Census Profile, 2016 Census
Poularies, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Trois-Rivières [Census metropolitan area], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Poularies, MÉ Quebec [Census subdivision]			Trois-Rivières Quebec [Census metropolitan area]
	Data quality , Poularies, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : Poularies, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Trois-Rivières [Census metropolitan area], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	682	...	...	156,042	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	679	...	...	151,773	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.4	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	288	...	...	77,734	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	270	...	...	72,502	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4.0	...	...	150.0	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	170.07	...	...	1,040.52	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	685	370	315	156,040	75,690	80,355
0 to 14 years	150	90	60	22,310	11,585	10,725
0 to 4 years	50	30	15	7,385	3,840	3,545
5 to 9 years	60	40	20	7,820	4,070	3,755
10 to 14 years	45	20	20	7,100	3,670	3,430
15 to 64 years	455	240	210	98,950	48,885	50,065
15 to 19 years	45	15	25	7,670	3,860	3,805
20 to 24 years	30	20	10	9,990	4,920	5,075
25 to 29 years	40	20	20	9,030	4,550	4,480
30 to 34 years	45	25	20	8,995	4,525	4,475
35 to 39 years	45	20	25	9,320	4,740	4,585
40 to 44 years	35	20	15	8,050	4,020	4,035
45 to 49 years	30	20	15	8,755	4,320	4,440
50 to 54 years	75	40	30	11,855	5,745	6,105
55 to 59 years	55	30	30	13,080	6,320	6,760
60 to 64 years	50	30	25	12,195	5,885	6,310
65 years and over	80	40	40	34,785	15,220	19,560
65 to 69 years	30	15	15	10,805	5,270	5,540
70 to 74 years	25	15	10	8,680	4,060	4,620
75 to 79 years	20	5	10	5,960	2,595	3,360
80 to 84 years	5	5	5	4,530	1,810	2,720
85 years and over	5	0	5	4,805	1,485	3,320
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	3,095	1,080	2,020
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	1,345	335	1,010
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	310	60	250
100 years and over	0	0	0	50	5	45
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	21.9	24.3	19.0	14.3	15.3	13.3
15 to 64 years	66.4	64.9	66.7	63.4	64.6	62.3
65 years and over	11.7	10.8	12.7	22.3	20.1	24.3
85 years and over	0.7	0.0	1.6	3.1	2.0	4.1
Average age of the population	38.2	37.1	39.5	44.4	43.0	45.8
Median age of the population	38.7	38.1	39.3	46.6	44.5	48.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	270	...	...	72,500	...	...
Single-detached house	240	...	...	33,720	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,070	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	30	...	...	37,440	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	4,785	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	1,845	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	5,310	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	25	...	...	25,135	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	360	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	270	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	270	...	...	72,505	...	...
1 person	70	...	...	27,270	...	...
2 persons	95	...	...	26,730	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	8,680	...	...
4 persons	40	...	...	6,905	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	2,920	...	...
Number of persons in private households	680	...	...	150,165	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	535	280	255	133,735	64,110	69,625
Married or living common law	335	165	165	72,850	36,415	36,435
Married	120	60	60	38,795	19,415	19,375
Living common law	215	110	105	34,055	16,995	17,060
Not married and not living common law	200	115	85	60,885	27,695	33,190
Never married	140	85	50	39,510	20,735	18,770
Separated	5	5	5	1,790	830	955
Divorced	25	20	10	10,615	4,190	6,430
Widowed	25	5	25	8,970	1,940	7,030
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	195	...	...	42,930	...	...
2 persons	95	...	...	25,670	...	...
3 persons	40	...	...	8,125	...	...
4 persons	35	...	...	6,660	...	...
5 or more persons	25	...	...	2,480	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	190	...	...	42,930	...	...
Total couple families	170	...	...	35,555	...	...
Married couples	60	...	...	18,595	...	...
Common-law couples	110	...	...	16,955	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	25	...	...	7,380	...	...
Female parent	15	...	...	5,540	...	...
Male parent	10	...	...	1,840	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	170	...	...	35,550	...	...
Couples without children	90	...	...	20,970	...	...
Couples with children	80	...	...	14,580	...	...
1 child	30	...	...	6,035	...	...
2 children	25	...	...	6,195	...	...
3 or more children	20	...	...	2,350	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	7,380	...	...
1 child	15	...	...	4,695	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	2,095	...	...
3 or more children	10	...	...	590	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	110	65	45	34,645	16,635	18,010
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	270	...	...	72,500	...	...
One-census-family households	190	...	...	42,385	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	85	...	...	20,750	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	105	...	...	21,630	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	275	...	...
Non-census-family households	75	...	...	29,845	...	...
One-person households	70	...	...	27,270	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	2,575	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	685	370	310	153,965	74,890	79,075
English only	0	0	0	210	110	100
French only	600	320	280	107,165	48,910	58,255
English and French	85	50	30	46,335	25,755	20,585
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	260	120	140
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	680	370	315	153,965	74,885	79,075
English	5	0	0	1,785	880	910
French	680	375	310	151,285	73,540	77,740
English and French	0	0	0	650	360	285
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	250	115	140
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5	0	0	2,105	1,055	1,050
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	0.0	0.0	1.4	1.4	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	680	370	315	153,965	74,885	79,080
Single responses	680	370	310	152,900	74,330	78,570
Official languages	675	370	305	149,445	72,600	76,850
English	0	0	0	1,645	795	845
French	670	370	305	147,805	71,800	76,000
Non-official languages	5	5	5	3,455	1,735	1,720
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	155	70	85
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	155	65	85
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	155	65	85
Atikamekw	0	0	0	140	60	85
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	3,300	1,665	1,635
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	720	410	310
Berber languages	0	0	0	55	30	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	30	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	660	375	285
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	660	380	285
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	100	50	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	10	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	35	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	15	10	10
Malay	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	95	40	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	80	35	50
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	1,675	805	865
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	135	55	75
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	135	55	75
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Serbian	0	0	5	15	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	150	80	70
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	30	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	105	60	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	75	55	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	25	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,270	590	680
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	50	30	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	100	50	55
Romanian	0	0	0	50	15	35
Spanish	0	0	0	1,065	490	575
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Japanese	0	0	0	15	5	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	0	370	200	165
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	10	5	5
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	0	25	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	125	60	65
Wolof	0	0	0	30	20	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	45
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	160	70	90
Chinese languages	0	0	0	160	65	95
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hakka	0	0	0	5	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	110	45	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Lao	0	0	0	20	15	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Multiple responses	0	5	0	1,065	560	505
English and French	0	5	5	650	340	310
English and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	365	190	175
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	680	370	315	153,965	74,885	79,075
Single responses	680	370	310	152,545	74,145	78,395
Official languages	680	370	310	150,865	73,335	77,530
English	0	0	0	1,035	500	530
French	680	370	305	149,830	72,830	77,000
Non-official languages	5	0	0	1,680	810	865
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	95	50	45
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	95	45	45
Atikamekw	0	0	0	90	45	45
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,585	765	820
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	245	125	125
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	5	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	225	115	110
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	225	115	110
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	20	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	20	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	5	0	5
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	15	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	970	465	505
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	60	30	35
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	65	30	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	10	15
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	25	10	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	20	15
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	815	390	430
Catalan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	65	30	35
Romanian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Spanish	0	0	0	730	345	390
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	105	45	55
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	5	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	35	10	20
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	50	20	25
Wolof	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	15	10	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	120	60	65
Chinese languages	0	0	0	120	60	65
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	95	50	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	0	5	5	1,425	745	680
English and French	5	5	0	555	295	255
English and non-official language	0	0	0	40	20	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	750	380	365
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	80	45	35
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	685	375	310	153,965	74,885	79,075
None	675	370	310	145,585	70,435	75,155
English	5	5	0	5,370	2,945	2,430
French	0	0	0	1,440	685	755
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,330	695	635
Aboriginal	0	0	0	50	20	35
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,275	675	600
English and French	0	0	0	55	30	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	155	90	65
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	535	280	255	127,880	62,130	65,755
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	515	275	240	124,335	60,575	63,765
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,288	41,536	21,440	30,920	36,629	25,724
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	515	270	240	124,395	60,575	63,815
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,728	36,224	20,416	27,873	32,331	23,902
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	420	230	190	108,505	54,475	54,030
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,136	41,216	18,176	27,962	33,556	22,602
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	400	205	195	99,290	45,870	53,415
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,216	8,960	9,344	8,304	7,838	8,652
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	360	205	155	84,105	43,605	40,500
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,200	45,184	21,984	28,984	33,040	25,166
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	535	315	225	127,885	62,140	65,745
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	515	310	205	124,200	60,585	63,620
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,852	40,697	25,967	39,270	46,017	32,845
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	515	310	205	124,245	60,590	63,655
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,339	34,873	23,447	32,861	37,711	28,244
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	435	260	180	108,440	54,445	53,990
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,787	38,919	21,231	36,774	44,009	29,477
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	425	255	175	99,390	46,100	53,285
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,576	9,891	9,112	8,952	8,494	9,348
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	380	240	140	84,105	43,635	40,470
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,228	36,533	24,733	36,615	41,582	31,259
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	535	315	220	127,880	62,140	65,750
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	145	95	45	36,245	19,710	16,535
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	36,341	37,350	29,709	44,721	50,390	40,124
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	38,434	43,301	28,516	52,456	58,561	45,179
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	80.9	82.6	70.2	81.7	85.9	76.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.1	79.9	64.6	63.3	65.4	60.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.4	15.4	30.8	18.3	14.1	23.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	535	280	255	127,885	62,125	65,755
Without total income	20	5	10	3,545	1,555	1,990
With total income	515	270	240	124,335	60,570	63,765
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.4	94.1	97.2	97.5	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	25	45	14,510	5,990	8,515
$10,000 to $19,999	110	45	65	25,875	9,770	16,105
$20,000 to $29,999	90	40	50	20,200	8,860	11,335
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	25	16,985	8,415	8,565
$40,000 to $49,999	60	30	25	14,600	7,450	7,145
$50,000 to $59,999	35	35	5	9,950	5,585	4,360
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	6,455	3,805	2,645
$70,000 to $79,999	15	10	5	5,020	3,020	2,005
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	5	3,090	1,885	1,205
$90,000 to $99,999	10	15	0	2,065	1,460	605
$100,000 and over	30	30	5	5,600	4,325	1,270
$100,000 to $149,999	30	25	5	4,015	3,070	950
$150,000 and over	5	5	0	1,585	1,255	330
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	535	280	255	127,880	62,125	65,755
Without after-tax income	20	10	10	3,490	1,550	1,940
With after-tax income	515	270	240	124,395	60,575	63,815
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.4	94.1	97.3	97.5	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	75	20	50	15,315	6,110	9,205
$10,000 to $19,999	115	45	70	27,010	10,335	16,675
$20,000 to $29,999	95	45	50	24,575	11,210	13,365
$30,000 to $39,999	80	40	45	21,315	10,875	10,440
$40,000 to $49,999	55	45	10	14,630	8,090	6,540
$50,000 to $59,999	25	15	10	8,580	5,065	3,515
$60,000 to $69,999	25	20	10	5,350	3,225	2,125
$70,000 to $79,999	20	20	0	2,880	2,050	830
$80,000 and over	20	15	0	4,730	3,620	1,110
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	0	1,660	1,230	425
$90,000 to $99,999	0	0	0	975	750	230
$100,000 and over	5	0	0	2,095	1,640	460
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	530	280	255	127,885	62,125	65,755
Without employment income	175	75	100	43,775	18,525	25,255
With employment income	360	205	155	84,105	43,605	40,495
Percentage with employment income	67.9	73.2	60.8	65.8	70.2	61.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	20	30	11,670	6,190	5,485
$5,000 to $9,999	25	15	15	6,810	2,910	3,900
$10,000 to $19,999	45	20	30	13,245	5,775	7,470
$20,000 to $29,999	60	25	35	11,420	5,225	6,200
$30,000 to $39,999	35	15	20	10,760	5,285	5,475
$40,000 to $49,999	30	20	15	8,370	4,285	4,075
$50,000 to $59,999	35	30	5	6,150	3,525	2,625
$60,000 to $69,999	25	15	10	4,220	2,455	1,765
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	0	3,855	2,260	1,590
$80,000 and over	50	45	0	7,615	5,695	1,920
$80,000 to $89,999	10	10	0	2,070	1,350	720
$90,000 to $99,999	10	10	0	1,545	1,135	410
$100,000 and over	30	25	0	4,000	3,210	790
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	270	...	...	72,505	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	64,128	...	...	51,850	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,955	...	...	45,927	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	75	...	...	27,270	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,176	...	...	26,999	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,232	...	...	25,186	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	200	...	...	45,230	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,160	...	...	72,523	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	67,840	...	...	62,906	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	270	...	...	72,500	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,424	...	...	67,274	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,695	...	...	56,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	27,265	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,894	...	...	34,745	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,366	...	...	29,675	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	185	...	...	45,240	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,093	...	...	86,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,510	...	...	72,366	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	270	...	...	72,500	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	770	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	1,540	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	3,405	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	15	...	...	4,865	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	4,395	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	3,645	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	4,475	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	4,110	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	4,030	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	3,745	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	6,510	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	15	...	...	5,205	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	4,575	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	3,765	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	3,200	...	...
$100,000 and over	75	...	...	14,270	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	40	...	...	5,690	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	20	...	...	3,475	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10	...	...	3,200	...	...
$200,000 and over	0	...	...	1,910	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	270	...	...	72,505	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	810	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	1,555	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	15	...	...	3,440	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	5,135	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	15	...	...	4,945	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	15	...	...	4,435	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	5,280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	5,145	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	4,680	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	4,210	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	7,115	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	5,735	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	4,760	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	3,630	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	20	...	...	2,850	...	...
$100,000 and over	40	...	...	8,795	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	25	...	...	4,560	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	2,105	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	2,125	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	195	...	...	43,260	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,160	...	...	73,575	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,048	...	...	63,576	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	85	...	...	20,490	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	54,400	...	...	65,834	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	51,392	...	...	57,110	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	80	...	...	14,640	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,896	...	...	106,020	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,904	...	...	89,449	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	25	...	...	7,240	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,016	...	...	47,740	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,944	...	...	44,236	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	180	...	...	43,240	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,354	...	...	87,890	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,576	...	...	73,084	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	75	...	...	20,475	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,271	...	...	78,627	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,801	...	...	65,595	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	70	...	...	14,615	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	103,790	...	...	119,255	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	88,228	...	...	97,216	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	30	...	...	7,245	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	72,332	...	...	54,019	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,099	...	...	47,783	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	90	50	35	32,330	15,615	16,715
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,293	28,032	21,696	25,220	28,135	23,301
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	21,568	23,872	20,576	23,894	25,706	22,528
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	120	85	30	32,370	15,595	16,770
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,050	29,812	23,515	33,279	36,279	30,490
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	24,595	25,608	21,989	28,505	30,372	26,770
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	680	370	310	150,165	73,700	76,470
In the bottom half of the distribution	425	220	200	92,150	43,995	48,155
In the bottom decile	55	35	25	16,315	7,835	8,480
In the second decile	85	40	45	19,245	8,430	10,815
In the third decile	85	50	40	19,675	9,460	10,215
In the fourth decile	70	35	35	19,025	9,370	9,655
In the fifth decile	120	65	50	17,900	8,905	8,995
In the top half of the distribution	260	150	110	58,015	29,705	28,315
In the sixth decile	90	60	35	16,015	8,135	7,885
In the seventh decile	65	35	25	14,210	7,240	6,970
In the eighth decile	70	40	30	12,055	6,115	5,940
In the ninth decile	20	10	10	8,960	4,665	4,295
In the top decile	15	10	10	6,780	3,550	3,225
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	685	370	310	149,965	73,605	76,360
0 to 17 years	170	100	70	26,525	13,755	12,770
0 to 5 years	65	45	15	8,880	4,640	4,245
18 to 64 years	430	235	195	93,725	46,105	47,620
65 years and over	85	40	45	29,715	13,745	15,970
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	105	50	50	25,880	11,735	14,150
0 to 17 years	20	10	10	4,405	2,340	2,065
0 to 5 years	5	5	0	1,475	820	660
18 to 64 years	55	30	30	15,220	7,175	8,045
65 years and over	25	10	15	6,255	2,220	4,035
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	15.3	13.5	16.1	17.3	15.9	18.5
0 to 17 years (%)	11.8	10.0	14.3	16.6	17.0	16.2
0 to 5 years (%)	7.7	11.1	0.0	16.6	17.7	15.5
18 to 64 years (%)	12.8	12.8	15.4	16.2	15.6	16.9
65 years and over (%)	29.4	25.0	33.3	21.0	16.2	25.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	30	15	10	12,860	6,385	6,475
0 to 17 years	0	0	0	2,075	1,120	955
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	700	410	285
18 to 64 years	30	20	10	10,060	4,980	5,085
65 years and over	5	0	0	725	290	440
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.4	4.1	3.2	8.6	8.7	8.5
0 to 17 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	7.8	8.1	7.5
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	7.9	8.8	6.7
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	8.5	5.1	10.7	10.8	10.7
65 years and over (%)	5.9	0.0	0.0	2.4	2.1	2.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	620	375	250	150,170	73,695	76,470
Official languages	620	375	250	149,970	73,620	76,345
English	105	60	45	46,005	25,705	20,300
French	620	375	245	149,805	73,520	76,280
Non-official languages	15	0	15	8,045	3,780	4,265
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	240	100	140
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	240	100	140
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	235	90	140
Atikamekw	0	0	0	230	90	140
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	0	10	7,805	3,680	4,125
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	1,010	605	410
Berber languages	0	0	0	90	60	30
Kabyle	0	0	0	55	30	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	30	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	970	570	400
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	955	565	395
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	110	55	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	45	35
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	15	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	25	15	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	185	105	75
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	160	95	65
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	0	10	5,480	2,420	3,060
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	245	105	140
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	10	250	110	140
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	25	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	140	65	70
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	45	15	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	405	225	185
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	15	10	15
Dutch	0	0	0	35	10	25
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	340	195	145
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	110	70	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	80	35	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Bengali	0	0	0	15	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	10
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	50	20	25
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	4,795	2,060	2,735
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	360	170	190
Portuguese	0	0	0	220	110	110
Romanian	0	0	0	50	25	20
Spanish	10	0	10	4,355	1,840	2,510
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japanese	0	0	0	95	50	40
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	515	300	220
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	35	30	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	80	40	35
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	40	25	15
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	125	50	70
Wolof	0	0	0	60	50	10
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	210	115	95
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	205	55	150
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	165	50	115
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	0	40
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	245	115	135
Chinese languages	0	0	0	245	115	135
Cantonese	0	0	0	30	20	15
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	205	85	120
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lao	0	0	0	20	15	10
Thai	0	0	0	25	0	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	15	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	620	375	250	150,170	73,700	76,470
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	620	375	240	147,545	72,260	75,285
Canadian citizens aged under 18	110	70	40	26,100	13,480	12,620
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	510	300	205	121,440	58,775	62,660
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	10	2,620	1,435	1,185
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	620	370	245	150,165	73,700	76,465
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	615	370	240	144,630	70,855	73,775
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	10	0	0	4,820	2,410	2,410
Before 1981	0	0	0	665	355	315
1981 to 1990	0	10	0	330	170	165
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	585	295	290
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,890	875	1,015
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	685	260	420
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	1,210	615	595
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	0	10	1,340	715	620
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	720	435	285
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	10	0	10	4,820	2,410	2,405
Under 5 years	0	0	0	725	285	440
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	865	415	445
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	805	395	415
25 to 44 years	10	0	0	2,175	1,180	995
45 years and over	0	0	0	250	135	110
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	4,820	2,410	2,410
Americas	0	0	0	1,420	645	775
Brazil	0	0	0	65	30	35
Colombia	0	0	0	585	235	350
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	135	40	95
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	85	40	45
Peru	0	0	0	25	10	15
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	205	115	90
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	315	170	140
Europe	10	10	0	1,400	705	690
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	40	25	15
Croatia	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	0	0	0	725	370	350
Germany	0	0	0	50	30	25
Greece	0	0	0	50	45	0
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italy	0	0	0	40	25	15
Netherlands	0	0	0	0	0	10
Poland	0	0	0	0	10	0
Portugal	0	0	0	25	0	15
Romania	0	0	0	35	20	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	75	20	55
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	25	0	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	305	150	150
Africa	0	0	0	1,345	795	555
Algeria	0	0	0	165	105	60
Egypt	0	0	0	10	15	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	305	170	130
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	855	500	355
Asia	0	0	0	650	265	385
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	225	60	165
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	20	0	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	55	35	20
Japan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	55	15	35
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	55	15	40
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	60	40	20
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	120	80	40
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	10	1,340	715	625
Americas	0	0	0	300	130	165
Brazil	0	0	0	25	10	15
Colombia	0	0	0	140	50	90
Cuba	0	0	0	50	25	25
Haiti	0	0	0	10	10	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	35	20	15
Europe	0	0	10	260	140	120
France	0	0	0	185	110	80
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	10	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	10	25	15	10
Africa	0	0	0	575	350	220
Algeria	0	0	0	50	35	15
Cameroon	0	0	0	95	60	35
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	45	20	25
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	55	40	20
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	135	70	60
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	25	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	165	110	60
Asia	0	0	0	205	95	110
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	50	35	20
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	10	15
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	55	15	35
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	620	370	250	150,165	73,700	76,465
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	10	5,825	2,990	2,835
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	10	0	4,280	2,075	2,205
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	610	365	245	140,060	68,630	71,430
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	0	10	4,225	2,100	2,130
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	1,935	1,065	870
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	900	605	295
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	1,035	455	575
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	10	1,170	490	685
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	1,080	530	550
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	35	20	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	620	375	245	150,165	73,700	76,470
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	10	0	2,280	1,095	1,190
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	10	10	0	2,170	1,040	1,130
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,315	605	715
Métis	0	0	0	830	420	415
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	100	50	55
Non-Aboriginal identity	610	365	245	147,890	72,605	75,280
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	625	375	245	150,165	73,695	76,470
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	10	940	410	525
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	615	370	245	149,225	73,285	75,940
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	625	375	245	150,165	73,700	76,470
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	1,400	665	735
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	1,390	670	720
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,250	610	645
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	140	60	80
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	0	0	0	4,150	1,955	2,190
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	0	0	0	4,055	1,915	2,140
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	3,565	1,685	1,880
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	455	220	235
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	35	10	25
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	90	40	50
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	80	35	40
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	620	370	250	144,620	71,075	73,545
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	620	375	245	150,165	73,700	76,470
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	4,660	2,380	2,285
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	155	80	70
Chinese	0	0	0	310	95	215
Black	0	0	0	1,865	1,000	865
Filipino	0	0	0	50	25	20
Latin American	0	0	0	1,105	515	585
Arab	0	0	0	775	455	320
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	220	115	100
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	20	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	55	25	35
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	50	30	25
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	620	375	250	145,505	71,320	74,190
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	625	370	250	150,170	73,700	76,470
North American Aboriginal origins	0	0	0	5,545	2,625	2,925
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	4,920	2,335	2,585
Inuit	0	0	0	50	15	35
Métis	0	0	0	675	320	365
Other North American origins	570	355	215	118,265	57,610	60,660
Acadian	0	0	0	940	460	475
American	0	0	0	605	280	325
Canadian	550	340	215	114,700	55,805	58,900
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	20	10	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	15	0	3,605	1,815	1,785
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	140	75	60	46,865	23,300	23,565
British Isles origins	30	10	20	9,325	4,500	4,820
Channel Islander	0	0	0	25	20	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	0	0	0	2,115	1,080	1,040
Irish	25	10	10	5,860	2,830	3,035
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	10	10	0	2,175	1,060	1,115
Welsh	0	0	0	35	15	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	0	140	60	75
French origins	100	70	35	37,880	18,810	19,070
Alsatian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Breton	0	0	0	285	130	160
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	100	65	30	37,655	18,700	18,955
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	0	3,000	1,435	1,560
Austrian	0	0	0	95	55	40
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	595	270	320
Dutch	0	0	0	230	145	85
Flemish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	1,775	845	930
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	0	0	0	360	170	190
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	255	130	120
Danish	0	0	0	20	15	0
Finnish	0	0	0	20	0	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	140	70	75
Swedish	0	0	0	50	30	10
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	740	335	400
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	10	40
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	65	30	40
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	270	145	130
Romanian	0	0	0	70	35	30
Russian	0	0	0	105	45	55
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	180	65	115
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	15	10	10	2,420	1,245	1,175
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	285	150	135
Italian	10	10	0	1,340	675	665
Kosovar	0	0	0	15	10	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	225	125	100
Serbian	10	0	10	35	25	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	585	295	290
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other European origins	0	0	0	140	80	60
Basque	0	0	0	25	20	0
Jewish	0	0	0	30	20	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	65	25	40
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	585	235	350
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	85	45	45
Dominican	0	0	0	65	30	35
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Haitian	0	0	0	345	130	210
Jamaican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	55	20	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,380	690	695
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	55	35	20
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	35	25	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	105	55	45
Chilean	0	0	0	60	40	15
Colombian	0	0	0	755	330	430
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	65	30	35
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyanese	0	0	0	15	10	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	45	30	10
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	20	20	0
Mexican	0	0	0	150	90	60
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Venezuelan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	35	30	10
African origins	0	0	0	2,485	1,425	1,060
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	1,025	590	440
Akan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	40	20	20
Burkinabe	0	0	0	20	0	15
Cameroonian	0	0	0	195	105	90
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	275	155	115
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	70	30	45
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	70	35	35
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	105	65	40
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Malinké	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	85	60	25
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	70	50	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	140	65	75
North African origins	0	0	0	945	565	380
Algerian	0	0	0	210	120	90
Berber	0	0	0	125	80	45
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	25	20	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	450	245	205
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	160	105	60
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	195	110	90
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	15	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	30	10	25
Mauritian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Other African origins	0	0	0	345	180	165
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	335	180	160
Asian origins	0	0	0	1,395	680	715
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	615	360	250
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	200	110	90
Armenian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	70	40	30
Iraqi	0	0	0	65	40	25
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	170	95	70
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	90	40	45
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	50	40	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	100	20	80
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	90	20	70
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	690	305	390
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	60	35	30
Chinese	0	0	0	380	125	260
Filipino	0	0	0	30	20	15
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	20	0
Japanese	0	0	0	45	25	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	70	60
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australian	0	0	0	0	0	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	270	...	...	72,500	...	...
Owner	215	...	...	42,325	...	...
Renter	55	...	...	30,160	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	270	...	...	72,500	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	5,830	...	...
Not condominium	270	...	...	66,675	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	265	...	...	72,505	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	280	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	10,835	...	...
2 bedrooms	35	...	...	22,985	...	...
3 bedrooms	130	...	...	24,155	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	90	...	...	14,240	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	270	...	...	72,505	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	35	...	...	24,905	...	...
5 rooms	50	...	...	13,840	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	8,170	...	...
7 rooms	55	...	...	8,165	...	...
8 or more rooms	90	...	...	17,410	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	5.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	270	...	...	72,505	...	...
One person or fewer per room	265	...	...	72,385	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	265	...	...	72,500	...	...
Suitable	265	...	...	71,415	...	...
Not suitable	10	...	...	1,085	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	265	...	...	72,505	...	...
1960 or before	110	...	...	17,600	...	...
1961 to 1980	85	...	...	23,445	...	...
1981 to 1990	30	...	...	10,545	...	...
1991 to 2000	30	...	...	8,055	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	3,270	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	5,055	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	4,530	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	265	...	...	72,505	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	240	...	...	68,270	...	...
Major repairs needed	25	...	...	4,230	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	265	...	...	72,505	...	...
1 household maintainer	170	...	...	48,490	...	...
2 household maintainers	95	...	...	23,485	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	530	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	265	...	...	72,505	...	...
15 to 24 years	10	...	...	3,400	...	...
25 to 34 years	40	...	...	9,945	...	...
35 to 44 years	30	...	...	10,370	...	...
45 to 54 years	70	...	...	12,620	...	...
55 to 64 years	75	...	...	15,720	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	12,645	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	5,990	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	1,820	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	255	...	...	72,065	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	235	...	...	58,470	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	25	...	...	13,600	...	...
30% to less than 100%	25	...	...	12,405	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	205	...	...	42,020	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	54.8	...	...	59.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	7.3	...	...	9.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	558	...	...	830	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	556	...	...	910	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	106,956	...	...	170,463	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	120,734	...	...	189,168	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	55	...	...	30,130	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	9.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	31.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	355	...	...	582	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	336	...	...	619	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	535	315	220	127,880	62,135	65,745
No certificate, diploma or degree	195	120	80	23,770	11,385	12,385
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	95	40	60	27,215	12,270	14,935
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	240	150	90	76,900	38,480	38,425
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	185	125	60	24,765	15,585	9,180
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	130	75	50	17,735	9,960	7,780
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	50	45	10	7,030	5,625	1,400
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	40	15	20	25,130	10,860	14,270
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	4,590	1,760	2,835
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15	15	0	22,410	10,270	12,140
Bachelor's degree	10	10	0	15,360	6,745	8,610
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	10	0	1,475	685	790
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	855	480	375
Master's degree	0	10	0	3,895	1,855	2,035
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	835	510	325
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	375	215	165	80,655	39,780	40,880
No certificate, diploma or degree	100	65	30	9,825	5,200	4,625
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	85	40	45	14,170	6,840	7,330
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	190	105	85	56,670	27,735	28,930
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	150	90	60	18,605	11,370	7,240
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	100	50	55	13,445	7,265	6,185
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	45	40	10	5,155	4,100	1,055
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	40	15	25	17,520	7,545	9,975
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	2,925	1,195	1,730
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	0	17,615	7,625	9,990
Bachelor's degree	0	10	0	12,030	5,140	6,890
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,100	440	665
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	710	350	355
Master's degree	0	0	0	3,130	1,335	1,800
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	640	360	280
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	535	315	220	127,885	62,135	65,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	295	160	135	50,985	23,660	27,325
Education	0	0	0	6,595	1,715	4,885
13. Education	0	0	0	6,600	1,715	4,885
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	0	2,080	895	1,185
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	385	265	120
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	10	1,695	625	1,070
Humanities	0	10	0	3,600	1,600	2,005
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	410	105	305
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	30	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,835	800	1,035
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	230	150	75
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	250	155	95
54. History	0	0	0	250	175	75
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	565	190	380
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	10	10	6,090	1,840	4,250
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	120	35	85
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	765	315	450
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	1,365	80	1,290
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	645	280	365
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	270	60	210
42. Psychology	10	0	0	1,985	515	1,470
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	940	565	375
Business, management and public administration	30	10	20	17,095	5,710	11,385
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	995	230	770
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	30	10	20	16,085	5,475	10,610
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,600	1,505	1,095
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	855	375	480
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	180	145	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	700	330	365
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	710	570	140
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	160	85	70
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	2,055	1,335	720
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,585	1,140	445
25. Library science	0	0	0	260	45	215
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	160	105	60
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	60	50	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	90	85	10	18,430	17,205	1,230
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	380	235	145
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,080	1,780	300
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	10	0	3,915	3,565	355
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	10	0
46. Construction trades	15	15	0	3,970	3,880	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	45	45	0	4,355	4,215	140
48. Precision production	15	10	0	3,720	3,520	195
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	25	10	1,945	1,315	625
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	15	10	0	1,015	605	405
03. Natural resources and conservation	20	15	0	935	710	220
Health and related fields	25	0	20	10,555	2,235	8,320
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	825	445	385
51. Health professions and related programs	30	0	20	9,470	1,640	7,830
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	265	160	110
Personal, protective and transportation services	45	15	30	5,845	3,130	2,720
12. Personal and culinary services	30	10	20	3,215	805	2,410
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	15	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	10	1,035	865	170
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	10	0	1,570	1,445	125
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	10	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	375	215	165	80,655	39,780	40,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	185	110	75	23,990	12,040	11,955
Education	0	0	0	4,060	1,000	3,065
13. Education	0	0	0	4,060	995	3,065
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	10	1,560	690	865
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	295	205	90
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	0	1,265	490	780
Humanities	0	0	0	2,085	890	1,195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	290	60	230
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	45	20	25
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	960	455	505
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	140	90	50
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	105	75	30
54. History	0	0	0	160	110	55
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	370	75	295
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	0	4,790	1,415	3,370
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	95	35	65
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	660	250	405
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	1,040	45	995
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	505	210	295
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	175	40	140
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,585	415	1,170
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	730	425	305
Business, management and public administration	25	0	20	13,260	4,140	9,110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	725	150	580
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	25	10	20	12,530	4,000	8,530
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,560	915	645
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	675	275	395
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	100	80	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	120	60	55
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	555	440	110
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	110	50	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,730	1,120	615
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,410	1,005	405
25. Library science	0	0	0	195	25	170
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	85	50	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	45	40	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	75	70	0	13,415	12,340	1,075
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	310	175	140
14. Engineering	0	0	0	1,720	1,445	280
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	15	15	10	2,915	2,605	305
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	20	15	0	2,905	2,830	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30	35	0	3,020	2,900	115
48. Precision production	10	10	0	2,545	2,380	165
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	20	15	10	1,620	1,060	560
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	10	10	0	830	490	345
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	785	565	215
Health and related fields	25	10	20	7,975	1,740	6,235
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	635	325	310
51. Health professions and related programs	30	10	15	7,135	1,315	5,815
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	205	100	100
Personal, protective and transportation services	40	10	25	4,615	2,430	2,185
12. Personal and culinary services	25	0	20	2,475	560	1,920
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	10	840	680	160
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	10	0	1,290	1,180	110
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	10
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	535	315	225	127,885	62,135	65,745
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	295	160	135	50,985	23,660	27,325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	240	155	90	76,900	38,480	38,425
Location of study inside Canada	240	150	90	75,025	37,395	37,625
Same as province or territory of residence	240	150	90	74,070	36,840	37,230
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	960	560	395
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	10	0	1,880	1,080	795
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	205	145	60
Philippines	0	0	0	20	20	0
India	0	0	0	10	10	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	50	40	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	60	25	35
France	0	0	0	505	280	220
Other	0	0	0	1,030	570	460
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	375	215	160	80,655	39,775	40,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	185	110	80	23,990	12,035	11,950
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	190	105	85	56,665	27,735	28,925
Location of study inside Canada	190	105	85	55,160	26,900	28,260
Same as province or territory of residence	190	105	85	54,460	26,505	27,955
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	700	395	305
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	1,505	840	665
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	125	90	35
Philippines	0	0	0	20	20	0
India	0	0	0	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	40	30	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	60	30	35
France	0	0	0	375	215	165
Other	0	0	0	875	465	410
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	540	315	225	127,885	62,135	65,750
In the labour force	355	220	140	76,030	39,085	36,950
Employed	315	185	125	70,510	35,685	34,830
Unemployed	40	30	15	5,520	3,400	2,115
Not in the labour force	180	100	85	51,850	23,055	28,800
Participation rate	65.7	69.8	62.2	59.5	62.9	56.2
Employment rate	58.3	58.7	55.6	55.1	57.4	53.0
Unemployment rate	11.3	13.6	10.7	7.3	8.7	5.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	540	315	220	127,880	62,135	65,745
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	155	75	80	48,820	21,505	27,315
Worked	385	240	145	79,060	40,635	38,430
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	150	105	50	36,875	20,065	16,810
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	225	135	95	42,190	20,565	21,620
Average weeks worked in reference year	37.3	37.6	36.9	42.7	42.5	42.9
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	355	220	140	76,035	39,085	36,950
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	1,980	975	1,005
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	345	215	135	74,055	38,110	35,950
Employee	295	185	105	66,590	33,775	32,820
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	55	25	25	7,465	4,330	3,130
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	355	215	140	76,035	39,085	36,950
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	1,980	975	1,005
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	345	215	130	74,055	38,110	35,945
0 Management occupations	20	15	10	6,340	4,050	2,290
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	40	0	35	11,120	3,355	7,765
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	0	0	4,115	3,230	885
3 Health occupations	20	0	20	6,600	1,295	5,305
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	10	15	9,370	2,880	6,490
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	1,730	805	925
6 Sales and service occupations	70	25	50	18,760	7,915	10,840
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	115	115	10	11,070	10,510	560
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	45	50	0	900	735	160
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	4,060	3,330	730
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	355	220	140	76,030	39,080	36,950
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	10	10	1,975	975	1,000
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	350	215	135	74,055	38,110	35,945
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	40	40	10	1,190	855	330
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	20	20	0	145	140	10
22 Utilities	10	0	10	1,105	890	220
23 Construction	40	40	0	4,305	3,855	450
31-33 Manufacturing	25	25	0	8,905	7,065	1,835
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	1,990	1,530	460
44-45 Retail trade	40	25	20	9,805	4,480	5,330
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	15	10	0	2,985	2,445	545
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,555	830	725
52 Finance and insurance	10	10	10	2,285	835	1,450
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	800	470	335
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	0	0	3,615	2,090	1,520
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	40	15	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	10	10	2,950	1,735	1,220
61 Educational services	0	0	0	6,155	2,055	4,100
62 Health care and social assistance	45	0	40	11,605	2,285	9,315
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,260	645	620
72 Accommodation and food services	15	10	10	5,480	2,205	3,275
81 Other services (except public administration)	35	20	15	3,600	1,590	2,005
91 Public administration	20	10	15	4,265	2,085	2,180
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	320	190	130	70,510	35,685	34,830
Worked at home	50	25	25	3,865	1,845	2,020
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	155	105	50
No fixed workplace address	35	35	0	5,730	4,290	1,435
Worked at usual place	230	125	100	60,760	29,435	31,325
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	230	125	100	60,760	29,435	31,325
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	25	25	0	43,315	19,800	23,515
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	120	60	55	2,420	1,125	1,295
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	80	35	40	14,920	8,420	6,495
Commute to a different province or territory	10	10	0	105	90	20
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	265	160	105	66,490	33,725	32,765
Car, truck, van - as a driver	240	145	100	58,665	30,035	28,630
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	10	0	2,225	910	1,315
Public transit	0	0	0	1,505	570	930
Walked	0	0	0	2,965	1,450	1,515
Bicycle	0	0	0	555	425	130
Other method	10	0	10	585	335	250
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	265	160	105	66,490	33,725	32,765
Less than 15 minutes	50	35	15	27,965	13,260	14,705
15 to 29 minutes	85	45	35	26,175	12,985	13,190
30 to 44 minutes	55	15	40	7,805	4,355	3,450
45 to 59 minutes	40	25	15	1,765	1,100	660
60 minutes and over	30	30	0	2,780	2,020	760
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	265	160	105	66,490	33,725	32,765
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	50	45	10	2,550	1,910	640
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	30	20	10	10,170	6,960	3,210
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	120	65	55	24,755	12,100	12,655
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	15	10	15	13,845	5,350	8,495
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	20	10	15	5,255	1,985	3,275
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	25	20	10	9,915	5,420	4,490
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	380	240	140	81,130	41,685	39,440
Single responses	380	235	145	79,785	40,930	38,850
Official languages	380	235	140	79,715	40,895	38,820
English	25	15	10	1,105	675	425
French	355	220	135	78,615	40,225	38,390
Non-official languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	15	15	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	55	25	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	1,350	755	595
English and French	10	0	0	1,270	715	555
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	40	25	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	25
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	385	240	145	81,125	41,685	39,445
None	345	210	135	70,280	35,055	35,225
English	20	15	10	9,795	6,060	3,740
French	15	10	0	785	445	340
Non-official language	0	0	0	190	80	110
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	180	80	100
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	70	40	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	615	375	245	148,850	73,000	75,845
Non-movers	585	355	235	129,880	63,815	66,065
Movers	30	15	15	18,975	9,190	9,780
Non-migrants	10	10	0	12,915	6,280	6,635
Migrants	20	10	10	6,055	2,910	3,145
Internal migrants	20	10	10	5,635	2,670	2,965
Intraprovincial migrants	20	10	10	5,510	2,600	2,915
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	120	75	45
External migrants	10	0	10	425	240	185
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	575	350	235	142,980	69,875	73,105
Non-movers	430	275	155	90,335	44,390	45,950
Movers	155	70	80	52,645	25,490	27,160
Non-migrants	35	25	10	34,015	16,595	17,425
Migrants	120	50	70	18,635	8,900	9,735
Internal migrants	110	50	65	16,780	7,960	8,820
Intraprovincial migrants	110	50	65	16,450	7,800	8,655
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	330	165	165
External migrants	10	0	10	1,850	935	915

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Poularies, MÉ [Census subdivision], Quebec and Trois-Rivières [Census metropolitan area], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 10, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Poularies, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Trois-Rivières [Census metropolitan area], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Poularies, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Trois-Rivières [Census metropolitan area], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Poularies, Municipalité [Census subdivision], Quebec and Trois-Rivières [Census metropolitan area], Quebec