Census Profile, 2016 Census
Aston-Jonction, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Duncan [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Aston-Jonction, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Duncan British Columbia [Census agglomeration]
	Data quality , Aston-Jonction, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Aston-Jonction, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Duncan [Census agglomeration], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	424	...	...	44,451	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	410	...	...	43,252	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	174	...	...	19,732	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	166	...	...	18,744	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	16.2	...	...	118.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	26.22	...	...	373.71	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	425	215	210	44,450	21,495	22,955
0 to 14 years	100	45	50	6,760	3,395	3,370
0 to 4 years	35	20	20	2,090	1,065	1,030
5 to 9 years	35	20	15	2,335	1,165	1,170
10 to 14 years	30	15	15	2,330	1,165	1,170
15 to 64 years	265	130	135	26,940	13,010	13,935
15 to 19 years	30	10	15	2,400	1,215	1,180
20 to 24 years	20	10	10	1,950	1,030	925
25 to 29 years	20	15	10	2,065	1,030	1,035
30 to 34 years	35	15	20	2,295	1,100	1,200
35 to 39 years	35	15	20	2,315	1,100	1,215
40 to 44 years	25	15	20	2,345	1,130	1,215
45 to 49 years	20	15	10	2,610	1,225	1,385
50 to 54 years	15	10	5	3,390	1,630	1,755
55 to 59 years	25	10	15	3,775	1,760	2,010
60 to 64 years	30	15	15	3,800	1,795	2,005
65 years and over	60	35	25	10,745	5,095	5,655
65 to 69 years	35	15	15	3,655	1,810	1,845
70 to 74 years	15	10	5	2,580	1,235	1,345
75 to 79 years	10	5	5	1,850	890	960
80 to 84 years	5	0	0	1,285	620	665
85 years and over	0	5	0	1,385	545	840
85 to 89 years	5	0	0	845	370	480
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	415	150	265
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	105	25	80
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.5	20.9	23.8	15.2	15.8	14.7
15 to 64 years	62.4	60.5	64.3	60.6	60.5	60.7
65 years and over	14.1	16.3	11.9	24.2	23.7	24.6
85 years and over	0.0	2.3	0.0	3.1	2.5	3.7
Average age of the population	36.8	37.7	35.9	45.4	44.7	46.1
Median age of the population	36.1	36.6	35.5	49.0	48.1	49.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	165	...	...	18,745	...	...
Single-detached house	145	...	...	12,245	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	20	...	...	5,765	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	1,010	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,160	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	15	...	...	825	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	2,660	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	110	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	165	...	...	18,745	...	...
1 person	45	...	...	5,540	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	7,510	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	2,435	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	2,000	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	1,260	...	...
Number of persons in private households	425	...	...	43,165	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	325	165	160	37,685	18,105	19,585
Married or living common law	205	105	100	22,065	11,000	11,060
Married	120	60	60	17,725	8,840	8,885
Living common law	90	45	45	4,340	2,160	2,180
Not married and not living common law	115	60	55	15,620	7,100	8,520
Never married	85	45	40	8,565	4,705	3,865
Separated	5	5	5	1,285	535	755
Divorced	20	10	10	3,170	1,285	1,890
Widowed	5	0	0	2,595	575	2,015
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	115	...	...	12,940	...	...
2 persons	60	...	...	7,955	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	2,325	...	...
4 persons	25	...	...	1,850	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	820	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	120	...	...	12,945	...	...
Total couple families	105	...	...	10,760	...	...
Married couples	60	...	...	8,590	...	...
Common-law couples	45	...	...	2,170	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	15	...	...	2,185	...	...
Female parent	10	...	...	1,675	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	510	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	100	...	...	10,760	...	...
Couples without children	55	...	...	6,595	...	...
Couples with children	50	...	...	4,165	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	1,760	...	...
2 children	20	...	...	1,655	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	2,180	...	...
1 child	10	...	...	1,355	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	565	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	260	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	60	40	25	8,420	3,845	4,575
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	165	...	...	18,745	...	...
One-census-family households	115	...	...	12,130	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	50	...	...	6,270	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	65	...	...	5,855	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	395	...	...
Non-census-family households	50	...	...	6,225	...	...
One-person households	45	...	...	5,535	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	685	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	425	215	205	43,770	21,185	22,585
English only	0	0	0	41,080	20,010	21,070
French only	340	165	170	10	0	5
English and French	90	50	40	2,515	1,100	1,415
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	165	70	100
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	420	215	210	43,770	21,185	22,585
English	5	0	0	43,110	20,885	22,225
French	420	210	210	450	210	245
English and French	0	0	0	45	25	20
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	160	65	95
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	475	225	255
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.1	1.1	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	425	215	205	43,770	21,185	22,585
Single responses	420	215	205	43,380	21,010	22,365
Official languages	415	210	200	40,145	19,490	20,650
English	5	5	5	39,635	19,250	20,385
French	405	210	195	510	245	265
Non-official languages	10	5	5	3,235	1,515	1,715
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	250	120	130
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	240	115	125
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	230	110	115
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	5	2,985	1,395	1,590
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	55	25	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	190	60	130
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	145	50	100
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	5	5	2,125	1,035	1,090
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	260	115	145
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	255	115	135
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	40	10	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Russian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	5	0	1,075	520	555
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	20	15
Danish	0	0	0	80	45	45
Dutch	0	0	0	375	170	205
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	0
German	5	0	5	525	260	265
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Swedish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	505	255	250
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	490	245	245
Bengali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	445	210	230
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	260	130	130
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	85	50	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	35	15	25
Romanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	5	0	0	125	55	65
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	55	10	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	75	35	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	240	115	120
Chinese languages	0	0	0	230	110	120
Cantonese	0	0	0	105	50	55
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	100	50	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	105	45	60
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Finnish	0	0	0	40	15	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	5	390	175	215
English and French	0	0	0	70	35	35
English and non-official language	0	0	0	295	125	165
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	420	215	205	43,770	21,185	22,585
Single responses	420	215	205	43,240	20,940	22,300
Official languages	420	210	210	42,315	20,505	21,815
English	0	0	5	42,230	20,465	21,765
French	415	215	205	85	35	50
Non-official languages	5	0	0	930	440	485
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	905	430	480
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	35	15	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	50	20	25
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	495	230	270
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	5	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	95	50	50
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	10
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	25	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	55	30	30
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	315	145	165
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	310	145	165
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	285	130	150
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	5	0	0	55	20	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	20	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	70	30	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	15	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	140	75	65
Chinese languages	0	0	0	130	65	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	60	30	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	5	0	530	245	285
English and French	0	0	0	40	20	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	470	220	255
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	5	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	420	215	210	43,770	21,185	22,585
None	415	210	200	41,645	20,220	21,430
English	10	5	5	420	195	225
French	0	0	0	380	165	220
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,285	590	695
Aboriginal	0	0	0	245	110	130
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,045	480	565
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	325	165	160	36,425	17,505	18,925
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	315	160	155	35,090	16,860	18,230
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,880	30,048	22,848	30,789	38,405	25,731
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	315	160	155	35,135	16,900	18,240
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,960	27,168	22,464	28,115	34,124	24,276
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	275	140	130	30,885	15,080	15,805
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,272	29,632	17,328	27,470	35,666	21,404
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	260	130	130	26,680	11,905	14,775
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,552	7,176	8,816	8,537	9,146	8,232
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	235	125	110	24,215	12,300	11,915
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,488	29,504	18,752	26,432	33,102	21,770
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	355	175	180	36,430	17,500	18,925
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	345	175	170	35,070	16,920	18,155
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,651	38,590	28,654	40,220	48,479	32,523
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	345	175	175	35,105	16,935	18,175
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,217	32,515	25,880	34,423	40,360	28,892
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	305	155	150	30,835	15,080	15,755
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,929	35,570	23,991	37,838	46,833	29,227
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	290	150	140	26,575	11,910	14,670
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,780	7,757	9,886	9,172	9,555	8,861
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	255	125	125	24,220	12,235	11,985
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,652	30,095	23,255	35,940	43,498	28,224
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	350	175	180	36,430	17,505	18,925
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	130	80	50	9,035	5,080	3,960
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	30,002	31,039	27,624	49,193	56,337	42,059
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	30,624	32,279	27,907	55,098	61,977	46,273
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	75.8	80.9	68.7	82.8	86.5	77.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	65.2	68.9	60.6	62.0	65.9	56.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	23.9	18.1	31.0	17.2	13.5	22.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	325	165	160	36,430	17,505	18,925
Without total income	10	5	5	1,340	645	695
With total income	320	160	155	35,090	16,860	18,230
Percentage with total income	98.5	97.0	96.9	96.3	96.3	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	20	30	5,035	2,160	2,875
$10,000 to $19,999	75	30	45	6,645	2,505	4,140
$20,000 to $29,999	60	30	30	5,510	2,090	3,425
$30,000 to $39,999	45	20	20	4,465	1,980	2,485
$40,000 to $49,999	35	20	15	3,545	1,680	1,870
$50,000 to $59,999	30	20	10	2,550	1,400	1,150
$60,000 to $69,999	10	5	5	1,995	1,240	755
$70,000 to $79,999	5	5	0	1,480	985	495
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	1,135	770	365
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	785	540	245
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	1,950	1,505	440
$100,000 to $149,999	5	5	5	1,450	1,115	335
$150,000 and over	0	5	0	495	390	105
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	325	165	160	36,430	17,505	18,925
Without after-tax income	10	5	5	1,290	605	685
With after-tax income	320	160	155	35,140	16,900	18,240
Percentage with after-tax income	98.5	97.0	96.9	96.5	96.5	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	50	15	30	5,255	2,265	2,990
$10,000 to $19,999	75	35	45	7,020	2,705	4,315
$20,000 to $29,999	75	40	35	6,355	2,480	3,875
$30,000 to $39,999	50	30	25	5,040	2,280	2,760
$40,000 to $49,999	45	30	15	3,720	1,945	1,780
$50,000 to $59,999	10	5	5	2,600	1,620	980
$60,000 to $69,999	5	5	5	1,850	1,220	630
$70,000 to $79,999	0	0	5	1,270	855	415
$80,000 and over	5	5	0	2,030	1,535	495
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	0	740	555	185
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	425	315	105
$100,000 and over	5	0	0	865	660	210
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	325	165	160	36,430	17,505	18,925
Without employment income	90	45	45	12,210	5,205	7,010
With employment income	235	120	115	24,215	12,300	11,915
Percentage with employment income	72.3	72.7	71.9	66.5	70.3	63.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	35	20	15	5,175	2,570	2,605
$5,000 to $9,999	20	5	15	1,810	730	1,080
$10,000 to $19,999	40	15	25	3,225	1,290	1,935
$20,000 to $29,999	40	20	20	2,790	1,205	1,585
$30,000 to $39,999	30	15	15	2,540	1,060	1,475
$40,000 to $49,999	25	15	5	2,015	935	1,080
$50,000 to $59,999	15	15	5	1,565	860	705
$60,000 to $69,999	5	5	0	1,285	825	460
$70,000 to $79,999	5	0	5	1,075	715	360
$80,000 and over	5	5	0	2,740	2,105	635
$80,000 to $89,999	5	0	0	825	570	255
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	570	415	150
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	1,345	1,115	230
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	165	...	...	18,745	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	53,248	...	...	60,979	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	46,720	...	...	54,418	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	40	...	...	5,540	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,016	...	...	30,587	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,456	...	...	27,957	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	120	...	...	13,205	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	63,168	...	...	77,420	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,240	...	...	68,514	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	175	...	...	18,745	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,294	...	...	75,243	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,427	...	...	64,466	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	35	...	...	5,520	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	58,145	...	...	39,032	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,212	...	...	34,024	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	135	...	...	13,230	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,640	...	...	90,358	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	61,815	...	...	77,172	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	165	...	...	18,745	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	275	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	255	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	10	...	...	630	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	930	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	1,030	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	875	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	915	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	965	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	935	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	885	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	1,540	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	1,445	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	1,285	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	1,145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	925	...	...
$100,000 and over	15	...	...	4,705	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	10	...	...	1,840	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	1,150	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	0	...	...	1,075	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	640	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	165	...	...	18,745	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	290	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	255	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	625	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	970	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	1,200	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	980	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	1,140	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	1,105	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	1,035	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	930	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	1,780	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	1,635	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	15	...	...	1,400	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10	...	...	1,175	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	930	...	...
$100,000 and over	5	...	...	3,285	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	1,600	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	815	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	870	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	120	...	...	12,720	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,104	...	...	77,023	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	57,984	...	...	68,133	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	6,135	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	47,488	...	...	73,696	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	43,904	...	...	65,293	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.1	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	50	...	...	4,215	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	74,624	...	...	101,587	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	66,688	...	...	87,838	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.4	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	1,960	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	44,183	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	41,056	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	130	...	...	12,730	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,390	...	...	89,921	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	61,748	...	...	76,681	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	55	...	...	6,110	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,283	...	...	84,415	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	47,063	...	...	71,657	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	60	...	...	4,250	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,446	...	...	116,147	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	76,102	...	...	98,247	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	1,935	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	52,203	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	46,754	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	60	30	25	7,285	3,325	3,960
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,504	34,304	25,280	27,930	30,190	26,938
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,328	29,824	25,152	25,850	27,360	25,145
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	50	35	15	7,240	3,315	3,925
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	51,880	0	0	36,732	40,266	33,750
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,146	44,906	0	32,104	34,540	30,048
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	425	215	210	43,165	20,880	22,285
In the bottom half of the distribution	340	170	175	24,535	11,545	12,990
In the bottom decile	45	25	25	5,725	2,765	2,965
In the second decile	80	35	45	5,450	2,420	3,030
In the third decile	70	35	35	4,720	2,185	2,535
In the fourth decile	90	50	45	4,370	2,090	2,280
In the fifth decile	55	25	25	4,265	2,080	2,180
In the top half of the distribution	85	50	35	18,635	9,340	9,290
In the sixth decile	45	25	20	4,265	2,110	2,155
In the seventh decile	20	10	10	4,140	2,065	2,075
In the eighth decile	10	5	5	3,725	1,885	1,840
In the ninth decile	0	0	0	3,700	1,850	1,845
In the top decile	15	10	5	2,805	1,430	1,375
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	420	215	210	40,735	19,630	21,100
0 to 17 years	110	55	55	7,420	3,725	3,695
0 to 5 years	40	20	20	2,240	1,140	1,105
18 to 64 years	250	120	125	23,455	11,160	12,295
65 years and over	60	35	25	9,855	4,745	5,115
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	80	40	40	7,055	3,225	3,825
0 to 17 years	15	10	5	1,845	935	915
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	620	305	310
18 to 64 years	50	20	30	3,905	1,765	2,140
65 years and over	20	15	10	1,305	530	775
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.0	18.6	19.0	17.3	16.4	18.1
0 to 17 years (%)	13.6	18.2	9.1	24.9	25.1	24.8
0 to 5 years (%)	12.5	25.0	0.0	27.7	26.8	28.1
18 to 64 years (%)	20.0	16.7	24.0	16.6	15.8	17.4
65 years and over (%)	33.3	42.9	40.0	13.2	11.2	15.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20	10	10	3,045	1,510	1,535
0 to 17 years	0	5	0	720	360	360
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	250	120	125
18 to 64 years	15	5	5	2,160	1,070	1,095
65 years and over	0	0	0	160	80	75
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.8	4.7	4.8	7.5	7.7	7.3
0 to 17 years (%)	0.0	9.1	0.0	9.7	9.7	9.7
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	11.2	10.5	11.3
18 to 64 years (%)	6.0	4.2	4.0	9.2	9.6	8.9
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.6	1.7	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	480	240	240	43,165	20,880	22,285
Official languages	480	240	240	42,935	20,770	22,160
English	120	70	50	42,930	20,770	22,165
French	480	245	240	2,495	1,080	1,415
Non-official languages	15	10	10	4,800	2,185	2,615
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	445	205	235
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	420	200	220
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	410	195	215
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	4,360	1,980	2,380
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	55	35
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	90	55	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	80	45	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	90	40	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	45	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	235	80	160
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	15
Fijian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	0	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	195	60	135
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	75	40	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	45	25	20
Tamil	0	0	0	20	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	0	10	3,265	1,530	1,735
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	310	135	175
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	300	130	170
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatian	0	0	0	45	0	35
Czech	0	0	0	45	30	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	65	20	40
Russian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	60	25	40
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	20	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	1,380	660	720
Afrikaans	0	0	0	40	15	25
Danish	0	0	0	75	35	45
Dutch	0	0	0	465	205	260
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	10
German	0	0	0	765	390	370
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swedish	0	0	0	60	25	35
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	720	360	360
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	715	355	360
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	115	60	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	15	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	595	285	315
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	50	25	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	10	955	430	525
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	150	60	90
Portuguese	0	0	0	80	35	50
Romanian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Spanish	10	10	10	735	325	410
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	105	25	80
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	90	50	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	30	15	25
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	90	35	50
American Sign Language	0	0	0	40	10	35
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	235	95	140
Chinese languages	0	0	0	240	100	140
Cantonese	0	0	0	100	45	60
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	130	40	90
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	45	15	30
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	45	15	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	110	45	65
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	60	20	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	480	240	240	43,170	20,880	22,285
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	470	235	235	41,610	20,170	21,440
Canadian citizens aged under 18	145	70	80	7,990	4,000	3,990
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	320	170	155	33,620	16,170	17,450
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	10	10	0	1,555	715	840
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	480	240	240	43,165	20,885	22,285
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	460	235	230	37,130	18,100	19,035
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	15	10	0	5,805	2,675	3,135
Before 1981	0	0	0	3,605	1,710	1,895
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	560	230	325
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	495	185	315
2001 to 2010	10	0	0	620	260	360
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	270	115	155
2006 to 2010	10	0	10	350	145	205
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	525	285	240
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	10	230	110	115
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	15	10	0	5,805	2,670	3,130
Under 5 years	0	0	0	785	370	410
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,135	550	585
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	1,455	715	745
25 to 44 years	10	10	0	2,075	890	1,185
45 years and over	10	0	0	350	150	205
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	15	10	0	5,805	2,675	3,135
Americas	10	0	10	860	375	480
Brazil	0	0	0	20	10	15
Colombia	0	0	10	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	25	15	10
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	20	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	655	275	380
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	105	50	60
Europe	10	0	0	3,470	1,635	1,830
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	25	15	10
Croatia	0	0	0	20	0	15
France	10	0	0	45	15	30
Germany	0	0	0	355	215	140
Greece	0	0	0	20	10	15
Hungary	0	0	0	50	15	30
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	65	25	30
Italy	0	0	0	65	30	35
Netherlands	0	0	0	395	190	210
Poland	0	0	0	50	10	35
Portugal	0	0	0	35	15	20
Romania	0	0	0	45	20	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,970	925	1,045
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	285	125	165
Africa	0	0	0	145	80	70
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	30	10	20
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	55	20	30
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	45	25	15
Asia	0	0	0	1,155	500	650
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	130	50	80
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	25	10	15
India	0	0	0	430	200	235
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	25	10	25
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	75	40	30
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	15	20
Philippines	0	0	0	205	70	130
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	55	25	30
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Viet Nam	0	0	0	55	30	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	95	45	50
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	185	90	100
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	525	285	240
Americas	0	10	0	50	20	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	35	20	20
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	105	70	40
France	0	0	0	15	0	10
Germany	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	35	20	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	20	0
Africa	0	0	0	35	15	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15
Asia	0	0	0	305	175	130
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	55	40	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Philippines	0	0	0	80	45	30
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	15	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	480	240	240	43,165	20,885	22,285
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	20	10	10	6,350	2,940	3,410
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	0	0	8,705	4,205	4,500
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	460	230	230	28,115	13,740	14,370
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	15	10	10	2,305	1,015	1,285
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	10	10	0	1,085	525	555
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	455	260	190
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	630	270	365
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	10	0	1,045	380	660
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	150	90	60
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	15	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	480	240	240	43,165	20,880	22,285
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	15	10	0	5,770	2,775	3,000
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	5,660	2,725	2,930
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	10	0	4,660	2,300	2,365
Métis	0	0	0	975	410	565
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	0	60	35	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	45	15	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	470	235	235	37,395	18,110	19,285
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	480	240	240	43,165	20,880	22,285
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	10	0	4,260	2,075	2,180
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	475	235	235	38,905	18,805	20,100
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	480	245	240	43,170	20,880	22,285
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	10	0	3,190	1,580	1,610
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	10	10	3,170	1,570	1,600
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	3,050	1,520	1,530
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	120	55	70
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	0	0	0	2,970	1,365	1,610
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	10	0	0	2,740	1,255	1,485
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,865	865	995
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	845	365	480
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	25	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	230	110	125
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	230	110	125
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	465	235	235	37,005	17,940	19,065
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	480	240	240	43,165	20,880	22,285
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	15	10	10	2,580	1,215	1,365
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	10	0	995	515	480
Chinese	0	0	0	425	195	230
Black	0	0	0	160	75	80
Filipino	0	0	0	290	95	195
Latin American	0	0	10	95	35	55
Arab	0	0	0	75	45	30
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	175	70	100
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	85	45	40
Japanese	0	0	0	160	70	95
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	65	25	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	0	10	55	25	25
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	470	235	225	40,585	19,670	20,915
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	480	245	240	43,165	20,880	22,285
North American Aboriginal origins	15	10	0	6,165	2,940	3,220
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	0	0	5,165	2,500	2,665
Inuit	0	0	0	30	25	0
Métis	10	0	0	1,215	535	680
Other North American origins	440	225	215	11,795	5,700	6,100
Acadian	0	0	0	35	10	25
American	10	0	10	835	390	445
Canadian	435	220	210	11,185	5,415	5,765
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	30	15	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	20	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	50	20	30	32,890	15,675	17,215
British Isles origins	0	0	0	25,320	11,925	13,390
Channel Islander	0	0	0	20	15	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	0	0	0	16,990	7,840	9,145
Irish	0	0	10	7,965	3,610	4,350
Manx	0	0	0	35	10	25
Scottish	0	0	0	11,250	5,155	6,095
Welsh	0	0	0	1,755	855	900
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	1,390	605	785
French origins	50	15	30	4,185	1,865	2,320
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	50	20	30	4,185	1,865	2,320
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	0	8,890	4,375	4,510
Austrian	0	0	0	430	245	190
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	285	140	140
Dutch	0	0	0	2,895	1,375	1,520
Flemish	0	0	0	45	20	25
Frisian	0	0	0	30	15	15
German	0	0	0	5,845	2,905	2,945
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	265	115	155
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	4,540	2,115	2,425
Danish	0	0	0	885	415	470
Finnish	0	0	0	475	225	255
Icelandic	0	0	0	365	180	185
Norwegian	0	0	0	1,620	730	890
Swedish	0	0	0	1,520	725	795
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	155	65	90
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	4,565	2,210	2,360
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Czech	0	0	0	185	75	110
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	130	60	65
Estonian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	395	210	190
Latvian	0	0	0	65	20	45
Lithuanian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Polish	0	0	0	1,265	640	625
Romanian	0	0	0	235	135	100
Russian	0	0	0	815	395	415
Slovak	0	0	0	65	40	25
Ukrainian	0	0	0	2,005	930	1,075
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Southern European origins	0	0	0	2,255	1,085	1,175
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	175	90	85
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	105	60	45
Italian	0	0	0	1,365	645	725
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	270	140	135
Serbian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Slovenian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Spanish	0	0	0	335	140	195
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	260	125	135
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	120	65	50
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	115	50	65
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	120	55	70
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	60	20	40
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	280	140	140
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	55	35	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Chilean	0	0	0	55	15	40
Colombian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	10	0	0	125	65	65
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	10	0
African origins	0	0	0	280	150	135
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	25	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	55	30	20
Algerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	30	25	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	115	50	65
Afrikaner	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	25	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	70	20	50
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	95	55	40
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	70	40	35
Asian origins	0	10	0	2,505	1,160	1,340
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	175	95	80
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	55	40	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins	10	0	0	1,040	540	500
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	10	0	985	500	485
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	20	0	15
Punjabi	0	0	0	50	30	25
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	1,255	515	740
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	530	235	290
Filipino	0	0	0	300	100	200
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	35	10	20
Japanese	0	0	0	190	75	115
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	75	45	30
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	50	15	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	55	55
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	15	20
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Oceania origins	0	0	0	360	165	195
Australian	0	0	0	165	60	105
New Zealander	0	0	0	95	65	30
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	105	40	60
Fijian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	60	15	45
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	175	...	...	18,750	...	...
Owner	150	...	...	13,710	...	...
Renter	25	...	...	4,955	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	170	...	...	18,745	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	2,225	...	...
Not condominium	170	...	...	16,520	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	175	...	...	18,745	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	75	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	1,905	...	...
2 bedrooms	35	...	...	5,110	...	...
3 bedrooms	45	...	...	6,900	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	85	...	...	4,755	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	175	...	...	18,745	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	25	...	...	4,195	...	...
5 rooms	30	...	...	3,100	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	3,000	...	...
7 rooms	45	...	...	2,515	...	...
8 or more rooms	40	...	...	5,935	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.4	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	175	...	...	18,745	...	...
One person or fewer per room	170	...	...	18,565	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	175	...	...	18,745	...	...
Suitable	170	...	...	18,105	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	635	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	175	...	...	18,745	...	...
1960 or before	120	...	...	3,225	...	...
1961 to 1980	25	...	...	5,730	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	2,680	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	3,580	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	955	...	...
2006 to 2010	20	...	...	1,590	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	170	...	...	18,750	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	150	...	...	17,435	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	1,310	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	170	...	...	18,750	...	...
1 household maintainer	120	...	...	11,165	...	...
2 household maintainers	50	...	...	7,190	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	170	...	...	18,745	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	330	...	...
25 to 34 years	30	...	...	1,780	...	...
35 to 44 years	40	...	...	2,410	...	...
45 to 54 years	20	...	...	3,450	...	...
55 to 64 years	40	...	...	4,135	...	...
65 to 74 years	25	...	...	3,745	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	2,065	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	825	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	160	...	...	17,840	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	140	...	...	13,440	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	20	...	...	4,405	...	...
30% to less than 100%	20	...	...	3,895	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	140	...	...	13,030	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	60.7	...	...	53.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	16.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	692	...	...	846	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	740	...	...	1,060	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	109,883	...	...	350,012	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	128,172	...	...	397,923	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	4,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	12.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	46.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	862	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	933	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	355	175	180	36,430	17,505	18,925
No certificate, diploma or degree	105	40	60	7,020	3,625	3,390
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	75	40	35	10,760	5,145	5,620
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	175	95	80	18,650	8,735	9,915
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	90	70	25	4,305	3,210	1,090
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	75	50	25	1,815	1,055	760
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	20	20	0	2,490	2,155	330
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	40	15	25	7,305	2,595	4,710
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	1,405	480	925
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30	10	20	5,640	2,450	3,190
Bachelor's degree	25	10	20	3,525	1,450	2,075
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	525	205	320
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	225	130	100
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,165	545	620
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	190	120	75
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	240	125	115	22,085	10,435	11,650
No certificate, diploma or degree	65	30	25	2,945	1,660	1,285
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	35	20	15	6,605	3,255	3,345
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	145	70	75	12,540	5,515	7,025
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	75	55	20	2,765	2,045	720
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	60	40	20	1,110	615	495
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	0	1,655	1,430	225
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	35	10	25	5,120	1,790	3,335
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	945	320	625
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30	10	20	3,700	1,365	2,335
Bachelor's degree	25	10	15	2,375	875	1,500
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	365	120	240
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	165	75	85
Master's degree	10	10	0	705	250	460
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	90	40	55
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	350	175	180	36,430	17,505	18,925
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	175	80	100	17,780	8,770	9,015
Education	20	0	20	1,490	435	1,055
13. Education	20	0	20	1,490	435	1,055
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	550	220	325
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	85	70	15
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	465	155	315
Humanities	0	0	0	755	320	430
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	80	20	65
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	205	70	135
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	210	75	135
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	35	30	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	125	90	35
54. History	0	0	0	80	40	40
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	15	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	10	10	1,780	545	1,235
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	160	60	95
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	415	15	400
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	290	95	190
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	0	15
42. Psychology	0	0	0	320	85	235
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	550	275	270
Business, management and public administration	25	15	10	3,030	925	2,105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	300	85	220
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	15	10	2,725	845	1,885
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	600	350	250
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	260	140	120
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	95	40	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	175	140	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	70	25	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	400	245	155
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	10	300	190	115
25. Library science	0	0	0	25	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	70	45	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	55	50	0	4,280	4,045	230
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	60	35	30
14. Engineering	0	0	0	445	375	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	10	10	665	590	85
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	1,205	1,180	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	30	0	1,165	1,160	0
48. Precision production	10	0	0	730	715	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	675	445	230
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	365	225	140
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	310	225	85
Health and related fields	20	0	20	3,730	510	3,225
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	130	35	95
51. Health professions and related programs	20	0	25	3,545	435	3,110
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	60	45	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	25	10	15	1,370	695	680
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	15	855	255	600
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	30	25	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	120	85	40
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	365	330	40
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	240	125	115	22,085	10,435	11,650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	95	55	45	9,545	4,915	4,630
Education	20	0	20	820	205	620
13. Education	20	0	20	825	205	620
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	405	150	255
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	55	35	20
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	350	115	240
Humanities	0	0	0	475	205	265
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	60	15	50
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	110	35	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	150	60	95
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	25	25	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	75	55	20
54. History	0	0	0	40	15	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	10	10	1,250	300	955
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	20	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	120	35	85
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	355	15	345
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	205	50	160
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	175	45	130
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	365	155	210
Business, management and public administration	15	0	10	2,045	590	1,450
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	195	30	165
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15	10	15	1,850	565	1,290
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	380	185	195
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	160	70	95
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	80	30	50
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	110	85	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	25	0	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	10	0	280	160	120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	10	0	0	240	150	90
25. Library science	0	0	0	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	20	10	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	45	40	10	2,805	2,630	175
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	55	20	35
14. Engineering	0	0	0	260	220	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	435	370	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	875	850	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	35	30	0	685	685	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	495	490	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	455	260	200
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	0	0	240	120	120
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	215	135	80
Health and related fields	20	0	20	2,660	365	2,295
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	95	15	75
51. Health professions and related programs	20	0	15	2,525	320	2,210
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	45	25	20
Personal, protective and transportation services	15	10	10	960	470	490
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	15	655	225	435
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	15	15	0
43. Security and protective services	10	10	0	75	50	25
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	215	185	35
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	355	175	180	36,430	17,505	18,930
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	175	80	100	17,780	8,770	9,010
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	170	95	80	18,650	8,735	9,915
Location of study inside Canada	165	90	75	16,365	7,655	8,710
Same as province or territory of residence	160	85	70	12,375	5,560	6,810
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	3,990	2,095	1,890
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	10	2,290	1,080	1,205
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	565	270	295
Philippines	0	0	0	95	25	70
India	0	0	0	120	55	65
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	780	385	400
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	30	10	15
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other	0	0	10	675	320	355
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	240	120	115	22,080	10,435	11,655
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	95	55	45	9,545	4,920	4,630
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	145	70	70	12,535	5,515	7,025
Location of study inside Canada	135	70	65	11,390	5,015	6,375
Same as province or territory of residence	135	70	65	9,045	3,825	5,215
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	2,350	1,190	1,160
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	10	1,150	500	650
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	310	130	180
Philippines	0	0	0	85	15	65
India	0	0	0	70	30	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	265	120	145
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	15
France	10	0	0	10	10	0
Other	10	0	10	385	180	205
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	350	175	175	36,435	17,505	18,925
In the labour force	225	120	110	20,780	10,595	10,185
Employed	220	115	105	19,240	9,655	9,580
Unemployed	10	0	0	1,545	940	600
Not in the labour force	125	55	70	15,650	6,910	8,740
Participation rate	64.3	68.6	62.9	57.0	60.5	53.8
Employment rate	62.9	65.7	60.0	52.8	55.2	50.6
Unemployment rate	4.4	0.0	0.0	7.4	8.9	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	355	175	180	36,430	17,505	18,925
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	105	50	50	14,655	6,430	8,230
Worked	250	125	125	21,775	11,075	10,700
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	130	80	50	9,335	5,270	4,065
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	115	35	80	12,435	5,800	6,635
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.2	45.5	37.1	41.6	41.5	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	225	115	110	20,780	10,595	10,190
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	485	280	200
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	225	115	110	20,300	10,315	9,985
Employee	180	95	90	16,745	8,325	8,425
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	40	25	15	3,550	1,990	1,560
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	230	120	110	20,780	10,595	10,185
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	10	0	480	280	200
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	225	115	110	20,300	10,315	9,985
0 Management occupations	35	25	10	2,175	1,250	925
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	25	10	15	2,595	580	2,015
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	10	0	980	790	190
3 Health occupations	15	0	15	1,625	285	1,340
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	15	0	10	2,205	650	1,555
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	595	240	360
6 Sales and service occupations	40	10	35	4,975	1,820	3,160
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	50	45	0	3,470	3,300	170
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	10	0	870	715	150
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	20	15	10	815	690	120
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	230	120	105	20,780	10,595	10,185
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	485	280	205
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	225	115	110	20,300	10,320	9,985
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	10	0	1,065	770	295
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	165	155	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	85	75	10
23 Construction	10	0	0	1,795	1,630	170
31-33 Manufacturing	45	35	10	1,655	1,370	285
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	425	315	110
44-45 Retail trade	20	10	20	2,805	1,225	1,575
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	30	30	0	710	560	150
51 Information and cultural industries	10	10	0	245	120	120
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	555	150	400
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	330	185	145
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	0	10	1,005	510	495
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	0	10	1,005	570	435
61 Educational services	10	0	10	1,370	375	990
62 Health care and social assistance	20	0	20	2,860	545	2,315
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	510	220	290
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	15	1,610	595	1,015
81 Other services (except public administration)	10	10	0	985	395	585
91 Public administration	0	0	0	1,090	525	565
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	215	115	105	19,235	9,655	9,585
Worked at home	25	10	10	1,920	825	1,090
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	55	40	15
No fixed workplace address	35	20	10	2,950	2,215	735
Worked at usual place	160	80	80	14,315	6,570	7,740
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	160	80	80	14,315	6,570	7,745
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25	15	15	5,300	2,395	2,900
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	35	20	20	6,755	2,815	3,940
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	95	45	50	2,095	1,210	885
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	170	150	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	195	105	95	17,270	8,790	8,480
Car, truck, van - as a driver	165	100	70	14,165	7,255	6,905
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	15	10	10	1,080	535	545
Public transit	0	0	0	305	165	135
Walked	10	0	0	1,075	435	635
Bicycle	0	0	0	275	165	110
Other method	0	0	0	375	230	145
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	195	100	90	17,265	8,785	8,475
Less than 15 minutes	45	25	20	7,385	3,165	4,225
15 to 29 minutes	75	30	35	5,755	2,920	2,830
30 to 44 minutes	60	30	25	1,600	1,005	595
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	10	935	600	340
60 minutes and over	10	15	0	1,590	1,100	490
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	195	105	90	17,270	8,785	8,475
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	30	20	10	1,340	1,010	335
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	20	10	3,010	1,880	1,135
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	70	30	40	4,305	2,260	2,045
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	25	10	15	3,910	1,480	2,435
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	0	10	1,960	650	1,305
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	20	10	2,745	1,515	1,230
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	255	120	130	22,590	11,425	11,165
Single responses	250	125	130	22,500	11,390	11,110
Official languages	255	125	130	22,455	11,360	11,090
English	0	0	0	22,430	11,360	11,065
French	250	120	130	25	0	30
Non-official languages	0	0	0	50	30	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	15	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	90	35	55
English and French	0	0	0	20	0	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	30
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	250	120	130	22,585	11,425	11,165
None	210	105	100	22,130	11,250	10,885
English	40	10	25	50	10	40
French	10	10	0	135	60	70
Non-official language	0	0	0	250	90	160
Aboriginal	0	0	0	95	30	65
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	155	60	90
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	475	235	240	42,810	20,710	22,095
Non-movers	440	220	220	37,240	18,025	19,215
Movers	35	10	20	5,570	2,685	2,885
Non-migrants	0	0	0	2,625	1,290	1,335
Migrants	35	15	20	2,945	1,390	1,550
Internal migrants	35	15	25	2,725	1,280	1,445
Intraprovincial migrants	35	15	20	2,120	1,000	1,125
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	600	285	320
External migrants	0	0	0	220	110	100
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	450	230	220	41,095	19,840	21,250
Non-movers	315	155	160	25,235	12,270	12,970
Movers	135	75	65	15,855	7,575	8,285
Non-migrants	0	0	0	7,775	3,815	3,960
Migrants	140	75	60	8,080	3,760	4,325
Internal migrants	130	75	55	7,375	3,415	3,955
Intraprovincial migrants	130	75	60	5,575	2,585	2,990
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,800	835	965
External migrants	0	0	0	710	335	370

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Aston-Jonction, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Duncan [Census agglomeration], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Aston-Jonction, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Duncan [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Aston-Jonction, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Duncan [Census agglomeration], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Aston-Jonction, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Duncan [Census agglomeration], British Columbia