Census Profile, 2016 Census
Aurora, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Columbia-Shuswap D, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Feedback

Charts (using rates) Download Hierarchies

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Aurora, T Ontario [Census subdivision]			Columbia-Shuswap D, RDA British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Aurora, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Aurora, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Columbia-Shuswap D, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	55,445	...	...	4,044	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	53,203	...	...	4,047	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	4.2	...	...	-0.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	19,381	...	...	1,835	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	18,851	...	...	1,708	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,112.3	...	...	5.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	49.85	...	...	693.98	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	55,445	26,945	28,500	4,045	2,065	1,980
0 to 14 years	9,855	5,040	4,810	640	320	320
0 to 4 years	2,725	1,390	1,335	215	120	95
5 to 9 years	3,365	1,730	1,635	220	110	110
10 to 14 years	3,760	1,920	1,840	200	95	110
15 to 64 years	38,350	18,730	19,615	2,570	1,285	1,285
15 to 19 years	4,165	2,130	2,035	185	95	90
20 to 24 years	3,830	2,035	1,795	175	95	80
25 to 29 years	2,760	1,420	1,340	185	90	95
30 to 34 years	2,660	1,310	1,345	195	105	90
35 to 39 years	3,250	1,485	1,770	230	130	100
40 to 44 years	4,030	1,850	2,185	180	90	95
45 to 49 years	4,665	2,210	2,450	250	130	120
50 to 54 years	5,195	2,465	2,730	375	190	185
55 to 59 years	4,540	2,215	2,325	445	200	240
60 to 64 years	3,255	1,615	1,640	350	175	180
65 years and over	7,240	3,170	4,075	835	460	375
65 to 69 years	2,445	1,145	1,300	335	190	145
70 to 74 years	1,685	785	910	220	110	110
75 to 79 years	1,195	540	650	150	85	65
80 to 84 years	890	370	520	85	50	35
85 years and over	1,020	325	695	45	20	20
85 to 89 years	645	235	410	35	20	15
90 to 94 years	285	80	205	10	5	10
95 to 99 years	75	10	65	5	0	0
100 years and over	15	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.8	18.7	16.9	15.8	15.5	16.2
15 to 64 years	69.2	69.5	68.8	63.5	62.2	64.9
65 years and over	13.1	11.8	14.3	20.6	22.3	18.9
85 years and over	1.8	1.2	2.4	1.1	1.0	1.0
Average age of the population	39.6	38.5	40.7	44.4	44.7	44.1
Median age of the population	41.5	40.1	42.7	49.6	49.5	49.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	18,850	...	...	1,710	...	...
Single-detached house	11,380	...	...	1,360	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	935	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	6,535	...	...	100	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,395	...	...	15	...	...
Row house	3,350	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	620	...	...	50	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,165	...	...	30	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	18,850	...	...	1,710	...	...
1 person	3,085	...	...	430	...	...
2 persons	5,300	...	...	760	...	...
3 persons	3,865	...	...	205	...	...
4 persons	4,455	...	...	190	...	...
5 or more persons	2,140	...	...	115	...	...
Number of persons in private households	54,705	...	...	4,020	...	...
Average household size	2.9	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	45,590	21,905	23,690	3,405	1,745	1,660
Married or living common law	27,740	13,800	13,940	2,265	1,135	1,135
Married	25,265	12,585	12,675	1,865	935	930
Living common law	2,480	1,215	1,265	400	200	200
Not married and not living common law	17,850	8,100	9,750	1,135	610	530
Never married	12,290	6,540	5,750	640	390	255
Separated	1,135	425	710	95	50	45
Divorced	2,405	770	1,635	255	125	130
Widowed	2,025	370	1,650	150	50	100
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	15,960	...	...	1,245	...	...
2 persons	5,995	...	...	795	...	...
3 persons	4,020	...	...	195	...	...
4 persons	4,485	...	...	175	...	...
5 or more persons	1,460	...	...	85	...	...
Average size of census families	3.1	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	15,960	...	...	1,250	...	...
Total couple families	13,630	...	...	1,115	...	...
Married couples	12,390	...	...	915	...	...
Common-law couples	1,235	...	...	200	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	2,330	...	...	130	...	...
Female parent	1,865	...	...	95	...	...
Male parent	465	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	13,630	...	...	1,120	...	...
Couples without children	4,725	...	...	710	...	...
Couples with children	8,905	...	...	405	...	...
1 child	3,205	...	...	160	...	...
2 children	4,295	...	...	165	...	...
3 or more children	1,410	...	...	80	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	2,330	...	...	130	...	...
1 child	1,270	...	...	85	...	...
2 children	815	...	...	30	...	...
3 or more children	245	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5,120	2,105	3,015	670	385	280
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	18,850	...	...	1,705	...	...
One-census-family households	14,820	...	...	1,180	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,210	...	...	680	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	10,610	...	...	500	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	555	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,480	...	...	495	...	...
One-person households	3,085	...	...	430	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	395	...	...	65	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	54,955	26,805	28,150	4,045	2,065	1,980
English only	48,500	24,105	24,395	3,875	1,995	1,885
French only	20	10	10	0	0	0
English and French	5,235	2,180	3,055	160	70	95
Neither English nor French	1,200	510	690	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	54,955	26,805	28,150	4,045	2,070	1,980
English	52,700	25,845	26,855	3,985	2,035	1,945
French	695	300	395	55	25	30
English and French	380	160	220	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	1,180	495	680	5	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	890	385	505	55	20	30
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.6	1.4	1.8	1.4	1.0	1.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	54,955	26,805	28,150	4,040	2,070	1,980
Single responses	53,715	26,225	27,485	4,015	2,055	1,960
Official languages	37,995	18,765	19,230	3,750	1,930	1,825
English	37,320	18,470	18,850	3,690	1,895	1,795
French	675	295	375	60	25	30
Non-official languages	15,720	7,465	8,260	260	125	135
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15,720	7,465	8,260	260	125	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	545	270	275	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	535	265	265	0	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	430	210	215	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	5	15	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	55	35	25	0	0	0
Maltese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	115	45	70	5	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	85	35	50	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	485	165	325	5	0	5
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	10	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	435	145	290	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	265	140	130	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	35	20	20	0	0	0
Tamil	195	100	95	0	0	0
Telugu	20	10	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,800	4,235	4,560	225	115	110
Albanian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Armenian	80	35	50	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,465	1,155	1,305	40	20	15
Baltic languages	55	20	40	0	0	0
Latvian	25	5	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,405	1,135	1,270	40	25	15
Belarusan	15	0	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	60	30	25	0	0	0
Croatian	60	30	30	5	5	5
Czech	35	15	20	5	5	5
Macedonian	105	55	55	0	0	0
Polish	290	125	165	5	5	0
Russian	1,540	735	805	10	5	5
Serbian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	45	15	30	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	120	45	70	10	5	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	685	315	370	170	85	90
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	15	0	0	5
Dutch	140	65	75	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	460	215	255	125	65	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	15	0	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	440	215	230	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,225	1,110	1,115	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	615	305	310	0	0	0
Bengali	50	30	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	135	65	70	0	0	0
Hindi	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	90	45	45	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Urdu	185	90	95	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,600	800	800	0	0	0
Kurdish	45	20	25	0	0	0
Pashto	15	5	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,540	775	765	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,835	1,375	1,465	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,320	675	645	5	0	5
Portuguese	315	130	180	5	5	0
Romanian	510	240	265	0	0	5
Spanish	695	325	365	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	75	30	45	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	440	205	235	10	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	5	5	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,340	2,075	2,270	0	0	0
Chinese languages	4,335	2,075	2,260	5	0	0
Cantonese	1,780	845	935	5	0	0
Hakka	30	15	20	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,310	1,105	1,200	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	75	40	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	70	40	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	65	25	35	5	0	5
Lao	55	25	30	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	35	20	20	0	0	0
Turkish	80	40	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	390	175	210	10	0	5
Estonian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Finnish	60	25	35	5	0	5
Hungarian	285	140	150	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,235	575	665	30	15	15
English and French	155	75	75	5	5	5
English and non-official language	1,000	475	530	20	10	15
French and non-official language	30	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	15	35	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	54,955	26,805	28,150	4,045	2,065	1,975
Single responses	52,190	25,510	26,680	4,000	2,050	1,955
Official languages	44,285	21,695	22,585	3,935	2,020	1,915
English	44,010	21,570	22,440	3,920	2,015	1,905
French	275	130	145	20	5	15
Non-official languages	7,905	3,815	4,090	65	30	35
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,905	3,815	4,090	65	30	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	200	100	105	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	5	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	190	95	100	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	165	80	85	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	30	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	20	0	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	145	60	80	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	120	55	70	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	125	60	70	0	0	0
Kannada	10	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	105	50	50	0	0	0
Telugu	0	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,575	1,715	1,865	60	30	25
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,395	675	720	5	5	5
Baltic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,380	670	710	10	5	5
Belarusan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	105	50	50	0	0	0
Russian	1,115	540	575	0	5	0
Serbian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	10	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	75	35	35	45	25	25
Afrikaans	5	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	5	5	0	5	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	25	25	40	20	20
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	30	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,165	570	600	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	235	105	125	0	0	0
Bengali	25	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	25	25	0	0	0
Hindi	30	15	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	65	30	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	920	455	470	0	0	0
Kurdish	35	20	15	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	880	430	445	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	820	375	445	0	5	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	145	65	80	5	5	0
Portuguese	80	30	50	0	0	0
Romanian	255	115	140	0	0	0
Spanish	340	160	180	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	295	140	155	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	3,235	1,595	1,640	0	0	0
Chinese languages	3,235	1,595	1,640	0	0	0
Cantonese	1,225	585	640	5	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,870	935	935	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lao	15	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	10	5	0	0	0
Turkish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	150	60	90	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	130	55	75	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,760	1,295	1,470	45	15	25
English and French	95	40	55	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,605	1,235	1,370	40	15	25
French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	50	20	35	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	54,955	26,805	28,150	4,045	2,065	1,975
None	45,500	22,435	23,060	3,915	2,005	1,915
English	3,705	1,820	1,890	40	15	20
French	685	270	415	30	10	15
Non-official language	4,885	2,215	2,670	65	35	30
Aboriginal	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,885	2,215	2,670	60	35	30
English and French	35	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	70	25	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	75	30	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	44,870	21,710	23,160	3,385	1,735	1,650
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	42,795	20,685	22,110	3,285	1,690	1,590
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,382	49,697	34,106	27,221	37,120	21,056
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	42,805	20,685	22,120	3,285	1,695	1,590
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,082	43,163	30,906	25,158	32,368	20,480
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	39,945	19,600	20,345	2,885	1,525	1,355
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,813	49,810	32,672	23,912	33,152	16,704
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	28,205	12,145	16,065	2,425	1,190	1,240
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,913	698	2,965	7,869	8,688	7,259
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	34,235	17,385	16,850	2,360	1,260	1,095
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,668	49,317	34,816	24,448	35,200	17,216
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	44,870	21,710	23,160	3,400	1,760	1,640
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,800	20,705	22,095	3,280	1,715	1,565
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	65,014	80,420	50,576	37,576	46,110	28,242
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,805	20,705	22,105	3,275	1,715	1,565
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	50,024	59,931	40,743	32,483	39,016	25,337
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	39,960	19,590	20,365	2,870	1,515	1,355
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	65,519	81,803	49,854	34,867	43,747	24,953
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	28,220	12,200	16,015	2,520	1,280	1,240
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,825	5,111	6,369	9,148	9,921	8,350
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	34,240	17,310	16,920	2,260	1,195	1,065
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	63,465	77,381	49,227	36,933	47,256	25,344
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	44,870	21,715	23,160	3,400	1,755	1,640
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	17,585	9,690	7,895	835	525	315
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	66,921	74,990	60,057	45,254	52,687	38,583
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	89,330	102,286	73,423	56,891	65,813	41,972
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	94.1	96.4	90.4	81.8	85.0	76.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	78.6	80.8	75.0	68.0	71.6	61.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	5.9	3.6	9.6	18.0	15.1	23.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	44,870	21,710	23,155	3,385	1,730	1,650
Without total income	2,075	1,030	1,045	100	40	60
With total income	42,795	20,680	22,105	3,280	1,690	1,590
Percentage with total income	95.4	95.3	95.5	96.9	97.7	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	6,960	3,010	3,950	545	190	360
$10,000 to $19,999	6,155	2,585	3,565	685	285	400
$20,000 to $29,999	4,495	1,860	2,640	550	250	300
$30,000 to $39,999	3,645	1,505	2,135	385	190	190
$40,000 to $49,999	3,400	1,430	1,970	340	195	145
$50,000 to $59,999	3,050	1,405	1,645	210	135	75
$60,000 to $69,999	2,465	1,225	1,235	150	115	35
$70,000 to $79,999	2,170	1,155	1,015	120	85	30
$80,000 to $89,999	1,965	1,060	905	85	65	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,900	980	915	60	55	10
$100,000 and over	6,595	4,470	2,130	150	130	15
$100,000 to $149,999	3,750	2,360	1,390	100	90	15
$150,000 and over	2,840	2,110	735	45	40	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	44,870	21,715	23,155	3,380	1,730	1,650
Without after-tax income	2,065	1,030	1,035	100	35	60
With after-tax income	42,805	20,685	22,120	3,280	1,695	1,590
Percentage with after-tax income	95.4	95.3	95.5	97.0	98.0	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	7,160	3,055	4,110	570	200	365
$10,000 to $19,999	6,440	2,720	3,720	710	295	415
$20,000 to $29,999	5,115	2,135	2,985	645	295	350
$30,000 to $39,999	4,400	1,810	2,590	440	245	195
$40,000 to $49,999	4,250	1,935	2,310	335	200	130
$50,000 to $59,999	3,310	1,635	1,675	205	145	60
$60,000 to $69,999	2,880	1,580	1,300	135	100	35
$70,000 to $79,999	2,585	1,360	1,230	100	80	25
$80,000 and over	6,655	4,465	2,195	145	130	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,835	1,085	750	45	45	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,060	670	395	35	30	5
$100,000 and over	3,755	2,710	1,050	65	55	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	44,870	21,710	23,160	3,380	1,730	1,650
Without employment income	10,635	4,330	6,305	1,025	465	555
With employment income	34,240	17,390	16,850	2,360	1,260	1,095
Percentage with employment income	76.3	80.1	72.8	69.8	72.8	66.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	4,365	2,070	2,295	480	220	260
$5,000 to $9,999	2,815	1,265	1,550	220	95	130
$10,000 to $19,999	4,115	1,915	2,200	345	145	200
$20,000 to $29,999	2,995	1,350	1,650	290	125	160
$30,000 to $39,999	2,615	1,085	1,530	235	110	120
$40,000 to $49,999	2,560	1,100	1,455	210	110	100
$50,000 to $59,999	2,290	1,085	1,205	155	110	45
$60,000 to $69,999	1,940	975	965	105	75	25
$70,000 to $79,999	1,735	930	795	85	70	20
$80,000 and over	8,810	5,610	3,200	245	215	30
$80,000 to $89,999	1,645	890	755	70	60	10
$90,000 to $99,999	1,690	860	830	45	40	10
$100,000 and over	5,475	3,860	1,615	125	115	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	18,850	...	...	1,710	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	106,708	...	...	57,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	90,550	...	...	52,275	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	3,085	...	...	430	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,603	...	...	27,456	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	41,152	...	...	25,877	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	15,770	...	...	1,275	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	120,990	...	...	69,043	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	101,506	...	...	61,714	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	18,855	...	...	1,710	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	147,604	...	...	72,113	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	113,594	...	...	62,339	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	3,085	...	...	460	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	69,939	...	...	33,980	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	53,642	...	...	29,887	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	15,765	...	...	1,250	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	162,817	...	...	86,163	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	125,337	...	...	74,296	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	18,855	...	...	1,710	...	...
Under $5,000	180	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	135	...	...	30	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	235	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	335	...	...	90	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	405	...	...	80	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	455	...	...	95	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	480	...	...	105	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	495	...	...	70	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	505	...	...	90	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	465	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,000	...	...	145	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	990	...	...	155	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,010	...	...	115	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	995	...	...	80	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,035	...	...	85	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,125	...	...	380	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,345	...	...	165	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,875	...	...	90	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,495	...	...	85	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,410	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	18,850	...	...	1,705	...	...
Under $5,000	215	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	135	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	245	...	...	60	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	355	...	...	90	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	460	...	...	100	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	480	...	...	115	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	600	...	...	95	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	560	...	...	105	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	605	...	...	105	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	600	...	...	95	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	1,215	...	...	200	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	1,295	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	1,320	...	...	110	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,290	...	...	110	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,225	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 and over	8,265	...	...	245	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,545	...	...	115	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,805	...	...	75	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,910	...	...	50	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	15,530	...	...	1,230	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	120,795	...	...	68,864	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,346	...	...	61,536	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,090	...	...	660	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	105,230	...	...	62,080	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,293	...	...	56,576	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,935	...	...	410	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	143,028	...	...	93,824	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	118,919	...	...	82,176	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	2,150	...	...	115	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	71,351	...	...	41,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,472	...	...	38,784	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	15,565	...	...	1,215	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	162,777	...	...	86,123	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	125,098	...	...	74,193	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,155	...	...	640	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	153,436	...	...	71,169	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	116,234	...	...	61,845	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,895	...	...	415	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	187,270	...	...	115,539	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	143,000	...	...	98,359	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	2,180	...	...	100	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	88,005	...	...	44,591	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	73,422	...	...	40,183	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,075	1,770	2,300	565	330	240
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	42,505	46,827	39,194	26,304	30,784	22,208
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,134	40,352	35,013	24,448	27,840	21,856
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,040	1,800	2,240	580	365	215
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	61,706	58,908	63,955	31,906	35,695	25,560
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	48,150	46,903	49,152	28,115	31,048	23,202
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	54,705	26,740	27,960	4,020	2,055	1,970
In the bottom half of the distribution	17,715	8,315	9,400	2,525	1,250	1,275
In the bottom decile	3,420	1,625	1,795	495	240	255
In the second decile	3,235	1,460	1,775	565	270	300
In the third decile	3,245	1,510	1,735	570	280	295
In the fourth decile	3,755	1,765	1,990	435	225	215
In the fifth decile	4,060	1,960	2,095	455	240	220
In the top half of the distribution	36,990	18,425	18,565	1,490	805	690
In the sixth decile	4,585	2,240	2,345	380	200	175
In the seventh decile	5,605	2,765	2,840	330	180	150
In the eighth decile	6,800	3,380	3,415	335	175	160
In the ninth decile	8,105	3,995	4,110	265	150	120
In the top decile	11,895	6,045	5,850	185	95	90
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	54,705	26,745	27,960	4,020	2,055	1,970
0 to 17 years	12,320	6,305	6,015	750	375	375
0 to 5 years	3,300	1,700	1,610	265	145	120
18 to 64 years	35,760	17,420	18,345	2,435	1,220	1,215
65 years and over	6,620	3,020	3,600	835	460	375
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	4,875	2,245	2,635	805	380	420
0 to 17 years	1,390	680	705	170	80	95
0 to 5 years	395	195	195	60	35	30
18 to 64 years	2,980	1,370	1,615	445	205	235
65 years and over	510	195	320	185	95	95
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	8.9	8.4	9.4	20.0	18.5	21.3
0 to 17 years (%)	11.3	10.8	11.7	22.7	21.3	25.3
0 to 5 years (%)	12.0	11.5	12.1	22.6	24.1	25.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	7.9	8.8	18.3	16.8	19.3
65 years and over (%)	7.7	6.5	8.9	22.2	20.7	25.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	3,870	1,820	2,055	255	135	120
0 to 17 years	1,025	520	510	45	25	20
0 to 5 years	290	155	135	10	10	0
18 to 64 years	2,495	1,170	1,330	195	100	90
65 years and over	345	130	215	15	10	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.1	6.8	7.3	6.3	6.6	6.1
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	8.2	8.5	6.0	6.7	5.3
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8	9.1	8.4	3.8	6.9	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.0	6.7	7.2	8.0	8.2	7.4
65 years and over (%)	5.2	4.3	6.0	1.8	2.2	1.3
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	54,700	26,740	27,965	4,020	2,075	1,950
Official languages	53,495	26,230	27,265	4,025	2,075	1,950
English	53,490	26,220	27,265	4,015	2,065	1,950
French	5,185	2,120	3,065	155	75	80
Non-official languages	19,145	9,065	10,080	395	200	195
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	19,145	9,070	10,080	385	195	190
Afro-Asiatic languages	835	365	470	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	40	10	25	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	25	0	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	795	350	440	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	570	230	335	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	30	10	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	195	105	85	0	0	0
Maltese	25	10	20	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	130	55	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	50	70	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	615	205	410	10	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	10	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	590	200	390	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	405	180	220	0	0	0
Kannada	30	15	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	25	30	0	0	0
Tamil	290	125	165	0	0	0
Telugu	40	25	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	11,455	5,525	5,925	375	190	180
Albanian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Armenian	85	40	50	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,020	1,480	1,545	45	20	25
Baltic languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,975	1,460	1,515	45	20	25
Belarusan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Croatian	70	30	40	0	0	10
Czech	45	25	20	10	0	10
Macedonian	205	125	80	0	0	0
Polish	370	170	190	10	0	0
Russian	2,005	950	1,050	15	10	0
Serbian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	75	25	45	0	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	60	35	20	0	0	0
Ukrainian	250	125	120	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	15	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	25	10	15	0	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	10	10	10	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,130	470	660	255	140	115
Afrikaans	45	35	10	0	0	0
Danish	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	205	90	110	55	25	30
Frisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
German	820	330	495	195	105	90
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	10	15	10	10	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	620	295	330	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,855	1,450	1,400	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	820	445	375	0	0	0
Bengali	55	40	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	75	35	35	0	0	0
Hindi	310	175	135	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	25	15	10	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	225	115	110	0	0	0
Sindhi	25	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	80	40	45	0	0	0
Urdu	220	130	90	0	0	0
Iranian languages	2,005	985	1,020	0	0	0
Kurdish	110	40	70	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,935	970	965	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,080	1,970	2,110	85	40	45
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,000	1,050	950	0	0	0
Portuguese	410	200	215	20	10	10
Romanian	565	260	305	0	0	0
Spanish	1,260	555	705	65	35	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	45	35	0	10	0
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	510	240	275	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	45	30	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	20	15	10	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	10	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	20	15	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	10	25	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	0	25	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,865	2,335	2,530	0	0	0
Chinese languages	4,860	2,330	2,530	0	0	0
Cantonese	2,100	960	1,135	0	0	0
Hakka	45	25	25	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,235	1,560	1,675	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	105	55	50	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	100	55	45	0	0	0
Lao	70	40	25	0	0	0
Thai	45	15	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	175	95	80	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	65	30	35	0	0	0
Turkish	140	65	70	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	455	210	250	0	0	10
Estonian	65	20	50	0	0	0
Finnish	120	50	75	10	0	10
Hungarian	270	135	130	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	54,700	26,740	27,960	4,020	2,070	1,945
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	51,140	25,135	26,000	3,855	1,985	1,870
Canadian citizens aged under 18	11,945	6,075	5,870	710	345	360
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	39,195	19,060	20,135	3,140	1,635	1,505
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,565	1,605	1,960	165	90	80
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	54,700	26,745	27,965	4,025	2,070	1,945
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	37,795	18,670	19,120	3,605	1,870	1,740
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	16,510	7,880	8,635	420	205	215
Before 1981	4,420	2,110	2,310	245	120	125
1981 to 1990	1,845	935	905	25	10	15
1991 to 2000	3,775	1,810	1,965	40	15	30
2001 to 2010	4,625	2,170	2,450	100	65	40
2001 to 2005	2,565	1,245	1,315	35	15	15
2006 to 2010	2,060	930	1,135	70	45	20
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,855	845	1,010	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	400	195	205	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	16,510	7,880	8,635	415	205	215
Under 5 years	1,715	840	875	45	20	25
5 to 14 years	3,125	1,635	1,490	115	50	60
15 to 24 years	3,090	1,410	1,680	75	40	30
25 to 44 years	7,160	3,365	3,800	180	90	90
45 years and over	1,425	630	795	10	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	16,510	7,880	8,635	415	205	210
Americas	1,910	875	1,030	85	45	40
Brazil	70	35	35	10	10	0
Colombia	190	90	100	0	0	0
El Salvador	40	20	20	0	0	0
Guyana	155	60	90	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	270	115	155	0	0	0
Mexico	65	35	35	0	0	0
Peru	115	45	70	10	10	0
Trinidad and Tobago	210	95	115	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	465	210	250	75	35	40
Other places of birth in Americas	325	170	155	0	0	0
Europe	5,985	2,895	3,095	300	150	155
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	20	15	0	0	0
Croatia	30	10	20	10	0	10
France	40	25	20	0	10	0
Germany	320	165	150	70	50	20
Greece	175	110	70	0	0	0
Hungary	80	40	35	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	95	35	60	0	0	0
Italy	605	360	245	10	0	0
Netherlands	125	70	55	55	25	30
Poland	220	90	135	0	0	0
Portugal	180	70	110	10	0	0
Romania	465	195	270	10	0	10
Russian Federation	655	345	310	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	85	30	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	395	185	210	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,655	730	930	80	35	50
Other places of birth in Europe	825	410	415	70	30	40
Africa	620	345	275	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	210	100	110	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	25	10	15	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	120	70	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	220	140	75	0	0	0
Asia	7,960	3,740	4,220	20	10	10
Afghanistan	115	60	55	0	0	0
Bangladesh	30	20	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	2,510	1,200	1,305	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	720	350	370	0	0	0
India	475	245	230	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	1,530	765	765	0	0	0
Iraq	55	15	40	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	400	180	220	0	0	0
Lebanon	70	40	30	0	0	0
Pakistan	160	70	85	0	0	0
Philippines	610	210	395	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	255	110	150	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	110	50	60	0	0	0
Viet Nam	195	80	110	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	710	340	370	20	10	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	35	15	15	10	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,850	845	1,010	0	0	0
Americas	145	75	75	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	15	10	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	30	20	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	60	35	25	0	0	0
Europe	390	200	190	0	0	0
France	15	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	25	10	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	95	40	50	0	0	0
Ukraine	60	20	35	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	90	55	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	50	25	25	0	0	0
Africa	55	25	30	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	35	15	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	20	15	0	0	0	0
Asia	1,260	545	715	0	0	0
Afghanistan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	575	280	295	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	50	20	30	0	0	0
India	35	15	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	240	110	125	0	0	0
Iraq	10	0	10	0	0	0
Israel	20	15	10	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Philippines	200	60	140	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	10	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	55	20	35	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	54,700	26,740	27,960	4,020	2,075	1,950
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	17,290	8,255	9,035	430	215	220
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	15,555	7,680	7,875	720	400	315
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	21,860	10,805	11,050	2,870	1,455	1,415
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	12,235	5,825	6,410	180	90	85
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	7,430	3,695	3,735	145	90	55
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,935	1,865	1,070	55	55	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	4,490	1,830	2,665	85	30	55
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	3,190	1,315	1,875	30	0	25
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,475	745	730	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	140	75	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	54,705	26,740	27,960	4,020	2,070	1,945
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	405	195	205	325	160	160
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	360	170	195	320	160	165
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	210	105	105	110	55	55
Métis	150	65	90	215	105	110
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	54,305	26,545	27,755	3,695	1,915	1,785
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	54,705	26,745	27,960	4,020	2,070	1,945
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	155	80	70	75	40	40
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	54,550	26,665	27,885	3,945	2,035	1,915
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	54,700	26,740	27,960	4,020	2,075	1,945
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	40	25	15	55	15	35
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	35	20	15	45	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	30	20	10	20	0	10
Métis single ancestry	0	0	10	25	10	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	800	365	435	300	160	135
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	775	350	420	270	145	125
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	545	260	285	110	50	55
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	215	85	125	160	85	75
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	25	15	15	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	10	30	20	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	53,865	26,360	27,505	3,670	1,895	1,775
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	54,705	26,740	27,960	4,020	2,075	1,945
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	14,695	7,185	7,510	25	25	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,845	935	915	0	10	0
Chinese	5,555	2,685	2,865	0	0	0
Black	1,205	605	600	0	0	0
Filipino	915	395	515	0	0	0
Latin American	660	305	350	10	10	0
Arab	555	240	315	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	305	160	145	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,885	955	930	0	0	0
Korean	595	270	320	0	0	0
Japanese	200	110	90	10	10	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	305	155	150	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	680	365	315	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	40,010	19,560	20,455	3,995	2,050	1,945
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	54,700	26,740	27,960	4,020	2,075	1,950
North American Aboriginal origins	835	385	450	350	180	170
First Nations (North American Indian)	600	290	310	165	80	85
Inuit	20	0	10	0	0	0
Métis	245	100	145	225	120	105
Other North American origins	11,225	5,505	5,725	1,035	555	475
Acadian	30	20	10	0	0	0
American	600	275	320	85	45	40
Canadian	10,805	5,315	5,485	950	510	440
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	50	25	20	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	37,105	18,125	18,985	3,555	1,845	1,715
British Isles origins	21,700	10,495	11,205	2,515	1,295	1,220
Channel Islander	20	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	12,900	6,225	6,680	1,550	810	740
Irish	9,125	4,455	4,665	880	435	445
Manx	30	10	20	0	0	0
Scottish	9,265	4,575	4,695	1,075	515	555
Welsh	1,040	495	540	140	65	75
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,765	790	980	90	40	55
French origins	3,730	1,730	2,005	485	240	240
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,725	1,720	2,000	485	240	245
Western European origins (except French origins)	6,620	3,305	3,315	1,650	880	765
Austrian	515	270	245	105	50	55
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	175	85	90	35	30	10
Dutch	1,605	815	800	440	210	230
Flemish	35	10	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	4,680	2,305	2,370	1,160	625	540
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	245	130	110	140	80	65
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,235	570	670	460	265	195
Danish	225	125	105	40	20	15
Finnish	445	200	250	30	10	20
Icelandic	75	45	35	40	15	25
Norwegian	295	125	170	210	140	70
Swedish	145	50	100	165	100	70
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	70	40	30	25	10	15
Eastern European origins	7,405	3,590	3,815	585	290	295
Bulgarian	100	60	45	0	0	0
Byelorussian	210	100	110	0	0	0
Czech	215	115	95	15	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	95	55	45	20	15	10
Estonian	185	80	100	0	0	0
Hungarian	875	410	465	25	20	0
Latvian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Lithuanian	160	75	80	0	0	0
Moldovan	100	50	40	0	0	0
Polish	2,215	1,110	1,110	145	65	80
Romanian	640	310	330	55	20	30
Russian	2,350	1,120	1,225	205	105	100
Slovak	140	55	85	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,780	860	920	205	95	105
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Southern European origins	10,635	5,460	5,180	135	75	60
Albanian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	190	75	115	0	0	10
Cypriot	40	30	10	0	0	0
Greek	1,435	720	720	0	0	0
Italian	6,835	3,515	3,315	80	55	25
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	525	290	230	0	0	0
Maltese	220	100	120	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,140	575	570	20	10	10
Serbian	225	115	105	0	0	0
Sicilian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Slovenian	255	160	90	0	0	0
Spanish	670	310	360	25	10	25
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	105	70	40	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	605	300	305	0	0	0
Basque	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	485	245	245	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	105	45	55	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,340	650	695	15	10	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Barbadian	110	45	70	0	0	0
Bermudan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Carib	15	15	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	15	0	0	0
Dominican	30	10	20	0	0	0
Grenadian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	725	345	380	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	280	150	135	15	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	170	85	85	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,400	665	730	25	25	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	45	30	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	10	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	15	0	15	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chilean	50	20	30	0	0	0
Colombian	240	115	120	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	95	55	45	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	355	175	185	0	0	0
Hispanic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	30	15	15	0	0	0
Mexican	130	60	70	0	10	0
Nicaraguan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	150	75	80	0	0	0
Salvadorean	85	30	50	0	0	0
Uruguayan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	60	20	40	10	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	10	20	0	0	0
African origins	1,145	595	545	15	10	10
Central and West African origins	90	55	30	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	500	230	270	0	0	0
Algerian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	10	0	0	0	0
Coptic	40	15	30	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	390	175	215	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	50	15	30	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	25	20	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	300	160	135	0	0	0
Afrikaner	10	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	15	20	0	0	0
South African	150	85	65	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	15	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	265	155	110	15	10	10
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	20	20	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	255	150	105	20	10	10
Asian origins	13,400	6,450	6,945	30	20	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,345	1,560	1,780	0	0	0
Afghan	195	85	105	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	100	35	60	0	0	0
Armenian	180	80	105	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	35	30	0	0	0	0
Georgian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	1,900	945	955	0	0	0
Iraqi	85	35	55	0	0	0
Israeli	90	50	40	0	0	0
Jordanian	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	35	10	20	0	0	0
Kurd	65	25	40	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	280	95	190	0	0	0
Palestinian	85	35	55	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	105	45	65	0	0	0
Tajik	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tatar	50	25	25	0	0	0
Turk	250	105	150	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	30	20	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	35	15	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,970	990	975	10	0	0
Bangladeshi	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,460	755	700	10	10	0
Goan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	240	135	110	0	0	0
Punjabi	30	25	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	45	20	30	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	320	130	190	0	0	0
Tamil	70	25	45	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	0	15	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	8,185	3,950	4,240	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	55	20	35	0	0	0
Chinese	6,060	2,930	3,130	10	0	10
Filipino	1,070	480	585	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Japanese	275	145	130	15	10	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	670	325	350	0	0	0
Laotian	130	80	50	0	0	0
Malaysian	60	40	20	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Thai	80	45	35	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	240	125	115	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania origins	65	30	30	10	10	10
Australian	60	35	25	0	10	0
New Zealander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	18,850	...	...	1,710	...	...
Owner	15,815	...	...	1,370	...	...
Renter	3,035	...	...	335	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	18,850	...	...	1,710	...	...
Condominium	1,940	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	16,915	...	...	1,700	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	18,850	...	...	1,710	...	...
No bedrooms	15	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	1,070	...	...	95	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,860	...	...	475	...	...
3 bedrooms	7,085	...	...	590	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,820	...	...	550	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	18,855	...	...	1,705	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	2,290	...	...	300	...	...
5 rooms	1,975	...	...	280	...	...
6 rooms	2,780	...	...	275	...	...
7 rooms	3,105	...	...	250	...	...
8 or more rooms	8,705	...	...	600	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.4	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	18,850	...	...	1,705	...	...
One person or fewer per room	18,725	...	...	1,690	...	...
More than 1 person per room	125	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	18,850	...	...	1,710	...	...
Suitable	18,300	...	...	1,675	...	...
Not suitable	555	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	18,850	...	...	1,705	...	...
1960 or before	1,990	...	...	215	...	...
1961 to 1980	2,925	...	...	685	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,130	...	...	185	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,870	...	...	340	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,365	...	...	80	...	...
2006 to 2010	2,075	...	...	120	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,495	...	...	85	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	18,850	...	...	1,710	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	18,195	...	...	1,530	...	...
Major repairs needed	660	...	...	180	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	18,850	...	...	1,710	...	...
1 household maintainer	9,460	...	...	1,105	...	...
2 household maintainers	8,960	...	...	570	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	435	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	18,850	...	...	1,705	...	...
15 to 24 years	95	...	...	25	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,590	...	...	195	...	...
35 to 44 years	3,650	...	...	230	...	...
45 to 54 years	5,420	...	...	280	...	...
55 to 64 years	4,345	...	...	450	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,260	...	...	345	...	...
75 to 84 years	1,105	...	...	150	...	...
85 years and over	390	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	18,845	...	...	1,555	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	14,075	...	...	1,205	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	4,770	...	...	350	...	...
30% to less than 100%	4,030	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15,815	...	...	1,230	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	64.0	...	...	57.7	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	21.4	...	...	19.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,768	...	...	822	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,853	...	...	975	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	753,352	...	...	349,225	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	842,472	...	...	371,118	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,035	...	...	325	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	13.7	...	...	6.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.8	...	...	35.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,341	...	...	718	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,345	...	...	745	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	44,870	21,715	23,155	3,400	1,755	1,640
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,635	2,785	2,845	845	505	340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	11,335	5,610	5,720	1,050	485	565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	27,900	13,315	14,590	1,500	770	730
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,060	1,470	590	545	410	135
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	935	555	385	215	105	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,120	920	205	330	305	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	8,810	3,745	5,065	645	230	415
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,370	615	760	65	10	60
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	15,660	7,485	8,175	240	115	125
Bachelor's degree	10,990	5,035	5,950	160	95	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,200	550	650	25	0	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	320	110	210	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,775	1,525	1,250	40	10	35
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	380	260	120	10	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	30,290	14,480	15,805	2,170	1,065	1,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,445	800	645	415	255	165
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,155	3,045	3,105	715	315	400
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	22,695	10,635	12,055	1,035	495	540
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,445	1,030	415	385	290	90
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	665	385	285	155	80	70
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	775	650	130	235	215	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	7,065	2,980	4,085	420	135	285
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,040	470	565	50	10	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,140	6,155	6,990	180	60	120
Bachelor's degree	9,145	4,155	4,990	125	55	65
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,040	470	570	15	10	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	270	90	185	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,355	1,225	1,130	35	0	30
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	330	220	115	10	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	44,870	21,710	23,155	3,400	1,760	1,640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	16,970	8,400	8,570	1,900	990	905
Education	1,745	400	1,345	115	15	100
13. Education	1,745	400	1,350	115	15	100
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,260	435	825	45	25	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	90	75	15	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,170	360	810	40	15	20
Humanities	1,685	590	1,100	30	15	15
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	165	35	135	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	580	140	435	10	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	380	130	250	10	10	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	80	40	45	10	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	120	85	40	0	0	0
54. History	265	145	130	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	70	10	60	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,255	1,445	2,810	75	35	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	35	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	375	165	205	10	10	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	620	45	580	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	680	215	465	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	10	50	0	0	0
42. Psychology	645	125	515	25	15	10
45. Social sciences	1,840	880	960	25	10	15
Business, management and public administration	6,705	3,085	3,625	215	50	165
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	295	30	265	20	15	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,385	3,045	3,340	195	40	155
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,220	600	620	30	20	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	495	200	290	25	15	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	315	120	190	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	370	255	110	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	10	30	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,580	965	610	40	25	20
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,210	815	400	45	20	20
25. Library science	45	10	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	270	115	155	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	50	35	20	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,900	4,310	595	465	450	15
04. Architecture and related services	275	195	85	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,045	1,670	375	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	860	775	80	65	55	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	765	755	0	135	130	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	670	635	35	130	120	10
48. Precision production	295	280	15	130	130	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	325	195	130	75	55	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	175	105	65	55	40	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	95	65	20	15	0
Health and related fields	3,110	710	2,400	270	15	255
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	520	280	235	10	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	2,495	380	2,115	265	10	255
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	45	55	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,120	590	525	140	60	75
12. Personal and culinary services	605	205	405	85	20	70
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	355	250	100	10	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	145	125	15	35	35	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	30,285	14,485	15,805	2,170	1,065	1,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,600	3,845	3,750	1,135	565	565
Education	1,380	310	1,070	85	0	80
13. Education	1,380	305	1,070	85	0	85
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,000	310	685	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	60	40	15	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	940	275	670	0	0	0
Humanities	1,270	410	860	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	125	20	105	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	455	95	360	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	290	80	205	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	55	30	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	75	50	25	0	10	0
54. History	190	105	85	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	65	15	50	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	3,530	1,150	2,380	55	25	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	0	30	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	295	130	165	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	530	35	500	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	610	170	440	10	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	10	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	535	105	430	25	15	10
45. Social sciences	1,490	695	790	20	10	10
Business, management and public administration	5,580	2,515	3,070	140	25	110
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	10	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	235	10	225	15	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	5,315	2,495	2,820	125	20	105
Physical and life sciences and technologies	940	440	495	20	10	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	395	155	235	20	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	235	80	155	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	285	195	95	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	20	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,450	905	545	20	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,140	770	370	20	15	10
25. Library science	35	10	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	225	95	125	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,990	3,470	520	330	315	15
04. Architecture and related services	245	170	75	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,775	1,430	345	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	680	620	60	45	40	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	580	570	0	100	95	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	495	465	30	80	70	10
48. Precision production	220	205	10	105	100	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	265	150	115	50	35	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	145	80	65	30	15	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	120	65	50	15	15	0
Health and related fields	2,440	545	1,895	205	15	190
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	405	205	190	0	10	0
51. Health professions and related programs	1,955	305	1,650	200	10	190
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	35	50	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	850	425	425	100	40	60
12. Personal and culinary services	470	145	325	70	15	55
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	250	165	80	10	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	130	110	15	25	20	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	44,870	21,715	23,155	3,400	1,760	1,640
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	16,965	8,400	8,565	1,895	995	910
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	27,900	13,315	14,590	1,500	765	735
Location of study inside Canada	21,385	10,190	11,200	1,385	700	680
Same as province or territory of residence	19,855	9,415	10,440	1,050	500	550
Different than province or territory of residence	1,530	775	755	335	200	130
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,515	3,125	3,390	115	65	55
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	800	460	345	30	25	0
Philippines	300	55	235	0	0	0
India	240	110	130	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	750	385	360	30	10	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	955	455	500	0	0	0
France	30	25	10	0	0	0
Other	3,445	1,635	1,810	55	35	20
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	30,290	14,485	15,810	2,170	1,065	1,105
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,595	3,845	3,750	1,135	570	565
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	22,690	10,640	12,055	1,035	495	540
Location of study inside Canada	17,405	8,125	9,280	975	465	505
Same as province or territory of residence	16,185	7,530	8,660	760	350	410
Different than province or territory of residence	1,220	600	625	210	115	100
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,285	2,510	2,775	65	30	35
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	605	335	275	20	10	10
Philippines	220	35	190	0	0	0
India	200	100	100	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	505	240	260	10	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	895	430	465	0	0	0
France	30	25	10	0	0	0
Other	2,820	1,340	1,475	25	15	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	44,870	21,715	23,155	3,400	1,760	1,640
In the labour force	31,905	16,300	15,605	1,965	1,060	910
Employed	30,010	15,320	14,690	1,785	945	840
Unemployed	1,895	980	915	180	115	65
Not in the labour force	12,965	5,410	7,550	1,435	700	735
Participation rate	71.1	75.1	67.4	57.8	60.2	55.5
Employment rate	66.9	70.6	63.4	52.5	53.7	51.2
Unemployment rate	5.9	6.0	5.9	9.2	10.8	7.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	44,870	21,715	23,155	3,395	1,760	1,640
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	11,745	4,815	6,925	1,305	595	710
Worked	33,125	16,895	16,235	2,095	1,165	930
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	18,185	10,105	8,080	890	550	340
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	14,945	6,790	8,155	1,200	620	585
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.0	43.7	42.2	41.1	41.0	41.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	31,910	16,300	15,605	1,965	1,055	910
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	565	315	250	25	10	15
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	31,340	15,985	15,350	1,940	1,045	895
Employee	27,170	13,410	13,765	1,575	805	770
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,165	2,580	1,590	370	245	125
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	31,905	16,300	15,605	1,965	1,055	910
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	570	310	250	25	15	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	31,340	15,990	15,355	1,940	1,045	895
0 Management occupations	5,050	3,215	1,835	165	110	60
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,875	1,800	4,070	275	40	235
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	2,720	2,120	595	55	50	0
3 Health occupations	1,495	315	1,180	145	10	135
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	3,700	1,110	2,590	105	20	80
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,015	405	610	40	20	15
6 Sales and service occupations	7,270	3,310	3,965	370	115	255
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	2,980	2,785	195	470	460	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	510	425	85	185	110	70
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	725	500	225	140	110	30
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	31,910	16,300	15,605	1,965	1,060	910
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	565	315	255	25	15	15
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	31,345	15,990	15,355	1,940	1,045	895
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	115	45	65	235	145	85
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	50	45	10	50	50	0
22 Utilities	190	115	75	10	10	0
23 Construction	2,245	1,850	390	250	235	20
31-33 Manufacturing	2,630	1,795	845	220	155	65
41 Wholesale trade	1,770	1,180	590	50	30	20
44-45 Retail trade	3,610	1,715	1,895	260	100	155
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	985	690	290	90	80	15
51 Information and cultural industries	970	515	450	20	15	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,465	1,145	1,320	35	0	30
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,015	515	505	50	30	25
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,380	1,965	1,415	80	35	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	150	50	95	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,275	765	505	95	30	65
61 Educational services	2,960	830	2,125	55	0	50
62 Health care and social assistance	2,505	430	2,070	195	15	180
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	775	450	330	25	10	15
72 Accommodation and food services	1,605	690	915	95	25	70
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,270	515	755	85	55	35
91 Public administration	1,385	685	700	50	25	25
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	30,010	15,320	14,695	1,785	945	840
Worked at home	2,910	1,420	1,495	240	140	100
Worked outside Canada	140	85	50	10	10	0
No fixed workplace address	3,100	2,180	915	330	245	85
Worked at usual place	23,865	11,635	12,230	1,210	550	655
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	23,865	11,635	12,235	1,205	550	655
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	5,715	2,350	3,370	195	90	110
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,720	4,580	5,135	470	165	300
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	8,350	4,665	3,685	510	270	235
Commute to a different province or territory	80	35	40	35	30	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	26,965	13,820	13,150	1,540	800	740
Car, truck, van - as a driver	21,035	11,220	9,815	1,330	690	640
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,770	715	1,050	80	30	45
Public transit	2,990	1,385	1,610	10	10	10
Walked	895	380	515	70	30	50
Bicycle	90	50	40	10	0	0
Other method	185	75	115	45	35	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	26,970	13,815	13,150	1,535	800	740
Less than 15 minutes	5,780	2,380	3,400	355	175	180
15 to 29 minutes	5,745	2,590	3,150	525	225	300
30 to 44 minutes	5,820	3,270	2,550	415	210	200
45 to 59 minutes	3,885	2,285	1,595	125	90	30
60 minutes and over	5,740	3,295	2,445	120	100	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	26,965	13,815	13,150	1,540	800	740
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,700	1,300	395	180	145	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	4,880	3,030	1,850	360	230	130
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,820	3,835	3,980	350	165	185
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	5,515	2,390	3,115	285	80	205
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,530	1,515	2,020	110	45	70
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,525	1,740	1,785	255	135	125
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	34,105	17,320	16,790	2,190	1,205	985
Single responses	33,580	17,090	16,485	2,190	1,205	985
Official languages	33,060	16,800	16,260	2,190	1,210	985
English	32,935	16,790	16,140	2,180	1,200	975
French	130	10	120	10	0	0
Non-official languages	520	295	225	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	520	295	225	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	110	55	55	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	25	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	365	215	150	0	0	0
Chinese languages	365	215	150	0	0	0
Cantonese	135	70	65	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	215	135	80	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	525	220	305	0	0	0
English and French	125	45	80	0	0	0
English and non-official language	390	180	210	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	34,105	17,315	16,790	2,195	1,210	985
None	31,905	16,270	15,635	2,160	1,195	965
English	310	140	175	0	0	10
French	500	200	300	10	15	0
Non-official language	1,340	680	655	15	0	15
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,335	680	660	0	0	10
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	45	25	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	54,190	26,500	27,690	3,975	2,055	1,920
Non-movers	47,310	23,150	24,160	3,395	1,770	1,625
Movers	6,875	3,345	3,535	580	285	295
Non-migrants	2,155	1,100	1,050	160	75	80
Migrants	4,725	2,245	2,480	420	215	210
Internal migrants	4,260	2,010	2,245	425	210	210
Intraprovincial migrants	4,105	1,940	2,160	305	145	155
Interprovincial migrants	155	75	80	120	65	55
External migrants	465	230	235	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	52,020	25,420	26,600	3,805	1,975	1,830
Non-movers	33,745	16,640	17,105	2,410	1,265	1,140
Movers	18,270	8,780	9,490	1,395	710	685
Non-migrants	6,020	2,925	3,095	480	245	235
Migrants	12,255	5,860	6,400	920	460	455
Internal migrants	10,190	4,890	5,300	910	460	450
Intraprovincial migrants	9,845	4,730	5,115	770	375	395
Interprovincial migrants	345	155	190	145	85	55
External migrants	2,065	965	1,095	10	0	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 37 referrer

Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 38 referrer

Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 39 referrer

Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 40 referrer

Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

Return to footnote 41 referrer

Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 42 referrer

Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

Return to footnote 43 referrer

Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 44 referrer

Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 45 referrer

Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

Return to footnote 46 referrer

Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

Return to footnote 47 referrer

Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 48 referrer

Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

Return to footnote 49 referrer

Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 50 referrer

Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 51 referrer

Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

Return to footnote 52 referrer

Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 53 referrer

Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 54 referrer

Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 55 referrer

Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

Return to footnote 56 referrer

Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

Return to footnote 57 referrer

Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

Return to footnote 58 referrer

Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 59 referrer

Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

Return to footnote 60 referrer

Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

Return to footnote 61 referrer

Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

Return to footnote 62 referrer

Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

Return to footnote 63 referrer

Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 64 referrer

Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

Return to footnote 65 referrer

Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

Return to footnote 66 referrer

Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

Return to footnote 67 referrer

Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 68 referrer

Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

Return to footnote 69 referrer

Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

Return to footnote 70 referrer

Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

Return to footnote 71 referrer

Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 72 referrer

Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

Return to footnote 73 referrer

Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 74 referrer

Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

Return to footnote 75 referrer

Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

Return to footnote 76 referrer

Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

Return to footnote 77 referrer

Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

Return to footnote 78 referrer

Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 79 referrer

Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Return to footnote 80 referrer

Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 81 referrer

Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 82 referrer

Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

Return to footnote 83 referrer

Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

Return to footnote 84 referrer

Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 85 referrer

Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Return to footnote 86 referrer

Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 87 referrer

Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 88 referrer

Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 89 referrer

Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 90 referrer

Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 91 referrer

Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 92 referrer

Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

Return to footnote 93 referrer

Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

Return to footnote 94 referrer

Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 95 referrer

Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

Return to footnote 96 referrer

Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

Return to footnote 97 referrer

Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

Return to footnote 98 referrer

Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

Return to footnote 99 referrer

Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

Return to footnote 100 referrer

Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

Return to footnote 101 referrer

Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

Return to footnote 102 referrer

Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 103 referrer

Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

Return to footnote 104 referrer

Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

Return to footnote 105 referrer

Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

Return to footnote 106 referrer

Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

Return to footnote 107 referrer

Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 108 referrer

Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

Return to footnote 109 referrer

Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 110 referrer

Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

Return to footnote 111 referrer

Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 112 referrer

Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

Return to footnote 113 referrer

Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 114 referrer

Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

Return to footnote 115 referrer

Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

Return to footnote 116 referrer

Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

Return to footnote 117 referrer

Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

Return to footnote 118 referrer

Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 119 referrer

Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

Return to footnote 120 referrer

Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 121 referrer

Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

Return to footnote 122 referrer

Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 123 referrer

Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

Return to footnote 124 referrer

Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

Return to footnote 125 referrer

Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

Return to footnote 126 referrer

Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

Return to footnote 127 referrer

Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

Return to footnote 128 referrer

Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

Return to footnote 129 referrer

Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

Return to footnote 130 referrer

Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

Return to footnote 131 referrer

Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

Return to footnote 132 referrer

Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

Return to footnote 133 referrer

Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

Return to footnote 134 referrer

Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

Return to footnote 135 referrer

Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

Return to footnote 136 referrer

Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 137 referrer

Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

Return to footnote 138 referrer

Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

Return to footnote 139 referrer

Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

Return to footnote 140 referrer

Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

Return to footnote 141 referrer

Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

Return to footnote 142 referrer

Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

Return to footnote 143 referrer

Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

Return to footnote 144 referrer

Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

Return to footnote 145 referrer

Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 146 referrer

Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 147 referrer

Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

Return to footnote 148 referrer

Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

Return to footnote 149 referrer

Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

Return to footnote 150 referrer

Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

Return to footnote 151 referrer

Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

Return to footnote 152 referrer

Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

Return to footnote 153 referrer

Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

Return to footnote 154 referrer

Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

Return to footnote 155 referrer

Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

Return to footnote 156 referrer

Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Return to footnote 157 referrer

Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

Return to footnote 158 referrer

Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

Return to footnote 159 referrer

Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

Return to footnote 160 referrer

Footnote 161

Return to footnote 161 referrer

Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

Return to footnote 162 referrer

Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

Return to footnote 163 referrer

Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

Return to footnote 164 referrer

Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

Return to footnote 165 referrer

Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

Return to footnote 166 referrer

Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

Return to footnote 167 referrer

Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

Return to footnote 168 referrer

Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 169 referrer

Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

Return to footnote 170 referrer

Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

Return to footnote 171 referrer

Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

Return to footnote 172 referrer

Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

Return to footnote 173 referrer

Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

Return to footnote 174 referrer

Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

Return to footnote 175 referrer

Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

Return to footnote 176 referrer

Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

Return to footnote 177 referrer

Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

Return to footnote 178 referrer

Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 179 referrer

Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 180 referrer

Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Aurora, T [Census subdivision], Ontario and Columbia-Shuswap D, RDA [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

Language selection

Search and menus

Search

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Aurora, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Columbia-Shuswap D, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Aurora, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Columbia-Shuswap D, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Source

How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Aurora, Town [Census subdivision], Ontario and Columbia-Shuswap D, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia