Census Profile, 2016 Census
Riverview, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Riverview, TV New Brunswick [Census subdivision]			Cape Breton, RGM Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Riverview, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : Riverview, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	19,667	...	...	94,285	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	19,128	...	...	97,398	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.8	...	...	-3.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	8,537	...	...	45,742	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	8,224	...	...	41,679	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	554.8	...	...	38.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	35.45	...	...	2,430.06	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	19,670	9,360	10,305	94,285	44,655	49,625
0 to 14 years	3,140	1,610	1,525	12,350	6,275	6,075
0 to 4 years	905	470	435	3,690	1,825	1,870
5 to 9 years	1,080	550	525	4,255	2,210	2,050
10 to 14 years	1,160	595	565	4,405	2,240	2,165
15 to 64 years	12,675	6,075	6,595	59,620	28,575	31,045
15 to 19 years	1,240	660	580	4,980	2,550	2,430
20 to 24 years	1,090	520	570	5,200	2,650	2,555
25 to 29 years	935	470	460	4,575	2,275	2,300
30 to 34 years	1,140	510	630	4,400	2,085	2,310
35 to 39 years	1,275	615	660	4,550	2,045	2,505
40 to 44 years	1,435	705	735	5,230	2,410	2,820
45 to 49 years	1,440	685	750	5,865	2,795	3,075
50 to 54 years	1,560	730	830	7,705	3,540	4,170
55 to 59 years	1,315	610	700	8,645	4,075	4,570
60 to 64 years	1,255	570	685	8,465	4,155	4,310
65 years and over	3,855	1,675	2,180	22,310	9,805	12,505
65 to 69 years	1,310	600	710	7,500	3,620	3,880
70 to 74 years	950	445	505	5,325	2,440	2,885
75 to 79 years	640	285	350	3,990	1,785	2,205
80 to 84 years	450	175	275	2,780	1,115	1,665
85 years and over	505	170	335	2,725	845	1,875
85 to 89 years	295	95	200	1,645	565	1,075
90 to 94 years	165	60	100	805	225	580
95 to 99 years	40	15	30	230	50	185
100 years and over	5	0	0	40	0	40
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.0	17.2	14.8	13.1	14.1	12.2
15 to 64 years	64.4	64.9	64.0	63.2	64.0	62.6
65 years and over	19.6	17.9	21.2	23.7	22.0	25.2
85 years and over	2.6	1.8	3.3	2.9	1.9	3.8
Average age of the population	42.5	41.1	43.8	46.1	44.8	47.2
Median age of the population	43.7	42.3	45.0	50.0	48.8	51.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
Single-detached house	5,305	...	...	30,575	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	170	...	...	210	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	2,380	...	...	9,680	...	...
Semi-detached house	625	...	...	2,835	...	...
Row house	420	...	...	690	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	160	...	...	1,830	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,170	...	...	4,255	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	65	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	375	...	...	1,220	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
1 person	2,130	...	...	13,065	...	...
2 persons	3,170	...	...	15,605	...	...
3 persons	1,275	...	...	6,605	...	...
4 persons	1,180	...	...	4,330	...	...
5 or more persons	465	...	...	2,075	...	...
Number of persons in private households	19,495	...	...	92,555	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	16,525	7,750	8,780	81,930	38,385	43,550
Married or living common law	10,130	5,050	5,075	42,760	21,365	21,395
Married	8,310	4,150	4,165	36,180	18,075	18,105
Living common law	1,815	905	910	6,580	3,290	3,290
Not married and not living common law	6,400	2,695	3,705	39,170	17,015	22,155
Never married	3,855	1,945	1,910	23,370	12,060	11,305
Separated	525	210	315	3,025	1,210	1,815
Divorced	960	320	640	5,485	2,225	3,260
Widowed	1,065	220	840	7,290	1,525	5,770
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	5,950	...	...	27,910	...	...
2 persons	3,260	...	...	16,295	...	...
3 persons	1,225	...	...	6,395	...	...
4 persons	1,100	...	...	3,845	...	...
5 or more persons	360	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	5,950	...	...	27,910	...	...
Total couple families	5,005	...	...	21,020	...	...
Married couples	4,095	...	...	17,730	...	...
Common-law couples	905	...	...	3,290	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	945	...	...	6,890	...	...
Female parent	755	...	...	5,705	...	...
Male parent	185	...	...	1,185	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	5,005	...	...	21,020	...	...
Couples without children	2,665	...	...	12,005	...	...
Couples with children	2,340	...	...	9,015	...	...
1 child	960	...	...	4,535	...	...
2 children	1,040	...	...	3,270	...	...
3 or more children	340	...	...	1,210	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	945	...	...	6,890	...	...
1 child	600	...	...	4,290	...	...
2 children	265	...	...	1,860	...	...
3 or more children	80	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	3,020	1,215	1,800	18,125	8,105	10,020
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	8,225	...	...	41,675	...	...
One-census-family households	5,740	...	...	26,510	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	2,575	...	...	11,510	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	3,165	...	...	15,000	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	105	...	...	690	...	...
Non-census-family households	2,380	...	...	14,480	...	...
One-person households	2,130	...	...	13,065	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	250	...	...	1,415	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	19,520	9,320	10,205	92,810	44,135	48,675
English only	14,075	6,940	7,130	88,820	42,475	46,350
French only	40	15	30	15	10	5
English and French	5,390	2,360	3,030	3,910	1,630	2,290
Neither English nor French	15	5	10	60	30	35
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	19,520	9,320	10,200	92,815	44,135	48,675
English	17,880	8,615	9,265	92,035	43,790	48,250
French	1,560	670	890	670	300	375
English and French	65	30	40	60	30	25
Neither English nor French	20	5	15	45	20	30
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,595	685	910	700	310	390
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	8.2	7.3	8.9	0.8	0.7	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	19,520	9,320	10,205	92,810	44,135	48,680
Single responses	19,305	9,215	10,090	92,440	43,960	48,480
Official languages	18,885	9,005	9,875	90,875	43,140	47,730
English	17,295	8,330	8,970	90,110	42,810	47,305
French	1,585	675	910	760	330	425
Non-official languages	425	205	215	1,565	820	745
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	80	35	50
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	30	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	75	30	45
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	45
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	415	205	215	1,485	790	700
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	150	105	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	20	10	150	105	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	15	0	150	105	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	5	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	25	5	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	50	20	30	75	30	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	20	25	70	30	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	25	15	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	215	100	115	645	315	330
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	40	20	25	115	40	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	35	15	20	110	40	65
Belarusan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	15	5	5	40	15	25
Russian	5	0	0	15	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	5	0	0	35	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	45	20	25
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	0	40	15	20
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages	75	35	40	150	70	80
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	5
Danish	5	5	0	10	5	5
Dutch	25	10	20	50	25	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	40	20	25	75	35	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	5	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	15	165	100	65
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	155	95	60
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	5	0	0	10	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	25	20	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	5	5	0	85	55	35
Iranian languages	10	0	5	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	35	120	55	65
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	15	5	5	55	30	30
Portuguese	5	5	5	15	5	10
Romanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	20	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	10	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	75	40	35	40	15	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sign languages	5	5	5	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	15	15	455	255	195
Chinese languages	30	15	15	455	260	195
Cantonese	5	0	0	55	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	20	5	15	330	190	145
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	5	0	65	40	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	5	0	25	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	0	20	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	215	105	110	375	175	200
English and French	180	85	90	165	75	90
English and non-official language	30	15	15	200	95	105
French and non-official language	10	5	5	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	19,520	9,320	10,205	92,815	44,135	48,675
Single responses	19,300	9,215	10,090	92,400	43,940	48,460
Official languages	19,130	9,130	10,000	91,650	43,520	48,130
English	18,535	8,895	9,640	91,445	43,425	48,020
French	595	230	360	205	95	115
Non-official languages	170	80	85	745	415	330
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	170	85	85	720	405	315
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	0	0	100	65	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	0	5	100	65	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	100	65	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	5	30	15	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	10	5	25	15	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	55	25	35	205	105	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	5	10	25	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	0	10	5	5
Russian	5	0	0	10	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	10	25	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	5	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	5	0	5	100	55	45
Indo-Aryan languages	5	5	0	90	55	40
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	5
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	70	40	30
Iranian languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	5	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	25	10	15	35	10	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	0	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	35	30	20	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	25	15	10
American Sign Language	5	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	5	20	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	10	10	320	185	130
Chinese languages	15	5	10	320	185	130
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	10	245	140	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	220	110	115	415	195	220
English and French	115	50	65	90	35	55
English and non-official language	95	50	45	325	160	165
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	19,525	9,320	10,200	92,810	44,135	48,675
None	17,880	8,655	9,230	91,080	43,345	47,735
English	415	155	260	460	240	220
French	1,050	430	615	650	265	390
Non-official language	150	60	85	595	275	315
Aboriginal	5	5	0	80	35	45
Non-Aboriginal	145	60	80	515	245	275
English and French	5	5	0	10	5	0
English and non-official language	0	5	0	5	5	0
French and non-official language	25	10	10	25	5	15
English, French and non-official language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,355	7,705	8,655	80,215	37,775	42,435
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,725	7,370	8,355	77,085	36,270	40,815
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,680	42,417	29,920	28,968	33,804	25,108
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,730	7,370	8,360	77,100	36,265	40,830
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,784	37,056	27,118	26,661	30,389	23,674
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	14,625	7,075	7,555	62,915	30,520	32,390
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,247	38,646	26,176	25,049	29,201	21,935
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	10,915	4,335	6,580	63,790	28,900	34,885
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,117	8,204	6,512	10,190	11,179	9,546
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	11,905	5,975	5,930	48,680	23,845	24,835
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,649	37,316	28,603	26,980	30,875	23,994
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	16,360	7,705	8,655	80,210	37,775	42,435
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,715	7,390	8,330	76,915	36,115	40,800
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,904	51,129	35,603	37,101	43,112	31,779
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,715	7,390	8,325	76,925	36,115	40,805
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,714	41,598	30,491	31,362	35,603	27,608
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	14,660	7,085	7,575	62,835	30,455	32,380
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,067	48,121	32,529	34,533	40,362	29,052
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	10,805	4,315	6,490	63,485	28,700	34,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,037	8,526	7,711	10,769	11,423	10,229
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	11,905	5,955	5,950	48,680	23,875	24,800
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,019	46,564	33,468	36,115	41,982	30,469
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	16,360	7,705	8,655	80,210	37,780	42,435
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,260	3,240	3,020	19,225	9,255	9,975
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	46,387	52,525	42,169	45,247	51,404	41,931
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,238	64,822	47,023	53,289	58,822	48,157
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	86.8	90.2	82.4	76.3	79.0	73.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.2	72.8	66.9	61.3	63.8	58.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	13.2	9.8	17.6	23.7	21.0	27.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	16,360	7,705	8,655	80,210	37,775	42,435
Without total income	630	335	300	3,125	1,505	1,620
With total income	15,725	7,370	8,355	77,085	36,270	40,815
Percentage with total income	96.1	95.7	96.5	96.1	96.0	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,820	715	1,110	10,725	4,550	6,180
$10,000 to $19,999	2,370	755	1,615	15,145	5,565	9,575
$20,000 to $29,999	2,380	910	1,470	13,895	5,970	7,920
$30,000 to $39,999	2,345	1,060	1,285	10,880	5,135	5,750
$40,000 to $49,999	2,035	1,000	1,035	7,920	3,840	4,085
$50,000 to $59,999	1,400	780	620	5,365	2,945	2,415
$60,000 to $69,999	1,035	630	405	3,595	2,260	1,335
$70,000 to $79,999	735	415	320	2,795	1,610	1,185
$80,000 to $89,999	510	295	215	2,265	1,205	1,060
$90,000 to $99,999	330	215	110	1,395	840	560
$100,000 and over	770	600	175	3,105	2,355	745
$100,000 to $149,999	525	390	130	2,320	1,710	615
$150,000 and over	250	205	45	780	645	130
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	16,360	7,705	8,655	80,210	37,775	42,435
Without after-tax income	625	335	295	3,110	1,505	1,605
With after-tax income	15,730	7,370	8,360	77,100	36,270	40,835
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	95.7	96.6	96.1	96.0	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,945	730	1,220	11,050	4,620	6,430
$10,000 to $19,999	2,520	835	1,685	16,050	6,005	10,045
$20,000 to $29,999	2,880	1,150	1,725	16,475	7,255	9,225
$30,000 to $39,999	2,935	1,380	1,550	12,640	6,055	6,585
$40,000 to $49,999	2,120	1,140	980	8,100	4,365	3,735
$50,000 to $59,999	1,285	785	505	4,910	3,010	1,900
$60,000 to $69,999	905	500	405	3,450	1,850	1,600
$70,000 to $79,999	420	290	130	1,895	1,195	700
$80,000 and over	720	560	155	2,530	1,910	615
$80,000 to $89,999	245	185	60	945	660	285
$90,000 to $99,999	140	105	40	520	400	120
$100,000 and over	335	275	60	1,065	850	215
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	16,360	7,700	8,655	80,215	37,780	42,435
Without employment income	4,455	1,725	2,725	31,535	13,935	17,600
With employment income	11,905	5,975	5,930	48,680	23,845	24,835
Percentage with employment income	72.8	77.6	68.5	60.7	63.1	58.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,550	775	775	6,570	2,905	3,660
$5,000 to $9,999	980	425	555	4,665	1,975	2,690
$10,000 to $19,999	1,540	680	855	8,160	3,695	4,460
$20,000 to $29,999	1,500	620	885	6,845	3,100	3,745
$30,000 to $39,999	1,575	705	870	5,565	2,440	3,125
$40,000 to $49,999	1,325	625	705	4,220	1,980	2,240
$50,000 to $59,999	915	535	375	3,360	1,890	1,480
$60,000 to $69,999	715	430	285	2,320	1,460	860
$70,000 to $79,999	575	305	275	1,905	1,065	845
$80,000 and over	1,235	880	345	5,060	3,330	1,725
$80,000 to $89,999	400	225	175	1,805	895	915
$90,000 to $99,999	225	155	70	1,045	670	375
$100,000 and over	610	500	105	2,205	1,770	435
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	8,220	...	...	41,675	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	69,474	...	...	53,833	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	60,608	...	...	48,237	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,130	...	...	13,065	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,067	...	...	25,503	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,747	...	...	24,241	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	6,090	...	...	28,615	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,422	...	...	71,351	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,299	...	...	62,770	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	81,985	...	...	68,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,246	...	...	57,883	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,125	...	...	13,065	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,550	...	...	34,433	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,692	...	...	29,549	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	6,100	...	...	28,615	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,031	...	...	83,999	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	78,894	...	...	70,816	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	430	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	1,055	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	95	...	...	1,655	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	270	...	...	2,595	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	345	...	...	2,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	290	...	...	2,195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	340	...	...	2,470	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	395	...	...	2,355	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	400	...	...	2,150	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	425	...	...	1,850	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	790	...	...	3,465	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	700	...	...	2,930	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	715	...	...	2,615	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	615	...	...	2,290	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	515	...	...	1,820	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,230	...	...	9,070	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	910	...	...	3,510	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	540	...	...	2,235	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	495	...	...	2,185	...	...
$200,000 and over	285	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	8,220	...	...	41,680	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	445	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	65	...	...	1,060	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	95	...	...	1,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	290	...	...	2,730	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	385	...	...	3,040	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	370	...	...	2,510	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	415	...	...	2,855	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	500	...	...	2,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	500	...	...	2,330	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	480	...	...	2,245	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	910	...	...	4,050	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	900	...	...	3,405	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	780	...	...	2,785	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	615	...	...	2,260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	470	...	...	1,765	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,405	...	...	5,840	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	710	...	...	3,050	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	370	...	...	1,490	...	...
$150,000 and over	330	...	...	1,305	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	5,895	...	...	27,725	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,389	...	...	71,364	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,208	...	...	62,754	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	2,520	...	...	11,170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,577	...	...	66,854	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,088	...	...	58,916	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	2,370	...	...	9,270	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,370	...	...	103,627	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	89,387	...	...	87,992	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	880	...	...	6,370	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,176	...	...	44,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,995	...	...	41,696	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	5,890	...	...	27,720	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,110	...	...	84,097	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,834	...	...	70,862	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	2,505	...	...	11,190	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,114	...	...	75,429	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,603	...	...	63,813	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	2,390	...	...	9,270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	117,961	...	...	116,076	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,660	...	...	95,443	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	860	...	...	6,370	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,158	...	...	52,604	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,010	...	...	47,102	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	2,735	1,110	1,620	15,730	7,130	8,600
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,012	37,589	33,353	24,901	26,826	23,903
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,944	32,736	29,824	23,813	24,884	23,258
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	2,715	1,075	1,640	15,655	7,100	8,550
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,980	43,561	40,945	33,364	35,865	31,287
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	35,676	36,220	35,319	28,625	30,077	27,419
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	19,500	9,320	10,180	92,550	44,045	48,505
In the bottom half of the distribution	10,095	4,570	5,520	55,980	25,710	30,270
In the bottom decile	1,200	530	670	11,730	5,330	6,400
In the second decile	1,875	770	1,110	12,890	5,480	7,410
In the third decile	2,185	1,000	1,190	11,285	5,240	6,045
In the fourth decile	2,430	1,135	1,290	10,485	4,980	5,505
In the fifth decile	2,405	1,135	1,265	9,590	4,675	4,910
In the top half of the distribution	9,405	4,740	4,660	36,575	18,335	18,240
In the sixth decile	2,535	1,265	1,270	9,280	4,540	4,740
In the seventh decile	2,325	1,175	1,150	8,465	4,265	4,200
In the eighth decile	2,080	1,040	1,045	8,130	4,025	4,105
In the ninth decile	1,500	775	725	6,670	3,425	3,245
In the top decile	960	490	465	4,030	2,080	1,950
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	19,500	9,320	10,180	92,550	44,045	48,505
0 to 17 years	3,930	2,035	1,895	15,265	7,760	7,505
0 to 5 years	1,100	575	525	4,405	2,195	2,210
18 to 64 years	11,860	5,645	6,215	56,225	26,830	29,395
65 years and over	3,710	1,635	2,075	21,055	9,455	11,610
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	2,025	825	1,200	18,245	7,985	10,265
0 to 17 years	590	305	285	4,465	2,345	2,120
0 to 5 years	200	100	100	1,575	830	745
18 to 64 years	1,070	440	630	9,800	4,250	5,545
65 years and over	365	80	285	3,980	1,385	2,595
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.4	8.9	11.8	19.7	18.1	21.2
0 to 17 years (%)	15.0	15.0	15.0	29.2	30.2	28.2
0 to 5 years (%)	18.2	17.4	19.0	35.8	37.8	33.7
18 to 64 years (%)	9.0	7.8	10.1	17.4	15.8	18.9
65 years and over (%)	9.8	4.9	13.7	18.9	14.6	22.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	960	430	530	7,650	3,675	3,970
0 to 17 years	285	145	140	1,910	1,015	890
0 to 5 years	95	50	40	690	375	315
18 to 64 years	590	265	325	5,400	2,545	2,860
65 years and over	85	15	65	340	115	220
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.9	4.6	5.2	8.3	8.3	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	7.3	7.1	7.4	12.5	13.1	11.9
0 to 5 years (%)	8.6	8.7	7.6	15.7	17.1	14.3
18 to 64 years (%)	5.0	4.7	5.2	9.6	9.5	9.7
65 years and over (%)	2.3	0.9	3.1	1.6	1.2	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	19,495	9,315	10,180	92,550	44,045	48,505
Official languages	19,460	9,300	10,160	92,525	44,035	48,490
English	19,425	9,280	10,140	92,505	44,020	48,480
French	5,405	2,390	3,015	3,925	1,685	2,240
Non-official languages	750	370	380	2,175	1,050	1,120
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	150	85	65
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	150	85	70
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	0	0	145	75	70
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	140	75	65
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	745	370	375	2,025	970	1,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	30	0	175	75	95
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	30	0	160	70	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	25	10	160	70	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	20	10	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	10	15	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	25	55	120	55	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	0	10	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	80	30	55	120	50	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	365	170	195	995	490	505
Albanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	15	25	145	50	95
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	15	25	130	50	80
Belarusan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polish	15	0	0	50	20	25
Russian	25	10	20	20	15	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	10	0	35	0	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	10	10	10	160	70	90
Scottish Gaelic	10	0	0	165	70	95
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	125	45	80	255	135	120
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	10	0	10	0	0
Dutch	40	15	25	55	40	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	80	15	60	190	95	95
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	10	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	10	0	55	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	10	145	95	50
Indo-Aryan languages	15	10	10	130	90	45
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	40	30	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	10	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	20	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	15	0	10	70	45	30
Iranian languages	0	10	0	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	190	95	100	260	120	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	45	15	25	85	40	40
Portuguese	30	15	15	25	15	10
Romanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	135	70	70	170	75	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	0	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	70	40	55	30	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	25	15	45	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	15	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	25	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sign languages	30	10	20	65	10	55
American Sign Language	10	0	0	40	10	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	35	0	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	80	30	45	500	260	240
Chinese languages	75	35	45	495	255	240
Cantonese	0	0	0	80	35	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	20	395	210	180
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	35	10	30	45	15	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	15	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	19,500	9,320	10,180	92,555	44,045	48,510
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	19,100	9,150	9,950	91,310	43,400	47,910
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,920	2,015	1,905	15,370	7,885	7,485
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	15,185	7,135	8,050	75,940	35,515	40,425
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	400	170	235	1,245	650	595
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	19,500	9,315	10,185	92,555	44,045	48,510
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	18,575	8,910	9,670	90,205	42,840	47,365
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	850	380	470	1,690	875	815
Before 1981	340	130	205	915	450	465
1981 to 1990	80	40	40	145	80	65
1991 to 2000	50	25	30	105	45	60
2001 to 2010	200	100	100	255	140	115
2001 to 2005	75	25	50	120	70	50
2006 to 2010	125	75	50	135	70	65
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	180	85	95	275	165	110
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	70	30	45	655	330	330
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	845	380	465	1,690	875	815
Under 5 years	160	45	110	285	135	150
5 to 14 years	185	105	85	315	190	125
15 to 24 years	135	45	85	365	155	210
25 to 44 years	340	165	170	625	335	290
45 years and over	30	15	10	100	60	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	845	380	465	1,690	875	815
Americas	175	75	100	355	150	205
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	10	10	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	0	10	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	130	45	80	300	120	180
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	25	15	15
Europe	375	155	225	845	470	375
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	20	10	15
Germany	40	20	20	135	55	85
Greece	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	30	25	0
Italy	15	0	10	35	25	10
Netherlands	15	0	10	45	35	15
Poland	10	0	0	20	10	10
Portugal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	0	15	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	0	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	215	75	130	445	260	185
Other places of birth in Europe	40	20	20	50	35	20
Africa	40	25	15	110	55	50
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	25	20	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	0	10	55	35	25
Asia	255	130	125	365	190	180
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	55	20	35	90	50	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	45	35	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	105	65	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	65	40	20
Philippines	60	25	40	80	20	55
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	10	0	25	15	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	180	80	95	275	165	110
Americas	25	0	15	35	15	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	10	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	10	15	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0
Europe	10	0	0	40	25	15
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	10	0	10
Africa	20	10	15	35	15	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	125	60	60	160	100	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10	10	0	40	30	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	15	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	50	25	20	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Philippines	65	30	40	50	25	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	19,495	9,315	10,180	92,555	44,045	48,505
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,005	445	550	2,530	1,300	1,235
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	1,385	655	725	4,675	2,125	2,555
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	17,115	8,210	8,905	85,340	40,615	44,725
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	510	250	260	790	440	350
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	345	190	150	440	255	185
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	130	90	35	220	150	70
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	215	100	115	220	100	115
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	135	35	95	305	150	155
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	25	10	10	45	30	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	0	0	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	19,495	9,320	10,180	92,555	44,045	48,510
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	385	170	220	3,330	1,595	1,735
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	370	170	200	3,165	1,520	1,645
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	225	100	120	1,525	745	785
Métis	140	65	75	1,520	705	815
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	115	65	50
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	20	0	20	115	40	70
Non-Aboriginal identity	19,110	9,145	9,965	89,225	42,450	46,775
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	19,495	9,315	10,180	92,555	44,045	48,505
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	140	65	75	1,040	525	515
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	19,355	9,255	10,105	91,515	43,525	47,990
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	19,495	9,320	10,180	92,550	44,045	48,510
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	55	25	25	605	295	310
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	50	25	30	570	270	300
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	40	15	25	365	160	210
Métis single ancestry	15	15	0	185	100	85
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	20	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	35	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	740	330	410	4,020	1,840	2,185
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	730	325	405	3,875	1,775	2,100
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	545	245	305	2,355	1,130	1,225
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	170	75	95	1,310	565	745
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	215	80	135
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	10	145	60	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	135	55	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	18,700	8,965	9,740	87,925	41,910	46,015
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	19,500	9,315	10,185	92,555	44,045	48,505
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	580	280	295	2,415	1,230	1,190
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	30	10	20	265	150	115
Chinese	75	20	55	550	285	265
Black	185	80	105	1,100	545	555
Filipino	95	40	55	125	55	65
Latin American	15	10	10	40	20	20
Arab	25	20	0	200	110	90
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	25	15	10	20	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	0	10	0	0
Korean	115	70	45	50	30	25
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	10	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	10	20	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	18,920	9,035	9,885	90,140	42,815	47,320
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	19,495	9,320	10,180	92,550	44,045	48,505
North American Aboriginal origins	800	355	445	4,630	2,135	2,495
First Nations (North American Indian)	600	255	340	2,890	1,370	1,520
Inuit	10	10	10	260	105	150
Métis	195	95	105	1,670	750	920
Other North American origins	9,730	4,620	5,105	41,390	19,605	21,785
Acadian	730	295	435	985	465	525
American	225	100	125	215	110	105
Canadian	9,045	4,315	4,730	40,140	19,030	21,100
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	15	15	390	165	225
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	60	25	35
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	10	0	10	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	14,065	6,655	7,405	66,160	31,320	34,840
British Isles origins	11,875	5,620	6,255	58,340	27,460	30,870
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,600	3,175	3,425	23,010	10,475	12,540
Irish	5,210	2,420	2,790	21,960	10,455	11,505
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	5,575	2,610	2,960	37,935	17,800	20,135
Welsh	300	115	180	1,535	700	835
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	530	265	270	950	410	540
French origins	4,240	2,010	2,235	15,980	7,405	8,575
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	4,245	2,010	2,235	15,980	7,405	8,570
Western European origins (except French origins)	2,355	1,125	1,230	4,820	2,225	2,590
Austrian	30	10	20	65	20	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	55	25	25	505	255	245
Dutch	515	275	240	1,375	660	720
Flemish	10	0	10	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,835	870	960	3,125	1,425	1,705
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	40	15	25	40	25	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	385	215	175	1,015	435	585
Danish	185	75	110	235	95	140
Finnish	15	10	10	85	25	60
Icelandic	0	10	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	70	35	35	395	185	215
Swedish	55	35	20	250	100	150
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	55	45	10	90	40	45
Eastern European origins	340	150	195	4,620	2,090	2,530
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Byelorussian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	25	0	25	115	60	60
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	0	0	90	35	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	10	25	380	195	185
Latvian	10	10	0	30	15	20
Lithuanian	25	20	0	225	90	135
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	105	60	45	2,320	1,050	1,270
Romanian	25	10	10	140	40	100
Russian	50	15	40	290	105	190
Slovak	15	0	20	70	25	45
Ukrainian	90	40	50	1,435	650	780
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Southern European origins	410	200	205	4,640	2,300	2,340
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Cypriot	15	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	10	315	150	165
Italian	270	135	135	3,565	1,760	1,805
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	75	45	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	50	20	30	200	100	100
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	90	45	45	450	210	235
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	30	30	10	215	135	85
Basque	0	0	0	15	15	0
Jewish	15	10	10	50	35	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	140	85	60
Caribbean origins	70	20	45	290	145	145
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	65	35	30
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	10	0	10	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	30	10	20	85	40	45
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	10	0	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	15	0	10	120	55	60
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	40	25	10	60	35	25
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	30	10	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	25	25	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	155	90	65	785	380	410
Central and West African origins	60	30	30	110	60	50
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Burkinabe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Guinean	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	15	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	30	20	0	50	25	20
Algerian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	10	0	10	10	10
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	20	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	10	0	35	15	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	10	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	55	30	30	600	275	325
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	0	0	135	65	65
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	55	30	25	475	215	260
Asian origins	440	230	205	2,315	1,205	1,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	90	60	30	1,195	615	580
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	120	60	65
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	10	0	20	15	10
Iraqi	10	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	35	0	30
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	45	20	20	925	470	450
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Syrian	25	25	0	130	85	50
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	10	20	0	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	30	20	20	250	130	120
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	30	15	15	160	90	75
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	60	35	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	0	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	315	155	165	855	445	410
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	90	35	50	605	330	275
Filipino	85	25	60	130	60	70
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	70	40	50	30	20
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	15	10	15	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	25	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Oceania origins	0	10	0	20	10	10
Australian	0	0	0	20	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
Owner	6,330	...	...	30,085	...	...
Renter	1,895	...	...	11,590	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
Condominium	595	...	...	465	...	...
Not condominium	7,630	...	...	41,220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	50	...	...
1 bedroom	460	...	...	4,080	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,880	...	...	10,805	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,400	...	...	18,530	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,470	...	...	8,220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,270	...	...	8,280	...	...
5 rooms	1,120	...	...	7,285	...	...
6 rooms	1,330	...	...	7,990	...	...
7 rooms	1,355	...	...	6,515	...	...
8 or more rooms	3,145	...	...	11,610	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	8,220	...	...	41,680	...	...
One person or fewer per room	8,210	...	...	41,550	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
Suitable	8,125	...	...	40,415	...	...
Not suitable	100	...	...	1,265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
1960 or before	975	...	...	16,510	...	...
1961 to 1980	3,300	...	...	12,875	...	...
1981 to 1990	925	...	...	5,085	...	...
1991 to 2000	875	...	...	3,590	...	...
2001 to 2005	580	...	...	1,160	...	...
2006 to 2010	855	...	...	1,315	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	710	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	7,905	...	...	37,530	...	...
Major repairs needed	320	...	...	4,145	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	8,225	...	...	41,680	...	...
1 household maintainer	4,725	...	...	26,590	...	...
2 household maintainers	3,405	...	...	14,275	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	95	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	8,225	...	...	41,675	...	...
15 to 24 years	170	...	...	870	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,035	...	...	3,680	...	...
35 to 44 years	1,515	...	...	5,270	...	...
45 to 54 years	1,625	...	...	7,630	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,435	...	...	9,855	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,375	...	...	8,090	...	...
75 to 84 years	690	...	...	4,635	...	...
85 years and over	380	...	...	1,650	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	8,215	...	...	41,600	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	6,655	...	...	32,935	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,555	...	...	8,665	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,415	...	...	7,785	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,330	...	...	30,030	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	65.7	...	...	47.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.7	...	...	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,004	...	...	663	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,040	...	...	822	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	160,108	...	...	137,758	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	181,714	...	...	153,984	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,895	...	...	11,595	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.6	...	...	25.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	43.4	...	...	45.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	911	...	...	723	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,066	...	...	743	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	16,355	7,705	8,655	80,215	37,775	42,435
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,295	1,205	1,090	18,385	9,000	9,395
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	4,930	2,475	2,455	21,420	9,675	11,740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	9,140	4,025	5,115	40,405	19,105	21,305
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,245	775	470	9,895	7,435	2,460
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	695	330	370	5,205	3,325	1,880
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	550	450	105	4,690	4,110	580
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,425	1,735	2,690	16,470	6,025	10,445
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	365	160	205	2,285	850	1,435
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,100	1,355	1,750	11,755	4,795	6,960
Bachelor's degree	2,340	995	1,345	8,255	3,235	5,025
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	205	105	95	1,070	465	605
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	90	60	30	315	195	115
Master's degree	435	175	260	1,805	705	1,095
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	15	20	315	190	125
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	10,310	4,925	5,395	49,020	23,135	25,890
No certificate, diploma or degree	645	405	240	6,455	3,485	2,965
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,960	1,540	1,420	12,890	5,965	6,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	6,705	2,975	3,730	29,675	13,680	15,995
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	795	515	280	6,685	5,075	1,610
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	445	225	220	3,575	2,315	1,260
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	345	290	60	3,115	2,765	350
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	3,285	1,340	1,945	12,515	4,630	7,885
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	235	105	130	1,535	580	950
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	2,395	1,015	1,380	8,945	3,395	5,550
Bachelor's degree	1,810	765	1,045	6,315	2,330	3,980
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	155	75	80	710	300	415
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	35	30	240	135	105
Master's degree	335	120	215	1,455	500	955
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	30	15	15	220	125	95
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	16,355	7,700	8,655	80,210	37,780	42,435
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,220	3,675	3,540	39,810	18,675	21,135
Education	785	200	580	3,585	1,030	2,560
13. Education	780	200	580	3,590	1,025	2,560
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	240	90	150	435	245	190
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	40	35	10	110	95	15
50. Visual and performing arts	195	60	135	320	145	175
Humanities	395	160	230	1,365	605	760
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	10	20	35	30	10
23. English language and literature/letters	115	40	75	320	110	205
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	55	20	35	550	185	365
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	25	15	10	60	30	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	70	30	40	125	80	45
54. History	85	50	40	245	150	90
55. French language and literature/letters	20	0	20	30	20	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	735	210	530	3,290	830	2,465
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	20	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	60	20	35	210	100	115
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	185	10	180	1,130	165	965
22. Legal professions and studies	150	45	105	530	140	395
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	10	25	0	30
42. Psychology	185	70	120	670	135	530
45. Social sciences	150	70	85	680	265	415
Business, management and public administration	2,485	870	1,615	7,435	1,950	5,485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	20	15	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	110	20	85	530	85	445
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,375	850	1,520	6,880	1,855	5,035
Physical and life sciences and technologies	190	100	90	840	420	415
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	45	25	20	280	140	140
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	50	60	295	115	175
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	20	15	10	170	130	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	0	0	85	35	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	490	320	170	970	505	460
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	465	310	155	845	475	365
25. Library science	0	10	0	65	10	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	0	10	55	20	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,495	1,390	110	10,385	9,925	455
04. Architecture and related services	25	25	0	30	25	0
14. Engineering	160	150	15	815	750	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	435	370	55	1,855	1,710	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	295	285	10	3,390	3,290	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	425	405	20	2,800	2,710	90
48. Precision production	155	150	0	1,490	1,445	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	95	55	45	395	255	140
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	80	45	40	170	85	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	0	220	170	55
Health and related fields	1,455	255	1,200	8,235	1,300	6,935
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	130	75	55	195	135	60
51. Health professions and related programs	1,310	165	1,145	7,920	1,085	6,835
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	125	80	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	770	375	395	3,475	2,035	1,440
12. Personal and culinary services	460	90	370	1,820	505	1,310
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	50	45	0
43. Security and protective services	125	110	15	485	400	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	175	10	1,115	1,070	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	10,310	4,920	5,390	49,020	23,130	25,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,605	1,945	1,660	19,345	9,455	9,895
Education	500	140	360	2,215	550	1,670
13. Education	500	140	365	2,215	550	1,670
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	175	70	105	350	205	155
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	10	85	70	10
50. Visual and performing arts	145	50	95	270	130	140
Humanities	275	115	160	915	355	565
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	15	25	25	0
23. English language and literature/letters	85	25	60	225	70	155
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	40	0	30	395	120	280
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	10	0	40	20	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	50	25	25	60	30	30
54. History	60	35	25	155	85	70
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	580	165	415	2,700	640	2,060
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	25	15	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	55	20	30	155	80	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	140	0	135	900	135	760
22. Legal professions and studies	105	30	75	450	100	350
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	20	0	20
42. Psychology	160	55	105	600	110	490
45. Social sciences	110	50	55	550	195	350
Business, management and public administration	1,900	655	1,245	5,500	1,415	4,080
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	80	15	70	445	55	390
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	1,810	640	1,165	5,045	1,355	3,690
Physical and life sciences and technologies	135	75	55	640	310	330
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	40	30	10	235	105	130
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	65	30	35	245	95	150
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	15	15	0	110	85	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	0	45	30	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	435	285	140	840	435	400
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	415	280	130	725	405	315
25. Library science	0	0	0	60	15	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	10	45	15	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,095	1,000	100	7,265	6,945	320
04. Architecture and related services	20	20	0	15	10	10
14. Engineering	90	80	10	575	530	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	345	290	50	1,310	1,200	105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	195	185	0	2,400	2,325	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	335	315	20	1,990	1,930	60
48. Precision production	120	115	10	985	945	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	40	35	300	195	105
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	65	35	25	125	60	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	175	135	40
Health and related fields	1,005	180	825	6,330	1,080	5,250
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	90	65	25	170	110	60
51. Health professions and related programs	915	110	800	6,080	930	5,150
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	75	40	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	535	245	290	2,615	1,550	1,070
12. Personal and culinary services	330	60	270	1,325	375	950
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	20	0
43. Security and protective services	95	85	15	410	330	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	110	100	10	850	820	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	16,360	7,700	8,655	80,210	37,775	42,435
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,220	3,680	3,545	39,805	18,675	21,135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	9,140	4,025	5,115	40,405	19,100	21,305
Location of study inside Canada	8,745	3,830	4,915	39,110	18,470	20,640
Same as province or territory of residence	6,165	2,680	3,480	34,630	16,065	18,565
Different than province or territory of residence	2,580	1,145	1,435	4,485	2,405	2,070
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	395	200	195	1,295	635	665
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	120	60	60	560	250	310
Philippines	35	10	25	75	25	50
India	0	0	0	30	25	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	70	45	25	155	110	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	10	185	95	90
France	10	10	0	10	10	0
Other	140	65	75	275	125	150
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	10,315	4,920	5,390	49,020	23,130	25,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,610	1,945	1,660	19,345	9,450	9,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	6,705	2,975	3,730	29,675	13,675	15,995
Location of study inside Canada	6,430	2,840	3,590	28,805	13,290	15,515
Same as province or territory of residence	4,620	2,075	2,545	25,610	11,595	14,015
Different than province or territory of residence	1,810	765	1,045	3,195	1,695	1,500
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	275	135	140	865	390	480
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	60	30	30	380	140	240
Philippines	35	10	25	70	25	40
India	0	0	0	20	15	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	20	10	100	65	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	15	0	10	95	55	40
France	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other	120	60	60	205	90	115
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	16,360	7,705	8,655	80,210	37,775	42,435
In the labour force	11,080	5,625	5,450	42,595	21,245	21,350
Employed	10,135	5,105	5,030	35,175	16,505	18,670
Unemployed	940	520	420	7,420	4,740	2,680
Not in the labour force	5,285	2,080	3,210	37,615	16,530	21,085
Participation rate	67.7	73.0	63.0	53.1	56.2	50.3
Employment rate	61.9	66.3	58.1	43.9	43.7	44.0
Unemployment rate	8.5	9.2	7.7	17.4	22.3	12.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	16,360	7,705	8,655	80,210	37,775	42,435
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	4,985	2,015	2,975	35,200	15,295	19,910
Worked	11,370	5,690	5,680	45,015	22,485	22,525
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,410	3,360	3,050	19,680	9,565	10,110
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	4,960	2,330	2,630	25,335	12,915	12,415
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.5	43.0	38.7	37.3	40.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	11,075	5,625	5,450	42,595	21,245	21,345
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	240	145	95	1,295	720	575
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	10,840	5,480	5,355	41,305	20,530	20,775
Employee	10,045	5,010	5,035	38,945	18,945	19,995
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	795	475	315	2,360	1,585	780
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	11,075	5,630	5,450	42,600	21,245	21,350
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	240	140	95	1,295	720	575
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	10,840	5,485	5,355	41,300	20,525	20,775
0 Management occupations	1,240	760	480	2,815	1,765	1,055
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	1,785	650	1,135	5,510	1,360	4,150
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	675	525	150	1,475	1,285	185
3 Health occupations	800	140	665	4,350	740	3,610
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	1,210	370	840	5,120	1,700	3,420
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	245	105	145	740	300	440
6 Sales and service occupations	3,215	1,410	1,800	11,675	4,555	7,120
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,330	1,245	85	6,685	6,385	300
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	135	125	20	1,750	1,495	255
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	205	160	45	1,185	940	245
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	11,075	5,630	5,450	42,595	21,245	21,350
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	235	140	95	1,295	720	570
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	10,840	5,485	5,355	41,300	20,525	20,775
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	30	0	1,155	925	230
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	130	75	55	970	865	105
22 Utilities	25	20	0	355	315	45
23 Construction	565	480	90	3,430	3,075	355
31-33 Manufacturing	500	375	125	1,630	1,275	350
41 Wholesale trade	505	390	115	650	495	155
44-45 Retail trade	1,795	980	805	5,770	2,450	3,320
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	725	545	185	1,710	1,355	360
51 Information and cultural industries	280	135	150	565	330	235
52 Finance and insurance	730	240	490	710	220	495
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	135	80	55	410	280	130
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	520	330	195	1,290	745	545
55 Management of companies and enterprises	20	15	0	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	990	500	490	2,715	1,610	1,110
61 Educational services	640	165	475	3,305	1,085	2,220
62 Health care and social assistance	1,185	180	1,000	7,370	1,260	6,105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	315	160	150	880	455	425
72 Accommodation and food services	745	260	485	3,420	1,165	2,255
81 Other services (except public administration)	420	185	235	1,680	860	815
91 Public administration	570	335	235	3,280	1,765	1,520
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	10,135	5,105	5,030	35,175	16,505	18,675
Worked at home	570	265	300	1,220	640	585
Worked outside Canada	30	10	20	50	40	15
No fixed workplace address	1,045	810	235	4,165	3,010	1,155
Worked at usual place	8,500	4,025	4,475	29,740	12,820	16,920
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	8,495	4,020	4,475	29,735	12,815	16,920
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,915	820	1,095	27,640	11,500	16,135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	80	25	60	545	225	315
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	6,365	3,085	3,285	630	385	240
Commute to a different province or territory	130	90	35	930	705	230
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	9,535	4,830	4,710	33,905	15,830	18,075
Car, truck, van - as a driver	7,850	4,055	3,790	28,020	12,935	15,085
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,055	440	610	2,840	1,125	1,715
Public transit	160	80	80	900	605	295
Walked	340	170	170	1,375	645	735
Bicycle	35	30	10	60	40	20
Other method	95	50	45	715	490	225
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	9,540	4,825	4,710	33,905	15,830	18,075
Less than 15 minutes	4,960	2,325	2,635	14,660	6,020	8,640
15 to 29 minutes	3,655	1,940	1,715	12,970	6,110	6,855
30 to 44 minutes	585	340	245	4,495	2,505	1,985
45 to 59 minutes	130	60	75	955	590	360
60 minutes and over	210	170	40	830	595	230
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	9,540	4,825	4,710	33,905	15,830	18,080
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	320	250	70	1,715	1,100	615
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,015	605	410	5,945	3,010	2,935
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,310	1,690	1,620	9,110	4,625	4,485
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	2,495	1,090	1,400	8,180	2,905	5,275
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	905	400	510	3,130	1,175	1,955
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,500	795	705	5,825	3,015	2,810
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	11,675	5,840	5,835	46,295	23,115	23,175
Single responses	11,300	5,690	5,610	46,095	23,020	23,075
Official languages	11,290	5,690	5,600	46,055	22,995	23,050
English	10,965	5,595	5,375	45,875	22,945	22,920
French	325	100	225	180	50	130
Non-official languages	10	0	10	45	25	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	25	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	10	20	10	10
Chinese languages	10	0	0	20	10	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple responses	375	150	220	195	95	100
English and French	370	150	225	160	70	95
English and non-official language	0	0	0	40	25	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	11,675	5,840	5,835	46,295	23,120	23,175
None	9,775	4,995	4,785	45,620	22,800	22,820
English	255	80	170	135	45	90
French	1,600	735	865	425	205	220
Non-official language	40	25	10	115	65	50
Aboriginal	0	0	0	35	25	15
Non-Aboriginal	35	25	10	75	40	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	19,315	9,230	10,085	91,810	43,705	48,105
Non-movers	17,135	8,165	8,970	84,270	40,070	44,205
Movers	2,180	1,065	1,115	7,535	3,640	3,895
Non-migrants	1,100	510	590	5,750	2,710	3,035
Migrants	1,075	550	525	1,785	925	860
Internal migrants	1,035	535	500	1,550	835	715
Intraprovincial migrants	665	330	335	580	315	270
Interprovincial migrants	370	205	165	970	525	450
External migrants	45	20	25	230	85	145
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	18,640	8,860	9,780	88,865	42,195	46,675
Non-movers	12,325	5,900	6,430	67,760	32,140	35,620
Movers	6,320	2,965	3,350	21,105	10,055	11,055
Non-migrants	3,375	1,575	1,805	15,780	7,360	8,415
Migrants	2,940	1,395	1,550	5,330	2,690	2,640
Internal migrants	2,720	1,310	1,415	4,430	2,205	2,220
Intraprovincial migrants	1,840	855	980	1,835	875	960
Interprovincial migrants	885	450	435	2,590	1,330	1,260
External migrants	215	85	135	905	490	415

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Riverview, TV [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Cape Breton, RGM [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 6, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Riverview, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Riverview, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Riverview, Town [Census subdivision], New Brunswick and Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia