Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hatley, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Milton, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Hatley, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Milton, T Ontario [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Hatley, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Hatley, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Milton, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	696 ^E	...	...	110,128	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	761	...	...	84,362	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-8.5 ^E	...	...	30.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	469	...	...	35,537	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	297	...	...	34,257	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	11.5	...	...	303.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	60.42	...	...	363.22	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	700	365	330	110,125	54,510	55,615
0 to 14 years	105	65	40	28,405	14,630	13,775
0 to 4 years	30	20	15	9,315	4,790	4,525
5 to 9 years	40	25	15	10,505	5,455	5,050
10 to 14 years	35	20	15	8,585	4,380	4,205
15 to 64 years	430	220	205	71,580	35,195	36,385
15 to 19 years	35	15	20	6,375	3,295	3,080
20 to 24 years	35	20	15	5,095	2,695	2,400
25 to 29 years	20	20	5	5,745	2,690	3,050
30 to 34 years	35	15	20	8,735	3,880	4,855
35 to 39 years	35	15	20	10,980	5,105	5,880
40 to 44 years	30	20	10	10,490	5,305	5,190
45 to 49 years	40	20	20	8,185	4,295	3,890
50 to 54 years	55	25	30	6,515	3,320	3,200
55 to 59 years	70	35	35	5,125	2,580	2,545
60 to 64 years	65	30	30	4,335	2,030	2,300
65 years and over	160	80	80	10,145	4,690	5,455
65 to 69 years	55	25	30	4,005	1,900	2,105
70 to 74 years	55	30	25	2,570	1,240	1,335
75 to 79 years	35	10	20	1,600	795	805
80 to 84 years	10	10	5	985	425	560
85 years and over	10	5	5	980	330	650
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	595	230	370
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	310	85	220
95 to 99 years	0	0	5	60	10	50
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	5	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.0	17.8	12.1	25.8	26.8	24.8
15 to 64 years	61.4	60.3	62.1	65.0	64.6	65.4
65 years and over	22.9	21.9	24.2	9.2	8.6	9.8
85 years and over	1.4	1.4	1.5	0.9	0.6	1.2
Average age of the population	45.2	43.7	47.0	34.3	33.7	34.9
Median age of the population	50.3	47.5	51.8	35.3	35.1	35.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	295	...	...	34,260	...	...
Single-detached house	290	...	...	20,090	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,550	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	12,600	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	3,570	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	7,425	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	5	...	...	260	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	1,335	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	15	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	300	...	...	34,255	...	...
1 person	75	...	...	4,495	...	...
2 persons	140	...	...	8,775	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	6,405	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	8,755	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	5,835	...	...
Number of persons in private households	700	...	...	108,935	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	3.2	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	590	300	290	81,725	39,885	41,840
Married or living common law	405	205	205	55,750	27,870	27,880
Married	255	130	130	50,270	25,140	25,130
Living common law	150	75	75	5,485	2,735	2,750
Not married and not living common law	180	95	90	25,970	12,015	13,960
Never married	120	70	50	18,060	9,595	8,465
Separated	0	0	5	1,895	730	1,165
Divorced	35	15	20	3,215	1,145	2,070
Widowed	25	5	20	2,800	545	2,255
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	225	...	...	30,845	...	...
2 persons	140	...	...	10,485	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	6,985	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	9,255	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	4,120	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	220	...	...	30,845	...	...
Total couple families	205	...	...	27,240	...	...
Married couples	130	...	...	24,505	...	...
Common-law couples	75	...	...	2,735	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	20	...	...	3,600	...	...
Female parent	15	...	...	2,860	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	200	...	...	27,240	...	...
Couples without children	135	...	...	8,505	...	...
Couples with children	70	...	...	18,735	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	5,780	...	...
2 children	30	...	...	8,915	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	4,040	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	3,600	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	1,980	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,205	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	425	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	90	45	40	8,210	3,570	4,635
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	295	...	...	34,260	...	...
One-census-family households	215	...	...	27,660	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	125	...	...	7,255	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	85	...	...	20,400	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	1,530	...	...
Non-census-family households	80	...	...	5,075	...	...
One-person households	75	...	...	4,495	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	580	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	695	365	335	109,380	54,060	55,320
English only	85	40	40	98,830	49,730	49,095
French only	195	105	90	115	55	65
English and French	415	220	200	8,745	3,680	5,065
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,695	595	1,100
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	700	365	330	109,380	54,055	55,325
English	230	110	120	105,205	52,340	52,865
French	465	255	210	1,595	710	885
English and French	0	0	5	930	430	495
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,655	575	1,080
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	230	110	120	2,055	925	1,130
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	32.9	30.1	36.4	1.9	1.7	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	700	365	335	109,380	54,060	55,320
Single responses	675	355	325	104,310	51,530	52,785
Official languages	650	345	310	69,370	34,595	34,770
English	205	105	105	67,880	33,925	33,955
French	445	240	200	1,485	670	820
Non-official languages	20	10	15	34,940	16,935	18,005
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	34,935	16,935	18,000
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	3,220	1,620	1,600
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	5
Somali	0	0	0	30	15	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	3,185	1,600	1,585
Amharic	0	0	0	20	10	10
Arabic	0	0	0	2,915	1,470	1,445
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	100	50	50
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	15	5	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	15	10	5
Maltese	0	0	0	75	35	40
Tigrigna	0	0	0	25	15	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	5	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	480	215	260
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	460	210	250
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	2,075	880	1,195
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	70	30	45
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	115	45	60
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	45	15	25
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,780	755	1,030
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	80	40	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	35	25
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,235	620	615
Kannada	0	0	0	45	25	25
Malayalam	0	0	0	250	125	125
Tamil	0	0	0	700	350	350
Telugu	0	0	0	230	120	115
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	15	24,820	12,145	12,670
Albanian	0	0	0	150	70	80
Armenian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	4,235	2,010	2,225
Baltic languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Latvian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Slavic languages	5	0	5	4,185	1,985	2,200
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Bulgarian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Croatian	0	0	0	590	310	285
Czech	0	0	0	75	30	40
Macedonian	0	0	0	110	50	60
Polish	5	5	5	2,055	955	1,100
Russian	0	0	0	490	215	275
Serbian	0	0	0	340	160	175
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	65	30	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	40	15	25
Ukrainian	0	0	0	250	125	125
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	5	10	815	385	430
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	45	20	25
Dutch	5	5	0	240	125	115
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	10	0	10	460	205	255
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	235	110	120
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	13,655	6,795	6,865
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	12,745	6,335	6,410
Bengali	0	0	0	360	180	175
Gujarati	0	0	0	795	385	410
Hindi	0	0	0	910	440	465
Kashmiri	0	0	0	15	10	10
Konkani	0	0	0	40	15	20
Marathi	0	0	0	80	40	45
Nepali	0	0	0	60	30	30
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,055	1,020	1,035
Sindhi	0	0	0	135	65	65
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	115	55	60
Urdu	0	0	0	8,180	4,085	4,095
Iranian languages	0	0	0	875	440	440
Kurdish	0	0	0	25	20	10
Pashto	0	0	0	175	85	85
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	675	335	340
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	0	5,690	2,755	2,935
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,195	630	570
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,510	740	770
Romanian	0	0	0	380	180	205
Spanish	5	5	5	2,605	1,205	1,400
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	50	15	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	365	180	185
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	250	125	130
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	70	35	35
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	5	10
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	20	15	5
Swahili	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	55	30	25
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	105	50	50
American Sign Language	0	0	0	85	40	45
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,805	820	990
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,795	805	985
Cantonese	0	0	0	555	245	305
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,115	505	610
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	20	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	170	85	85
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	145	70	75
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	10	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	225	120	115
Estonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	35	15	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	185	95	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	20	10	10	5,065	2,525	2,540
English and French	20	10	10	345	155	185
English and non-official language	5	0	0	4,470	2,260	2,210
French and non-official language	0	0	0	105	40	60
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	155	75	80
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	695	365	335	109,380	54,060	55,320
Single responses	685	360	330	98,780	48,770	50,015
Official languages	685	355	325	82,150	40,755	41,395
English	230	110	115	81,450	40,425	41,030
French	455	245	210	695	330	365
Non-official languages	5	0	5	16,630	8,015	8,620
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	16,635	8,015	8,615
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,585	765	820
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	1,575	760	815
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	1,475	720	755
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	45	25	25
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	250	110	140
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	245	110	135
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	750	335	415
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	45	25	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	665	295	370
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	635	305	325
Kannada	0	0	0	15	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	110	55	60
Tamil	0	0	0	395	190	210
Telugu	0	0	0	105	55	55
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	0	11,705	5,670	6,035
Albanian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,755	860	900
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,750	855	895
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	15	20
Croatian	0	0	0	175	80	95
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Polish	0	0	0	895	440	455
Russian	0	0	0	295	140	155
Serbian	0	0	0	145	70	80
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	95	55	45
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	0	0	90	40	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	15	5	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	5	5	60	25	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	40	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	7,455	3,630	3,820
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	7,000	3,405	3,590
Bengali	0	0	0	225	110	115
Gujarati	0	0	0	450	215	240
Hindi	0	0	0	390	185	205
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Marathi	0	0	0	40	20	20
Nepali	0	0	0	35	15	15
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,105	550	555
Sindhi	0	0	0	60	30	30
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	55	20	30
Urdu	0	0	0	4,635	2,255	2,375
Iranian languages	0	0	0	450	225	225
Kurdish	0	0	0	15	10	5
Pashto	0	0	0	95	45	50
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	335	165	170
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	2,290	1,085	1,205
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	215	100	120
Portuguese	0	0	0	375	180	195
Romanian	0	0	0	180	85	95
Spanish	0	0	0	1,515	725	785
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	10	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	225	110	110
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	5	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	5	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	140	65	75
American Sign Language	0	0	0	120	55	65
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,100	525	570
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,095	525	570
Cantonese	0	0	0	275	125	145
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	760	365	390
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	90	50	45
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	5	0
Turkish	0	0	0	75	35	40
Uyghur	0	0	0	10	10	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	5	5	10,600	5,285	5,310
English and French	5	5	0	295	150	145
English and non-official language	0	0	5	10,000	5,010	4,990
French and non-official language	0	5	0	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	270	120	155
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	695	365	335	109,380	54,055	55,320
None	530	275	255	86,785	43,155	43,630
English	85	50	35	8,755	4,375	4,380
French	70	35	35	1,125	475	650
Non-official language	10	5	5	12,260	5,850	6,410
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	5	5	5	12,255	5,845	6,410
English and French	0	0	0	110	50	60
English and non-official language	0	0	5	195	90	105
French and non-official language	5	0	5	150	65	85
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	590	300	290	80,560	39,280	41,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	565	290	280	76,700	37,495	39,200
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,336	41,280	27,840	42,682	52,860	34,384
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	570	290	280	76,705	37,500	39,210
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,592	34,432	26,336	37,943	45,514	31,359
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	525	270	255	70,600	35,660	34,940
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,528	39,509	22,304	42,940	53,369	33,649
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	425	210	210	51,955	21,735	30,225
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,704	6,536	10,000	2,407	638	3,808
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	395	220	175	63,405	32,725	30,675
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,784	35,968	22,080	44,594	54,458	35,931
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	620	310	310	80,560	39,285	41,275
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	595	300	295	76,675	37,555	39,120
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,563	57,996	45,053	53,687	64,558	43,250
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	595	300	300	76,680	37,560	39,120
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,986	45,092	36,830	43,685	51,260	36,413
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	545	280	265	70,640	35,730	34,910
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,326	56,458	41,803	53,934	65,002	42,604
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	430	205	225	51,745	21,790	29,955
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,247	8,165	10,219	5,919	4,672	6,827
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	415	225	190	63,405	32,830	30,575
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,544	50,347	35,510	53,954	63,808	43,372
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	620	310	310	80,560	39,280	41,275
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	195	110	85	34,525	19,810	14,710
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,035	45,663	36,464	64,106	70,611	56,986
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	52,855	61,482	41,483	73,291	80,976	62,943
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	87.8	92.7	79.8	92.6	95.8	88.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.4	67.4	49.5	83.2	86.4	78.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	12.4	8.5	19.4	7.4	4.2	11.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	585	295	290	80,555	39,280	41,275
Without total income	20	10	10	3,865	1,785	2,075
With total income	570	290	280	76,695	37,495	39,205
Percentage with total income	97.4	98.3	96.6	95.2	95.5	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	20	50	11,790	4,595	7,200
$10,000 to $19,999	105	55	55	9,915	3,910	6,000
$20,000 to $29,999	80	35	40	7,815	3,240	4,575
$30,000 to $39,999	70	30	35	6,875	2,875	4,005
$40,000 to $49,999	85	55	30	7,175	3,180	3,995
$50,000 to $59,999	45	20	25	6,515	3,215	3,300
$60,000 to $69,999	30	20	15	5,650	3,045	2,610
$70,000 to $79,999	25	15	10	4,700	2,710	1,990
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	3,865	2,235	1,635
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	3,425	2,030	1,395
$100,000 and over	45	35	15	8,960	6,465	2,495
$100,000 to $149,999	25	10	10	6,345	4,465	1,880
$150,000 and over	25	15	5	2,620	2,000	615
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	590	300	290	80,560	39,280	41,275
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	3,855	1,790	2,065
With after-tax income	570	290	280	76,705	37,495	39,210
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.7	96.6	95.2	95.5	95.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	75	25	50	12,015	4,665	7,350
$10,000 to $19,999	110	50	60	10,385	4,125	6,260
$20,000 to $29,999	90	45	45	9,160	3,830	5,330
$30,000 to $39,999	110	65	45	8,680	3,710	4,975
$40,000 to $49,999	50	25	25	9,055	4,360	4,695
$50,000 to $59,999	50	30	20	7,725	4,180	3,545
$60,000 to $69,999	25	10	10	5,935	3,435	2,500
$70,000 to $79,999	15	5	5	4,975	2,930	2,040
$80,000 and over	40	25	10	8,780	6,270	2,515
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	3,150	2,090	1,060
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	1,780	1,280	510
$100,000 and over	25	15	10	3,840	2,900	945
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	590	300	290	80,555	39,280	41,275
Without employment income	190	80	115	17,155	6,560	10,600
With employment income	395	220	180	63,405	32,725	30,675
Percentage with employment income	66.9	73.3	62.1	78.7	83.3	74.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	75	40	35	6,840	3,005	3,835
$5,000 to $9,999	30	10	20	4,370	1,825	2,550
$10,000 to $19,999	50	25	25	7,100	3,060	4,040
$20,000 to $29,999	35	20	20	5,585	2,445	3,140
$30,000 to $39,999	55	30	30	5,200	2,215	2,985
$40,000 to $49,999	50	30	15	5,620	2,540	3,080
$50,000 to $59,999	15	5	5	5,350	2,720	2,635
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	10	4,875	2,745	2,125
$70,000 to $79,999	20	10	5	4,080	2,425	1,650
$80,000 and over	45	30	10	14,380	9,755	4,625
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	3,510	2,040	1,465
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	3,085	1,840	1,245
$100,000 and over	25	20	5	7,785	5,870	1,915
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	295	...	...	34,255	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,992	...	...	104,730	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,008	...	...	88,711	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	70	...	...	4,490	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,472	...	...	54,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,568	...	...	45,690	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	220	...	...	29,760	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,232	...	...	113,298	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,736	...	...	95,760	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	310	...	...	34,260	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	98,252	...	...	120,157	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	78,098	...	...	97,783	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	4,495	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	54,706	...	...	63,215	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,967	...	...	50,721	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	255	...	...	29,765	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	108,492	...	...	128,755	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,888	...	...	104,889	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	295	...	...	34,255	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	320	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	165	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	285	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	405	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	535	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	605	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	640	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	815	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	835	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	860	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	1,910	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	2,075	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	2,110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	2,245	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	2,275	...	...
$100,000 and over	80	...	...	18,165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	5,270	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	4,230	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	20	...	...	4,985	...	...
$200,000 and over	25	...	...	3,675	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	295	...	...	34,260	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	355	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	175	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	290	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	425	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	595	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	675	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	755	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	965	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	1,105	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	20	...	...	1,110	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	2,520	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	2,710	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	2,905	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	2,905	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	2,775	...	...
$100,000 and over	60	...	...	13,995	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	5,720	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10	...	...	3,695	...	...
$150,000 and over	25	...	...	4,580	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	220	...	...	29,465	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,469	...	...	112,626	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,736	...	...	95,138	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	130	...	...	7,075	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,472	...	...	103,168	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	61,600	...	...	87,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	18,665	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,560	...	...	124,084	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,712	...	...	104,306	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.4	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	3,135	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	72,017	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	63,262	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	255	...	...	29,460	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	108,492	...	...	127,360	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	85,888	...	...	103,853	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	125	...	...	7,135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	135,870	...	...	117,658	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	101,805	...	...	94,942	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	105	...	...	18,655	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,205	...	...	138,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,706	...	...	113,071	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	3,105	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	80,462	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	68,820	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	80	40	40	5,970	2,800	3,170
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,888	37,248	28,480	47,991	53,072	43,413
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,392	32,640	27,008	41,453	45,136	38,044
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	60	35	20	5,970	2,835	3,135
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	54,706	43,921	0	61,045	67,304	55,397
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	44,967	34,724	0	48,644	52,481	45,180
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	695	360	330	108,935	53,905	55,035
In the bottom half of the distribution	415	215	200	41,210	20,040	21,165
In the bottom decile	45	25	20	6,005	2,935	3,070
In the second decile	70	35	35	6,950	3,315	3,635
In the third decile	80	40	40	8,305	3,970	4,340
In the fourth decile	120	60	60	9,265	4,525	4,735
In the fifth decile	95	50	40	10,680	5,290	5,395
In the top half of the distribution	280	150	135	67,725	33,860	33,870
In the sixth decile	55	30	30	12,125	5,970	6,160
In the seventh decile	60	30	30	13,040	6,525	6,515
In the eighth decile	55	30	30	14,565	7,250	7,315
In the ninth decile	55	30	25	15,540	7,800	7,735
In the top decile	55	30	25	12,455	6,315	6,145
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	695	365	330	108,935	53,900	55,030
0 to 17 years	130	80	55	32,435	16,680	15,750
0 to 5 years	40	25	10	11,315	5,835	5,485
18 to 64 years	405	210	195	66,915	32,700	34,210
65 years and over	160	80	85	9,590	4,520	5,070
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	85	45	40	9,435	4,530	4,905
0 to 17 years	10	5	5	3,570	1,835	1,735
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	1,050	545	505
18 to 64 years	50	30	20	5,115	2,385	2,735
65 years and over	20	10	10	745	310	435
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	12.2	12.3	12.1	8.7	8.4	8.9
0 to 17 years (%)	7.7	6.3	9.1	11.0	11.0	11.0
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	20.0	0.0	9.3	9.3	9.2
18 to 64 years (%)	12.3	14.3	10.3	7.6	7.3	8.0
65 years and over (%)	12.5	12.5	11.8	7.8	6.9	8.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30	15	10	4,855	2,375	2,475
0 to 17 years	5	5	0	1,715	885	830
0 to 5 years	0	5	0	520	270	250
18 to 64 years	20	10	10	2,885	1,370	1,510
65 years and over	0	0	5	255	120	135
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.3	4.1	3.0	4.5	4.4	4.5
0 to 17 years (%)	3.8	6.3	0.0	5.3	5.3	5.3
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	20.0	0.0	4.6	4.6	4.6
18 to 64 years (%)	4.9	4.8	5.1	4.3	4.2	4.4
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	5.9	2.7	2.7	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	785	390	395	108,935	53,905	55,035
Official languages	785	385	395	107,245	53,305	53,940
English	525	250	275	107,110	53,245	53,865
French	695	345	345	8,800	3,570	5,230
Non-official languages	85	25	60	45,600	22,140	23,455
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	25	60	45,595	22,140	23,455
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	4,570	2,420	2,150
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	10	0	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Bilen	0	0	0	10	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	50	20	25
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	4,525	2,405	2,110
Amharic	0	0	0	25	10	15
Arabic	0	0	0	4,130	2,195	1,935
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	170	85	80
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	60	30	30
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	65	40	30
Maltese	0	0	0	130	75	55
Tigrigna	0	0	0	20	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	565	245	315
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	535	230	305
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	2,615	1,060	1,550
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	115	60	65
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	0	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	45	25	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	140	75	60
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	2,430	965	1,465
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	195	85	105
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	110	50	65
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	70	30	40
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	1,875	970	910
Kannada	0	0	0	105	65	40
Malayalam	0	0	0	390	200	185
Tamil	0	0	0	1,130	580	550
Telugu	0	0	0	375	195	175
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	85	25	60	32,565	15,950	16,615
Albanian	0	0	0	175	80	90
Armenian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	4,875	2,420	2,455
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	4,855	2,410	2,445
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	90	40	50
Bulgarian	0	0	0	85	40	35
Croatian	0	0	0	865	455	415
Czech	0	0	0	125	45	80
Macedonian	0	0	0	225	105	120
Polish	0	0	0	2,295	1,085	1,205
Russian	0	0	0	715	370	345
Serbian	0	0	0	395	200	195
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	45	30	15
Slovak	0	0	0	35	15	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	65	35	30
Ukrainian	0	0	0	395	210	180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages	45	15	25	1,215	590	625
Afrikaans	0	0	0	80	30	45
Danish	0	0	0	50	15	35
Dutch	0	0	0	295	145	150
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	0
German	35	20	20	755	390	370
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Swedish	0	0	0	35	15	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	370	165	200
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	18,405	9,115	9,290
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	17,430	8,630	8,805
Bengali	0	0	0	565	285	280
Gujarati	0	0	0	1,080	490	590
Hindi	0	0	0	3,545	1,680	1,870
Kashmiri	0	0	0	15	10	0
Konkani	0	0	0	85	35	50
Marathi	0	0	0	80	50	35
Nepali	0	0	0	35	10	25
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	3,820	1,965	1,850
Sindhi	0	0	0	335	185	150
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	225	105	120
Urdu	0	0	0	11,345	5,705	5,635
Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,150	575	575
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pashto	0	0	0	330	160	170
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	865	445	420
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	45	50
Italic (Romance) languages	40	10	35	7,855	3,745	4,105
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	1,895	1,000	900
Portuguese	0	0	0	2,100	1,025	1,075
Romanian	0	0	0	500	240	260
Spanish	45	10	35	3,530	1,550	1,985
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	145	80	65
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	505	240	260
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	755	340	420
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	180	80	100
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ganda	0	0	0	30	15	15
Igbo	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	60	15	40
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	25	0	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Shona	0	0	0	25	15	10
Swahili	0	0	0	115	60	55
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	185	90	95
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	135	60	75
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Dinka	0	0	0	20	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sign languages	0	0	0	345	120	225
American Sign Language	0	0	0	280	105	170
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	90	25	65
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	2,005	915	1,090
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,975	905	1,075
Cantonese	0	0	0	760	380	385
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,280	540	740
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	60	25	30
Lao	0	0	0	25	10	15
Thai	0	0	0	35	15	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	265	135	135
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	255	125	135
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	230	110	120
Estonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	185	85	95
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	785	385	395	108,935	53,900	55,030
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	775	375	395	99,725	49,480	50,245
Canadian citizens aged under 18	185	85	100	30,635	15,495	15,140
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	585	295	290	69,085	33,980	35,100
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	10	10	0	9,215	4,425	4,790
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	785	390	400	108,935	53,900	55,035
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	725	360	360	68,880	34,325	34,555
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	55	25	35	39,105	19,130	19,980
Before 1981	45	15	30	6,545	3,330	3,210
1981 to 1990	0	0	10	4,320	2,125	2,195
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	8,740	4,380	4,360
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	13,870	6,525	7,350
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	7,675	3,640	4,035
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	6,200	2,885	3,310
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	5,635	2,765	2,865
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	10	0	950	450	505
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	55	20	30	39,105	19,125	19,975
Under 5 years	10	0	0	4,810	2,505	2,305
5 to 14 years	10	0	10	7,555	3,860	3,690
15 to 24 years	15	0	10	7,450	3,275	4,175
25 to 44 years	20	10	10	16,310	8,115	8,200
45 years and over	0	0	0	2,975	1,370	1,615
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	55	25	30	39,105	19,130	19,975
Americas	35	10	25	5,485	2,620	2,860
Brazil	0	0	0	270	110	155
Colombia	0	0	0	705	325	380
El Salvador	0	0	0	135	80	60
Guyana	0	0	0	370	175	190
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	1,010	465	545
Mexico	0	0	0	265	130	135
Peru	0	0	0	205	85	115
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	515	280	235
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	20	10	15	1,010	490	525
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	990	475	510
Europe	25	15	10	8,925	4,465	4,460
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	195	90	105
Croatia	0	0	0	290	185	100
France	10	0	0	85	45	50
Germany	10	10	0	345	185	160
Greece	0	0	0	95	40	55
Hungary	0	0	0	100	50	50
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	180	75	110
Italy	0	0	0	690	370	325
Netherlands	10	0	0	195	115	75
Poland	0	0	0	1,540	700	835
Portugal	0	0	0	815	395	415
Romania	0	0	0	405	205	200
Russian Federation	0	0	0	200	100	100
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	115	55	60
Ukraine	0	0	0	230	95	130
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	10	0	2,540	1,325	1,210
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	910	425	490
Africa	0	0	0	2,870	1,435	1,440
Algeria	0	0	0	30	10	15
Egypt	0	0	0	1,220	630	590
Ethiopia	0	0	0	30	20	10
Kenya	0	0	0	140	60	80
Morocco	0	0	0	30	10	15
Nigeria	0	0	0	310	165	140
Somalia	0	0	0	60	35	25
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	165	60	105
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	895	440	455
Asia	0	0	0	21,730	10,560	11,170
Afghanistan	0	0	0	475	260	215
Bangladesh	0	0	0	355	180	170
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	995	430	565
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	250	105	150
India	0	0	0	4,790	2,310	2,480
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	145	85	70
Iraq	0	0	0	900	490	410
Japan	0	0	0	45	20	25
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	355	145	205
Lebanon	0	0	0	230	120	110
Pakistan	0	0	0	7,320	3,670	3,650
Philippines	0	0	0	2,470	1,050	1,415
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	680	345	340
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	145	80	65
Taiwan	0	0	0	35	10	20
Viet Nam	0	0	0	435	195	240
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	2,100	1,065	1,035
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	95	50	45
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	5,635	2,765	2,865
Americas	0	0	0	750	375	370
Brazil	0	0	0	60	25	35
Colombia	0	0	0	100	40	60
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	50	30	15
Mexico	0	0	0	65	35	30
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	255	135	120
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	75	45	30
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	145	75	70
Europe	0	0	0	350	170	185
France	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	150	95	55
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	95	25	70
Africa	0	0	0	670	340	335
Algeria	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	20	10	10
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	420	210	205
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	80	45	35
Somalia	0	0	0	30	20	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	85	35	45
Asia	0	0	0	3,850	1,885	1,970
Afghanistan	0	0	0	60	45	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0	65	30	35
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	150	70	75
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	20	10	10
India	0	0	0	870	425	440
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	390	210	170
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	20	15
Nepal	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	1,210	605	610
Philippines	0	0	0	475	170	310
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	115	55	55
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	30	0	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	55	30	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	150	85	65
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	140	70	75
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Australia	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	785	390	395	108,935	53,900	55,035
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	60	30	35	40,515	19,800	20,720
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	75	20	55	32,635	16,255	16,380
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	650	340	305	35,790	17,850	17,935
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	0	10	32,905	15,985	16,920
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	0	10	19,225	9,810	9,420
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	6,680	4,855	1,825
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	10	12,550	4,950	7,595
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	9,555	3,965	5,590
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	3,920	2,115	1,810
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	205	100	105
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	780	390	400	108,935	53,900	55,035
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	10	0	1,040	555	490
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	935	510	430
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	595	295	300
Métis	0	0	0	325	205	120
Inuk (Inuit)	0	10	0	20	15	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	50	10	35
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	55	30	30
Non-Aboriginal identity	775	385	395	107,890	53,350	54,545
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	785	390	400	108,935	53,900	55,035
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	10	0	0	275	120	150
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	780	385	390	108,655	53,780	54,880
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	780	385	395	108,935	53,905	55,030
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	0	10	95	50	45
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	10	95	50	40
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	70	30	40
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	25	20	10
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	0	0	0	1,525	720	805
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	10	0	0	1,490	705	785
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	1,045	480	560
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	420	220	205
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	15	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	35	10	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	15	15
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	775	390	385	107,315	53,130	54,185
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	785	390	395	108,935	53,900	55,035
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	20	0	15	46,615	22,855	23,760
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	22,895	11,385	11,510
Chinese	0	0	0	2,490	1,170	1,325
Black	10	0	0	5,280	2,615	2,670
Filipino	0	0	0	4,195	1,835	2,360
Latin American	15	0	10	2,575	1,115	1,460
Arab	0	0	0	3,810	2,045	1,770
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	900	410	485
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	1,010	520	490
Korean	0	0	0	580	285	295
Japanese	0	0	0	355	195	165
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	1,015	510	505
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	1,505	775	725
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	765	380	385	62,320	31,045	31,270
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	785	385	395	108,935	53,905	55,035
North American Aboriginal origins	10	0	15	1,620	765	855
First Nations (North American Indian)	15	0	10	1,150	525	625
Inuit	0	0	0	30	10	15
Métis	0	0	0	475	245	230
Other North American origins	470	255	215	21,070	10,420	10,645
Acadian	15	0	15	90	35	50
American	10	0	10	1,110	525	590
Canadian	440	240	200	20,245	10,025	10,225
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	10	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	70	45	30
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Québécois	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	445	200	245	58,385	28,920	29,465
British Isles origins	240	115	130	34,020	16,580	17,445
Channel Islander	0	0	0	20	15	0
Cornish	0	0	0	15	10	10
English	75	30	45	18,905	9,130	9,775
Irish	115	55	60	13,905	6,705	7,200
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	0
Scottish	95	30	60	15,385	7,440	7,940
Welsh	25	10	10	1,285	615	670
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	15	10	10	2,995	1,425	1,565
French origins	250	105	140	6,190	2,900	3,290
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Breton	0	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	250	105	140	6,180	2,905	3,285
Western European origins (except French origins)	100	40	65	10,840	5,265	5,570
Austrian	0	0	0	545	305	240
Bavarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belgian	25	0	20	270	160	105
Dutch	20	0	20	3,245	1,605	1,640
Flemish	0	0	0	30	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	60	35	25	7,330	3,490	3,840
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0	325	160	165
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	1,645	825	820
Danish	0	0	0	410	195	215
Finnish	0	0	0	470	230	240
Icelandic	0	0	0	110	60	50
Norwegian	0	0	0	320	160	160
Swedish	0	0	0	405	225	180
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Eastern European origins	0	0	10	10,415	5,055	5,360
Bulgarian	0	0	0	165	95	70
Byelorussian	0	0	0	115	65	50
Czech	0	0	0	305	130	175
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	120	55	70
Estonian	0	0	0	145	75	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	925	400	525
Latvian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Lithuanian	0	0	0	210	95	110
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	5,275	2,615	2,655
Romanian	0	0	0	795	415	380
Russian	0	0	0	915	450	460
Slovak	0	0	0	200	85	120
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,715	1,335	1,380
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Southern European origins	50	30	25	18,175	9,180	8,990
Albanian	0	0	0	190	90	95
Bosnian	0	0	0	185	80	110
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	1,420	745	675
Cypriot	0	0	0	55	30	20
Greek	0	0	0	1,055	495	560
Italian	30	15	15	8,345	4,350	3,995
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	495	255	235
Maltese	0	0	0	725	380	345
Montenegrin	0	0	0	10	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	4,720	2,440	2,285
Serbian	0	0	0	580	300	280
Sicilian	15	10	10	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	340	205	140
Spanish	10	10	0	1,790	775	1,020
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	125	45	75
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other European origins	0	10	0	275	155	120
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	110	75	40
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	15	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	100	50	55
Caribbean origins	10	0	10	4,605	2,280	2,325
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bahamian	10	0	10	15	10	10
Barbadian	0	0	0	375	160	215
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cuban	0	0	0	145	55	85
Dominican	0	0	0	80	30	45
Grenadian	0	0	0	100	50	50
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	2,640	1,300	1,340
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	35	15	25
St. Lucian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	820	430	390
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	105	65	40
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	610	290	320
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	110	55	55
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	4,300	2,045	2,255
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	155	95	65
Arawak	0	0	0	0	10	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	165	90	75
Belizean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	325	135	190
Chilean	10	10	10	220	90	130
Colombian	0	0	0	1,150	520	630
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	160	70	85
Guatemalan	0	0	0	120	45	70
Guyanese	0	0	0	720	365	360
Hispanic	0	0	0	40	15	20
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	490	250	240
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	45	20	25
Panamanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Paraguayan	0	0	0	15	15	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	325	150	175
Salvadorean	0	0	0	165	60	105
Uruguayan	0	0	0	105	45	55
Venezuelan	0	0	0	230	125	105
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	120	60	65
African origins	0	0	0	4,710	2,350	2,360
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	970	495	480
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	15	10	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	90	45	40
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	50	20	25
Edo	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	290	150	135
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	320	175	150
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	160	70	90
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	75	25	50
North African origins	0	0	0	1,980	1,010	970
Algerian	0	0	0	30	0	25
Berber	0	0	0	20	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	160	70	90
Dinka	0	0	0	15	15	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	1,715	900	815
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	70	20	50
Sudanese	0	0	0	55	35	25
Tunisian	0	0	0	25	10	15
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	835	400	435
Afrikaner	0	0	0	15	10	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Burundian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	50	20	30
Ethiopian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	60	20	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mauritian	0	0	0	55	40	20
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	20	0	15
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	130	55	75
South African	0	0	0	205	95	110
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	65	40	25
Zambian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	30	20	15
Zulu	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	100	60	45
Other African origins	0	0	0	965	460	505
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	105	40	60
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	870	425	450
Asian origins	15	0	10	37,705	18,670	19,030
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	15	10	10	5,450	2,900	2,555
Afghan	0	0	0	835	415	425
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	660	365	300
Armenian	0	0	0	135	55	75
Assyrian	0	0	0	220	135	80
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iranian	0	0	0	485	275	205
Iraqi	0	0	0	955	525	435
Israeli	0	0	0	50	35	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	135	80	60
Kazakh	0	0	0	20	20	0
Kurd	0	0	0	30	15	20
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	775	380	390
Palestinian	0	0	0	600	325	270
Pashtun	0	0	0	150	85	70
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syrian	15	0	10	310	165	145
Tajik	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	15	10	10	390	185	205
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	25	20	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	300	150	140
South Asian origins	0	0	0	22,680	11,350	11,335
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	265	115	150
Bengali	0	0	0	195	90	105
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	12,775	6,355	6,420
Goan	0	0	0	150	80	75
Gujarati	0	0	0	70	35	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	30	15	10
Nepali	0	0	0	35	10	25
Pakistani	0	0	0	7,880	3,985	3,895
Punjabi	0	0	0	975	470	505
Sinhalese	0	0	0	75	30	40
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	900	455	445
Tamil	0	0	0	310	185	120
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	1,510	775	740
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	9,920	4,620	5,295
Burmese	0	0	0	20	0	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chinese	0	0	0	3,765	1,815	1,950
Filipino	0	0	0	4,525	2,050	2,475
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	95	30	60
Japanese	0	0	0	515	265	250
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	645	315	330
Laotian	0	0	0	55	25	35
Malaysian	0	0	0	75	40	40
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	25	0	25
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	40	25	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	785	350	435
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	110	55	55
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	540	265	275
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	540	265	275
Oceania origins	0	0	0	160	70	90
Australian	0	0	0	120	40	75
New Zealander	0	0	0	20	15	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	25	20	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	310	...	...	34,260	...	...
Owner	275	...	...	29,415	...	...
Renter	35	...	...	4,840	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	310	...	...	34,260	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	3,190	...	...
Not condominium	315	...	...	31,070	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	315	...	...	34,255	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	25	...	...	1,285	...	...
2 bedrooms	45	...	...	3,460	...	...
3 bedrooms	140	...	...	15,035	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	100	...	...	14,465	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	310	...	...	34,255	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	30	...	...	4,285	...	...
5 rooms	30	...	...	4,685	...	...
6 rooms	65	...	...	6,145	...	...
7 rooms	50	...	...	6,490	...	...
8 or more rooms	135	...	...	12,650	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.5	...	...	7.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	315	...	...	34,255	...	...
One person or fewer per room	315	...	...	33,385	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	875	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	310	...	...	34,260	...	...
Suitable	310	...	...	32,725	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	1,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	310	...	...	34,260	...	...
1960 or before	115	...	...	2,130	...	...
1961 to 1980	80	...	...	5,490	...	...
1981 to 1990	40	...	...	1,885	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	970	...	...
2001 to 2005	20	...	...	6,810	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	9,400	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	10	...	...	7,570	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	315	...	...	34,255	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	310	...	...	33,355	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	905	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	310	...	...	34,255	...	...
1 household maintainer	180	...	...	15,715	...	...
2 household maintainers	125	...	...	17,710	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	830	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	310	...	...	34,255	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	165	...	...
25 to 34 years	25	...	...	5,075	...	...
35 to 44 years	65	...	...	10,695	...	...
45 to 54 years	40	...	...	8,395	...	...
55 to 64 years	85	...	...	5,010	...	...
65 to 74 years	70	...	...	3,225	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	1,210	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	480	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	295	...	...	34,055	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	255	...	...	25,555	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	45	...	...	8,505	...	...
30% to less than 100%	35	...	...	7,610	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	270	...	...	29,265	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	42.6	...	...	80.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.2	...	...	22.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	591	...	...	1,917	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	916	...	...	1,875	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	300,426	...	...	598,650	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	428,401	...	...	622,911	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25	...	...	4,835	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	7.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	42.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,615	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,522	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	620	315	305	80,555	39,285	41,280
No certificate, diploma or degree	90	55	40	9,640	4,710	4,930
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	145	75	70	19,650	9,885	9,765
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	390	185	200	51,270	24,690	26,580
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	95	60	35	3,745	2,645	1,095
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	75	40	35	1,815	1,130	685
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	20	20	0	1,930	1,520	410
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	90	35	60	17,290	7,900	9,390
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	35	15	15	2,045	980	1,075
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	170	75	95	28,185	13,165	15,025
Bachelor's degree	90	40	55	19,475	8,860	10,620
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10	1,800	770	1,030
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	15	0	690	300	390
Master's degree	25	10	15	5,725	2,920	2,810
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	15	0	10	495	320	170
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	405	210	200	59,590	28,935	30,660
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	35	20	3,270	1,820	1,455
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	70	45	30	12,240	6,285	5,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	285	130	150	44,080	20,830	23,245
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80	50	30	2,685	1,905	780
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	65	30	30	1,325	820	510
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	20	20	0	1,360	1,085	275
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	80	30	50	14,775	6,735	8,040
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	10	1,720	785	930
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	105	45	60	24,900	11,405	13,495
Bachelor's degree	65	25	35	17,090	7,645	9,450
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	0	10	1,560	630	930
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	0	0	600	245	355
Master's degree	10	10	0	5,255	2,655	2,605
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	390	230	165
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	620	310	305	80,560	39,285	41,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	235	130	105	29,290	14,595	14,690
Education	25	10	20	2,805	525	2,280
13. Education	25	10	15	2,805	525	2,275
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	35	15	25	1,630	720	915
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	295	255	35
50. Visual and performing arts	30	10	20	1,335	460	875
Humanities	25	15	10	3,150	970	2,175
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	250	35	210
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	850	160	695
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	15	1,230	385	845
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	25	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	130	75	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	120	75	45
54. History	10	0	0	410	210	200
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	140	20	120
Social and behavioural sciences and law	55	10	45	6,855	2,095	4,760
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	35	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	10	670	260	410
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	1,230	70	1,155
22. Legal professions and studies	15	0	0	990	305	685
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	80	15	70
42. Psychology	10	0	15	1,070	265	805
45. Social sciences	10	10	10	2,780	1,175	1,610
Business, management and public administration	65	30	35	12,980	5,805	7,175
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	660	85	575
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	60	25	35	12,310	5,710	6,600
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20	20	0	2,665	1,145	1,520
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	1,205	420	790
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	685	300	385
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	25	10	10
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	630	385	250
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	110	30	85
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	3,260	2,240	1,015
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	2,685	1,970	715
25. Library science	0	0	0	95	10	85
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	430	235	195
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	40	25	20
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	55	55	0	9,315	8,330	985
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	460	325	135
14. Engineering	0	0	0	3,760	3,095	665
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,715	1,600	120
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	1,135	1,115	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	25	20	0	1,535	1,505	35
48. Precision production	20	20	0	715	690	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	595	370	230
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	15	390	235	155
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	210	135	70
Health and related fields	55	20	35	5,665	1,235	4,430
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	10	0	680	310	375
51. Health professions and related programs	45	15	25	4,830	865	3,965
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	155	60	95
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	15	20	2,345	1,250	1,095
12. Personal and culinary services	25	10	20	1,030	240	785
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	20	10
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	905	630	275
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	10	0	370	340	30
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	405	205	200	59,590	28,935	30,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	120	80	45	15,510	8,100	7,415
Education	10	0	15	2,340	415	1,925
13. Education	15	0	10	2,340	420	1,920
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	20	1,370	585	790
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	250	215	35
50. Visual and performing arts	20	0	15	1,115	365	750
Humanities	15	10	10	2,605	760	1,840
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	200	35	165
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	725	120	605
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	1,010	300	715
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	0	110	65	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	95	55	35
54. History	0	0	0	340	175	165
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	115	15	95
Social and behavioural sciences and law	35	0	25	5,945	1,745	4,200
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	40	10	30
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	600	220	385
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,065	50	1,015
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	10	875	270	605
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	70	15	60
42. Psychology	10	0	10	925	210	715
45. Social sciences	10	10	0	2,370	975	1,395
Business, management and public administration	50	15	30	11,660	5,205	6,455
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	15	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	600	80	520
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	40	20	25	11,045	5,110	5,935
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	2,215	885	1,325
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	1,020	320	700
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	595	255	340
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	10	0	25	15	10
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	480	280	200
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	90	20	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	3,070	2,130	940
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	2,600	1,895	705
25. Library science	0	0	0	75	15	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	360	200	160
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	50	50	0	7,710	6,780	935
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	410	285	120
14. Engineering	0	0	0	3,285	2,650	635
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	10	0	1,395	1,285	110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	935	920	20
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	1,185	1,160	30
48. Precision production	15	15	0	500	485	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	10	10	485	295	195
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	0	10	300	175	125
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	185	120	70
Health and related fields	40	15	20	4,775	1,045	3,735
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	585	260	325
51. Health professions and related programs	30	10	20	4,060	740	3,320
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	135	40	90
Personal, protective and transportation services	30	10	15	1,905	985	920
12. Personal and culinary services	25	10	15	790	160	625
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	20	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	790	530	265
49. Transportation and materials moving	10	0	0	300	270	30
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	625	315	310	80,555	39,280	41,275
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	235	130	110	29,290	14,600	14,690
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	385	185	200	51,270	24,685	26,585
Location of study inside Canada	360	170	190	35,085	16,725	18,365
Same as province or territory of residence	330	155	175	32,675	15,505	17,175
Different than province or territory of residence	25	20	15	2,410	1,215	1,190
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	10	10	16,185	7,960	8,220
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,490	805	690
Philippines	0	0	0	1,345	495	850
India	0	0	0	2,495	1,190	1,305
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,295	780	515
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	480	215	260
France	10	10	0	55	25	30
Other	15	10	10	9,025	4,450	4,570
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	405	210	195	59,590	28,930	30,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	125	75	45	15,510	8,105	7,410
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	280	130	150	44,080	20,835	23,250
Location of study inside Canada	275	125	145	30,200	14,190	16,005
Same as province or territory of residence	255	120	140	28,200	13,215	14,985
Different than province or territory of residence	15	0	10	1,995	975	1,025
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	0	13,880	6,640	7,240
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,365	710	650
Philippines	0	0	0	1,185	435	745
India	0	0	0	2,195	1,020	1,180
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	865	515	345
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	400	175	225
France	10	0	0	50	25	30
Other	0	0	0	7,830	3,755	4,065
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	620	310	310	80,560	39,280	41,275
In the labour force	370	185	190	59,815	31,340	28,475
Employed	355	175	185	56,485	29,785	26,705
Unemployed	10	10	10	3,330	1,555	1,775
Not in the labour force	250	130	120	20,740	7,945	12,795
Participation rate	59.7	59.7	61.3	74.2	79.8	69.0
Employment rate	57.3	56.5	59.7	70.1	75.8	64.7
Unemployment rate	2.7	5.4	5.3	5.6	5.0	6.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	620	310	305	80,560	39,280	41,275
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	215	105	110	19,325	7,260	12,065
Worked	405	210	195	61,230	32,025	29,210
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	195	110	85	35,285	20,325	14,965
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	215	100	115	25,950	11,700	14,245
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.8	43.2	42.3	43.7	44.9	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	375	180	185	59,815	31,340	28,475
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	1,040	450	585
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	360	180	180	58,780	30,885	27,895
Employee	250	110	140	52,295	26,780	25,520
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	110	70	45	6,485	4,105	2,380
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	370	185	185	59,815	31,340	28,475
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	10	1,035	455	585
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	360	180	180	58,780	30,880	27,895
0 Management occupations	50	35	15	8,810	5,450	3,355
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	35	10	25	10,510	3,445	7,065
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	10	0	6,005	4,800	1,205
3 Health occupations	45	0	45	2,915	555	2,360
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	30	15	15	7,195	2,105	5,090
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	20	1,480	615	870
6 Sales and service occupations	85	30	60	12,395	5,645	6,755
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	55	45	0	6,665	6,210	450
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	15	15	0	605	425	180
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	2,205	1,630	575
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	370	185	190	59,820	31,340	28,480
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	1,040	455	585
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	360	180	185	58,775	30,885	27,895
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	30	20	15	460	235	225
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	95	65	25
22 Utilities	0	0	0	325	230	100
23 Construction	15	20	0	3,550	3,050	500
31-33 Manufacturing	25	20	10	5,905	4,135	1,765
41 Wholesale trade	20	10	10	3,925	2,320	1,600
44-45 Retail trade	35	20	20	6,950	3,495	3,450
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	20	15	10	3,710	2,655	1,050
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,510	990	520
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	4,615	2,170	2,450
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	10	10	0	1,045	550	495
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	40	20	20	5,470	3,215	2,255
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	180	60	120
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	10	10	2,345	1,285	1,060
61 Educational services	40	10	25	4,710	1,240	3,470
62 Health care and social assistance	50	0	40	4,965	755	4,210
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	10	0	955	475	475
72 Accommodation and food services	35	10	25	2,940	1,305	1,635
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	2,085	940	1,150
91 Public administration	10	10	10	3,040	1,705	1,335
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	355	175	185	56,485	29,780	26,705
Worked at home	55	20	30	4,305	2,110	2,195
Worked outside Canada	10	10	0	280	175	105
No fixed workplace address	45	45	0	5,930	4,320	1,610
Worked at usual place	250	100	145	45,980	23,180	22,800
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	250	100	145	45,975	23,175	22,795
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10	10	0	12,320	5,315	7,010
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	115	40	75	6,150	2,745	3,400
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	130	60	70	27,420	15,050	12,375
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	85	70	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	295	150	150	51,905	27,495	24,410
Car, truck, van - as a driver	280	145	140	43,045	23,525	19,515
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	0	0	2,740	1,035	1,700
Public transit	10	0	0	4,260	2,090	2,175
Walked	10	0	10	1,145	480	665
Bicycle	0	0	0	200	145	55
Other method	0	0	0	510	220	295
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	300	145	155	51,900	27,495	24,410
Less than 15 minutes	55	30	25	9,980	4,330	5,650
15 to 29 minutes	120	45	75	11,020	5,300	5,720
30 to 44 minutes	85	45	45	13,915	7,795	6,120
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	10	7,355	4,215	3,135
60 minutes and over	30	30	0	9,635	5,855	3,780
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	300	145	150	51,900	27,500	24,405
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	15	10	10	4,170	3,175	995
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	80	50	30	9,210	5,440	3,770
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	85	30	55	15,585	7,585	8,005
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	60	25	35	10,160	4,695	5,470
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	15	10	5,755	2,605	3,145
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	35	20	15	7,020	3,990	3,025
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	415	210	205	62,905	32,800	30,100
Single responses	390	190	195	61,890	32,325	29,570
Official languages	390	190	200	61,470	32,130	29,340
English	120	45	75	61,200	32,060	29,145
French	270	145	125	270	75	190
Non-official languages	0	0	0	420	190	230
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	420	190	230
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	40	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	55	35	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	40	30	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Kannada	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	105	40	65
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	95	35	60
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	20
Hindi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	30	10	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	60	40	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	40	25	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
American Sign Language	0	0	0	50	20	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Chinese languages	0	0	0	40	15	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	25	0	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	25	20	0	1,010	475	535
English and French	15	15	0	335	130	205
English and non-official language	10	0	0	670	335	330
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	415	215	205	62,905	32,800	30,100
None	280	150	130	59,625	31,215	28,405
English	85	40	40	420	180	245
French	50	15	30	1,080	390	685
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,740	990	755
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,740	990	750
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	20	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	785	390	400	107,350	53,110	54,240
Non-movers	705	360	350	93,260	46,170	47,085
Movers	80	25	45	14,095	6,940	7,150
Non-migrants	20	0	10	5,720	2,730	2,990
Migrants	60	20	35	8,370	4,210	4,160
Internal migrants	55	20	35	7,265	3,675	3,595
Intraprovincial migrants	55	20	35	6,885	3,475	3,410
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	385	200	185
External migrants	0	0	0	1,100	535	565
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	745	365	380	99,630	49,110	50,520
Non-movers	605	305	310	50,965	25,260	25,710
Movers	140	65	75	48,665	23,855	24,810
Non-migrants	40	15	20	17,445	8,540	8,900
Migrants	100	45	55	31,220	15,310	15,910
Internal migrants	90	45	55	25,720	12,630	13,085
Intraprovincial migrants	85	35	50	24,440	12,020	12,420
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	1,280	610	670
External migrants	10	0	0	5,500	2,685	2,820

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^E

use with caution
After the release of the 2016 or 2011 Census population and dwelling counts, issues affecting the data are occasionally uncovered. It is not possible to make changes to the 2016 or 2011 Census data presented in release tables.
Refer to the 2016 population and dwelling count amendments or the 2011 population and dwelling count amendments for further information.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Hatley, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Milton, T [Census subdivision], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hatley, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Milton, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

Census Profile, 2016 Census Hatley, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Milton, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Hatley, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Milton, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario