Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	West Elgin, MU Ontario [Census subdivision]			Kootenay Boundary, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	4,995	...	...	31,447	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,157	...	...	31,138	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-3.1	...	...	1.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,221	...	...	18,321	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,102	...	...	14,339	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	15.5	...	...	3.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	322.48	...	...	8,084.52	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	4,995	2,485	2,505	31,445	15,640	15,805
0 to 14 years	760	360	400	4,315	2,210	2,115
0 to 4 years	235	110	125	1,300	675	625
5 to 9 years	245	120	125	1,505	780	725
10 to 14 years	285	130	150	1,515	750	765
15 to 64 years	3,175	1,605	1,565	19,145	9,565	9,580
15 to 19 years	305	165	140	1,520	815	710
20 to 24 years	235	120	110	1,270	685	590
25 to 29 years	230	120	110	1,295	665	630
30 to 34 years	225	120	105	1,520	745	770
35 to 39 years	245	115	130	1,595	805	790
40 to 44 years	290	140	150	1,695	860	840
45 to 49 years	305	150	155	1,880	905	975
50 to 54 years	450	215	230	2,355	1,130	1,225
55 to 59 years	460	240	215	2,955	1,450	1,505
60 to 64 years	435	215	215	3,055	1,510	1,550
65 years and over	1,065	520	540	7,990	3,875	4,110
65 to 69 years	375	200	170	2,750	1,395	1,355
70 to 74 years	260	120	140	1,885	960	925
75 to 79 years	165	85	80	1,395	690	705
80 to 84 years	140	65	75	975	450	530
85 years and over	125	50	70	980	380	600
85 to 89 years	70	30	45	605	265	340
90 to 94 years	45	20	25	300	105	195
95 to 99 years	0	0	5	70	15	50
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.2	14.5	16.0	13.7	14.1	13.4
15 to 64 years	63.6	64.6	62.5	60.9	61.2	60.6
65 years and over	21.3	20.9	21.6	25.4	24.8	26.0
85 years and over	2.5	2.0	2.8	3.1	2.4	3.8
Average age of the population	44.6	44.5	44.6	47.0	46.3	47.7
Median age of the population	48.7	48.9	48.6	51.6	50.8	52.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,100	...	...	14,340	...	...
Single-detached house	1,895	...	...	11,425	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	5	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	205	...	...	2,170	...	...
Semi-detached house	10	...	...	295	...	...
Row house	5	...	...	370	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	265	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	155	...	...	1,210	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	35	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	735	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,105	...	...	14,335	...	...
1 person	575	...	...	4,585	...	...
2 persons	855	...	...	6,040	...	...
3 persons	295	...	...	1,680	...	...
4 persons	235	...	...	1,440	...	...
5 or more persons	150	...	...	595	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,920	...	...	30,675	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	4,235	2,130	2,110	27,130	13,435	13,695
Married or living common law	2,680	1,335	1,345	16,695	8,350	8,345
Married	2,200	1,100	1,100	13,505	6,750	6,750
Living common law	485	240	240	3,195	1,595	1,600
Not married and not living common law	1,550	790	765	10,435	5,085	5,350
Never married	875	530	345	5,520	3,250	2,270
Separated	140	60	75	825	415	415
Divorced	250	135	115	1,975	935	1,045
Widowed	295	70	225	2,110	495	1,625
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,535	...	...	9,445	...	...
2 persons	915	...	...	6,095	...	...
3 persons	285	...	...	1,540	...	...
4 persons	210	...	...	1,330	...	...
5 or more persons	125	...	...	485	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,535	...	...	9,445	...	...
Total couple families	1,320	...	...	8,185	...	...
Married couples	1,075	...	...	6,585	...	...
Common-law couples	240	...	...	1,595	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	215	...	...	1,265	...	...
Female parent	170	...	...	920	...	...
Male parent	45	...	...	345	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,320	...	...	8,180	...	...
Couples without children	775	...	...	5,295	...	...
Couples with children	540	...	...	2,890	...	...
1 child	225	...	...	1,175	...	...
2 children	195	...	...	1,255	...	...
3 or more children	120	...	...	460	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	215	...	...	1,265	...	...
1 child	135	...	...	800	...	...
2 children	65	...	...	365	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	720	370	350	5,975	3,025	2,955
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,100	...	...	14,340	...	...
One-census-family households	1,445	...	...	9,195	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	735	...	...	5,170	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	710	...	...	4,030	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	45	...	...	125	...	...
Non-census-family households	610	...	...	5,020	...	...
One-person households	575	...	...	4,590	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	35	...	...	430	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	4,995	2,490	2,510	31,035	15,505	15,530
English only	4,760	2,400	2,365	29,605	14,850	14,760
French only	0	0	0	5	5	5
English and French	200	75	125	1,375	640	745
Neither English nor French	35	10	20	40	20	25
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	4,995	2,485	2,510	31,035	15,510	15,530
English	4,890	2,445	2,445	30,610	15,285	15,325
French	70	30	40	365	190	175
English and French	5	0	0	25	15	15
Neither English nor French	30	15	20	35	15	20
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	70	30	40	375	195	180
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.2	1.6	1.2	1.3	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	4,995	2,485	2,510	31,035	15,510	15,530
Single responses	4,945	2,470	2,480	30,785	15,395	15,395
Official languages	4,470	2,225	2,240	28,365	14,335	14,030
English	4,390	2,190	2,195	27,960	14,120	13,840
French	80	35	45	405	215	190
Non-official languages	480	240	240	2,425	1,055	1,365
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	15	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	5	0	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	5	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	480	245	235	2,410	1,050	1,355
Afro-Asiatic languages	5	5	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	5	5	0	10	5	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	5	0	5	5	0	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	100	25	75
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	0	80	15	65
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	420	215	205	2,020	890	1,125
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	55	25	30	720	295	425
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	45	20	25	715	295	425
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	0	10	10	5
Czech	5	5	0	35	20	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	55	25	30
Russian	5	5	0	540	210	330
Serbian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Slovak	0	0	5	15	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	5	0	5
Ukrainian	5	5	0	50	20	25
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	170	95	80	630	300	330
Afrikaans	0	0	0	35	15	15
Danish	0	0	5	20	10	10
Dutch	85	50	35	140	65	70
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	30	35	405	185	220
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	105	50	55
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	90	45	50
Bengali	0	0	0	0	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	55	20	35
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	200	95	100	550	240	310
Catalan	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italian	10	5	5	430	180	240
Portuguese	160	80	80	45	15	25
Romanian	10	5	10	5	0	5
Spanish	15	5	5	70	35	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Japanese	0	0	0	35	15	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	40	20	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	5	105	50	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	100	40	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	65	30	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	5	10	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	20	25	70	35	35
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hungarian	50	20	25	35	20	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	50	20	25	245	115	135
English and French	10	5	5	40	20	20
English and non-official language	35	15	25	200	90	110
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	4,995	2,485	2,510	31,040	15,505	15,530
Single responses	4,910	2,440	2,465	30,645	15,350	15,295
Official languages	4,770	2,380	2,385	30,180	15,135	15,040
English	4,755	2,380	2,380	30,065	15,080	14,985
French	10	5	10	115	55	55
Non-official languages	140	55	85	465	210	250
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	145	60	80	460	215	250
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	130	60	70	310	140	165
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	55	25	35
Baltic languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	55	20	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Russian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Serbian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	5	80	45	35
Afrikaans	0	0	0	25	15	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	5	5	10	10	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	5	0	30	15	15
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	10	5	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	35	15	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	105	45	60	120	50	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	5	0	80	25	50
Portuguese	90	40	50	5	5	5
Romanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Spanish	5	5	5	30	20	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	30	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Chinese languages	0	5	0	65	30	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	5	0	5	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	5	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hungarian	5	0	5	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	85	45	45	395	155	240
English and French	5	5	5	30	10	15
English and non-official language	85	45	40	355	140	220
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	4,995	2,485	2,510	31,035	15,505	15,530
None	4,730	2,365	2,365	29,650	14,915	14,730
English	50	20	30	315	150	165
French	50	20	35	210	100	110
Non-official language	155	80	80	840	335	510
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	160	75	80	840	335	505
English and French	5	5	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
French and non-official language	5	5	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,160	2,080	2,080	26,380	13,165	13,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,000	1,990	2,005	25,585	12,850	12,735
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,397	36,267	25,018	31,708	42,028	24,821
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,000	1,990	2,010	25,600	12,855	12,740
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,063	32,853	23,488	28,865	37,085	23,452
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,510	1,770	1,740	22,995	11,755	11,245
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,893	33,856	20,896	27,227	37,520	19,469
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,010	1,430	1,580	18,745	8,605	10,130
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,323	8,088	8,560	9,047	10,946	8,113
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,845	1,500	1,345	18,430	9,765	8,670
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,310	32,480	22,605	25,057	35,226	19,392
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,155	2,075	2,080	26,380	13,185	13,195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,945	1,960	1,990	25,655	12,910	12,740
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,655	41,744	33,621	41,850	51,539	32,031
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,945	1,960	1,985	25,670	12,925	12,750
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,623	35,676	29,612	35,391	42,423	28,261
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,455	1,720	1,730	23,095	11,750	11,345
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,961	39,844	30,095	38,951	49,458	28,068
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,010	1,460	1,545	18,645	8,570	10,070
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,236	8,949	9,507	9,349	9,856	8,917
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,840	1,485	1,355	18,435	9,815	8,625
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,396	37,675	30,802	37,411	45,842	27,820
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,155	2,075	2,085	26,385	13,190	13,195
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,445	780	670	6,555	3,890	2,665
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	44,819	47,353	42,784	58,517	71,281	44,416
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	48,858	51,073	46,283	62,962	72,412	49,161
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	81.1	84.7	76.2	83.8	87.1	78.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	64.8	67.7	61.3	64.4	67.9	58.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	18.9	15.4	23.8	16.2	12.9	21.8
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,165	2,080	2,085	26,380	13,170	13,210
Without total income	165	90	70	795	315	475
With total income	3,995	1,990	2,010	25,585	12,850	12,735
Percentage with total income	95.9	95.7	96.4	97.0	97.6	96.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	545	235	310	3,500	1,345	2,155
$10,000 to $19,999	785	305	475	4,770	1,805	2,970
$20,000 to $29,999	705	310	390	3,940	1,595	2,350
$30,000 to $39,999	510	230	280	3,050	1,430	1,615
$40,000 to $49,999	430	230	200	2,500	1,270	1,230
$50,000 to $59,999	325	190	130	1,895	1,115	780
$60,000 to $69,999	255	175	80	1,385	875	515
$70,000 to $79,999	160	115	45	1,060	690	370
$80,000 to $89,999	90	55	30	900	645	260
$90,000 to $99,999	85	55	30	750	580	175
$100,000 and over	120	85	30	1,825	1,510	315
$100,000 to $149,999	95	65	25	1,415	1,170	245
$150,000 and over	25	20	5	410	340	70
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,165	2,080	2,085	26,380	13,165	13,210
Without after-tax income	165	90	75	780	310	470
With after-tax income	3,995	1,990	2,010	25,600	12,855	12,745
Percentage with after-tax income	95.9	95.7	96.4	97.0	97.6	96.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	555	240	320	3,650	1,415	2,235
$10,000 to $19,999	815	320	490	5,070	1,955	3,115
$20,000 to $29,999	810	350	455	4,550	1,865	2,685
$30,000 to $39,999	595	295	300	3,470	1,715	1,755
$40,000 to $49,999	470	270	200	2,700	1,500	1,195
$50,000 to $59,999	340	230	110	1,880	1,180	700
$60,000 to $69,999	170	115	55	1,315	890	425
$70,000 to $79,999	115	75	40	1,175	860	315
$80,000 and over	125	90	35	1,800	1,470	330
$80,000 to $89,999	50	35	15	675	550	120
$90,000 to $99,999	30	20	10	410	320	85
$100,000 and over	45	35	15	720	595	130
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,160	2,080	2,080	26,380	13,170	13,215
Without employment income	1,320	580	740	7,945	3,405	4,545
With employment income	2,840	1,500	1,340	18,435	9,765	8,670
Percentage with employment income	68.3	72.1	64.4	69.9	74.1	65.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	535	285	245	4,530	2,385	2,150
$5,000 to $9,999	240	100	140	1,410	585	835
$10,000 to $19,999	400	170	230	2,310	900	1,410
$20,000 to $29,999	350	160	185	1,765	690	1,070
$30,000 to $39,999	315	145	160	1,565	660	905
$40,000 to $49,999	270	135	135	1,275	565	705
$50,000 to $59,999	220	130	90	1,050	575	475
$60,000 to $69,999	185	130	55	950	605	345
$70,000 to $79,999	105	80	25	720	490	235
$80,000 and over	230	160	70	2,855	2,315	540
$80,000 to $89,999	95	60	35	770	545	225
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	20	655	525	135
$100,000 and over	75	55	20	1,425	1,245	180
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,100	...	...	14,340	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	59,008	...	...	59,721	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,280	...	...	52,936	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	570	...	...	4,585	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,648	...	...	30,103	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,728	...	...	27,627	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,530	...	...	9,750	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,761	...	...	78,159	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,499	...	...	68,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,100	...	...	14,335	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	70,679	...	...	74,878	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	61,234	...	...	63,354	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	600	...	...	4,595	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,457	...	...	39,256	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,102	...	...	33,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,505	...	...	9,750	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	85,103	...	...	91,664	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,631	...	...	77,423	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,105	...	...	14,340	...	...
Under $5,000	35	...	...	245	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	185	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	520	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	710	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	125	...	...	815	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	625	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	110	...	...	725	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	130	...	...	725	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	125	...	...	695	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	85	...	...	725	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	190	...	...	1,230	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	165	...	...	1,020	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	170	...	...	900	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	130	...	...	785	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	130	...	...	715	...	...
$100,000 and over	435	...	...	3,705	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	190	...	...	1,370	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	105	...	...	905	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	100	...	...	920	...	...
$200,000 and over	45	...	...	510	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,105	...	...	14,340	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	260	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	30	...	...	195	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	65	...	...	540	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	85	...	...	725	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	150	...	...	915	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	100	...	...	770	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	120	...	...	875	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	160	...	...	835	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	120	...	...	860	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	120	...	...	760	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	225	...	...	1,360	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	195	...	...	1,120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...	1,050	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	140	...	...	840	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	100	...	...	665	...	...
$100,000 and over	290	...	...	2,565	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	145	...	...	1,235	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	85	...	...	670	...	...
$150,000 and over	60	...	...	655	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,505	...	...	9,420	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,512	...	...	78,035	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,353	...	...	68,333	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	715	...	...	5,100	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,576	...	...	69,666	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	57,920	...	...	61,913	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	550	...	...	2,920	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,184	...	...	113,664	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,489	...	...	96,219	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	195	...	...	1,205	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,256	...	...	46,037	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,184	...	...	42,439	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,490	...	...	9,445	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,781	...	...	91,045	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	73,277	...	...	76,838	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	715	...	...	5,105	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	78,963	...	...	83,575	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,665	...	...	70,569	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	535	...	...	2,900	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,025	...	...	120,119	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,518	...	...	100,298	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	205	...	...	1,230	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,636	...	...	53,990	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,707	...	...	47,478	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	645	335	310	5,570	2,840	2,730
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,507	28,181	26,624	28,727	32,742	26,955
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,664	25,920	25,344	26,688	29,312	25,187
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	665	340	325	5,530	2,870	2,660
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,674	33,607	33,743	38,653	42,506	34,494
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	29,563	29,214	29,928	33,035	35,338	30,549
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,915	2,435	2,480	30,675	15,360	15,315
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,925	1,430	1,495	16,520	7,980	8,545
In the bottom decile	455	235	220	3,365	1,635	1,730
In the second decile	615	300	320	3,495	1,625	1,875
In the third decile	635	295	340	3,305	1,520	1,785
In the fourth decile	620	305	315	3,145	1,560	1,585
In the fifth decile	600	295	310	3,215	1,640	1,580
In the top half of the distribution	1,985	1,005	980	14,150	7,380	6,765
In the sixth decile	555	280	275	2,995	1,535	1,460
In the seventh decile	450	220	235	3,120	1,605	1,510
In the eighth decile	465	240	215	2,875	1,500	1,375
In the ninth decile	320	160	160	2,905	1,530	1,380
In the top decile	195	100	95	2,250	1,205	1,040
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,920	2,440	2,475	30,675	15,360	15,310
0 to 17 years	950	470	480	5,255	2,695	2,555
0 to 5 years	285	140	145	1,560	810	755
18 to 64 years	2,940	1,470	1,470	17,985	8,955	9,035
65 years and over	1,030	500	530	7,430	3,710	3,720
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	805	410	395	5,005	2,365	2,635
0 to 17 years	195	105	90	980	485	495
0 to 5 years	60	25	35	285	145	140
18 to 64 years	460	245	215	2,855	1,340	1,515
65 years and over	150	60	90	1,170	540	625
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.4	16.8	16.0	16.3	15.4	17.2
0 to 17 years (%)	20.5	22.3	18.8	18.6	18.0	19.4
0 to 5 years (%)	21.1	17.9	24.1	18.3	17.9	18.5
18 to 64 years (%)	15.6	16.7	14.6	15.9	15.0	16.8
65 years and over (%)	14.6	12.0	17.0	15.7	14.6	16.8
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	230	120	110	2,020	1,005	1,010
0 to 17 years	50	30	25	365	145	215
0 to 5 years	25	10	20	110	50	65
18 to 64 years	170	85	80	1,505	770	735
65 years and over	10	10	5	150	90	65
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.7	4.9	4.4	6.6	6.5	6.6
0 to 17 years (%)	5.3	6.4	5.2	6.9	5.4	8.4
0 to 5 years (%)	8.8	7.1	13.8	7.1	6.2	8.6
18 to 64 years (%)	5.8	5.8	5.4	8.4	8.6	8.1
65 years and over (%)	1.0	2.0	0.9	2.0	2.4	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,920	2,440	2,480	30,675	15,360	15,310
Official languages	4,885	2,430	2,450	30,640	15,340	15,300
English	4,885	2,430	2,455	30,635	15,340	15,295
French	180	35	140	1,280	555	730
Non-official languages	530	250	285	3,345	1,450	1,890
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	10	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	530	250	280	3,335	1,450	1,885
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Arabic	0	0	0	15	0	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	125	20	110
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	40	0	45
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	95	20	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	445	225	225	2,810	1,295	1,515
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	75	35	40	815	350	465
Baltic languages	10	10	10	10	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	65	30	30	810	350	460
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Czech	0	0	0	20	15	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	20	15	0	40	20	25
Russian	0	10	0	655	270	390
Serbian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Slovak	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	10	0	0	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	70	30	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	170	85	85	900	425	475
Afrikaans	0	0	0	55	25	30
Danish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Dutch	85	45	40	160	80	75
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	40	40	675	315	360
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	85	60	30
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Bengali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	45	30	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	10	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	200	95	100	1,085	495	585
Catalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	585	265	320
Portuguese	155	70	80	90	40	50
Romanian	20	0	15	10	0	0
Spanish	20	10	10	415	200	210
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	50	20	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	30	10	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	0	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	15	0	10
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	10	60	15	45
American Sign Language	15	0	10	50	10	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	125	45	80
Chinese languages	0	0	0	100	30	80
Cantonese	0	0	0	70	20	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	45	0	35
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	20	10
Burmese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	70	25	45	85	35	55
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	35	10	30
Hungarian	70	25	45	50	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,915	2,440	2,480	30,675	15,360	15,315
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	4,850	2,410	2,440	29,820	14,945	14,875
Canadian citizens aged under 18	960	475	480	5,185	2,665	2,520
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,895	1,930	1,960	24,630	12,280	12,355
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	65	30	40	855	415	435
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,920	2,435	2,475	30,670	15,360	15,315
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,385	2,185	2,205	27,405	13,775	13,625
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	530	255	275	3,110	1,470	1,640
Before 1981	395	185	205	1,885	910	975
1981 to 1990	50	25	25	275	130	145
1991 to 2000	30	25	10	330	155	170
2001 to 2010	50	20	30	385	165	220
2001 to 2005	20	10	10	175	80	100
2006 to 2010	30	10	25	210	90	120
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	10	0	235	110	125
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	155	110	50
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	535	255	275	3,110	1,470	1,640
Under 5 years	70	40	25	525	260	265
5 to 14 years	145	75	70	590	305	295
15 to 24 years	150	70	80	735	320	415
25 to 44 years	155	70	85	1,090	530	565
45 years and over	20	0	15	165	65	105
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	530	255	275	3,115	1,470	1,640
Americas	75	30	45	635	255	380
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	0	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	10	20	0	15
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	35	15	25	555	220	340
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	0	35	20	10
Europe	450	220	235	1,810	925	885
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatia	15	10	0	0	0	10
France	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germany	0	0	0	265	120	145
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	40	20	15	30	15	20
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Italy	0	10	0	315	150	170
Netherlands	75	40	30	160	105	60
Poland	10	0	10	45	30	15
Portugal	130	55	75	40	25	15
Romania	10	10	10	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	10	10	15	15	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	105	30	70	665	345	325
Other places of birth in Europe	45	30	20	210	110	100
Africa	0	0	0	140	75	65
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	95	50	45
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	45	25	20
Asia	0	10	0	365	125	240
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	70	15	55
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	15	10	10
India	0	0	0	60	35	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	30	20	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	0	0	110	15	95
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	50	15	40
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	160	85	70
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	240	115	120
Americas	0	0	0	35	15	20
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	35	15	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	45	25	15
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	0
Africa	0	0	0	55	25	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	10	20
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	80	30	50
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	10	0
India	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	20	0	20
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	25	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Australia	0	0	0	20	15	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,915	2,440	2,475	30,675	15,360	15,315
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	540	255	280	3,445	1,670	1,780
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	875	400	470	5,915	2,885	3,040
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,500	1,780	1,720	21,305	10,810	10,495
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	150	75	70	1,265	580	685
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	60	40	25	620	320	295
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	30	25	0	255	165	90
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	30	15	20	360	155	205
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	75	25	45	545	205	345
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	15	10	10	80	50	35
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,915	2,440	2,480	30,675	15,360	15,315
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	170	55	110	1,995	995	995
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	165	60	105	1,865	940	925
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	80	15	60	680	355	330
Métis	85	40	40	1,160	570	590
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	110	55	55
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	10	20	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,750	2,380	2,370	28,680	14,365	14,320
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,915	2,435	2,480	30,670	15,360	15,315
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	45	15	30	345	205	145
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	4,870	2,425	2,445	30,325	15,160	15,170
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,915	2,435	2,475	30,675	15,360	15,315
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	0	10	250	100	145
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	10	0	10	200	85	120
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	105	35	65
Métis single ancestry	15	0	0	100	45	55
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	45	15	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	45	20	30
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	255	105	150	2,145	1,045	1,105
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	255	110	145	2,040	1,015	1,025
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	80	100	1,145	570	575
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	75	30	45	855	425	435
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	35	20	15
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	105	30	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	100	25	75
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,650	2,325	2,320	28,275	14,215	14,065
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,915	2,440	2,480	30,670	15,360	15,315
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	110	40	70	1,065	440	625
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	10	0	110	55	55
Chinese	0	0	0	190	80	115
Black	60	15	45	170	120	55
Filipino	0	0	0	190	25	160
Latin American	10	10	0	55	20	35
Arab	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	85	15	65
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	20	15
Japanese	10	10	0	145	50	95
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	20	10	15	30	20	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	45	20	15
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,805	2,395	2,410	29,610	14,920	14,685
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,915	2,435	2,480	30,675	15,355	15,315
North American Aboriginal origins	265	110	155	2,395	1,140	1,250
First Nations (North American Indian)	180	80	100	1,400	655	745
Inuit	0	0	0	40	25	15
Métis	85	35	55	1,110	515	590
Other North American origins	1,605	735	870	8,355	4,255	4,095
Acadian	0	10	0	45	30	20
American	55	10	40	745	380	365
Canadian	1,580	730	850	7,750	3,955	3,795
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,985	2,010	1,975	26,635	13,285	13,345
British Isles origins	2,775	1,390	1,380	18,255	9,225	9,035
Channel Islander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,755	915	835	11,150	5,560	5,595
Irish	990	495	500	6,085	2,995	3,085
Manx	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish	1,375	670	705	8,015	3,940	4,070
Welsh	70	35	40	1,035	475	560
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	55	45	15	800	390	405
French origins	605	285	325	3,830	1,785	2,040
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	605	280	320	3,825	1,785	2,045
Western European origins (except French origins)	1,255	670	585	7,615	3,625	3,990
Austrian	0	0	0	395	165	230
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	105	65	35	205	95	115
Dutch	440	230	215	1,875	980	895
Flemish	10	10	0	15	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	780	410	375	5,480	2,535	2,955
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0	265	125	135
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	75	30	45	3,605	1,675	1,935
Danish	0	10	0	450	230	220
Finnish	10	0	0	240	110	130
Icelandic	0	0	0	350	165	185
Norwegian	40	20	20	1,485	720	765
Swedish	10	0	0	1,270	550	720
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	10	15	150	60	95
Eastern European origins	645	355	285	6,035	2,935	3,100
Bulgarian	20	10	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	170	95	75
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	10	10	0	105	50	55
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	220	135	90	485	225	260
Latvian	10	0	0	45	30	10
Lithuanian	25	0	15	25	15	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Polish	110	55	50	1,150	570	580
Romanian	150	80	75	205	115	95
Russian	60	30	35	2,395	1,140	1,255
Slovak	10	10	0	75	45	30
Ukrainian	90	45	40	2,155	1,065	1,095
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Southern European origins	475	240	240	4,070	2,025	2,045
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	0	0	95	45	50
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	50	15	35
Italian	100	60	45	3,415	1,715	1,705
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	10	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	195	95	105	175	90	90
Serbian	50	25	25	30	10	20
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Slovenian	10	10	0	50	20	30
Spanish	30	0	25	170	75	95
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	80	50	30	95	55	45
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	35	25	0	300	145	155
Basque	0	0	0	0	10	0
Jewish	15	15	0	115	50	65
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	50	25	25
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	15	10	135	60	65
Caribbean origins	65	20	45	120	65	60
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Barbadian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	55	10	45	75	35	40
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	15	10	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	35	0	25	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	25	25	0	100	50	45
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Chilean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	30	10	25
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	20	10	15	170	100	70
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	25	15	10
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	20	10	15	120	70	45
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	0	15	115	75	35
Asian origins	35	25	10	930	360	575
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	70	45	20
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	35	25	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	15	15	0	125	60	60
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	15	15	0	105	55	55
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	10	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	15	10	0	740	250	490
Burmese	0	0	0	25	15	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	205	80	125
Filipino	10	0	0	240	60	185
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Japanese	10	0	0	165	55	110
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	40	20	20
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	35	10	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	30	0	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	205	120	90
Australian	0	0	0	130	85	45
New Zealander	0	0	0	65	30	35
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	35	15	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,100	...	...	14,340	...	...
Owner	1,730	...	...	11,510	...	...
Renter	370	...	...	2,825	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,100	...	...	14,340	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	500	...	...
Not condominium	2,090	...	...	13,840	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,105	...	...	14,340	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	40	...	...
1 bedroom	135	...	...	1,120	...	...
2 bedrooms	425	...	...	3,795	...	...
3 bedrooms	890	...	...	5,610	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	650	...	...	3,775	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,100	...	...	14,340	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	225	...	...	2,510	...	...
5 rooms	285	...	...	2,290	...	...
6 rooms	365	...	...	2,310	...	...
7 rooms	300	...	...	2,075	...	...
8 or more rooms	925	...	...	5,145	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,100	...	...	14,335	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,090	...	...	14,285	...	...
More than 1 person per room	15	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,100	...	...	14,340	...	...
Suitable	2,035	...	...	14,020	...	...
Not suitable	65	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,105	...	...	14,340	...	...
1960 or before	1,050	...	...	5,730	...	...
1961 to 1980	430	...	...	4,160	...	...
1981 to 1990	235	...	...	1,295	...	...
1991 to 2000	225	...	...	1,620	...	...
2001 to 2005	85	...	...	465	...	...
2006 to 2010	60	...	...	700	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	20	...	...	380	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,100	...	...	14,335	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,875	...	...	12,945	...	...
Major repairs needed	225	...	...	1,400	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,100	...	...	14,340	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,295	...	...	9,060	...	...
2 household maintainers	800	...	...	5,075	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	10	...	...	205	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,105	...	...	14,340	...	...
15 to 24 years	60	...	...	295	...	...
25 to 34 years	220	...	...	1,315	...	...
35 to 44 years	280	...	...	1,855	...	...
45 to 54 years	375	...	...	2,360	...	...
55 to 64 years	485	...	...	3,525	...	...
65 to 74 years	365	...	...	3,005	...	...
75 to 84 years	245	...	...	1,470	...	...
85 years and over	80	...	...	520	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,910	...	...	14,055	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,535	...	...	11,425	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	380	...	...	2,625	...	...
30% to less than 100%	325	...	...	2,270	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,550	...	...	11,255	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	57.1	...	...	50.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	15.9	...	...	13.3	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	900	...	...	646	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	984	...	...	861	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	179,485	...	...	250,575	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	213,148	...	...	284,973	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	365	...	...	2,815	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	21.6	...	...	9.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.0	...	...	40.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	649	...	...	750	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	619	...	...	801	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,155	2,075	2,080	26,380	13,190	13,195
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,140	650	490	4,705	2,405	2,300
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,155	540	615	7,455	3,435	4,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,855	885	975	14,220	7,350	6,875
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	370	300	70	3,910	3,175	735
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	175	130	45	1,215	760	460
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	195	170	25	2,690	2,415	280
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,060	450	610	6,000	2,285	3,720
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	70	10	60	825	235	595
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	355	125	235	3,480	1,655	1,825
Bachelor's degree	285	95	190	2,215	1,015	1,205
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	0	10	235	85	145
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	10	205	95	110
Master's degree	40	10	30	720	380	340
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	110	85	25
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,565	1,275	1,290	16,165	7,965	8,200
No certificate, diploma or degree	455	290	160	1,720	905	815
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	745	350	395	4,480	2,110	2,370
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,365	635	730	9,965	4,955	5,010
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	260	210	50	2,515	2,020	495
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	130	100	30	800	490	305
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	120	105	15	1,715	1,530	190
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	810	340	470	4,360	1,660	2,695
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	45	10	40	510	160	345
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	250	70	170	2,580	1,110	1,470
Bachelor's degree	185	55	135	1,670	705	965
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	15	10	10	170	55	115
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	10	165	70	100
Master's degree	35	0	30	500	235	265
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	75	50	25
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,155	2,075	2,080	26,380	13,185	13,195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,300	1,190	1,110	12,160	5,840	6,320
Education	100	10	95	1,080	325	755
13. Education	105	0	95	1,080	325	755
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	15	0	10	365	170	185
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	110	65	40
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	15	255	105	150
Humanities	70	20	50	385	180	195
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	15	0	15	90	30	60
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	10	10	50	20	35
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	110	65	45
54. History	20	10	15	65	35	30
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	10	15	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	100	20	80	795	215	575
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	15	10	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	60	10	55
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	45	240	15	220
22. Legal professions and studies	15	10	10	115	20	90
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	0	0	15	0	10
42. Psychology	0	0	0	150	55	95
45. Social sciences	20	10	15	205	115	90
Business, management and public administration	245	75	170	2,425	675	1,750
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	15	215	30	185
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	230	75	155	2,205	645	1,560
Physical and life sciences and technologies	35	20	15	355	205	150
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	125	55	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	10	50	25	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	10	0	125	90	40
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	50	35	15
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	30	10	250	140	110
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	30	20	15	220	130	85
25. Library science	0	0	0	30	10	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	525	500	25	4,395	4,150	240
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	0	50	30	20
14. Engineering	20	25	0	445	380	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	120	110	0	640	575	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	10
46. Construction trades	110	100	0	1,270	1,250	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	195	195	0	1,390	1,335	50
48. Precision production	50	50	0	595	580	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	150	90	65	495	280	210
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	120	80	45	165	55	110
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	10	20	325	225	100
Health and related fields	410	50	365	2,665	460	2,210
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	150	55	95
51. Health professions and related programs	395	40	360	2,435	360	2,080
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	80	40	40
Personal, protective and transportation services	165	80	85	1,025	535	480
12. Personal and culinary services	85	10	70	655	190	465
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	120	110	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	30	30	0	240	235	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,565	1,280	1,290	16,165	7,970	8,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,200	645	560	6,205	3,015	3,190
Education	65	0	60	635	150	485
13. Education	65	10	60	640	150	485
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	20	10	15	235	100	135
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	70	40	30
50. Visual and performing arts	15	0	15	170	60	105
Humanities	30	10	15	265	125	135
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	25	10	15
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	20	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	35	10	25
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	15	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	10	0	70	50	20
54. History	15	0	10	45	25	20
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	10	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	65	10	60	640	145	495
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	0	0	50	0	50
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	45	0	40	215	20	195
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	10	95	15	85
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	0	10
42. Psychology	10	0	0	115	50	65
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	150	65	80
Business, management and public administration	185	50	135	1,685	455	1,235
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	15	0	10	170	20	155
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	170	50	125	1,515	435	1,080
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	10	20	270	150	120
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	100	40	60
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	10	0	45	25	25
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	80	50	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	45	35	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	30	20	10	190	110	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	15	15	170	105	65
25. Library science	0	0	0	20	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	10	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	380	365	10	2,910	2,700	215
04. Architecture and related services	10	15	0	40	20	15
14. Engineering	15	15	0	320	255	65
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	90	90	10	420	360	60
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	80	80	10	795	785	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	135	130	0	955	915	45
48. Precision production	50	50	0	385	365	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	120	70	45	360	210	145
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	100	60	40	95	35	60
03. Natural resources and conservation	15	10	10	265	175	85
Health and related fields	335	30	300	1,955	360	1,595
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	0	130	40	90
51. Health professions and related programs	325	25	295	1,755	285	1,470
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	70	35	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	120	65	55	820	450	370
12. Personal and culinary services	55	15	45	515	165	355
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	35	30	15	85	75	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	25	25	0	205	200	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,155	2,075	2,080	26,380	13,185	13,195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,295	1,190	1,110	12,165	5,840	6,325
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,855	880	970	14,220	7,350	6,870
Location of study inside Canada	1,800	865	935	12,725	6,555	6,170
Same as province or territory of residence	1,735	845	890	9,605	4,865	4,735
Different than province or territory of residence	60	20	40	3,125	1,685	1,440
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	60	20	40	1,490	795	700
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	585	355	230
Philippines	0	0	0	55	10	50
India	0	0	0	30	15	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	0	0	215	85	125
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other	35	15	20	595	330	265
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,565	1,275	1,290	16,170	7,970	8,200
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,200	640	560	6,200	3,015	3,190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,365	635	730	9,965	4,955	5,010
Location of study inside Canada	1,330	625	710	9,060	4,510	4,545
Same as province or territory of residence	1,295	615	680	6,815	3,350	3,465
Different than province or territory of residence	40	15	30	2,245	1,165	1,080
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	35	10	20	905	445	465
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	10	0	10	340	185	150
Philippines	0	0	0	45	10	40
India	0	0	0	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	10	10	0	95	35	60
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	15	0	10	395	205	195
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,155	2,075	2,080	26,380	13,185	13,195
In the labour force	2,530	1,325	1,200	14,615	7,725	6,890
Employed	2,350	1,225	1,125	13,470	7,050	6,420
Unemployed	175	100	75	1,150	675	475
Not in the labour force	1,625	745	880	11,770	5,460	6,305
Participation rate	60.9	63.9	57.7	55.4	58.6	52.2
Employment rate	56.6	59.0	54.1	51.1	53.5	48.7
Unemployment rate	6.9	7.5	6.2	7.9	8.7	6.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,155	2,075	2,080	26,385	13,190	13,190
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,500	710	790	10,270	4,725	5,550
Worked	2,655	1,365	1,290	16,110	8,465	7,645
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,485	800	685	6,750	3,980	2,765
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,170	565	605	9,360	4,480	4,875
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.6	44.1	43.1	40.0	40.3	39.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,530	1,330	1,205	14,615	7,725	6,890
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	20	225	90	130
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,485	1,305	1,180	14,395	7,635	6,760
Employee	2,040	1,025	1,015	12,225	6,415	5,810
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	440	275	165	2,165	1,220	945
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,525	1,325	1,200	14,615	7,725	6,885
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	20	225	90	135
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,480	1,305	1,180	14,395	7,635	6,755
0 Management occupations	340	220	120	1,510	850	660
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	285	45	245	1,795	360	1,430
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	95	75	20	770	600	170
3 Health occupations	195	20	175	1,205	240	965
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	165	30	135	1,320	345	975
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	40	15	25	375	160	215
6 Sales and service occupations	450	160	295	3,165	1,175	1,995
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	595	540	50	2,720	2,590	125
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	125	95	35	615	460	150
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	190	110	85	920	855	65
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,530	1,330	1,200	14,615	7,725	6,890
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	25	25	225	90	135
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,485	1,305	1,180	14,390	7,640	6,755
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	255	165	90	805	530	270
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	0	0	210	200	15
22 Utilities	25	0	20	230	140	85
23 Construction	295	275	15	1,320	1,145	175
31-33 Manufacturing	305	195	115	1,910	1,640	275
41 Wholesale trade	90	55	35	250	205	45
44-45 Retail trade	180	75	100	1,805	760	1,050
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	180	140	45	405	270	130
51 Information and cultural industries	35	25	15	170	85	85
52 Finance and insurance	65	25	40	415	105	315
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	15	10	10	200	100	105
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	55	30	25	675	335	340
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	25	10	20
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	150	70	80	575	310	265
61 Educational services	100	15	90	920	235	690
62 Health care and social assistance	270	25	250	1,955	335	1,620
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	30	20	10	340	150	190
72 Accommodation and food services	165	35	135	925	390	540
81 Other services (except public administration)	125	65	55	665	295	365
91 Public administration	120	55	60	595	400	195
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,350	1,230	1,125	13,470	7,050	6,415
Worked at home	235	135	100	1,310	615	700
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	40	25	20
No fixed workplace address	460	365	95	1,665	1,235	435
Worked at usual place	1,655	725	935	10,450	5,185	5,265
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,655	725	930	10,450	5,180	5,265
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	555	255	295	4,265	2,025	2,240
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	285	110	175	4,805	2,430	2,380
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	820	360	455	1,235	625	610
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	140	105	40
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,115	1,085	1,025	12,120	6,420	5,700
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,840	980	860	10,055	5,365	4,690
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	155	60	100	550	245	310
Public transit	10	0	10	160	90	70
Walked	90	30	55	990	485	510
Bicycle	0	0	0	180	125	55
Other method	25	20	0	190	115	75
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,115	1,090	1,030	12,120	6,420	5,700
Less than 15 minutes	625	300	320	6,315	3,090	3,225
15 to 29 minutes	400	145	255	4,005	2,225	1,785
30 to 44 minutes	425	210	210	970	545	420
45 to 59 minutes	385	205	180	315	200	115
60 minutes and over	290	225	65	520	360	160
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,115	1,090	1,030	12,120	6,420	5,705
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	225	150	75	1,155	890	270
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	525	320	205	2,615	1,795	820
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	460	230	230	2,990	1,395	1,600
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	365	120	250	2,230	735	1,495
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	135	45	95	1,175	410	770
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	400	230	175	1,950	1,200	750
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,765	1,430	1,330	16,715	8,835	7,880
Single responses	2,755	1,430	1,325	16,670	8,820	7,850
Official languages	2,755	1,430	1,325	16,645	8,800	7,845
English	2,740	1,425	1,315	16,620	8,800	7,820
French	15	0	10	25	0	30
Non-official languages	0	0	0	20	20	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	50	20	25
English and French	0	10	0	10	10	10
English and non-official language	10	0	0	40	15	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,765	1,430	1,330	16,715	8,835	7,875
None	2,695	1,400	1,295	16,370	8,670	7,700
English	15	0	15	30	15	15
French	20	0	20	160	75	85
Non-official language	35	35	10	145	70	75
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	35	30	10	145	70	70
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	4,860	2,405	2,450	30,440	15,240	15,205
Non-movers	4,375	2,195	2,185	26,280	13,135	13,140
Movers	485	215	270	4,160	2,100	2,060
Non-migrants	110	50	65	1,905	970	930
Migrants	375	165	205	2,255	1,130	1,125
Internal migrants	375	165	210	2,180	1,090	1,090
Intraprovincial migrants	355	145	205	1,510	735	780
Interprovincial migrants	20	15	0	670	360	315
External migrants	0	0	0	80	45	35
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,685	2,335	2,355	29,405	14,685	14,720
Non-movers	3,365	1,690	1,675	19,610	9,645	9,965
Movers	1,320	645	675	9,795	5,040	4,760
Non-migrants	355	185	175	3,980	2,100	1,885
Migrants	965	460	505	5,815	2,940	2,875
Internal migrants	955	455	500	5,420	2,745	2,675
Intraprovincial migrants	875	410	465	3,990	2,020	1,970
Interprovincial migrants	80	50	35	1,425	720	710
External migrants	0	0	10	395	200	195

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. West Elgin, MU [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kootenay Boundary, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Elgin, Municipality [Census subdivision], Ontario and Kootenay Boundary, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia