Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Eustache, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Clare, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Saint-Eustache, V Quebec [Census subdivision]			Clare, MD Nova Scotia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Saint-Eustache, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Saint-Eustache, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Clare, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	44,008	...	...	8,018	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	44,154	...	...	8,319	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.3	...	...	-3.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	18,742	...	...	4,681	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	18,347	...	...	3,691	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	624.1	...	...	9.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	70.51	...	...	852.55	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	44,010	21,380	22,630	8,020	3,905	4,115
0 to 14 years	7,145	3,755	3,390	815	425	390
0 to 4 years	2,135	1,140	995	205	115	90
5 to 9 years	2,545	1,330	1,215	305	155	155
10 to 14 years	2,465	1,285	1,180	305	160	145
15 to 64 years	28,795	14,130	14,665	5,025	2,465	2,560
15 to 19 years	2,550	1,295	1,250	395	185	210
20 to 24 years	2,620	1,305	1,310	325	170	155
25 to 29 years	2,290	1,160	1,130	310	155	155
30 to 34 years	2,345	1,150	1,195	315	160	155
35 to 39 years	2,910	1,440	1,470	360	155	205
40 to 44 years	2,835	1,380	1,450	445	225	220
45 to 49 years	2,955	1,460	1,500	595	290	305
50 to 54 years	3,550	1,745	1,805	770	395	380
55 to 59 years	3,620	1,720	1,900	805	380	425
60 to 64 years	3,125	1,475	1,645	705	355	345
65 years and over	8,075	3,495	4,575	2,175	1,010	1,170
65 to 69 years	2,795	1,295	1,505	685	330	360
70 to 74 years	2,130	965	1,165	565	285	275
75 to 79 years	1,310	580	735	385	170	220
80 to 84 years	955	355	595	275	130	145
85 years and over	880	300	580	270	105	165
85 to 89 years	615	225	385	160	60	100
90 to 94 years	215	65	155	80	35	45
95 to 99 years	45	15	35	25	10	15
100 years and over	5	0	10	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	17.6	15.0	10.2	10.9	9.5
15 to 64 years	65.4	66.1	64.8	62.7	63.1	62.2
65 years and over	18.3	16.3	20.2	27.1	25.9	28.4
85 years and over	2.0	1.4	2.6	3.4	2.7	4.0
Average age of the population	42.2	40.8	43.6	49.3	48.5	50.0
Median age of the population	43.8	42.0	45.4	52.9	52.4	53.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	18,350	...	...	3,695	...	...
Single-detached house	9,795	...	...	3,505	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	275	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	8,275	...	...	130	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,380	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	205	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	625	...	...	15	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,025	...	...	80	...	...
Other single-attached house	40	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	18,350	...	...	3,690	...	...
1 person	5,395	...	...	1,075	...	...
2 persons	6,425	...	...	1,660	...	...
3 persons	2,805	...	...	510	...	...
4 persons	2,535	...	...	325	...	...
5 or more persons	1,185	...	...	115	...	...
Number of persons in private households	43,285	...	...	7,865	...	...
Average household size	2.4	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	36,865	17,625	19,235	7,200	3,475	3,725
Married or living common law	21,245	10,630	10,610	4,460	2,225	2,235
Married	12,930	6,490	6,440	3,540	1,765	1,770
Living common law	8,315	4,140	4,170	920	460	465
Not married and not living common law	15,620	6,995	8,630	2,745	1,255	1,490
Never married	10,305	5,345	4,965	1,550	840	705
Separated	555	230	325	210	100	110
Divorced	2,700	995	1,710	390	185	210
Widowed	2,055	425	1,630	590	125	465
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	12,690	...	...	2,545	...	...
2 persons	6,645	...	...	1,705	...	...
3 persons	2,730	...	...	495	...	...
4 persons	2,415	...	...	270	...	...
5 or more persons	900	...	...	80	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	12,690	...	...	2,545	...	...
Total couple families	10,395	...	...	2,195	...	...
Married couples	6,235	...	...	1,735	...	...
Common-law couples	4,155	...	...	460	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,295	...	...	350	...	...
Female parent	1,675	...	...	275	...	...
Male parent	620	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	10,390	...	...	2,195	...	...
Couples without children	5,255	...	...	1,460	...	...
Couples with children	5,140	...	...	735	...	...
1 child	2,010	...	...	410	...	...
2 children	2,260	...	...	250	...	...
3 or more children	870	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,295	...	...	350	...	...
1 child	1,395	...	...	245	...	...
2 children	720	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more children	180	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	7,400	3,310	4,085	1,485	720	770
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	18,345	...	...	3,695	...	...
One-census-family households	12,175	...	...	2,460	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5,025	...	...	1,420	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	7,145	...	...	1,040	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	255	...	...	40	...	...
Non-census-family households	5,920	...	...	1,190	...	...
One-person households	5,395	...	...	1,080	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	525	...	...	110	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	43,910	21,350	22,565	7,885	3,855	4,030
English only	460	240	220	2,075	1,030	1,045
French only	21,950	9,740	12,210	110	60	50
English and French	21,305	11,240	10,055	5,695	2,770	2,930
Neither English nor French	200	120	75	10	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	43,915	21,345	22,565	7,885	3,855	4,030
English	2,120	1,090	1,030	2,970	1,445	1,525
French	40,815	19,730	21,085	4,835	2,375	2,460
English and French	785	410	370	70	35	40
Neither English nor French	195	120	80	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,510	1,290	1,215	4,870	2,390	2,480
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	5.7	6.0	5.4	61.8	62.0	61.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	43,915	21,345	22,565	7,885	3,855	4,030
Single responses	43,135	20,975	22,160	7,630	3,725	3,905
Official languages	40,520	19,630	20,885	7,545	3,685	3,860
English	1,630	840	790	2,775	1,345	1,430
French	38,890	18,790	20,100	4,775	2,340	2,430
Non-official languages	2,610	1,345	1,270	85	40	45
Aboriginal languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,610	1,340	1,265	85	40	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	585	280	305	5	5	0
Berber languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kabyle	40	15	20	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	530	255	280	5	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	530	255	275	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	70	40	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	20	5	20	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	15	0	10	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	100	50	50	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,555	850	705	40	25	20
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	180	95	85	10	5	5
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	180	95	90	15	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Croatian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	15	20	0	0	0
Russian	80	40	40	5	5	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	20	25	20	15	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	15	20	20	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	110	60	50	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	95	45	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	50	20	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,070	600	475	5	0	5
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	160	100	60	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	50	60	0	0	0
Romanian	215	115	105	0	0	0
Spanish	585	335	250	5	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	0	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	5	5	5	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	35	35	10	5	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	5
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	25	0	5	0
Chinese languages	50	20	30	5	0	5
Cantonese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	40	20	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	25	35	5	0	10
Lao	55	20	30	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	5	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	5	10	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	5	10	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	775	370	410	250	125	125
English and French	425	195	225	240	120	120
English and non-official language	45	20	20	10	5	0
French and non-official language	255	125	135	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	55	30	25	0	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	43,910	21,350	22,565	7,885	3,855	4,030
Single responses	42,715	20,755	21,960	7,670	3,755	3,915
Official languages	41,565	20,135	21,430	7,650	3,750	3,905
English	1,705	875	835	3,350	1,690	1,660
French	39,855	19,260	20,590	4,300	2,055	2,245
Non-official languages	1,150	615	530	20	5	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,150	615	535	20	5	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	220	105	115	0	0	0
Berber languages	20	5	10	0	0	0
Kabyle	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	205	95	105	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	200	95	105	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	20	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	15	10	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	5	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	775	440	335	10	5	5
Albanian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Armenian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	95	45	45	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	90	45	50	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Russian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	5	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	55	30	30	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	555	330	225	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	40	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	145	75	75	0	0	0
Spanish	350	225	125	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	5	5	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	25	15	15	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	30	15	15	10	0	5
Lao	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,200	590	610	210	105	110
English and French	455	225	235	190	85	100
English and non-official language	105	60	45	20	10	10
French and non-official language	465	230	240	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	170	80	90	5	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	43,910	21,345	22,565	7,885	3,855	4,030
None	38,870	18,765	20,105	5,540	2,700	2,840
English	2,830	1,500	1,330	1,630	785	850
French	1,090	545	545	675	355	320
Non-official language	865	415	450	30	15	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	865	415	450	30	20	15
English and French	85	40	45	0	0	0
English and non-official language	125	60	60	5	5	0
French and non-official language	45	15	25	5	0	5
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	36,150	17,375	18,775	7,045	3,425	3,625
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,870	16,790	18,075	6,880	3,360	3,520
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,326	42,533	29,070	27,980	34,325	23,296
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,885	16,790	18,095	6,880	3,355	3,525
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,200	36,469	26,381	25,554	30,187	21,711
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	31,335	15,585	15,750	5,815	2,925	2,895
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,930	39,448	25,287	25,072	30,325	20,742
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	26,300	11,640	14,660	5,495	2,595	2,900
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,572	6,356	8,277	9,650	11,086	8,416
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	25,965	13,445	12,520	4,600	2,360	2,240
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,474	39,385	28,643	26,092	31,328	22,030
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	36,155	17,345	18,805	7,045	3,400	3,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,930	16,755	18,175	6,865	3,335	3,530
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,792	49,513	34,675	35,494	42,451	28,919
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,940	16,755	18,185	6,875	3,340	3,535
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,558	39,932	29,608	30,118	35,219	25,307
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	31,360	15,530	15,825	5,750	2,870	2,880
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,290	47,572	31,164	33,153	39,666	26,660
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	26,110	11,435	14,680	5,515	2,580	2,930
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,718	7,934	9,329	9,625	10,754	8,632
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	25,965	13,455	12,510	4,600	2,350	2,245
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,751	45,651	33,405	32,670	38,152	26,930
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	36,150	17,350	18,805	7,050	3,400	3,645
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	11,775	6,445	5,325	1,880	1,020	855
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,060	56,344	42,409	39,927	42,711	37,334
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	55,805	63,058	47,018	46,751	50,245	42,591
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.4	88.8	78.5	78.4	81.0	74.8
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.6	73.8	66.5	62.2	64.4	59.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.6	11.2	21.4	21.6	19.0	25.2
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	36,150	17,375	18,775	7,045	3,425	3,620
Without total income	1,285	585	700	165	65	105
With total income	34,865	16,790	18,075	6,880	3,360	3,525
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.6	96.3	97.7	98.1	97.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,775	1,505	2,265	840	315	525
$10,000 to $19,999	6,060	2,155	3,905	1,560	580	980
$20,000 to $29,999	5,155	2,045	3,115	1,260	555	700
$30,000 to $39,999	4,665	2,130	2,535	1,030	520	510
$40,000 to $49,999	4,295	2,205	2,090	760	435	325
$50,000 to $59,999	3,315	1,750	1,565	450	290	155
$60,000 to $69,999	2,280	1,360	925	325	220	110
$70,000 to $79,999	1,850	1,165	685	215	135	75
$80,000 to $89,999	1,195	790	405	130	70	65
$90,000 to $99,999	725	505	220	80	55	30
$100,000 and over	1,550	1,185	365	220	175	45
$100,000 to $149,999	1,135	845	285	165	125	40
$150,000 and over	420	340	80	55	50	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	36,150	17,375	18,775	7,045	3,425	3,625
Without after-tax income	1,270	585	680	165	65	100
With after-tax income	34,885	16,790	18,095	6,880	3,360	3,525
Percentage with after-tax income	96.5	96.6	96.4	97.7	98.1	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	3,985	1,545	2,445	870	325	540
$10,000 to $19,999	6,365	2,295	4,075	1,670	625	1,050
$20,000 to $29,999	6,360	2,615	3,750	1,550	710	835
$30,000 to $39,999	6,190	3,075	3,115	1,165	640	525
$40,000 to $49,999	4,740	2,525	2,215	705	440	270
$50,000 to $59,999	3,100	1,890	1,210	415	280	135
$60,000 to $69,999	1,975	1,280	695	210	115	95
$70,000 to $79,999	935	630	300	120	80	40
$80,000 and over	1,240	945	290	180	145	40
$80,000 to $89,999	440	325	120	75	55	20
$90,000 to $99,999	265	195	65	30	25	5
$100,000 and over	535	420	110	75	60	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	36,155	17,380	18,775	7,045	3,420	3,625
Without employment income	10,190	3,930	6,260	2,445	1,065	1,385
With employment income	25,965	13,445	12,520	4,600	2,360	2,240
Percentage with employment income	71.8	77.4	66.7	65.3	69.0	61.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	3,390	1,795	1,595	605	275	335
$5,000 to $9,999	1,795	790	995	415	160	255
$10,000 to $19,999	3,655	1,540	2,115	785	335	445
$20,000 to $29,999	3,125	1,340	1,785	790	365	430
$30,000 to $39,999	3,035	1,345	1,695	610	330	280
$40,000 to $49,999	2,820	1,405	1,415	430	265	165
$50,000 to $59,999	2,260	1,240	1,020	285	185	100
$60,000 to $69,999	1,720	1,035	685	220	140	75
$70,000 to $79,999	1,505	960	545	140	80	60
$80,000 and over	2,655	1,995	655	320	225	100
$80,000 to $89,999	895	660	235	105	45	55
$90,000 to $99,999	585	410	180	70	50	20
$100,000 and over	1,170	925	245	150	130	20
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	18,350	...	...	3,690	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,595	...	...	53,133	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,057	...	...	47,605	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	5,395	...	...	1,075	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,079	...	...	26,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,801	...	...	24,459	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	12,950	...	...	2,615	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,468	...	...	67,258	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,693	...	...	58,959	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	18,345	...	...	3,690	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,560	...	...	66,028	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,809	...	...	56,084	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	5,395	...	...	1,080	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,348	...	...	37,949	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,704	...	...	32,105	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	12,950	...	...	2,615	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,898	...	...	77,599	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,186	...	...	65,966	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	18,345	...	...	3,695	...	...
Under $5,000	100	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	170	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	465	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	765	...	...	240	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	910	...	...	185	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	615	...	...	220	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	825	...	...	300	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	820	...	...	205	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	815	...	...	215	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	875	...	...	185	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,630	...	...	325	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,540	...	...	305	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,405	...	...	265	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,245	...	...	205	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,030	...	...	170	...	...
$100,000 and over	5,135	...	...	675	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,055	...	...	285	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,360	...	...	185	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,145	...	...	135	...	...
$200,000 and over	570	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	18,345	...	...	3,690	...	...
Under $5,000	115	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	175	...	...	55	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	475	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	800	...	...	255	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,020	...	...	215	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	760	...	...	255	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,035	...	...	335	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,090	...	...	240	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,045	...	...	240	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,055	...	...	215	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,000	...	...	400	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,825	...	...	330	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,485	...	...	265	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,285	...	...	200	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,010	...	...	130	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,180	...	...	415	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	1,740	...	...	235	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	780	...	...	100	...	...
$150,000 and over	655	...	...	80	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	12,580	...	...	2,525	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,788	...	...	67,177	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,857	...	...	58,800	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,895	...	...	1,390	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,072	...	...	58,829	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,040	...	...	52,573	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	5,185	...	...	750	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,768	...	...	95,104	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,903	...	...	80,832	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,170	...	...	325	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,614	...	...	44,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,747	...	...	41,088	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	12,630	...	...	2,520	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	95,923	...	...	77,646	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,074	...	...	65,933	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,935	...	...	1,395	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,892	...	...	67,716	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,316	...	...	58,101	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	5,165	...	...	755	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	122,528	...	...	104,459	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	99,897	...	...	86,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,190	...	...	315	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,762	...	...	55,926	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,963	...	...	49,229	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	6,570	2,970	3,600	1,345	650	690
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,990	35,526	27,886	25,568	30,784	22,357
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,956	31,040	26,007	23,760	26,603	21,650
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	6,465	2,935	3,535	1,330	610	715
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,393	43,723	33,974	36,151	42,384	30,802
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,282	35,621	29,515	30,743	35,178	26,937
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	43,285	21,120	22,160	7,860	3,850	4,015
In the bottom half of the distribution	22,785	10,705	12,080	5,070	2,410	2,660
In the bottom decile	2,620	1,220	1,405	670	305	365
In the second decile	4,045	1,680	2,365	1,375	625	755
In the third decile	4,765	2,240	2,525	1,065	510	555
In the fourth decile	5,545	2,695	2,845	1,045	510	535
In the fifth decile	5,815	2,870	2,940	915	465	450
In the top half of the distribution	20,500	10,415	10,085	2,795	1,440	1,355
In the sixth decile	5,510	2,790	2,720	770	380	390
In the seventh decile	5,370	2,730	2,640	750	385	360
In the eighth decile	4,590	2,340	2,250	585	305	280
In the ninth decile	3,165	1,600	1,570	430	230	200
In the top decile	1,870	955	910	270	140	125
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	43,285	21,125	22,160	7,860	3,850	4,015
0 to 17 years	8,660	4,520	4,140	1,065	530	525
0 to 5 years	2,590	1,385	1,205	265	135	130
18 to 64 years	27,185	13,320	13,865	4,745	2,340	2,405
65 years and over	7,440	3,285	4,155	2,055	975	1,085
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,370	1,805	2,565	1,455	645	805
0 to 17 years	845	445	400	215	105	110
0 to 5 years	255	140	115	60	35	25
18 to 64 years	2,340	1,045	1,290	650	290	360
65 years and over	1,185	315	870	585	245	340
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	10.1	8.5	11.6	18.5	16.8	20.0
0 to 17 years (%)	9.8	9.8	9.7	20.2	19.8	21.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	10.1	9.5	22.6	25.9	19.2
18 to 64 years (%)	8.6	7.8	9.3	13.7	12.4	15.0
65 years and over (%)	15.9	9.6	20.9	28.5	25.1	31.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,355	1,450	1,905	345	175	170
0 to 17 years	570	300	270	55	25	25
0 to 5 years	185	85	95	20	10	5
18 to 64 years	2,030	960	1,065	265	135	130
65 years and over	760	185	575	25	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.8	6.9	8.6	4.4	4.5	4.2
0 to 17 years (%)	6.6	6.6	6.5	5.2	4.7	4.8
0 to 5 years (%)	7.1	6.1	7.9	7.5	7.4	3.8
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	7.2	7.7	5.6	5.8	5.4
65 years and over (%)	10.2	5.6	13.8	1.2	1.5	1.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	43,285	21,125	22,165	7,865	3,850	4,015
Official languages	43,075	20,995	22,080	7,855	3,845	4,010
English	21,530	11,275	10,250	7,760	3,790	3,965
French	42,660	20,795	21,860	5,770	2,765	3,005
Non-official languages	4,500	2,210	2,285	185	75	105
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,495	2,205	2,285	175	75	100
Afro-Asiatic languages	795	420	370	10	0	0
Berber languages	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kabyle	35	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	765	405	355	10	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	760	405	360	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	265	150	115	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	195	115	80	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	40	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	15	30	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	15	25	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	300	110	185	10	0	10
Haitian Creole	10	0	10	10	0	10
Creole, n.o.s.	290	105	180	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,870	1,450	1,420	120	50	70
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	155	80	80	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	155	75	80	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	25	15	15	0	0	0
Russian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	120	55	65	25	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	120	60	65	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	135	70	65	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	95	50	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	65	35	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	25	35	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,360	1,185	1,170	95	35	60
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	350	190	160	20	10	15
Portuguese	235	120	115	0	0	0
Romanian	215	120	95	0	0	0
Spanish	1,650	810	840	70	30	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Japanese	15	10	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	125	60	70	10	0	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	50	25	30	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	15	10	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	15	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	15	25	20	10	10
American Sign Language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	75	30	40	10	0	0
Chinese languages	75	30	45	0	10	0
Cantonese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	55	25	30	0	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	55	15	40	0	0	0
Lao	50	15	35	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	43,285	21,120	22,165	7,865	3,850	4,015
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	42,610	20,785	21,820	7,715	3,790	3,925
Canadian citizens aged under 18	8,685	4,580	4,105	1,040	545	490
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	33,925	16,205	17,720	6,675	3,245	3,435
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	675	335	340	150	60	90
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	43,290	21,120	22,160	7,860	3,850	4,015
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	40,195	19,560	20,640	7,605	3,740	3,865
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	2,945	1,445	1,495	235	100	135
Before 1981	650	340	310	130	60	70
1981 to 1990	400	210	190	30	0	30
1991 to 2000	575	270	300	15	0	15
2001 to 2010	1,050	520	530	25	20	0
2001 to 2005	515	265	250	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	530	250	280	25	20	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	275	105	165	35	15	15
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	150	120	25	25	10	10
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	2,940	1,445	1,495	235	100	135
Under 5 years	385	215	170	25	15	10
5 to 14 years	530	275	255	30	15	20
15 to 24 years	560	245	310	55	20	40
25 to 44 years	1,300	630	665	70	35	40
45 years and over	175	75	95	50	25	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	2,940	1,445	1,495	235	100	135
Americas	690	285	405	155	60	95
Brazil	50	20	30	0	0	0
Colombia	80	45	40	0	0	0
El Salvador	30	0	20	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	210	75	135	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	45	10	45	0	0	0
Peru	25	15	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	65	30	30	135	45	90
Other places of birth in Americas	180	90	90	10	10	0
Europe	965	535	425	60	35	25
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	325	185	140	0	0	0
Germany	45	20	25	20	10	10
Greece	40	20	15	0	0	0
Hungary	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	75	60	10	0	0	0
Netherlands	0	0	0	15	10	0
Poland	15	0	10	0	0	0
Portugal	40	10	30	0	0	0
Romania	170	100	70	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	40	15	25	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Europe	180	95	85	10	10	0
Africa	685	350	335	0	0	0
Algeria	65	35	35	0	0	0
Egypt	70	40	35	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	275	150	125	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	275	130	150	0	0	0
Asia	590	275	315	10	0	10
Afghanistan	50	15	25	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	55	0	45	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	165	90	75	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	30	10	25	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	45	25	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	170	80	100	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	10	0	10	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	275	105	170	30	20	15
Americas	75	25	50	15	10	10
Brazil	15	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	20	15	10	0	0	0
Haiti	35	10	20	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	10	15	10	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	60	25	35	0	10	0
France	45	20	25	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	0	0	0
Africa	105	45	60	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	10	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	10	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	25	15	15	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	30	25	10	0	0	0
Asia	30	10	20	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	10
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	43,285	21,120	22,165	7,865	3,850	4,015
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,170	1,625	1,545	315	150	170
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	3,290	1,660	1,630	345	185	160
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	36,830	17,840	18,995	7,205	3,525	3,680
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	2,385	1,155	1,235	110	45	65
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	1,195	630	570	30	15	15
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	540	345	200	15	10	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	655	280	375	15	0	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	750	300	445	75	30	40
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	430	220	210	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	43,290	21,125	22,160	7,860	3,850	4,015
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	430	200	235	1,420	705	710
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	405	190	215	1,380	695	685
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	165	80	85	60	35	25
Métis	240	105	135	1,320	660	660
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	10	20	10	15
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	10	10	20	0	10
Non-Aboriginal identity	42,850	20,925	21,930	6,445	3,145	3,300
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	43,285	21,120	22,165	7,865	3,850	4,010
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	110	55	60	125	40	80
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	43,175	21,070	22,100	7,740	3,810	3,930
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	43,285	21,125	22,165	7,865	3,850	4,010
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	290	115	170	165	95	70
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	285	115	170	165	95	65
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	220	90	125	10	10	0
Métis single ancestry	65	20	45	155	90	70
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	10	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,280	580	695	1,570	790	780
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,260	570	695	1,440	735	705
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,130	510	620	335	170	165
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	135	60	75	1,105	565	535
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	15	10	0	135	60	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	135	60	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	41,720	20,425	21,290	6,125	2,960	3,165
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	43,290	21,120	22,165	7,860	3,850	4,015
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,050	1,470	1,575	90	45	50
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	110	60	50	0	0	0
Chinese	120	45	75	0	0	0
Black	1,005	465	540	60	25	45
Filipino	60	20	35	10	0	0
Latin American	445	215	230	10	10	0
Arab	670	335	335	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	400	210	185	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	75	30	40	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	0	0	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	125	60	60	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	40,240	19,650	20,585	7,770	3,805	3,965
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	43,285	21,120	22,165	7,865	3,850	4,015
North American Aboriginal origins	1,565	695	870	1,740	890	850
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,365	620	755	485	235	245
Inuit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis	210	90	125	1,395	715	685
Other North American origins	30,480	14,675	15,805	5,380	2,605	2,780
Acadian	280	120	160	2,215	1,065	1,145
American	240	100	145	50	25	25
Canadian	29,105	14,085	15,025	3,795	1,820	1,975
New Brunswicker	10	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	1,350	610	740	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	16,615	8,270	8,345	4,705	2,290	2,410
British Isles origins	3,905	1,890	2,015	2,140	955	1,185
Channel Islander	20	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	995	490	505	1,310	575	735
Irish	2,520	1,185	1,330	860	345	515
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	960	545	410	570	240	335
Welsh	50	25	20	0	0	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	115	45	70	25	20	0
French origins	11,220	5,560	5,660	3,380	1,625	1,755
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	65	50	25	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	0	0	0	0
French	11,180	5,530	5,650	3,380	1,625	1,750
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,310	615	690	330	170	165
Austrian	60	20	35	20	0	15
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	480	240	245	0	0	10
Dutch	75	25	50	80	35	45
Flemish	0	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	645	295	355	260	140	120
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	85	50	40	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	80	35	45	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	10	10	10	0
Norwegian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Swedish	20	15	10	10	10	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	0	10	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	855	390	465	85	40	50
Bulgarian	90	40	55	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	10	10	20	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	25	70	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldovan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	205	80	120	30	0	30
Romanian	255	155	105	0	10	0
Russian	50	20	30	0	0	10
Slovak	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	160	70	90	20	15	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	2,725	1,480	1,245	75	50	20
Albanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	295	140	155	0	0	0
Italian	1,775	1,000	775	35	25	10
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	410	215	195	15	10	0
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	390	190	200	20	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	100	55	45	30	10	20
Basque	40	25	15	0	0	0
Jewish	40	25	20	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	20	0	10	30	10	20
Caribbean origins	645	295	345	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	65	30	35	0	0	0
Dominican	20	15	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	500	205	295	0	0	0
Jamaican	65	40	25	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	795	400	390	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Chilean	60	35	30	0	0	0
Colombian	55	20	40	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	20	15	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	245	170	80	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Salvadorean	110	35	70	0	0	0
Uruguayan	60	30	25	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	15	0	15	0	0	0
African origins	1,065	525	545	75	25	45
Central and West African origins	280	135	145	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	60	15	40	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	50	30	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Guinean	75	30	45	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	605	295	315	25	15	0
Algerian	80	40	45	0	0	0
Berber	45	15	25	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	10	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	75	45	30	20	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	10	0	0	0
Moroccan	345	155	185	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	75	55	25	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	35	10	25	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	155	80	75	50	10	45
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	155	80	70	40	10	30
Asian origins	1,560	795	765	60	20	40
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	720	385	340	40	10	25
Afghan	55	25	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	135	90	50	10	0	0
Armenian	85	40	40	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	380	185	190	20	0	10
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	45	30	10	20	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	60	20	35	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	35	20	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins	115	60	55	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	80	35	40	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	15	15	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	735	360	375	15	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	240	135	105	0	0	0
Chinese	270	135	140	0	10	0
Filipino	75	25	45	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	15	15	10	10	0	10
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Laotian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Malaysian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	135	70	65	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australian	10	0	10	0	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	18,345	...	...	3,695	...	...
Owner	12,810	...	...	3,210	...	...
Renter	5,540	...	...	480	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	18,350	...	...	3,695	...	...
Condominium	2,165	...	...	25	...	...
Not condominium	16,185	...	...	3,670	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	18,350	...	...	3,695	...	...
No bedrooms	95	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	1,785	...	...	290	...	...
2 bedrooms	5,905	...	...	910	...	...
3 bedrooms	6,170	...	...	1,490	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	4,395	...	...	1,000	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	18,345	...	...	3,690	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,735	...	...	480	...	...
5 rooms	2,510	...	...	515	...	...
6 rooms	2,180	...	...	715	...	...
7 rooms	2,695	...	...	610	...	...
8 or more rooms	5,220	...	...	1,375	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.2	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	18,345	...	...	3,690	...	...
One person or fewer per room	18,245	...	...	3,695	...	...
More than 1 person per room	100	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	18,345	...	...	3,690	...	...
Suitable	17,885	...	...	3,645	...	...
Not suitable	460	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	18,345	...	...	3,690	...	...
1960 or before	2,125	...	...	1,410	...	...
1961 to 1980	7,035	...	...	1,095	...	...
1981 to 1990	3,410	...	...	595	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,445	...	...	345	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,455	...	...	115	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,380	...	...	75	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	495	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	18,345	...	...	3,690	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	17,415	...	...	3,315	...	...
Major repairs needed	930	...	...	375	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	18,350	...	...	3,695	...	...
1 household maintainer	11,075	...	...	2,450	...	...
2 household maintainers	7,050	...	...	1,195	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	225	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	18,350	...	...	3,690	...	...
15 to 24 years	325	...	...	65	...	...
25 to 34 years	2,125	...	...	230	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,195	...	...	435	...	...
45 to 54 years	3,905	...	...	750	...	...
55 to 64 years	3,905	...	...	890	...	...
65 to 74 years	3,065	...	...	730	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,375	...	...	435	...	...
85 years and over	455	...	...	150	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	18,275	...	...	3,665	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	14,770	...	...	3,260	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	3,500	...	...	405	...	...
30% to less than 100%	3,230	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	12,750	...	...	3,190	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	67.3	...	...	39.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	10.9	...	...	8.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,107	...	...	499	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,105	...	...	626	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,581	...	...	125,366	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	268,811	...	...	146,953	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	5,540	...	...	480	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.5	...	...	21.9	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	38.0	...	...	26.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	746	...	...	516	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	802	...	...	509	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	36,155	17,350	18,805	7,045	3,400	3,650
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,830	3,950	3,880	2,145	1,165	985
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	8,985	4,015	4,975	1,250	535	715
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,335	9,380	9,955	3,645	1,695	1,950
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,025	4,075	2,945	985	620	365
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,000	2,455	2,545	570	305	270
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,020	1,625	400	410	310	100
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,465	2,840	3,620	1,475	605	865
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,300	525	770	225	65	165
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	4,550	1,935	2,615	960	410	550
Bachelor's degree	3,410	1,465	1,945	695	285	405
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	405	155	255	65	25	40
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	35	10	25	35	30	10
Master's degree	635	275	365	150	55	95
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	75	40	35	20	20	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	23,625	11,535	12,090	4,280	2,065	2,215
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,345	1,915	1,430	880	545	340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	5,280	2,400	2,880	770	350	420
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	15,000	7,220	7,780	2,625	1,170	1,460
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,460	3,080	2,380	670	420	250
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,955	1,865	2,085	405	205	195
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,510	1,215	290	265	215	55
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	4,750	2,120	2,630	1,110	455	655
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	945	405	535	135	35	105
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	3,845	1,615	2,235	710	260	450
Bachelor's degree	2,880	1,210	1,670	525	200	330
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	305	115	195	25	0	25
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	25	15	15	20	15	0
Master's degree	570	245	320	125	35	85
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	65	35	35	15	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	36,150	17,345	18,810	7,045	3,395	3,650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,820	7,965	8,855	3,400	1,700	1,700
Education	1,340	280	1,060	380	110	265
13. Education	1,340	285	1,060	380	110	265
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	590	280	305	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	150	100	45	10	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	445	180	265	40	25	10
Humanities	1,045	440	605	125	45	80
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	120	40	80	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	35	15	20	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	635	285	355	45	15	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	15	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	100	40	60	10	0	0
54. History	65	30	35	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	70	10	60	30	10	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,495	350	1,145	135	35	100
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	145	40	110	15	0	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	460	20	435	50	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	290	80	215	15	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	25	0	20	0	0	10
42. Psychology	195	30	160	25	10	15
45. Social sciences	380	170	205	35	25	10
Business, management and public administration	4,430	1,525	2,905	870	195	675
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	170	30	140	65	10	55
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,255	1,490	2,765	805	180	620
Physical and life sciences and technologies	490	275	215	45	20	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	150	45	105	20	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	110	70	45	15	0	15
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	70	25	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	145	130	20	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	655	435	225	70	25	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	560	405	155	60	30	30
25. Library science	55	0	50	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	35	15	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,705	4,400	310	920	910	10
04. Architecture and related services	105	60	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	595	510	85	60	55	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	860	775	80	125	120	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,300	1,275	20	265	265	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,230	1,180	50	320	315	0
48. Precision production	620	595	20	155	155	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	260	125	135	55	35	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	190	70	115	30	20	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	75	50	20	25	20	10
Health and related fields	2,375	315	2,065	555	75	480
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	95	35	60	10	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	2,275	275	2,000	545	75	470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,930	960	975	440	220	220
12. Personal and culinary services	980	195	780	260	50	210
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	500	350	155	35	25	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	450	405	45	140	140	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	23,625	11,540	12,090	4,280	2,060	2,215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	8,630	4,315	4,310	1,655	895	755
Education	890	140	750	240	50	190
13. Education	895	140	755	245	55	190
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	450	225	225	25	10	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	120	90	30	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	330	130	200	20	10	15
Humanities	670	285	380	95	40	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	85	25	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	25	10	15	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	370	175	200	30	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	15	15	0	10	10	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	80	30	55	0	0	0
54. History	40	25	15	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	50	10	45	25	15	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,250	295	960	100	10	85
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	130	35	95	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	385	20	370	40	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	235	60	175	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	15	10	10	0	0	0
42. Psychology	140	25	115	20	10	10
45. Social sciences	335	150	185	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	3,605	1,245	2,360	630	140	490
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	140	20	120	45	0	40
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,460	1,215	2,240	585	135	450
Physical and life sciences and technologies	350	200	150	40	10	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	145	45	100	20	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	60	35	25	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	120	110	10	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	10	10	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	570	365	200	65	20	45
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	485	345	135	55	25	30
25. Library science	50	10	45	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	10	25	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,685	3,395	290	690	680	10
04. Architecture and related services	85	45	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	550	465	80	35	35	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	685	610	75	105	100	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	965	950	15	210	210	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	940	890	45	230	230	0
48. Precision production	455	435	20	115	115	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	105	105	40	25	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	140	55	80	20	10	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	70	55	20	15	10	0
Health and related fields	1,765	225	1,540	410	45	365
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	65	20	45	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	1,695	200	1,495	400	45	360
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	10	10	0	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,555	735	815	295	130	160
12. Personal and culinary services	785	140	645	180	25	155
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	390	270	125	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	375	330	45	95	95	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	36,155	17,345	18,805	7,045	3,400	3,650
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,820	7,970	8,850	3,400	1,700	1,700
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	19,335	9,380	9,955	3,645	1,700	1,950
Location of study inside Canada	18,495	8,935	9,555	3,480	1,610	1,875
Same as province or territory of residence	18,165	8,765	9,405	2,870	1,335	1,535
Different than province or territory of residence	325	170	155	610	275	335
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	845	445	395	165	90	75
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	35	30	0	115	70	45
Philippines	0	0	10	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	10	0	0	0
France	160	105	60	0	0	0
Other	610	305	310	45	20	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	23,625	11,540	12,090	4,280	2,065	2,215
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	8,630	4,315	4,315	1,655	900	760
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	15,000	7,220	7,775	2,630	1,170	1,460
Location of study inside Canada	14,290	6,850	7,440	2,540	1,130	1,405
Same as province or territory of residence	14,045	6,740	7,310	2,150	965	1,185
Different than province or territory of residence	245	115	130	385	165	215
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	705	370	340	90	35	60
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	25	20	10	65	30	35
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	10	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	10	10	0	0	0
France	140	90	50	0	0	0
Other	520	250	265	25	10	20
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	36,155	17,350	18,805	7,045	3,395	3,650
In the labour force	24,025	12,375	11,645	4,000	2,100	1,900
Employed	22,380	11,465	10,910	3,545	1,840	1,710
Unemployed	1,645	910	735	450	265	190
Not in the labour force	12,130	4,975	7,160	3,050	1,295	1,745
Participation rate	66.5	71.3	61.9	56.8	61.9	52.1
Employment rate	61.9	66.1	58.0	50.3	54.2	46.8
Unemployment rate	6.8	7.4	6.3	11.2	12.6	10.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	36,155	17,345	18,805	7,050	3,395	3,650
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	11,570	4,680	6,885	2,730	1,180	1,545
Worked	24,585	12,660	11,915	4,320	2,215	2,105
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	11,995	6,595	5,395	1,900	1,035	870
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	12,595	6,065	6,525	2,420	1,180	1,240
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.3	43.2	40.2	40.2	40.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	24,020	12,370	11,650	4,000	2,100	1,900
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	610	325	290	50	20	30
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	23,415	12,055	11,360	3,955	2,080	1,870
Employee	21,100	10,625	10,475	3,545	1,785	1,755
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	2,315	1,430	885	410	295	115
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	24,025	12,375	11,650	4,000	2,100	1,905
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	605	320	290	50	20	30
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	23,415	12,050	11,360	3,955	2,085	1,870
0 Management occupations	2,265	1,530	735	295	175	120
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,130	1,190	2,935	430	75	360
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,595	1,270	325	105	90	20
3 Health occupations	1,550	225	1,320	310	30	280
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	2,430	550	1,885	370	75	300
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	435	170	270	75	30	50
6 Sales and service occupations	5,685	2,465	3,215	665	210	455
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,905	3,595	315	690	660	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	220	195	30	590	500	90
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,195	860	335	415	245	170
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	24,020	12,375	11,650	4,000	2,100	1,905
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	605	320	285	50	20	30
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	23,415	12,055	11,360	3,955	2,080	1,870
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	345	255	90	680	560	125
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	35	35	0	0	0	0
22 Utilities	175	115	55	10	10	0
23 Construction	1,975	1,720	255	280	250	30
31-33 Manufacturing	2,910	2,110	800	690	490	200
41 Wholesale trade	1,135	720	415	70	50	25
44-45 Retail trade	3,030	1,440	1,595	400	160	245
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,505	1,070	440	100	85	15
51 Information and cultural industries	485	270	210	65	15	50
52 Finance and insurance	750	270	485	120	25	95
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	355	170	190	10	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,445	730	715	85	35	55
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,020	585	440	70	40	35
61 Educational services	1,315	310	1,010	335	85	255
62 Health care and social assistance	2,925	385	2,535	490	55	435
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	410	190	220	35	10	25
72 Accommodation and food services	1,350	535	815	165	40	130
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,160	575	585	180	115	65
91 Public administration	1,075	575	505	145	60	95
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	22,380	11,465	10,915	3,550	1,840	1,710
Worked at home	1,425	705	720	205	95	115
Worked outside Canada	55	35	20	35	35	0
No fixed workplace address	2,200	1,710	490	585	510	70
Worked at usual place	18,705	9,020	9,690	2,730	1,200	1,530
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	18,705	9,015	9,685	2,725	1,200	1,530
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,405	2,255	3,145	2,000	900	1,095
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	655	175	480	300	120	180
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	12,610	6,550	6,060	415	170	245
Commute to a different province or territory	35	30	0	15	0	15
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	20,905	10,725	10,180	3,305	1,705	1,600
Car, truck, van - as a driver	17,670	9,225	8,445	2,975	1,530	1,450
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	735	345	390	190	105	90
Public transit	1,485	650	835	10	10	0
Walked	695	310	390	75	30	45
Bicycle	135	105	40	10	0	0
Other method	180	95	85	45	25	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	20,900	10,725	10,175	3,305	1,705	1,600
Less than 15 minutes	5,455	2,275	3,185	1,515	785	725
15 to 29 minutes	6,200	3,250	2,945	1,065	570	495
30 to 44 minutes	4,860	2,780	2,075	385	205	190
45 to 59 minutes	2,145	1,255	890	220	95	130
60 minutes and over	2,245	1,165	1,075	115	60	60
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	20,905	10,725	10,180	3,305	1,705	1,600
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	2,695	2,135	560	180	115	65
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,595	2,730	1,860	400	240	160
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	5,370	2,155	3,215	1,345	720	620
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	3,010	1,085	1,930	655	240	415
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	1,840	715	1,130	170	30	140
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,390	1,900	1,485	560	360	200
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	25,145	12,910	12,230	4,420	2,275	2,145
Single responses	23,560	12,015	11,540	4,060	2,095	1,970
Official languages	23,435	11,915	11,525	4,055	2,090	1,970
English	1,455	815	645	2,160	1,115	1,050
French	21,975	11,100	10,880	1,890	975	915
Non-official languages	120	105	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	120	105	20	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	100	10	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	95	0	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	105	95	10	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,585	890	695	360	185	175
English and French	1,520	855	660	360	185	170
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	20	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	25,145	12,910	12,230	4,425	2,280	2,140
None	16,395	8,215	8,185	2,440	1,280	1,155
English	7,505	3,985	3,515	1,325	690	635
French	1,110	635	475	650	300	350
Non-official language	100	60	40	10	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	100	60	40	10	10	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	15	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	42,870	20,915	21,960	7,825	3,825	4,000
Non-movers	38,990	19,015	19,975	7,190	3,545	3,640
Movers	3,880	1,900	1,980	635	280	355
Non-migrants	1,655	740	920	350	145	205
Migrants	2,225	1,160	1,060	290	140	150
Internal migrants	2,055	1,030	1,025	270	120	150
Intraprovincial migrants	2,030	1,015	1,015	195	85	115
Interprovincial migrants	25	15	10	75	40	35
External migrants	165	130	35	15	15	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	41,065	20,010	21,060	7,640	3,720	3,925
Non-movers	27,985	13,730	14,255	6,160	3,030	3,135
Movers	13,080	6,275	6,805	1,480	690	785
Non-migrants	5,645	2,690	2,950	730	345	385
Migrants	7,440	3,585	3,850	745	345	405
Internal migrants	7,065	3,365	3,700	660	300	365
Intraprovincial migrants	6,985	3,325	3,665	380	185	195
Interprovincial migrants	80	40	40	280	110	165
External migrants	370	225	150	85	45	45

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Saint-Eustache, V [Census subdivision], Quebec and Clare, MD [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Eustache, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Clare, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Saint-Eustache, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Clare, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Saint-Eustache, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec and Clare, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Nova Scotia