Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cochrane, District [Census division], Ontario and Squamish-Lillooet B, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Cochrane, DIS Ontario [Census division]			Squamish-Lillooet B, RDA British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Cochrane, District [Census division], Ontario Map : Cochrane, District [Census division], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Squamish-Lillooet B, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	79,682	...	...	363	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	81,122	...	...	451^rE	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.8	...	...	-19.5^E	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	37,974	...	...	319	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	34,012	...	...	183	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	0.6	...	...	0.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	141,268.51	...	...	3,465.50	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	79,680	39,570	40,110	365	195	170
0 to 14 years	13,530	6,860	6,670	30	15	15
0 to 4 years	4,435	2,235	2,195	10	5	5
5 to 9 years	4,685	2,365	2,320	10	0	10
10 to 14 years	4,415	2,265	2,145	15	10	5
15 to 64 years	52,460	26,355	26,105	235	115	115
15 to 19 years	4,720	2,420	2,300	15	10	5
20 to 24 years	4,635	2,385	2,250	10	0	5
25 to 29 years	4,715	2,360	2,350	15	5	10
30 to 34 years	4,610	2,295	2,315	25	10	15
35 to 39 years	4,560	2,230	2,330	10	5	5
40 to 44 years	4,740	2,355	2,390	15	5	10
45 to 49 years	5,250	2,570	2,680	20	10	5
50 to 54 years	6,630	3,305	3,325	35	20	20
55 to 59 years	6,880	3,495	3,385	35	15	15
60 to 64 years	5,715	2,935	2,785	55	35	20
65 years and over	13,690	6,350	7,340	100	60	40
65 to 69 years	4,645	2,320	2,325	45	25	15
70 to 74 years	3,355	1,675	1,680	35	20	15
75 to 79 years	2,370	1,035	1,330	15	5	5
80 to 84 years	1,790	770	1,015	10	5	5
85 years and over	1,530	545	990	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	990	395	595	0	0	0
90 to 94 years	435	130	305	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	85	15	70	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	5	15	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.0	17.3	16.6	8.2	7.7	8.8
15 to 64 years	65.8	66.6	65.1	64.4	59.0	67.6
65 years and over	17.2	16.0	18.3	27.4	30.8	23.5
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.5	1.4	2.6	0.0
Average age of the population	41.6	41.0	42.2	50.5	52.1	48.6
Median age of the population	43.3	42.7	43.9	55.8	58.9	54.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	34,015	...	...	180	...	...
Single-detached house	23,495	...	...	170	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	690	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	9,355	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,920	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	925	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,505	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	4,845	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	150	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	470	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	34,010	...	...	180	...	...
1 person	10,040	...	...	60	...	...
2 persons	12,835	...	...	90	...	...
3 persons	4,910	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	4,130	...	...	10	...	...
5 or more persons	2,100	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	78,515	...	...	360	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	1.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	66,150	32,705	33,445	330	180	155
Married or living common law	40,005	20,005	20,000	210	100	100
Married	30,060	15,065	14,990	155	80	80
Living common law	9,950	4,940	5,010	50	25	25
Not married and not living common law	26,145	12,700	13,445	125	75	50
Never married	15,970	9,040	6,925	75	50	25
Separated	2,310	1,095	1,215	10	5	5
Divorced	3,265	1,550	1,720	25	15	10
Widowed	4,605	1,020	3,585	15	10	5
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,640	...	...	110	...	...
2 persons	13,250	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	4,820	...	...	15	...	...
4 persons	3,905	...	...	5	...	...
5 or more persons	1,660	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,635	...	...	110	...	...
Total couple families	19,695	...	...	105	...	...
Married couples	14,725	...	...	75	...	...
Common-law couples	4,975	...	...	25	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,935	...	...	5	...	...
Female parent	2,925	...	...	5	...	...
Male parent	1,010	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	19,695	...	...	105	...	...
Couples without children	10,870	...	...	75	...	...
Couples with children	8,830	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	3,730	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	3,575	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	1,520	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,940	...	...	10	...	...
1 child	2,380	...	...	10	...	...
2 children	1,090	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	470	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,025	6,540	6,485	90	55	35
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	34,015	...	...	185	...	...
One-census-family households	22,675	...	...	105	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	10,540	...	...	70	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,140	...	...	35	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	475	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	10,860	...	...	75	...	...
One-person households	10,040	...	...	65	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	825	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	78,930	39,245	39,685	360	195	170
English only	33,835	17,455	16,380	345	190	160
French only	3,675	1,750	1,920	0	0	0
English and French	41,295	19,990	21,305	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	120	45	75	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	78,930	39,250	39,680	365	195	165
English	44,505	22,380	22,125	355	195	170
French	33,840	16,585	17,255	5	5	5
English and French	475	245	230	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	110	40	70	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	34,080	16,705	17,375	5	5	0
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	43.2	42.6	43.8	1.4	2.6	0.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	78,930	39,245	39,680	365	195	170
Single responses	76,890	38,245	38,645	355	190	165
Official languages	73,005	36,425	36,575	330	180	150
English	39,110	19,825	19,285	325	175	150
French	33,895	16,600	17,295	5	5	5
Non-official languages	3,885	1,815	2,065	25	10	15
Aboriginal languages	1,615	730	885	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	1,605	725	880	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	1,545	695	845	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	45	20	20	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	165	60	105	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	1,320	615	705	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	65	25	35	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	20	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	15	5	15	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	5	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,270	1,085	1,185	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	35	20	0	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	35	15	5	0	0
Amharic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	40	25	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	5	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160	45	115	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	140	40	105	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,520	740	780	20	10	5
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	375	175	205	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	360	160	195	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	120	50	70	0	0	0
Russian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Serbian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	405	215	195	10	10	10
Afrikaans	20	15	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	70	40	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	305	145	155	15	5	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	155	90	70	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	140	75	60	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	30	25	0	0	0
Hindi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	565	260	300	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	365	175	195	0	0	0
Portuguese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	100	40	60	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	5	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	170	85	90	0	0	0
Chinese languages	170	85	85	0	0	0
Cantonese	95	45	50	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	20	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	220	110	115	5	5	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	200	95	105	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	15	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,040	1,000	1,040	5	5	5
English and French	1,530	760	770	5	0	0
English and non-official language	465	215	250	5	5	0
French and non-official language	25	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	78,930	39,250	39,685	365	195	165
Single responses	76,365	38,015	38,350	360	195	165
Official languages	74,985	37,380	37,610	360	190	165
English	50,960	25,795	25,165	360	195	165
French	24,030	11,580	12,450	0	0	0
Non-official languages	1,375	635	740	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	605	285	325	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	600	285	320	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	595	280	315	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	50	20	30	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	535	250	285	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	5	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	770	355	415	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	70	25	45	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	25	45	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	0	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	15	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	490	225	265	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	170	85	80	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	150	75	70	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	30	20	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	15	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	155	60	95	0	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	80	25	55	0	0	0
Portuguese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	45	15	30	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	95	55	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	55	35	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	10	10	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	20	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,565	1,235	1,330	0	5	0
English and French	1,885	920	960	0	0	0
English and non-official language	625	275	350	5	5	0
French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	78,930	39,245	39,680	365	195	170
None	58,130	29,375	28,755	350	190	155
English	9,830	4,670	5,155	0	0	0
French	9,105	4,355	4,745	5	0	0
Non-official language	1,770	795	975	10	5	5
Aboriginal	985	450	530	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	785	340	445	10	0	5
English and French	15	10	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	35	20	20	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	64,990	32,220	32,770	330	175	155
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,895	31,350	31,550	320	170	150
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,063	46,033	27,029	25,024	31,360	20,779
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	62,915	31,350	31,570	320	170	150
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,923	40,610	25,218	23,424	28,608	20,160
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	55,135	28,235	26,905	295	155	130
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,370	45,504	24,537	20,224	24,576	15,328
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,895	20,330	24,565	260	135	125
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,074	8,431	7,673	7,824	8,864	7,024
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	46,135	24,605	21,530	235	135	105
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,167	47,447	27,176	15,536	15,392	15,632
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	64,990	32,215	32,770	365	195	170
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,005	31,390	31,615	335	170	160
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,390	55,654	35,200	31,545	33,475	29,470
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,015	31,390	31,625	335	175	165
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,168	45,485	30,907	28,175	29,725	26,509
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	55,185	28,315	26,870	305	160	140
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,231	54,857	33,034	26,156	25,834	26,525
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,190	20,480	24,715	295	150	145
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,267	9,450	9,115	8,911	10,785	6,953
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	46,135	24,645	21,485	225	115	110
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,607	53,730	34,143	26,070	24,671	27,626
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	64,990	32,220	32,770	365	190	170
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	20,265	11,450	8,820	75	40	35
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	57,590	68,816	46,044	43,619	34,218	43,685
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	65,114	75,283	51,911	47,461	45,060	50,707
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.4	88.9	79.8	79.1	80.2	77.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	72.3	76.1	66.2	55.1	53.9	60.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.6	11.1	20.2	20.8	18.9	23.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	64,990	32,220	32,775	330	180	155
Without total income	2,095	870	1,225	10	5	5
With total income	62,895	31,345	31,545	325	170	150
Percentage with total income	96.8	97.3	96.2	98.5	94.4	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,970	3,040	4,930	55	20	25
$10,000 to $19,999	10,680	3,940	6,740	80	30	45
$20,000 to $29,999	9,120	3,730	5,385	50	25	25
$30,000 to $39,999	7,060	3,110	3,950	50	25	25
$40,000 to $49,999	6,160	2,970	3,185	25	15	5
$50,000 to $59,999	5,010	2,715	2,295	25	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	3,940	2,405	1,530	5	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,995	2,020	980	15	5	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,280	1,545	735	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,225	1,475	750	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	5,455	4,390	1,060	10	10	0
$100,000 to $149,999	4,340	3,460	875	10	10	0
$150,000 and over	1,115	925	185	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	64,990	32,215	32,775	335	180	155
Without after-tax income	2,075	870	1,205	15	10	0
With after-tax income	62,920	31,345	31,565	325	170	150
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	97.3	96.3	97.0	94.4	96.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,195	3,105	5,090	55	25	30
$10,000 to $19,999	11,140	4,110	7,030	75	30	40
$20,000 to $29,999	10,430	4,315	6,115	60	35	30
$30,000 to $39,999	8,330	3,880	4,450	50	25	20
$40,000 to $49,999	7,165	3,745	3,420	25	15	10
$50,000 to $59,999	5,325	3,265	2,060	15	10	0
$60,000 to $69,999	3,895	2,625	1,270	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	3,195	2,210	990	5	10	0
$80,000 and over	5,230	4,085	1,145	15	10	0
$80,000 to $89,999	2,175	1,620	555	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,225	1,005	220	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,830	1,460	370	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	64,995	32,220	32,770	335	175	155
Without employment income	18,855	7,615	11,240	95	50	50
With employment income	46,135	24,600	21,530	240	135	105
Percentage with employment income	71.0	76.4	65.7	71.6	77.1	67.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,085	3,695	3,395	65	40	25
$5,000 to $9,999	3,725	1,500	2,230	25	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	5,435	2,275	3,165	45	20	20
$20,000 to $29,999	4,515	1,815	2,705	35	20	15
$30,000 to $39,999	4,235	1,715	2,515	20	10	10
$40,000 to $49,999	3,905	1,760	2,150	10	5	5
$50,000 to $59,999	3,565	1,955	1,610	10	5	5
$60,000 to $69,999	2,915	1,870	1,040	5	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,310	1,580	735	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	8,440	6,445	1,995	10	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,880	1,305	585	0	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,045	1,335	710	5	5	5
$100,000 and over	4,515	3,810	710	5	5	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	34,015	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,349	...	...	50,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,192	...	...	46,464	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,040	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,451	...	...	22,560	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,160	...	...	21,088	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	23,970	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,454	...	...	63,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	77,757	...	...	56,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	34,010	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	84,082	...	...	52,327	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,717	...	...	46,737	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,015	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,094	...	...	23,313	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,099	...	...	21,691	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	23,995	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,607	...	...	69,292	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,167	...	...	61,382	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	34,010	...	...	180	...	...
Under $5,000	325	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	365	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,120	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,615	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,865	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,440	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,540	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,520	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,405	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,355	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,595	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,190	...	...	10	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,060	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,885	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,700	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,025	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,715	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,665	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,965	...	...	0	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,685	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,010	...	...	185	...	...
Under $5,000	350	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	370	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,140	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,665	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,050	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,590	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,720	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,740	...	...	0	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,695	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,600	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,035	...	...	20	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,610	...	...	20	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,415	...	...	5	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,255	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,905	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,865	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,540	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,110	...	...	0	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,220	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	23,400	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,382	...	...	64,640	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	77,652	...	...	57,216	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	10,380	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,916	...	...	59,520	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,693	...	...	55,467	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,925	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,648	...	...	73,984	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,419	...	...	68,352	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,630	...	...	10	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,917	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,568	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	23,395	...	...	120	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,596	...	...	69,478	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,099	...	...	61,317	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	10,365	...	...	70	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,542	...	...	71,062	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,185	...	...	62,749	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,925	...	...	30	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,206	...	...	69,698	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,888	...	...	59,786	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,635	...	...	15	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	60,069	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,459	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,715	5,915	5,795	90	55	35
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,942	37,459	24,944	22,592	26,432	17,344
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,728	33,437	24,000	21,120	24,768	17,344
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,690	5,765	5,925	100	55	40
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,338	47,775	35,073	24,144	25,203	0
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,465	39,746	31,299	22,471	23,738	0
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	78,515	39,075	39,435	365	195	170
In the bottom half of the distribution	37,090	17,520	19,570	245	130	110
In the bottom decile	7,515	3,515	4,000	60	35	30
In the second decile	8,345	3,550	4,790	50	25	25
In the third decile	7,180	3,450	3,725	40	25	20
In the fourth decile	6,920	3,430	3,485	45	20	20
In the fifth decile	7,135	3,565	3,570	45	25	20
In the top half of the distribution	41,420	21,555	19,860	120	70	55
In the sixth decile	7,435	3,815	3,615	20	10	10
In the seventh decile	8,350	4,325	4,030	40	25	15
In the eighth decile	9,180	4,800	4,385	35	20	20
In the ninth decile	9,615	5,005	4,610	20	10	10
In the top decile	6,840	3,615	3,225	5	5	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	75,365	37,445	37,920	365	195	170
0 to 17 years	15,300	7,755	7,540	40	20	15
0 to 5 years	4,885	2,465	2,415	15	5	5
18 to 64 years	47,425	23,735	23,690	225	115	110
65 years and over	12,640	5,955	6,685	95	60	40
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	10,690	4,675	6,020	90	45	50
0 to 17 years	2,835	1,415	1,420	10	5	10
0 to 5 years	1,070	510	560	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	5,840	2,620	3,215	65	35	35
65 years and over	2,020	640	1,380	20	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.2	12.5	15.9	24.7	23.1	29.4
0 to 17 years (%)	18.5	18.2	18.8	25.0	25.0	66.7
0 to 5 years (%)	21.9	20.7	23.2	33.3	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	12.3	11.0	13.6	28.9	30.4	31.8
65 years and over (%)	16.0	10.7	20.6	21.1	16.7	25.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,870	1,840	2,030	35	15	20
0 to 17 years	1,015	495	520	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	390	185	210	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,715	1,290	1,425	30	15	20
65 years and over	140	50	90	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.1	4.9	5.4	9.6	7.7	11.8
0 to 17 years (%)	6.6	6.4	6.9	0.0	0.0	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	8.0	7.5	8.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.7	5.4	6.0	13.3	13.0	18.2
65 years and over (%)	1.1	0.8	1.3	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	78,510	39,080	39,435	395	200	195
Official languages	78,400	39,035	39,365	400	200	200
English	74,770	37,360	37,410	400	200	195
French	44,820	21,695	23,125	15	0	10
Non-official languages	5,485	2,605	2,880	35	25	15
Aboriginal languages	2,325	1,100	1,225	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	2,265	1,080	1,185	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	2,195	1,045	1,150	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	80	40	40	0	0	0
Naskapi	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	0	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	240	130	110	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	1,860	865	1,000	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Algonquin	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	45	25	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	25	10	20	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	30	10	20	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,165	1,510	1,655	40	25	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	35	25	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	35	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	35	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	50	115	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	160	45	115	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,300	1,095	1,210	40	25	15
Albanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	400	180	215	0	10	0
Baltic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	390	170	215	0	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	120	55	70	0	0	0
Czech	0	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	45	60	10	0	0
Russian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	15	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	75	45	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	490	275	220	15	15	0
Afrikaans	65	40	30	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	100	45	50	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	330	180	155	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	175	85	90	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	150	80	75	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	80	50	30	0	0	0
Hindi	75	40	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	15	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,235	550	685	25	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	545	220	325	0	0	0
Portuguese	120	60	60	0	0	0
Romanian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Spanish	590	280	310	20	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	55	40	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	135	60	75	0	0	0
American Sign Language	45	30	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	85	30	60	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	160	95	65	0	0	0
Chinese languages	165	100	65	0	0	0
Cantonese	90	55	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	30	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	255	135	120	0	0	0
Estonian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	220	110	110	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	78,510	39,075	39,430	400	205	200
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	77,865	38,750	39,115	400	200	200
Canadian citizens aged under 18	16,310	8,345	7,965	55	20	40
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	61,555	30,405	31,150	345	185	160
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	645	325	320	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	78,510	39,075	39,435	395	200	195
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	76,220	37,950	38,275	365	180	190
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,165	1,060	1,110	35	20	10
Before 1981	1,100	565	535	35	25	10
1981 to 1990	165	85	85	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	230	105	125	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	400	180	215	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	185	85	95	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	210	95	115	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	265	125	140	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	120	65	60	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,170	1,065	1,105	35	25	10
Under 5 years	370	185	185	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	480	275	205	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	465	205	260	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	775	360	420	20	10	10
45 years and over	80	35	45	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,170	1,060	1,110	35	25	10
Americas	355	165	185	15	0	15
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	25	10	20	0	0	0
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	190	85	110	15	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	80	50	30	0	0	0
Europe	1,155	590	570	20	20	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	40	25	15	0	0	0
France	35	15	20	0	0	0
Germany	155	80	75	0	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	235	105	125	0	0	0
Netherlands	55	35	15	10	10	0
Poland	50	20	30	10	0	0
Portugal	45	30	15	0	0	0
Romania	35	15	20	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	290	125	165	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	165	100	65	0	0	0
Africa	160	100	55	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	30	20	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	35	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	35	0	0	0	0
Asia	500	205	290	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	30	65	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	15	15	0	0	0	0
India	95	40	50	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Philippines	165	45	125	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	40	20	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	265	120	140	0	0	0
Americas	75	25	50	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	40	15	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	30	15	15	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	60	45	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	10	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	20	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	95	35	60	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	20	20	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	15	35	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	78,515	39,080	39,430	395	200	200
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	2,410	1,200	1,215	40	25	15
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	4,865	2,230	2,630	90	45	45
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	71,235	35,650	35,585	270	130	140
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,090	515	580	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	550	285	260	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	240	140	95	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	310	145	165	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	445	170	280	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	95	60	40	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	78,510	39,075	39,435	400	200	200
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	12,835	6,355	6,480	55	35	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	12,660	6,265	6,390	55	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	8,675	4,230	4,440	40	15	30
Métis	3,905	1,990	1,915	20	20	0
Inuk (Inuit)	75	45	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	60	15	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	120	75	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	65,675	32,715	32,960	340	170	175
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	78,510	39,075	39,430	395	205	195
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	8,345	4,120	4,230	40	10	30
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	70,165	34,960	35,205	360	190	170
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	78,515	39,080	39,430	395	200	195
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	6,435	3,225	3,205	45	20	25
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	6,340	3,190	3,160	50	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	5,765	2,885	2,880	40	10	25
Métis single ancestry	540	280	265	10	10	0
Inuit single ancestry	35	20	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	95	40	55	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	50	30	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	40	10	30	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	10	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	8,040	3,805	4,235	10	15	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	7,730	3,660	4,075	15	15	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,080	1,920	2,160	10	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,575	1,705	1,870	10	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	40	35	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	305	145	165	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	260	130	130	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	15	20	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	64,040	32,050	31,990	340	170	170
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	78,510	39,080	39,435	400	200	200
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,260	600	660	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	240	120	120	0	0	0
Chinese	230	125	105	10	0	0
Black	275	145	125	10	0	10
Filipino	210	65	145	0	0	0
Latin American	110	50	60	0	0	0
Arab	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	35	20	20	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	30	15	20	0	0	0
Korean	25	20	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	10	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	35	10	25	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	77,250	38,475	38,775	385	200	185
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	78,510	39,075	39,435	400	205	200
North American Aboriginal origins	14,470	7,025	7,445	60	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian)	10,230	4,985	5,245	50	25	30
Inuit	205	85	125	0	0	0
Métis	4,440	2,145	2,300	10	10	0
Other North American origins	42,900	21,310	21,590	25	0	25
Acadian	115	45	75	0	0	0
American	390	200	195	10	0	10
Canadian	42,355	21,040	21,315	15	0	15
New Brunswicker	10	0	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	60	25	40	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	85	50	40	0	0	0
Québécois	190	95	95	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	48,115	23,910	24,200	330	185	145
British Isles origins	24,560	12,235	12,325	250	140	110
Channel Islander	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	13,235	6,600	6,635	170	90	85
Irish	10,095	4,855	5,240	65	35	35
Manx	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	8,905	4,470	4,435	100	60	40
Welsh	590	320	275	10	10	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,035	505	535	20	15	10
French origins	28,740	14,285	14,460	35	15	25
Alsatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	28,740	14,285	14,455	40	15	25
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,655	2,845	2,805	95	45	50
Austrian	180	95	85	20	15	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	215	100	115	0	0	0
Dutch	1,345	675	670	50	20	30
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,105	2,025	2,080	30	10	15
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	205	105	105	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,400	1,235	1,170	20	10	10
Danish	170	80	90	0	0	0
Finnish	1,305	655	650	10	10	0
Icelandic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	495	270	225	0	0	0
Swedish	430	215	220	15	0	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	105	50	50	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,390	2,245	2,150	50	20	30
Bulgarian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	85	40	45	10	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	65	40	25	10	0	10
Estonian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	225	115	105	20	0	15
Latvian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	80	50	30	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	2,150	1,070	1,080	10	10	0
Romanian	220	120	100	10	0	10
Russian	390	170	215	10	0	0
Slovak	170	90	80	10	10	0
Ukrainian	1,545	845	700	0	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,765	2,215	2,550	30	15	15
Albanian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	450	205	250	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	120	55	65	0	0	0
Italian	3,465	1,610	1,855	15	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	235	145	90	0	0	0
Serbian	45	15	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	130	60	65	0	0	0
Spanish	325	95	225	15	10	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	100	40	65	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	165	65	100	10	0	10
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	85	30	45	10	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	65	25	40	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	235	115	120	10	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	30	15	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	135	55	75	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	225	100	120	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Chilean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	15	10	0	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	65	15	40	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	15	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	285	160	125	10	0	10
Central and West African origins	55	35	20	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	25	20	10	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	70	30	30	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	40	20	15	10	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	130	70	60	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	120	70	50	0	0	0
Asian origins	1,025	485	535	10	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	140	75	60	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Iraqi	15	15	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	50	30	25	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	20	20	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	215	110	105	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	180	100	85	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	35	15	20	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	10	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	670	300	370	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese	375	190	185	0	0	10
Filipino	240	80	160	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	30	15	15	0	0	0
Australian	20	10	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	34,015	...	...	205	...	...
Owner	23,045	...	...	180	...	...
Renter	10,410	...	...	25	...	...
Band housing	560	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	34,010	...	...	205	...	...
Condominium	765	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	33,250	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	34,010	...	...	205	...	...
No bedrooms	40	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,985	...	...	30	...	...
2 bedrooms	8,290	...	...	55	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,880	...	...	95	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	7,820	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	34,010	...	...	205	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	8,330	...	...	65	...	...
5 rooms	6,490	...	...	30	...	...
6 rooms	6,175	...	...	50	...	...
7 rooms	4,950	...	...	25	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,065	...	...	35	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	5.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	34,010	...	...	205	...	...
One person or fewer per room	33,775	...	...	195	...	...
More than 1 person per room	235	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	34,015	...	...	200	...	...
Suitable	33,080	...	...	190	...	...
Not suitable	935	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	34,010	...	...	200	...	...
1960 or before	12,160	...	...	45	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,395	...	...	75	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,675	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,670	...	...	20	...	...
2001 to 2005	620	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	655	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	850	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	34,010	...	...	205	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	30,530	...	...	185	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,480	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	34,010	...	...	200	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,835	...	...	125	...	...
2 household maintainers	11,875	...	...	75	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	305	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	34,010	...	...	200	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,230	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,480	...	...	20	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,160	...	...	15	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,845	...	...	25	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,355	...	...	70	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,115	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,910	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	910	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	32,945	...	...	195	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	26,510	...	...	160	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,435	...	...	30	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,810	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	22,740	...	...	170	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.5	...	...	26.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.4	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	942	...	...	325	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,077	...	...	551	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,416	...	...	300,239	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	193,141	...	...	348,547	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	10,225	...	...	20	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	24.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	751	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	802	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	64,990	32,215	32,775	360	190	170
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,950	9,245	8,705	75	45	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,705	7,825	8,880	95	45	50
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,340	15,150	15,190	185	105	85
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	6,475	5,020	1,455	70	65	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,260	2,340	920	25	25	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,210	2,680	530	45	35	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,270	7,260	9,010	70	30	35
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	945	395	550	25	0	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,650	2,475	4,175	25	0	20
Bachelor's degree	5,075	1,765	3,310	15	10	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	500	210	290	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	170	125	45	0	0	0
Master's degree	810	320	490	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	95	50	35	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	42,795	21,255	21,545	220	95	125
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,455	4,175	3,280	35	15	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,225	5,250	5,980	65	25	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,105	11,830	12,280	125	55	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,665	3,610	1,055	40	30	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,385	1,710	675	15	10	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,280	1,900	380	25	15	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,480	5,995	7,485	55	25	25
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	710	320	390	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,255	1,905	3,350	15	0	20
Bachelor's degree	4,045	1,395	2,650	0	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	380	165	215	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	105	65	40	0	0	0
Master's degree	655	235	415	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	35	30	10	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	64,990	32,215	32,770	360	190	170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,655	17,070	17,585	175	90	85
Education	2,230	450	1,780	20	0	20
13. Education	2,230	450	1,780	20	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	400	210	190	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	115	100	15	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	290	110	175	0	0	10
Humanities	880	310	570	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	60	25	40	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	165	40	125	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	200	60	140	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	75	25	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	105	55	50	0	0	0
54. History	150	80	75	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	115	30	85	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,480	615	1,865	10	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	45	85	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	780	40	740	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	400	135	265	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	45	10	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	510	80	430	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	595	300	295	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	5,550	1,430	4,125	10	0	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	15	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,115	195	920	0	0	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,420	1,235	3,185	10	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	620	295	325	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	250	100	145	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	50	15	40	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	245	155	90	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	30	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	460	285	170	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	345	240	105	0	10	0
25. Library science	55	0	55	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	45	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,660	8,315	340	80	75	0
04. Architecture and related services	140	100	40	0	0	0
14. Engineering	455	410	45	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,120	1,965	155	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,665	1,640	25	30	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,370	3,330	50	25	30	0
48. Precision production	905	875	25	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	875	620	255	0	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	185	80	110	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	690	540	150	0	0	0
Health and related fields	5,405	940	4,465	30	0	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	300	145	155	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,080	770	4,305	30	0	25
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	20	20	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,770	1,675	1,095	10	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,050	215	840	10	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	720	530	190	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,000	930	70	0	0	0
Other	15	10	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	10	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	42,790	21,250	21,540	215	95	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	18,685	9,420	9,265	95	40	60
Education	1,655	300	1,350	20	0	20
13. Education	1,655	305	1,355	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	340	185	155	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	105	95	10	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	235	90	145	0	0	0
Humanities	595	215	385	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	50	20	30	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	110	20	90	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	145	35	110	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	35	10	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	35	20	0	0	0
54. History	120	75	55	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	75	20	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,100	505	1,600	0	0	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	110	35	75	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	665	25	640	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	355	120	235	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	30	0	0	0
42. Psychology	435	60	375	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	475	250	230	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,640	1,100	3,535	0	0	10
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	920	150	775	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,710	950	2,755	10	0	0
Physical and life sciences and technologies	490	230	255	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	205	90	115	10	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	10	30	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	175	100	75	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	50	30	25	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	390	250	135	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	315	220	100	0	0	0
25. Library science	30	0	30	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	45	35	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,730	6,450	275	40	40	0
04. Architecture and related services	105	75	25	0	0	0
14. Engineering	385	345	45	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,660	1,525	130	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,260	1,240	25	10	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,660	2,625	40	15	10	0
48. Precision production	655	635	15	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	710	490	220	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	50	95	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	565	440	125	0	0	0
Health and related fields	4,160	710	3,445	20	10	20
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	225	110	115	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,930	600	3,325	25	10	20
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	0	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,300	1,380	925	10	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	835	150	690	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	625	455	170	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	835	775	60	0	0	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	64,995	32,220	32,770	360	190	170
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,650	17,070	17,585	175	90	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,340	15,150	15,190	185	105	85
Location of study inside Canada	29,560	14,705	14,855	175	100	75
Same as province or territory of residence	28,275	14,040	14,230	145	75	70
Different than province or territory of residence	1,285	665	620	30	25	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	780	440	335	15	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	255	135	120	15	10	10
Philippines	75	20	55	0	0	0
India	70	40	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	80	55	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	10	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	280	180	95	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	42,795	21,250	21,540	220	90	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	18,690	9,425	9,265	95	40	55
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	24,105	11,830	12,275	120	55	65
Location of study inside Canada	23,510	11,485	12,020	125	55	65
Same as province or territory of residence	22,550	11,000	11,555	110	50	60
Different than province or territory of residence	955	490	465	10	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	600	335	260	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	205	115	90	0	0	0
Philippines	60	15	40	0	0	0
India	70	40	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	35	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	15	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	210	135	80	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	64,990	32,215	32,775	360	190	170
In the labour force	39,855	21,010	18,850	160	70	90
Employed	36,275	18,685	17,590	155	65	90
Unemployed	3,585	2,320	1,260	0	0	0
Not in the labour force	25,135	11,210	13,925	200	125	80
Participation rate	61.3	65.2	57.5	44.4	36.8	52.9
Employment rate	55.8	58.0	53.7	43.1	34.2	52.9
Unemployment rate	9.0	11.0	6.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	64,990	32,220	32,775	360	195	170
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	22,815	9,945	12,865	165	100	65
Worked	42,180	22,270	19,905	195	90	105
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	20,725	11,750	8,970	80	45	30
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	21,455	10,525	10,930	120	45	75
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.9	41.8	42.0	39.5	37.3	41.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	39,855	21,010	18,845	155	70	90
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	575	310	270	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	39,285	20,700	18,580	160	70	90
Employee	36,410	18,925	17,485	105	40	65
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,870	1,775	1,095	50	30	25
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	39,855	21,005	18,850	160	70	90
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	575	305	270	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	39,285	20,700	18,575	160	70	90
0 Management occupations	3,275	1,910	1,370	15	15	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,915	1,000	3,915	25	0	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,915	1,520	395	15	10	10
3 Health occupations	2,965	485	2,480	10	0	10
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,885	1,300	3,585	10	0	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	435	150	285	20	0	15
6 Sales and service occupations	9,060	3,510	5,545	10	0	0
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,875	7,275	600	35	30	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	2,450	2,230	215	30	10	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,510	1,315	195	0	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	39,860	21,010	18,845	160	70	90
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	575	310	265	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	39,285	20,700	18,575	160	70	90
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,015	810	205	35	10	20
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,170	3,760	420	10	0	10
22 Utilities	585	500	85	10	0	0
23 Construction	2,955	2,600	355	20	10	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,305	1,910	400	15	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	815	665	150	0	0	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,950	2,205	2,745	10	0	0
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,035	1,440	600	15	15	0
51 Information and cultural industries	440	200	240	0	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	920	240	680	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	380	215	155	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,335	620	715	10	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	15	10	0	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,200	575	625	0	10	0
61 Educational services	2,965	765	2,200	10	10	0
62 Health care and social assistance	5,740	890	4,845	10	0	10
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	465	215	250	0	0	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,635	935	1,695	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,825	880	945	0	0	0
91 Public administration	2,525	1,260	1,265	10	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	36,275	18,685	17,585	160	70	90
Worked at home	1,340	680	660	55	30	30
Worked outside Canada	15	10	0	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	3,375	2,530	845	15	0	10
Worked at usual place	31,550	15,470	16,080	90	35	55
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	31,550	15,465	16,075	90	35	55
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	26,160	12,245	13,915	10	0	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	4,360	2,510	1,845	45	10	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	875	600	280	30	25	10
Commute to a different province or territory	145	115	35	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	34,920	18,000	16,920	105	40	65
Car, truck, van - as a driver	26,610	14,070	12,540	90	35	55
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,780	1,335	1,440	0	10	10
Public transit	1,280	700	580	0	0	0
Walked	3,215	1,225	1,990	0	10	0
Bicycle	270	205	60	0	0	0
Other method	770	465	310	0	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	34,920	18,000	16,925	105	40	60
Less than 15 minutes	20,520	9,060	11,460	30	15	15
15 to 29 minutes	8,550	4,785	3,775	15	0	10
30 to 44 minutes	2,730	1,805	925	20	15	0
45 to 59 minutes	1,045	695	345	20	10	15
60 minutes and over	2,075	1,655	425	15	0	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	34,925	17,995	16,925	100	40	65
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,055	2,445	610	15	0	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,580	4,265	2,315	15	10	0
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	8,295	4,375	3,920	45	15	25
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	8,585	2,595	5,990	30	0	20
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,615	905	1,710	0	0	0
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,790	3,410	2,375	0	0	0
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	43,335	22,755	20,580	200	90	110
Single responses	40,435	21,355	19,075	200	90	110
Official languages	40,305	21,285	19,015	200	95	105
English	32,825	17,785	15,045	200	90	110
French	7,480	3,505	3,975	0	0	0
Non-official languages	130	70	60	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	90	50	45	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	95	50	50	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	95	45	45	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	20	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,900	1,400	1,505	0	0	0
English and French	2,820	1,365	1,455	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	25	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	43,340	22,760	20,580	200	95	110
None	27,490	14,765	12,720	190	85	105
English	4,760	2,360	2,390	0	0	0
French	10,600	5,410	5,190	0	0	0
Non-official language	470	210	260	0	0	0
Aboriginal	355	150	205	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	115	60	60	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	77,745	38,655	39,095	395	200	195
Non-movers	68,645	34,300	34,350	355	185	165
Movers	9,100	4,360	4,745	40	15	25
Non-migrants	6,320	2,975	3,345	20	10	15
Migrants	2,785	1,385	1,400	25	10	15
Internal migrants	2,695	1,340	1,355	25	10	15
Intraprovincial migrants	2,475	1,230	1,245	25	10	15
Interprovincial migrants	215	105	115	0	0	0
External migrants	85	45	40	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	74,085	36,840	37,240	390	200	190
Non-movers	49,375	24,835	24,535	295	155	140
Movers	24,710	12,005	12,705	90	40	55
Non-migrants	16,255	7,905	8,345	25	0	20
Migrants	8,455	4,100	4,360	70	35	30
Internal migrants	8,090	3,915	4,175	65	40	30
Intraprovincial migrants	7,290	3,515	3,775	60	35	30
Interprovincial migrants	795	395	395	0	0	10
External migrants	370	185	190	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Cochrane, DIS [Census division], Ontario and Squamish-Lillooet B, RDA [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cochrane, District [Census division], Ontario and Squamish-Lillooet B, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Cochrane, District [Census division], Ontario and Squamish-Lillooet B, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Cochrane, District [Census division], Ontario and Squamish-Lillooet B, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia