990	5,405	5,580
Djiboutian	730	300	425	1,710	790	920
Eritrean	1,350	620	730	25,255	12,830	12,430
Ethiopian	2,850	1,295	1,550	44,065	21,680	22,385
Harari	10	10	0	665	355	305
Kenyan	605	305	295	10,915	5,230	5,685
Malagasy	215	110	105	4,500	2,175	2,325
Mauritian	345	145	195	9,325	4,655	4,665
Oromo	285	145	135	3,350	1,745	1,605
Rwandan	1,305	530	775	10,775	5,065	5,705
Seychellois	30	10	25	1,285	575	710
Somali	10,375	4,910	5,465	62,550	30,215	32,330
South African	1,095	530	565	41,375	20,575	20,800
Tanzanian	290	120	165	4,710	2,400	2,310
Tigrian	180	85	90	2,155	1,160	995
Ugandan	395	190	210	5,705	2,875	2,830
Zambian	145	60	80	1,860	935	920
Zimbabwean	315	150	165	8,090	3,975	4,110
Zulu	45	35	15	945	475	475
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,270	635	635	17,305	8,445	8,860
Other African origins	9,260	4,315	4,945	239,560	116,400	123,165
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,160	460	695	30,385	14,015	16,370
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	8,285	3,935	4,345	212,005	103,790	108,215
Asian origins	179,740	88,090	91,650	6,095,235	2,958,120	3,137,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	64,390	33,170	31,225	1,011,145	518,170	492,980
Afghan	3,950	2,015	1,935	83,995	42,320	41,675
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	7,280	3,715	3,555	111,400	58,930	52,475
Armenian	1,470	755	715	63,810	31,505	32,305
Assyrian	130	55	75	13,835	7,115	6,720
Azerbaijani	215	85	135	6,425	3,230	3,200
Georgian	165	105	65	4,775	2,430	2,345
Hazara	50	30	25	1,515	810	705
Iranian	6,840	3,435	3,405	210,405	106,565	103,840
Iraqi	4,690	2,480	2,205	70,925	35,965	34,955
Israeli	715	380	330	28,735	15,065	13,675
Jordanian	1,480	800	680	14,250	7,520	6,735
Kazakh	150	70	80	3,330	1,615	1,710
Kurd	805	435	370	16,315	8,810	7,515
Kuwaiti	965	485	480	2,235	1,185	1,055
Kyrgyz	35	20	10	1,060	510	550
Lebanese	25,970	13,320	12,650	219,555	112,970	106,590
Palestinian	3,995	2,225	1,765	44,820	23,900	20,920
Pashtun	225	115	110	4,810	2,565	2,245
Saudi Arabian	575	275	300	6,810	3,935	2,880
Syrian	4,505	2,330	2,175	77,045	38,445	38,600
Tajik	100	55	45	2,905	1,410	1,495
Tatar	145	55	90	4,825	2,155	2,670
Turk	2,890	1,525	1,360	63,955	32,855	31,100
Turkmen	100	55	50	1,040	540	500
Uighur	50	35	20	1,555	775	785
Uzbek	165	75	90	3,920	1,920	2,000
Yemeni	1,005	510	490	6,645	3,335	3,305
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	2,085	1,070	1,015	25,280	13,180	12,100
South Asian origins	40,725	20,625	20,105	1,963,330	993,595	969,735
Bangladeshi	2,275	1,190	1,090	45,940	23,645	22,300
Bengali	1,040	525	520	22,900	11,730	11,180
Bhutanese	315	165	145	3,600	1,765	1,835
East Indian	27,665	14,025	13,635	1,374,710	694,990	679,720
Goan	125	70	55	6,070	2,915	3,155
Gujarati	180	115	70	8,350	4,305	4,050
Kashmiri	50	20	35	3,115	1,605	1,510
Nepali	890	435	455	17,140	8,715	8,420
Pakistani	4,450	2,225	2,225	215,555	110,420	105,140
Punjabi	1,100	575	525	118,400	61,155	57,240
Sinhalese	290	150	145	7,285	3,605	3,685
Sri Lankan	2,660	1,315	1,345	152,595	75,010	77,585
Tamil	940	470	475	48,670	24,845	23,825
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	2,210	1,105	1,105	76,400	38,815	37,585
East and Southeast Asian origins	76,425	35,140	41,285	3,163,360	1,467,205	1,696,155
Burmese	585	295	290	9,335	4,535	4,795
Cambodian (Khmer)	2,330	1,070	1,260	38,490	18,515	19,980
Chinese	46,315	21,790	24,525	1,769,195	836,150	933,045
Filipino	13,210	5,365	7,850	837,130	369,105	468,025
Hmong	0	0	0	805	420	390
Indonesian	590	245	345	21,390	9,950	11,440
Japanese	3,105	1,290	1,820	121,485	53,415	68,070
Karen	285	150	135	4,510	2,275	2,240
Korean	3,175	1,475	1,700	198,210	93,680	104,525
Laotian	675	315	360	24,580	12,190	12,390
Malaysian	470	175	300	16,920	7,735	9,185
Mongolian	265	150	115	7,480	3,560	3,915
Singaporean	45	20	25	2,850	1,325	1,520
Taiwanese	710	325	390	36,510	16,570	19,945
Thai	640	210	430	19,010	7,330	11,680
Tibetan	90	40	50	8,040	4,055	3,985
Vietnamese	8,800	4,325	4,475	240,615	115,935	124,680
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	255	140	115	6,500	3,150	3,355
Other Asian origins	345	155	190	22,745	11,280	11,460
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	345	155	185	22,740	11,280	11,460
Oceania origins	1,925	925	1,000	85,470	43,030	42,440
Australian	1,270	580	685	42,315	21,710	20,605
New Zealander	470	260	210	15,395	8,065	7,330
Pacific Islands origins	225	95	130	29,485	14,240	15,250
Fijian	55	20	40	19,375	9,280	10,090
Hawaiian	15	0	10	3,295	1,500	1,795
Maori	20	20	0	2,500	1,310	1,195
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	80	20	60	1,530	725	805
Samoan	40	20	15	1,100	625	475
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	40	25	15	2,335	1,145	1,185
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	373,755	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Owner	245,475	...	...	9,541,320	...	...
Renter	128,285	...	...	4,474,530	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	56,230	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	373,760	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Condominium	57,910	...	...	1,874,840	...	...
Not condominium	315,850	...	...	12,197,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	373,760	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
No bedrooms	2,495	...	...	93,345	...	...
1 bedroom	53,480	...	...	1,925,015	...	...
2 bedrooms	77,025	...	...	3,547,090	...	...
3 bedrooms	141,845	...	...	4,836,485	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	98,910	...	...	3,670,145	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	373,760	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	99,095	...	...	4,068,915	...	...
5 rooms	48,275	...	...	2,177,045	...	...
6 rooms	53,450	...	...	1,981,585	...	...
7 rooms	54,410	...	...	1,790,180	...	...
8 or more rooms	118,535	...	...	4,054,355	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	373,755	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
One person or fewer per room	367,900	...	...	13,802,060	...	...
More than 1 person per room	5,855	...	...	270,020	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	373,755	...	...	14,072,075	...	...
Suitable	356,380	...	...	13,376,345	...	...
Not suitable	17,370	...	...	695,730	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	373,755	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1960 or before	65,760	...	...	3,126,380	...	...
1961 to 1980	114,380	...	...	4,185,510	...	...
1981 to 1990	62,060	...	...	1,977,640	...	...
1991 to 2000	44,485	...	...	1,746,390	...	...
2001 to 2005	29,140	...	...	976,390	...	...
2006 to 2010	30,255	...	...	1,089,750	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	27,680	...	...	970,015	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	373,760	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	353,775	...	...	13,151,600	...	...
Major repairs needed	19,980	...	...	920,480	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	373,760	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
1 household maintainer	210,240	...	...	8,324,865	...	...
2 household maintainers	153,670	...	...	5,404,800	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	9,845	...	...	342,415	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	373,760	...	...	14,072,080	...	...
15 to 24 years	15,135	...	...	437,230	...	...
25 to 34 years	55,950	...	...	1,991,685	...	...
35 to 44 years	65,740	...	...	2,414,920	...	...
45 to 54 years	81,185	...	...	2,862,870	...	...
55 to 64 years	71,840	...	...	2,859,315	...	...
65 to 74 years	49,285	...	...	2,034,220	...	...
75 to 84 years	25,620	...	...	1,084,700	...	...
85 years and over	9,015	...	...	387,135	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	372,615	...	...	13,798,305	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	283,950	...	...	10,472,355	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	88,665	...	...	3,325,950	...	...
30% to less than 100%	75,100	...	...	2,861,615	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	244,675	...	...	9,368,330	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	60.6	...	...	60.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	14.1	...	...	16.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,434	...	...	1,130	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,505	...	...	1,313	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	400,148	...	...	341,556	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	444,589	...	...	443,058	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	128,245	...	...	4,452,850	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	15.9	...	...	13.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	42.3	...	...	40.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,112	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,148	...	...	1,002	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	761,420	367,445	393,975	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,580
No certificate, diploma or degree	93,225	46,055	47,165	5,239,575	2,667,995	2,571,585
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	183,115	90,495	92,615	7,576,400	3,686,630	3,889,770
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	485,085	230,890	254,190	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	31,325	19,630	11,695	2,800,260	1,906,610	893,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	17,275	9,490	7,785	1,549,880	880,365	669,515
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	14,050	10,140	3,910	1,250,385	1,026,250	224,140
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	152,105	67,305	84,795	5,553,825	2,326,940	3,226,890
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	14,955	6,065	8,885	813,335	331,940	481,395
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	286,700	137,890	148,810	6,659,615	3,070,315	3,589,300
Bachelor's degree	175,940	81,065	94,870	4,443,835	1,967,905	2,475,935
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	16,030	6,860	9,170	462,295	203,725	258,570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,745	3,355	3,390	190,925	102,530	88,395
Master's degree	72,470	36,285	36,185	1,331,045	651,510	679,535
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	15,515	10,320	5,195	231,510	144,640	86,870
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	504,215	243,340	260,875	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No certificate, diploma or degree	31,550	16,730	14,820	2,169,790	1,200,110	969,685
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	96,735	50,005	46,720	4,494,585	2,247,020	2,247,565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	375,930	176,600	199,325	12,267,005	5,821,425	6,445,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	21,580	13,395	8,185	2,042,430	1,377,775	664,650
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	11,985	6,470	5,510	1,145,035	639,785	505,250
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	9,595	6,920	2,675	897,390	737,990	159,405
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	117,685	53,010	64,670	4,241,985	1,786,065	2,455,920
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	9,945	4,205	5,745	580,885	240,040	340,850
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	226,720	105,990	120,735	5,401,705	2,417,555	2,984,155
Bachelor's degree	138,035	62,955	75,080	3,590,080	1,562,160	2,027,925
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	12,205	4,810	7,395	362,455	151,205	211,250
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	5,350	2,380	2,965	153,290	74,440	78,855
Master's degree	59,850	28,935	30,915	1,120,190	527,335	592,850
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	11,280	6,900	4,380	175,685	102,415	73,275
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	761,420	367,445	393,975	28,643,015	13,990,430	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	276,340	136,555	139,785	12,815,980	6,354,625	6,461,350
Education	26,620	5,965	20,655	1,060,095	251,290	808,800
13. Education	26,615	5,965	20,655	1,060,095	251,290	808,805
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	17,295	7,670	9,625	596,230	268,050	328,180
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,570	2,570	1,000	99,020	72,865	26,150
50. Visual and performing arts	13,725	5,100	8,630	497,210	195,185	302,025
Humanities	33,380	12,600	20,780	850,840	330,490	520,345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	5,220	1,070	4,150	98,000	22,100	75,900
23. English language and literature/letters	8,905	2,680	6,225	178,590	52,785	125,810
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,170	2,280	3,895	275,525	104,135	171,390
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	325	90	235	4,160	1,640	2,520
38. Philosophy and religious studies	2,375	1,330	1,050	51,930	30,185	21,750
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,760	1,045	715	77,490	46,285	31,200
54. History	6,510	3,665	2,840	111,465	59,965	51,500
55. French language and literature/letters	2,110	430	1,680	53,680	13,400	40,290
Social and behavioural sciences and law	87,805	33,780	54,025	1,761,900	586,455	1,175,445
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,400	380	1,015	24,685	5,660	19,025
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	9,210	3,270	5,945	182,275	68,030	114,245
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	8,930	775	8,155	324,660	26,065	298,595
22. Legal professions and studies	13,865	5,285	8,580	289,600	102,660	186,945
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,770	500	1,270	35,445	8,150	27,295
42. Psychology	13,205	3,340	9,860	281,470	71,230	210,230
45. Social sciences	39,425	20,230	19,195	623,775	304,660	319,110
Business, management and public administration	94,585	40,680	53,900	3,360,045	1,272,475	2,087,565
30.16 Accounting and computer science	170	85	85	6,190	1,850	4,340
44. Public administration and social service professions	9,805	2,885	6,920	237,835	48,815	189,015
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	84,605	37,715	46,895	3,116,025	1,221,805	1,894,215
Physical and life sciences and technologies	26,185	13,400	12,790	614,280	315,665	298,615
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	12,930	5,340	7,585	249,955	105,560	144,400
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	3,795	1,875	1,920	125,600	61,685	63,915
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	280	70	215	28,155	12,625	15,530
40. Physical sciences	8,435	5,830	2,610	179,305	122,815	56,485
41. Science technologies/technicians	745	285	465	31,270	12,980	18,290
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	34,210	22,165	12,050	651,480	420,370	231,110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25,670	18,080	7,590	514,685	356,435	158,250
25. Library science	2,620	545	2,070	40,820	6,495	34,320
27. Mathematics and statistics	4,895	2,870	2,025	86,655	50,930	35,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	1,030	670	365	9,325	6,510	2,815
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	77,655	66,980	10,675	3,327,405	3,022,700	304,700
04. Architecture and related services	4,435	2,855	1,580	114,315	72,880	41,435
14. Engineering	35,325	28,720	6,610	752,465	615,880	136,585
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	16,760	15,010	1,750	620,065	551,855	68,205
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	35	0	30	410	85	325
46. Construction trades	8,340	8,135	210	702,155	682,710	19,445
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	9,425	9,105	320	731,135	709,430	21,705
48. Precision production	3,335	3,150	185	406,855	389,850	17,005
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	6,685	3,555	3,130	339,050	219,040	120,010
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	3,650	2,045	1,600	205,930	127,925	78,005
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,035	1,510	1,525	133,120	91,115	42,005
Health and related fields	59,740	13,110	46,630	2,266,720	441,180	1,825,545
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,840	2,830	3,015	164,295	81,260	83,040
51. Health professions and related programs	51,710	9,120	42,590	2,047,680	329,010	1,718,670
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,190	1,165	1,025	54,740	30,910	23,830
Personal, protective and transportation services	20,855	10,960	9,895	995,825	507,200	488,630
12. Personal and culinary services	11,265	3,435	7,835	565,555	151,530	414,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	755	615	140	3,505	3,080	420
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	430	390	35	7,900	7,230	670
43. Security and protective services	6,185	4,510	1,670	206,745	150,540	56,205
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,210	2,010	205	212,125	194,810	17,315
Other	70	30	40	3,170	885	2,280
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	70	30	40	3,170	890	2,280
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	504,210	243,340	260,870	18,931,385	9,268,555	9,662,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	128,285	66,735	61,545	6,664,380	3,447,130	3,217,250
Education	18,350	3,910	14,440	727,515	160,315	567,205
13. Education	18,350	3,910	14,440	727,515	160,315	567,200
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,305	5,875	7,430	467,905	208,365	259,545
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,725	1,890	835	74,530	53,995	20,535
50. Visual and performing arts	10,580	3,985	6,595	393,375	154,370	239,005
Humanities	23,905	8,975	14,925	614,815	232,425	382,390
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	4,055	790	3,265	76,540	16,200	60,340
23. English language and literature/letters	6,400	1,935	4,465	133,800	38,310	95,485
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	4,280	1,595	2,680	191,005	71,770	119,235
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	250	65	185	3,140	1,250	1,895
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,675	960	720	37,870	21,930	15,940
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,215	760	455	52,295	31,200	21,090
54. History	4,745	2,660	2,085	82,565	43,475	39,085
55. French language and literature/letters	1,285	215	1,070	37,600	8,285	29,315
Social and behavioural sciences and law	69,960	25,915	44,045	1,417,625	453,100	964,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	1,150	285	860	20,300	4,595	15,705
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	7,375	2,605	4,765	152,080	56,125	95,955
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,005	610	6,395	259,845	19,160	240,685
22. Legal professions and studies	11,665	4,035	7,635	241,170	76,720	164,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	1,450	420	1,035	27,310	6,390	20,920
42. Psychology	10,095	2,445	7,645	218,470	51,570	166,900
45. Social sciences	31,220	15,510	15,710	498,450	238,540	259,915
Business, management and public administration	75,180	31,655	43,520	2,696,770	1,000,895	1,695,875
30.16 Accounting and computer science	150	75	85	4,955	1,480	3,475
44. Public administration and social service professions	7,815	2,235	5,580	192,190	36,890	155,305
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	67,215	29,350	37,865	2,499,625	962,530	1,537,095
Physical and life sciences and technologies	19,025	9,085	9,935	449,870	222,120	227,755
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	9,760	3,805	5,955	195,830	79,945	115,880
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	2,665	1,275	1,385	89,205	42,265	46,945
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	210	55	160	9,280	3,850	5,430
40. Physical sciences	5,870	3,775	2,095	132,935	87,025	45,905
41. Science technologies/technicians	520	175	340	22,625	9,035	13,590
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	29,750	19,400	10,350	567,415	368,840	198,575
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	23,355	16,380	6,970	464,000	321,805	142,190
25. Library science	1,845	390	1,450	29,955	4,870	25,080
27. Mathematics and statistics	3,630	2,045	1,585	65,620	36,895	28,725
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	925	575	350	7,840	5,270	2,575
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	59,730	50,695	9,040	2,532,555	2,271,735	260,820
04. Architecture and related services	3,505	2,165	1,340	93,135	57,280	35,850
14. Engineering	28,120	22,350	5,770	612,265	490,980	121,285
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	12,785	11,435	1,345	475,045	418,595	56,450
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	25	0	25	350	70	275
46. Construction trades	6,115	5,940	175	515,630	499,670	15,960
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,850	6,590	260	540,800	523,425	17,375
48. Precision production	2,335	2,210	125	295,335	281,715	13,620
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	5,200	2,610	2,590	269,445	167,680	101,770
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,675	1,370	1,305	159,975	94,680	65,295
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,525	1,240	1,285	109,470	73,000	36,470
Health and related fields	45,480	10,160	35,325	1,749,545	342,395	1,407,145
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,600	2,195	2,405	129,560	63,315	66,245
51. Health professions and related programs	39,175	7,170	32,010	1,576,945	256,895	1,320,050
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	1,710	795	910	43,040	22,185	20,860
Personal, protective and transportation services	15,980	8,285	7,695	770,950	392,820	378,135
12. Personal and culinary services	8,580	2,635	5,945	431,415	114,395	317,025
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	630	500	130	2,725	2,355	375
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	220	30	4,425	3,975	445
43. Security and protective services	4,860	3,455	1,400	162,995	116,750	46,240
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,650	1,475	180	169,400	155,340	14,050
Other	70	25	35	2,590	745	1,845
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	70	30	40	2,585	740	1,845
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	761,420	367,445	393,970	28,643,015	13,990,435	14,652,585
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	276,335	136,555	139,780	12,815,975	6,354,625	6,461,350
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	485,085	230,890	254,195	15,827,040	7,635,805	8,191,235
Location of study inside Canada	407,230	193,450	213,785	13,117,190	6,299,305	6,817,890
Same as province or territory of residence	331,705	157,265	174,440	11,519,215	5,503,640	6,015,575
Different than province or territory of residence	75,530	36,185	39,340	1,597,975	795,655	802,315
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	77,850	37,445	40,410	2,709,850	1,336,505	1,373,345
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,605	6,455	5,150	349,540	189,995	159,545
Philippines	4,420	1,365	3,055	298,830	109,820	189,020
India	5,520	2,660	2,865	281,415	142,410	138,995
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	9,650	5,425	4,220	232,035	131,050	100,980
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	6,235	2,845	3,390	205,375	94,690	110,685
France	2,075	1,030	1,040	88,860	50,400	38,455
Other	38,350	17,660	20,690	1,253,790	618,135	635,655
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	504,210	243,340	260,875	18,931,380	9,268,555	9,662,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	128,285	66,735	61,545	6,664,380	3,447,125	3,217,250
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	375,930	176,605	199,330	12,267,005	5,821,430	6,445,575
Location of study inside Canada	317,880	149,900	167,975	10,134,590	4,807,045	5,327,545
Same as province or territory of residence	260,230	122,380	137,855	8,918,160	4,207,495	4,710,665
Different than province or territory of residence	57,645	27,520	30,125	1,216,425	599,545	616,875
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	58,055	26,705	31,350	2,132,415	1,014,385	1,118,030
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	8,370	4,440	3,930	254,245	131,955	122,290
Philippines	3,825	1,165	2,665	263,095	96,025	167,065
India	3,920	1,830	2,090	239,535	117,445	122,090
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	5,560	3,030	2,535	133,655	73,575	60,085
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	4,565	2,010	2,555	175,825	79,635	96,190
France	1,660	810	845	72,920	40,610	32,310
Other	30,150	13,415	16,735	993,135	475,145	517,990
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	761,420	367,445	393,975	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,585
In the labour force	513,660	261,415	252,245	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,645
Employed	476,540	241,720	234,825	17,230,040	8,923,540	8,306,490
Unemployed	37,120	19,695	17,425	1,442,435	808,285	634,150
Not in the labour force	247,760	106,030	141,730	9,970,545	4,258,605	5,711,945
Participation rate	67.5	71.1	64.0	65.2	69.6	61.0
Employment rate	62.6	65.8	59.6	60.2	63.8	56.7
Unemployment rate	7.2	7.5	6.9	7.7	8.3	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	761,420	367,445	393,975	28,643,020	13,990,430	14,652,580
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	235,435	100,700	134,730	9,282,005	3,930,570	5,351,440
Worked	525,985	266,745	259,245	19,361,010	10,059,865	9,301,150
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	286,235	155,245	130,990	9,626,010	5,402,110	4,223,895
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	239,750	111,500	128,255	9,735,005	4,657,755	5,077,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.3	43.7	42.8	42.4	42.9	42.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	513,660	261,415	252,245	18,672,470	9,731,825	8,940,640
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,570	6,260	6,310	404,350	197,705	206,640
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	501,090	255,155	245,935	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
Employee	450,125	224,580	225,540	16,073,685	8,158,745	7,914,940
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	50,965	30,570	20,400	2,194,440	1,375,380	819,060
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	513,655	261,410	252,245	18,672,470	9,731,830	8,940,645
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,565	6,260	6,310	404,350	197,710	206,640
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	501,090	255,155	245,935	18,268,120	9,534,120	8,734,005
0 Management occupations	60,330	36,340	23,985	2,013,370	1,251,165	762,205
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	91,295	30,990	60,305	2,874,305	862,870	2,011,440
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	61,740	46,610	15,130	1,273,660	990,560	283,105
3 Health occupations	32,880	7,690	25,195	1,245,885	244,730	1,001,155
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	81,805	29,970	51,835	2,138,445	672,945	1,465,495
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	19,320	8,520	10,805	557,275	255,705	301,570
6 Sales and service occupations	107,655	53,240	54,410	4,265,895	1,843,510	2,422,390
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	36,775	34,710	2,065	2,668,875	2,504,290	164,585
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,350	3,575	775	416,135	331,920	84,215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	4,940	3,505	1,430	814,285	576,435	237,845
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	513,655	261,415	252,245	18,672,475	9,731,830	8,940,640
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,570	6,260	6,310	404,350	197,710	206,640
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	501,090	255,155	245,940	18,268,125	9,534,120	8,734,000
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,245	1,395	850	444,680	310,000	134,675
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	490	420	70	271,300	219,880	51,420
22 Utilities	1,290	935	350	136,350	100,135	36,210
23 Construction	23,125	20,060	3,065	1,365,010	1,196,550	168,455
31-33 Manufacturing	15,670	11,005	4,665	1,596,570	1,149,745	446,820
41 Wholesale trade	11,890	8,605	3,290	665,685	451,230	214,455
44-45 Retail trade	52,590	26,900	25,690	2,110,200	984,090	1,126,115
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	14,450	10,805	3,645	876,050	656,375	219,670
51 Information and cultural industries	13,975	8,755	5,220	420,350	243,650	176,705
52 Finance and insurance	16,540	7,720	8,825	790,580	327,865	462,715
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	9,155	4,985	4,170	333,305	184,350	148,955
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	51,970	31,780	20,185	1,335,125	740,520	594,605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	405	155	250	28,795	12,795	16,000
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	21,850	13,305	8,540	802,420	462,825	339,590
61 Educational services	40,885	13,840	27,045	1,346,585	420,845	925,735
62 Health care and social assistance	54,620	11,735	42,885	2,138,025	383,755	1,754,270
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10,005	4,850	5,155	379,740	192,875	186,865
72 Accommodation and food services	33,715	16,905	16,810	1,283,725	535,210	748,515
81 Other services (except public administration)	20,860	8,335	12,530	814,695	371,880	442,815
91 Public administration	105,350	52,655	52,700	1,128,945	589,530	539,405
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	476,540	241,715	234,820	17,230,035	8,923,540	8,306,495
Worked at home	34,565	17,295	17,270	1,272,285	639,500	632,785
Worked outside Canada	2,125	1,470	655	78,815	54,235	24,580
No fixed workplace address	39,370	27,920	11,445	1,987,260	1,487,445	499,820
Worked at usual place	400,475	195,030	205,445	13,891,675	6,742,360	7,149,315
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	400,480	195,030	205,445	13,891,680	6,742,365	7,149,315
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	370,510	179,440	191,070	8,102,115	3,723,115	4,379,005
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	2,906,390	1,435,640	1,470,750
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,795	4,815	3,980	2,725,205	1,492,170	1,233,030
Commute to a different province or territory	21,175	10,775	10,395	157,970	91,445	66,525
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	439,850	222,950	216,890	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Car, truck, van - as a driver	275,615	149,520	126,095	11,748,095	6,380,120	5,367,975
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	25,245	7,930	17,320	868,920	349,855	519,065
Public transit	90,685	40,690	50,000	1,968,215	846,735	1,121,485
Walked	32,450	15,290	17,160	877,985	392,950	485,030
Bicycle	11,460	7,375	4,085	222,130	146,615	75,515
Other method	4,375	2,140	2,240	193,595	113,525	80,060
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	439,850	222,955	216,890	15,878,945	8,229,810	7,649,130
Less than 15 minutes	87,280	42,115	45,170	4,449,920	2,071,365	2,378,555
15 to 29 minutes	167,425	86,425	80,995	5,314,295	2,725,165	2,589,130
30 to 44 minutes	108,735	56,795	51,945	3,228,845	1,782,680	1,446,165
45 to 59 minutes	44,635	21,745	22,890	1,391,060	768,115	622,940
60 minutes and over	31,770	15,875	15,900	1,494,830	882,485	612,345
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	439,845	222,955	216,890	15,878,940	8,229,810	7,649,135
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	18,975	12,520	6,450	1,073,680	781,230	292,455
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	75,720	41,605	34,115	2,814,750	1,754,045	1,060,710
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	128,840	61,685	67,150	4,458,835	2,217,210	2,241,620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	108,525	52,265	56,255	3,349,975	1,408,710	1,941,265
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	51,015	24,560	26,455	1,756,265	752,940	1,003,325
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	56,780	30,315	26,465	2,425,435	1,315,670	1,109,765
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	540,925	274,115	266,810	19,956,255	10,342,970	9,613,285
Single responses	514,005	261,900	252,100	19,365,980	10,042,855	9,323,130
Official languages	510,545	260,165	250,380	19,090,545	9,897,470	9,193,075
English	485,330	250,895	234,435	15,265,335	7,952,010	7,313,320
French	25,215	9,270	15,950	3,825,215	1,945,465	1,879,750
Non-official languages	3,460	1,740	1,720	275,430	145,380	130,055
Aboriginal languages	35	10	25	24,950	12,385	12,565
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	14,440	7,370	7,070
Blackfoot	0	0	0	80	45	35
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	11,540	5,820	5,720
Atikamekw	0	0	0	1,095	580	515
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	2,055	970	1,085
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	370	180	190
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	40	25	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	95	60	35
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	15	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	75	35	40
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	7,795	3,965	3,835
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	925	510	420
Malecite	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	915	505	410
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	1,895	995	900
Algonquin	0	0	0	45	20	25
Ojibway	0	0	0	765	380	385
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	1,080	595	485
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,140	530	610
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	1,135	525	610
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chilcotin	0	0	0	20	0	10
Dene	0	0	0	770	360	405
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	165	80	80
Gwich'in	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	95	45	45
South Slavey	0	0	0	35	20	20
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	10
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Inuit languages	25	10	25	8,845	4,255	4,595
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	35	10	25
Inuktitut	25	0	20	8,800	4,240	4,555
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Cayuga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	110	25	85
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	15	10	10
Okanagan	0	0	0	20	10	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	35	0	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	260	155	105
Dakota	0	0	0	20	10	10
Stoney	0	0	0	240	145	95
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,425	1,730	1,695	250,485	132,990	117,490
Afro-Asiatic languages	610	365	250	7,380	4,530	2,850
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	0	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	15
Cushitic languages	25	0	20	275	105	170
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	45	25	20
Somali	20	0	20	220	80	145
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	590	360	225	7,065	4,420	2,650
Amharic	10	0	0	200	95	100
Arabic	565	345	220	5,585	3,695	1,890
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	205	155	55
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	30	20	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	15	0	825	335	490
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tigrigna	10	0	0	135	70	60
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	135	50	90	8,550	3,790	4,760
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	475	230	245
Vietnamese	135	50	90	8,070	3,560	4,510
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	20	25	3,850	1,750	2,095
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	75	20	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	110	50	60
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	10	0	140	75	65
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	10	20	3,450	1,580	1,875
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	40	25	15
Creole languages	25	10	15	350	125	225
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	25	10	15
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	315	110	200
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Dravidian languages	10	15	0	2,225	1,060	1,165
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	90	50	45
Tamil	0	10	0	2,090	1,005	1,080
Telugu	0	0	0	45	10	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-European languages	880	385	500	85,550	47,305	38,245
Albanian	0	0	0	350	220	125
Armenian	10	0	10	450	220	230
Balto-Slavic languages	265	90	175	10,075	4,745	5,330
Baltic languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Latvian	0	0	0	40	10	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	60	25	30
Slavic languages	265	90	180	9,980	4,710	5,270
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	10	155	90	65
Bulgarian	0	10	0	205	110	90
Croatian	0	10	0	220	130	95
Czech	0	10	0	70	40	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	95	45	55
Polish	40	15	30	2,500	1,265	1,235
Russian	150	35	105	4,850	2,135	2,720
Serbian	25	10	15	530	320	210
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Slovak	0	0	0	100	60	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ukrainian	25	10	15	1,210	485	725
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	15	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages	115	45	65	13,285	7,455	5,835
Afrikaans	0	0	0	85	40	40
Danish	10	0	0	90	50	35
Dutch	15	10	10	1,165	630	540
Frisian	0	0	0	40	25	15
German	75	30	45	10,065	5,715	4,345
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	65	30	40
Swedish	10	0	10	125	55	70
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Yiddish	10	0	10	895	390	505
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	720	495	225
Greek	10	10	10	1,020	545	475
Indo-Iranian languages	115	60	55	37,330	21,140	16,190
Indo-Aryan languages	55	35	20	32,485	18,125	14,360
Bengali	10	10	0	530	275	245
Gujarati	0	0	0	880	300	585
Hindi	20	15	0	1,405	755	650
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nepali	0	0	0	195	95	100
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	0	10	27,870	15,945	11,920
Sindhi	0	0	0	35	10	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	40	25	20
Urdu	20	15	10	1,495	705	790
Iranian languages	60	25	40	4,820	3,000	1,815
Kurdish	0	0	0	185	150	40
Pashto	10	10	0	50	20	25
Persian (Farsi)	50	20	35	4,580	2,830	1,750
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages	360	180	185	23,025	12,965	10,060
Catalan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Italian	45	30	10	1,705	895	805
Portuguese	85	60	25	7,490	4,795	2,695
Romanian	0	0	0	745	365	380
Spanish	235	90	145	13,030	6,885	6,145
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Japanese	60	25	30	3,255	1,195	2,065
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Georgian	10	0	10	30	10	20
Korean	90	45	45	12,150	6,260	5,885
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	15	235	120	115
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	20	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	0	15	25	0	15
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	80	50	30
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	30	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	20	20	1,920	740	1,180
American Sign Language	35	15	15	1,145	340	810
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	135	15	115
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	640	390	255
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,425	750	675	122,880	65,030	57,850
Chinese languages	1,420	745	675	122,610	64,880	57,730
Cantonese	555	315	240	58,815	30,485	28,340
Hakka	0	0	0	70	25	45
Mandarin	820	395	425	60,090	32,430	27,665
Min Dong	0	0	0	25	15	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	565	335	225
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	10	0	105	65	45
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	40	10	2,930	1,530	1,405
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	270	155	115
Burmese	0	10	0	75	35	35
Karenic languages	0	0	0	135	75	55
Tibetan	0	0	0	50	30	20
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages	35	25	10	675	270	405
Lao	15	10	10	150	70	80
Thai	25	15	10	525	205	325
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	30	15	10	750	475	275
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	30	20	0
Turkish	20	0	15	685	435	255
Uyghur	10	10	0	15	15	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	595	270	325
Estonian	0	0	0	50	15	40
Finnish	10	10	10	105	40	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	435	225	215
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	80	45	35
Multiple responses	26,920	12,210	14,710	590,270	300,115	290,155
English and French	22,900	10,265	12,630	412,680	211,095	201,585
English and non-official language	3,260	1,590	1,670	154,285	77,870	76,420
French and non-official language	65	20	45	7,830	3,595	4,235
English, French and non-official language	700	335	365	15,475	7,565	7,915
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	540,925	274,115	266,810	19,956,250	10,342,970	9,613,290
None	409,325	213,985	195,345	17,456,725	9,056,235	8,400,490
English	18,695	7,490	11,210	1,259,225	661,460	597,765
French	102,315	47,390	54,925	705,780	349,035	356,745
Non-official language	9,095	4,585	4,510	496,565	257,455	239,105
Aboriginal	130	45	80	37,615	17,215	20,400
Non-Aboriginal	8,965	4,540	4,425	458,945	240,245	218,710
English and French	115	40	75	2,535	1,200	1,335
English and non-official language	135	60	80	18,040	8,765	9,280
French and non-official language	1,230	565	670	17,265	8,730	8,540
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	115	90	30
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	907,585	441,820	465,765	34,091,785	16,783,745	17,308,035
Non-movers	784,725	381,500	403,225	29,644,795	14,593,190	15,051,605
Movers	122,855	60,320	62,535	4,446,990	2,190,555	2,256,435
Non-migrants	85,920	42,245	43,665	2,623,515	1,292,750	1,330,760
Migrants	36,945	18,075	18,865	1,823,475	897,805	925,670
Internal migrants	24,555	11,840	12,715	1,451,005	713,060	737,945
Intraprovincial migrants	13,880	6,560	7,320	1,189,525	580,895	608,630
Interprovincial migrants	10,675	5,280	5,400	261,475	132,160	129,315
External migrants	12,390	6,235	6,150	372,475	184,745	187,730
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	868,135	422,015	446,115	32,568,560	16,004,315	16,564,245
Non-movers	524,030	253,965	270,065	20,134,760	9,902,645	10,232,115
Movers	344,100	168,050	176,055	12,433,805	6,101,675	6,332,130
Non-migrants	228,065	111,480	116,590	6,755,630	3,314,730	3,440,905
Migrants	116,030	56,570	59,460	5,678,175	2,786,945	2,891,230
Internal migrants	74,765	35,860	38,910	4,296,720	2,104,325	2,192,395
Intraprovincial migrants	42,440	20,160	22,285	3,467,670	1,689,950	1,777,720
Interprovincial migrants	32,325	15,700	16,625	829,045	414,375	414,670
External migrants	41,265	20,710	20,560	1,381,460	682,625	698,835