Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Duncan British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	712	...	...	23,278	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	774	...	...	22,539^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-8.0	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	380	...	...	10,435	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	328	...	...	9,975	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	13.5	...	...	1,070.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	52.84	...	...	21.74	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	710	380	330	23,280	11,085	12,190
0 to 14 years	85	50	35	3,860	1,965	1,895
0 to 4 years	25	15	15	1,200	630	575
5 to 9 years	25	15	10	1,355	675	675
10 to 14 years	35	20	15	1,310	660	645
15 to 64 years	465	240	220	13,925	6,660	7,260
15 to 19 years	40	25	15	1,330	655	675
20 to 24 years	25	10	15	1,075	560	520
25 to 29 years	20	10	10	1,160	590	570
30 to 34 years	35	20	15	1,350	635	715
35 to 39 years	45	15	25	1,280	620	660
40 to 44 years	35	20	15	1,255	575	685
45 to 49 years	50	25	30	1,330	615	720
50 to 54 years	75	40	30	1,650	790	855
55 to 59 years	90	50	45	1,760	820	940
60 to 64 years	50	25	25	1,735	805	925
65 years and over	160	85	75	5,495	2,465	3,035
65 to 69 years	55	30	25	1,675	805	870
70 to 74 years	55	35	20	1,215	540	675
75 to 79 years	25	10	10	965	450	510
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	735	325	410
85 years and over	15	5	15	905	340	565
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	535	220	315
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	275	100	175
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	75	20	60
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	5	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.0	13.2	10.6	16.6	17.7	15.5
15 to 64 years	65.5	63.2	66.7	59.8	60.1	59.6
65 years and over	22.5	22.4	22.7	23.6	22.2	24.9
85 years and over	2.1	1.3	4.5	3.9	3.1	4.6
Average age of the population	46.8	46.6	47.0	44.3	43.0	45.4
Median age of the population	51.2	51.3	50.9	46.2	44.6	47.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	330	...	...	9,975	...	...
Single-detached house	315	...	...	5,130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	10	...	...	4,505	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	705	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	975	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	625	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	2,130	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	80	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	330	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	330	...	...	9,975	...	...
1 person	105	...	...	3,370	...	...
2 persons	140	...	...	3,565	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	1,335	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	1,035	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	660	...	...
Number of persons in private households	710	...	...	22,490	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	625	330	295	19,420	9,125	10,295
Married or living common law	395	195	195	10,340	5,175	5,170
Married	215	105	110	8,150	4,075	4,070
Living common law	180	90	90	2,200	1,095	1,100
Not married and not living common law	235	135	95	9,075	3,955	5,125
Never married	150	95	55	4,845	2,595	2,250
Separated	10	5	5	785	315	470
Divorced	40	25	15	1,840	695	1,145
Widowed	30	10	25	1,600	350	1,250
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	215	...	...	6,405	...	...
2 persons	135	...	...	3,740	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	1,270	...	...
4 persons	30	...	...	950	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	440	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	215	...	...	6,405	...	...
Total couple families	195	...	...	5,015	...	...
Married couples	105	...	...	3,915	...	...
Common-law couples	90	...	...	1,095	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	25	...	...	1,390	...	...
Female parent	15	...	...	1,100	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	290	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	195	...	...	5,015	...	...
Couples without children	125	...	...	2,910	...	...
Couples with children	75	...	...	2,105	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	885	...	...
2 children	30	...	...	825	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	395	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	1,390	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	830	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	385	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	135	80	50	4,960	2,230	2,735
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	330	...	...	9,975	...	...
One-census-family households	210	...	...	6,020	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	120	...	...	2,775	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	90	...	...	3,250	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	5	...	...	185	...	...
Non-census-family households	115	...	...	3,770	...	...
One-person households	105	...	...	3,370	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	400	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	715	380	335	22,745	10,825	11,920
English only	5	0	0	21,205	10,145	11,060
French only	610	320	285	0	0	0
English and French	105	55	45	1,395	620	780
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	140	60	80
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	710	380	330	22,745	10,825	11,920
English	5	5	5	22,365	10,655	11,710
French	705	380	330	225	110	120
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	5
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	135	55	80
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5	5	5	235	110	125
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	1.3	1.5	1.0	1.0	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	715	380	335	22,745	10,820	11,915
Single responses	710	375	335	22,515	10,725	11,785
Official languages	705	375	330	20,635	9,875	10,765
English	5	5	5	20,375	9,745	10,625
French	700	375	325	265	125	140
Non-official languages	5	0	5	1,875	855	1,020
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	130	60	75
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	125	55	70
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	115	55	65
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	1,740	795	950
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	25	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	45	30	20
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	40	20	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	135	45	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	100	40	60
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	10	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,205	570	635
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	5	0	110	55	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages	0	5	0	110	50	55
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	15	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Russian	0	0	0	15	5	5
Serbian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	530	235	295
Afrikaans	0	0	0	10	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Dutch	0	0	0	185	80	105
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	0	0	0	260	120	145
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	400	200	200
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	390	195	200
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	355	165	185
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	145	70	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	15	5	10
Romanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Spanish	0	0	0	75	30	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	5	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	140	70	75
Chinese languages	5	0	0	135	65	70
Cantonese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	55	30	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	5	0	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	50	25	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	230	100	130
English and French	0	5	0	40	20	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	175	75	105
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	715	380	335	22,740	10,825	11,915
Single responses	710	380	335	22,415	10,665	11,745
Official languages	705	375	330	21,785	10,375	11,415
English	0	0	0	21,750	10,360	11,390
French	705	380	325	35	15	20
Non-official languages	10	0	5	625	290	335
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	5	5	615	290	330
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	35	15	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	35	15	20
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	345	155	190
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	30	15	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	260	120	140
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	255	115	140
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	235	105	130
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	10	0	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Spanish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	5	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	0	5	90	50	45
Chinese languages	5	0	5	80	40	45
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	20	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	5	35	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	330	155	175
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	300	145	160
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	710	380	335	22,745	10,825	11,915
None	700	375	325	21,480	10,260	11,220
English	15	5	5	265	125	145
French	0	0	0	220	80	140
Non-official language	0	0	0	760	350	410
Aboriginal	0	0	0	145	65	75
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	615	280	335
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	625	335	295	18,630	8,760	9,870
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	605	325	285	17,910	8,410	9,505
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,984	28,160	19,552	29,406	35,435	25,647
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	605	325	280	17,945	8,435	9,505
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,976	26,304	18,992	27,052	31,702	24,242
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	475	260	215	15,405	7,355	8,055
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	21,333	25,152	16,160	26,514	33,536	21,361
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	510	275	235	13,985	6,085	7,900
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,776	10,512	9,600	8,811	8,818	8,807
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	370	215	155	12,180	6,050	6,125
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	22,667	25,440	19,648	26,399	31,701	22,299
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	625	315	315	18,685	8,840	9,845
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	595	300	290	17,935	8,515	9,425
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,102	32,065	26,038	38,054	44,999	31,779
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	595	300	295	17,960	8,525	9,435
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,661	27,863	23,385	32,932	37,903	28,440
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	470	235	235	15,450	7,440	8,005
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,512	30,479	20,662	35,788	43,803	28,342
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	505	265	245	14,060	6,155	7,905
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	10,405	9,817	11,046	9,216	9,291	9,158
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	370	190	175	12,240	6,050	6,195
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,731	29,511	23,706	34,832	41,486	28,327
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	630	315	315	18,685	8,840	9,845
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	140	70	70	4,690	2,590	2,105
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	30,993	31,197	22,714	46,960	53,288	41,489
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	35,945	35,688	36,187	52,933	58,524	46,049
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	70.2	72.6	63.1	80.8	85.2	75.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	57.9	60.7	54.0	62.5	66.6	57.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	29.7	26.0	34.8	19.1	14.8	24.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	625	330	290	18,625	8,760	9,865
Without total income	20	5	15	715	350	365
With total income	605	320	280	17,915	8,410	9,505
Percentage with total income	96.8	97.0	96.6	96.2	96.0	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	85	30	55	2,550	1,125	1,425
$10,000 to $19,999	160	70	90	3,585	1,375	2,210
$20,000 to $29,999	135	80	55	2,970	1,100	1,870
$30,000 to $39,999	90	50	35	2,375	1,040	1,335
$40,000 to $49,999	65	40	25	1,835	865	970
$50,000 to $59,999	30	25	10	1,260	665	600
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	0	975	600	375
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	680	430	250
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	5	540	355	180
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	0	370	250	120
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	770	605	170
$100,000 to $149,999	10	5	0	585	455	130
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	190	150	40
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	625	330	295	18,625	8,760	9,870
Without after-tax income	20	5	10	685	325	360
With after-tax income	605	325	285	17,945	8,435	9,510
Percentage with after-tax income	96.8	98.5	96.6	96.3	96.3	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	85	30	55	2,655	1,180	1,480
$10,000 to $19,999	175	75	100	3,780	1,475	2,305
$20,000 to $29,999	145	80	65	3,455	1,340	2,115
$30,000 to $39,999	110	70	40	2,605	1,170	1,440
$40,000 to $49,999	45	35	15	1,900	950	950
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	1,275	765	510
$60,000 to $69,999	10	10	0	855	550	310
$70,000 to $79,999	10	0	5	610	395	215
$80,000 and over	0	5	5	805	620	185
$80,000 to $89,999	0	5	0	310	240	75
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	165	130	30
$100,000 and over	0	0	0	340	250	85
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	625	330	295	18,625	8,760	9,870
Without employment income	255	115	135	6,450	2,705	3,745
With employment income	370	215	160	12,175	6,050	6,125
Percentage with employment income	59.2	65.2	54.2	65.4	69.1	62.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	50	30	20	2,490	1,205	1,285
$5,000 to $9,999	35	10	25	945	380	570
$10,000 to $19,999	65	35	35	1,645	665	980
$20,000 to $29,999	80	45	30	1,520	665	850
$30,000 to $39,999	50	30	25	1,355	565	790
$40,000 to $49,999	40	25	15	1,085	505	580
$50,000 to $59,999	20	15	5	770	420	350
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	5	630	400	230
$70,000 to $79,999	0	5	0	535	340	190
$80,000 and over	10	10	0	1,205	910	290
$80,000 to $89,999	0	0	5	410	265	140
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	0	270	200	75
$100,000 and over	5	0	5	530	445	80
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	325	...	...	9,975	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	44,288	...	...	54,510	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	42,112	...	...	49,018	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	105	...	...	3,370	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	19,904	...	...	29,056	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	19,808	...	...	26,837	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	225	...	...	6,605	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	59,520	...	...	72,589	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	53,888	...	...	64,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	335	...	...	9,985	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	51,280	...	...	68,324	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	45,217	...	...	59,211	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	3,380	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,691	...	...	36,090	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,619	...	...	31,836	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	215	...	...	6,605	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,737	...	...	84,823	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	57,037	...	...	73,223	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	325	...	...	9,975	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	135	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	145	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	430	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	600	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	635	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	30	...	...	550	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	555	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	535	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	20	...	...	540	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	525	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	810	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	30	...	...	760	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30	...	...	660	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	570	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	460	...	...
$100,000 and over	30	...	...	2,075	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	845	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	525	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	0	...	...	460	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	325	...	...	9,975	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	145	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	10	...	...	140	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	435	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	35	...	...	620	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	20	...	...	740	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	35	...	...	620	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	650	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	635	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	25	...	...	595	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15	...	...	505	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	35	...	...	940	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	35	...	...	830	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	25	...	...	725	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	555	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	420	...	...
$100,000 and over	10	...	...	1,420	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5	...	...	720	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	0	...	...	345	...	...
$150,000 and over	0	...	...	350	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	215	...	...	6,315	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	58,539	...	...	72,342	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	53,504	...	...	64,393	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	120	...	...	2,700	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,504	...	...	71,305	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	48,128	...	...	63,433	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.1	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	70	...	...	2,130	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	72,960	...	...	96,085	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	66,688	...	...	83,220	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	20	...	...	1,265	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,072	...	...	42,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,000	...	...	39,840	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	210	...	...	6,365	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,793	...	...	84,011	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	56,928	...	...	72,441	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	120	...	...	2,665	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,140	...	...	80,926	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	52,144	...	...	69,334	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	2,130	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	73,976	...	...	108,870	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	65,671	...	...	93,119	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	1,315	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	52,096	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,728	...	...	46,715	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	125	80	50	4,340	1,925	2,415
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	19,904	20,608	19,051	27,293	28,032	26,571
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	19,776	20,416	19,051	25,211	26,112	24,872
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	140	75	65	4,240	1,945	2,295
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	25,179	22,577	28,149	34,762	38,554	31,548
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	22,518	20,892	24,375	30,675	33,335	28,420
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	715	380	335	22,490	10,720	11,765
In the bottom half of the distribution	585	315	270	13,895	6,450	7,440
In the bottom decile	70	40	30	3,490	1,655	1,835
In the second decile	150	80	75	3,225	1,410	1,820
In the third decile	145	75	65	2,685	1,260	1,430
In the fourth decile	105	60	45	2,320	1,100	1,225
In the fifth decile	115	65	50	2,160	1,025	1,130
In the top half of the distribution	130	65	65	8,590	4,270	4,325
In the sixth decile	55	25	25	2,200	1,085	1,110
In the seventh decile	25	15	10	2,080	1,020	1,055
In the eighth decile	40	20	15	1,640	800	840
In the ninth decile	15	5	5	1,600	815	790
In the top decile	5	0	0	1,070	545	525
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	715	380	335	21,245	10,070	11,175
0 to 17 years	115	65	50	4,255	2,150	2,110
0 to 5 years	35	20	15	1,305	675	630
18 to 64 years	440	225	210	12,115	5,695	6,420
65 years and over	160	90	75	4,870	2,225	2,640
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	165	90	75	4,460	1,990	2,470
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	1,285	640	650
0 to 5 years	15	0	5	445	235	210
18 to 64 years	75	45	35	2,410	1,065	1,340
65 years and over	65	35	35	770	285	485
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.1	23.7	22.4	21.0	19.8	22.1
0 to 17 years (%)	17.4	15.4	20.0	30.2	29.8	30.8
0 to 5 years (%)	42.9	0.0	33.3	34.1	34.8	33.3
18 to 64 years (%)	17.0	20.0	16.7	19.9	18.7	20.9
65 years and over (%)	40.6	38.9	46.7	15.8	12.8	18.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	40	30	10	1,930	935	1,000
0 to 17 years	0	0	5	500	245	250
0 to 5 years	5	0	5	175	95	85
18 to 64 years	35	25	10	1,350	650	700
65 years and over	5	0	0	80	40	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.6	7.9	3.0	9.1	9.3	8.9
0 to 17 years (%)	0.0	0.0	10.0	11.8	11.4	11.8
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	0.0	33.3	13.4	14.1	13.5
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	11.1	4.8	11.1	11.4	10.9
65 years and over (%)	3.1	0.0	0.0	1.6	1.8	1.5
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	695	355	345	22,575	10,815	11,760
Official languages	695	355	340	22,380	10,725	11,655
English	145	70	75	22,380	10,725	11,660
French	695	355	345	1,500	675	825
Non-official languages	15	10	0	2,745	1,255	1,490
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	260	115	150
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	245	110	140
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	240	105	135
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	2,480	1,140	1,340
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	35	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	60	35	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	170	65	110
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	0	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	140	50	90
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	35	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	40	30	20
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	1,820	875	945
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	155	85	75
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	155	75	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	20	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	40	15	25
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	635	295	340
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	10	15
Danish	0	0	0	20	0	15
Dutch	0	0	0	230	100	130
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	340	180	165
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	20	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	555	285	270
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	550	285	265
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	85	50	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	455	225	230
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	50	30	30
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	15	10	0	500	230	270
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Romanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Spanish	10	10	10	390	175	215
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	20	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	0	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	20	10	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	55	20	35
American Sign Language	0	0	0	35	0	30
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	155	60	95
Chinese languages	0	0	0	150	60	90
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	30	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	100	30	75
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	65	20	40
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	25	0	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	695	355	340	22,575	10,820	11,760
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	695	355	340	21,675	10,405	11,270
Canadian citizens aged under 18	105	60	45	4,545	2,280	2,265
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	590	300	295	17,135	8,125	9,010
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	900	410	485
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	695	355	340	22,575	10,815	11,755
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	700	355	340	19,355	9,355	10,000
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	3,085	1,385	1,705
Before 1981	0	0	0	1,740	805	935
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	280	115	170
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	315	120	195
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	410	160	245
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	165	70	100
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	240	90	150
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	345	185	160
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	135	80	55
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	3,085	1,380	1,705
Under 5 years	0	0	0	430	185	245
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	605	315	285
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	795	360	435
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	1,075	455	620
45 years and over	0	0	0	185	60	120
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	3,085	1,380	1,700
Americas	0	0	0	490	210	285
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mexico	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	355	150	205
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	85	35	45
Europe	0	0	0	1,600	735	870
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	10	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	0	0	0	15	10	10
Germany	0	0	0	175	95	75
Greece	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	30	15	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Italy	0	0	0	35	15	20
Netherlands	0	0	0	205	90	115
Poland	0	0	0	25	10	15
Portugal	0	0	0	15	0	15
Romania	0	0	0	40	20	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	835	400	440
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	125	35	85
Africa	0	0	0	85	45	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kenya	0	0	0	20	10	20
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	0	20
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	25	0
Asia	0	0	0	810	355	460
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	90	30	60
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	340	150	190
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	30	15	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	15	15
Philippines	0	0	0	160	60	100
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	15	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	55	40	20
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	95	45	50
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	345	180	160
Americas	0	0	0	35	10	30
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	50	35	20
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	10	15
Asia	0	0	0	225	135	90
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	40	30	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Philippines	0	0	0	65	40	25
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	40	15	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	695	355	340	22,575	10,815	11,755
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	3,380	1,530	1,850
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	20	10	15	4,470	2,125	2,350
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	680	350	330	14,725	7,160	7,560
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	1,395	605	795
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	615	290	320
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	245	140	110
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	370	155	215
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	635	230	410
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	130	75	55
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	695	360	340	22,575	10,820	11,755
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	0	0	3,610	1,695	1,915
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	0	0	3,535	1,670	1,865
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	2,975	1,445	1,530
Métis	10	10	0	550	225	330
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	45	15	30
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	690	350	340	18,965	9,120	9,845
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	695	355	340	22,575	10,815	11,760
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	2,745	1,325	1,425
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	695	355	340	19,825	9,490	10,335
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	695	355	340	22,575	10,815	11,760
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	0	10	1,945	955	990
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	0	10	1,930	950	980
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	10	10	1,860	915	950
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	65	35	30
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	20	15	10	1,700	755	945
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	25	15	10	1,535	690	845
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	1,080	500	575
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	450	185	265
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	165	65	100
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	170	70	100
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	655	335	325	18,925	9,105	9,825
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	695	355	340	22,575	10,815	11,760
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	1,750	820	930
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	720	370	350
Chinese	0	0	0	220	100	120
Black	0	0	0	130	70	60
Filipino	0	0	0	240	85	150
Latin American	0	0	0	80	25	50
Arab	0	0	0	55	35	20
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	100	45	50
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Japanese	0	0	0	115	40	75
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	45	15	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	695	355	340	20,820	9,990	10,825
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	695	355	340	22,575	10,820	11,755
North American Aboriginal origins	40	20	20	3,650	1,715	1,935
First Nations (North American Indian)	35	20	20	3,125	1,490	1,635
Inuit	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis	0	10	0	700	295	410
Other North American origins	500	265	235	6,220	2,975	3,240
Acadian	0	0	0	15	10	10
American	0	0	0	505	245	260
Canadian	500	265	230	5,865	2,815	3,050
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	0	20	10	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	245	120	125	16,290	7,625	8,660
British Isles origins	45	20	25	12,520	5,745	6,775
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	0	0	0	8,465	3,820	4,655
Irish	45	15	25	3,790	1,650	2,145
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish	10	10	0	5,705	2,525	3,180
Welsh	0	0	0	895	425	475
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	655	260	395
French origins	180	90	90	2,205	950	1,255
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	185	90	95	2,210	955	1,260
Western European origins (except French origins)	30	15	20	4,340	2,155	2,180
Austrian	10	10	0	215	120	95
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	115	60	60
Dutch	0	0	0	1,410	675	735
Flemish	0	0	0	15	15	0
Frisian	0	0	0	15	10	10
German	25	10	15	3,015	1,515	1,500
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	100	40	60
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	2,055	950	1,105
Danish	0	0	0	335	140	195
Finnish	0	0	0	215	120	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	210	100	110
Norwegian	0	0	0	735	315	420
Swedish	0	0	0	705	330	375
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	90	35	50
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	2,325	1,090	1,235
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	100	35	65
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	50	25	30
Estonian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	215	100	115
Latvian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Polish	0	0	0	630	300	330
Romanian	0	0	0	165	90	75
Russian	0	0	0	425	205	220
Slovak	0	0	0	45	25	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	1,045	455	590
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Southern European origins	0	0	0	1,100	540	560
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	60	35	30
Italian	0	0	0	660	320	340
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	15	15	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	100	40	60
Serbian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Spanish	0	0	0	210	100	115
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	10	10	0	115	55	60
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	50	25	25
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	50	25	30
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	90	35	50
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	40	10	25
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	180	90	90
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	40	20	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0	45	10	35
Colombian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	85	50	35
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	0	0	0	200	95	105
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	20	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	10	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	85	25	55
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	45	0	40
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	20	15	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	70	45	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	60	35	25
Asian origins	0	0	0	1,620	750	870
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	115	65	50
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	45	35	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	740	375	365
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	700	345	350
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	10	0	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	35	25	15
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	760	315	450
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	290	125	165
Filipino	0	0	0	245	90	150
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Japanese	0	0	0	115	35	75
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	25	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oceania origins	0	0	0	185	85	105
Australian	0	0	0	95	30	70
New Zealander	0	0	0	60	40	25
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	30	15	15
Fijian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	335	...	...	9,990	...	...
Owner	290	...	...	6,600	...	...
Renter	50	...	...	3,345	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	340	...	...	9,990	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	1,695	...	...
Not condominium	340	...	...	8,295	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	340	...	...	9,990	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	45	...	...
1 bedroom	40	...	...	1,235	...	...
2 bedrooms	100	...	...	3,040	...	...
3 bedrooms	105	...	...	3,415	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	95	...	...	2,250	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	340	...	...	9,990	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	80	...	...	2,730	...	...
5 rooms	75	...	...	1,820	...	...
6 rooms	50	...	...	1,490	...	...
7 rooms	40	...	...	1,200	...	...
8 or more rooms	95	...	...	2,740	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	335	...	...	9,990	...	...
One person or fewer per room	335	...	...	9,885	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	105	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	340	...	...	9,990	...	...
Suitable	330	...	...	9,610	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	335	...	...	9,990	...	...
1960 or before	135	...	...	1,540	...	...
1961 to 1980	50	...	...	3,125	...	...
1981 to 1990	80	...	...	1,445	...	...
1991 to 2000	40	...	...	2,140	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	455	...	...
2006 to 2010	25	...	...	835	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	450	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	340	...	...	9,990	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	305	...	...	9,290	...	...
Major repairs needed	30	...	...	700	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	340	...	...	9,990	...	...
1 household maintainer	240	...	...	6,405	...	...
2 household maintainers	100	...	...	3,375	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	335	...	...	9,990	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	230	...	...
25 to 34 years	25	...	...	1,130	...	...
35 to 44 years	35	...	...	1,425	...	...
45 to 54 years	75	...	...	1,810	...	...
55 to 64 years	75	...	...	2,015	...	...
65 to 74 years	65	...	...	1,740	...	...
75 to 84 years	50	...	...	1,130	...	...
85 years and over	20	...	...	510	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	335	...	...	9,665	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	295	...	...	6,955	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	40	...	...	2,710	...	...
30% to less than 100%	35	...	...	2,415	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	290	...	...	6,405	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.3	...	...	57.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.3	...	...	16.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	557	...	...	910	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	724	...	...	1,047	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	125,137	...	...	324,467	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	156,182	...	...	337,166	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50	...	...	3,265	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	14.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	50.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	573	...	...	849	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	498	...	...	919	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	625	315	310	18,685	8,840	9,845
No certificate, diploma or degree	285	140	145	3,970	1,940	2,030
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	105	50	60	5,745	2,790	2,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	240	125	115	8,970	4,115	4,855
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	125	85	40	2,055	1,520	535
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	85	55	35	910	530	375
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	35	30	10	1,145	985	165
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	70	25	40	3,565	1,210	2,360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	10	15	675	215	460
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30	10	25	2,675	1,175	1,505
Bachelor's degree	25	10	15	1,700	700	1,005
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	290	125	170
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	100	50	50
Master's degree	0	0	10	520	250	270
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	65	50	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	380	185	200	11,320	5,310	6,010
No certificate, diploma or degree	150	80	75	1,625	865	760
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	65	30	35	3,550	1,805	1,745
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	170	80	90	6,150	2,645	3,500
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	95	55	40	1,370	1,000	370
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	65	30	35	610	330	280
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	30	25	10	760	665	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	40	25	20	2,515	825	1,690
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	460	145	310
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	25	0	20	1,810	675	1,140
Bachelor's degree	15	0	15	1,195	445	745
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	10	210	65	140
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	75	30	45
Master's degree	10	0	0	315	120	200
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	625	315	315	18,685	8,835	9,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	385	185	200	9,720	4,725	4,995
Education	20	10	15	715	225	495
13. Education	20	10	10	715	225	495
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	275	115	160
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	45	45	10
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	230	75	155
Humanities	10	10	0	330	110	215
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	45	10	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	75	15	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	90	10	80
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	25	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	55	35	20
54. History	0	0	0	35	20	15
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	15	905	270	640
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	0	15
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	10	75	20	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	220	10	210
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	160	40	115
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	10	0	10	155	50	95
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	285	150	135
Business, management and public administration	40	15	30	1,490	490	995
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	140	40	100
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	25	1,345	450	895
Physical and life sciences and technologies	10	10	0	270	145	125
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	95	50	45
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	60	25	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	10	90	70	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	25	0	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	210	140	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	170	120	45
25. Library science	0	0	0	10	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	80	70	0	1,915	1,820	100
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	30	10	20
14. Engineering	0	0	0	190	160	30
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	25	15	10	320	285	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	20	0	555	550	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	30	0	530	530	0
48. Precision production	0	0	0	300	290	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	245	160	85
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	150	95	45
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	100	65	35
Health and related fields	20	0	25	1,895	275	1,620
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	75	20	50
51. Health professions and related programs	20	0	25	1,800	245	1,555
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	20	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	30	10	715	360	360
12. Personal and culinary services	15	10	0	460	145	315
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	40	25	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	200	175	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	385	185	200	11,320	5,310	6,010
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	215	105	110	5,175	2,665	2,505
Education	10	0	10	400	115	280
13. Education	10	0	0	400	115	280
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	215	90	130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	35	30	0
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	180	60	125
Humanities	0	0	0	205	70	130
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	35	10	30
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	10	20
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	60	10	55
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	35	20	10
54. History	0	0	0	20	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	15	695	145	550
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	65	10	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	205	10	200
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	120	10	105
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	0	0	10
42. Psychology	10	0	0	95	25	70
45. Social sciences	0	0	10	195	90	105
Business, management and public administration	35	0	25	1,005	315	690
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	90	10	75
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	25	915	305	610
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	180	80	100
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	60	25	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	45	15	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	45	30	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	20	0	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	10	0	10	160	95	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	135	95	50
25. Library science	10	0	0	15	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	55	50	10	1,265	1,200	70
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	25	10	20
14. Engineering	0	0	0	110	90	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	20	15	10	200	180	20
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	390	385	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	15	15	0	335	335	0
48. Precision production	0	10	0	210	200	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	160	100	65
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	90	60	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	70	40	25
Health and related fields	15	0	15	1,375	200	1,175
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	55	10	45
51. Health professions and related programs	20	0	15	1,300	190	1,120
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	15	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	35	20	10	495	240	260
12. Personal and culinary services	10	0	10	345	120	225
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	25	10	15
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	20	0	115	95	20
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	625	315	315	18,685	8,840	9,845
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	385	190	200	9,715	4,725	4,995
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	240	125	115	8,970	4,115	4,855
Location of study inside Canada	235	125	115	7,840	3,605	4,230
Same as province or territory of residence	235	125	110	6,055	2,670	3,385
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	1,780	930	850
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,130	505	620
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	240	125	115
Philippines	0	0	0	75	20	50
India	0	0	0	105	50	55
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	320	145	180
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	10
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other	0	0	0	365	155	205
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	385	185	200	11,325	5,310	6,010
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	215	105	110	5,175	2,665	2,505
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	170	80	90	6,150	2,645	3,505
Location of study inside Canada	170	75	90	5,575	2,400	3,180
Same as province or territory of residence	165	75	90	4,525	1,865	2,665
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	1,050	535	515
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	570	245	325
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	135	55	75
Philippines	0	0	0	60	15	45
India	0	0	0	60	30	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	95	45	50
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	20	10	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	200	90	110
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	625	315	315	18,685	8,840	9,845
In the labour force	335	170	165	10,595	5,340	5,255
Employed	320	155	160	9,795	4,850	4,945
Unemployed	15	10	10	805	495	310
Not in the labour force	295	140	150	8,095	3,500	4,595
Participation rate	53.6	54.0	52.4	56.7	60.4	53.4
Employment rate	51.2	49.2	50.8	52.4	54.9	50.2
Unemployment rate	4.5	5.9	6.1	7.6	9.3	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	625	315	315	18,685	8,840	9,845
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	275	140	140	7,590	3,260	4,325
Worked	345	175	170	11,100	5,580	5,520
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	140	70	70	4,815	2,655	2,160
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	205	105	100	6,285	2,920	3,365
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.1	42.6	41.7	41.6	41.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	335	170	165	10,595	5,340	5,255
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	255	145	105
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	325	170	160	10,340	5,195	5,150
Employee	260	125	135	9,060	4,505	4,555
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	65	45	25	1,280	685	595
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	330	170	165	10,595	5,340	5,255
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	10	255	145	105
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	330	165	160	10,340	5,190	5,150
0 Management occupations	45	35	15	975	535	435
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	30	10	20	1,365	315	1,050
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	440	350	95
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	835	130	710
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	0	20	1,175	340	835
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	275	110	165
6 Sales and service occupations	65	20	40	2,875	1,170	1,710
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	55	60	0	1,690	1,625	65
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	330	280	50
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	90	40	55	370	335	35
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	335	175	160	10,595	5,340	5,250
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	250	150	105
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	325	165	155	10,340	5,195	5,150
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	10	0	360	285	70
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	100	95	10
22 Utilities	0	0	0	60	55	0
23 Construction	25	20	10	870	795	65
31-33 Manufacturing	110	55	50	815	670	150
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	170	125	40
44-45 Retail trade	30	10	15	1,655	785	870
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	15	0	275	230	45
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	160	65	95
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	280	75	205
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	175	100	75
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	15	0	10	420	175	245
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	10	10
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	475	270	210
61 Educational services	10	0	0	720	220	505
62 Health care and social assistance	40	0	35	1,540	305	1,230
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	240	100	130
72 Accommodation and food services	25	0	30	990	370	620
81 Other services (except public administration)	20	20	0	475	195	280
91 Public administration	10	10	0	550	260	285
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	320	160	155	9,795	4,845	4,945
Worked at home	20	0	15	555	210	340
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	25	15	0
No fixed workplace address	30	20	10	1,420	1,040	380
Worked at usual place	270	135	140	7,795	3,580	4,210
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	270	130	140	7,795	3,580	4,215
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	55	30	35	2,990	1,275	1,715
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	155	80	75	3,735	1,660	2,080
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	60	25	30	965	565	405
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	100	80	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	300	155	145	9,215	4,620	4,595
Car, truck, van - as a driver	255	135	125	7,320	3,730	3,590
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	0	0	645	320	325
Public transit	0	0	0	185	80	105
Walked	30	15	15	695	275	420
Bicycle	0	0	0	165	95	70
Other method	0	0	0	210	125	85
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	295	155	140	9,220	4,620	4,600
Less than 15 minutes	105	60	40	4,475	1,860	2,615
15 to 29 minutes	135	70	60	2,855	1,530	1,325
30 to 44 minutes	30	15	15	675	420	255
45 to 59 minutes	25	10	20	435	270	160
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	775	540	235
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	295	155	145	9,220	4,620	4,595
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	10	0	0	660	470	185
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	115	80	35	1,565	915	650
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	95	40	55	2,250	1,145	1,100
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	40	25	15	2,085	835	1,250
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	15	10	15	1,060	370	690
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	30	0	20	1,595	870	720
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	350	180	170	11,525	5,735	5,785
Single responses	350	180	170	11,465	5,715	5,755
Official languages	350	185	170	11,440	5,690	5,750
English	10	0	10	11,435	5,690	5,745
French	340	180	160	0	0	10
Non-official languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	55	20	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	350	180	170	11,520	5,735	5,790
None	325	175	150	11,275	5,640	5,635
English	20	10	10	15	0	10
French	10	0	15	85	45	45
Non-official language	0	0	0	130	40	85
Aboriginal	0	0	0	65	15	45
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	65	30	40
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	700	355	340	22,365	10,705	11,660
Non-movers	660	330	330	19,125	9,145	9,980
Movers	30	25	10	3,235	1,560	1,675
Non-migrants	0	0	0	1,770	860	915
Migrants	30	20	0	1,460	705	760
Internal migrants	30	20	10	1,295	610	685
Intraprovincial migrants	30	25	10	1,075	520	560
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	220	95	125
External migrants	0	0	0	165	90	75
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	685	345	345	21,355	10,170	11,185
Non-movers	530	265	265	12,275	5,840	6,440
Movers	155	80	80	9,080	4,330	4,750
Non-migrants	15	10	10	5,095	2,460	2,635
Migrants	140	70	70	3,985	1,870	2,115
Internal migrants	140	70	75	3,510	1,625	1,890
Intraprovincial migrants	140	70	75	2,655	1,225	1,430
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	855	400	455
External migrants	0	0	0	475	245	230

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Édouard-de-Maskinongé, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Duncan [Population centre], British Columbia