Census Profile, 2016 Census
Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario and Ottawa--Vanier [Federal electoral district], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Toronto Ontario [Census metropolitan area]			Ottawa--Vanier Ontario [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario  Map : Toronto [Census metropolitan area], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Ottawa--Vanier [Federal electoral district], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	5,928,040	...	...	111,508	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	5,583,064	...	...	110,999	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	6.2	...	...	0.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	2,235,145	...	...	58,098	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	2,135,909	...	...	52,042	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,003.8	...	...	2,852.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	5,905.84	...	...	39.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	5,928,040	2,876,755	3,051,290	111,505	53,510	57,995
0 to 14 years	985,615	505,690	479,920	14,420	7,340	7,080
0 to 4 years	310,070	158,835	151,235	4,940	2,520	2,420
5 to 9 years	338,320	173,665	164,660	4,745	2,440	2,310
10 to 14 years	337,220	173,190	164,035	4,735	2,385	2,350
15 to 64 years	4,083,850	1,988,910	2,094,935	76,205	37,320	38,885
15 to 19 years	366,525	188,790	177,735	6,070	2,975	3,100
20 to 24 years	411,945	210,445	201,500	9,705	4,665	5,035
25 to 29 years	424,345	209,785	214,560	9,000	4,510	4,500
30 to 34 years	419,845	201,620	218,220	7,910	3,925	3,980
35 to 39 years	406,175	190,620	215,555	6,835	3,360	3,475
40 to 44 years	414,490	195,580	218,910	6,555	3,240	3,315
45 to 49 years	440,145	210,225	229,920	7,050	3,430	3,620
50 to 54 years	460,465	225,115	235,350	8,120	4,025	4,095
55 to 59 years	407,175	198,170	209,005	7,965	3,850	4,110
60 to 64 years	332,740	158,560	174,175	6,995	3,355	3,645
65 years and over	858,580	382,150	476,435	20,890	8,850	12,040
65 to 69 years	280,910	132,275	148,635	6,370	2,960	3,410
70 to 74 years	197,490	91,745	105,745	5,025	2,225	2,800
75 to 79 years	151,925	68,045	83,880	3,680	1,585	2,095
80 to 84 years	113,220	49,005	64,215	2,780	1,115	1,665
85 years and over	115,030	41,080	73,955	3,025	960	2,065
85 to 89 years	72,340	28,160	44,175	1,820	665	1,160
90 to 94 years	33,400	10,570	22,835	910	240	670
95 to 99 years	8,030	2,115	5,915	260	50	210
100 years and over	1,270	230	1,040	35	5	30
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.6	17.6	15.7	12.9	13.7	12.2
15 to 64 years	68.9	69.1	68.7	68.3	69.7	67.0
65 years and over	14.5	13.3	15.6	18.7	16.5	20.8
85 years and over	1.9	1.4	2.4	2.7	1.8	3.6
Average age of the population	39.7	38.7	40.6	42.2	41.0	43.3
Median age of the population	39.4	38.2	40.4	41.3	40.0	42.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	2,135,910	...	...	52,040	...	...
Single-detached house	846,405	...	...	9,505	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	626,905	...	...	14,650	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	661,955	...	...	27,880	...	...
Semi-detached house	158,815	...	...	2,745	...	...
Row house	195,245	...	...	10,235	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	89,975	...	...	1,980	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	214,365	...	...	12,830	...	...
Other single-attached house	3,555	...	...	95	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	640	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	2,135,910	...	...	52,040	...	...
1 person	519,795	...	...	21,545	...	...
2 persons	598,700	...	...	17,025	...	...
3 persons	373,775	...	...	6,395	...	...
4 persons	377,170	...	...	4,375	...	...
5 or more persons	266,470	...	...	2,705	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,862,855	...	...	107,260	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	4,942,430	2,371,060	2,571,365	97,095	46,175	50,920
Married or living common law	2,758,170	1,378,855	1,379,315	43,315	21,780	21,530
Married	2,466,925	1,230,930	1,235,995	33,020	16,540	16,480
Living common law	291,240	147,925	143,320	10,290	5,245	5,045
Not married and not living common law	2,184,260	992,210	1,192,050	53,780	24,390	29,390
Never married	1,537,495	798,270	739,220	36,635	18,825	17,810
Separated	130,030	51,235	78,795	3,240	1,355	1,880
Divorced	271,530	97,385	174,150	7,945	3,015	4,925
Widowed	245,200	45,310	199,890	5,970	1,195	4,780
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	1,625,790	...	...	26,985	...	...
2 persons	682,915	...	...	15,575	...	...
3 persons	397,625	...	...	5,480	...	...
4 persons	391,440	...	...	3,900	...	...
5 or more persons	153,805	...	...	2,035	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	1,625,790	...	...	26,990	...	...
Total couple families	1,333,645	...	...	20,830	...	...
Married couples	1,188,130	...	...	15,690	...	...
Common-law couples	145,515	...	...	5,140	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	292,150	...	...	6,160	...	...
Female parent	241,820	...	...	5,120	...	...
Male parent	50,325	...	...	1,035	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,333,645	...	...	20,830	...	...
Couples without children	509,835	...	...	11,860	...	...
Couples with children	823,805	...	...	8,965	...	...
1 child	312,605	...	...	3,830	...	...
2 children	366,295	...	...	3,360	...	...
3 or more children	144,910	...	...	1,775	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	292,145	...	...	6,160	...	...
1 child	173,080	...	...	3,705	...	...
2 children	85,025	...	...	1,650	...	...
3 or more children	34,040	...	...	800	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	923,210	415,830	507,380	32,965	15,545	17,425
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	2,135,910	...	...	52,040	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430,535	...	...	26,015	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	434,860	...	...	11,495	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	995,670	...	...	14,520	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	93,790	...	...	480	...	...
Non-census-family households	611,585	...	...	25,550	...	...
One-person households	519,790	...	...	21,545	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	91,795	...	...	4,010	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	109,535	52,430	57,100
English only	5,154,905	2,553,030	2,601,880	49,855	25,275	24,580
French only	4,855	2,035	2,815	3,880	1,440	2,435
English and French	464,980	201,080	263,900	54,015	24,970	29,045
Neither English nor French	258,925	102,635	156,290	1,785	750	1,035
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	5,883,665	2,858,785	3,024,885	109,540	52,435	57,100
English	5,503,690	2,700,905	2,802,785	72,325	35,750	36,575
French	72,790	33,545	39,245	31,965	14,275	17,690
English and French	51,895	23,470	28,425	3,520	1,695	1,825
Neither English nor French	255,295	100,870	154,430	1,725	710	1,010
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	98,735	45,280	53,455	33,725	15,120	18,605
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	1.7	1.6	1.8	30.8	28.8	32.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	109,535	52,435	57,105
Single responses	5,645,915	2,743,825	2,902,090	104,545	50,050	54,495
Official languages	3,127,355	1,550,385	1,576,970	81,125	39,195	41,930
English	3,061,820	1,520,045	1,541,775	52,425	26,275	26,150
French	65,535	30,340	35,195	28,700	12,915	15,780
Non-official languages	2,518,555	1,193,440	1,325,120	23,425	10,855	12,570
Aboriginal languages	575	255	325	220	80	140
Algonquian languages	400	175	230	80	30	55
Blackfoot	5	10	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	45	70	40	15	25
Atikamekw	5	0	5	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	10	5	5	5
Naskapi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	5	0	0	5	5	0
Plains Cree	10	0	5	5	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	20	15	5	10
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	55	20	35	15	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	25	10	15	5	0	5
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	250	115	140	40	15	25
Algonquin	5	0	0	15	5	10
Ojibway	230	105	120	20	5	15
Oji-Cree	10	5	5	5	5	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dene	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	5	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	35	15	20	135	50	85
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	120	45	80
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Iroquoian languages	20	5	10	5	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	10	5	0	0	0
Oneida	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	5	0	0	0	5
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	5	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	80	40	40	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,517,980	1,193,185	1,324,795	23,205	10,775	12,425
Afro-Asiatic languages	140,140	69,950	70,195	5,845	2,890	2,945
Berber languages	220	130	90	40	25	20
Kabyle	105	60	50	30	15	15
Berber languages, n.i.e.	115	70	45	15	5	5
Cushitic languages	14,405	6,195	8,205	1,055	440	620
Bilen	80	45	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,005	490	515	35	15	20
Somali	13,255	5,625	7,630	995	405	585
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	65	35	30	25	10	15
Semitic languages	125,160	63,435	61,725	4,735	2,425	2,310
Amharic	7,460	3,375	4,085	195	100	95
Arabic	85,175	43,805	41,365	4,360	2,235	2,125
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10,195	4,985	5,215	10	5	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,845	920	925	5	5	0
Harari	930	435	490	5	5	0
Hebrew	10,390	5,560	4,830	35	20	10
Maltese	3,525	1,730	1,795	5	5	5
Tigrigna	4,725	2,160	2,560	130	60	65
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	925	465	460	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	355	185	175	10	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	51,160	23,360	27,800	450	210	240
Khmer (Cambodian)	3,090	1,400	1,690	60	25	35
Vietnamese	48,005	21,935	26,070	390	185	205
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	65	25	40	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	160,980	63,835	97,150	1,180	410	770
Bikol	470	210	260	5	0	5
Cebuano	5,080	2,020	3,055	55	20	40
Fijian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,320	890	1,435	35	15	20
Ilocano	9,415	3,685	5,735	100	40	60
Malagasy	25	15	15	20	10	10
Malay	4,420	1,995	2,430	50	20	35
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,305	580	725	0	0	0
Pangasinan	450	185	270	5	5	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	136,115	53,725	82,385	875	290	585
Waray-Waray	315	105	205	10	5	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,015	400	610	15	5	15
Creole languages	5,505	2,575	2,930	1,355	580	775
Haitian Creole	200	95	110	95	45	50
Creole, n.o.s.	3,380	1,600	1,785	1,225	520	705
Creole languages, n.i.e.	1,920	875	1,040	40	20	20
Dravidian languages	133,415	65,680	67,740	165	90	75
Kannada	2,025	1,015	1,010	10	5	10
Malayalam	12,530	6,430	6,100	45	25	20
Tamil	109,580	53,225	56,355	90	50	40
Telugu	9,015	4,880	4,135	15	10	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	275	135	140	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,372,335	664,655	707,680	9,555	4,535	5,020
Albanian	13,260	6,615	6,645	30	15	15
Armenian	12,570	6,070	6,505	40	20	20
Balto-Slavic languages	261,650	119,970	141,685	1,945	855	1,090
Baltic languages	5,445	2,185	3,260	60	30	30
Latvian	2,255	905	1,350	30	10	15
Lithuanian	3,185	1,280	1,910	30	15	15
Slavic languages	256,205	117,785	138,420	1,890	830	1,065
Belarusan	355	170	185	0	5	0
Bosnian	2,750	1,330	1,415	40	15	25
Bulgarian	6,945	3,350	3,590	80	35	40
Croatian	16,525	7,925	8,595	70	35	40
Czech	4,795	2,215	2,580	100	40	60
Macedonian	12,010	5,700	6,315	10	5	5
Polish	69,860	31,625	38,240	595	270	330
Russian	83,105	37,735	45,375	545	220	330
Serbian	21,420	10,425	10,995	145	65	80
Serbo-Croatian	2,420	1,130	1,290	45	25	25
Slovak	5,260	2,455	2,800	50	30	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	3,705	1,630	2,075	15	5	10
Ukrainian	26,550	11,840	14,710	175	80	95
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	510	265	245	5	0	0
Celtic languages	460	210	250	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	165	75	90	5	0	5
Welsh	150	65	85	5	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	140	75	70	0	0	5
Germanic languages	45,990	20,810	25,180	1,000	455	545
Afrikaans	985	475	510	30	10	20
Danish	1,570	710	855	40	20	25
Dutch	8,585	4,045	4,540	205	110	100
Frisian	135	60	75	5	5	5
German	29,425	13,140	16,285	625	275	355
Icelandic	85	40	45	0	0	0
Norwegian	380	170	210	10	10	5
Swedish	1,140	485	660	45	15	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	280	110	170	15	5	10
Yiddish	3,355	1,555	1,800	15	10	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	50	20	25	5	0	0
Greek	41,225	20,005	21,215	115	65	50
Indo-Iranian languages	589,495	296,750	292,745	2,875	1,490	1,385
Indo-Aryan languages	476,470	239,960	236,510	1,750	925	825
Bengali	38,325	19,275	19,045	615	320	295
Gujarati	64,115	32,120	31,995	85	45	40
Hindi	48,140	24,165	23,975	195	110	85
Kashmiri	275	140	140	5	5	5
Konkani	2,155	1,020	1,135	15	5	5
Marathi	4,465	2,270	2,200	20	10	10
Nepali	4,685	2,350	2,330	95	45	45
Oriya (Odia)	585	315	270	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	171,230	86,995	84,230	255	130	125
Sindhi	5,800	2,720	3,085	20	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	7,860	3,805	4,055	55	30	25
Urdu	128,845	64,790	64,060	400	215	185
Iranian languages	111,100	55,775	55,330	1,110	555	560
Kurdish	2,775	1,555	1,220	85	40	45
Pashto	7,685	3,960	3,730	215	105	110
Persian (Farsi)	100,640	50,255	50,380	815	405	410
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	1,920	1,020	910	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	407,685	194,225	213,460	3,535	1,630	1,905
Catalan	165	90	75	5	0	0
Italian	151,415	72,645	78,770	405	190	215
Portuguese	104,305	50,075	54,235	950	460	490
Romanian	25,075	11,670	13,400	260	100	165
Spanish	126,500	59,645	66,860	1,910	880	1,035
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	225	105	125	5	0	5
Japanese	9,650	3,370	6,280	160	35	120
Kartvelian languages	1,110	595	515	5	0	5
Georgian	1,110	595	515	10	0	5
Korean	55,005	25,250	29,750	270	110	165
Mongolic languages	345	155	190	0	5	0
Mongolian	345	155	190	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	24,130	11,310	12,820	1,285	560	725
Akan (Twi)	8,490	3,905	4,580	20	10	10
Bamanankan	60	30	30	25	10	15
Edo	1,020	410	610	10	5	5
Ewe	370	185	190	15	5	10
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	220	115	105	30	15	15
Ga	440	200	245	10	5	5
Ganda	515	245	270	10	5	5
Igbo	1,520	775	750	25	10	15
Lingala	375	175	200	110	40	75
Rundi (Kirundi)	355	165	185	250	115	135
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	380	175	210	210	80	130
Shona	680	325	355	15	5	10
Swahili	3,215	1,495	1,715	255	115	140
Wolof	160	90	80	40	15	20
Yoruba	3,380	1,720	1,655	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	2,945	1,310	1,635	235	115	120
Nilo-Saharan languages	360	200	160	60	30	35
Dinka	45	25	15	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	315	170	145	40	15	20
Sign languages	1,220	665	555	25	10	20
American Sign Language	470	250	220	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	750	420	330	20	5	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	516,670	239,930	276,740	2,225	1,025	1,200
Chinese languages	510,185	236,775	273,415	2,090	950	1,140
Cantonese	247,710	115,020	132,680	735	340	395
Hakka	6,495	2,915	3,580	10	5	5
Mandarin	227,085	105,655	121,435	1,070	465	600
Min Dong	765	370	395	5	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	11,580	5,345	6,235	75	35	40
Wu (Shanghainese)	5,290	2,380	2,910	35	15	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,075	4,995	6,080	155	85	75
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	190	95	95	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	6,485	3,160	3,325	140	75	65
Burmese	1,005	450	555	25	10	10
Karenic languages	265	125	140	45	20	20
Tibetan	4,875	2,410	2,470	65	40	30
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	335	175	160	0	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages	3,935	1,600	2,340	65	25	45
Lao	2,275	1,095	1,180	30	15	15
Thai	1,640	495	1,145	40	10	30
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages	16,700	8,685	8,015	285	150	135
Azerbaijani	1,615	865	745	15	10	5
Turkish	13,700	7,145	6,550	245	125	120
Uyghur	385	195	195	5	0	0
Uzbek	595	300	295	15	5	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	405	180	225	10	10	5
Uralic languages	24,330	10,880	13,455	225	85	140
Estonian	2,685	1,100	1,585	20	5	15
Finnish	2,515	1,010	1,505	35	10	25
Hungarian	19,130	8,765	10,360	165	70	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	960	495	465	30	25	10
Multiple responses	237,755	114,960	122,795	4,990	2,385	2,605
English and French	14,945	6,895	8,050	2,060	990	1,070
English and non-official language	210,320	102,445	107,880	1,660	815	840
French and non-official language	6,050	2,715	3,330	925	410	515
English, French and non-official language	6,440	2,910	3,535	340	165	175
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,880	109,535	52,435	57,100
Single responses	5,321,900	2,588,170	2,733,730	101,475	48,650	52,825
Official languages	3,866,565	1,899,565	1,966,995	89,950	43,290	46,660
English	3,836,765	1,885,800	1,950,970	67,865	33,615	34,250
French	29,795	13,770	16,030	22,085	9,675	12,410
Non-official languages	1,455,335	688,605	766,730	11,520	5,360	6,165
Aboriginal languages	160	85	80	95	40	60
Algonquian languages	80	40	35	20	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	10	10	15	5	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	5	5	0	5	0	0
Moose Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	10	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	5	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	45	20	20	5	5	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	35	20	15	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gwich'in	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	5	0	70	30	40
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	5	0	60	30	35
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	5	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	50	25	30	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,455,175	688,520	766,655	11,425	5,320	6,110
Afro-Asiatic languages	74,095	35,480	38,615	3,530	1,685	1,845
Berber languages	65	30	30	20	5	10
Kabyle	35	15	15	20	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	35	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	8,380	3,530	4,850	660	270	390
Bilen	40	15	20	0	0	0
Oromo	545	250	290	25	10	10
Somali	7,765	3,250	4,520	625	255	370
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	15	20	15	5	10
Semitic languages	65,465	31,830	33,635	2,855	1,410	1,445
Amharic	3,815	1,680	2,135	120	50	65
Arabic	45,020	22,145	22,875	2,655	1,320	1,335
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	6,790	3,255	3,535	10	5	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	1,095	535	560	0	0	0
Harari	520	235	285	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,395	2,265	2,135	10	10	5
Maltese	875	395	475	0	5	0
Tigrigna	2,480	1,085	1,395	60	25	35
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	480	225	250	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	185	90	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	33,450	15,260	18,190	275	125	150
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,655	725	935	25	10	15
Vietnamese	31,760	14,525	17,235	250	115	130
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	30	15	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	72,495	30,930	41,570	545	210	335
Bikol	85	35	45	0	5	0
Cebuano	1,875	810	1,065	30	10	20
Fijian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	780	335	445	15	5	5
Ilocano	3,455	1,480	1,970	45	20	20
Malagasy	10	5	5	5	5	0
Malay	1,455	705	750	20	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	405	180	225	0	0	5
Pangasinan	80	35	40	0	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	63,985	27,170	36,815	420	155	265
Waray-Waray	75	30	45	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	135	150	5	0	0
Creole languages	2,845	1,315	1,535	605	260	345
Haitian Creole	120	55	60	50	25	20
Creole, n.o.s.	1,950	900	1,050	550	235	315
Creole languages, n.i.e.	780	355	425	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	88,295	42,605	45,695	70	30	35
Kannada	830	415	410	5	0	0
Malayalam	6,400	3,260	3,140	20	15	5
Tamil	76,095	36,265	39,830	45	20	25
Telugu	4,870	2,615	2,255	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	95	40	50	5	0	5
Hmong-Mien languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	723,495	347,435	376,055	4,265	2,035	2,230
Albanian	6,385	3,195	3,190	15	10	5
Armenian	7,475	3,530	3,940	15	10	10
Balto-Slavic languages	135,230	63,280	71,950	755	360	395
Baltic languages	1,640	680	960	20	10	10
Latvian	600	245	355	10	0	0
Lithuanian	1,045	440	605	10	5	10
Slavic languages	133,590	62,600	70,995	740	350	385
Belarusan	125	60	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	1,330	645	690	15	5	10
Bulgarian	3,860	1,875	1,980	30	15	10
Croatian	5,940	2,845	3,095	20	10	5
Czech	1,415	685	730	20	5	10
Macedonian	4,970	2,355	2,615	5	0	0
Polish	33,325	15,550	17,775	215	100	115
Russian	53,675	24,950	28,720	265	125	140
Serbian	12,200	5,910	6,290	70	35	35
Serbo-Croatian	935	435	500	15	10	5
Slovak	2,290	1,115	1,175	20	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	890	385	500	0	0	5
Ukrainian	12,515	5,720	6,790	70	30	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	135	55	80	0	0	0
Celtic languages	65	35	30	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	25	15	10	5	0	0
Welsh	20	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5,315	2,430	2,885	150	65	90
Afrikaans	265	125	145	0	0	5
Danish	135	65	75	5	5	0
Dutch	655	300	350	25	10	15
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,590	1,625	1,965	115	45	70
Icelandic	20	5	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	45	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	220	100	120	10	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	350	175	175	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	16,940	7,905	9,035	35	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages	367,340	181,800	185,540	1,610	815	790
Indo-Aryan languages	292,940	145,580	147,360	940	480	460
Bengali	24,615	12,140	12,470	400	200	200
Gujarati	38,265	18,750	19,515	30	15	15
Hindi	23,995	11,925	12,065	70	40	30
Kashmiri	50	25	25	5	0	0
Konkani	440	215	230	5	0	5
Marathi	2,000	1,030	970	0	5	5
Nepali	3,085	1,560	1,525	70	40	30
Oriya (Odia)	270	135	140	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	116,045	58,355	57,690	125	65	60
Sindhi	2,485	1,140	1,350	10	5	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	3,580	1,750	1,825	25	15	10
Urdu	78,105	38,560	39,550	205	100	105
Iranian languages	73,635	35,825	37,805	665	335	330
Kurdish	1,470	795	675	50	25	25
Pashto	4,850	2,430	2,415	150	80	70
Persian (Farsi)	67,315	32,600	34,715	460	230	230
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	770	395	375	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	184,745	85,260	99,480	1,680	760	915
Catalan	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italian	51,815	22,250	29,560	85	40	50
Portuguese	50,210	24,070	26,135	495	230	260
Romanian	12,200	5,660	6,540	100	40	60
Spanish	70,370	33,205	37,165	995	455	540
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	65	30	35	0	0	0
Japanese	4,550	1,950	2,600	60	15	40
Kartvelian languages	745	405	335	0	0	0
Georgian	745	405	335	0	0	0
Korean	38,435	17,960	20,475	125	55	75
Mongolic languages	200	100	95	0	0	0
Mongolian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	8,925	3,985	4,945	420	175	240
Akan (Twi)	4,040	1,745	2,300	5	5	5
Bamanankan	15	10	10	5	0	5
Edo	295	115	175	0	0	5
Ewe	95	40	55	5	5	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	75	35	40	10	5	5
Ga	150	65	85	0	0	0
Ganda	155	70	85	0	0	0
Igbo	410	205	205	0	0	0
Lingala	95	40	55	25	10	20
Rundi (Kirundi)	125	60	65	110	55	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	115	50	65	90	30	55
Shona	235	115	125	0	0	0
Swahili	1,225	540	690	90	35	60
Wolof	80	45	35	15	0	10
Yoruba	1,080	520	560	5	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	735	330	405	45	20	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	90	45	45	5	5	5
Dinka	15	5	5	5	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	75	40	40	5	0	0
Sign languages	1,910	1,085	825	35	20	15
American Sign Language	720	375	345	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	5	0	5	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	1,190	710	480	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	385,150	180,140	205,005	1,265	580	680
Chinese languages	380,550	177,880	202,675	1,155	520	635
Cantonese	182,755	84,030	98,725	355	155	200
Hakka	2,725	1,240	1,490	5	0	0
Mandarin	179,665	85,535	94,135	655	290	365
Min Dong	240	105	135	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5,065	2,315	2,745	30	10	20
Wu (Shanghainese)	3,130	1,465	1,665	15	10	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	6,890	3,155	3,735	95	60	35
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	85	35	50	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	4,595	2,265	2,330	110	60	45
Burmese	575	260	310	15	5	10
Karenic languages	215	105	110	35	20	15
Tibetan	3,705	1,845	1,860	55	30	25
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	100	55	50	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	1,635	765	865	20	15	10
Lao	1,050	505	540	10	5	5
Thai	575	255	320	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	9,495	4,755	4,740	155	80	80
Azerbaijani	645	325	320	0	0	0
Turkish	8,155	4,070	4,090	145	70	75
Uyghur	225	120	105	0	0	0
Uzbek	315	165	145	15	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages	9,040	4,135	4,900	35	15	25
Estonian	650	240	410	0	0	0
Finnish	510	220	290	5	0	5
Hungarian	7,875	3,680	4,200	30	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	320	165	155	15	10	5
Multiple responses	561,765	270,615	291,155	8,065	3,785	4,280
English and French	13,015	5,965	7,055	2,535	1,210	1,330
English and non-official language	535,630	258,900	276,730	3,745	1,790	1,960
French and non-official language	2,390	1,055	1,340	970	405	565
English, French and non-official language	10,730	4,700	6,035	815	380	430
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	5,883,670	2,858,785	3,024,885	109,535	52,430	57,105
None	4,489,770	2,189,920	2,299,850	77,905	37,860	40,045
English	594,565	291,580	302,985	12,440	5,695	6,745
French	52,850	22,910	29,940	9,285	4,340	4,945
Non-official language	720,320	342,165	378,160	8,425	3,870	4,555
Aboriginal	480	205	275	150	55	95
Non-Aboriginal	719,840	341,955	377,885	8,275	3,810	4,460
English and French	4,015	1,855	2,165	490	240	255
English and non-official language	13,540	6,615	6,925	440	200	240
French and non-official language	8,355	3,630	4,730	540	220	315
English, French and non-official language	255	120	135	10	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	92,900	44,150	48,750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,631,950	2,227,300	2,404,650	89,220	42,385	46,840
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,705	36,559	28,070	33,896	36,798	31,684
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,632,745	2,227,500	2,405,245	89,240	42,380	46,860
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,242	33,167	26,233	30,859	33,068	29,124
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,084,930	2,011,885	2,073,045	76,845	36,955	39,890
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,705	38,299	28,006	35,011	38,915	31,597
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,323,485	1,463,175	1,860,305	66,035	29,845	36,190
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,205	1,016	3,814	5,666	3,256	6,994
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,454,585	1,751,255	1,703,330	61,455	30,670	30,785
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,838	39,549	30,701	32,467	34,311	30,542
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	92,895	44,150	48,750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,632,420	2,227,415	2,405,000	89,110	42,315	46,795
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,479	60,343	41,343	48,852	53,963	44,230
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,633,195	2,227,640	2,405,550	89,145	42,310	46,830
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,565	47,026	34,582	39,891	43,144	36,952
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,085,085	2,011,905	2,073,175	76,685	36,835	39,850
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,042	62,785	41,617	50,079	56,302	44,326
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,323,000	1,463,150	1,859,850	65,985	29,860	36,125
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,392	5,530	7,071	7,771	7,017	8,394
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,454,590	1,751,680	1,702,905	61,425	30,555	30,875
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,801	61,164	42,171	46,865	50,912	42,859
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	92,900	44,145	48,750
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	1,645,880	909,065	736,815	27,770	14,590	13,180
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	56,454	60,974	51,880	57,684	58,681	56,691
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	74,722	84,091	63,161	69,313	73,159	65,054
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	90.9	93.9	86.8	88.3	91.1	85.2
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	76.5	79.7	72.1	65.4	67.6	63.0
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	9.1	6.1	13.2	11.7	8.9	14.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,895	92,900	44,150	48,750
Without total income	247,145	117,900	129,245	3,685	1,770	1,910
With total income	4,631,950	2,227,295	2,404,655	89,220	42,380	46,835
Percentage with total income	94.9	95.0	94.9	96.0	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	816,625	368,835	447,795	12,970	6,400	6,570
$10,000 to $19,999	824,160	348,745	475,420	16,605	7,090	9,515
$20,000 to $29,999	589,070	254,985	334,085	11,375	4,935	6,435
$30,000 to $39,999	463,975	209,685	254,290	9,095	4,115	4,980
$40,000 to $49,999	407,495	189,100	218,390	8,005	3,660	4,345
$50,000 to $59,999	325,105	158,480	166,620	6,670	3,070	3,600
$60,000 to $69,999	258,085	134,225	123,855	5,340	2,545	2,795
$70,000 to $79,999	203,100	111,065	92,035	4,125	2,070	2,055
$80,000 to $89,999	161,920	90,560	71,355	3,490	1,785	1,710
$90,000 to $99,999	137,570	73,985	63,585	2,870	1,485	1,390
$100,000 and over	444,845	287,620	157,225	8,675	5,235	3,440
$100,000 to $149,999	272,905	168,210	104,700	5,850	3,385	2,465
$150,000 and over	171,935	119,415	52,525	2,830	1,845	975
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	92,900	44,150	48,750
Without after-tax income	246,350	117,700	128,650	3,660	1,770	1,895
With after-tax income	4,632,740	2,227,495	2,405,245	89,240	42,380	46,860
Percentage with after-tax income	95.0	95.0	94.9	96.1	96.0	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	830,700	373,605	457,095	13,415	6,505	6,910
$10,000 to $19,999	856,665	364,095	492,575	17,255	7,395	9,865
$20,000 to $29,999	673,015	294,190	378,830	12,965	5,730	7,235
$30,000 to $39,999	552,905	254,030	298,870	10,940	4,965	5,980
$40,000 to $49,999	472,370	226,445	245,925	9,395	4,280	5,120
$50,000 to $59,999	348,665	180,280	168,385	7,095	3,400	3,685
$60,000 to $69,999	256,270	141,835	114,435	5,280	2,665	2,610
$70,000 to $79,999	198,170	109,175	88,995	4,125	2,115	2,010
$80,000 and over	443,970	283,840	160,130	8,775	5,330	3,445
$80,000 to $89,999	132,515	76,100	56,410	3,025	1,680	1,345
$90,000 to $99,999	79,285	49,680	29,605	1,680	1,045	635
$100,000 and over	232,170	158,060	74,115	4,070	2,605	1,465
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	4,879,095	2,345,200	2,533,895	92,900	44,150	48,750
Without employment income	1,424,510	593,940	830,565	31,440	13,480	17,965
With employment income	3,454,590	1,751,260	1,703,330	61,455	30,675	30,785
Percentage with employment income	70.8	74.7	67.2	66.2	69.5	63.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	432,990	203,395	229,595	8,630	4,210	4,425
$5,000 to $9,999	286,225	129,320	156,910	5,325	2,490	2,830
$10,000 to $19,999	470,970	221,325	249,645	8,540	3,995	4,545
$20,000 to $29,999	371,235	170,795	200,440	6,750	3,315	3,435
$30,000 to $39,999	336,685	157,540	179,150	5,650	2,930	2,725
$40,000 to $49,999	310,550	147,370	163,180	4,985	2,440	2,550
$50,000 to $59,999	255,620	129,510	126,105	4,325	2,020	2,310
$60,000 to $69,999	206,215	110,510	95,705	3,550	1,705	1,845
$70,000 to $79,999	166,035	93,745	72,290	2,685	1,335	1,355
$80,000 and over	618,065	387,750	230,315	11,015	6,235	4,780
$80,000 to $89,999	136,480	78,255	58,230	2,655	1,315	1,345
$90,000 to $99,999	121,935	65,620	56,320	2,175	1,110	1,065
$100,000 and over	359,645	243,875	115,775	6,180	3,810	2,375
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	2,135,910	...	...	52,040	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,373	...	...	61,273	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,632	...	...	53,868	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	519,790	...	...	21,545	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,560	...	...	39,336	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,294	...	...	35,008	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,616,120	...	...	30,500	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,463	...	...	82,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,594	...	...	72,619	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	2,135,910	...	...	52,050	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	109,480	...	...	83,637	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	87,993	...	...	68,324	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	519,930	...	...	21,540	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	55,833	...	...	50,452	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,755	...	...	41,546	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,615,980	...	...	30,510	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	126,740	...	...	107,060	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,904	...	...	87,225	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	2,135,910	...	...	52,040	...	...
Under $5,000	47,170	...	...	1,280	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,275	...	...	1,370	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	50,900	...	...	2,495	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	75,725	...	...	2,880	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	73,110	...	...	2,335	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	74,910	...	...	2,345	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	76,830	...	...	2,240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	78,800	...	...	2,285	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	78,620	...	...	2,195	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	77,375	...	...	2,075	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	150,140	...	...	4,030	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	141,320	...	...	3,780	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	131,390	...	...	3,210	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	122,205	...	...	2,840	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	113,055	...	...	2,565	...	...
$100,000 and over	812,085	...	...	14,115	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,055	...	...	4,755	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	167,755	...	...	2,870	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	200,605	...	...	3,325	...	...
$200,000 and over	214,660	...	...	3,170	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	2,135,905	...	...	52,045	...	...
Under $5,000	49,905	...	...	1,335	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	32,655	...	...	1,380	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	51,760	...	...	2,515	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	78,605	...	...	2,990	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	80,190	...	...	2,610	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	82,520	...	...	2,595	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	87,360	...	...	2,655	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	92,550	...	...	2,750	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	95,185	...	...	2,680	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	93,510	...	...	2,625	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	179,885	...	...	4,730	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165,340	...	...	4,185	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	153,020	...	...	3,530	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	136,810	...	...	3,060	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	118,465	...	...	2,375	...	...
$100,000 and over	638,165	...	...	10,020	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	229,315	...	...	3,880	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	149,930	...	...	2,455	...	...
$150,000 and over	258,915	...	...	3,685	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	1,557,640	...	...	27,315	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,132	...	...	85,381	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,232	...	...	74,985	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	423,565	...	...	11,235	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,201	...	...	94,242	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,904	...	...	81,104	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	822,810	...	...	9,035	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	114,050	...	...	109,735	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,699	...	...	94,865	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	257,415	...	...	5,890	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,120	...	...	46,464	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,715	...	...	44,182	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	1,556,795	...	...	27,370	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	127,226	...	...	110,702	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	102,021	...	...	89,529	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	423,700	...	...	11,280	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	120,527	...	...	120,329	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	94,618	...	...	95,710	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	823,190	...	...	9,005	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	148,914	...	...	137,552	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,944	...	...	109,702	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	255,745	...	...	5,900	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,609	...	...	57,897	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,869	...	...	51,301	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	747,115	353,075	394,040	30,160	14,395	15,765
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	32,613	33,636	31,818	31,273	29,089	33,370
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	29,868	30,519	29,362	28,778	26,835	30,544
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	745,705	351,920	393,790	30,135	14,115	16,020
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	47,973	50,595	45,630	43,911	42,990	44,723
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	39,048	40,380	37,857	36,693	35,780	37,497
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	5,862,855	2,849,955	3,012,895	107,260	51,460	55,800
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,813,285	1,338,400	1,474,885	57,345	27,135	30,205
In the bottom decile	652,620	315,260	337,360	18,815	9,135	9,680
In the second decile	583,750	269,305	314,445	12,765	5,885	6,880
In the third decile	539,335	254,260	285,075	9,410	4,420	4,985
In the fourth decile	518,440	248,375	270,065	8,135	3,825	4,310
In the fifth decile	519,140	251,205	267,935	8,220	3,865	4,350
In the top half of the distribution	3,049,570	1,511,555	1,538,015	49,915	24,325	25,590
In the sixth decile	528,520	256,980	271,540	8,405	3,960	4,445
In the seventh decile	546,775	267,890	278,885	8,660	4,145	4,515
In the eighth decile	580,185	286,725	293,460	9,285	4,470	4,815
In the ninth decile	639,880	318,340	321,540	10,755	5,315	5,445
In the top decile	754,210	381,625	372,590	12,810	6,440	6,375
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	5,862,595	2,849,835	3,012,760	107,260	51,460	55,800
0 to 17 years	1,195,910	614,060	581,850	17,380	8,865	8,520
0 to 5 years	374,440	191,880	182,555	5,810	2,980	2,825
18 to 64 years	3,851,275	1,866,775	1,984,495	71,165	34,385	36,775
65 years and over	815,415	369,005	446,405	18,715	8,210	10,505
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	912,405	430,210	482,200	24,170	11,295	12,875
0 to 17 years	235,120	121,220	113,905	5,835	2,965	2,875
0 to 5 years	75,855	39,055	36,795	2,070	1,070	995
18 to 64 years	565,145	264,585	300,560	15,760	7,380	8,380
65 years and over	112,140	44,405	67,735	2,570	955	1,615
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.6	15.1	16.0	22.5	21.9	23.1
0 to 17 years (%)	19.7	19.7	19.6	33.6	33.4	33.7
0 to 5 years (%)	20.3	20.4	20.2	35.6	35.9	35.2
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.2	15.1	22.1	21.5	22.8
65 years and over (%)	13.8	12.0	15.2	13.7	11.6	15.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	749,935	359,355	390,585	21,995	10,625	11,370
0 to 17 years	178,525	91,985	86,540	4,635	2,375	2,255
0 to 5 years	58,105	29,855	28,245	1,635	855	785
18 to 64 years	499,350	239,960	259,390	15,435	7,535	7,905
65 years and over	72,065	27,410	44,660	1,925	720	1,210
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	12.8	12.6	13.0	20.5	20.6	20.4
0 to 17 years (%)	14.9	15.0	14.9	26.7	26.8	26.5
0 to 5 years (%)	15.5	15.6	15.5	28.1	28.7	27.8
18 to 64 years (%)	13.0	12.9	13.1	21.7	21.9	21.5
65 years and over (%)	8.8	7.4	10.0	10.3	8.8	11.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	107,245	51,445	55,800
Official languages	5,605,085	2,747,700	2,857,380	105,500	50,710	54,795
English	5,600,485	2,745,820	2,854,665	101,745	49,290	52,455
French	466,820	200,835	265,990	57,010	26,265	30,745
Non-official languages	3,115,825	1,485,485	1,630,340	34,675	16,105	18,575
Aboriginal languages	1,105	450	655	465	175	290
Algonquian languages	940	395	545	190	75	115
Blackfoot	10	0	0	10	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	190	90	95	70	20	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	50	30	20	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	10	15	35	10	25
Woods Cree	15	10	0	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	100	45	55	25	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	45	20	25	10	0	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	25	25	0	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	705	280	425	115	50	70
Algonquin	15	10	10	15	10	10
Ojibway	675	270	405	90	35	55
Oji-Cree	10	0	10	10	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	20	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	15	0	10	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	20	10	10	265	100	160
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	0	0	250	95	150
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	15	10	10
Iroquoian languages	60	20	40	15	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	45	15	35	15	0	10
Oneida	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	15	10	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	10	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	30	20	15	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,114,775	1,485,055	1,629,720	34,230	15,935	18,295
Afro-Asiatic languages	211,335	106,115	105,215	7,715	3,880	3,835
Berber languages	245	135	110	50	35	20
Kabyle	80	40	40	35	25	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	170	95	75	20	10	10
Cushitic languages	20,445	8,910	11,530	1,410	650	760
Bilen	85	50	35	0	0	0
Oromo	1,390	590	800	110	50	60
Somali	18,965	8,250	10,715	1,345	610	735
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	85	30	50	0	0	0
Semitic languages	191,925	97,710	94,215	6,380	3,275	3,115
Amharic	11,440	5,325	6,115	255	135	115
Arabic	125,970	65,090	60,880	5,945	3,050	2,895
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	12,500	6,090	6,410	10	10	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	2,220	1,110	1,105	0	0	0
Harari	1,250	635	620	0	0	0
Hebrew	38,385	19,590	18,795	150	90	55
Maltese	4,675	2,295	2,380	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5,960	2,790	3,180	115	55	55
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	1,135	555	580	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	720	335	390	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	67,000	30,750	36,245	640	270	370
Khmer (Cambodian)	4,340	1,900	2,445	70	15	55
Vietnamese	62,935	29,000	33,935	570	255	320
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	40	0	35	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	205,810	81,995	123,815	1,575	550	1,025
Bikol	580	260	325	0	0	0
Cebuano	7,350	2,960	4,395	45	20	30
Fijian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	2,545	1,015	1,530	60	30	35
Ilocano	12,740	5,000	7,740	85	35	50
Malagasy	90	45	45	30	25	0
Malay	7,305	3,360	3,945	90	40	55
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	1,600	735	875	0	0	0
Pangasinan	450	200	255	10	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	193,480	76,640	116,840	1,405	470	940
Waray-Waray	320	100	220	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	1,275	525	750	10	0	0
Creole languages	16,750	7,530	9,220	2,590	1,045	1,545
Haitian Creole	645	290	355	105	30	75
Creole, n.o.s.	9,125	4,110	5,015	2,395	970	1,425
Creole languages, n.i.e.	7,130	3,185	3,945	105	50	55
Dravidian languages	176,480	87,740	88,740	280	135	150
Kannada	4,470	2,245	2,215	20	15	10
Malayalam	17,255	8,785	8,475	75	40	35
Tamil	146,145	71,915	74,225	150	75	75
Telugu	13,615	7,460	6,150	40	10	25
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	440	225	210	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,768,825	861,040	907,780	16,015	7,695	8,320
Albanian	15,375	7,695	7,680	25	10	20
Armenian	15,225	7,275	7,950	130	75	50
Balto-Slavic languages	300,880	140,300	160,580	2,360	1,165	1,195
Baltic languages	6,340	2,595	3,745	50	25	25
Latvian	2,630	1,115	1,520	30	10	20
Lithuanian	3,710	1,480	2,230	15	15	0
Slavic languages	296,240	138,420	157,820	2,315	1,140	1,180
Belarusan	945	495	450	10	0	0
Bosnian	4,355	2,110	2,250	45	15	25
Bulgarian	8,055	3,940	4,120	80	40	40
Croatian	23,785	11,605	12,180	135	65	65
Czech	6,300	2,975	3,325	155	80	75
Macedonian	16,730	8,025	8,700	15	10	0
Polish	83,545	38,245	45,300	695	355	345
Russian	111,165	51,675	59,485	895	430	470
Serbian	27,390	13,560	13,830	250	115	135
Serbo-Croatian	2,865	1,390	1,475	40	30	10
Slovak	6,085	2,790	3,295	80	30	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	4,450	2,010	2,440	20	15	10
Ukrainian	38,030	17,050	20,980	225	100	130
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	630	360	265	10	0	10
Celtic languages	1,910	985	920	35	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	650	325	320	0	0	0
Welsh	235	115	125	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	1,025	550	475	30	20	10
Germanic languages	80,940	38,460	42,480	2,200	1,125	1,080
Afrikaans	4,255	2,095	2,160	40	25	15
Danish	2,125	965	1,165	80	35	35
Dutch	11,655	5,440	6,215	305	145	155
Frisian	195	75	115	0	0	0
German	55,040	26,285	28,755	1,680	845	835
Icelandic	130	55	75	10	10	10
Norwegian	960	460	500	35	15	15
Swedish	2,570	1,165	1,410	60	25	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	265	110	150	15	10	10
Yiddish	6,510	3,200	3,305	60	40	25
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	105	50	55	15	10	10
Greek	60,400	29,665	30,735	190	100	90
Indo-Iranian languages	765,115	386,165	378,955	3,510	1,825	1,680
Indo-Aryan languages	639,795	323,555	316,245	2,345	1,230	1,115
Bengali	48,410	24,580	23,830	790	415	370
Gujarati	87,570	43,795	43,770	130	60	65
Hindi	207,780	105,570	102,210	665	370	300
Kashmiri	475	240	235	0	0	0
Konkani	4,995	2,265	2,730	10	0	0
Marathi	8,630	4,460	4,170	10	0	10
Nepali	6,385	3,155	3,235	225	115	110
Oriya (Odia)	930	445	480	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	243,875	125,225	118,655	295	150	145
Sindhi	9,685	4,545	5,135	60	20	40
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15,135	7,605	7,525	45	25	20
Urdu	194,390	98,385	96,005	660	320	335
Iranian languages	130,695	65,170	65,520	1,195	615	580
Kurdish	3,845	2,175	1,670	70	30	35
Pashto	11,400	6,040	5,365	220	115	100
Persian (Farsi)	119,790	59,470	60,320	1,025	525	505
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	3,515	1,895	1,620	35	25	10
Italic (Romance) languages	567,300	268,895	298,410	8,425	3,810	4,610
Catalan	315	165	150	20	15	10
Italian	220,425	105,435	114,985	1,290	620	670
Portuguese	134,220	64,585	69,640	1,355	680	675
Romanian	29,765	13,805	15,965	320	120	195
Spanish	206,090	95,990	110,100	6,180	2,695	3,485
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	655	320	340	10	10	0
Japanese	17,460	7,535	9,920	360	165	195
Kartvelian languages	1,465	740	725	20	10	10
Georgian	1,465	740	725	20	15	10
Korean	62,350	29,150	33,205	365	140	225
Mongolic languages	445	190	255	0	0	0
Mongolian	445	190	255	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	47,720	22,705	25,015	2,405	1,090	1,310
Akan (Twi)	13,715	6,345	7,365	45	30	15
Bamanankan	200	110	90	40	15	20
Edo	1,890	825	1,070	15	0	10
Ewe	520	270	250	30	15	20
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	485	245	240	25	10	15
Ga	1,005	490	515	20	10	10
Ganda	865	410	455	50	15	35
Igbo	2,925	1,445	1,475	30	20	10
Lingala	2,080	895	1,185	515	225	290
Rundi (Kirundi)	535	255	285	410	205	200
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	695	295	400	275	115	160
Shona	1,175	515	655	20	15	10
Swahili	10,350	5,110	5,240	730	305	425
Wolof	415	185	230	50	20	30
Yoruba	7,935	3,980	3,960	90	50	45
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	6,340	2,935	3,405	570	270	300
Nilo-Saharan languages	500	285	215	95	25	65
Dinka	85	65	25	35	10	30
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	220	195	55	25	40
Sign languages	5,980	2,555	3,425	210	105	105
American Sign Language	3,505	1,325	2,175	95	35	65
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	15	15	10	15
Sign languages, n.i.e.	2,575	1,280	1,295	105	70	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	581,165	272,700	308,470	2,740	1,260	1,485
Chinese languages	574,095	269,220	304,875	2,625	1,180	1,440
Cantonese	306,700	142,590	164,115	925	420	500
Hakka	7,185	3,150	4,035	20	15	10
Mandarin	313,605	145,835	167,765	1,740	760	980
Min Dong	710	285	425	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	13,985	6,265	7,715	120	60	60
Wu (Shanghainese)	6,885	3,200	3,685	40	25	20
Chinese, n.o.s.	11,470	5,200	6,270	140	70	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	135	75	60	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	7,455	3,695	3,770	120	70	45
Burmese	1,325	600	720	30	15	15
Karenic languages	245	115	135	65	40	25
Tibetan	5,465	2,725	2,740	35	25	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	500	290	210	15	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5,070	2,155	2,915	65	45	25
Lao	2,895	1,370	1,525	20	15	10
Thai	2,450	915	1,535	55	30	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Turkic languages	24,680	12,835	11,845	400	190	210
Azerbaijani	2,645	1,345	1,300	10	0	0
Turkish	20,745	10,830	9,915	325	145	180
Uyghur	490	225	265	10	0	0
Uzbek	815	440	375	25	10	15
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	560	270	290	45	25	20
Uralic languages	27,660	12,555	15,095	290	100	195
Estonian	2,995	1,295	1,705	10	10	0
Finnish	2,835	1,215	1,615	50	15	35
Hungarian	21,890	10,070	11,830	245	80	160
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	2,300	1,195	1,105	60	40	25
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	107,245	51,445	55,800
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	5,134,440	2,503,870	2,630,575	97,755	47,015	50,740
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,102,940	565,995	536,940	15,620	7,985	7,635
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,031,505	1,937,875	2,093,635	82,130	39,030	43,100
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	728,410	346,120	382,285	9,495	4,435	5,065
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	107,245	51,445	55,800
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	3,020,405	1,511,930	1,508,475	78,160	37,965	40,195
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	2,705,550	1,269,995	1,435,560	26,655	12,305	14,350
Before 1981	611,635	284,800	326,830	6,030	2,785	3,240
1981 to 1990	370,195	177,010	193,190	3,640	1,705	1,930
1991 to 2000	638,770	298,245	340,520	5,430	2,415	3,015
2001 to 2010	728,025	341,100	386,925	6,685	3,050	3,630
2001 to 2005	379,400	178,780	200,620	2,800	1,275	1,520
2006 to 2010	348,620	162,320	186,305	3,885	1,775	2,110
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	356,930	168,835	188,095	4,875	2,345	2,525
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	136,895	68,065	68,830	2,430	1,175	1,260
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	26,655	12,305	14,345
Under 5 years	225,470	112,150	113,325	2,735	1,290	1,445
5 to 14 years	449,875	226,440	223,440	4,840	2,460	2,385
15 to 24 years	588,860	261,700	327,155	5,555	2,570	2,985
25 to 44 years	1,154,390	541,415	612,980	11,150	4,930	6,215
45 years and over	286,960	128,295	158,665	2,375	1,055	1,315
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	2,705,550	1,269,990	1,435,560	26,655	12,305	14,345
Americas	409,865	181,700	228,165	5,640	2,390	3,250
Brazil	10,625	4,950	5,675	80	30	50
Colombia	17,150	7,850	9,295	165	60	105
El Salvador	11,110	5,535	5,580	255	115	145
Guyana	69,025	30,505	38,515	150	80	65
Haiti	2,590	1,225	1,370	1,970	775	1,195
Jamaica	99,660	41,700	57,960	410	180	235
Mexico	11,395	5,070	6,320	185	60	120
Peru	8,095	3,600	4,500	145	70	75
Trinidad and Tobago	43,135	19,035	24,095	150	50	105
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	46,695	21,755	24,940	1,090	500	595
Other places of birth in Americas	90,390	40,480	49,915	1,035	475	565
Europe	617,555	291,735	325,815	5,920	2,825	3,090
Bosnia and Herzegovina	9,630	4,760	4,875	120	60	65
Croatia	12,010	5,760	6,250	60	35	25
France	6,890	3,220	3,670	520	245	280
Germany	22,970	10,725	12,240	455	205	250
Greece	27,885	13,595	14,290	75	35	40
Hungary	11,925	5,380	6,540	100	40	60
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	8,115	3,955	4,160	80	40	40
Italy	103,620	50,525	53,090	220	130	90
Netherlands	7,620	3,700	3,915	140	75	65
Poland	57,450	25,810	31,640	405	195	215
Portugal	71,045	34,235	36,810	550	280	270
Romania	25,515	11,630	13,890	265	100	160
Russian Federation	34,385	14,875	19,510	275	110	160
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	13,080	6,355	6,725	110	55	55
Ukraine	32,110	14,690	17,420	180	80	100
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	99,165	47,375	51,790	1,590	805	785
Other places of birth in Europe	74,130	35,130	38,995	760	330	430
Africa	152,755	73,585	79,165	5,130	2,385	2,745
Algeria	1,240	650	595	160	80	75
Egypt	24,820	12,865	11,950	285	135	155
Ethiopia	10,865	4,965	5,900	305	145	160
Kenya	11,305	5,165	6,140	125	70	50
Morocco	3,480	1,700	1,780	260	125	135
Nigeria	16,400	8,135	8,260	150	75	70
Somalia	10,850	4,350	6,500	545	205	340
South Africa, Republic of	13,040	6,345	6,690	90	50	40
Other places of birth in Africa	60,760	29,410	31,355	3,215	1,505	1,715
Asia	1,518,125	719,445	798,680	9,830	4,635	5,195
Afghanistan	25,420	12,730	12,690	340	165	175
Bangladesh	32,385	16,330	16,055	575	310	260
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	266,840	121,555	145,290	985	370	620
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	100,060	46,985	53,080	270	115	145
India	307,275	153,190	154,085	665	355	310
IranCensus data footnote 61	74,530	37,130	37,395	475	225	255
Iraq	29,230	14,640	14,595	595	330	265
Japan	5,880	1,905	3,975	80	0	75
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	45,700	21,285	24,420	175	70	110
Lebanon	13,610	7,315	6,295	1,555	795	760
Pakistan	119,085	60,120	58,960	300	150	155
Philippines	192,265	78,690	113,570	1,365	460	910
Sri Lanka	101,550	49,580	51,965	85	45	40
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	10,830	5,430	5,400	550	315	235
Taiwan	14,980	6,510	8,465	95	40	55
Viet Nam	59,365	26,830	32,540	385	160	220
Other places of birth in Asia	119,120	59,225	59,900	1,325	725	600
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	7,260	3,525	3,730	135	65	65
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	356,930	168,835	188,095	4,875	2,350	2,530
Americas	40,810	19,490	21,320	920	420	500
Brazil	2,595	1,225	1,370	10	0	0
Colombia	2,610	1,220	1,385	30	10	20
Cuba	1,200	535	660	15	0	10
Haiti	865	415	450	515	235	275
Jamaica	7,300	3,825	3,475	35	20	15
Mexico	3,045	1,450	1,590	30	10	15
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,075	4,090	3,990	180	90	90
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	1,880	875	1,005	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	13,250	5,845	7,395	100	40	65
Europe	31,805	15,585	16,225	260	120	135
France	1,400	675	725	60	30	30
Germany	915	490	420	30	20	0
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,490	935	560	15	0	0
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	775	365	415	0	0	0
Romania	1,490	590	900	10	0	0
Russian Federation	3,935	1,430	2,505	25	0	20
Ukraine	3,655	1,690	1,960	15	0	10
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	3,990	2,385	1,605	35	15	20
Other places of birth in Europe	14,150	7,020	7,135	65	35	35
Africa	24,760	12,150	12,615	1,310	615	695
Algeria	205	95	115	15	10	10
Cameroon	805	355	450	70	35	40
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	565	250	315	330	130	200
Côte d'Ivoire	290	135	150	55	20	35
Egypt	5,975	3,105	2,870	90	55	40
Eritrea	1,065	520	540	0	0	0
Ethiopia	1,665	755	915	95	40	55
Morocco	365	145	220	55	30	30
Nigeria	4,805	2,340	2,460	55	20	30
Somalia	1,155	555	600	40	20	20
South Africa, Republic of	810	440	370	10	0	0
Tunisia	125	90	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	6,950	3,375	3,575	505	260	245
Asia	258,265	120,865	137,405	2,380	1,185	1,195
Afghanistan	4,615	2,315	2,300	100	60	45
Bangladesh	6,870	3,400	3,465	145	70	75
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	49,815	22,155	27,660	205	80	125
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	1,815	730	1,085	10	0	10
India	58,820	29,560	29,260	155	105	50
IranCensus data footnote 61	18,635	9,020	9,620	100	30	65
Iraq	8,270	4,125	4,150	225	130	95
Israel	1,665	880	785	10	10	0
Japan	965	265	700	35	0	25
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	4,885	2,215	2,665	35	15	15
Lebanon	1,440	780	660	155	80	75
Nepal	2,430	1,245	1,190	20	10	10
Pakistan	21,750	10,650	11,100	30	20	15
Philippines	43,590	17,995	25,595	460	170	290
Saudi Arabia	2,135	1,085	1,045	30	20	0
Sri Lanka	7,395	3,220	4,175	10	0	0
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	5,505	2,855	2,650	455	255	195
Taiwan	760	300	460	0	0	0
Turkey	2,055	1,145	910	25	15	15
United Arab Emirates	3,375	1,695	1,680	30	25	0
Viet Nam	2,690	1,060	1,625	15	15	10
Other places of birth in Asia	8,780	4,155	4,625	135	70	65
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	1,285	755	535	0	10	0
Australia	1,005	615	390	0	0	0
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	285	140	150	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,865	107,245	51,450	55,800
First generationCensus data footnote 69	2,874,265	1,354,410	1,519,860	30,335	14,145	16,195
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	1,676,530	844,955	831,575	20,230	10,240	9,995
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	1,312,060	650,630	661,430	56,675	27,060	29,610
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	2,129,485	1,002,290	1,127,200	20,990	9,675	11,315
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	1,063,255	525,765	537,490	8,230	4,015	4,215
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	424,005	261,635	162,370	3,690	1,920	1,770
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	639,250	264,130	375,115	4,545	2,095	2,450
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	717,295	293,165	424,130	5,900	2,465	3,435
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	319,285	169,830	149,460	6,520	3,055	3,470
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	29,655	13,530	16,120	335	145	195
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,860	107,245	51,445	55,800
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	46,320	21,815	24,505	4,035	1,830	2,205
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	43,735	20,505	23,230	3,845	1,740	2,105
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	27,800	12,935	14,875	2,035	910	1,125
Métis	15,240	7,245	7,995	1,420	660	760
Inuk (Inuit)	690	320	365	395	170	225
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,130	530	595	115	65	55
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	1,455	780	670	75	30	50
Non-Aboriginal identity	5,816,540	2,828,180	2,988,360	103,210	49,615	53,595
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	107,240	51,445	55,795
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	14,865	6,865	8,005	1,120	435	685
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,847,985	2,843,125	3,004,860	106,125	51,015	55,115
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	107,245	51,445	55,800
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	7,435	3,410	4,020	1,100	445	655
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	7,255	3,325	3,930	1,090	445	645
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	5,765	2,610	3,155	735	290	445
Métis single ancestry	1,375	665	715	110	45	65
Inuit single ancestry	120	55	65	245	105	135
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	175	85	90	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	125	65	60	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	25	10	10	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,540	31,435	35,105	5,660	2,505	3,155
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	64,835	30,640	34,190	5,520	2,465	3,060
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	49,115	23,300	25,815	4,075	1,845	2,230
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	14,790	6,905	7,890	1,255	540	715
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	930	435	490	185	80	110
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	1,710	795	910	135	40	95
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,445	655	785	115	40	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	80	85	15	10	10
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	90	50	45	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	5,788,885	2,815,145	2,973,735	100,485	48,490	51,990
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	5,862,855	2,849,990	3,012,860	107,245	51,445	55,800
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	3,011,905	1,449,235	1,562,675	30,360	14,470	15,895
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	973,225	490,875	482,350	3,335	1,750	1,590
Chinese	631,050	300,215	330,830	2,910	1,355	1,555
Black	442,020	204,665	237,350	12,125	5,675	6,450
Filipino	254,475	108,655	145,825	1,700	615	1,090
Latin American	132,945	63,735	69,210	1,690	780	910
Arab	105,610	54,840	50,770	4,645	2,445	2,200
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	83,535	39,210	44,335	970	440	530
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	123,760	61,875	61,885	1,030	545	485
Korean	69,670	33,180	36,485	340	135	210
Japanese	20,655	8,970	11,685	270	105	170
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	77,780	36,315	41,465	330	130	200
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	97,190	46,700	50,490	1,015	505	510
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	2,850,950	1,400,760	1,450,190	76,885	36,980	39,905
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	5,862,855	2,849,995	3,012,865	107,245	51,445	55,800
North American Aboriginal origins	73,975	34,840	39,130	6,760	2,950	3,805
First Nations (North American Indian)	56,655	26,735	29,915	4,950	2,180	2,775
Inuit	1,360	645	710	460	195	265
Métis	17,860	8,350	9,505	1,500	630	870
Other North American origins	786,975	390,020	396,955	34,705	16,615	18,085
Acadian	4,215	2,085	2,125	515	260	255
American	49,455	23,985	25,470	1,415	715	710
Canadian	746,965	370,515	376,445	33,340	15,930	17,410
New Brunswicker	85	55	35	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	3,280	1,675	1,605	80	65	20
Nova Scotian	645	295	355	20	10	20
Ontarian	645	370	275	45	0	40
Québécois	1,570	780	785	150	75	75
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	245	130	115	0	0	0
European origins	2,760,845	1,345,375	1,415,470	62,880	30,220	32,665
British Isles origins	1,287,260	629,030	658,230	36,960	17,890	19,070
Channel Islander	445	235	210	10	0	0
Cornish	205	105	95	0	0	0
English	732,555	358,040	374,515	18,300	9,015	9,280
Irish	544,380	260,305	284,070	18,480	8,725	9,755
Manx	815	475	345	15	10	10
Scottish	543,760	263,155	280,605	15,310	7,285	8,025
Welsh	56,210	26,940	29,275	1,510	700	810
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	107,900	51,560	56,340	3,135	1,545	1,585
French origins	248,150	117,595	130,555	25,965	12,115	13,850
Alsatian	355	140	215	10	10	0
Breton	60	35	20	15	15	10
Corsican	60	30	30	10	0	0
French	247,790	117,430	130,360	25,955	12,105	13,850
Western European origins (except French origins)	396,070	192,485	203,585	11,265	5,445	5,825
Austrian	30,375	14,775	15,600	625	305	320
Bavarian	155	65	85	45	15	25
Belgian	9,770	4,540	5,230	605	310	300
Dutch	98,890	47,530	51,360	2,400	1,220	1,185
Flemish	910	430	475	35	20	20
Frisian	400	230	165	0	0	0
German	271,815	132,610	139,205	7,870	3,750	4,120
Luxembourger	305	145	155	40	10	30
Swiss	14,705	7,290	7,415	540	285	255
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	530	260	275	15	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	69,205	33,340	35,865	2,395	1,230	1,155
Danish	15,455	7,630	7,825	590	300	290
Finnish	16,385	7,650	8,735	345	170	175
Icelandic	3,985	2,005	1,985	155	60	95
Norwegian	16,390	8,040	8,345	665	330	335
Swedish	18,590	8,565	10,020	640	340	295
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	3,515	1,665	1,845	120	75	50
Eastern European origins	596,425	284,470	311,955	7,850	3,705	4,145
Bulgarian	11,220	5,545	5,675	105	50	55
Byelorussian	8,240	4,040	4,205	65	35	30
Czech	16,630	8,030	8,600	310	140	170
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	4,755	2,275	2,480	40	20	20
Estonian	7,655	3,580	4,075	80	30	50
Hungarian	59,720	29,025	30,690	815	310	500
Latvian	9,660	4,505	5,155	115	50	70
Lithuanian	19,520	9,380	10,140	275	150	130
Moldovan	3,020	1,545	1,475	10	10	0
Polish	237,245	113,300	123,940	2,875	1,405	1,470
Romanian	50,515	24,070	26,445	675	310	370
Russian	139,910	65,150	74,760	1,360	625	735
Slovak	14,580	7,040	7,540	200	90	105
Ukrainian	144,330	69,230	75,105	2,300	1,130	1,175
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	7,290	3,405	3,885	120	55	70
Southern European origins	988,415	488,295	500,120	7,810	3,835	3,980
Albanian	17,685	8,940	8,745	55	35	20
Bosnian	6,485	3,150	3,335	95	65	35
Catalan	160	105	60	10	0	10
Croatian	37,460	18,715	18,745	225	95	130
Cypriot	2,620	1,295	1,325	45	10	35
Greek	99,145	49,730	49,410	595	280	320
Italian	484,365	241,940	242,420	3,445	1,800	1,650
Kosovar	485	255	225	0	0	0
Macedonian	28,315	14,150	14,165	70	25	45
Maltese	19,440	9,580	9,860	25	20	10
Montenegrin	1,465	700	770	10	10	0
Portuguese	210,425	102,945	107,480	1,545	725	820
Serbian	33,055	16,630	16,425	300	155	140
Sicilian	1,575	790	780	20	10	15
Slovenian	13,135	6,605	6,530	95	50	45
Spanish	106,690	49,790	56,895	1,745	815	925
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	6,775	3,280	3,495	65	25	40
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	510	210	300	15	0	0
Other European origins	72,270	36,185	36,085	930	475	455
Basque	815	400	415	25	15	10
Jewish	59,195	29,745	29,450	580	300	275
Roma (Gypsy)	1,220	575	645	10	10	10
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	980	525	455	25	10	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	10,520	5,160	5,360	290	140	155
Caribbean origins	346,530	157,300	189,230	4,930	2,175	2,760
Antiguan	2,430	1,075	1,355	0	0	0
Bahamian	1,255	635	615	20	15	0
Barbadian	18,395	8,370	10,030	180	75	105
Bermudan	1,000	470	540	15	15	0
Carib	1,795	640	1,150	10	0	0
Cuban	9,290	4,200	5,090	210	90	120
Dominican	6,365	3,035	3,335	115	50	70
Grenadian	12,380	5,330	7,050	40	25	15
Guadeloupean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Haitian	5,150	2,425	2,715	2,705	1,190	1,515
Jamaican	200,330	91,035	109,295	1,040	505	535
Kittitian/Nevisian	1,855	875	985	10	10	0
Martinican	160	50	105	15	10	10
Montserratan	440	210	230	0	10	0
Puerto Rican	750	400	360	10	0	0
St. Lucian	5,405	2,355	3,045	160	55	100
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	44,300	20,370	23,925	275	110	165
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10,290	4,345	5,950	75	10	60
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	46,300	20,555	25,740	205	80	130
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	13,305	5,940	7,365	185	80	105
Latin, Central and South American origins	213,985	100,945	113,030	2,650	1,275	1,375
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	7,115	3,305	3,810	100	50	45
Arawak	710	315	395	20	10	15
Argentinian	8,415	4,075	4,335	85	55	30
Belizean	355	170	185	10	0	10
Bolivian	1,325	660	665	25	25	0
Brazilian	13,065	6,295	6,780	155	90	65
Chilean	10,435	5,010	5,425	105	55	50
Colombian	24,875	11,890	12,985	230	115	115
Costa Rican	1,770	905	865	30	10	20
Ecuadorian	17,930	8,495	9,440	30	20	10
Guatemalan	5,915	2,850	3,065	75	40	35
Guyanese	57,985	26,585	31,405	210	125	85
Hispanic	3,655	1,780	1,875	75	50	30
Honduran	1,750	810	940	85	20	65
Maya	1,135	555	575	75	40	30
Mexican	19,785	9,185	10,600	425	180	245
Nicaraguan	3,655	1,765	1,890	145	70	75
Panamanian	1,805	775	1,030	25	25	0
Paraguayan	305	140	160	15	10	0
Peruvian	10,665	4,935	5,725	200	80	115
Salvadorean	15,130	7,480	7,650	390	170	225
Uruguayan	3,450	1,770	1,680	25	10	20
Venezuelan	8,260	3,780	4,480	135	60	80
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	9,255	4,505	4,745	200	85	120
African origins	266,640	130,030	136,610	9,545	4,655	4,890
Central and West African origins	58,830	29,030	29,800	2,740	1,380	1,365
Akan	700	395	305	10	10	0
Angolan	1,030	490	535	40	25	20
Ashanti	1,070	545	525	0	10	0
Beninese	370	190	180	40	30	10
Burkinabe	100	45	55	60	20	40
Cameroonian	2,535	1,250	1,285	290	155	140
Chadian	185	95	90	55	25	25
Congolese	3,985	1,895	2,085	1,180	565	615
Edo	935	490	445	10	10	0
Ewe	160	90	70	10	0	0
Gabonese	45	10	35	25	20	0
Gambian	545	255	295	0	0	0
Ghanaian	20,465	9,735	10,730	130	85	45
Guinean	680	335	340	90	35	50
Ibo	1,495	775	720	15	0	10
Ivorian	615	285	330	200	55	140
Liberian	335	140	200	25	20	10
Malian	260	140	125	35	0	30
Malinké	220	105	120	10	0	10
Nigerian	19,330	9,790	9,545	290	190	95
Peulh	60	40	20	10	0	0
Senegalese	535	280	255	95	35	60
Sierra Leonean	815	400	415	20	10	0
Togolese	315	205	105	50	20	30
Wolof	45	25	25	0	0	0
Yoruba	2,925	1,545	1,375	50	20	30
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	2,895	1,415	1,480	260	155	110
North African origins	53,740	27,655	26,090	1,330	630	700
Algerian	1,700	835	870	175	105	70
Berber	680	365	315	145	80	70
Coptic	1,815	935	885	0	0	10
Dinka	35	25	10	0	0	0
Egyptian	36,340	18,715	17,625	335	170	165
Libyan	1,275	685	600	45	25	20
Maure	235	130	105	20	10	15
Moroccan	8,595	4,440	4,160	360	145	210
Sudanese	3,735	1,825	1,915	275	115	160
Tunisian	1,085	580	505	30	15	15
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	840	450	390	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins	80,285	38,330	41,955	3,910	1,905	2,005
Afrikaner	340	175	170	0	0	0
Amhara	500	240	260	40	20	20
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	305	170	135	140	60	85
Burundian	710	385	325	465	220	240
Djiboutian	205	95	115	135	50	85
Eritrean	7,625	3,685	3,940	120	55	65
Ethiopian	15,990	7,670	8,325	500	215	285
Harari	460	250	210	0	0	0
Kenyan	3,960	1,830	2,130	95	35	60
Malagasy	180	75	100	60	30	30
Mauritian	2,820	1,465	1,355	20	10	15
Oromo	830	370	460	35	20	10
Rwandan	1,105	490	620	410	195	215
Seychellois	165	65	95	10	0	10
Somali	25,550	11,820	13,740	1,455	725	735
South African	11,950	6,010	5,940	130	95	30
Tanzanian	1,850	925	920	50	20	30
Tigrian	410	210	200	10	0	0
Ugandan	2,010	980	1,030	60	30	30
Zambian	385	195	190	30	10	20
Zimbabwean	1,760	815	945	95	50	45
Zulu	205	100	110	20	15	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	5,470	2,415	3,055	255	130	125
Other African origins	77,575	36,805	40,775	1,800	875	920
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	10,975	4,750	6,220	310	140	165
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	67,415	32,440	34,975	1,535	765	765
Asian origins	2,437,365	1,181,245	1,256,120	18,080	8,875	9,205
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	330,340	167,015	163,330	7,785	4,050	3,730
Afghan	41,735	20,950	20,780	525	275	250
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	23,205	12,005	11,195	1,020	555	460
Armenian	21,710	10,545	11,165	265	150	115
Assyrian	7,705	3,955	3,745	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	3,340	1,620	1,720	10	0	10
Georgian	2,390	1,220	1,165	55	25	25
Hazara	515	280	235	0	0	0
Iranian	97,110	48,770	48,345	825	415	410
Iraqi	29,045	14,570	14,480	780	405	375
Israeli	14,490	7,510	6,975	65	45	20
Jordanian	5,325	2,865	2,460	95	75	15
Kazakh	975	445	530	0	0	0
Kurd	4,355	2,330	2,025	100	45	50
Kuwaiti	375	215	160	90	45	45
Kyrgyz	245	85	160	0	0	0
Lebanese	29,750	15,125	14,625	3,045	1,505	1,540
Palestinian	15,555	8,380	7,170	230	125	105
Pashtun	2,145	1,180	965	25	10	15
Saudi Arabian	1,655	865	785	60	25	30
Syrian	16,150	7,855	8,300	530	285	245
Tajik	1,425	670	755	45	25	20
Tatar	1,785	760	1,025	10	10	10
Turk	23,085	11,685	11,405	410	215	195
Turkmen	405	205	200	45	30	15
Uighur	545	255	290	0	0	10
Uzbek	1,745	870	880	25	10	10
Yemeni	2,530	1,205	1,325	115	60	55
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	10,180	5,245	4,930	120	80	40
South Asian origins	995,125	499,465	495,660	3,685	1,925	1,760
Bangladeshi	23,400	11,960	11,435	585	315	265
Bengali	12,515	6,390	6,125	220	115	105
Bhutanese	150	80	65	55	25	35
East Indian	643,370	322,810	320,555	2,240	1,185	1,050
Goan	4,040	1,880	2,160	0	0	0
Gujarati	4,980	2,575	2,400	10	0	0
Kashmiri	1,345	690	650	20	0	10
Nepali	5,395	2,645	2,745	175	90	90
Pakistani	122,950	62,455	60,490	430	210	215
Punjabi	47,760	24,560	23,205	40	10	25
Sinhalese	4,030	1,970	2,055	25	15	10
Sri Lankan	114,400	55,790	58,615	130	70	65
Tamil	40,115	20,345	19,775	20	15	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	49,895	25,275	24,620	125	65	65
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,134,050	525,470	608,580	6,890	3,025	3,865
Burmese	2,165	970	1,195	15	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	6,430	2,970	3,460	135	35	105
Chinese	700,705	332,650	368,055	3,450	1,645	1,805
Filipino	274,670	118,265	156,405	1,850	705	1,150
Hmong	55	25	30	0	0	0
Indonesian	6,120	2,825	3,290	90	35	60
Japanese	28,045	12,350	15,695	345	120	230
Karen	265	115	145	75	45	30
Korean	73,385	34,950	38,445	395	160	230
Laotian	4,205	2,080	2,125	35	15	15
Malaysian	5,625	2,660	2,960	30	25	0
Mongolian	1,940	885	1,060	40	30	10
Singaporean	1,070	480	590	10	10	0
Taiwanese	7,975	3,625	4,350	100	40	60
Thai	3,390	1,275	2,115	45	30	15
Tibetan	6,015	3,015	3,000	45	25	20
Vietnamese	73,740	34,880	38,865	720	335	380
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	3,400	1,675	1,725	15	0	10
Other Asian origins	10,705	5,285	5,420	50	20	30
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	10,710	5,285	5,420	50	20	30
Oceania origins	9,705	4,915	4,785	205	90	115
Australian	5,925	3,095	2,830	130	50	75
New Zealander	1,945	1,030	915	50	30	15
Pacific Islands origins	2,045	935	1,110	30	10	20
Fijian	1,185	495	690	0	0	10
Hawaiian	225	115	115	0	0	0
Maori	200	105	90	10	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	115	45	70	15	0	10
Samoan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	340	160	180	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	2,135,910	...	...	52,050	...	...
Owner	1,420,360	...	...	22,710	...	...
Renter	715,540	...	...	29,340	...	...
Band housing	10	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	2,135,910	...	...	52,050	...	...
Condominium	445,650	...	...	12,865	...	...
Not condominium	1,690,260	...	...	39,185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	2,135,910	...	...	52,050	...	...
No bedrooms	24,165	...	...	615	...	...
1 bedroom	384,275	...	...	13,530	...	...
2 bedrooms	452,930	...	...	15,945	...	...
3 bedrooms	627,365	...	...	14,290	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	647,170	...	...	7,670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	2,135,905	...	...	52,050	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	751,950	...	...	23,170	...	...
5 rooms	290,215	...	...	8,400	...	...
6 rooms	278,975	...	...	6,745	...	...
7 rooms	249,710	...	...	5,085	...	...
8 or more rooms	565,055	...	...	8,650	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	5.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	2,135,910	...	...	52,050	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,042,675	...	...	51,200	...	...
More than 1 person per room	93,235	...	...	845	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	2,135,905	...	...	52,050	...	...
Suitable	1,930,485	...	...	49,000	...	...
Not suitable	205,420	...	...	3,045	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	2,135,910	...	...	52,050	...	...
1960 or before	437,615	...	...	14,760	...	...
1961 to 1980	566,970	...	...	20,430	...	...
1981 to 1990	300,455	...	...	6,385	...	...
1991 to 2000	268,320	...	...	4,595	...	...
2001 to 2005	198,705	...	...	2,155	...	...
2006 to 2010	185,715	...	...	1,905	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	178,125	...	...	1,820	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	2,135,910	...	...	52,045	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,019,695	...	...	47,550	...	...
Major repairs needed	116,215	...	...	4,505	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	2,135,910	...	...	52,050	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,205,800	...	...	34,575	...	...
2 household maintainers	841,650	...	...	16,045	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	88,460	...	...	1,430	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	2,135,905	...	...	52,045	...	...
15 to 24 years	48,555	...	...	3,580	...	...
25 to 34 years	296,125	...	...	8,595	...	...
35 to 44 years	406,810	...	...	7,845	...	...
45 to 54 years	497,290	...	...	9,565	...	...
55 to 64 years	414,985	...	...	9,435	...	...
65 to 74 years	264,505	...	...	7,445	...	...
75 to 84 years	149,385	...	...	4,185	...	...
85 years and over	58,260	...	...	1,410	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	2,130,850	...	...	52,005	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,418,495	...	...	35,450	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	712,350	...	...	16,560	...	...
30% to less than 100%	589,435	...	...	13,835	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,418,695	...	...	22,710	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	63.2	...	...	54.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	26.7	...	...	17.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,655	...	...	1,292	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,755	...	...	1,434	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	647,648	...	...	374,896	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	734,924	...	...	448,887	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	715,420	...	...	29,340	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	14.6	...	...	20.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	46.9	...	...	43.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,207	...	...	1,018	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,264	...	...	1,051	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,900	92,895	44,150	48,745
No certificate, diploma or degree	794,735	377,800	416,930	14,280	7,135	7,145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	1,262,345	621,135	641,215	23,600	11,630	11,970
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,755	55,015	25,385	29,630
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	216,485	144,375	72,110	4,145	2,280	1,865
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	116,425	69,165	47,260	2,375	1,180	1,200
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	100,065	75,215	24,850	1,765	1,105	665
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	844,670	369,815	474,855	15,815	6,810	9,005
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	134,705	60,270	74,435	1,800	690	1,115
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,626,155	771,800	854,355	33,255	15,605	17,650
Bachelor's degree	1,075,760	494,850	580,905	18,730	8,300	10,425
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	107,255	49,015	58,245	1,915	810	1,105
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	44,785	22,370	22,420	825	415	410
Master's degree	350,785	176,595	174,185	9,585	4,650	4,935
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	47,570	28,965	18,600	2,200	1,435	770
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,055	59,005	28,485	30,520
No certificate, diploma or degree	316,395	160,105	156,295	6,240	3,325	2,910
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	718,855	360,435	358,420	12,135	6,470	5,665
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,253,435	1,058,095	1,195,340	40,630	18,685	21,940
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	147,990	97,935	50,050	2,890	1,570	1,320
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	79,985	47,200	32,785	1,690	835	850
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	68,005	50,740	17,270	1,205	730	470
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	660,375	288,290	372,080	11,760	5,230	6,530
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	101,090	44,915	56,180	1,055	435	620
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,343,990	626,960	717,030	24,925	11,460	13,470
Bachelor's degree	876,470	399,455	477,015	13,825	6,230	7,595
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	87,155	38,320	48,835	1,385	570	815
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	36,605	17,060	19,545	625	270	350
Master's degree	306,310	150,595	155,715	7,585	3,495	4,090
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	37,445	21,525	15,920	1,510	890	615
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	92,900	44,150	48,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	2,057,085	998,935	1,058,145	37,885	18,765	19,120
Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	2,930	830	2,105
13. Education	143,825	29,335	114,490	2,930	830	2,105
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	138,915	62,540	76,375	2,225	980	1,245
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	18,065	13,420	4,645	310	205	105
50. Visual and performing arts	120,850	49,120	71,735	1,915	775	1,135
Humanities	190,960	67,430	123,535	5,005	2,065	2,935
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	22,465	4,895	17,570	780	205	570
23. English language and literature/letters	53,980	15,275	38,705	1,190	410	775
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	57,545	19,230	38,315	915	365	555
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	925	420	505	35	10	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	12,380	6,900	5,485	455	290	165
39. Theology and religious vocations	10,235	6,460	3,765	225	140	85
54. History	26,685	13,230	13,455	980	535	445
55. French language and literature/letters	6,750	1,015	5,735	435	120	310
Social and behavioural sciences and law	404,445	141,120	263,325	11,525	4,710	6,815
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	5,520	1,040	4,480	265	60	205
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	44,435	17,305	27,130	1,290	495	790
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	57,210	5,340	51,870	995	95	895
22. Legal professions and studies	69,375	26,940	42,430	1,900	775	1,125
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	6,765	1,550	5,220	285	55	225
42. Psychology	56,380	13,470	42,905	1,350	375	975
45. Social sciences	164,760	75,470	89,290	5,450	2,845	2,605
Business, management and public administration	683,170	305,955	377,210	10,690	4,480	6,215
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,380	525	855	25	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	41,330	8,545	32,785	1,465	470	990
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	640,460	296,885	343,575	9,210	3,995	5,210
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135,195	63,275	71,920	2,550	1,330	1,220
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	56,780	22,320	34,460	1,205	480	725
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	33,525	14,700	18,820	305	175	130
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	2,425	770	1,655	20	10	10
40. Physical sciences	37,715	23,855	13,860	955	655	295
41. Science technologies/technicians	4,745	1,620	3,125	65	10	55
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	167,300	108,360	58,945	2,985	1,865	1,120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	129,355	88,860	40,490	2,100	1,490	610
25. Library science	5,930	975	4,950	380	105	280
27. Mathematics and statistics	29,330	16,665	12,665	435	245	190
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,690	1,845	840	65	25	40
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	483,705	417,195	66,510	6,830	5,865	965
04. Architecture and related services	30,785	19,780	11,000	575	370	200
14. Engineering	209,840	167,090	42,755	2,680	2,180	500
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	82,390	74,000	8,390	1,425	1,265	160
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	105	25	75	10	0	10
46. Construction trades	62,875	61,525	1,345	855	840	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	64,895	63,235	1,660	885	835	40
48. Precision production	32,825	31,545	1,280	400	365	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	31,395	16,880	14,510	780	355	425
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	18,615	10,510	8,105	410	180	235
03. Natural resources and conservation	12,775	6,370	6,410	365	175	190
Health and related fields	329,520	79,140	250,380	7,005	1,600	5,410
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	27,935	14,250	13,685	545	255	290
51. Health professions and related programs	289,225	58,445	230,780	6,165	1,145	5,025
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	12,370	6,450	5,920	290	200	95
Personal, protective and transportation services	113,240	54,930	58,315	2,485	1,315	1,170
12. Personal and culinary services	69,505	21,485	48,025	1,465	495	965
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	400	355	45	90	75	20
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	545	510	30	55	60	0
43. Security and protective services	27,635	19,200	8,440	605	430	175
49. Transportation and materials moving	15,155	13,380	1,775	270	260	10
Other	335	95	235	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	335	100	235	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	3,288,690	1,578,640	1,710,050	59,005	28,485	30,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	1,035,250	520,540	514,710	18,380	9,795	8,580
Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	1,830	520	1,315
13. Education	105,195	20,910	84,285	1,830	520	1,315
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	111,390	50,080	61,305	1,590	740	840
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	13,840	10,300	3,535	225	145	85
50. Visual and performing arts	97,550	39,775	57,770	1,360	600	755
Humanities	148,140	50,890	97,255	3,395	1,420	1,970
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	17,660	3,540	14,120	605	135	460
23. English language and literature/letters	41,970	11,575	30,395	805	280	520
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	45,505	14,730	30,775	555	245	310
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	740	345	390	30	0	25
38. Philosophy and religious studies	9,615	5,405	4,205	325	215	105
39. Theology and religious vocations	7,505	4,705	2,800	140	95	45
54. History	20,195	9,940	10,250	690	385	310
55. French language and literature/letters	4,965	635	4,325	250	55	195
Social and behavioural sciences and law	328,240	111,705	216,530	8,870	3,480	5,390
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	4,530	880	3,645	220	45	175
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	36,715	14,295	22,425	1,020	375	640
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	44,120	3,755	40,370	780	90	690
22. Legal professions and studies	58,950	20,950	38,000	1,590	595	1,000
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	5,295	1,275	4,020	220	50	170
42. Psychology	44,300	10,030	34,270	995	255	745
45. Social sciences	134,325	60,520	73,810	4,045	2,070	1,975
Business, management and public administration	564,595	248,210	316,390	8,025	3,340	4,680
30.16 Accounting and computer science	1,160	430	735	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	33,415	6,830	26,585	1,120	345	775
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	530,015	240,955	289,060	6,885	2,990	3,895
Physical and life sciences and technologies	103,055	46,585	56,475	1,695	860	835
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	43,415	16,535	26,875	820	325	490
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	25,865	11,000	14,865	220	130	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	1,995	655	1,335	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	28,260	17,290	10,970	600	395	210
41. Science technologies/technicians	3,535	1,110	2,430	45	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	148,790	96,820	51,970	2,520	1,605	920
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	118,355	81,355	37,000	1,850	1,320	530
25. Library science	4,220	735	3,485	270	75	195
27. Mathematics and statistics	23,830	13,135	10,700	345	190	160
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	2,380	1,595	790	55	20	35
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	373,050	316,715	56,335	5,005	4,270	740
04. Architecture and related services	25,325	15,870	9,455	435	280	165
14. Engineering	171,640	134,400	37,240	2,000	1,595	405
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	61,555	55,085	6,465	1,040	935	105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	95	20	75	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	45,310	44,305	1,000	610	595	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	47,060	45,880	1,170	660	625	30
48. Precision production	22,075	21,155	915	260	245	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	24,915	12,845	12,070	635	270	365
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	14,535	7,740	6,800	320	125	195
03. Natural resources and conservation	10,375	5,105	5,270	315	155	170
Health and related fields	260,215	62,080	198,135	5,245	1,245	3,995
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	21,080	10,715	10,365	420	190	225
51. Health professions and related programs	229,345	46,565	182,780	4,625	930	3,695
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	9,790	4,795	4,990	195	120	75
Personal, protective and transportation services	85,575	41,185	44,390	1,810	930	880
12. Personal and culinary services	52,095	15,715	36,385	1,115	385	735
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	285	245	40	60	45	15
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	255	240	15	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	20,920	14,315	6,605	400	275	120
49. Transportation and materials moving	12,015	10,670	1,345	205	200	10
Other	285	80	205	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	285	75	210	10	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	4,879,095	2,345,195	2,533,905	92,895	44,150	48,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,057,080	998,935	1,058,145	37,880	18,760	19,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,822,010	1,346,255	1,475,760	55,015	25,385	29,630
Location of study inside Canada	1,913,405	904,105	1,009,300	45,610	20,820	24,790
Same as province or territory of residence	1,765,910	831,915	934,000	36,060	16,335	19,720
Different than province or territory of residence	147,495	72,195	75,305	9,550	4,480	5,070
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	908,605	442,150	466,460	9,405	4,565	4,840
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	83,885	46,165	37,725	1,515	790	720
Philippines	96,085	33,600	62,485	650	165	490
India	142,155	71,730	70,420	305	150	150
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	59,990	33,500	26,490	1,300	700	600
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	78,940	37,355	41,580	335	155	175
France	6,680	3,625	3,055	480	230	255
Other	440,875	216,165	224,710	4,820	2,375	2,445
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	3,288,690	1,578,635	1,710,055	59,005	28,485	30,520
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,035,250	520,540	514,715	18,380	9,800	8,580
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	2,253,435	1,058,100	1,195,340	40,630	18,685	21,940
Location of study inside Canada	1,525,890	713,690	812,200	33,680	15,440	18,240
Same as province or territory of residence	1,408,565	656,055	752,510	26,780	12,220	14,565
Different than province or territory of residence	117,325	57,635	59,690	6,900	3,220	3,680
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	727,550	344,405	383,140	6,945	3,245	3,700
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	66,805	35,720	31,085	955	450	505
Philippines	81,210	27,965	53,245	560	140	420
India	122,145	59,885	62,265	220	105	115
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	37,190	20,385	16,805	805	415	385
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	66,635	31,040	35,595	220	95	120
France	5,615	3,030	2,590	345	145	200
Other	347,945	166,390	181,555	3,845	1,885	1,955
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,900	92,895	44,150	48,750
In the labour force	3,234,350	1,670,030	1,564,315	57,530	29,055	28,480
Employed	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,250	51,945	26,205	25,735
Unemployed	249,360	123,290	126,070	5,590	2,845	2,740
Not in the labour force	1,644,740	675,160	969,585	35,365	15,095	20,265
Participation rate	66.3	71.2	61.7	61.9	65.8	58.4
Employment rate	61.2	66.0	56.8	55.9	59.4	52.8
Unemployment rate	7.7	7.4	8.1	9.7	9.8	9.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	4,879,095	2,345,190	2,533,905	92,900	44,150	48,745
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	1,592,740	654,475	938,270	34,310	14,705	19,600
Worked	3,286,350	1,690,715	1,595,635	58,590	29,440	29,145
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	1,694,705	941,950	752,765	28,675	15,220	13,450
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	1,591,645	748,775	842,875	29,920	14,220	15,695
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.3	41.9	41.9	42.2	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,320	57,530	29,055	28,480
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,705	48,505	2,050	1,030	1,010
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	55,485	28,020	27,465
Employee	2,744,970	1,368,035	1,376,935	50,095	24,900	25,200
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	399,170	260,290	138,885	5,385	3,120	2,265
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	3,234,355	1,670,030	1,564,320	57,530	29,050	28,480
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,215	41,710	48,505	2,050	1,035	1,010
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,325	1,515,815	55,485	28,015	27,465
0 Management occupations	376,890	228,640	148,255	5,605	3,175	2,435
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	576,955	203,575	373,375	10,225	3,695	6,530
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	269,965	206,395	63,570	4,695	3,490	1,210
3 Health occupations	173,475	41,565	131,915	3,505	915	2,595
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	357,990	109,080	248,905	9,735	3,840	5,890
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	127,395	62,535	64,855	2,670	1,210	1,465
6 Sales and service occupations	735,270	338,725	396,550	14,015	7,085	6,930
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	351,740	327,065	24,675	4,115	3,825	285
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	24,245	19,360	4,885	385	320	65
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	150,215	91,390	58,825	535	470	70
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	3,234,350	1,670,035	1,564,315	57,530	29,050	28,480
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	90,210	41,710	48,505	2,045	1,035	1,015
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	3,144,140	1,628,320	1,515,815	55,485	28,020	27,465
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	9,410	5,515	3,890	130	85	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	4,500	3,110	1,395	65	45	15
22 Utilities	15,860	10,905	4,955	100	70	30
23 Construction	191,430	166,670	24,750	2,350	2,055	295
31-33 Manufacturing	285,825	188,490	97,335	1,230	885	345
41 Wholesale trade	143,725	88,880	54,845	935	730	200
44-45 Retail trade	338,675	161,855	176,820	5,595	2,625	2,975
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	168,165	123,115	45,050	1,660	1,275	380
51 Information and cultural industries	106,940	61,970	44,970	1,350	790	560
52 Finance and insurance	247,475	118,710	128,760	1,795	875	920
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	82,665	44,590	38,075	1,025	615	410
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	339,305	191,155	148,150	4,585	2,665	1,920
55 Management of companies and enterprises	8,680	3,615	5,065	50	15	35
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	162,185	89,190	72,995	3,300	2,035	1,265
61 Educational services	229,025	70,820	158,200	4,775	2,000	2,770
62 Health care and social assistance	287,975	58,110	229,865	6,025	1,490	4,535
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	63,745	33,560	30,185	1,290	655	635
72 Accommodation and food services	204,315	93,560	110,760	4,775	2,445	2,325
81 Other services (except public administration)	134,570	56,235	78,335	2,735	1,010	1,725
91 Public administration	119,675	58,255	61,415	11,720	5,650	6,070
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	2,984,990	1,546,745	1,438,245	51,945	26,205	25,735
Worked at home	218,365	111,020	107,345	3,460	1,735	1,730
Worked outside Canada	19,580	13,225	6,350	250	125	130
No fixed workplace address	346,205	246,815	99,395	4,525	3,225	1,305
Worked at usual place	2,400,845	1,175,685	1,225,160	43,700	21,125	22,580
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	2,400,850	1,175,685	1,225,160	43,700	21,125	22,580
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,353,665	614,770	738,890	39,965	19,190	20,780
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	243,620	119,725	123,890	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	798,155	437,940	360,215	655	410	250
Commute to a different province or territory	5,410	3,250	2,160	3,085	1,535	1,555
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	48,230	24,345	23,880
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,714,795	982,905	731,890	22,655	12,590	10,065
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	154,360	56,295	98,065	2,625	970	1,655
Public transit	667,255	281,110	386,145	13,245	5,790	7,450
Walked	144,135	64,380	79,750	6,920	3,260	3,655
Bicycle	39,320	24,920	14,395	2,120	1,395	725
Other method	27,190	12,890	14,300	670	340	325
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	2,747,050	1,422,500	1,324,550	48,230	24,345	23,880
Less than 15 minutes	391,400	177,910	213,490	9,930	5,055	4,875
15 to 29 minutes	783,980	398,445	385,535	20,990	10,575	10,425
30 to 44 minutes	726,575	394,790	331,790	10,815	5,640	5,175
45 to 59 minutes	372,095	198,325	173,770	3,505	1,635	1,870
60 minutes and over	473,000	253,030	219,970	2,990	1,450	1,545
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	2,747,055	1,422,500	1,324,555	48,225	24,345	23,885
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	158,945	113,980	44,970	2,125	1,390	735
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	416,640	250,560	166,080	7,095	3,975	3,120
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	699,920	339,560	360,360	12,865	6,050	6,815
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	649,740	299,940	349,800	13,085	6,125	6,965
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	404,420	192,285	212,135	6,035	2,975	3,065
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	417,380	226,175	191,205	7,025	3,835	3,185
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	3,404,195	1,747,775	1,656,415	60,620	30,430	30,190
Single responses	3,323,390	1,708,945	1,614,450	55,510	27,910	27,600
Official languages	3,230,665	1,659,815	1,570,850	55,090	27,690	27,405
English	3,218,730	1,656,605	1,562,120	49,130	25,210	23,915
French	11,940	3,210	8,725	5,965	2,480	3,485
Non-official languages	92,725	49,125	43,600	420	225	200
Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	92,715	49,125	43,590	420	220	195
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,865	1,065	805	120	80	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	100	45	60	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	85	30	55	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,755	1,020	735	120	85	35
Amharic	55	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,165	760	405	120	80	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	110	75	30	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	360	115	245	0	0	0
Maltese	25	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	45	25	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,780	740	1,045	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	45	30	25	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,735	715	1,025	15	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,105	415	690	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	990	370	615	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	15	10	10	10	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	1,910	905	1,000	0	0	0
Kannada	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	1,815	870	945	0	0	0
Telugu	35	0	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	27,005	14,870	12,135	140	75	65
Albanian	210	125	85	0	0	0
Armenian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,315	2,575	2,745	25	15	10
Baltic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,260	2,550	2,710	25	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	30	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	75	40	0	0	0
Croatian	95	55	35	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,490	800	690	10	10	10
Russian	2,515	1,095	1,415	15	10	10
Serbian	160	110	55	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	30	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	680	290	390	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	380	145	230	30	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	20	0	10	10	10	10
Dutch	60	40	25	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	240	70	165	15	10	10
Icelandic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	20	10	15	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	340	190	155	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,855	6,035	4,815	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	8,405	4,500	3,905	10	0	0
Bengali	300	145	155	0	10	0
Gujarati	615	210	405	0	0	0
Hindi	740	355	385	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	60	20	35	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5,635	3,250	2,385	0	0	0
Sindhi	20	10	15	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	15	10	0	0	0
Urdu	985	480	505	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,445	1,535	910	10	0	10
Kurdish	85	75	10	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	2,350	1,460	890	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,760	5,730	4,030	65	45	25
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	775	415	355	0	0	0
Portuguese	5,070	3,365	1,705	30	15	15
Romanian	245	105	140	0	0	0
Spanish	3,660	1,840	1,820	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	775	250	520	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	10	10	10	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	4,265	2,155	2,105	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	350	140	210	0	0	0
American Sign Language	245	80	170	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	110	65	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	52,745	28,050	24,695	100	40	60
Chinese languages	52,700	28,020	24,675	100	45	55
Cantonese	25,335	13,205	12,130	45	15	25
Hakka	35	10	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	26,135	14,210	11,930	45	20	30
Min Dong	25	15	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	220	145	75	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	910	420	490	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	415	285	130	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	400	270	130	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	10	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	305	140	165	0	0	0
Estonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Finnish	45	10	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80,805	38,835	41,970	5,105	2,515	2,590
English and French	16,405	6,285	10,115	4,565	2,245	2,315
English and non-official language	63,155	31,990	31,165	375	180	200
French and non-official language	85	45	40	20	15	0
English, French and non-official language	1,160	510	645	150	75	70
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	3,404,200	1,747,780	1,656,420	60,615	30,430	30,190
None	3,137,830	1,614,155	1,523,680	39,995	20,770	19,225
English	44,560	21,510	23,050	4,025	1,845	2,180
French	47,885	20,415	27,475	15,295	7,170	8,130
Non-official language	169,430	89,575	79,855	1,045	525	520
Aboriginal	155	50	105	55	15	40
Non-Aboriginal	169,270	89,525	79,750	990	510	480
English and French	85	45	45	30	25	10
English and non-official language	1,225	585	640	35	20	15
French and non-official language	3,160	1,480	1,675	185	80	105
English, French and non-official language	25	20	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	5,802,555	2,819,345	2,983,215	106,075	50,850	55,225
Non-movers	5,070,300	2,459,065	2,611,235	86,400	41,420	44,985
Movers	732,260	360,275	371,980	19,675	9,430	10,245
Non-migrants	433,235	212,190	221,040	13,455	6,445	7,010
Migrants	299,025	148,080	150,940	6,225	2,985	3,230
Internal migrants	194,570	96,145	98,430	3,930	1,825	2,105
Intraprovincial migrants	168,510	83,115	85,395	2,120	995	1,125
Interprovincial migrants	26,065	13,030	13,030	1,810	840	975
External migrants	104,455	51,940	52,515	2,295	1,160	1,135
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	5,553,650	2,691,730	2,861,915	102,350	49,035	53,320
Non-movers	3,411,530	1,646,850	1,764,680	55,095	26,120	28,970
Movers	2,142,120	1,044,880	1,097,235	47,250	22,905	24,345
Non-migrants	1,174,140	570,770	603,370	29,055	14,150	14,905
Migrants	967,975	474,110	493,860	18,200	8,760	9,440
Internal migrants	577,355	282,680	294,680	11,525	5,425	6,100
Intraprovincial migrants	510,305	250,225	260,080	6,535	3,040	3,495
Interprovincial migrants	67,050	32,450	34,600	4,985	2,385	2,600
External migrants	390,620	191,435	199,185	6,680	3,335	3,345