Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Chilliwack [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Chilliwack British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Chilliwack [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	712	...	...	73,161	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	774	...	...	67,374^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-8.0	...	...	8.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	380	...	...	30,902	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	328	...	...	29,685	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13.5	...	...	1,352.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	52.84	...	...	54.09	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	710	380	330	73,155	35,370	37,790
0 to 14 years	85	50	35	12,965	6,670	6,290
0 to 4 years	25	15	15	4,135	2,115	2,020
5 to 9 years	25	15	10	4,590	2,375	2,210
10 to 14 years	35	20	15	4,240	2,180	2,055
15 to 64 years	465	240	220	44,690	21,675	23,020
15 to 19 years	40	25	15	4,230	2,150	2,085
20 to 24 years	25	10	15	4,125	2,130	1,990
25 to 29 years	20	10	10	3,925	1,915	2,010
30 to 34 years	35	20	15	4,470	2,210	2,265
35 to 39 years	45	15	25	4,095	1,935	2,155
40 to 44 years	35	20	15	4,320	2,070	2,250
45 to 49 years	50	25	30	4,690	2,270	2,425
50 to 54 years	75	40	30	5,175	2,495	2,680
55 to 59 years	90	50	45	5,025	2,360	2,670
60 to 64 years	50	25	25	4,635	2,150	2,485
65 years and over	160	85	75	15,495	7,020	8,475
65 to 69 years	55	30	25	4,610	2,140	2,470
70 to 74 years	55	35	20	3,760	1,800	1,955
75 to 79 years	25	10	10	2,885	1,315	1,570
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	2,105	980	1,125
85 years and over	15	5	15	2,130	785	1,350
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	1,360	545	810
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	610	195	415
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	140	40	100
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.0	13.2	10.6	17.7	18.9	16.6
15 to 64 years	65.5	63.2	66.7	61.1	61.3	60.9
65 years and over	22.5	22.4	22.7	21.2	19.8	22.4
85 years and over	2.1	1.3	4.5	2.9	2.2	3.6
Average age of the population	46.8	46.6	47.0	42.4	41.2	43.5
Median age of the population	51.2	51.3	50.9	43.3	41.7	44.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	330	...	...	29,685	...	...
Single-detached house	315	...	...	15,055	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	270	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10	...	...	13,605	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	1,230	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	4,680	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	1,400	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	6,270	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	755	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	330	...	...	29,685	...	...
1 person	105	...	...	8,360	...	...
2 persons	140	...	...	11,050	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	4,020	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	3,675	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	2,585	...	...
Number of persons in private households	710	...	...	71,670	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	625	330	295	60,190	28,695	31,495
Married or living common law	395	195	195	35,325	17,625	17,700
Married	215	105	110	29,625	14,795	14,830
Living common law	180	90	90	5,700	2,830	2,865
Not married and not living common law	235	135	95	24,865	11,070	13,795
Never married	150	95	55	14,100	7,655	6,445
Separated	10	5	5	2,060	865	1,195
Divorced	40	25	15	4,430	1,635	2,800
Widowed	30	10	25	4,275	915	3,355
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	215	...	...	20,930	...	...
2 persons	135	...	...	11,740	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	3,900	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	3,505	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	1,780	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	215	...	...	20,930	...	...
Total couple families	195	...	...	17,320	...	...
Married couples	105	...	...	14,475	...	...
Common-law couples	90	...	...	2,850	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	25	...	...	3,605	...	...
Female parent	15	...	...	2,885	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	720	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	195	...	...	17,320	...	...
Couples without children	125	...	...	9,535	...	...
Couples with children	75	...	...	7,785	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	2,890	...	...
2 children	30	...	...	3,210	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	1,675	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	3,605	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	2,200	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,010	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	400	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	135	80	50	12,750	5,805	6,945
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	330	...	...	29,685	...	...
One-census-family households	210	...	...	19,635	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	120	...	...	9,000	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	90	...	...	10,630	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	635	...	...
Non-census-family households	115	...	...	9,415	...	...
One-person households	105	...	...	8,365	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	1,055	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	715	380	335	72,435	35,050	37,380
English only	5	0	0	68,685	33,455	35,230
French only	610	320	285	15	10	5
English and French	105	55	45	3,390	1,435	1,955
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	345	160	185
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	710	380	330	72,435	35,055	37,380
English	5	5	5	71,185	34,440	36,745
French	705	380	330	815	410	400
English and French	0	0	0	100	45	55
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	330	155	180
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5	5	5	870	440	430
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	1.3	1.5	1.2	1.3	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	715	380	335	72,430	35,050	37,385
Single responses	710	375	335	71,705	34,745	36,960
Official languages	705	375	330	64,125	31,245	32,885
English	5	5	5	63,195	30,775	32,415
French	700	375	325	935	470	470
Non-official languages	5	0	5	7,580	3,495	4,075
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	55	15	35
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	15	5	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	7,525	3,475	4,045
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	135	80	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	135	75	60
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	5
Arabic	0	0	0	105	55	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	205	110	100
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	205	105	95
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	430	160	270
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	5	20
Fijian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	355	135	220
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	5,380	2,500	2,875
Albanian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Armenian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	5	0	655	285	365
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	5	0	645	285	365
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Czech	0	0	0	45	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	165	70	95
Russian	0	0	0	150	60	95
Serbian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Slovak	0	0	0	30	15	15
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	150	65	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,185	1,440	1,740
Afrikaans	0	0	0	80	40	40
Danish	0	0	0	105	45	60
Dutch	0	0	0	895	415	480
Frisian	0	0	0	15	5	10
German	0	0	0	2,010	905	1,105
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Swedish	0	0	0	25	15	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	45	30	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	620	315	305
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	510	255	255
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	110	50	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	310	155	155
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	15
Iranian languages	0	0	0	105	60	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	105	60	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	825	400	425
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	85	55	35
Portuguese	0	0	0	90	40	50
Romanian	0	0	0	170	95	80
Spanish	0	0	0	475	215	260
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	90	30	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	340	160	180
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	5
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	615	280	330
Chinese languages	5	0	0	595	265	325
Cantonese	0	0	0	155	70	85
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	375	165	210
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	25	5	20
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	20	5	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	200	95	105
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	135	65	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Multiple responses	0	0	0	730	315	415
English and French	0	5	0	170	65	105
English and non-official language	0	0	0	540	235	305
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	715	380	335	72,430	35,055	37,380
Single responses	710	380	335	71,135	34,490	36,645
Official languages	705	375	330	68,795	33,355	35,440
English	0	0	0	68,620	33,275	35,340
French	705	380	325	180	80	100
Non-official languages	10	0	5	2,340	1,130	1,205
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	2,335	1,130	1,205
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	80	40	35
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	65	35	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	130	60	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	60	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	155	75	75
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	150	70	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	1,200	575	620
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	150	70	75
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	5	0	40	20	20
Russian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	370	170	195
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dutch	0	0	0	75	35	40
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	0	0	0	255	120	135
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	350	180	170
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	285	145	145
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	65	35	30
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	185	95	95
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	65	30	30
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	305	145	160
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	85	45	40
Spanish	0	0	0	195	95	100
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	270	135	135
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	375	180	195
Chinese languages	5	0	5	355	165	190
Cantonese	0	0	0	95	45	45
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	5	245	115	135
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	45	25	25
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,300	565	735
English and French	0	0	0	85	30	55
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,200	520	680
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	710	380	335	72,435	35,055	37,380
None	700	375	325	68,455	33,260	35,200
English	15	5	5	1,065	510	555
French	0	0	0	465	190	275
Non-official language	0	0	0	2,385	1,070	1,315
Aboriginal	0	0	0	50	15	30
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	2,335	1,050	1,280
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	5	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	625	335	295	58,710	28,095	30,610
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	605	325	285	56,550	27,145	29,405
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,984	28,160	19,552	31,225	40,811	24,759
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	605	325	280	56,610	27,185	29,425
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,976	26,304	18,992	28,463	35,832	23,534
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	475	260	215	49,855	24,635	25,220
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,333	25,152	16,160	28,405	38,722	20,978
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	510	275	235	41,755	17,670	24,080
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,776	10,512	9,600	8,074	8,358	7,910
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	370	215	155	40,685	20,940	19,745
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,667	25,440	19,648	29,519	39,504	22,549
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	625	315	315	58,910	28,155	30,750
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	595	300	290	56,825	27,275	29,555
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,102	32,065	26,038	39,990	48,496	32,139
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	595	300	295	56,875	27,300	29,575
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,661	27,863	23,385	34,326	40,553	28,578
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	470	235	235	50,060	24,810	25,255
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,512	30,479	20,662	37,970	46,993	29,105
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	505	265	245	41,970	17,790	24,180
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,405	9,817	11,046	8,853	8,811	8,883
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	370	190	175	40,875	21,115	19,755
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,731	29,511	23,706	37,815	45,674	29,417
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	630	315	315	58,910	28,155	30,750
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	140	70	70	17,940	10,470	7,470
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	30,993	31,197	22,714	50,315	57,862	42,305
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	35,945	35,688	36,187	56,093	62,735	46,784
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	70.2	72.6	63.1	83.5	88.0	77.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	57.9	60.7	54.0	68.4	73.2	61.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	29.7	26.0	34.8	16.5	12.0	22.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	625	330	290	58,710	28,095	30,615
Without total income	20	5	15	2,165	950	1,205
With total income	605	320	280	56,550	27,145	29,405
Percentage with total income	96.8	97.0	96.6	96.3	96.6	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	85	30	55	7,470	2,815	4,645
$10,000 to $19,999	160	70	90	11,140	3,985	7,150
$20,000 to $29,999	135	80	55	8,715	3,380	5,335
$30,000 to $39,999	90	50	35	7,210	3,155	4,055
$40,000 to $49,999	65	40	25	5,830	2,930	2,900
$50,000 to $59,999	30	25	10	4,380	2,540	1,840
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	0	3,265	2,170	1,095
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	2,450	1,680	770
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	5	2,010	1,380	640
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	1,355	945	410
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	2,730	2,165	565
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	0	2,130	1,665	465
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	595	500	100
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	625	330	295	58,710	28,100	30,615
Without after-tax income	20	5	10	2,100	915	1,190
With after-tax income	605	325	285	56,605	27,185	29,420
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	98.5	96.6	96.4	96.7	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	85	30	55	7,785	2,975	4,810
$10,000 to $19,999	175	75	100	11,710	4,305	7,405
$20,000 to $29,999	145	80	65	10,210	4,060	6,150
$30,000 to $39,999	110	70	40	8,280	3,820	4,460
$40,000 to $49,999	45	35	15	6,150	3,420	2,730
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	4,370	2,805	1,565
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	0	3,040	2,110	930
$70,000 to $79,999	10	0	5	2,190	1,475	720
$80,000 and over	0	5	5	2,870	2,210	660
$80,000 to $89,999	0	5	0	1,175	850	330
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	660	515	145
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	1,045	845	195
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	625	330	295	58,710	28,095	30,615
Without employment income	255	115	135	18,025	7,155	10,865
With employment income	370	215	160	40,685	20,940	19,745
Percentage with employment income	59.2	65.2	54.2	69.3	74.5	64.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	30	20	7,300	3,350	3,955
$5,000 to $9,999	35	10	25	3,110	1,270	1,845
$10,000 to $19,999	65	35	35	5,520	2,180	3,345
$20,000 to $29,999	80	45	30	4,610	1,845	2,765
$30,000 to $39,999	50	30	25	4,285	1,940	2,345
$40,000 to $49,999	40	25	15	3,655	1,865	1,790
$50,000 to $59,999	20	15	5	3,020	1,790	1,230
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	2,425	1,675	750
$70,000 to $79,999	0	5	0	1,940	1,340	605
$80,000 and over	10	10	0	4,825	3,700	1,125
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	5	1,675	1,165	510
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	1,070	785	285
$100,000 and over	5	0	5	2,080	1,745	330
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	325	...	...	29,685	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	44,288	...	...	62,993	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	42,112	...	...	55,987	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	105	...	...	8,360	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	19,904	...	...	31,059	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	19,808	...	...	28,299	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	225	...	...	21,320	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,520	...	...	78,941	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	53,888	...	...	69,729	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	335	...	...	29,765	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,280	...	...	76,346	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,217	...	...	65,591	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	8,350	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,691	...	...	38,174	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,619	...	...	33,105	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	21,415	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,737	...	...	91,229	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	57,037	...	...	78,257	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	325	...	...	29,685	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	365	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	340	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	975	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	1,370	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	1,520	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	1,285	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	1,530	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	1,485	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	1,375	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	1,365	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	2,545	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	2,240	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	2,140	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	1,885	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	1,690	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	7,575	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	3,045	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	1,895	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	0	...	...	1,770	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	870	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	325	...	...	29,685	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	385	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	345	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	995	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	1,410	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	1,715	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	1,555	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	1,790	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	1,705	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	1,570	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	1,585	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	2,940	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	2,570	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	2,335	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	2,000	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	1,545	...	...
$100,000 and over	10	...	...	5,235	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	2,595	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	1,335	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	1,315	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	215	...	...	20,585	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,539	...	...	77,737	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	53,504	...	...	68,879	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	8,835	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,504	...	...	69,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	48,128	...	...	61,975	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.1	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	7,875	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	72,960	...	...	102,663	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	66,688	...	...	88,945	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	3,320	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,072	...	...	45,504	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,000	...	...	42,517	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	210	...	...	20,700	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,793	...	...	90,164	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	56,928	...	...	77,286	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	8,910	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,140	...	...	81,699	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,144	...	...	69,980	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	7,880	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	73,976	...	...	114,279	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	65,671	...	...	97,039	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	3,360	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	54,234	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,728	...	...	48,561	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	125	80	50	11,215	5,140	6,080
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	19,904	20,608	19,051	29,255	32,185	27,571
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	19,776	20,416	19,051	26,804	28,800	25,662
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	140	75	65	11,105	5,015	6,090
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	25,179	22,577	28,149	36,546	39,079	34,459
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	22,518	20,892	24,375	31,727	33,134	30,568
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	715	380	335	71,670	34,760	36,905
In the bottom half of the distribution	585	315	270	40,795	19,040	21,760
In the bottom decile	70	40	30	7,930	3,660	4,270
In the second decile	150	80	75	8,265	3,605	4,650
In the third decile	145	75	65	8,190	3,775	4,420
In the fourth decile	105	60	45	8,250	3,970	4,280
In the fifth decile	115	65	50	8,160	4,030	4,135
In the top half of the distribution	130	65	65	30,875	15,725	15,150
In the sixth decile	55	25	25	7,715	3,845	3,870
In the seventh decile	25	15	10	6,930	3,555	3,380
In the eighth decile	40	20	15	6,695	3,390	3,305
In the ninth decile	15	5	5	5,900	3,030	2,865
In the top decile	5	0	0	3,635	1,910	1,725
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	715	380	335	67,825	32,955	34,865
0 to 17 years	115	65	50	15,055	7,715	7,340
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	4,875	2,490	2,380
18 to 64 years	440	225	210	40,530	19,590	20,940
65 years and over	160	90	75	12,235	5,655	6,585
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	165	90	75	10,830	4,780	6,050
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	2,990	1,490	1,500
0 to 5 years	15	0	5	985	505	480
18 to 64 years	75	45	35	5,930	2,580	3,350
65 years and over	65	35	35	1,910	710	1,200
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.1	23.7	22.4	16.0	14.5	17.4
0 to 17 years (%)	17.4	15.4	20.0	19.9	19.3	20.4
0 to 5 years (%)	42.9	0.0	33.3	20.2	20.3	20.2
18 to 64 years (%)	17.0	20.0	16.7	14.6	13.2	16.0
65 years and over (%)	40.6	38.9	46.7	15.6	12.6	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	30	10	6,020	2,815	3,205
0 to 17 years	0	0	5	1,705	840	865
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	560	280	280
18 to 64 years	35	25	10	3,995	1,835	2,160
65 years and over	5	0	0	320	140	180
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.6	7.9	3.0	8.9	8.5	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	0.0	0.0	10.0	11.3	10.9	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	0.0	33.3	11.5	11.2	11.8
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	11.1	4.8	9.9	9.4	10.3
65 years and over (%)	3.1	0.0	0.0	2.6	2.5	2.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	695	355	345	71,920	34,880	37,040
Official languages	695	355	340	71,560	34,720	36,845
English	145	70	75	71,545	34,710	36,830
French	695	355	345	3,420	1,420	2,000
Non-official languages	15	10	0	9,420	4,335	5,085
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	75	15	55
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	40	10	30
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	30	0	25
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	9,345	4,315	5,030
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	195	120	75
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	195	115	75
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	145	85	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	40	30	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	205	105	105
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	205	100	105
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	575	210	365
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	20	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	550	195	355
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	15	15	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	6,740	3,125	3,615
Albanian	0	0	0	70	25	35
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	860	400	460
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	855	405	455
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Czech	0	0	0	60	30	30
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	225	95	130
Russian	0	0	0	210	85	120
Serbian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	0	0	0	45	25	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ukrainian	0	0	0	215	100	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	20	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,555	1,630	1,925
Afrikaans	0	0	0	120	60	60
Danish	0	0	0	70	30	45
Dutch	0	0	0	1,045	465	580
Frisian	0	0	0	30	15	15
German	0	0	0	2,265	1,090	1,185
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	75	35	40
Swedish	0	0	0	40	20	20
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	0	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	85	60	30
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	810	410	400
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	730	365	365
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hindi	0	0	0	205	100	105
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	485	255	230
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	125	50	75
Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	45	35
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	80	45	40
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	0	1,525	670	860
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	140	70	65
Portuguese	0	0	0	150	80	65
Romanian	0	0	0	180	100	85
Spanish	10	10	10	1,110	445	665
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	165	70	95
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	445	225	220
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	50	20
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	35	20	10
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	75	20	50
American Sign Language	0	0	0	25	0	20
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	15	35
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	710	325	380
Chinese languages	0	0	0	660	290	365
Cantonese	0	0	0	175	70	105
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	505	205	300
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	60	30	30
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	45	35	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	45	35	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	60	15	50
Lao	0	0	0	25	0	15
Thai	0	0	0	40	0	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	235	100	135
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Finnish	0	0	0	75	35	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	150	65	90
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	695	355	340	71,920	34,880	37,035
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	695	355	340	69,235	33,580	35,655
Canadian citizens aged under 18	105	60	45	15,165	7,735	7,430
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	590	300	295	54,070	25,845	28,225
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	2,680	1,305	1,380
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	695	355	340	71,920	34,880	37,040
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	700	355	340	61,800	30,170	31,630
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	9,760	4,535	5,230
Before 1981	0	0	0	4,740	2,160	2,575
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	870	440	425
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	1,335	590	750
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,825	840	985
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	840	345	505
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	980	495	485
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	995	510	485
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	355	175	180
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	9,765	4,535	5,230
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,285	630	655
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,895	905	990
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	2,265	995	1,265
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	3,590	1,680	1,910
45 years and over	0	0	0	730	330	400
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	9,760	4,535	5,230
Americas	0	0	0	1,500	645	855
Brazil	0	0	0	30	0	25
Colombia	0	0	0	30	10	20
El Salvador	0	0	0	75	35	35
Guyana	0	0	0	25	15	10
Haiti	0	0	0	20	20	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	40	25	15
Mexico	0	0	0	155	55	95
Peru	0	0	0	40	0	35
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	35	20	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	825	335	490
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	240	115	120
Europe	0	0	0	5,405	2,595	2,810
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	30	20	15
Croatia	0	0	0	25	15	10
France	0	0	0	45	20	25
Germany	0	0	0	865	430	435
Greece	0	0	0	30	20	10
Hungary	0	0	0	70	30	40
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	75	35	40
Italy	0	0	0	50	20	30
Netherlands	0	0	0	810	390	420
Poland	0	0	0	205	85	120
Portugal	0	0	0	55	45	10
Romania	0	0	0	165	85	75
Russian Federation	0	0	0	165	85	80
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	40	15	20
Ukraine	0	0	0	110	50	60
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	2,150	995	1,155
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	520	255	270
Africa	0	0	0	405	215	190
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	35	25	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	15	10	10
Morocco	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	50	35	25
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	200	95	105
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	85	50	35
Asia	0	0	0	2,215	960	1,250
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	300	135	165
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	95	40	60
India	0	0	0	290	140	150
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	55	25	25
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	60	20	40
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	305	150	155
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pakistan	0	0	0	60	40	20
Philippines	0	0	0	510	175	330
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	25	15	15
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	90	35	55
Viet Nam	0	0	0	135	55	80
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	250	105	140
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	245	120	125
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	995	510	485
Americas	0	0	0	175	80	95
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	130	55	75
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	140	100	40
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	25	15	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	90	65	30
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	15	10
Africa	0	0	0	65	30	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	20	10	10
Asia	0	0	0	595	290	305
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	35	15	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	105	50	55
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	30	15	15
Philippines	0	0	0	245	120	125
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	15	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	695	355	340	71,915	34,880	37,040
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	10,650	4,980	5,665
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	20	10	15	15,375	7,535	7,845
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	680	350	330	45,895	22,365	23,535
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	5,175	2,445	2,725
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	2,825	1,440	1,380
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,130	695	430
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	1,700	745	950
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	1,820	710	1,110
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	505	290	215
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	25	0	25
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	695	360	340	71,915	34,880	37,040
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	0	0	6,815	3,185	3,625
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	0	0	6,615	3,080	3,535
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	4,215	1,970	2,250
Métis	10	10	0	2,365	1,100	1,265
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	100	65	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	100	40	60
Non-Aboriginal identity	690	350	340	65,105	31,690	33,415
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	695	355	340	71,920	34,880	37,035
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	3,205	1,425	1,780
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	695	355	340	68,710	33,455	35,255
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	695	355	340	71,920	34,880	37,040
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	0	10	1,860	980	875
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	0	10	1,835	970	870
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	10	10	1,560	825	740
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	280	150	130
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	10
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	20	15	10	5,305	2,350	2,955
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	25	15	10	5,100	2,260	2,840
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	3,160	1,395	1,765
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,905	850	1,060
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	10	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	200	95	110
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	200	90	110
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	655	335	325	64,755	31,550	33,210
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	695	355	340	71,920	34,880	37,040
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	5,140	2,420	2,725
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	1,030	535	495
Chinese	0	0	0	825	365	460
Black	0	0	0	610	315	295
Filipino	0	0	0	695	270	420
Latin American	0	0	0	440	185	260
Arab	0	0	0	80	45	35
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	425	225	200
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	105	60	45
Korean	0	0	0	480	225	245
Japanese	0	0	0	150	55	95
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	95	35	60
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	205	95	105
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	695	355	340	66,780	32,460	34,315
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	695	355	340	71,920	34,880	37,035
North American Aboriginal origins	40	20	20	7,160	3,330	3,835
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	20	20	4,950	2,325	2,625
Inuit	0	0	0	45	20	25
Métis	0	10	0	2,390	1,095	1,300
Other North American origins	500	265	235	20,880	10,380	10,505
Acadian	0	0	0	135	70	65
American	0	0	0	1,600	840	755
Canadian	500	265	230	19,720	9,770	9,950
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	0	20	35	15	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	15	10	10
European origins	245	120	125	57,470	27,670	29,800
British Isles origins	45	20	25	37,420	18,010	19,415
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	0	0	0	22,520	10,645	11,875
Irish	45	15	25	13,005	5,990	7,015
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	10
Scottish	10	10	0	16,610	8,035	8,580
Welsh	0	0	0	2,035	920	1,115
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	2,435	1,280	1,155
French origins	180	90	90	8,010	3,705	4,300
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	185	90	95	8,010	3,710	4,300
Western European origins (except French origins)	30	15	20	22,070	10,655	11,415
Austrian	10	10	0	750	315	435
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	335	180	150
Dutch	0	0	0	7,510	3,640	3,865
Flemish	0	0	0	50	15	35
Frisian	0	0	0	60	30	30
German	25	10	15	15,375	7,470	7,905
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	10	10
Swiss	0	0	0	445	180	265
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	6,630	3,255	3,380
Danish	0	0	0	1,265	665	595
Finnish	0	0	0	460	250	210
Icelandic	0	0	0	490	250	235
Norwegian	0	0	0	2,680	1,290	1,385
Swedish	0	0	0	1,995	860	1,130
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	265	140	120
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	11,640	5,600	6,040
Bulgarian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Byelorussian	0	0	0	25	10	20
Czech	0	0	0	380	175	205
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	195	65	130
Estonian	0	0	0	85	40	35
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,215	575	640
Latvian	0	0	0	60	40	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	135	70	65
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	2,615	1,210	1,405
Romanian	0	0	0	575	315	260
Russian	0	0	0	3,175	1,635	1,535
Slovak	0	0	0	155	85	70
Ukrainian	0	0	0	4,855	2,210	2,650
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	70	50	20
Southern European origins	0	0	0	3,800	1,755	2,045
Albanian	0	0	0	80	30	45
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	195	90	105
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	315	175	140
Italian	0	0	0	2,010	870	1,145
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	30	15	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	335	160	170
Serbian	0	0	0	105	65	45
Sicilian	0	0	0	40	25	20
Slovenian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Spanish	0	0	0	680	330	350
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	80	40	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Other European origins	10	10	0	515	280	235
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	185	95	90
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	300	160	135
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	410	220	190
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	30	15	15
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	195	95	100
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	25	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,040	460	580
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	55	25	30
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Chilean	0	0	0	75	30	50
Colombian	0	0	0	55	30	30
Costa Rican	0	0	0	35	10	30
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Guatemalan	0	0	0	60	10	45
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	20	0	10
Honduran	0	0	0	15	15	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	260	95	160
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	30	25	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	65	45	25
Peruvian	0	0	0	40	20	15
Salvadorean	0	0	0	150	80	75
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	60	25	40
African origins	0	0	0	810	410	405
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	100	50	45
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	55	20	35
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	25	15	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	10	10	0
North African origins	0	0	0	145	75	75
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	90	40	45
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	250	125	125
Afrikaner	0	0	0	20	10	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	0	0	0	165	80	90
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	340	170	170
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	55	30	30
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	285	145	140
Asian origins	0	0	0	4,335	2,015	2,320
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	295	165	130
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	85	45	35
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	30	10	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kurd	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	60	20	40
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Syrian	0	0	0	35	20	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	30	25	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	1,090	540	550
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	885	450	435
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	105	35	70
Punjabi	0	0	0	45	25	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	45	30	20
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,965	1,315	1,655
Burmese	0	0	0	60	30	25
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	20	10	15
Chinese	0	0	0	1,120	515	605
Filipino	0	0	0	760	300	460
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Japanese	0	0	0	230	75	155
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	480	235	245
Laotian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Malaysian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	55	25	30
Thai	0	0	0	70	25	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	250	135	115
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	420	220	200
Australian	0	0	0	230	125	105
New Zealander	0	0	0	65	40	25
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	130	60	75
Fijian	0	0	0	55	30	25
Hawaiian	0	0	0	35	10	30
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	10	15	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	335	...	...	29,765	...	...
Owner	290	...	...	21,850	...	...
Renter	50	...	...	7,880	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	340	...	...	29,765	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	7,110	...	...
Not condominium	340	...	...	22,655	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	340	...	...	29,765	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	130	...	...
1 bedroom	40	...	...	3,395	...	...
2 bedrooms	100	...	...	8,540	...	...
3 bedrooms	105	...	...	9,500	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	95	...	...	8,205	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	340	...	...	29,765	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	80	...	...	7,330	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	4,670	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	4,265	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	3,960	...	...
8 or more rooms	95	...	...	9,545	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	335	...	...	29,765	...	...
One person or fewer per room	335	...	...	29,555	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	340	...	...	29,765	...	...
Suitable	330	...	...	28,825	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	945	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	335	...	...	29,765	...	...
1960 or before	135	...	...	3,130	...	...
1961 to 1980	50	...	...	7,200	...	...
1981 to 1990	80	...	...	3,890	...	...
1991 to 2000	40	...	...	6,255	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	2,550	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	4,445	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	2,300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	340	...	...	29,765	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	305	...	...	28,275	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	1,490	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	340	...	...	29,765	...	...
1 household maintainer	240	...	...	17,615	...	...
2 household maintainers	100	...	...	11,360	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	785	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	335	...	...	29,765	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	810	...	...
25 to 34 years	25	...	...	3,875	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	4,475	...	...
45 to 54 years	75	...	...	5,635	...	...
55 to 64 years	75	...	...	5,700	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...	5,000	...	...
75 to 84 years	50	...	...	3,170	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	1,105	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	335	...	...	27,855	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	295	...	...	20,825	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	40	...	...	7,020	...	...
30% to less than 100%	35	...	...	6,205	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	290	...	...	20,050	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.3	...	...	66.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.3	...	...	16.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	557	...	...	1,136	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	724	...	...	1,175	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	125,137	...	...	362,779	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	156,182	...	...	382,649	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50	...	...	7,815	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	10.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	47.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	573	...	...	879	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	498	...	...	980	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	625	315	310	58,905	28,155	30,755
No certificate, diploma or degree	285	140	145	11,420	5,815	5,605
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	105	50	60	20,075	9,685	10,390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	240	125	115	27,415	12,655	14,755
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	125	85	40	6,455	4,660	1,800
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	85	55	35	2,975	1,710	1,270
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	35	30	10	3,480	2,950	530
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	70	25	40	11,070	3,830	7,240
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	15	2,675	965	1,710
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30	10	25	7,215	3,205	4,010
Bachelor's degree	25	10	15	4,670	2,030	2,645
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	790	220	570
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	265	160	105
Master's degree	0	0	10	1,330	680	650
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	155	115	40
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	380	185	200	36,255	17,240	19,020
No certificate, diploma or degree	150	80	75	4,545	2,595	1,955
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	65	30	35	11,735	5,780	5,955
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	170	80	90	19,975	8,865	11,110
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	95	55	40	4,260	3,085	1,175
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	65	30	35	1,935	1,105	825
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	30	25	10	2,325	1,975	350
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	40	25	20	8,070	2,730	5,335
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	1,970	680	1,290
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25	0	20	5,680	2,365	3,310
Bachelor's degree	15	0	15	3,715	1,540	2,180
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	10	640	175	460
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	185	115	75
Master's degree	10	0	0	1,040	480	560
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	90	60	40
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	625	315	315	58,905	28,155	30,755
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	385	185	200	31,495	15,500	15,995
Education	20	10	15	2,360	605	1,755
13. Education	20	10	10	2,360	605	1,760
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	740	345	395
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	200	145	50
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	540	195	345
Humanities	10	10	0	1,495	670	835
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	95	25	70
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	320	85	230
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	320	105	215
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	60	35	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	470	305	160
54. History	0	0	0	215	100	110
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	15	2,435	780	1,655
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	15	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	10	130	55	80
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	610	55	560
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	365	65	300
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	55	10	40
42. Psychology	10	0	10	435	145	290
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	810	435	370
Business, management and public administration	40	15	30	4,960	1,485	3,475
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	20	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	505	120	380
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	25	4,435	1,365	3,075
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	485	230	255
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	190	75	115
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	90	30	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	10	130	100	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	75	25	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	620	390	225
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	460	340	115
25. Library science	0	0	0	95	0	90
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	60	45	20
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	80	70	0	5,935	5,625	310
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	70	50	15
14. Engineering	0	0	0	570	525	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	15	10	815	735	80
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	1,645	1,570	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	30	0	1,875	1,800	75
48. Precision production	0	0	0	970	950	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	780	495	285
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	510	300	205
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	270	195	75
Health and related fields	20	0	25	5,200	875	4,325
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	290	145	145
51. Health professions and related programs	20	0	25	4,805	665	4,140
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	105	65	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	30	10	2,415	1,170	1,245
12. Personal and culinary services	15	10	0	1,510	420	1,090
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	25	20	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	60	60	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	360	250	105
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	460	420	45
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	385	185	200	36,260	17,240	19,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	215	105	110	16,280	8,370	7,910
Education	10	0	10	1,595	410	1,180
13. Education	10	0	0	1,590	410	1,180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	555	220	330
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	130	80	50
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	425	140	280
Humanities	0	0	0	1,075	445	630
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	80	20	60
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	255	70	185
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	255	85	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	30	15
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	275	185	90
54. History	0	0	0	145	55	90
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	15	2,055	615	1,435
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	25	15	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	110	40	70
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	520	35	480
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	305	60	245
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	45	10	35
42. Psychology	10	0	0	380	105	275
45. Social sciences	0	0	10	670	350	320
Business, management and public administration	35	0	25	3,590	1,030	2,555
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	415	85	325
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	25	3,175	945	2,230
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	375	150	225
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	155	50	105
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	80	25	55
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	85	60	25
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	55	15	40
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	505	330	175
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	390	305	85
25. Library science	10	0	0	80	10	75
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	25	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	55	50	10	4,090	3,815	270
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	60	45	10
14. Engineering	0	0	0	390	345	50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	15	10	545	470	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	1,215	1,145	70
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	1,275	1,215	60
48. Precision production	0	10	0	610	600	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	585	375	210
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	375	230	145
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	205	140	65
Health and related fields	15	0	15	3,815	675	3,140
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	230	125	105
51. Health professions and related programs	20	0	15	3,505	500	3,010
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	75	60	25
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	20	10	1,750	795	950
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	1,135	310	825
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	295	195	100
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	300	265	35
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	625	315	315	58,910	28,155	30,750
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	385	190	200	31,495	15,500	15,995
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	240	125	115	27,410	12,655	14,760
Location of study inside Canada	235	125	115	24,030	10,930	13,100
Same as province or territory of residence	235	125	110	18,870	8,375	10,490
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	5,165	2,555	2,615
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	3,385	1,725	1,655
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	805	435	370
Philippines	0	0	0	250	75	175
India	0	0	0	70	35	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	690	400	290
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	125	50	75
France	0	0	0	25	10	15
Other	0	0	0	1,415	725	690
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	385	185	200	36,260	17,240	19,020
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	215	105	110	16,280	8,375	7,905
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	170	80	90	19,975	8,870	11,110
Location of study inside Canada	170	75	90	17,775	7,820	9,960
Same as province or territory of residence	165	75	90	14,490	6,220	8,270
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	3,285	1,595	1,690
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,200	1,050	1,150
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	550	265	285
Philippines	0	0	0	225	70	160
India	0	0	0	50	25	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	320	190	125
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	120	45	75
France	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other	0	0	0	910	450	460
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	625	315	315	58,905	28,155	30,755
In the labour force	335	170	165	35,450	18,605	16,845
Employed	320	155	160	32,960	17,270	15,695
Unemployed	15	10	10	2,485	1,335	1,150
Not in the labour force	295	140	150	23,460	9,550	13,910
Participation rate	53.6	54.0	52.4	60.2	66.1	54.8
Employment rate	51.2	49.2	50.8	56.0	61.3	51.0
Unemployment rate	4.5	5.9	6.1	7.0	7.2	6.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	625	315	315	58,905	28,155	30,755
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	275	140	140	21,970	8,915	13,050
Worked	345	175	170	36,935	19,235	17,700
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	140	70	70	18,425	10,780	7,645
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	205	105	100	18,515	8,460	10,055
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.1	42.6	42.5	43.5	41.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	335	170	165	35,450	18,605	16,845
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	765	330	435
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	325	170	160	34,685	18,275	16,405
Employee	260	125	135	30,970	16,075	14,895
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	65	45	25	3,710	2,200	1,520
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	330	170	165	35,445	18,605	16,840
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	10	765	335	430
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	330	165	160	34,680	18,275	16,410
0 Management occupations	45	35	15	3,145	2,010	1,135
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	30	10	20	4,550	1,130	3,415
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	1,420	1,145	270
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	2,420	475	1,940
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	0	20	4,515	1,485	3,030
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	760	325	430
6 Sales and service occupations	65	20	40	8,615	3,410	5,205
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	55	60	0	6,620	6,255	370
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	1,140	805	340
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	90	40	55	1,500	1,235	270
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	335	175	160	35,450	18,605	16,845
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	765	330	435
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	325	165	155	34,685	18,275	16,410
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	10	0	1,065	630	435
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	225	210	15
22 Utilities	0	0	0	90	85	10
23 Construction	25	20	10	3,550	3,140	410
31-33 Manufacturing	110	55	50	3,030	2,470	555
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	915	725	190
44-45 Retail trade	30	10	15	4,300	1,970	2,330
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	15	0	1,615	1,320	295
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	425	255	170
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	915	255	665
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	510	240	275
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	0	10	1,615	865	745
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	50	30	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	2,005	1,160	840
61 Educational services	10	0	0	2,500	775	1,730
62 Health care and social assistance	40	0	35	4,205	650	3,550
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	555	285	265
72 Accommodation and food services	25	0	30	2,890	1,065	1,825
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	20	0	1,820	860	965
91 Public administration	10	10	0	2,420	1,300	1,125
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	320	160	155	32,960	17,270	15,690
Worked at home	20	0	15	2,185	1,005	1,180
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	110	70	40
No fixed workplace address	30	20	10	5,065	3,885	1,180
Worked at usual place	270	135	140	25,600	12,305	13,290
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	270	130	140	25,600	12,305	13,290
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	55	30	35	16,235	7,135	9,095
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	155	80	75	6,170	2,985	3,185
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	60	25	30	3,060	2,080	975
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	135	105	30
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	300	155	145	30,670	16,190	14,475
Car, truck, van - as a driver	255	135	125	25,735	13,690	12,050
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	0	0	2,135	1,050	1,080
Public transit	0	0	0	650	290	360
Walked	30	15	15	1,255	565	685
Bicycle	0	0	0	425	310	110
Other method	0	0	0	470	285	180
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	295	155	140	30,670	16,195	14,475
Less than 15 minutes	105	60	40	11,585	5,205	6,380
15 to 29 minutes	135	70	60	9,470	4,765	4,700
30 to 44 minutes	30	15	15	4,775	2,735	2,040
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	20	1,670	1,075	595
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	3,170	2,410	760
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	295	155	145	30,665	16,195	14,475
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	0	3,335	2,535	800
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	115	80	35	5,570	3,640	1,925
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	95	40	55	7,645	3,905	3,740
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	40	25	15	5,515	1,975	3,540
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	10	15	3,130	1,140	1,985
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	0	20	5,480	2,990	2,485
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	350	180	170	38,140	19,765	18,375
Single responses	350	180	170	37,985	19,680	18,300
Official languages	350	185	170	37,760	19,570	18,190
English	10	0	10	37,700	19,550	18,150
French	340	180	160	60	15	40
Non-official languages	0	0	0	220	115	110
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	220	110	110
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	60	25	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	20	20	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	15	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	25	0	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	20	0	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	20	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	80	40	40
Chinese languages	0	0	0	65	25	35
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	50	25	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	15	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	160	90	70
English and French	0	0	0	30	15	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	130	75	60
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	350	180	170	38,140	19,765	18,370
None	325	175	150	37,235	19,345	17,885
English	20	10	10	140	55	90
French	10	0	15	250	130	120
Non-official language	0	0	0	500	230	265
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	485	230	255
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	700	355	340	71,140	34,470	36,680
Non-movers	660	330	330	59,020	28,590	30,435
Movers	30	25	10	12,125	5,880	6,240
Non-migrants	0	0	0	7,085	3,410	3,675
Migrants	30	20	0	5,035	2,470	2,560
Internal migrants	30	20	10	4,790	2,360	2,430
Intraprovincial migrants	30	25	10	3,830	1,860	1,965
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	965	500	460
External migrants	0	0	0	245	105	135
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	685	345	345	67,550	32,655	34,900
Non-movers	530	265	265	35,745	17,375	18,375
Movers	155	80	80	31,800	15,280	16,520
Non-migrants	15	10	10	17,660	8,470	9,190
Migrants	140	70	70	14,145	6,810	7,335
Internal migrants	140	70	75	12,980	6,220	6,765
Intraprovincial migrants	140	70	75	10,385	4,925	5,455
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,595	1,290	1,305
External migrants	0	0	0	1,165	590	570

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Chilliwack [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Chilliwack [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Chilliwack [Population centre], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Chilliwack [Population centre], British Columbia