Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Fredericton New Brunswick [Census agglomeration]			Kitikmeot, REG Nunavut [Census division]
	Data quality , Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick Map : Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	101,760	...	...	6,543	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	98,320 ^r	...	...	6,012	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.5	...	...	8.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	46,459	...	...	1,870	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	42,772	...	...	1,663	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	17.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,745.41	...	...	443,277.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	101,765	49,400	52,365	6,545	3,365	3,180
0 to 14 years	16,650	8,370	8,280	2,175	1,135	1,040
0 to 4 years	5,400	2,730	2,670	770	400	370
5 to 9 years	5,695	2,865	2,825	740	385	360
10 to 14 years	5,560	2,770	2,785	655	355	305
15 to 64 years	68,400	33,425	34,975	4,085	2,075	2,010
15 to 19 years	5,930	3,030	2,900	565	300	270
20 to 24 years	7,335	3,685	3,650	585	285	295
25 to 29 years	6,570	3,275	3,295	570	290	285
30 to 34 years	6,635	3,245	3,385	470	240	230
35 to 39 years	6,605	3,145	3,460	355	180	175
40 to 44 years	6,830	3,290	3,535	340	170	170
45 to 49 years	6,975	3,405	3,575	390	190	200
50 to 54 years	7,745	3,790	3,955	335	170	165
55 to 59 years	7,215	3,490	3,725	270	140	135
60 to 64 years	6,560	3,075	3,490	195	115	90
65 years and over	16,710	7,605	9,100	285	155	135
65 to 69 years	5,855	2,850	3,005	130	60	65
70 to 74 years	4,110	1,965	2,140	65	40	25
75 to 79 years	2,925	1,365	1,555	55	30	30
80 to 84 years	1,940	800	1,140	20	10	10
85 years and over	1,880	625	1,260	10	5	5
85 to 89 years	1,140	430	715	10	5	5
90 to 94 years	585	160	425	0	0	0
95 to 99 years	145	35	110	0	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.4	16.9	15.8	33.2	33.7	32.7
15 to 64 years	67.2	67.7	66.8	62.4	61.7	63.2
65 years and over	16.4	15.4	17.4	4.4	4.6	4.2
85 years and over	1.8	1.3	2.4	0.2	0.1	0.2
Average age of the population	40.7	39.8	41.5	27.8	27.8	27.9
Median age of the population	40.9	39.9	41.8	24.6	24.3	24.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	42,770	...	...	1,660	...	...
Single-detached house	25,795	...	...	835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	465	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,275	...	...	830	...	...
Semi-detached house	850	...	...	185	...	...
Row house	1,145	...	...	590	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	2,680	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	8,410	...	...	45	...	...
Other single-attached house	190	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	3,240	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	42,775	...	...	1,665	...	...
1 person	11,450	...	...	230	...	...
2 persons	16,490	...	...	310	...	...
3 persons	6,790	...	...	260	...	...
4 persons	5,610	...	...	280	...	...
5 or more persons	2,430	...	...	590	...	...
Number of persons in private households	100,365	...	...	6,485	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	3.9	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	85,110	41,030	44,080	4,375	2,225	2,145
Married or living common law	51,350	25,600	25,745	2,375	1,190	1,180
Married	42,235	21,050	21,180	1,005	510	495
Living common law	9,110	4,545	4,565	1,370	680	685
Not married and not living common law	33,765	15,430	18,330	1,995	1,035	960
Never married	22,210	11,740	10,465	1,720	930	795
Separated	2,500	1,080	1,420	65	30	35
Divorced	4,725	1,765	2,965	60	25	35
Widowed	4,330	845	3,480	160	55	105
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	29,690	...	...	1,700	...	...
2 persons	16,255	...	...	565	...	...
3 persons	6,305	...	...	455	...	...
4 persons	5,270	...	...	305	...	...
5 or more persons	1,860	...	...	375	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.4	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	29,690	...	...	1,700	...	...
Total couple families	25,285	...	...	1,150	...	...
Married couples	20,730	...	...	465	...	...
Common-law couples	4,555	...	...	680	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,405	...	...	545	...	...
Female parent	3,495	...	...	395	...	...
Male parent	910	...	...	155	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	25,285	...	...	1,150	...	...
Couples without children	13,445	...	...	275	...	...
Couples with children	11,840	...	...	880	...	...
1 child	5,100	...	...	285	...	...
2 children	4,960	...	...	250	...	...
3 or more children	1,780	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,405	...	...	545	...	...
1 child	2,810	...	...	290	...	...
2 children	1,200	...	...	165	...	...
3 or more children	390	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	17,960	8,420	9,540	630	375	255
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	42,775	...	...	1,665	...	...
One-census-family households	28,770	...	...	1,090	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,095	...	...	165	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15,675	...	...	930	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	460	...	...	285	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,545	...	...	290	...	...
One-person households	11,450	...	...	230	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,095	...	...	60	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	100,940	49,100	51,840	6,525	3,350	3,175
English only	78,205	39,080	39,125	6,345	3,255	3,090
French only	370	180	190	0	0	0
English and French	21,680	9,525	12,155	110	60	45
Neither English nor French	680	315	370	75	35	40
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	100,940	49,105	51,840	6,520	3,345	3,170
English	92,830	45,350	47,475	6,425	3,300	3,125
French	7,000	3,245	3,755	25	15	10
English and French	450	210	245	5	5	0
Neither English nor French	665	300	365	70	30	40
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	7,225	3,350	3,875	30	20	15
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	7.2	6.8	7.5	0.5	0.6	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	100,940	49,100	51,840	6,520	3,350	3,175
Single responses	99,635	48,505	51,130	6,330	3,245	3,090
Official languages	93,265	45,290	47,975	4,320	2,270	2,050
English	86,250	42,040	44,210	4,280	2,245	2,035
French	7,010	3,250	3,765	35	20	15
Non-official languages	6,375	3,215	3,160	2,015	975	1,045
Aboriginal languages	115	50	65	1,945	940	1,010
Algonquian languages	110	45	60	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malecite	75	35	45	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	1,945	935	1,005
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	485	210	270
Inuktitut	0	0	0	1,445	715	730
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,260	3,165	3,090	70	40	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,065	580	485	5	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,060	575	480	5	5	5
Amharic	35	25	15	0	0	0
Arabic	955	515	440	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	55	35	25	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	195	105	90	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	190	105	85	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	195	75	115	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	5	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	15	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	145	55	95	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	40	35	0	5	5
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	5	5	5	0	0
Tamil	45	25	20	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,730	1,360	1,370	30	20	15
Albanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	695	335	360	5	5	0
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	675	325	350	5	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	30	30	5	5	0
Russian	375	190	185	0	0	5
Serbian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	645	305	340	10	5	5
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dutch	235	120	110	0	0	0
Frisian	5	5	0	5	0	0
German	345	155	190	10	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	825	440	385	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	480	260	220	10	5	0
Bengali	85	50	30	5	5	0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	105	50	50	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Nepali	140	70	70	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	65	40	30	5	5	5
Iranian languages	345	180	165	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	20	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	310	165	145	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	500	245	250	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	70	35	40	0	0	0
Romanian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Spanish	305	155	150	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	5	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	345	185	165	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	150	80	70	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	50	20	30	0	0	0
Wolof	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	30	15	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	15	5	5	0
American Sign Language	10	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,290	645	645	10	0	5
Chinese languages	1,290	645	645	10	0	5
Cantonese	120	60	60	5	0	5
Hakka	10	10	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,020	520	505	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	65	35	30	5	0	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	20	20	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	60	30	30	5	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	5	0	0
Multiple responses	1,305	595	705	190	105	85
English and French	825	365	455	0	0	0
English and non-official language	400	190	205	185	100	85
French and non-official language	40	20	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	100,940	49,100	51,840	6,525	3,345	3,170
Single responses	99,290	48,290	51,000	6,470	3,325	3,150
Official languages	95,470	46,340	49,130	5,760	2,950	2,810
English	91,505	44,500	47,010	5,760	2,945	2,810
French	3,970	1,845	2,125	5	5	5
Non-official languages	3,815	1,945	1,865	705	370	335
Aboriginal languages	25	15	10	685	360	325
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malecite	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	5	0	680	360	325
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	100	45	60
Inuktitut	0	0	0	570	310	260
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	10	5	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,790	1,935	1,855	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	725	365	355	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	720	365	355	5	5	5
Amharic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	680	345	330	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	15	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	170	90	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	165	85	75	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	25	35	5	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	40	15	20	5	5	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	15	10	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,395	715	685	5	0	5
Albanian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Armenian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	450	230	225	5	0	0
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	440	225	215	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	5	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Russian	295	145	145	0	0	0
Serbian	60	35	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	55	50	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	40	20	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	30	30	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	570	300	270	5	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	305	155	150	5	0	0
Bengali	55	30	20	0	5	0
Gujarati	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	65	35	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	105	45	55	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	270	140	125	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	260	135	120	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	235	120	115	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	35	10	20	0	0	0
Spanish	155	80	75	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	270	145	125	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	10	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	15	5	0	5
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	20	15	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,000	510	485	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,000	510	490	0	0	0
Cantonese	65	30	30	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	850	440	405	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,650	810	840	50	25	25
English and French	585	275	305	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,000	505	495	55	25	30
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	25	35	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	100,940	49,105	51,840	6,520	3,350	3,175
None	91,585	44,840	46,745	3,435	1,790	1,650
English	3,420	1,635	1,780	465	250	210
French	3,900	1,680	2,220	15	10	5
Non-official language	1,865	865	995	2,605	1,300	1,305
Aboriginal	165	65	100	2,565	1,280	1,285
Non-Aboriginal	1,700	805	895	35	20	15
English and French	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	45	25	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	75	35	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	83,740	40,515	43,225	4,325	2,195	2,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	79,585	38,450	41,135	4,035	2,035	2,005
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,929	41,572	29,306	23,315	22,605	23,712
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	79,620	38,455	41,165	4,035	2,030	2,005
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,181	36,359	26,771	23,035	22,304	23,336
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	72,695	35,950	36,750	3,360	1,755	1,610
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,815	39,834	26,741	18,731	20,288	16,896
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	54,445	22,820	31,625	3,975	1,995	1,975
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,931	6,379	5,658	3,732	1,478	6,732
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	59,855	30,455	29,405	3,260	1,695	1,560
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,862	38,562	27,944	17,933	20,368	15,328
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	83,725	40,525	43,205	4,325	2,200	2,130
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	79,600	38,375	41,225	4,035	2,035	2,000
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,200	50,225	36,659	42,213	43,013	41,400
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	79,630	38,380	41,245	4,035	2,030	2,005
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,974	41,108	31,197	36,580	36,728	36,430
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	72,640	35,975	36,665	3,365	1,755	1,610
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,702	48,795	34,742	42,038	44,005	39,896
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	54,540	22,845	31,695	3,970	1,995	1,975
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,510	7,537	7,490	7,279	5,122	9,454
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	59,845	30,340	29,505	3,255	1,695	1,565
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,947	46,962	34,761	41,406	43,697	38,921
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	83,730	40,525	43,200	4,325	2,200	2,130
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	30,900	16,460	14,440	1,045	565	485
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,714	55,512	44,946	83,763	82,133	85,376
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,494	63,682	50,439	83,696	85,376	81,747
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	88.3	91.2	84.5	83.1	88.2	77.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.4	74.0	68.1	79.1	84.6	73.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	11.7	8.8	15.5	17.0	11.7	22.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	83,740	40,515	43,225	4,325	2,195	2,125
Without total income	4,155	2,065	2,090	290	165	125
With total income	79,585	38,450	41,135	4,035	2,030	2,005
Percentage with total income	95.0	94.9	95.2	93.3	92.5	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	10,735	4,640	6,095	1,025	625	400
$10,000 to $19,999	12,800	4,780	8,025	765	325	445
$20,000 to $29,999	11,460	4,620	6,840	590	245	345
$30,000 to $39,999	9,835	4,485	5,350	340	170	170
$40,000 to $49,999	8,895	4,250	4,645	190	95	100
$50,000 to $59,999	6,850	3,730	3,120	140	65	75
$60,000 to $69,999	5,240	3,130	2,110	105	60	50
$70,000 to $79,999	4,140	2,350	1,790	105	50	55
$80,000 to $89,999	2,850	1,650	1,200	115	65	45
$90,000 to $99,999	1,755	1,120	635	105	50	55
$100,000 and over	5,035	3,695	1,335	555	290	260
$100,000 to $149,999	3,575	2,590	985	405	190	215
$150,000 and over	1,460	1,110	350	145	95	50
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	83,740	40,520	43,225	4,325	2,200	2,125
Without after-tax income	4,120	2,065	2,055	290	165	125
With after-tax income	79,620	38,455	41,165	4,035	2,030	2,005
Percentage with after-tax income	95.1	94.9	95.2	93.3	92.3	94.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	11,230	4,715	6,515	1,030	625	405
$10,000 to $19,999	13,560	5,120	8,435	775	335	445
$20,000 to $29,999	13,555	5,675	7,880	615	260	360
$30,000 to $39,999	12,320	5,770	6,555	350	175	175
$40,000 to $49,999	9,950	5,200	4,750	220	100	110
$50,000 to $59,999	7,015	4,185	2,825	160	85	70
$60,000 to $69,999	4,805	2,710	2,095	145	70	75
$70,000 to $79,999	2,580	1,675	905	140	70	70
$80,000 and over	4,605	3,405	1,205	600	315	290
$80,000 to $89,999	1,580	1,135	445	150	70	75
$90,000 to $99,999	905	675	230	135	55	75
$100,000 and over	2,125	1,600	525	320	185	135
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	83,740	40,520	43,225	4,325	2,195	2,130
Without employment income	23,885	10,065	13,825	1,070	500	565
With employment income	59,855	30,450	29,405	3,255	1,695	1,560
Percentage with employment income	71.5	75.1	68.0	75.3	77.2	73.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,235	3,390	3,850	895	420	480
$5,000 to $9,999	5,020	2,210	2,810	350	175	175
$10,000 to $19,999	8,290	3,675	4,620	455	245	210
$20,000 to $29,999	7,515	3,380	4,135	255	150	105
$30,000 to $39,999	6,445	3,055	3,385	175	110	70
$40,000 to $49,999	6,230	2,980	3,250	135	75	60
$50,000 to $59,999	4,770	2,715	2,055	95	40	55
$60,000 to $69,999	3,830	2,280	1,555	100	60	35
$70,000 to $79,999	3,235	1,745	1,495	95	45	45
$80,000 and over	7,275	5,020	2,250	700	370	330
$80,000 to $89,999	2,165	1,285	880	105	55	50
$90,000 to $99,999	1,355	870	485	100	50	55
$100,000 and over	3,755	2,865	890	495	265	225
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	42,775	...	...	1,665	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,877	...	...	77,397	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,221	...	...	70,400	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,450	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,724	...	...	65,792	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,067	...	...	56,864	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,325	...	...	1,435	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,024	...	...	78,677	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,980	...	...	73,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	42,770	...	...	1,660	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	80,397	...	...	102,422	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	66,974	...	...	88,755	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,465	...	...	230	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,880	...	...	74,768	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,309	...	...	61,833	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,305	...	...	1,435	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,504	...	...	106,838	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,571	...	...	93,055	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	42,775	...	...	1,665	...	...
Under $5,000	690	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	930	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	865	...	...	35	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,685	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,815	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,820	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,960	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,950	...	...	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,935	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,890	...	...	65	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,510	...	...	120	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,380	...	...	110	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,030	...	...	75	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,780	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,285	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,240	...	...	665	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,555	...	...	150	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,015	...	...	130	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,910	...	...	170	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,755	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	42,770	...	...	1,665	...	...
Under $5,000	715	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	940	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	885	...	...	40	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,775	...	...	60	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,105	...	...	85	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,045	...	...	60	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,335	...	...	65	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,415	...	...	75	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,355	...	...	65	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,310	...	...	75	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,225	...	...	130	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,935	...	...	130	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,300	...	...	90	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,945	...	...	95	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,335	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,155	...	...	585	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,080	...	...	180	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,050	...	...	120	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,030	...	...	280	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	29,640	...	...	1,415	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,278	...	...	77,312	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,733	...	...	71,680	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	12,885	...	...	155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,937	...	...	159,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,139	...	...	131,328	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	11,935	...	...	845	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,231	...	...	90,112	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,595	...	...	83,115	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	5.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,150	...	...	345	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,227	...	...	47,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,517	...	...	45,696	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	29,645	...	...	1,415	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,716	...	...	105,519	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,344	...	...	91,952	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	12,895	...	...	150	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,832	...	...	153,950	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,204	...	...	125,810	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	11,915	...	...	845	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,397	...	...	117,017	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,199	...	...	102,435	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,155	...	...	345	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,756	...	...	58,592	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,851	...	...	53,562	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,330	7,730	8,600	300	190	110
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,399	30,103	28,740	54,656	44,672	70,400
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,948	27,281	26,641	50,112	42,368	62,336
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	16,245	7,640	8,605	300	190	110
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,012	37,782	36,328	69,945	65,087	78,547
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,545	31,757	31,358	58,212	54,121	65,456
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	100,370	48,875	51,490	6,485	3,325	3,160
In the bottom half of the distribution	53,130	25,365	27,770	3,985	2,010	1,975
In the bottom decile	11,780	5,680	6,095	990	490	505
In the second decile	10,325	4,670	5,650	1,120	555	565
In the third decile	10,210	4,905	5,300	760	390	370
In the fourth decile	10,300	4,985	5,315	555	280	275
In the fifth decile	10,530	5,120	5,405	555	290	265
In the top half of the distribution	47,240	23,510	23,725	2,505	1,315	1,185
In the sixth decile	10,980	5,415	5,565	470	255	215
In the seventh decile	10,620	5,305	5,320	370	205	165
In the eighth decile	10,165	5,005	5,160	430	225	200
In the ninth decile	8,925	4,480	4,445	480	245	235
In the top decile	6,545	3,305	3,240	760	390	370
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	98,845	48,140	50,705	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	19,485	9,855	9,625	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	6,370	3,205	3,160	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	63,695	30,990	32,705	0	0	0
65 years and over	15,665	7,290	8,370	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	15,295	7,060	8,235	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	4,015	2,055	1,960	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,430	725	705	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	9,190	4,240	4,950	0	0	0
65 years and over	2,090	770	1,320	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.5	14.7	16.2	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	20.6	20.9	20.4	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	22.4	22.6	22.3	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	14.4	13.7	15.1	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	13.3	10.6	15.8	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	8,590	4,215	4,375	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,020	1,050	975	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	725	370	355	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	6,260	3,050	3,210	0	0	0
65 years and over	305	115	190	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.7	8.8	8.6	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	10.4	10.7	10.1	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	11.4	11.5	11.2	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	9.8	9.8	9.8	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.6	2.3	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	100,370	48,875	51,490	6,485	3,325	3,160
Official languages	99,700	48,570	51,130	6,415	3,295	3,120
English	99,350	48,360	50,990	6,415	3,295	3,125
French	22,010	9,750	12,260	110	60	45
Non-official languages	8,830	4,375	4,455	3,840	1,920	1,920
Aboriginal languages	360	150	205	3,730	1,855	1,875
Algonquian languages	335	150	180	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	325	150	175	0	0	0
Malecite	240	105	130	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	90	35	50	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	0	20	3,725	1,855	1,870
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	1,120	515	610
Inuktitut	15	0	15	2,630	1,355	1,275
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Iroquoian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	8,485	4,225	4,260	125	70	50
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,470	740	730	10	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,470	740	730	0	0	10
Amharic	55	30	20	0	0	0
Arabic	1,215	610	605	0	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	200	95	105	0	0	0
Maltese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	285	155	130	10	10	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	275	155	125	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	180	70	115	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	10	25	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	130	55	75	0	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	155	75	75	0	0	0
Kannada	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	95	55	45	0	0	0
Telugu	65	30	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,375	2,125	2,250	60	40	25
Albanian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Armenian	45	15	25	10	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	825	410	415	15	10	0
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	810	405	410	10	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Croatian	45	15	35	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	110	55	60	0	0	0
Russian	520	275	245	10	10	0
Serbian	40	30	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	85	25	55	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	40	15	30	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,075	560	520	30	15	10
Afrikaans	10	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	20	0	0	0
Dutch	350	170	180	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	705	375	330	25	15	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	15	15	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	35	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,035	530	505	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	680	365	320	10	0	0
Bengali	95	70	25	0	10	0
Gujarati	30	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	320	165	155	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	175	85	90	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	75	35	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Urdu	110	60	55	0	10	0
Iranian languages	375	185	195	0	0	0
Kurdish	45	20	25	0	0	0
Pashto	35	20	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	300	145	155	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,430	635	795	15	10	10
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	160	50	105	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	60	55	0	0	0
Romanian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	1,195	545	645	15	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	100	35	65	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	435	225	205	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	290	180	105	10	10	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	15	10	0	10	0
Lingala	15	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	25	15	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swahili	60	40	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	30	15	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	180	60	125	25	10	15
American Sign Language	70	20	55	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	110	45	65	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,330	715	615	15	10	0
Chinese languages	1,325	715	610	15	10	0
Cantonese	125	65	55	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,150	635	515	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	70	40	40	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	35	25	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	0	0	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	35	0	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkish	50	20	30	10	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Estonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	15	25	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	100,365	48,875	51,490	6,485	3,330	3,160
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	95,570	46,400	49,175	6,460	3,310	3,150
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,925	9,595	9,330	2,485	1,305	1,180
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	76,650	36,805	39,845	3,975	2,005	1,970
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,795	2,475	2,320	25	15	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	100,370	48,875	51,490	6,485	3,325	3,160
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	91,130	44,265	46,865	6,390	3,265	3,120
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	8,250	3,990	4,260	90	55	35
Before 1981	2,250	1,070	1,180	30	15	10
1981 to 1990	615	305	310	10	10	0
1991 to 2000	835	395	440	15	10	0
2001 to 2010	1,925	935	990	25	15	10
2001 to 2005	645	295	355	15	10	0
2006 to 2010	1,275	640	635	10	10	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,625	1,290	1,340	15	10	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	985	615	365	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	8,255	3,990	4,260	95	60	40
Under 5 years	1,110	485	625	10	10	0
5 to 14 years	1,790	830	960	15	10	10
15 to 24 years	1,415	675	740	20	10	10
25 to 44 years	3,245	1,605	1,635	45	30	15
45 years and over	695	395	300	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,255	3,990	4,260	95	55	35
Americas	1,470	695	770	20	15	10
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	35	25	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	70	45	25	0	0	0
Guyana	15	0	15	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	25	20	10	0	0	0
Mexico	25	15	10	0	0	0
Peru	10	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	20	0	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,080	490	585	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	170	65	105	10	0	0
Europe	2,505	1,175	1,330	20	15	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	70	30	35	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	10	0	0	0
France	85	35	45	0	0	0
Germany	350	150	195	10	10	0
Greece	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hungary	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Italy	20	10	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	250	135	115	0	0	0
Poland	55	20	35	10	0	0
Portugal	35	20	15	0	0	0
Romania	35	15	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	60	35	20	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	130	55	80	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,070	530	540	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	260	115	150	0	0	0
Africa	595	330	260	15	15	0
Algeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	45	30	15	10	0	0
Ethiopia	45	20	20	0	0	0
Kenya	20	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	75	35	40	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	15	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	365	200	160	10	10	0
Asia	3,610	1,755	1,855	35	15	15
Afghanistan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	55	35	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	820	415	405	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	30	15	0	0	0	10
India	280	125	155	0	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	255	115	145	0	0	0
Iraq	50	25	30	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	410	225	185	0	0	0
Lebanon	175	95	80	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	35	40	0	0	0
Philippines	160	60	95	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	460	225	235	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	255	130	125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	510	225	280	15	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	75	35	40	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,625	1,290	1,345	15	10	10
Americas	145	85	65	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	15	15	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	50	25	25	0	0	0
Europe	265	140	120	0	0	0
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	20	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	25	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	70	45	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	75	35	40	0	0	0
Africa	260	130	125	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	10	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	40	25	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	10	25	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	145	85	65	0	10	0
Asia	1,955	930	1,025	10	10	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	465	235	235	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	10	0	0	0	0
India	60	25	35	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	135	70	65	0	0	0
Iraq	40	20	25	0	0	0
Israel	55	20	35	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	130	70	60	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	15	0	0	0
Nepal	40	10	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Philippines	120	50	75	0	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	445	210	230	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	25	15	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	225	120	100	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	155	60	95	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	100,370	48,875	51,495	6,485	3,325	3,160
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	9,935	4,980	4,955	100	60	40
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	8,375	4,110	4,265	110	65	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	82,060	39,780	42,275	6,270	3,200	3,075
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	6,035	2,925	3,110	65	40	25
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,840	2,000	1,840	30	20	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,350	1,040	310	20	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,490	965	1,530	15	10	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,115	400	715	30	10	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,065	515	545	10	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	100,370	48,875	51,495	6,485	3,325	3,160
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	4,420	2,085	2,330	5,960	3,010	2,945
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	4,275	2,020	2,260	5,945	3,005	2,940
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,365	1,585	1,780	20	10	15
Métis	845	415	435	30	15	10
Inuk (Inuit)	60	25	40	5,900	2,985	2,915
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	55	35	25	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	80	35	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	95,950	46,790	49,160	530	315	210
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	100,370	48,875	51,495	6,485	3,325	3,160
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,860	1,375	1,485	25	10	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	97,510	47,500	50,010	6,465	3,315	3,145
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	100,370	48,875	51,495	6,485	3,325	3,160
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,845	860	980	5,070	2,580	2,495
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,825	855	970	5,010	2,550	2,465
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,745	815	930	20	10	15
Métis single ancestry	70	35	30	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	0	10	4,985	2,540	2,450
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	15	10	10	60	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	45	20	20
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	4,910	2,310	2,595	850	420	430
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	4,780	2,265	2,515	770	385	390
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,730	1,765	1,970	50	25	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	910	425	485	10	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	75	60	720	355	370
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	130	50	85	80	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	45	60	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	25	10	20	60	30	35
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	93,620	45,705	47,915	560	330	230
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	100,370	48,875	51,495	6,485	3,330	3,160
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	6,560	3,335	3,225	80	40	35
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	960	510	455	10	10	10
Chinese	1,430	730	700	15	0	0
Black	1,230	595	635	25	15	10
Filipino	200	95	105	10	0	10
Latin American	360	210	145	10	0	0
Arab	920	465	455	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	350	165	185	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	340	175	165	10	0	0
Korean	430	230	200	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	85	40	45	0	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	215	110	100	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	93,805	45,545	48,265	6,405	3,285	3,125
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	100,370	48,875	51,495	6,485	3,330	3,160
North American Aboriginal origins	6,745	3,170	3,580	5,920	2,995	2,925
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,625	2,630	2,995	175	85	90
Inuit	165	85	85	5,845	2,950	2,890
Métis	1,105	515	590	40	20	20
Other North American origins	45,370	22,125	23,245	220	120	105
Acadian	2,280	1,105	1,175	15	10	10
American	1,285	665	615	45	30	25
Canadian	43,435	21,170	22,265	155	85	75
New Brunswicker	25	10	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	85	40	45	10	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	60	35	25	10	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	68,455	33,030	35,420	1,185	635	555
British Isles origins	57,615	27,710	29,905	685	375	305
Channel Islander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	25	10	15	0	0	0
English	31,590	15,270	16,325	225	125	105
Irish	26,480	12,335	14,140	210	110	105
Manx	20	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish	27,395	12,960	14,445	380	225	155
Welsh	2,785	1,310	1,480	30	10	15
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,500	1,140	1,355	25	15	15
French origins	17,480	8,385	9,095	150	85	70
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	17,475	8,380	9,100	155	85	70
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,445	5,140	5,305	165	90	75
Austrian	190	125	65	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	300	140	160	10	0	0
Dutch	3,905	1,875	2,030	40	20	25
Flemish	25	25	0	0	0	0
Frisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
German	6,650	3,225	3,420	120	65	55
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	215	125	90	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	10	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	2,050	875	1,175	300	145	160
Danish	770	325	450	205	95	110
Finnish	130	45	80	10	0	0
Icelandic	70	35	30	0	0	10
Norwegian	650	285	370	50	25	25
Swedish	360	145	215	30	15	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	165	90	80	30	15	10
Eastern European origins	2,830	1,355	1,470	90	40	45
Bulgarian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Byelorussian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	95	40	60	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Estonian	65	25	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	295	150	150	10	10	10
Latvian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	885	400	480	20	15	0
Romanian	125	65	60	0	0	0
Russian	605	270	340	25	15	15
Slovak	75	50	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	860	460	405	40	15	25
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,665	1,370	1,295	35	15	15
Albanian	70	35	40	0	0	0
Bosnian	75	45	35	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	240	125	115	0	0	0
Italian	1,365	675	695	20	15	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	10	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	345	170	170	10	0	10
Serbian	55	40	20	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Spanish	485	265	220	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	480	240	240	40	20	20
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	220	95	120	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	245	135	105	40	20	20
Caribbean origins	320	135	185	15	10	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	20	10	0	0	0
Dominican	0	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaican	125	60	70	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	35	15	20	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	10	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	25	10	15	0	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	55	20	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	540	300	235	10	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	15	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilean	25	0	25	0	0	0
Colombian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Costa Rican	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	20	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	40	20	25	0	0	0
Maya	70	35	30	0	0	0
Mexican	130	75	55	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	65	45	20	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	20	15	0	0	0
African origins	1,300	655	640	40	20	20
Central and West African origins	220	125	95	0	10	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Guinean	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ibo	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	25	35	0	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	240	130	110	0	10	0
Algerian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	65	45	20	10	0	10
Libyan	135	65	70	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	285	135	150	10	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	30	15	15	0	0	0
Rwandan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	45	15	30	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	575	275	300	25	10	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	90	25	60	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	485	250	240	15	10	10
Asian origins	5,785	2,945	2,835	55	30	30
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,120	1,105	1,015	10	10	0
Afghan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	125	55	70	0	0	0
Armenian	60	20	35	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	335	160	175	0	0	0
Iraqi	55	25	35	0	0	0
Israeli	50	25	25	0	0	0
Jordanian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	35	20	10	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	765	410	355	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Syrian	510	255	255	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	75	50	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	20	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	10	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	1,070	550	515	15	0	0
Bangladeshi	90	55	40	0	0	0
Bengali	20	20	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	35	15	15	0	0	0
East Indian	675	330	345	10	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	145	70	75	0	0	0
Pakistani	75	50	30	0	0	0
Punjabi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	40	25	20	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	10	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,640	1,325	1,320	35	15	20
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,560	780	780	25	10	10
Filipino	260	110	150	10	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	440	235	205	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	30	0	30	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	295	155	140	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	150	70	85	0	0	0
Australian	75	30	45	0	0	0
New Zealander	60	30	30	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	42,770	...	...	1,660	...	...
Owner	30,380	...	...	310	...	...
Renter	11,960	...	...	1,350	...	...
Band housing	435	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	42,775	...	...	1,660	...	...
Condominium	1,810	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	40,970	...	...	1,645	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	42,770	...	...	1,665	...	...
No bedrooms	90	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	3,480	...	...	180	...	...
2 bedrooms	11,475	...	...	700	...	...
3 bedrooms	15,700	...	...	540	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	12,020	...	...	245	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	42,770	...	...	1,665	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	9,275	...	...	910	...	...
5 rooms	6,965	...	...	410	...	...
6 rooms	6,515	...	...	215	...	...
7 rooms	5,620	...	...	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	14,400	...	...	55	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	42,770	...	...	1,660	...	...
One person or fewer per room	42,435	...	...	1,170	...	...
More than 1 person per room	335	...	...	495	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	42,770	...	...	1,660	...	...
Suitable	41,620	...	...	1,040	...	...
Not suitable	1,150	...	...	625	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	42,770	...	...	1,665	...	...
1960 or before	7,465	...	...	25	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,385	...	...	425	...	...
1981 to 1990	6,080	...	...	360	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,030	...	...	365	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,400	...	...	145	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,020	...	...	195	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,395	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	42,770	...	...	1,660	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	39,895	...	...	1,175	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,875	...	...	485	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	42,770	...	...	1,660	...	...
1 household maintainer	24,410	...	...	1,135	...	...
2 household maintainers	17,590	...	...	485	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	775	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	42,770	...	...	1,665	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,260	...	...	55	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,695	...	...	375	...	...
35 to 44 years	7,345	...	...	360	...	...
45 to 54 years	8,290	...	...	440	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,920	...	...	265	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,055	...	...	110	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,125	...	...	50	...	...
85 years and over	1,085	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	41,905	...	...	1,660	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,050	...	...	1,600	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,850	...	...	60	...	...
30% to less than 100%	6,815	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,175	...	...	310	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	61.2	...	...	54.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.4	...	...	4.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	943	...	...	1,148	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,038	...	...	1,365	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,107	...	...	250,167	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	218,127	...	...	262,035	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	11,960	...	...	1,355	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.9	...	...	90.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	40.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	850	...	...	160	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	870	...	...	535	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	83,725	40,525	43,200	4,325	2,195	2,130
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,680	6,065	5,615	2,430	1,210	1,220
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,300	11,640	11,660	485	240	240
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,750	22,825	25,930	1,405	745	665
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,885	4,225	1,660	490	370	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,985	1,700	1,290	340	245	95
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,905	2,530	375	150	125	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,995	6,755	10,235	565	230	340
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,385	500	880	35	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	24,490	11,335	13,150	310	135	175
Bachelor's degree	16,500	7,355	9,145	210	80	130
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,220	530	690	15	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	510	275	235	10	0	10
Master's degree	5,020	2,350	2,675	80	40	40
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,245	830	415	10	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	54,810	26,495	28,315	2,900	1,475	1,425
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,040	2,370	1,670	1,315	650	665
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	13,535	6,940	6,595	330	175	160
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	37,230	17,180	20,050	1,255	650	600
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,020	2,910	1,115	420	310	105
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,020	1,125	890	300	215	85
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,000	1,775	220	115	95	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,975	5,295	7,675	515	205	315
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	955	370	585	30	15	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,280	8,610	10,670	285	125	165
Bachelor's degree	13,025	5,660	7,365	190	70	115
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	960	400	555	10	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	445	220	220	0	0	0
Master's degree	3,975	1,790	2,190	75	35	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	875	540	345	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	83,730	40,525	43,200	4,325	2,200	2,130
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,975	17,705	17,270	2,920	1,450	1,465
Education	4,385	1,180	3,205	180	50	130
13. Education	4,385	1,175	3,210	180	50	130
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,255	530	725	25	15	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	215	165	55	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,040	370	670	15	10	10
Humanities	3,165	1,325	1,840	45	25	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	230	85	150	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	805	245	555	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	760	250	515	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	0	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	230	125	100	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	365	230	135	10	0	0
54. History	610	350	255	15	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	150	35	115	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,585	1,845	3,740	140	25	120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	55	10	45	20	0	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	450	195	260	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	755	50	710	75	10	70
22. Legal professions and studies	975	340	630	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	35	60	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,260	330	935	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	2,000	890	1,110	25	15	10
Business, management and public administration	9,775	3,105	6,670	235	75	160
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	885	170	720	35	0	25
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	8,865	2,930	5,935	200	70	130
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,895	1,010	885	35	25	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	855	400	450	10	10	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	380	155	225	0	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	25	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	560	415	150	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	70	35	40	15	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,520	1,715	805	20	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,220	1,590	630	15	10	0
25. Library science	155	30	125	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	140	90	45	0	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	9,400	8,665	735	345	310	30
04. Architecture and related services	130	90	40	10	10	0
14. Engineering	2,590	2,220	375	15	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,835	1,635	195	70	60	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,145	2,115	25	170	160	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,040	1,970	75	75	70	0
48. Precision production	665	635	30	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,075	825	250	60	45	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	350	230	125	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	725	590	130	55	40	10
Health and related fields	6,925	1,170	5,755	110	30	80
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	685	275	410	20	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	6,055	780	5,275	95	15	75
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	185	115	70	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,765	1,450	1,315	210	135	75
12. Personal and culinary services	1,520	350	1,175	75	20	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	40	15	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	85	80	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	645	530	115	25	20	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	465	450	15	105	95	10
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	54,810	26,490	28,315	2,900	1,475	1,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,575	9,310	8,265	1,645	820	825
Education	2,995	755	2,245	160	45	115
13. Education	3,000	755	2,240	160	45	115
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	955	405	555	25	15	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	145	115	40	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	805	290	515	20	10	10
Humanities	2,280	905	1,375	40	25	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	200	65	130	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	550	150	405	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	570	185	390	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	0	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	175	100	75	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	240	145	90	10	0	0
54. History	420	230	190	0	10	10
55. French language and literature/letters	100	25	75	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,415	1,350	3,065	125	20	105
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	360	160	200	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	570	30	540	70	10	65
22. Legal professions and studies	805	230	575	10	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	25	45	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,000	230	765	10	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,585	670	915	25	15	10
Business, management and public administration	7,700	2,440	5,265	220	70	155
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	0	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	740	125	615	30	10	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,935	2,310	4,625	190	60	125
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,390	690	700	30	25	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	655	275	375	0	10	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	250	100	150	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	390	270	125	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	35	35	15	10	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,220	1,535	690	20	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,015	1,430	580	15	10	10
25. Library science	105	25	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	95	75	25	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,055	6,415	635	290	265	30
04. Architecture and related services	100	75	25	10	10	10
14. Engineering	2,010	1,680	330	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,390	1,210	185	55	50	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,605	1,585	25	145	140	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,485	1,420	60	60	55	0
48. Precision production	465	450	10	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	845	625	225	55	40	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	285	175	105	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	560	445	120	50	40	10
Health and related fields	5,230	955	4,275	105	30	75
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	490	205	290	15	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,590	665	3,920	85	20	70
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	150	85	70	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,135	1,105	1,030	185	125	65
12. Personal and culinary services	1,200	280	920	70	20	50
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	45	35	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	65	65	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	480	390	90	20	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	340	335	10	95	90	10
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	83,730	40,525	43,200	4,325	2,195	2,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,980	17,705	17,270	2,920	1,455	1,465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	48,750	22,820	25,930	1,405	745	660
Location of study inside Canada	44,815	20,830	23,985	1,350	715	635
Same as province or territory of residence	34,445	15,925	18,520	685	310	375
Different than province or territory of residence	10,370	4,905	5,465	665	400	265
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,935	1,990	1,945	55	30	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,045	550	495	15	10	10
Philippines	95	35	60	10	10	10
India	170	80	85	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	575	315	260	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	420	205	215	0	0	0
France	75	45	30	0	0	0
Other	1,565	765	800	20	15	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	54,810	26,495	28,315	2,900	1,470	1,430
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,580	9,315	8,265	1,645	825	825
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	37,230	17,185	20,050	1,255	655	600
Location of study inside Canada	34,285	15,765	18,520	1,205	620	580
Same as province or territory of residence	26,080	11,940	14,140	610	270	345
Different than province or territory of residence	8,210	3,830	4,380	590	355	240
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,940	1,415	1,530	50	30	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	635	295	335	20	10	10
Philippines	95	35	60	10	0	0
India	110	50	60	0	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	300	155	145	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	405	195	205	0	0	0
France	70	35	30	0	0	0
Other	1,340	650	685	20	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	83,725	40,525	43,200	4,325	2,200	2,125
In the labour force	55,330	28,100	27,230	2,855	1,490	1,360
Employed	50,440	25,215	25,225	2,055	1,010	1,045
Unemployed	4,885	2,885	2,000	795	480	320
Not in the labour force	28,395	12,425	15,970	1,470	705	765
Participation rate	66.1	69.3	63.0	66.0	67.7	64.0
Employment rate	60.2	62.2	58.4	47.5	45.9	49.2
Unemployment rate	8.8	10.3	7.3	27.8	32.2	23.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	83,725	40,525	43,200	4,325	2,195	2,125
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	25,840	11,100	14,745	1,495	710	785
Worked	57,885	29,425	28,455	2,830	1,485	1,345
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	31,550	16,900	14,645	1,075	585	490
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	26,335	12,525	13,810	1,755	900	855
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	42.7	43.0	34.6	34.3	35.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	55,330	28,100	27,230	2,855	1,490	1,365
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	990	425	565	335	175	155
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	54,340	27,675	26,665	2,520	1,315	1,205
Employee	49,890	25,060	24,835	2,455	1,275	1,175
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,450	2,620	1,830	65	40	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	55,330	28,100	27,230	2,855	1,490	1,360
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	990	425	565	335	180	155
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	54,340	27,675	26,670	2,520	1,315	1,205
0 Management occupations	5,825	3,395	2,430	180	115	60
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	8,405	2,430	5,975	310	85	225
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,060	4,075	990	70	55	10
3 Health occupations	3,955	745	3,205	60	10	60
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,645	3,425	5,215	615	150	465
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,440	670	770	70	35	35
6 Sales and service occupations	12,910	5,425	7,485	580	270	315
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	6,255	5,990	265	520	495	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,040	860	185	65	65	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	810	660	145	45	30	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	55,330	28,100	27,230	2,855	1,490	1,365
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	985	420	560	335	180	155
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	54,345	27,675	26,670	2,520	1,315	1,210
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	835	595	240	15	15	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	240	210	25	50	50	0
22 Utilities	915	635	280	60	55	0
23 Construction	3,330	3,020	315	290	245	40
31-33 Manufacturing	1,840	1,355	485	30	15	15
41 Wholesale trade	1,280	1,030	250	0	10	10
44-45 Retail trade	6,670	3,125	3,550	300	150	155
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,830	1,335	495	125	100	20
51 Information and cultural industries	1,330	835	500	10	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	1,490	520	970	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	820	490	325	95	55	35
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,085	2,465	1,615	35	25	15
55 Management of companies and enterprises	55	40	15	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,435	1,330	1,100	65	45	15
61 Educational services	5,440	2,040	3,405	385	95	285
62 Health care and social assistance	6,505	1,070	5,435	235	30	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	860	465	390	45	30	15
72 Accommodation and food services	3,830	1,515	2,315	75	15	60
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,435	1,110	1,320	85	40	45
91 Public administration	8,115	4,480	3,635	610	345	265
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	50,440	25,215	25,225	2,060	1,015	1,045
Worked at home	3,020	1,445	1,575	65	30	35
Worked outside Canada	205	155	55	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	4,545	3,325	1,220	235	205	30
Worked at usual place	42,670	20,290	22,380	1,755	775	980
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	42,670	20,295	22,380	1,755	770	980
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	23,050	10,575	12,480	1,700	730	970
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,080	6,130	6,955	30	25	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	5,965	3,175	2,795	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	565	410	155	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	47,215	23,615	23,600	1,985	985	1,005
Car, truck, van - as a driver	38,270	19,695	18,575	370	270	100
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,850	1,335	2,515	230	100	130
Public transit	1,300	640	665	10	0	0
Walked	2,815	1,375	1,440	1,250	525	730
Bicycle	430	265	160	0	0	0
Other method	545	310	235	135	85	50
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	47,215	23,620	23,600	1,985	980	1,005
Less than 15 minutes	18,630	8,755	9,875	1,805	875	935
15 to 29 minutes	20,780	10,480	10,300	140	70	70
30 to 44 minutes	5,340	2,830	2,505	15	10	0
45 to 59 minutes	1,230	640	585	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	1,240	910	325	20	20	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	47,215	23,620	23,600	1,990	985	1,005
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,505	955	550	10	10	10
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,055	3,635	2,420	75	50	25
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	18,375	9,335	9,045	285	225	55
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,925	4,890	6,035	1,085	465	615
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	4,375	1,835	2,545	280	135	150
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,980	2,970	3,010	250	90	160
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	59,330	30,095	29,235	2,895	1,505	1,390
Single responses	58,275	29,690	28,590	2,885	1,505	1,385
Official languages	58,050	29,545	28,505	2,700	1,445	1,260
English	56,990	29,235	27,760	2,705	1,440	1,265
French	1,060	310	745	0	0	0
Non-official languages	225	145	85	180	60	120
Aboriginal languages	10	0	0	180	60	120
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	180	60	120
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Inuktitut	0	0	0	155	55	100
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	225	140	80	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	20	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	0	10	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	65	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	110	55	50	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,055	410	650	15	10	10
English and French	955	370	590	0	0	0
English and non-official language	95	40	55	15	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	59,335	30,095	29,235	2,900	1,505	1,395
None	52,235	27,045	25,185	1,850	1,010	840
English	860	310	555	150	45	105
French	5,790	2,495	3,295	15	10	0
Non-official language	420	235	185	885	435	450
Aboriginal	50	0	40	885	435	450
Non-Aboriginal	370	225	145	0	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	99,310	48,310	50,995	6,355	3,250	3,100
Non-movers	84,335	41,015	43,320	5,605	2,865	2,740
Movers	14,970	7,295	7,675	745	390	360
Non-migrants	8,550	4,190	4,360	525	265	255
Migrants	6,425	3,110	3,315	225	120	100
Internal migrants	5,185	2,475	2,710	215	115	100
Intraprovincial migrants	3,345	1,565	1,780	85	45	40
Interprovincial migrants	1,840	915	930	125	65	60
External migrants	1,230	630	605	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	94,885	46,055	48,835	5,715	2,930	2,790
Non-movers	58,055	28,290	29,765	3,600	1,865	1,735
Movers	36,835	17,760	19,070	2,120	1,060	1,060
Non-migrants	18,450	8,805	9,640	1,600	790	810
Migrants	18,385	8,955	9,430	515	270	250
Internal migrants	15,290	7,345	7,940	505	265	240
Intraprovincial migrants	9,745	4,620	5,125	195	105	95
Interprovincial migrants	5,540	2,725	2,815	305	155	145
External migrants	3,095	1,610	1,485	15	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick and Kitikmeot, REG [Census division], Nunavut (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut

Census Profile, 2016 Census Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Fredericton [Census agglomeration], New Brunswick and Kitikmeot, Region [Census division], Nunavut