Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton, CT Quebec [Census subdivision]			Cape Breton, RGM Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	504	...	...	94,285	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	484	...	...	97,398	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.1	...	...	-3.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	190	...	...	45,742	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	181	...	...	41,679	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.0	...	...	38.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	101.80	...	...	2,430.06	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	505	275	225	94,285	44,655	49,625
0 to 14 years	120	65	50	12,350	6,275	6,075
0 to 4 years	45	25	20	3,690	1,825	1,870
5 to 9 years	30	10	20	4,255	2,210	2,050
10 to 14 years	45	30	15	4,405	2,240	2,165
15 to 64 years	325	180	145	59,620	28,575	31,045
15 to 19 years	40	20	20	4,980	2,550	2,430
20 to 24 years	35	20	15	5,200	2,650	2,555
25 to 29 years	30	15	15	4,575	2,275	2,300
30 to 34 years	25	15	10	4,400	2,085	2,310
35 to 39 years	40	20	20	4,550	2,045	2,505
40 to 44 years	30	15	15	5,230	2,410	2,820
45 to 49 years	35	20	15	5,865	2,795	3,075
50 to 54 years	30	20	15	7,705	3,540	4,170
55 to 59 years	30	20	15	8,645	4,075	4,570
60 to 64 years	25	20	15	8,465	4,155	4,310
65 years and over	60	35	25	22,310	9,805	12,505
65 to 69 years	25	15	15	7,500	3,620	3,880
70 to 74 years	20	15	5	5,325	2,440	2,885
75 to 79 years	10	5	0	3,990	1,785	2,205
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	2,780	1,115	1,665
85 years and over	5	0	0	2,725	845	1,875
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	1,645	565	1,075
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	805	225	580
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	230	50	185
100 years and over	0	0	0	40	0	40
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.8	23.6	22.2	13.1	14.1	12.2
15 to 64 years	64.4	65.5	64.4	63.2	64.0	62.6
65 years and over	11.9	12.7	11.1	23.7	22.0	25.2
85 years and over	1.0	0.0	0.0	2.9	1.9	3.8
Average age of the population	35.6	36.0	35.0	46.1	44.8	47.2
Median age of the population	35.3	36.2	34.5	50.0	48.8	51.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	180	...	...	41,680	...	...
Single-detached house	170	...	...	30,575	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	210	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10	...	...	9,680	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	2,835	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	690	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	1,830	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	4,255	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	65	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,220	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	180	...	...	41,680	...	...
1 person	35	...	...	13,065	...	...
2 persons	70	...	...	15,605	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	6,605	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	4,330	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	2,075	...	...
Number of persons in private households	500	...	...	92,555	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	385	210	170	81,930	38,385	43,550
Married or living common law	255	125	130	42,760	21,365	21,395
Married	130	65	60	36,180	18,075	18,105
Living common law	130	65	65	6,580	3,290	3,290
Not married and not living common law	125	85	45	39,170	17,015	22,155
Never married	100	70	30	23,370	12,060	11,305
Separated	5	5	0	3,025	1,210	1,815
Divorced	20	15	5	5,485	2,225	3,260
Widowed	5	0	5	7,290	1,525	5,770
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	140	...	...	27,910	...	...
2 persons	70	...	...	16,295	...	...
3 persons	25	...	...	6,395	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	3,845	...	...
5 or more persons	30	...	...	1,380	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	140	...	...	27,910	...	...
Total couple families	125	...	...	21,020	...	...
Married couples	65	...	...	17,730	...	...
Common-law couples	65	...	...	3,290	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	15	...	...	6,890	...	...
Female parent	5	...	...	5,705	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	1,185	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	21,020	...	...
Couples without children	60	...	...	12,005	...	...
Couples with children	70	...	...	9,015	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	4,535	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	3,270	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	1,210	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	6,890	...	...
1 child	10	...	...	4,290	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,860	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	55	35	20	18,125	8,105	10,020
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	180	...	...	41,675	...	...
One-census-family households	140	...	...	26,510	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	60	...	...	11,510	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	75	...	...	15,000	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	690	...	...
Non-census-family households	45	...	...	14,480	...	...
One-person households	35	...	...	13,065	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	1,415	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	505	280	225	92,810	44,135	48,675
English only	5	0	0	88,820	42,475	46,350
French only	340	195	145	15	10	5
English and French	160	85	80	3,910	1,630	2,290
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	60	30	35
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	505	275	225	92,815	44,135	48,675
English	15	10	5	92,035	43,790	48,250
French	490	270	225	670	300	375
English and French	0	0	0	60	30	25
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	45	20	30
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	15	10	5	700	310	390
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.0	3.6	2.2	0.8	0.7	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	505	280	225	92,810	44,135	48,680
Single responses	500	280	220	92,440	43,960	48,480
Official languages	485	265	220	90,875	43,140	47,730
English	15	10	0	90,110	42,810	47,305
French	470	255	215	760	330	425
Non-official languages	20	10	5	1,565	820	745
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	80	35	50
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	80	30	45
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	75	30	45
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	5	1,485	790	700
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	150	105	45
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	150	105	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	150	105	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	5	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	5	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	75	30	45
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	70	30	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	5	645	315	330
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	115	40	70
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	110	40	65
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Russian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	40	15	20
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	150	70	80
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	50	25	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	5	75	35	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	165	100	65
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	155	95	60
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	20	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	85	55	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	50	20	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	15	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	455	255	195
Chinese languages	0	0	0	455	260	195
Cantonese	0	0	0	55	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	330	190	145
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	40	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	0	0	375	175	200
English and French	5	5	5	165	75	90
English and non-official language	0	0	0	200	95	105
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	505	280	225	92,815	44,135	48,675
Single responses	500	275	225	92,400	43,940	48,460
Official languages	485	270	215	91,650	43,520	48,130
English	10	5	5	91,445	43,425	48,020
French	475	260	215	205	95	115
Non-official languages	10	5	5	745	415	330
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	720	405	315
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	100	65	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	100	65	40
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	100	65	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	5	5	205	105	100
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	5	25	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	5	5	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	55	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	90	55	40
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	5
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	70	40	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	35	10	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	320	185	130
Chinese languages	0	0	0	320	185	130
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	245	140	105
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	25	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	415	195	220
English and French	5	0	0	90	35	55
English and non-official language	0	0	0	325	160	165
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	505	280	225	92,810	44,135	48,675
None	475	265	210	91,080	43,345	47,735
English	15	10	5	460	240	220
French	10	5	5	650	265	390
Non-official language	5	0	5	595	275	315
Aboriginal	0	0	0	80	35	45
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	515	245	275
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	5	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	385	210	170	80,215	37,775	42,435
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	375	205	165	77,085	36,270	40,815
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,248	30,528	27,456	28,968	33,804	25,108
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	370	205	170	77,100	36,265	40,830
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,832	28,480	26,176	26,661	30,389	23,674
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	340	190	150	62,915	30,520	32,390
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,480	28,608	21,440	25,049	29,201	21,935
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	295	165	130	63,790	28,900	34,885
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,272	4,352	9,568	10,190	11,179	9,546
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	315	175	135	48,680	23,845	24,835
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,808	27,328	19,264	26,980	30,875	23,994
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	400	225	175	80,210	37,775	42,435
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	395	225	165	76,915	36,115	40,800
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,975	29,422	30,706	37,101	43,112	31,779
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	395	220	170	76,925	36,115	40,805
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,966	25,115	27,092	31,362	35,603	27,608
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	335	195	145	62,835	30,455	32,380
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,787	27,772	25,456	34,533	40,362	29,052
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	335	190	150	63,485	28,700	34,775
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,570	6,842	10,733	10,769	11,423	10,229
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	315	185	135	48,680	23,875	24,800
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,039	23,703	24,509	36,115	41,982	30,469
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	400	225	175	80,210	37,780	42,435
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	180	110	65	19,225	9,255	9,975
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	33,146	33,245	32,590	45,247	51,404	41,931
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	34,316	33,669	35,416	53,289	58,822	48,157
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.3	85.4	72.6	76.3	79.0	73.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	66.4	69.4	64.5	61.3	63.8	58.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.5	14.7	28.6	23.7	21.0	27.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	385	215	175	80,210	37,775	42,435
Without total income	15	10	5	3,125	1,505	1,620
With total income	370	205	170	77,085	36,270	40,815
Percentage with total income	96.1	95.3	97.1	96.1	96.0	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	20	20	10,725	4,550	6,180
$10,000 to $19,999	80	45	35	15,145	5,565	9,575
$20,000 to $29,999	70	30	35	13,895	5,970	7,920
$30,000 to $39,999	60	25	30	10,880	5,135	5,750
$40,000 to $49,999	50	30	20	7,920	3,840	4,085
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	10	5,365	2,945	2,415
$60,000 to $69,999	15	15	5	3,595	2,260	1,335
$70,000 to $79,999	10	10	0	2,795	1,610	1,185
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	2,265	1,205	1,060
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	1,395	840	560
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	3,105	2,355	745
$100,000 to $149,999	5	5	0	2,320	1,710	615
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	780	645	130
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	385	215	170	80,210	37,775	42,435
Without after-tax income	15	10	5	3,110	1,505	1,605
With after-tax income	370	210	165	77,100	36,270	40,835
Percentage with after-tax income	96.1	97.7	97.1	96.1	96.0	96.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	45	20	25	11,050	4,620	6,430
$10,000 to $19,999	90	50	40	16,050	6,005	10,045
$20,000 to $29,999	80	40	40	16,475	7,255	9,225
$30,000 to $39,999	75	40	40	12,640	6,055	6,585
$40,000 to $49,999	45	30	15	8,100	4,365	3,735
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	4,910	3,010	1,900
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	5	3,450	1,850	1,600
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	0	1,895	1,195	700
$80,000 and over	5	5	0	2,530	1,910	615
$80,000 to $89,999	0	5	0	945	660	285
$90,000 to $99,999	0	5	0	520	400	120
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	1,065	850	215
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	385	215	170	80,215	37,780	42,435
Without employment income	70	35	35	31,535	13,935	17,600
With employment income	310	175	135	48,680	23,845	24,835
Percentage with employment income	80.5	81.4	79.4	60.7	63.1	58.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	25	30	6,570	2,905	3,660
$5,000 to $9,999	30	20	15	4,665	1,975	2,690
$10,000 to $19,999	60	30	25	8,160	3,695	4,460
$20,000 to $29,999	45	25	25	6,845	3,100	3,745
$30,000 to $39,999	45	25	20	5,565	2,440	3,125
$40,000 to $49,999	35	20	15	4,220	1,980	2,240
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	5	3,360	1,890	1,480
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	0	2,320	1,460	860
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	0	1,905	1,065	845
$80,000 and over	5	5	5	5,060	3,330	1,725
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	1,805	895	915
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	1,045	670	375
$100,000 and over	5	0	0	2,205	1,770	435
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	180	...	...	41,675	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,568	...	...	53,833	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,696	...	...	48,237	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	35	...	...	13,065	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,912	...	...	25,503	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,832	...	...	24,241	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	145	...	...	28,615	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,008	...	...	71,351	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,408	...	...	62,770	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	185	...	...	41,680	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,504	...	...	68,465	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,877	...	...	57,883	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	13,065	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	34,433	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,941	...	...	29,549	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	150	...	...	28,615	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,344	...	...	83,999	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,026	...	...	70,816	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	180	...	...	41,680	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	430	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	1,055	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,655	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	2,595	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	2,740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	2,195	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	2,470	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	2,355	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	2,150	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	1,850	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	3,465	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	2,930	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	2,615	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	2,290	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	1,820	...	...
$100,000 and over	35	...	...	9,070	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	3,510	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	2,235	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	2,185	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	180	...	...	41,680	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	445	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	1,060	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	1,680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	2,730	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	3,040	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	2,510	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	2,855	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	2,675	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	2,330	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	2,245	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	4,050	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	20	...	...	3,405	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	2,785	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	2,260	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	1,765	...	...
$100,000 and over	15	...	...	5,840	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	3,050	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	1,490	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	1,305	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	140	...	...	27,725	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,544	...	...	71,364	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,048	...	...	62,754	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	60	...	...	11,170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	58,496	...	...	66,854	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,504	...	...	58,916	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	65	...	...	9,270	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,696	...	...	103,627	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,176	...	...	87,992	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.7	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	10	...	...	6,370	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	44,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	41,696	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	150	...	...	27,720	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,478	...	...	84,097	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,206	...	...	70,862	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	11,190	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,044	...	...	75,429	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	45,518	...	...	63,813	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	9,270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	94,698	...	...	116,076	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,218	...	...	95,443	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	6,370	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	52,604	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	47,102	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	45	30	15	15,730	7,130	8,600
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,304	25,408	0	24,901	26,826	23,903
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	24,128	23,616	0	23,813	24,884	23,258
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	45	35	0	15,655	7,100	8,550
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,638	0	0	33,364	35,865	31,287
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	23,828	22,641	0	28,625	30,077	27,419
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	505	280	225	92,550	44,045	48,505
In the bottom half of the distribution	350	190	160	55,980	25,710	30,270
In the bottom decile	30	25	10	11,730	5,330	6,400
In the second decile	95	50	45	12,890	5,480	7,410
In the third decile	65	45	25	11,285	5,240	6,045
In the fourth decile	55	25	30	10,485	4,980	5,505
In the fifth decile	100	50	50	9,590	4,675	4,910
In the top half of the distribution	155	85	70	36,575	18,335	18,240
In the sixth decile	90	50	35	9,280	4,540	4,740
In the seventh decile	25	15	10	8,465	4,265	4,200
In the eighth decile	25	15	15	8,130	4,025	4,105
In the ninth decile	5	0	0	6,670	3,425	3,245
In the top decile	10	5	0	4,030	2,080	1,950
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	505	280	225	92,550	44,045	48,505
0 to 17 years	145	80	65	15,265	7,760	7,505
0 to 5 years	50	25	20	4,405	2,195	2,210
18 to 64 years	300	165	135	56,225	26,830	29,395
65 years and over	60	35	25	21,055	9,455	11,610
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	90	50	40	18,245	7,985	10,265
0 to 17 years	30	20	15	4,465	2,345	2,120
0 to 5 years	15	10	5	1,575	830	745
18 to 64 years	40	20	20	9,800	4,250	5,545
65 years and over	20	15	5	3,980	1,385	2,595
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.8	17.9	17.8	19.7	18.1	21.2
0 to 17 years (%)	20.7	25.0	23.1	29.2	30.2	28.2
0 to 5 years (%)	30.0	40.0	25.0	35.8	37.8	33.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.3	12.1	14.8	17.4	15.8	18.9
65 years and over (%)	33.3	42.9	20.0	18.9	14.6	22.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	10	5	5	7,650	3,675	3,970
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	1,910	1,015	890
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	690	375	315
18 to 64 years	10	5	5	5,400	2,545	2,860
65 years and over	0	0	0	340	115	220
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.0	1.8	2.2	8.3	8.3	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	12.5	13.1	11.9
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	15.7	17.1	14.3
18 to 64 years (%)	3.3	3.0	3.7	9.6	9.5	9.7
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.6	1.2	1.9
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	530	300	230	92,550	44,045	48,505
Official languages	530	300	230	92,525	44,035	48,490
English	160	95	70	92,505	44,020	48,480
French	520	295	225	3,925	1,685	2,240
Non-official languages	15	10	10	2,175	1,050	1,120
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	150	85	65
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	150	85	70
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	145	75	70
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	140	75	65
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	2,025	970	1,050
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	175	75	95
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	160	70	90
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	160	70	85
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	120	50	70
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	0	995	490	505
Albanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	145	50	95
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	130	50	80
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	50	20	25
Russian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	0	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	160	70	90
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	165	70	95
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	255	135	120
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	55	40	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	15	10	10	190	95	95
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	30	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	145	95	50
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	130	90	45
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	40	30	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	10	10	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	20	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	70	45	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	260	120	140
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	85	40	40
Portuguese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	170	75	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	0	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	55	30	25
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	0	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	65	10	55
American Sign Language	0	0	0	40	10	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	35	0	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	500	260	240
Chinese languages	0	0	0	495	255	240
Cantonese	0	0	0	80	35	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	395	210	180
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	15	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	15	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	530	300	230	92,555	44,045	48,510
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	530	305	230	91,310	43,400	47,910
Canadian citizens aged under 18	150	85	65	15,370	7,885	7,485
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	380	215	165	75,940	35,515	40,425
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	1,245	650	595
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	530	300	230	92,555	44,045	48,510
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	520	290	225	90,205	42,840	47,365
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	15	10	0	1,690	875	815
Before 1981	10	10	0	915	450	465
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	145	80	65
1991 to 2000	0	0	10	105	45	60
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	255	140	115
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	120	70	50
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	135	70	65
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	275	165	110
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	655	330	330
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	15	10	0	1,690	875	815
Under 5 years	10	0	0	285	135	150
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	315	190	125
15 to 24 years	10	10	0	365	155	210
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	625	335	290
45 years and over	0	0	0	100	60	40
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	10	0	1,690	875	815
Americas	0	0	0	355	150	205
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	10	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	300	120	180
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	25	15	15
Europe	15	0	10	845	470	375
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	20	10	15
Germany	0	0	0	135	55	85
Greece	0	0	0	30	15	15
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	30	25	0
Italy	0	0	0	35	25	10
Netherlands	0	0	0	45	35	15
Poland	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portugal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	15	0	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	445	260	185
Other places of birth in Europe	15	10	0	50	35	20
Africa	0	0	0	110	55	50
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	20	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	55	35	25
Asia	0	0	0	365	190	180
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	90	50	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	10
India	0	0	0	45	35	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	65	40	20
Philippines	0	0	0	80	20	55
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	15	15
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	275	165	110
Americas	0	0	0	35	15	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0
Europe	0	0	0	40	25	15
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	0	10
Africa	0	0	0	35	15	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	0	0	0	160	100	60
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	15	15	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Philippines	0	0	0	50	25	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	530	300	230	92,555	44,045	48,505
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10	10	10	2,530	1,300	1,235
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	50	30	20	4,675	2,125	2,555
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	470	255	205	85,340	40,615	44,725
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	0	0	790	440	350
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	10	0	440	255	185
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	220	150	70
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	10	0	0	220	100	115
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	0	10	305	150	155
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	530	300	230	92,555	44,045	48,510
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	0	10	3,330	1,595	1,735
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	0	0	3,165	1,520	1,645
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	10	1,525	745	785
Métis	0	0	0	1,520	705	815
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	115	65	50
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	55	35	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	115	40	70
Non-Aboriginal identity	525	300	220	89,225	42,450	46,775
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	530	300	230	92,555	44,045	48,505
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	1,040	525	515
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	530	305	230	91,515	43,525	47,990
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	530	300	230	92,550	44,045	48,510
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	10	605	295	310
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	0	570	270	300
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	365	160	210
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	185	100	85
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	20	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	35	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	30	10	15	4,020	1,840	2,185
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	30	10	15	3,875	1,775	2,100
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	35	10	20	2,355	1,130	1,225
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,310	565	745
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	215	80	135
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	145	60	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	135	55	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	495	290	210	87,925	41,910	46,015
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	530	300	225	92,555	44,045	48,505
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	10	0	10	2,415	1,230	1,190
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	265	150	115
Chinese	0	0	0	550	285	265
Black	10	0	10	1,100	545	555
Filipino	0	0	0	125	55	65
Latin American	0	0	0	40	20	20
Arab	0	0	0	200	110	90
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	20	10	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	50	30	25
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	520	300	225	90,140	42,815	47,320
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	530	300	230	92,550	44,045	48,505
North American Aboriginal origins	35	10	25	4,630	2,135	2,495
First Nations (North American Indian)	30	10	20	2,890	1,370	1,520
Inuit	0	0	0	260	105	150
Métis	0	0	0	1,670	750	920
Other North American origins	425	245	180	41,390	19,605	21,785
Acadian	0	0	0	985	465	525
American	0	0	0	215	110	105
Canadian	390	220	170	40,140	19,030	21,100
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	390	165	225
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Québécois	30	20	10	0	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	210	120	85	66,160	31,320	34,840
British Isles origins	85	40	50	58,340	27,460	30,870
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	35	10	25	23,010	10,475	12,540
Irish	60	25	35	21,960	10,455	11,505
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	35	20	15	37,935	17,800	20,135
Welsh	0	0	0	1,535	700	835
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	950	410	540
French origins	55	35	25	15,980	7,405	8,575
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	60	35	25	15,980	7,405	8,570
Western European origins (except French origins)	50	25	30	4,820	2,225	2,590
Austrian	10	0	10	65	20	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	505	255	245
Dutch	0	0	0	1,375	660	720
Flemish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	3,125	1,425	1,705
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	45	25	15	40	25	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	1,015	435	585
Danish	0	0	0	235	95	140
Finnish	0	0	0	85	25	60
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	395	185	215
Swedish	0	0	0	250	100	150
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	90	40	45
Eastern European origins	25	20	10	4,620	2,090	2,530
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	115	60	60
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	90	35	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	380	195	185
Latvian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	225	90	135
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	15	0	2,320	1,050	1,270
Romanian	0	0	0	140	40	100
Russian	0	0	0	290	105	190
Slovak	0	0	0	70	25	45
Ukrainian	10	10	0	1,435	650	780
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Southern European origins	35	25	10	4,640	2,300	2,340
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	315	150	165
Italian	30	30	10	3,565	1,760	1,805
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	75	45	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	200	100	100
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	450	210	235
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	215	135	85
Basque	0	0	0	15	15	0
Jewish	0	0	0	50	35	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	140	85	60
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	290	145	145
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	85	40	45
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	10
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	120	55	60
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	60	35	25
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	30	10	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	10	0	10	785	380	410
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	110	60	50
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	50	25	20
Algerian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Libyan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	35	15	20
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other African origins	10	0	10	600	275	325
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	135	65	65
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	475	215	260
Asian origins	0	0	0	2,315	1,205	1,115
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,195	615	580
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	120	60	65
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	35	0	30
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	925	470	450
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Syrian	0	0	0	130	85	50
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	20	0	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	250	130	120
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	160	90	75
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	60	35	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	0	20
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	855	445	410
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	605	330	275
Filipino	0	0	0	130	60	70
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	50	30	20
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	25	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	25	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	20	10	10
Australian	0	0	0	20	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	180	...	...	41,680	...	...
Owner	160	...	...	30,085	...	...
Renter	20	...	...	11,590	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	185	...	...	41,680	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	465	...	...
Not condominium	185	...	...	41,220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	185	...	...	41,680	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	50	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	4,080	...	...
2 bedrooms	25	...	...	10,805	...	...
3 bedrooms	55	...	...	18,530	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	100	...	...	8,220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	180	...	...	41,680	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15	...	...	8,280	...	...
5 rooms	25	...	...	7,285	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	7,990	...	...
7 rooms	45	...	...	6,515	...	...
8 or more rooms	75	...	...	11,610	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	180	...	...	41,680	...	...
One person or fewer per room	175	...	...	41,550	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	180	...	...	41,680	...	...
Suitable	175	...	...	40,415	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1,265	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	180	...	...	41,680	...	...
1960 or before	105	...	...	16,510	...	...
1961 to 1980	15	...	...	12,875	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	5,085	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	3,590	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	1,160	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	1,315	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	20	...	...	1,140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	185	...	...	41,680	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	165	...	...	37,530	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	4,145	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	180	...	...	41,680	...	...
1 household maintainer	100	...	...	26,590	...	...
2 household maintainers	75	...	...	14,275	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	810	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	180	...	...	41,675	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	870	...	...
25 to 34 years	15	...	...	3,680	...	...
35 to 44 years	30	...	...	5,270	...	...
45 to 54 years	25	...	...	7,630	...	...
55 to 64 years	55	...	...	9,855	...	...
65 to 74 years	50	...	...	8,090	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	4,635	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,650	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	140	...	...	41,600	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	135	...	...	32,935	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	0	...	...	8,665	...	...
30% to less than 100%	0	...	...	7,785	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	115	...	...	30,030	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.2	...	...	47.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	11.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	820	...	...	663	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	710	...	...	822	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,922	...	...	137,758	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	151,659	...	...	153,984	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	11,595	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	25.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	45.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	723	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	743	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	400	230	175	80,215	37,775	42,435
No certificate, diploma or degree	140	90	50	18,385	9,000	9,395
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	85	55	30	21,420	9,675	11,740
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	180	80	100	40,405	19,105	21,305
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	115	60	50	9,895	7,435	2,460
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	80	45	40	5,205	3,325	1,880
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	30	15	10	4,690	4,110	580
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	35	15	20	16,470	6,025	10,445
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	2,285	850	1,435
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30	0	30	11,755	4,795	6,960
Bachelor's degree	25	10	20	8,255	3,235	5,025
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,070	465	605
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	315	195	115
Master's degree	10	0	10	1,805	705	1,095
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	315	190	125
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	240	130	110	49,020	23,135	25,890
No certificate, diploma or degree	35	30	10	6,455	3,485	2,965
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	45	35	10	12,890	5,965	6,925
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	160	70	90	29,675	13,680	15,995
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	105	55	50	6,685	5,075	1,610
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	80	45	40	3,575	2,315	1,260
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	15	10	3,115	2,765	350
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	10	15	12,515	4,630	7,885
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,535	580	950
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30	0	25	8,945	3,395	5,550
Bachelor's degree	20	0	15	6,315	2,330	3,980
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	710	300	415
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	240	135	105
Master's degree	10	0	0	1,455	500	955
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	220	125	95
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	400	225	170	80,210	37,780	42,435
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	220	150	75	39,810	18,675	21,135
Education	15	0	15	3,585	1,030	2,560
13. Education	10	0	10	3,590	1,025	2,560
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	435	245	190
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	110	95	15
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	320	145	175
Humanities	0	10	0	1,365	605	760
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	35	30	10
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	320	110	205
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	550	185	365
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	60	30	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	125	80	45
54. History	0	0	0	245	150	90
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	30	20	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	20	3,290	830	2,465
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	20	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	210	100	115
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	1,130	165	965
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	530	140	395
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	25	0	30
42. Psychology	0	0	0	670	135	530
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	680	265	415
Business, management and public administration	30	0	25	7,435	1,950	5,485
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	15	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	530	85	445
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	0	25	6,880	1,855	5,035
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	10	840	420	415
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	280	140	140
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	295	115	175
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	170	130	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	85	35	50
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	970	505	460
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	845	475	365
25. Library science	0	0	0	65	10	55
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	55	20	35
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	40	35	10	10,385	9,925	455
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	25	0
14. Engineering	0	0	0	815	750	70
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	0	0	1,855	1,710	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	10	0	3,390	3,290	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	20	0	2,800	2,710	90
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,490	1,445	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	25	0	395	255	140
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	20	0	170	85	85
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	220	170	55
Health and related fields	25	0	25	8,235	1,300	6,935
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	195	135	60
51. Health professions and related programs	25	0	20	7,920	1,085	6,835
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	125	80	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	15	3,475	2,035	1,440
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	1,820	505	1,310
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	50	45	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	485	400	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	1,115	1,070	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	240	130	110	49,020	23,130	25,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	80	60	20	19,345	9,455	9,895
Education	15	0	10	2,215	550	1,670
13. Education	10	0	10	2,215	550	1,670
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	350	205	155
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	85	70	10
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	270	130	140
Humanities	10	0	0	915	355	565
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	25	25	0
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	225	70	155
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	10	0	395	120	280
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	40	20	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	60	30	30
54. History	0	0	0	155	85	70
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	20	0	20	2,700	640	2,060
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	15	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	155	80	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	900	135	760
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	450	100	350
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	0	20
42. Psychology	0	0	0	600	110	490
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	550	195	350
Business, management and public administration	30	10	30	5,500	1,415	4,080
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	445	55	390
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	25	5,045	1,355	3,690
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	640	310	330
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	235	105	130
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	245	95	150
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	110	85	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	30	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	840	435	400
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	725	405	315
25. Library science	0	0	0	60	15	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	45	15	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	35	35	0	7,265	6,945	320
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	15	10	10
14. Engineering	0	0	0	575	530	40
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	0	0	1,310	1,200	105
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	2,400	2,325	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	20	20	0	1,990	1,930	60
48. Precision production	0	0	0	985	945	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	300	195	105
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	15	0	125	60	65
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	175	135	40
Health and related fields	15	0	15	6,330	1,080	5,250
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	170	110	60
51. Health professions and related programs	15	0	15	6,080	930	5,150
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	75	40	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	15	2,615	1,550	1,070
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	1,325	375	950
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	20	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	410	330	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	10	0	850	820	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	400	230	175	80,210	37,775	42,435
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	220	150	70	39,805	18,675	21,135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	180	80	95	40,405	19,100	21,305
Location of study inside Canada	165	75	95	39,110	18,470	20,640
Same as province or territory of residence	170	75	95	34,630	16,065	18,565
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	4,485	2,405	2,070
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	10	1,295	635	665
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	560	250	310
Philippines	0	0	0	75	25	50
India	0	0	0	30	25	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	155	110	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	185	95	90
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other	10	10	0	275	125	150
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	240	130	110	49,020	23,130	25,890
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	80	60	20	19,345	9,450	9,895
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	160	70	85	29,675	13,675	15,995
Location of study inside Canada	150	65	85	28,805	13,290	15,515
Same as province or territory of residence	150	65	85	25,610	11,595	14,015
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	3,195	1,695	1,500
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	10	865	390	480
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	380	140	240
Philippines	0	0	0	70	25	40
India	0	0	0	20	15	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	100	65	35
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	95	55	40
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	10	10	10	205	90	115
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	400	225	175	80,210	37,775	42,435
In the labour force	290	170	120	42,595	21,245	21,350
Employed	280	165	115	35,175	16,505	18,670
Unemployed	10	10	0	7,420	4,740	2,680
Not in the labour force	110	60	50	37,615	16,530	21,085
Participation rate	72.5	75.6	68.6	53.1	56.2	50.3
Employment rate	70.0	73.3	65.7	43.9	43.7	44.0
Unemployment rate	3.4	5.9	0.0	17.4	22.3	12.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	405	225	170	80,210	37,775	42,435
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	100	60	40	35,200	15,295	19,910
Worked	300	170	130	45,015	22,485	22,525
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	185	115	70	19,680	9,565	10,110
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	115	55	65	25,335	12,915	12,415
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.9	41.1	38.7	37.3	40.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	290	170	120	42,595	21,245	21,345
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,295	720	575
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	285	170	115	41,305	20,530	20,775
Employee	210	120	90	38,945	18,945	19,995
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	75	50	30	2,360	1,585	780
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	290	170	125	42,600	21,245	21,350
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	10	1,295	720	575
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	285	165	120	41,300	20,525	20,775
0 Management occupations	70	45	25	2,815	1,765	1,055
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	15	10	15	5,510	1,360	4,150
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	1,475	1,285	185
3 Health occupations	15	0	15	4,350	740	3,610
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	35	0	35	5,120	1,700	3,420
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	740	300	440
6 Sales and service occupations	35	20	20	11,675	4,555	7,120
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	50	45	0	6,685	6,385	300
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	30	0	1,750	1,495	255
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	15	0	1,185	940	245
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	290	165	120	42,595	21,245	21,350
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,295	720	570
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	285	165	120	41,300	20,525	20,775
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	105	70	30	1,155	925	230
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	970	865	105
22 Utilities	0	0	0	355	315	45
23 Construction	10	10	0	3,430	3,075	355
31-33 Manufacturing	35	30	10	1,630	1,275	350
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	650	495	155
44-45 Retail trade	15	10	10	5,770	2,450	3,320
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	25	15	0	1,710	1,355	360
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	565	330	235
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	710	220	495
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	410	280	130
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	10	0	1,290	745	545
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	0	0	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	10	0	2,715	1,610	1,110
61 Educational services	10	0	10	3,305	1,085	2,220
62 Health care and social assistance	55	10	45	7,370	1,260	6,105
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	880	455	425
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	3,420	1,165	2,255
81 Other services (except public administration)	15	0	0	1,680	860	815
91 Public administration	0	0	0	3,280	1,765	1,520
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	280	165	120	35,175	16,505	18,675
Worked at home	90	60	35	1,220	640	585
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	50	40	15
No fixed workplace address	25	25	0	4,165	3,010	1,155
Worked at usual place	165	80	85	29,740	12,820	16,920
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	165	75	85	29,735	12,815	16,920
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15	10	10	27,640	11,500	16,135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	90	45	45	545	225	315
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	60	25	30	630	385	240
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	930	705	230
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	190	100	85	33,905	15,830	18,075
Car, truck, van - as a driver	170	95	80	28,020	12,935	15,085
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	0	10	2,840	1,125	1,715
Public transit	0	0	0	900	605	295
Walked	10	0	10	1,375	645	735
Bicycle	0	0	0	60	40	20
Other method	0	0	0	715	490	225
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	190	100	90	33,905	15,830	18,075
Less than 15 minutes	40	20	25	14,660	6,020	8,640
15 to 29 minutes	80	35	40	12,970	6,110	6,855
30 to 44 minutes	55	40	15	4,495	2,505	1,985
45 to 59 minutes	15	0	10	955	590	360
60 minutes and over	0	10	0	830	595	230
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	185	100	85	33,905	15,830	18,080
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	0	10	1,715	1,100	615
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	60	50	10	5,945	3,010	2,935
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	60	35	30	9,110	4,625	4,485
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10	0	10	8,180	2,905	5,275
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	0	0	0	3,130	1,175	1,955
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	10	30	5,825	3,015	2,810
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	310	175	135	46,295	23,115	23,175
Single responses	305	175	135	46,095	23,020	23,075
Official languages	305	175	135	46,055	22,995	23,050
English	15	15	0	45,875	22,945	22,920
French	295	160	130	180	50	130
Non-official languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	20	15	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	195	95	100
English and French	0	0	0	160	70	95
English and non-official language	0	0	0	40	25	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	310	175	140	46,295	23,120	23,175
None	260	150	110	45,620	22,800	22,820
English	45	20	25	135	45	90
French	10	10	0	425	205	220
Non-official language	0	0	0	115	65	50
Aboriginal	0	0	0	35	25	15
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	75	40	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	525	300	225	91,810	43,705	48,105
Non-movers	495	280	210	84,270	40,070	44,205
Movers	35	20	15	7,535	3,640	3,895
Non-migrants	0	10	0	5,750	2,710	3,035
Migrants	30	15	10	1,785	925	860
Internal migrants	30	15	10	1,550	835	715
Intraprovincial migrants	30	15	15	580	315	270
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	970	525	450
External migrants	0	0	0	230	85	145
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	480	265	220	88,865	42,195	46,675
Non-movers	390	220	175	67,760	32,140	35,620
Movers	90	45	45	21,105	10,055	11,055
Non-migrants	15	0	0	15,780	7,360	8,415
Migrants	80	40	45	5,330	2,690	2,640
Internal migrants	75	35	40	4,430	2,205	2,220
Intraprovincial migrants	75	35	40	1,835	875	960
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,590	1,330	1,260
External migrants	0	0	0	905	490	415

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton, CT [Census subdivision], Quebec and Cape Breton, RGM [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 14, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Sainte-Edwidge-de-Clifton, Canton (municipalité de) [Census subdivision], Quebec and Cape Breton, Regional municipality [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia