Census Profile, 2016 Census
Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Emerson, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Côte-Saint-Luc, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Emerson, LUD Manitoba [Designated place]
	Data quality , Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Emerson, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	32,448	...	...	678	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	32,321	...	...	661^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.4	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	14,376	...	...	310	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	13,490	...	...	307	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,662.5	...	...	79.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	6.96	...	...	8.57	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	32,450	14,910	17,540	675	340	340
0 to 14 years	5,655	2,895	2,755	120	65	50
0 to 4 years	1,885	960	920	35	25	15
5 to 9 years	2,025	1,050	970	50	30	25
10 to 14 years	1,745	885	865	35	20	15
15 to 64 years	17,305	8,195	9,110	370	180	195
15 to 19 years	1,635	830	810	25	20	10
20 to 24 years	1,580	815	765	25	15	15
25 to 29 years	1,440	700	740	30	15	15
30 to 34 years	1,650	730	925	30	15	15
35 to 39 years	2,075	955	1,120	35	15	15
40 to 44 years	1,935	915	1,015	35	20	20
45 to 49 years	1,770	855	915	30	10	10
50 to 54 years	1,680	790	890	35	15	20
55 to 59 years	1,660	785	880	65	30	40
60 to 64 years	1,880	825	1,055	50	25	25
65 years and over	9,485	3,810	5,670	190	90	95
65 to 69 years	2,195	975	1,225	55	30	30
70 to 74 years	1,870	795	1,075	35	20	20
75 to 79 years	1,610	665	940	25	15	15
80 to 84 years	1,465	560	900	20	15	5
85 years and over	2,345	820	1,525	50	20	30
85 to 89 years	1,205	470	735	25	5	20
90 to 94 years	845	265	575	20	10	10
95 to 99 years	250	70	180	5	0	0
100 years and over	45	10	35	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.4	19.4	15.7	17.8	19.1	14.7
15 to 64 years	53.3	55.0	51.9	54.8	52.9	57.4
65 years and over	29.2	25.6	32.3	28.1	26.5	27.9
85 years and over	7.2	5.5	8.7	7.4	5.9	8.8
Average age of the population	45.8	43.3	47.9	46.4	44.7	48.2
Median age of the population	45.7	42.8	48.4	50.5	47.0	52.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	13,490	...	...	305	...	...
Single-detached house	1,980	...	...	255	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	7,195	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	4,310	...	...	45	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,500	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	700	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	710	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,400	...	...	45	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	13,490	...	...	305	...	...
1 person	4,705	...	...	120	...	...
2 persons	4,155	...	...	110	...	...
3 persons	1,865	...	...	35	...	...
4 persons	1,670	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	1,095	...	...	20	...	...
Number of persons in private households	31,430	...	...	645	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	26,790	12,015	14,780	555	270	290
Married or living common law	15,070	7,485	7,585	325	160	165
Married	14,100	7,005	7,095	280	135	135
Living common law	975	485	490	50	25	25
Not married and not living common law	11,715	4,525	7,195	230	105	130
Never married	6,315	3,205	3,105	110	60	50
Separated	515	190	330	15	5	10
Divorced	2,140	730	1,410	40	20	20
Widowed	2,745	400	2,345	70	20	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	8,610	...	...	180	...	...
2 persons	4,160	...	...	115	...	...
3 persons	1,830	...	...	30	...	...
4 persons	1,645	...	...	25	...	...
5 or more persons	975	...	...	15	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	8,615	...	...	180	...	...
Total couple families	7,250	...	...	155	...	...
Married couples	6,765	...	...	130	...	...
Common-law couples	485	...	...	20	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,360	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	1,160	...	...	20	...	...
Male parent	200	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	7,255	...	...	155	...	...
Couples without children	3,320	...	...	100	...	...
Couples with children	3,935	...	...	55	...	...
1 child	1,445	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	1,535	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	955	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,360	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	840	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	385	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	130	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,645	1,945	3,700	145	70	80
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	13,490	...	...	305	...	...
One-census-family households	8,415	...	...	175	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	3,245	...	...	95	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5,170	...	...	80	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	95	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	4,980	...	...	130	...	...
One-person households	4,705	...	...	120	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	275	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	31,770	14,690	17,085	655	330	325
English only	8,580	3,550	5,030	610	305	305
French only	2,275	1,005	1,270	0	0	0
English and French	20,260	9,840	10,420	40	20	20
Neither English nor French	660	295	365	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	31,770	14,685	17,080	655	330	325
English	19,520	8,950	10,565	635	315	320
French	8,030	3,755	4,280	20	10	5
English and French	3,575	1,700	1,880	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	645	285	360	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	21,305	9,805	11,505	20	15	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	67.1	66.8	67.4	3.1	4.5	3.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	31,770	14,690	17,080	650	330	325
Single responses	30,360	14,040	16,315	640	325	320
Official languages	18,905	8,735	10,175	565	275	285
English	12,855	5,905	6,945	540	265	280
French	6,050	2,830	3,225	20	10	5
Non-official languages	11,450	5,310	6,140	75	45	35
Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	0	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	5	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,450	5,310	6,140	75	40	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,485	775	710	0	0	0
Berber languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	5	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,470	765	700	0	0	0
Amharic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Arabic	495	245	245	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	940	505	435	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	65	30	35	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	30	35	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	560	180	375	0	0	0
Bikol	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	10	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	450	140	310	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	30	20	15	0	0	0
Telugu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,875	3,665	4,210	65	35	30
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	25	5	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,945	1,365	1,585	15	10	10
Baltic languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,925	1,355	1,565	15	10	5
Belarusan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	275	135	140	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	25	10	15	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	230	85	145	0	5	5
Russian	2,180	1,020	1,155	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	35	15	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	125	65	70	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	800	315	485	40	25	20
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dutch	20	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	160	50	110	35	20	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	605	255	355	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	105	55	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,595	785	815	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	165	75	95	0	0	0
Bengali	40	20	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	30	10	20	0	0	0
Hindi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,425	705	715	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,405	700	710	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,405	1,145	1,260	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	655	310	345	0	0	0
Portuguese	135	65	70	5	5	5
Romanian	880	415	470	0	0	0
Spanish	725	350	375	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	280	135	150	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Mongolian	45	20	30	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	85	40	45	5	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	5	5	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	5	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	390	185	200	0	0	0
Chinese languages	390	185	205	5	0	0
Cantonese	115	55	55	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	235	110	120	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	65	35	30	0	0	0
Uyghur	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	455	175	275	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	440	170	270	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,415	650	765	10	5	0
English and French	460	220	245	0	0	0
English and non-official language	510	210	300	5	10	0
French and non-official language	260	125	135	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	185	95	95	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	31,770	14,690	17,085	650	330	325
Single responses	29,130	13,495	15,635	640	315	320
Official languages	22,385	10,270	12,115	620	310	310
English	17,435	7,905	9,525	620	305	315
French	4,955	2,365	2,590	5	5	0
Non-official languages	6,745	3,225	3,520	15	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,745	3,225	3,520	15	10	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	635	315	320	0	0	5
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	630	310	320	5	5	0
Amharic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	215	100	115	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	395	200	200	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	50	25	25	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	55	30	25	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	270	110	155	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	250	100	150	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	5	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,930	2,390	2,545	5	5	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,225	1,075	1,150	0	5	0
Baltic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,215	1,075	1,145	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	240	120	125	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	60	25	35	5	0	0
Russian	1,795	870	925	0	0	0
Serbian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	15	25	5	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	5	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	25	15	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,380	680	695	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	100	45	50	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,275	630	645	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,265	630	635	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,250	595	655	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	180	85	100	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	40	45	0	0	0
Romanian	615	295	325	0	0	0
Spanish	360	175	185	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	240	110	125	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Mongolian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	320	155	165	0	0	0
Chinese languages	320	155	165	0	0	0
Cantonese	80	40	40	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	210	100	110	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	140	50	85	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	140	55	85	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,645	1,195	1,450	15	10	5
English and French	795	370	430	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,065	475	595	15	10	5
French and non-official language	380	165	215	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	395	185	210	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	31,770	14,690	17,085	650	325	325
None	22,665	10,395	12,265	605	305	305
English	2,910	1,385	1,525	10	10	5
French	2,445	1,195	1,250	5	5	5
Non-official language	2,825	1,255	1,570	25	10	10
Aboriginal	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,820	1,255	1,570	15	5	10
English and French	455	205	255	0	0	0
English and non-official language	155	80	75	0	5	0
French and non-official language	295	150	145	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	25	15	10	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	25,770	11,700	14,070	530	255	270
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,775	11,225	13,550	505	245	265
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,245	33,280	30,034	32,555	37,888	28,480
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,780	11,230	13,550	510	245	260
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,750	30,238	27,797	29,397	34,048	25,344
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	22,055	10,105	11,955	470	230	245
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,171	31,264	24,082	29,120	33,216	25,504
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	20,490	8,660	11,825	390	175	210
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,159	5,683	10,689	8,448	8,608	8,416
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	15,420	7,670	7,745	345	170	180
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,075	29,403	23,621	30,560	36,011	27,925
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	25,750	11,670	14,085	565	275	290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,750	11,190	13,560	545	260	280
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	51,547	61,769	43,107	41,942	50,239	34,214
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,750	11,190	13,560	545	265	280
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,692	47,172	35,343	35,126	41,287	29,388
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	21,900	10,000	11,900	535	250	280
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,309	62,002	38,641	36,594	46,610	27,687
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	20,565	8,705	11,860	385	165	215
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,528	8,188	10,512	8,705	8,955	8,511
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	15,410	7,715	7,690	390	175	215
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,697	54,701	34,664	36,026	46,608	27,359
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	25,750	11,665	14,080	565	275	295
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	6,225	3,555	2,670	175	110	70
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,642	50,407	44,746	52,944	58,992	52,828
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	66,828	76,584	53,818	60,663	68,274	49,048
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.6	89.8	78.5	83.6	87.8	78.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	53.3	59.8	45.7	57.6	56.7	57.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.4	10.2	21.5	16.9	13.7	21.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	25,775	11,700	14,075	525	255	270
Without total income	995	470	525	20	15	10
With total income	24,775	11,225	13,550	505	245	265
Percentage with total income	96.1	95.9	96.3	96.2	96.1	98.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,700	1,825	1,870	45	25	20
$10,000 to $19,999	4,425	1,830	2,595	90	30	65
$20,000 to $29,999	3,845	1,545	2,300	85	40	50
$30,000 to $39,999	2,855	1,180	1,675	90	40	45
$40,000 to $49,999	2,260	865	1,400	65	35	30
$50,000 to $59,999	1,705	715	990	40	25	15
$60,000 to $69,999	1,295	565	730	30	20	15
$70,000 to $79,999	955	455	500	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	715	340	380	15	5	10
$90,000 to $99,999	540	275	265	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	2,475	1,630	850	20	15	0
$100,000 to $149,999	1,280	785	495	10	15	0
$150,000 and over	1,195	845	350	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	25,770	11,700	14,070	530	255	270
Without after-tax income	995	475	525	20	10	5
With after-tax income	24,780	11,230	13,555	510	250	260
Percentage with after-tax income	96.2	96.0	96.3	96.2	98.0	96.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,815	1,865	1,955	55	25	25
$10,000 to $19,999	4,620	1,915	2,705	100	35	70
$20,000 to $29,999	4,430	1,800	2,635	115	45	65
$30,000 to $39,999	3,510	1,420	2,095	100	50	50
$40,000 to $49,999	2,505	995	1,510	55	30	20
$50,000 to $59,999	1,685	765	925	45	25	15
$60,000 to $69,999	1,135	540	595	25	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	750	410	340	10	10	0
$80,000 and over	2,320	1,525	795	20	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	530	310	220	5	10	5
$90,000 to $99,999	350	215	135	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,440	995	440	10	5	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	25,770	11,700	14,075	525	260	270
Without employment income	10,355	4,030	6,330	185	90	90
With employment income	15,420	7,670	7,745	345	165	180
Percentage with employment income	59.8	65.6	55.0	65.7	63.5	66.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,555	1,220	1,335	55	20	30
$5,000 to $9,999	1,375	635	740	20	10	10
$10,000 to $19,999	2,470	1,095	1,375	40	15	30
$20,000 to $29,999	2,060	950	1,115	50	25	25
$30,000 to $39,999	1,575	710	865	50	25	30
$40,000 to $49,999	1,155	520	640	35	15	20
$50,000 to $59,999	915	460	460	30	20	10
$60,000 to $69,999	630	325	305	20	10	10
$70,000 to $79,999	590	290	300	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	2,095	1,475	620	35	25	5
$80,000 to $89,999	375	220	155	15	10	0
$90,000 to $99,999	300	200	100	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	1,420	1,055	365	15	15	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	13,490	...	...	305	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	58,935	...	...	53,824	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	52,120	...	...	48,256	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	4,705	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,506	...	...	27,200	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,480	...	...	25,152	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	8,785	...	...	185	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,265	...	...	71,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	69,333	...	...	64,000	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	13,490	...	...	310	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,570	...	...	73,452	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	74,656	...	...	61,515	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	4,695	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,525	...	...	28,334	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,455	...	...	25,716	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	8,790	...	...	220	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	117,032	...	...	92,739	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	92,393	...	...	76,819	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	13,490	...	...	305	...	...
Under $5,000	300	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	210	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	415	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	690	...	...	25	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	780	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	660	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	720	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	670	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	640	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	645	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,115	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	955	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	710	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	635	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	540	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,810	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,000	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	705	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	865	...	...	10	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,235	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	13,490	...	...	305	...	...
Under $5,000	330	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	225	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	420	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	710	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	840	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	745	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	870	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	835	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	745	...	...	15	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	725	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,265	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	975	...	...	35	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	815	...	...	20	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	635	...	...	15	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	530	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	2,830	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	945	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	610	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,280	...	...	5	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	8,625	...	...	180	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,608	...	...	71,936	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	69,620	...	...	64,000	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	3,205	...	...	95	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,153	...	...	71,253	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,925	...	...	62,080	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	3,945	...	...	55	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,673	...	...	78,592	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	81,792	...	...	72,448	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,305	...	...	25	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,603	...	...	45,184	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,312	...	...	39,296	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	8,645	...	...	205	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	117,785	...	...	93,893	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,881	...	...	77,531	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	3,200	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	127,133	...	...	93,426	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,291	...	...	75,383	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	3,915	...	...	75	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	131,693	...	...	98,297	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,709	...	...	83,540	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,355	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	61,527	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,225	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	5,160	1,780	3,380	140	65	75
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	31,835	30,217	32,576	27,072	26,816	27,200
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,282	27,883	30,120	25,088	25,152	25,024
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	5,115	1,760	3,355	125	60	65
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	50,397	51,634	49,747	28,432	24,811	31,652
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,956	40,508	39,666	25,656	22,368	28,579
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	31,430	14,600	16,830	645	325	320
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,720	7,985	9,740	440	220	220
In the bottom decile	3,555	1,620	1,945	55	25	25
In the second decile	3,950	1,705	2,245	105	55	55
In the third decile	4,045	1,850	2,200	100	45	55
In the fourth decile	3,465	1,575	1,885	70	40	35
In the fifth decile	2,710	1,235	1,465	110	55	50
In the top half of the distribution	13,710	6,615	7,095	205	105	100
In the sixth decile	2,575	1,180	1,395	70	40	35
In the seventh decile	2,440	1,150	1,290	55	30	30
In the eighth decile	2,315	1,155	1,160	20	10	10
In the ninth decile	2,555	1,245	1,305	30	15	15
In the top decile	3,825	1,885	1,940	25	10	15
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	31,430	14,600	16,830	645	325	320
0 to 17 years	6,665	3,415	3,250	135	75	60
0 to 5 years	2,265	1,165	1,105	40	25	15
18 to 64 years	16,260	7,655	8,600	345	160	185
65 years and over	8,505	3,530	4,980	165	80	80
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	5,670	2,530	3,140	105	60	50
0 to 17 years	1,300	680	620	30	20	10
0 to 5 years	425	230	195	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,175	1,455	1,715	40	20	20
65 years and over	1,195	395	800	40	15	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.0	17.3	18.7	16.3	18.5	15.6
0 to 17 years (%)	19.5	19.9	19.1	22.2	26.7	16.7
0 to 5 years (%)	18.8	19.7	17.6	12.5	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	19.5	19.0	19.9	11.6	12.5	10.8
65 years and over (%)	14.1	11.2	16.1	24.2	18.8	31.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	4,215	1,870	2,345	25	10	10
0 to 17 years	950	475	475	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	310	165	145	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	2,500	1,155	1,350	15	10	5
65 years and over	760	235	525	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	13.4	12.8	13.9	3.9	3.1	3.1
0 to 17 years (%)	14.3	13.9	14.6	3.7	0.0	8.3
0 to 5 years (%)	13.7	14.2	13.1	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	15.4	15.1	15.7	4.3	6.3	2.7
65 years and over (%)	8.9	6.7	10.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	31,430	14,600	16,830	705	340	365
Official languages	30,720	14,275	16,450	705	340	370
English	28,575	13,245	15,330	705	340	370
French	22,305	10,845	11,460	50	0	40
Non-official languages	17,290	7,990	9,300	150	90	60
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	17,290	7,985	9,300	150	90	60
Afro-Asiatic languages	5,560	2,770	2,795	25	10	10
Berber languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	15	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5,555	2,765	2,790	25	10	15
Amharic	60	20	35	0	0	0
Arabic	1,135	570	565	25	15	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	4,550	2,285	2,265	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	95	45	55	40	25	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	95	45	50	40	25	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	915	275	645	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	0	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	15	30	0	0	0
Malagasy	20	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	895	260	635	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	80	25	55	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	55	10	45	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	30	20	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10,650	4,945	5,710	80	45	30
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	50	25	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,485	1,665	1,825	20	15	10
Baltic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,480	1,660	1,825	25	10	15
Belarusan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	230	120	110	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	35	0	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	225	100	120	0	10	0
Russian	2,990	1,415	1,580	0	0	0
Serbian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Slovak	50	35	20	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	320	140	180	15	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,775	715	1,065	55	40	20
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	35	15	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	380	190	190	60	40	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	1,410	535	875	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	165	85	80	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,885	960	925	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	285	130	150	0	0	0
Bengali	30	10	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hindi	115	55	60	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	50	30	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,620	835	790	0	0	0
Kurdish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Pashto	10	0	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,615	835	780	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	3,975	1,845	2,130	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,045	510	535	0	0	0
Portuguese	160	90	70	0	0	0
Romanian	1,200	530	670	0	0	0
Spanish	1,745	795	950	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	310	165	145	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	80	45	30	0	0	0
Mongolian	80	45	35	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	20	10	20	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	30	15	20	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	20	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	475	220	255	10	10	0
Chinese languages	475	220	255	10	10	0
Cantonese	115	55	55	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	400	185	210	0	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	150	75	75	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkish	130	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages	505	160	345	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	505	160	345	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	31,430	14,600	16,835	705	335	365
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	27,355	12,680	14,680	695	335	360
Canadian citizens aged under 18	5,820	2,945	2,875	155	75	85
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	21,535	9,735	11,800	535	260	280
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	4,075	1,915	2,155	10	10	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	31,430	14,600	16,830	705	340	370
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	16,550	7,910	8,645	595	285	310
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	14,090	6,295	7,795	110	50	60
Before 1981	5,035	2,120	2,915	40	30	10
1981 to 1990	1,450	705	745	10	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,570	650	920	10	15	0
2001 to 2010	3,220	1,445	1,770	40	0	25
2001 to 2005	1,340	595	740	20	0	15
2006 to 2010	1,880	850	1,030	15	0	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	2,820	1,380	1,440	20	10	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	780	390	390	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	14,095	6,300	7,795	110	50	60
Under 5 years	1,395	695	705	25	15	15
5 to 14 years	2,370	1,095	1,275	30	15	10
15 to 24 years	2,455	1,120	1,335	10	0	10
25 to 44 years	6,830	2,940	3,895	45	25	25
45 years and over	1,045	455	590	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	14,095	6,300	7,795	110	55	60
Americas	1,365	505	865	35	0	25
Brazil	40	20	20	0	0	0
Colombia	65	30	30	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	50	15	35	0	0	0
Haiti	50	15	35	0	0	0
Jamaica	95	30	65	0	0	0
Mexico	105	40	65	0	0	10
Peru	35	20	20	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	75	20	55	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	325	110	215	25	0	20
Other places of birth in Americas	515	195	325	10	0	0
Europe	5,100	2,260	2,840	25	25	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	10	10	0
France	400	195	210	0	0	0
Germany	160	85	75	10	10	0
Greece	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hungary	275	70	205	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Italy	390	170	220	0	0	0
Netherlands	35	15	15	0	0	0
Poland	305	130	180	0	0	0
Portugal	25	15	10	0	0	0
Romania	840	330	505	0	0	0
Russian Federation	745	335	415	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Ukraine	565	275	295	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	150	60	90	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	1,125	550	575	0	0	0
Africa	2,785	1,315	1,470	20	10	15
Algeria	85	45	45	0	0	0
Egypt	300	160	140	20	10	15
Ethiopia	50	20	30	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	1,965	905	1,060	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	20	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	345	165	180	0	0	0
Asia	4,840	2,215	2,625	30	15	15
Afghanistan	35	20	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	35	10	20	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	295	130	170	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	30	10	20	0	0	0
India	130	55	80	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	1,320	660	655	0	0	0
Iraq	60	30	35	0	0	0
Japan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	200	115	85	0	0	0
Lebanon	150	70	90	0	0	0
Pakistan	55	25	30	0	0	0
Philippines	820	255	565	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	65	25	45	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	1,570	790	785	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,820	1,380	1,440	20	10	15
Americas	210	85	125	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	35	15	20	0	0	0
Cuba	20	15	10	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	10	25	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	60	25	40	0	0	0
Europe	810	415	400	0	0	0
France	45	35	10	0	0	0
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	170	90	80	0	0	0
Romania	65	35	35	0	0	0
Russian Federation	185	100	85	0	0	0
Ukraine	195	90	110	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	130	55	70	0	0	0
Africa	280	135	145	15	10	10
Algeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	10	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	15	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	55	25	25	20	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	55	30	30	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	80	30	50	0	0	0
Asia	1,510	745	770	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	790	395	400	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	145	90	60	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	80	40	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	230	90	140	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	155	75	75	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	31,430	14,600	16,830	705	340	365
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	15,050	6,745	8,305	120	55	70
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	10,130	4,910	5,220	130	65	65
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	6,245	2,935	3,305	455	220	235
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	9,300	4,275	5,025	70	25	50
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	6,525	3,185	3,345	20	10	15
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,645	1,315	1,335	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,880	1,870	2,010	15	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,785	650	1,130	45	10	30
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	845	400	445	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	150	40	110	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	31,430	14,595	16,830	705	340	365
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	40	20	15	60	30	30
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	30	15	15	60	30	30
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	15	10	10	40	25	15
Métis	15	10	0	15	10	15
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	31,390	14,575	16,815	650	305	340
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	31,425	14,595	16,830	705	335	365
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	35	15	20	20	15	0
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	31,395	14,580	16,815	690	325	365
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	31,430	14,600	16,835	705	335	370
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	10	10	0	15	10	10
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	0	15	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	10	10	10	0	10
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	80	45	35	60	35	20
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	75	40	30	50	35	20
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	70	40	35	45	35	15
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	10	0	10
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	31,340	14,545	16,790	630	300	335
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	31,425	14,600	16,830	705	340	365
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	6,225	2,770	3,455	65	45	25
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	430	205	230	0	0	0
Chinese	505	220	285	0	0	0
Black	1,360	580	780	0	0	0
Filipino	1,015	335	680	0	0	0
Latin American	360	165	190	0	0	0
Arab	340	180	160	25	10	15
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	125	60	70	45	30	15
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,380	705	675	0	0	0
Korean	315	170	155	0	0	0
Japanese	45	25	25	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	110	55	55	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	235	85	155	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	25,200	11,830	13,375	640	300	340
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	31,430	14,600	16,830	705	335	370
North American Aboriginal origins	90	50	35	70	40	35
First Nations (North American Indian)	80	45	35	60	35	25
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	10	10	0	20	0	15
Other North American origins	4,285	2,070	2,215	180	90	95
Acadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
American	305	140	165	15	10	0
Canadian	4,025	1,955	2,070	170	80	85
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	20	25	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	19,790	9,105	10,685	505	250	255
British Isles origins	2,080	950	1,135	245	110	135
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,070	510	560	95	40	50
Irish	785	350	435	125	60	65
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	580	280	300	145	65	80
Welsh	40	35	0	0	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	250	105	145	0	0	0
French origins	1,715	790	925	70	35	40
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,715	790	925	75	30	40
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,435	605	835	210	120	90
Austrian	490	195	300	0	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	65	20	45	10	10	10
Dutch	140	55	85	60	35	25
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	745	320	430	150	90	60
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	35	25	10	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	45	20	20	90	35	55
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	65	15	45
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Eastern European origins	11,865	5,500	6,365	205	100	105
Bulgarian	290	145	140	0	0	0
Byelorussian	210	120	95	0	0	0
Czech	175	80	100	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	65	40	25	0	0	0
Estonian	65	45	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	990	400	590	0	0	0
Latvian	75	50	30	0	0	10
Lithuanian	415	165	245	0	0	0
Moldovan	355	165	190	0	0	0
Polish	4,325	2,080	2,245	45	30	15
Romanian	2,375	1,130	1,245	0	0	0
Russian	5,045	2,280	2,770	40	20	20
Slovak	85	50	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,315	675	640	140	65	80
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	550	255	295	0	0	0
Southern European origins	3,045	1,440	1,605	0	10	0
Albanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	10	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	280	140	145	0	0	0
Italian	1,510	740	770	0	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	230	110	120	0	0	0
Serbian	25	10	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	1,145	505	640	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	4,205	2,010	2,195	0	0	0
Basque	10	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	3,950	1,910	2,040	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	280	110	170	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	775	275	495	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	105	30	70	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cuban	15	15	0	0	0	0
Dominican	15	0	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	60	25	25	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	115	55	60	0	0	0
Jamaican	225	80	140	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	100	20	85	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	110	40	65	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	95	25	65	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	50	15	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	630	325	305	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arawak	10	10	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	65	20	45	0	0	0
Belizean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	45	20	20	0	0	0
Chilean	75	45	25	0	0	0
Colombian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	85	40	40	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	125	55	70	10	10	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	45	35	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	55	25	25	0	0	0
African origins	6,005	3,050	2,955	25	15	15
Central and West African origins	280	160	125	0	0	0
Akan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	80	55	20	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	20	10	10	0	0	0
Senegalese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	5,250	2,670	2,585	25	15	10
Algerian	175	95	80	0	0	0
Berber	45	20	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	400	210	185	25	10	15
Libyan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	4,585	2,320	2,270	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	200	95	100	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	70	30	40	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	185	90	95	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	285	140	145	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	45	25	20	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	240	115	125	0	0	0
Asian origins	6,855	3,210	3,645	50	30	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	4,180	2,130	2,045	0	0	0
Afghan	40	25	20	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	150	55	90	0	0	0
Armenian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	25	10	15	0	0	0
Georgian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	1,630	845	780	0	0	0
Iraqi	195	100	95	0	0	0
Israeli	1,355	720	640	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	60	25	30	0	0	0
Kurd	65	35	25	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	370	195	175	0	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	10	10	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	110	50	65	0	0	0
Tajik	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tatar	35	25	15	0	0	0
Turk	165	80	85	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	15	10	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	40	35	10	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	75	40	35	0	0	0
South Asian origins	475	200	275	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	370	150	220	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	85	35	45	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	2,215	885	1,325	40	30	15
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	600	255	340	35	30	0
Filipino	1,085	350	735	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	25	15	0	0	0	0
Japanese	40	20	25	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	310	165	145	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	85	50	35	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	50	70	40	30	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	25	0	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Australian	20	10	10	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	13,490	...	...	310	...	...
Owner	6,620	...	...	240	...	...
Renter	6,865	...	...	70	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	13,490	...	...	310	...	...
Condominium	3,260	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	10,230	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	13,490	...	...	310	...	...
No bedrooms	70	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	3,445	...	...	35	...	...
2 bedrooms	4,120	...	...	80	...	...
3 bedrooms	3,265	...	...	65	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	2,595	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	13,490	...	...	310	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	6,660	...	...	70	...	...
5 rooms	2,000	...	...	35	...	...
6 rooms	1,200	...	...	50	...	...
7 rooms	1,220	...	...	20	...	...
8 or more rooms	2,405	...	...	130	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.2	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	13,490	...	...	310	...	...
One person or fewer per room	12,975	...	...	310	...	...
More than 1 person per room	510	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	13,490	...	...	310	...	...
Suitable	12,140	...	...	305	...	...
Not suitable	1,350	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	13,490	...	...	315	...	...
1960 or before	3,585	...	...	130	...	...
1961 to 1980	6,025	...	...	120	...	...
1981 to 1990	2,245	...	...	35	...	...
1991 to 2000	640	...	...	25	...	...
2001 to 2005	505	...	...	0	...	...
2006 to 2010	305	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	180	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	13,490	...	...	310	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	12,590	...	...	290	...	...
Major repairs needed	905	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	13,490	...	...	310	...	...
1 household maintainer	9,240	...	...	195	...	...
2 household maintainers	4,060	...	...	115	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	190	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	13,490	...	...	310	...	...
15 to 24 years	135	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,175	...	...	25	...	...
35 to 44 years	2,175	...	...	40	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,005	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	2,145	...	...	75	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,510	...	...	60	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,030	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	1,305	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	13,470	...	...	315	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	8,510	...	...	260	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,960	...	...	50	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,240	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,620	...	...	240	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	44.2	...	...	62.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	25.9	...	...	12.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,358	...	...	759	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,555	...	...	783	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	473,208	...	...	129,833	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	525,526	...	...	197,800	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	6,870	...	...	70	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	4.4	...	...	42.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	47.3	...	...	35.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	961	...	...	603	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,059	...	...	624	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	25,750	11,665	14,080	570	275	290
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,940	1,320	1,620	170	90	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,485	2,475	3,010	145	60	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,325	7,875	9,455	255	125	125
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,560	765	795	55	40	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,095	535	570	35	15	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	460	235	230	25	20	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,245	1,765	2,475	105	35	65
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,145	420	720	35	10	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10,375	4,915	5,460	55	40	20
Bachelor's degree	6,130	2,765	3,360	30	15	15
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,205	610	595	0	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	460	295	165	10	0	0
Master's degree	2,120	940	1,180	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	470	310	160	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	14,060	6,490	7,570	355	170	185
No certificate, diploma or degree	565	290	275	85	65	25
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,100	1,105	995	100	35	65
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	11,400	5,095	6,300	165	70	95
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	850	425	425	30	20	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	570	300	275	10	0	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	280	125	150	20	10	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,420	1,070	1,350	85	30	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	685	255	430	15	0	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	7,440	3,340	4,100	35	15	15
Bachelor's degree	4,570	2,030	2,535	15	10	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	730	315	420	0	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	290	145	145	10	0	0
Master's degree	1,525	650	875	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	320	205	115	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	25,755	11,670	14,080	565	275	290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,420	3,795	4,630	320	150	170
Education	1,440	195	1,250	10	0	10
13. Education	1,440	195	1,245	10	0	10
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	635	235	400	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	30	25	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	605	215	390	0	0	0
Humanities	1,275	385	890	15	15	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	235	40	195	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	205	45	155	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	370	110	260	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	165	65	100	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	15	35	10	10	0
54. History	110	80	40	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	125	30	100	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,685	1,115	1,570	20	20	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	15	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	185	65	125	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	295	40	250	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	420	230	185	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	485	120	365	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	1,245	645	600	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	4,410	2,125	2,285	40	0	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	310	80	230	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,095	2,045	2,050	35	0	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	945	510	440	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	305	135	170	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	250	160	85	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	45	20	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	325	175	150	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	800	530	275	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	575	435	140	0	0	0
25. Library science	85	0	80	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	130	70	55	10	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	2,335	1,865	475	60	65	0
04. Architecture and related services	110	75	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,355	980	375	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	310	280	35	15	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	200	185	10	20	15	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	250	230	20	30	25	0
48. Precision production	115	115	0	10	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	80	50	30	15	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	35	20	15	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	20	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	2,110	605	1,505	60	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	110	60	50	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,835	450	1,385	65	10	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	160	95	70	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	605	260	345	20	10	20
12. Personal and culinary services	495	155	340	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	40	35	10	10	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	70	70	0	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	14,060	6,490	7,570	355	170	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,660	1,395	1,265	190	100	90
Education	770	135	635	0	0	0
13. Education	770	135	635	0	0	0
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	450	175	280	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	25	25	0	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	425	150	275	0	0	0
Humanities	795	245	550	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	175	15	160	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	120	35	90	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	210	65	140	0	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	120	45	65	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	30	10	20	10	0	0
54. History	70	60	10	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	70	15	55	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,865	735	1,135	20	10	0
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	15	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	140	45	100	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	210	20	195	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	270	115	155	10	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	305	80	225	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	910	475	440	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	2,920	1,330	1,590	25	0	20
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	205	60	145	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	2,720	1,275	1,445	20	0	20
Physical and life sciences and technologies	540	265	270	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	220	85	135	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	65	30	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	205	105	90	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	645	440	205	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	525	400	130	0	0	10
25. Library science	35	0	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	30	45	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,615	1,240	375	45	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	65	50	20	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,015	695	315	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	195	165	25	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	115	105	10	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	140	135	0	25	20	0
48. Precision production	80	80	0	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	45	15	0	0	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	30	10	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	0	0	0
Health and related fields	1,365	330	1,035	55	10	50
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	75	35	35	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,180	245	930	55	10	50
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	115	45	65	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	365	160	210	10	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	285	85	205	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	25	0	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	45	45	0	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	25,750	11,665	14,080	570	275	295
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,425	3,795	4,630	315	150	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	17,330	7,875	9,450	255	125	130
Location of study inside Canada	11,570	5,255	6,315	220	115	105
Same as province or territory of residence	11,030	5,005	6,030	175	85	95
Different than province or territory of residence	540	255	290	45	25	15
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,755	2,615	3,135	35	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	570	310	265	10	0	10
Philippines	510	115	395	0	0	0
India	75	40	45	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	95	65	35	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	125	50	75	0	0	0
France	310	155	155	0	0	0
Other	4,060	1,890	2,165	25	10	15
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	14,060	6,485	7,570	355	170	185
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,660	1,395	1,265	190	95	90
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	11,395	5,095	6,305	165	70	95
Location of study inside Canada	7,295	3,275	4,025	145	65	75
Same as province or territory of residence	6,935	3,130	3,805	130	50	75
Different than province or territory of residence	365	140	220	15	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,100	1,825	2,280	25	10	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	350	180	175	10	0	10
Philippines	440	95	340	0	0	0
India	40	15	25	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	35	30	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	115	45	70	0	0	0
France	225	100	125	0	0	0
Other	2,890	1,355	1,535	20	0	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	25,750	11,670	14,080	570	275	295
In the labour force	14,340	7,450	6,890	335	165	170
Employed	13,070	6,820	6,250	315	150	165
Unemployed	1,265	625	640	20	15	10
Not in the labour force	11,410	4,220	7,190	235	110	120
Participation rate	55.7	63.8	48.9	58.8	60.0	57.6
Employment rate	50.8	58.4	44.4	55.3	54.5	55.9
Unemployment rate	8.8	8.4	9.3	6.0	9.1	5.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	25,750	11,665	14,080	570	275	290
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	10,805	4,000	6,810	215	105	110
Worked	14,945	7,675	7,270	355	170	185
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	6,615	3,855	2,760	185	115	75
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	8,330	3,820	4,510	170	65	105
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	42.3	40.8	42.8	43.2	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	14,340	7,445	6,890	335	165	170
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	525	250	280	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	13,815	7,200	6,615	335	160	175
Employee	11,045	5,260	5,785	280	130	150
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,770	1,940	830	55	35	20
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	14,340	7,445	6,895	335	165	175
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	525	250	280	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	13,810	7,200	6,610	335	165	170
0 Management occupations	2,010	1,390	620	40	25	15
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	2,750	1,135	1,615	75	25	55
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,130	875	250	10	10	0
3 Health occupations	1,145	410	725	30	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,060	555	1,505	15	10	15
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	430	175	255	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	3,090	1,595	1,500	105	40	65
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	840	805	35	60	55	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	60	60	0	10	10	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	305	200	105	0	0	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	14,340	7,450	6,895	335	160	170
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	525	245	280	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	13,815	7,200	6,610	335	160	170
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	25	25	0	20	20	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	10	10	0	0	0	0
23 Construction	405	360	45	15	10	0
31-33 Manufacturing	915	605	315	20	15	0
41 Wholesale trade	885	560	320	0	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	1,445	795	650	60	25	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	545	400	150	45	10	40
51 Information and cultural industries	345	220	120	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	800	465	335	0	10	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	670	420	250	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,970	1,205	760	0	0	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	25	10	20	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	640	360	280	0	10	0
61 Educational services	1,235	330	905	25	0	25
62 Health care and social assistance	1,945	535	1,410	30	10	25
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	240	145	105	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	700	350	350	40	15	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	780	270	510	15	15	10
91 Public administration	215	135	85	40	35	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	13,075	6,820	6,250	315	150	170
Worked at home	1,385	760	625	15	0	10
Worked outside Canada	65	60	10	15	10	10
No fixed workplace address	1,025	720	310	20	20	10
Worked at usual place	10,595	5,290	5,305	275	125	150
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	10,595	5,290	5,305	270	125	145
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,450	500	945	180	85	95
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	8,655	4,495	4,160	20	0	15
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	445	265	180	65	30	35
Commute to a different province or territory	45	25	25	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	11,625	6,005	5,615	290	140	150
Car, truck, van - as a driver	8,105	4,665	3,445	255	130	130
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	445	115	335	15	10	10
Public transit	2,445	975	1,470	0	0	0
Walked	425	155	265	25	10	15
Bicycle	60	40	20	0	0	0
Other method	150	60	85	10	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	11,625	6,005	5,615	290	140	150
Less than 15 minutes	1,830	750	1,085	200	95	100
15 to 29 minutes	4,155	2,240	1,910	40	15	20
30 to 44 minutes	3,385	1,885	1,500	15	10	10
45 to 59 minutes	1,250	660	595	20	10	10
60 minutes and over	1,005	470	535	15	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	11,620	6,005	5,620	295	140	150
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	325	220	100	10	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,155	750	400	55	40	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	3,420	1,680	1,740	90	45	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,255	1,670	1,585	80	35	45
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,095	955	1,150	20	0	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,375	735	640	35	20	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	15,505	7,885	7,620	365	180	180
Single responses	12,380	6,300	6,075	360	180	180
Official languages	12,105	6,140	5,970	360	175	185
English	9,015	4,485	4,530	360	175	185
French	3,095	1,655	1,440	10	0	0
Non-official languages	270	170	105	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	275	165	110	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	50	25	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	40	20	20	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	160	100	65	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	100	60	40	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	95	60	40	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	90	55	35	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	40	35	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	30	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	40	35	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	0	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	20	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,125	1,580	1,545	0	0	0
English and French	2,870	1,445	1,430	0	0	0
English and non-official language	110	50	60	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	40	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	90	45	45	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	15,500	7,885	7,620	360	180	185
None	8,420	4,040	4,375	335	175	165
English	1,970	1,135	830	0	0	0
French	4,355	2,335	2,015	10	0	10
Non-official language	530	255	270	20	10	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	530	260	275	20	10	15
English and French	25	10	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	25	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	145	80	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	31,080	14,385	16,695	705	335	365
Non-movers	27,480	12,570	14,910	665	315	350
Movers	3,600	1,815	1,790	40	30	15
Non-migrants	2,305	1,180	1,125	15	15	0
Migrants	1,295	630	665	25	10	15
Internal migrants	695	315	375	20	15	10
Intraprovincial migrants	570	265	310	20	15	10
Interprovincial migrants	120	50	70	0	0	0
External migrants	605	315	290	0	0	10
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	29,540	13,600	15,935	690	330	360
Non-movers	18,295	8,250	10,045	515	250	260
Movers	11,245	5,350	5,890	175	75	100
Non-migrants	7,000	3,310	3,695	65	25	40
Migrants	4,245	2,045	2,200	110	50	60
Internal migrants	1,520	705	815	75	40	35
Intraprovincial migrants	1,265	590	675	55	25	30
Interprovincial migrants	255	115	145	20	20	10
External migrants	2,725	1,340	1,385	35	10	25

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Côte-Saint-Luc, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Emerson, LUD [Designated place], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Emerson, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Emerson, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Côte-Saint-Luc, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Emerson, Local urban district [Designated place], Manitoba