Census Profile, 2016 Census
East Kootenay, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Hopewell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	East Kootenay, RD British Columbia [Census division]			Hopewell, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , East Kootenay, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : East Kootenay, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Hopewell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	60,439	...	...	647	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	56,685	...	...	643	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.6	...	...	0.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	34,197	...	...	319	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	25,863	...	...	287	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2.2	...	...	4.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	27,541.84	...	...	149.08	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	60,440	30,345	30,095	645	320	325
0 to 14 years	9,640	4,975	4,670	90	45	45
0 to 4 years	3,070	1,580	1,485	25	15	10
5 to 9 years	3,430	1,800	1,625	35	15	15
10 to 14 years	3,145	1,590	1,560	30	10	20
15 to 64 years	38,960	19,600	19,360	420	210	210
15 to 19 years	3,105	1,610	1,495	30	20	15
20 to 24 years	2,810	1,485	1,325	30	15	15
25 to 29 years	3,240	1,605	1,635	20	5	15
30 to 34 years	3,840	1,920	1,925	25	15	15
35 to 39 years	3,775	1,920	1,855	35	20	15
40 to 44 years	3,750	1,875	1,870	40	20	20
45 to 49 years	3,855	1,915	1,935	35	20	15
50 to 54 years	4,555	2,260	2,290	55	20	30
55 to 59 years	5,095	2,520	2,575	85	45	40
60 to 64 years	4,940	2,490	2,450	60	30	30
65 years and over	11,840	5,770	6,065	140	60	70
65 to 69 years	4,295	2,165	2,130	50	25	25
70 to 74 years	2,940	1,460	1,480	30	15	10
75 to 79 years	2,020	1,040	975	25	15	10
80 to 84 years	1,295	645	645	15	10	10
85 years and over	1,290	465	830	20	5	15
85 to 89 years	845	325	520	15	0	10
90 to 94 years	350	110	240	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	85	30	60	5	0	5
100 years and over	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.9	16.4	15.5	14.0	14.1	13.8
15 to 64 years	64.5	64.6	64.3	65.1	65.6	64.6
65 years and over	19.6	19.0	20.2	21.7	18.8	21.5
85 years and over	2.1	1.5	2.8	3.1	1.6	4.6
Average age of the population	43.2	42.7	43.7	46.2	45.6	46.9
Median age of the population	45.1	44.4	45.7	51.4	50.5	52.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	25,860	...	...	290	...	...
Single-detached house	17,700	...	...	270	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,630	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,040	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	1,135	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	465	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,865	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	120	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	2,530	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	25,860	...	...	285	...	...
1 person	7,040	...	...	75	...	...
2 persons	10,805	...	...	125	...	...
3 persons	3,475	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	3,120	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	1,425	...	...	10	...	...
Number of persons in private households	59,235	...	...	635	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	50,795	25,375	25,425	560	275	285
Married or living common law	32,565	16,285	16,275	330	160	165
Married	26,080	13,050	13,025	255	125	130
Living common law	6,490	3,235	3,250	80	40	40
Not married and not living common law	18,235	9,085	9,150	230	110	120
Never married	10,710	6,185	4,525	125	75	50
Separated	1,435	680	760	25	5	15
Divorced	3,180	1,520	1,660	45	20	20
Widowed	2,910	705	2,205	40	10	30
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	18,200	...	...	195	...	...
2 persons	10,985	...	...	115	...	...
3 persons	3,195	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	2,925	...	...	30	...	...
5 or more persons	1,090	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	18,195	...	...	195	...	...
Total couple families	15,990	...	...	160	...	...
Married couples	12,745	...	...	125	...	...
Common-law couples	3,245	...	...	40	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,210	...	...	30	...	...
Female parent	1,640	...	...	25	...	...
Male parent	575	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	15,990	...	...	165	...	...
Couples without children	9,600	...	...	95	...	...
Couples with children	6,390	...	...	65	...	...
1 child	2,570	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	2,775	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	1,045	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,210	...	...	30	...	...
1 child	1,385	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	625	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	205	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	10,185	5,330	4,855	120	60	60
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	25,860	...	...	285	...	...
One-census-family households	17,650	...	...	195	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,350	...	...	95	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	8,300	...	...	95	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	270	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	7,940	...	...	95	...	...
One-person households	7,035	...	...	80	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	900	...	...	15	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	59,800	30,105	29,695	640	315	320
English only	56,310	28,535	27,775	570	290	275
French only	15	10	5	0	0	0
English and French	3,385	1,515	1,865	70	25	50
Neither English nor French	85	40	45	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	59,795	30,105	29,690	640	315	325
English	58,720	29,565	29,150	620	310	315
French	950	480	470	15	5	10
English and French	55	25	30	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	70	30	40	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	975	495	485	15	5	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.6	1.6	1.6	2.3	1.6	3.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	59,800	30,105	29,690	640	315	320
Single responses	59,365	29,900	29,465	630	315	320
Official languages	55,675	28,190	27,490	620	310	310
English	54,635	27,655	26,975	610	305	305
French	1,045	530	515	15	5	10
Non-official languages	3,690	1,715	1,975	10	0	5
Aboriginal languages	120	50	70	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	85	40	40	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,570	1,660	1,905	10	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	10	0	0	0
Arabic	30	15	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	315	100	215	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	280	90	185	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,660	1,275	1,385	10	0	5
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	510	230	280	0	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	495	230	270	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Czech	75	35	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	90	40	50	0	0	0
Russian	110	45	60	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	10	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	95	45	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,380	665	715	10	5	10
Afrikaans	70	35	35	5	0	0
Danish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Dutch	200	100	105	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	1,010	490	520	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Swedish	25	15	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	210	110	100	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	195	100	90	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hindi	25	20	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	115	60	60	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	550	260	290	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	325	165	165	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Romanian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Spanish	165	75	90	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	65	15	50	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	105	55	50	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	210	95	110	0	0	0
Chinese languages	185	80	95	0	0	0
Cantonese	75	30	40	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	80	40	40	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	15	5	15	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	80	45	40	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	435	205	230	10	5	0
English and French	115	45	65	5	5	0
English and non-official language	300	140	160	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	59,800	30,105	29,695	640	315	325
Single responses	59,115	29,795	29,320	630	315	315
Official languages	58,155	29,320	28,830	625	310	315
English	57,820	29,160	28,655	625	310	310
French	335	165	170	5	0	0
Non-official languages	960	475	485	5	5	5
Aboriginal languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	10	10	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	955	465	485	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	115	55	60	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	115	55	60	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	565	280	285	5	5	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	35	35	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	40	35	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Russian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	235	110	125	5	5	5
Afrikaans	40	15	15	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	160	80	80	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	130	65	60	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	125	65	55	0	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	20	15	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	25	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	130	60	65	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	55	25	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	20	5	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	80	45	40	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	15	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	30	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	685	310	375	5	0	0
English and French	75	30	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	590	265	320	0	5	0
French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	59,795	30,105	29,690	640	315	325
None	57,230	28,910	28,320	620	310	305
English	660	325	335	5	0	5
French	535	250	280	15	0	10
Non-official language	1,340	605	735	5	0	0
Aboriginal	125	60	70	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,215	545	670	5	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
French and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	49,615	24,850	24,770	550	270	275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,235	24,290	23,945	540	265	275
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,573	50,693	27,309	26,688	28,736	23,616
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	48,295	24,325	23,970	535	265	270
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,709	43,520	25,314	24,576	27,200	22,976
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,555	22,985	21,570	460	230	230
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,248	47,525	23,826	20,416	22,592	18,091
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	32,265	14,100	18,165	430	200	225
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,318	8,475	6,487	9,536	11,040	8,480
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	37,315	19,930	17,385	375	190	185
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,359	46,738	23,872	19,648	20,288	18,368
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	49,615	24,850	24,770	545	270	275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,200	24,275	23,920	535	265	275
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	48,995	62,087	35,711	31,908	33,501	30,371
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	48,245	24,295	23,950	535	260	270
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,564	50,129	30,862	27,731	28,849	26,652
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,480	22,945	21,530	465	225	240
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	46,942	60,084	32,937	27,577	28,953	26,291
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	32,545	14,085	18,460	425	205	220
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,401	9,110	7,861	10,315	11,504	9,200
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	37,320	19,915	17,405	380	185	195
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,952	57,150	30,989	26,158	27,585	24,765
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	49,615	24,850	24,770	545	270	270
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	14,550	8,665	5,885	135	80	55
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	58,901	75,331	42,250	39,149	34,109	41,390
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	66,984	78,613	49,845	40,158	36,051	45,998
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.7	91.7	83.1	75.0	76.8	73.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.1	75.1	63.7	62.7	61.9	60.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.3	8.3	16.9	24.5	23.8	25.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	49,615	24,850	24,770	545	270	275
Without total income	1,380	560	825	10	5	5
With total income	48,240	24,295	23,945	535	265	275
Percentage with total income	97.2	97.8	96.7	98.2	98.1	100.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,040	2,085	3,960	85	45	40
$10,000 to $19,999	7,390	2,520	4,865	110	40	70
$20,000 to $29,999	6,730	2,585	4,150	115	55	55
$30,000 to $39,999	5,810	2,515	3,290	80	45	35
$40,000 to $49,999	4,750	2,300	2,450	60	25	30
$50,000 to $59,999	3,600	1,965	1,635	40	25	15
$60,000 to $69,999	2,785	1,730	1,060	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,205	1,460	745	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,830	1,260	570	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,650	1,275	380	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	5,450	4,605	845	10	5	5
$100,000 to $149,999	4,115	3,485	635	5	0	0
$150,000 and over	1,335	1,125	210	0	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	49,615	24,850	24,765	550	270	275
Without after-tax income	1,320	525	795	10	5	5
With after-tax income	48,295	24,325	23,970	535	265	270
Percentage with after-tax income	97.3	97.9	96.8	97.3	98.1	98.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,340	2,215	4,130	85	40	40
$10,000 to $19,999	7,830	2,755	5,075	120	45	75
$20,000 to $29,999	8,045	3,205	4,845	135	65	70
$30,000 to $39,999	6,585	2,990	3,595	85	45	40
$40,000 to $49,999	5,050	2,610	2,445	60	35	25
$50,000 to $59,999	3,745	2,335	1,405	20	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	2,850	1,870	980	15	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,555	1,950	605	5	5	0
$80,000 and over	5,300	4,405	895	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	1,965	1,630	335	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,145	970	175	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	2,190	1,805	380	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	49,615	24,850	24,770	550	270	275
Without employment income	12,300	4,920	7,380	170	80	90
With employment income	37,320	19,930	17,385	380	190	185
Percentage with employment income	75.2	80.2	70.2	69.1	70.4	67.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,360	3,050	3,305	65	35	30
$5,000 to $9,999	2,805	1,140	1,665	40	20	20
$10,000 to $19,999	4,615	1,845	2,770	85	40	45
$20,000 to $29,999	3,935	1,515	2,420	45	25	25
$30,000 to $39,999	3,675	1,510	2,165	45	20	25
$40,000 to $49,999	2,845	1,295	1,555	30	20	15
$50,000 to $59,999	2,270	1,205	1,065	25	20	5
$60,000 to $69,999	1,875	1,185	690	10	5	5
$70,000 to $79,999	1,635	1,090	545	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	7,300	6,095	1,210	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	1,435	1,005	430	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,435	1,160	280	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	4,430	3,925	505	10	5	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	25,860	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	76,850	...	...	51,392	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,876	...	...	46,464	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	7,040	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	36,772	...	...	26,816	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,720	...	...	24,384	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	18,825	...	...	210	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,558	...	...	59,136	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,913	...	...	52,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	25,865	...	...	290	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	91,306	...	...	59,724	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	75,666	...	...	51,906	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	7,050	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,202	...	...	28,422	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,674	...	...	25,490	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	18,810	...	...	200	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,830	...	...	73,065	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	89,150	...	...	63,165	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	25,865	...	...	290	...	...
Under $5,000	270	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	270	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	565	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	895	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,035	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	910	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,005	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,085	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,085	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,000	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,930	...	...	45	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,705	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,645	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,500	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,495	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,470	...	...	35	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,320	...	...	20	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,360	...	...	10	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,290	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,500	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	25,865	...	...	290	...	...
Under $5,000	290	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	275	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	575	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	940	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,225	...	...	15	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,095	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,235	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,225	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,255	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,205	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,165	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,120	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,030	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,960	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,710	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,565	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,060	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,645	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,855	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	18,105	...	...	195	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,199	...	...	60,288	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,582	...	...	53,504	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,240	...	...	90	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,735	...	...	54,976	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,878	...	...	51,584	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	6,455	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,579	...	...	79,616	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,835	...	...	71,168	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,070	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,112	...	...	51,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,568	...	...	48,000	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	18,110	...	...	190	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	107,685	...	...	72,566	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,875	...	...	62,849	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,225	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,150	...	...	73,753	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	81,288	...	...	61,833	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	6,435	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,989	...	...	86,639	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	110,889	...	...	76,553	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,100	...	...	25	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	64,129	...	...	53,446	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,399	...	...	48,715	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,410	4,950	4,460	100	55	50
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,838	40,441	29,098	26,176	28,928	23,488
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,331	35,440	26,673	24,128	26,880	23,232
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	9,420	4,915	4,500	110	65	45
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,693	50,383	36,391	29,906	30,267	29,366
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,908	41,636	31,748	26,360	26,469	26,196
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	59,235	29,805	29,425	640	315	320
In the bottom half of the distribution	25,990	12,395	13,600	465	230	235
In the bottom decile	4,745	2,265	2,475	75	40	35
In the second decile	5,135	2,250	2,885	110	45	60
In the third decile	4,865	2,280	2,590	85	45	40
In the fourth decile	5,480	2,710	2,765	125	60	60
In the fifth decile	5,765	2,885	2,880	75	35	35
In the top half of the distribution	33,240	17,410	15,830	175	85	90
In the sixth decile	6,360	3,220	3,140	65	30	35
In the seventh decile	6,725	3,465	3,260	40	25	15
In the eighth decile	6,950	3,615	3,335	40	15	15
In the ninth decile	7,035	3,795	3,240	25	15	15
In the top decile	6,175	3,325	2,855	5	0	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	58,525	29,450	29,075	640	315	320
0 to 17 years	11,270	5,810	5,455	105	55	50
0 to 5 years	3,660	1,905	1,755	30	20	15
18 to 64 years	36,235	18,170	18,065	400	200	205
65 years and over	11,025	5,470	5,560	135	65	70
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	6,635	3,010	3,625	145	75	75
0 to 17 years	1,585	795	790	35	20	15
0 to 5 years	530	275	255	10	10	5
18 to 64 years	3,780	1,740	2,040	80	35	40
65 years and over	1,270	475	795	30	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	11.3	10.2	12.5	22.7	23.8	23.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.1	13.7	14.5	33.3	36.4	30.0
0 to 5 years (%)	14.5	14.4	14.5	33.3	50.0	33.3
18 to 64 years (%)	10.4	9.6	11.3	20.0	17.5	19.5
65 years and over (%)	11.5	8.7	14.3	22.2	23.1	21.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	2,865	1,420	1,450	40	25	15
0 to 17 years	670	335	335	5	5	0
0 to 5 years	205	95	105	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,060	1,025	1,030	30	20	10
65 years and over	140	60	80	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.9	4.8	5.0	6.3	7.9	4.7
0 to 17 years (%)	5.9	5.8	6.1	4.8	9.1	0.0
0 to 5 years (%)	5.6	5.0	6.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	5.7	5.6	5.7	7.5	10.0	4.9
65 years and over (%)	1.3	1.1	1.4	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	59,235	29,805	29,430	590	295	295
Official languages	59,170	29,785	29,385	585	295	295
English	59,160	29,770	29,390	590	295	295
French	3,320	1,470	1,845	60	10	50
Non-official languages	5,150	2,405	2,745	25	15	15
Aboriginal languages	180	80	105	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	120	60	60	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,970	2,325	2,645	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	25	35	0	0	0
Amharic	20	0	15	0	0	0
Arabic	30	20	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	410	150	260	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	0	25	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	375	135	245	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	10	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,885	1,880	2,010	25	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	410	190	225	0	0	0
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	400	185	215	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Czech	65	25	45	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	25	15	0	0	0
Russian	125	50	80	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	15	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	40	15	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	40	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,920	955	970	25	10	15
Afrikaans	100	55	40	10	0	0
Danish	75	20	50	0	0	0
Dutch	255	105	150	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,360	695	660	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Swedish	100	60	40	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	15	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	265	170	100	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	250	155	95	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	45	20	30	0	0	0
Hindi	125	95	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	125	75	50	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,420	625	795	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	440	175	255	0	0	0
Portuguese	95	40	55	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	930	415	510	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	100	45	60	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	85	40	45	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	75	30	40	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	15	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	55	20	35	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	235	90	145	0	0	0
Chinese languages	205	75	125	0	0	0
Cantonese	90	35	55	0	0	0
Hakka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	100	35	60	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Burmese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	25	0	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	115	75	40	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	60	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	59,235	29,805	29,430	590	295	295
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	56,985	28,730	28,255	580	290	290
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,275	5,810	5,460	60	30	30
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	45,710	22,915	22,795	515	260	255
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,250	1,075	1,175	15	10	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	59,230	29,805	29,430	590	295	295
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	53,185	26,910	26,275	555	285	275
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	5,455	2,595	2,855	25	0	25
Before 1981	2,875	1,355	1,520	10	0	15
1981 to 1990	415	195	220	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	540	245	290	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	840	410	430	10	0	0
2001 to 2005	330	140	180	10	10	0
2006 to 2010	510	265	240	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	790	390	395	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	590	295	295	0	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	5,455	2,600	2,860	30	0	20
Under 5 years	675	305	370	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	1,160	575	580	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	1,145	510	635	10	0	0
25 to 44 years	2,185	1,060	1,130	10	10	10
45 years and over	290	145	145	10	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,460	2,600	2,855	30	0	20
Americas	1,060	420	635	0	0	0
Brazil	15	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	75	35	40	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	15	0	0	0
Peru	15	10	15	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	785	325	460	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	115	40	75	0	0	0
Europe	3,180	1,645	1,540	15	0	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	20	10	0	0	0	0
France	95	60	35	0	0	0
Germany	620	320	300	10	0	0
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	50	30	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	105	50	55	0	0	0
Italy	215	100	115	0	0	0
Netherlands	200	110	95	0	0	0
Poland	35	10	15	0	0	0
Portugal	10	10	10	0	0	0
Romania	30	15	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	20	0	20	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	10	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,270	690	580	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	465	225	240	10	0	0
Africa	195	90	105	0	10	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	25	0	15	0	0	0
Kenya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	130	70	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	15	0	0	0
Asia	800	340	460	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	65	25	35	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	10	0	0	0	0
India	175	90	80	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	45	10	40	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	95	50	50	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	250	85	165	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	10	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	90	35	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	225	105	115	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	790	390	400	0	0	10
Americas	175	65	115	0	0	0
Brazil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cuba	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	60	35	25	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	15	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	210	125	85	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	75	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	35	0	35	0	0	0
Africa	50	25	25	0	0	10
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	20	25	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	260	125	140	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	55	30	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	125	60	60	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	15	0	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	90	60	35	0	0	0
Australia	65	55	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	59,235	29,805	29,425	590	295	295
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	6,390	3,095	3,295	30	10	25
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	10,445	5,240	5,205	30	10	20
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	42,395	21,470	20,925	530	275	260
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,700	1,295	1,410	15	10	10
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,610	825	780	0	10	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	705	445	265	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	900	385	515	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,000	400	600	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	90	60	30	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	59,230	29,805	29,430	590	290	295
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,705	2,320	2,380	0	10	0
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,610	2,280	2,325	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	2,030	950	1,075	10	0	0
Métis	2,520	1,300	1,215	10	0	10
Inuk (Inuit)	60	25	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	10	25	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	54,525	27,480	27,045	585	290	290
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	59,230	29,805	29,425	590	295	295
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,355	615	745	0	10	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	57,875	29,190	28,680	585	290	295
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	59,230	29,805	29,425	590	295	295
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,165	590	575	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,160	590	570	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	785	385	400	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	370	200	165	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,110	2,060	2,050	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,875	1,940	1,940	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,085	990	1,090	10	10	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,735	915	815	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	55	30	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	235	125	110	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	220	115	100	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	53,955	27,155	26,805	585	290	290
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	59,235	29,805	29,430	590	295	295
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	2,185	1,015	1,170	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	355	195	160	0	0	0
Chinese	315	135	180	0	0	0
Black	305	180	125	0	0	0
Filipino	455	155	300	0	0	0
Latin American	145	50	95	0	0	0
Arab	35	30	10	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	95	35	55	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Korean	115	55	55	0	0	0
Japanese	240	120	125	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	95	30	65	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	57,045	28,795	28,260	590	295	295
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	59,235	29,805	29,430	585	295	295
North American Aboriginal origins	5,275	2,650	2,625	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian)	3,105	1,500	1,600	10	0	10
Inuit	85	40	40	0	0	0
Métis	2,340	1,240	1,100	0	0	0
Other North American origins	17,475	8,910	8,565	260	145	120
Acadian	45	25	15	10	0	10
American	1,370	610	755	0	0	0
Canadian	16,465	8,420	8,050	255	140	120
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	55	25	30	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	48,895	24,405	24,490	435	200	230
British Isles origins	34,740	17,230	17,505	360	160	205
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	21,615	10,670	10,945	200	80	120
Irish	11,655	5,650	6,010	170	75	95
Manx	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish	15,135	7,295	7,840	140	70	65
Welsh	2,070	1,030	1,040	10	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,730	805	930	10	0	10
French origins	6,795	3,185	3,615	55	30	20
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,800	3,190	3,615	50	30	20
Western European origins (except French origins)	15,450	7,690	7,760	170	75	95
Austrian	855	425	430	0	0	0
Bavarian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Belgian	365	170	195	0	0	0
Dutch	3,230	1,555	1,670	30	10	25
Flemish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	11,525	5,790	5,735	140	65	75
Luxembourger	20	0	15	0	0	0
Swiss	725	340	385	10	0	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,155	3,470	3,685	15	10	10
Danish	1,000	485	510	0	0	0
Finnish	490	260	235	0	0	0
Icelandic	435	245	185	0	0	0
Norwegian	3,160	1,435	1,725	10	0	10
Swedish	2,425	1,200	1,225	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	305	145	155	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	10,115	5,130	4,980	10	10	0
Bulgarian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Byelorussian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	745	430	315	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	425	240	180	0	0	0
Estonian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,110	565	545	0	0	0
Latvian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	100	55	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	2,580	1,330	1,245	0	0	0
Romanian	375	195	180	0	0	0
Russian	1,880	920	955	0	0	0
Slovak	225	135	90	0	0	0
Ukrainian	4,375	2,170	2,210	0	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,900	2,405	2,490	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	150	65	80	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	35	45	0	0	0
Italian	3,695	1,875	1,815	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	305	120	185	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	105	55	50	0	0	0
Spanish	445	170	275	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	140	65	75	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	375	190	190	10	0	10
Basque	25	10	15	0	0	0
Jewish	160	90	70	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	35	25	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	150	60	90	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	310	180	130	0	0	0
Antiguan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dominican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	215	115	100	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	25	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	350	160	190	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Chilean	35	10	20	0	0	0
Colombian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Costa Rican	60	30	25	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	130	65	65	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	10	0	10	0	0	0
African origins	330	210	120	10	0	0
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	45	30	15	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	15	15	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	140	80	60	10	10	10
Afrikaner	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	100	65	30	10	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	135	95	45	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	70	40	25	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	70	50	15	0	0	0
Asian origins	2,045	950	1,095	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	165	110	55	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	20	20	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	55	30	25	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	385	210	175	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	355	195	170	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,515	630	880	0	0	0
Burmese	30	10	25	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	465	200	265	0	0	0
Filipino	500	175	335	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Japanese	275	130	145	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	135	70	65	0	0	0
Laotian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	55	20	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	410	230	180	0	0	0
Australian	255	140	120	0	0	0
New Zealander	155	75	80	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	55	35	20	0	0	0
Fijian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	15	10	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	25,865	...	...	285	...	...
Owner	20,185	...	...	270	...	...
Renter	5,670	...	...	20	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	25,865	...	...	285	...	...
Condominium	2,405	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	23,465	...	...	285	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	25,860	...	...	290	...	...
No bedrooms	30	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	2,015	...	...	25	...	...
2 bedrooms	6,200	...	...	100	...	...
3 bedrooms	9,330	...	...	85	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,290	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	25,865	...	...	290	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,125	...	...	35	...	...
5 rooms	3,940	...	...	60	...	...
6 rooms	4,120	...	...	55	...	...
7 rooms	3,565	...	...	35	...	...
8 or more rooms	9,120	...	...	100	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	25,865	...	...	285	...	...
One person or fewer per room	25,745	...	...	290	...	...
More than 1 person per room	115	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	25,865	...	...	290	...	...
Suitable	25,355	...	...	280	...	...
Not suitable	505	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	25,865	...	...	290	...	...
1960 or before	4,550	...	...	125	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,615	...	...	75	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,315	...	...	40	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,635	...	...	30	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,420	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,175	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,145	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	25,865	...	...	285	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	24,010	...	...	235	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,850	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	25,865	...	...	285	...	...
1 household maintainer	15,225	...	...	190	...	...
2 household maintainers	10,200	...	...	95	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	435	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	25,865	...	...	290	...	...
15 to 24 years	735	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,345	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,030	...	...	40	...	...
45 to 54 years	4,695	...	...	55	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,850	...	...	85	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,295	...	...	55	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,220	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	695	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	25,300	...	...	285	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	20,900	...	...	265	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,400	...	...	20	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,875	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	19,755	...	...	265	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	56.5	...	...	39.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.6	...	...	7.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	881	...	...	459	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,064	...	...	546	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	319,867	...	...	100,091	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	366,869	...	...	119,410	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,580	...	...	15	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.4	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	876	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	932	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	49,615	24,850	24,770	545	270	275
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,815	4,130	3,685	140	75	60
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,755	7,125	7,630	165	75	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,045	13,590	13,455	240	120	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,055	5,445	1,605	65	50	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,350	1,310	1,040	25	20	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,700	4,135	565	45	30	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,960	4,205	6,755	110	45	65
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,475	480	995	10	0	10
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,555	3,465	4,095	55	20	40
Bachelor's degree	5,270	2,275	2,995	40	15	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	430	180	255	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	320	195	120	0	0	10
Master's degree	1,395	735	660	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	140	70	65	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	32,695	16,260	16,435	360	185	175
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,095	1,770	1,320	55	45	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,505	4,725	4,780	135	55	75
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20,100	9,765	10,335	170	85	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,975	3,870	1,105	65	50	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,520	835	690	25	25	0
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,455	3,040	415	35	25	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,360	3,140	5,220	75	30	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	980	335	645	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	5,780	2,420	3,355	25	10	20
Bachelor's degree	4,065	1,580	2,485	20	10	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	115	185	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	245	125	120	10	0	10
Master's degree	1,070	550	520	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	95	45	50	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	49,615	24,850	24,765	540	270	270
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	22,570	11,260	11,315	305	155	150
Education	2,205	570	1,635	25	0	20
13. Education	2,200	570	1,630	25	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	675	285	395	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	135	90	40	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	545	185	355	10	10	0
Humanities	730	335	395	10	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	10	25	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	185	55	130	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	245	90	160	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	20	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	120	85	35	0	0	0
54. History	90	65	20	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	10	10	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,870	565	1,305	15	0	15
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	150	50	95	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	505	30	470	10	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	305	105	205	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	10	20	0	0	0
42. Psychology	320	110	205	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	545	265	280	0	0	10
Business, management and public administration	4,875	1,340	3,540	30	10	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	395	45	350	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,475	1,290	3,185	25	0	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	770	455	320	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	310	150	160	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	125	85	35	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	285	220	65	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	45	0	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	455	250	205	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	340	220	120	0	10	0
25. Library science	65	0	65	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	30	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,655	7,195	460	70	70	0
04. Architecture and related services	105	75	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	725	600	125	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,065	985	85	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,090	2,005	85	35	35	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,555	2,485	70	25	25	0
48. Precision production	1,110	1,045	70	0	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,115	805	305	15	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	365	235	130	0	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	745	570	175	10	15	0
Health and related fields	4,570	805	3,765	40	10	40
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	620	280	340	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	3,890	495	3,390	35	0	35
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	30	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,125	990	1,130	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,405	415	985	10	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	285	210	75	0	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	425	365	65	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	32,690	16,260	16,430	360	180	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,595	6,495	6,100	190	100	95
Education	1,465	320	1,145	10	0	0
13. Education	1,465	320	1,145	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	500	200	295	10	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	95	60	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	400	140	260	0	0	0
Humanities	585	245	335	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	20	10	10	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	155	40	110	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	210	65	140	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	30	20	10	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	65	35	0	0	0
54. History	65	45	15	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,455	390	1,065	0	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	40	85	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	400	20	380	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	250	75	170	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	20	10	15	0	0	0
42. Psychology	210	55	155	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	435	190	240	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	3,620	920	2,705	20	10	15
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	335	30	300	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,285	890	2,395	15	0	10
Physical and life sciences and technologies	575	330	245	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	225	105	120	10	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	105	75	30	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	205	155	55	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	35	0	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	345	195	150	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	300	190	110	10	10	0
25. Library science	25	0	25	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,585	5,170	415	50	50	0
04. Architecture and related services	70	40	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	535	415	120	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	755	675	80	0	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,500	1,430	70	25	20	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,865	1,805	65	20	20	0
48. Precision production	860	805	55	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	890	620	270	10	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	260	145	115	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	630	470	160	10	0	0
Health and related fields	3,470	610	2,860	35	0	35
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	505	225	275	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	2,915	360	2,550	35	0	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	55	25	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,605	765	845	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,045	330	715	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	230	155	70	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	325	270	50	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	49,620	24,850	24,765	545	270	275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,570	11,255	11,310	305	150	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	27,050	13,590	13,455	240	120	120
Location of study inside Canada	23,905	12,030	11,880	225	110	110
Same as province or territory of residence	14,185	7,200	6,985	145	85	65
Different than province or territory of residence	9,720	4,825	4,895	75	25	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,135	1,565	1,575	20	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,005	570	435	0	0	0
Philippines	215	55	155	0	0	0
India	100	60	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	500	270	230	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	20	0	0	0
France	40	20	20	0	0	0
Other	1,260	585	675	20	10	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	32,690	16,260	16,435	360	185	175
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,595	6,495	6,100	190	95	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	20,100	9,770	10,335	170	85	80
Location of study inside Canada	17,975	8,800	9,170	155	80	75
Same as province or territory of residence	10,805	5,280	5,525	100	60	45
Different than province or territory of residence	7,165	3,520	3,645	55	20	35
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,125	965	1,160	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	650	310	335	0	0	0
Philippines	205	60	150	0	0	0
India	90	55	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	300	160	140	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	20	0	20	0	0	0
France	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other	830	365	465	15	0	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	49,615	24,850	24,770	545	275	275
In the labour force	32,115	17,275	14,835	325	145	175
Employed	29,685	15,710	13,980	250	105	140
Unemployed	2,430	1,565	865	70	40	30
Not in the labour force	17,505	7,575	9,930	220	120	100
Participation rate	64.7	69.5	59.9	59.6	52.7	63.6
Employment rate	59.8	63.2	56.4	45.9	38.2	50.9
Unemployment rate	7.6	9.1	5.8	21.5	27.6	17.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	49,620	24,850	24,765	540	270	275
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	15,270	6,395	8,875	170	90	85
Worked	34,350	18,455	15,895	375	185	190
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	14,895	8,880	6,020	140	85	60
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	19,455	9,575	9,880	230	100	130
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.8	41.1	40.5	37.6	38.9	36.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	32,115	17,280	14,840	325	145	175
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	460	220	235	0	10	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	31,655	17,050	14,600	320	145	175
Employee	27,430	14,575	12,855	265	115	150
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,220	2,475	1,745	50	30	20
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	32,110	17,275	14,835	320	145	175
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	460	225	235	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	31,655	17,055	14,600	320	145	175
0 Management occupations	3,510	2,020	1,490	35	15	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	3,685	795	2,890	35	15	25
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,480	1,195	290	0	0	0
3 Health occupations	2,085	325	1,760	25	0	25
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,895	785	2,105	25	0	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	720	295	420	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	7,475	2,675	4,800	95	25	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,155	6,755	400	65	55	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,700	1,410	290	15	15	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	950	800	150	0	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	32,115	17,280	14,840	325	150	175
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	460	225	240	10	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	31,655	17,050	14,605	320	145	175
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	1,045	815	230	15	10	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	3,395	2,885	510	0	0	0
22 Utilities	145	125	25	0	0	0
23 Construction	2,730	2,415	315	30	25	0
31-33 Manufacturing	1,720	1,400	325	15	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	835	670	165	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,045	1,790	2,250	30	20	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,200	930	275	25	15	10
51 Information and cultural industries	345	185	150	0	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	630	130	495	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	505	230	275	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,260	635	625	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,175	700	475	20	10	10
61 Educational services	1,975	455	1,520	15	0	15
62 Health care and social assistance	3,390	470	2,920	35	0	35
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,240	680	565	25	10	10
72 Accommodation and food services	3,220	1,160	2,060	55	20	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,405	655	755	20	0	10
91 Public administration	1,380	725	660	15	10	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	29,685	15,710	13,980	250	105	145
Worked at home	1,955	820	1,140	35	15	15
Worked outside Canada	70	45	20	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	4,105	3,185	925	25	20	10
Worked at usual place	23,555	11,660	11,890	185	70	115
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	23,555	11,660	11,890	180	70	115
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	13,460	5,840	7,620	50	15	40
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,100	5,155	3,940	55	15	35
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	300	175	125	70	40	35
Commute to a different province or territory	695	490	205	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	27,665	14,845	12,815	210	85	120
Car, truck, van - as a driver	21,875	11,525	10,350	170	80	85
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,755	1,125	635	10	0	10
Public transit	880	675	205	0	0	0
Walked	2,015	780	1,235	15	0	10
Bicycle	610	345	270	0	0	0
Other method	530	400	125	15	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	27,660	14,845	12,815	205	90	120
Less than 15 minutes	15,270	6,790	8,480	60	15	45
15 to 29 minutes	5,945	3,355	2,585	55	20	35
30 to 44 minutes	3,335	2,175	1,155	45	15	20
45 to 59 minutes	1,125	835	290	45	30	15
60 minutes and over	1,990	1,685	300	10	0	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	27,660	14,845	12,815	210	85	120
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,735	2,130	605	10	0	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,580	3,195	1,380	35	20	15
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	6,360	3,650	2,710	75	30	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,480	2,345	4,135	55	20	35
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,190	1,120	2,065	15	0	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	4,320	2,405	1,915	20	10	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	35,290	18,870	16,425	375	190	190
Single responses	35,265	18,860	16,405	375	190	185
Official languages	35,215	18,835	16,380	370	185	180
English	35,150	18,800	16,350	365	185	185
French	65	30	30	0	0	0
Non-official languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	25	20	10	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	0	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	10	20	0	0	0
English and French	10	0	0	10	0	10
English and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	35,295	18,870	16,425	375	190	190
None	34,800	18,665	16,135	345	180	165
English	25	10	20	0	0	0
French	180	70	115	20	0	15
Non-official language	260	120	145	0	0	10
Aboriginal	75	25	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	185	90	95	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	58,670	29,505	29,165	590	295	295
Non-movers	50,705	25,590	25,110	545	270	275
Movers	7,970	3,915	4,050	40	25	20
Non-migrants	4,285	2,100	2,185	0	0	0
Migrants	3,680	1,815	1,870	45	25	20
Internal migrants	3,335	1,640	1,695	40	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	1,755	815	940	30	20	15
Interprovincial migrants	1,580	830	750	10	0	10
External migrants	350	175	180	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	56,175	28,230	27,945	580	290	295
Non-movers	35,045	17,670	17,375	480	235	245
Movers	21,130	10,565	10,570	100	50	50
Non-migrants	9,915	4,930	4,985	35	20	15
Migrants	11,215	5,635	5,585	70	30	40
Internal migrants	10,095	5,095	5,000	60	30	35
Intraprovincial migrants	5,250	2,560	2,695	50	25	30
Interprovincial migrants	4,840	2,540	2,305	10	10	10
External migrants	1,120	540	580	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. East Kootenay, RD [Census division], British Columbia and Hopewell, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
East Kootenay, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Hopewell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census East Kootenay, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Hopewell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
East Kootenay, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia and Hopewell, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick