Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kerns, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Kerns, TP Ontario [Census subdivision]			Provencher Manitoba [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Kerns, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Map : Kerns, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	358	...	...	99,946	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	359	...	...	88,640	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.3	...	...	12.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	133	...	...	39,808	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	129	...	...	34,632	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	3.9	...	...	5.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	90.64	...	...	18,100.37	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	360	175	180	99,945	50,435	49,515
0 to 14 years	85	40	40	23,190	11,830	11,360
0 to 4 years	20	15	5	7,775	3,920	3,855
5 to 9 years	35	15	20	8,000	4,135	3,870
10 to 14 years	25	10	15	7,420	3,780	3,635
15 to 64 years	220	115	110	64,170	32,375	31,790
15 to 19 years	25	15	5	7,190	3,675	3,520
20 to 24 years	25	15	10	6,425	3,280	3,140
25 to 29 years	15	10	5	6,025	3,040	2,985
30 to 34 years	10	5	5	6,425	3,150	3,270
35 to 39 years	20	10	10	6,470	3,205	3,260
40 to 44 years	25	15	15	6,335	3,240	3,100
45 to 49 years	15	5	10	6,165	3,090	3,075
50 to 54 years	20	10	10	7,045	3,585	3,465
55 to 59 years	30	15	15	6,520	3,285	3,240
60 to 64 years	25	15	15	5,570	2,830	2,745
65 years and over	50	25	30	12,580	6,225	6,355
65 to 69 years	20	5	10	4,465	2,280	2,185
70 to 74 years	15	5	5	3,220	1,675	1,545
75 to 79 years	5	5	0	2,100	1,085	1,010
80 to 84 years	10	5	0	1,410	640	770
85 years and over	5	0	5	1,390	545	840
85 to 89 years	5	0	5	845	360	485
90 to 94 years	5	0	5	400	145	255
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	130	40	85
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.6	22.9	22.2	23.2	23.5	22.9
15 to 64 years	61.1	65.7	61.1	64.2	64.2	64.2
65 years and over	13.9	14.3	16.7	12.6	12.3	12.8
85 years and over	1.4	0.0	2.8	1.4	1.1	1.7
Average age of the population	38.4	38.3	38.6	36.5	36.3	36.8
Median age of the population	39.8	39.5	40.0	35.5	35.3	35.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	130	...	...	34,630	...	...
Single-detached house	130	...	...	28,130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	260	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	0	...	...	5,160	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	1,260	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	870	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	435	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	2,545	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	45	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,090	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	125	...	...	34,635	...	...
1 person	25	...	...	6,480	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	12,435	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	5,195	...	...
4 persons	20	...	...	5,695	...	...
5 or more persons	20	...	...	4,825	...	...
Number of persons in private households	360	...	...	97,880	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	275	140	135	76,755	38,600	38,155
Married or living common law	190	95	95	51,570	25,815	25,755
Married	160	80	80	45,830	22,950	22,880
Living common law	25	15	10	5,735	2,860	2,870
Not married and not living common law	85	50	40	25,190	12,790	12,395
Never married	60	40	25	17,980	10,055	7,925
Separated	0	0	0	1,495	715	780
Divorced	10	5	5	2,655	1,310	1,345
Widowed	20	5	15	3,055	710	2,345
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	100	...	...	27,880	...	...
2 persons	50	...	...	12,995	...	...
3 persons	20	...	...	5,170	...	...
4 persons	15	...	...	5,540	...	...
5 or more persons	15	...	...	4,180	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	100	...	...	27,875	...	...
Total couple families	95	...	...	25,280	...	...
Married couples	80	...	...	22,410	...	...
Common-law couples	15	...	...	2,870	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5	...	...	2,600	...	...
Female parent	10	...	...	1,890	...	...
Male parent	0	...	...	710	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	25,280	...	...
Couples without children	45	...	...	11,555	...	...
Couples with children	50	...	...	13,725	...	...
1 child	20	...	...	4,395	...	...
2 children	15	...	...	5,255	...	...
3 or more children	15	...	...	4,080	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5	...	...	2,600	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	1,435	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	780	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	385	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	45	25	20	10,285	5,450	4,835
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	130	...	...	34,635	...	...
One-census-family households	95	...	...	26,935	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	45	...	...	11,165	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	55	...	...	15,770	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	465	...	...
Non-census-family households	30	...	...	7,230	...	...
One-person households	25	...	...	6,485	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	755	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	355	175	180	99,280	50,180	49,095
English only	305	155	150	82,585	42,175	40,410
French only	5	5	0	290	140	150
English and French	55	25	25	15,245	7,350	7,895
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,160	515	640
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	360	175	180	99,280	50,180	49,100
English	320	160	165	89,225	45,135	44,090
French	35	15	20	8,730	4,440	4,285
English and French	0	0	0	190	95	90
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	1,140	505	630
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	35	20	20	8,825	4,490	4,335
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	9.7	11.4	11.1	8.9	8.9	8.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	360	180	180	99,280	50,180	49,100
Single responses	355	175	180	97,450	49,285	48,170
Official languages	345	170	175	76,275	38,675	37,600
English	310	155	155	67,300	34,100	33,200
French	40	15	15	8,975	4,575	4,400
Non-official languages	10	10	5	21,180	10,610	10,575
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	120	45	75
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	110	40	70
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	5	5
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	5	15
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	80	30	50
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	75	30	45
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10	5	0	21,065	10,565	10,500
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	55	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	70	50	25
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arabic	0	0	0	50	30	20
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	50	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,020	495	525
Bikol	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	50	20	35
Fijian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	915	450	465
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	5	5	19,465	9,775	9,690
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,580	1,310	1,270
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,575	1,310	1,265
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Czech	0	0	0	40	25	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	235	115	115
Russian	0	0	0	1,350	695	655
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	35	15	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	855	420	435
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	10	5	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	0	16,150	8,085	8,065
Afrikaans	0	0	0	30	15	15
Danish	0	0	0	25	15	5
Dutch	0	0	0	415	230	185
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	15	10	5	15,625	7,790	7,835
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Greek	0	0	0	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	190	115	75
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	170	105	70
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	20	15
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	90	55	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	15	15	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	510	245	265
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	70	45	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	140	75	65
Romanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Spanish	0	0	0	280	115	155
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	30	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	70	40	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	15	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	5	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	15	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	100	40	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Cantonese	0	0	0	25	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	40	15	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Lao	0	0	0	30	15	15
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	80	35	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,825	895	930
English and French	0	0	0	645	315	330
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,140	560	580
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	20	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	360	180	180	99,280	50,180	49,100
Single responses	360	180	180	95,685	48,430	47,255
Official languages	355	180	180	87,035	44,055	42,980
English	340	170	175	82,280	41,795	40,490
French	15	5	5	4,755	2,265	2,485
Non-official languages	0	0	0	8,650	4,375	4,275
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	8,645	4,370	4,270
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	45	30	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	35	20	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	30	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	5	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	40	30	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	545	275	265
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	510	260	250
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	7,835	3,955	3,885
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	760	385	375
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	760	385	375
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	45	20	25
Russian	0	0	0	580	300	280
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	120	60	60
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	6,785	3,410	3,375
Afrikaans	0	0	0	15	10	10
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	80	40	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	5
German	5	0	0	6,650	3,340	3,310
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	25	20
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	105	65	45
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	100	55	45
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	55	35	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	15	10	5
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	175	90	90
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	30	15	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	0	0	0	140	65	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	35	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	20	10	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	45	20	20
Chinese languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Cantonese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	20	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	10	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	10	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	3,595	1,750	1,845
English and French	5	5	0	480	230	255
English and non-official language	0	0	0	3,090	1,510	1,575
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	355	180	180	99,280	50,180	49,100
None	315	155	160	82,565	41,945	40,625
English	5	0	5	6,490	3,200	3,290
French	20	10	10	3,950	1,920	2,025
Non-official language	15	10	5	6,065	3,015	3,050
Aboriginal	0	0	0	55	25	30
Non-Aboriginal	15	5	10	6,005	2,985	3,020
English and French	0	0	0	5	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	145	70	75
French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	30	30
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	275	140	135	75,075	37,865	37,215
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	265	135	130	71,490	36,175	35,310
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,176	33,280	21,408	35,336	44,379	27,204
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	265	135	135	71,505	36,185	35,325
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,768	29,248	21,056	31,260	38,380	24,755
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	245	125	120	66,540	34,730	31,810
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	24,256	29,376	16,896	33,064	41,984	24,284
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	195	95	100	49,470	21,910	27,565
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,720	3,896	6,192	4,583	2,572	5,360
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	215	115	95	57,250	30,780	26,470
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	23,872	30,144	15,072	34,169	42,701	25,999
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	290	145	145	75,065	37,775	37,290
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	275	130	140	71,470	36,020	35,450
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,999	41,573	34,672	43,423	52,673	34,024
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	280	130	145	71,495	36,030	35,470
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,628	34,696	30,703	35,933	42,736	29,024
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	265	125	135	66,465	34,645	31,820
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,112	36,498	29,981	41,399	50,532	31,456
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	195	85	115	49,485	21,685	27,800
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,165	10,747	7,914	7,110	6,763	7,380
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	245	115	125	57,225	30,695	26,530
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,883	34,781	29,202	41,619	49,566	32,425
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	290	145	145	75,065	37,775	37,290
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	105	70	35	29,020	18,140	10,880
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	52,621	22,467	59,605	50,537	55,374	43,557
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,259	42,258	53,431	58,129	63,524	49,137
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	83.9	88.3	81.7	88.8	92.4	83.1
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	74.5	78.0	68.8	76.4	79.9	70.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	16.3	12.6	20.4	11.2	7.6	16.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	275	140	140	75,075	37,860	37,215
Without total income	10	5	5	3,585	1,685	1,905
With total income	265	135	130	71,490	36,175	35,310
Percentage with total income	96.4	96.4	92.9	95.2	95.5	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	35	10	30	9,280	3,440	5,840
$10,000 to $19,999	65	30	30	11,440	4,030	7,410
$20,000 to $29,999	40	25	15	10,090	4,105	5,985
$30,000 to $39,999	35	20	10	9,265	4,400	4,860
$40,000 to $49,999	25	10	10	8,375	4,660	3,715
$50,000 to $59,999	20	15	10	6,255	3,915	2,340
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	5	4,750	3,185	1,565
$70,000 to $79,999	10	0	10	3,480	2,350	1,130
$80,000 to $89,999	0	5	0	2,805	1,810	995
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	0	1,690	1,160	535
$100,000 and over	5	5	0	4,050	3,120	925
$100,000 to $149,999	5	5	0	3,015	2,305	710
$150,000 and over	0	0	0	1,035	820	220
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	280	140	135	75,075	37,860	37,210
Without after-tax income	10	5	5	3,570	1,680	1,890
With after-tax income	265	135	130	71,510	36,180	35,325
Percentage with after-tax income	94.6	96.4	96.3	95.3	95.6	94.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40	10	30	9,605	3,510	6,090
$10,000 to $19,999	65	35	35	12,405	4,430	7,980
$20,000 to $29,999	45	25	20	12,245	5,160	7,085
$30,000 to $39,999	35	20	15	11,550	5,995	5,555
$40,000 to $49,999	35	20	15	8,955	5,525	3,430
$50,000 to $59,999	15	10	5	6,315	4,210	2,110
$60,000 to $69,999	15	5	10	4,420	2,915	1,505
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	2,520	1,760	760
$80,000 and over	10	5	0	3,495	2,685	810
$80,000 to $89,999	0	5	0	1,380	1,025	360
$90,000 to $99,999	5	5	5	695	545	150
$100,000 and over	5	0	0	1,420	1,115	305
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	275	140	135	75,075	37,865	37,215
Without employment income	60	20	40	17,825	7,085	10,740
With employment income	210	120	95	57,245	30,780	26,470
Percentage with employment income	76.4	85.7	70.4	76.3	81.3	71.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	15	20	7,075	3,170	3,900
$5,000 to $9,999	20	10	15	4,180	1,685	2,490
$10,000 to $19,999	35	20	15	7,400	3,040	4,360
$20,000 to $29,999	25	15	5	7,095	3,035	4,065
$30,000 to $39,999	25	15	10	7,010	3,475	3,540
$40,000 to $49,999	15	10	5	6,065	3,530	2,535
$50,000 to $59,999	10	10	5	4,810	3,110	1,705
$60,000 to $69,999	15	10	10	3,770	2,615	1,155
$70,000 to $79,999	10	5	5	2,840	1,970	865
$80,000 and over	20	15	5	7,005	5,145	1,865
$80,000 to $89,999	5	5	0	2,375	1,555	820
$90,000 to $99,999	5	0	5	1,370	975	395
$100,000 and over	10	5	5	3,265	2,610	650
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	130	...	...	34,630	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,872	...	...	76,217	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,912	...	...	65,720	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	30	...	...	6,480	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,512	...	...	35,098	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	23,360	...	...	31,057	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	100	...	...	28,150	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,544	...	...	86,841	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,352	...	...	74,282	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	135	...	...	34,630	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	79,571	...	...	89,612	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,323	...	...	74,181	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	20	...	...	6,470	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	43,194	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	36,097	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	110	...	...	28,165	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,005	...	...	100,271	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	75,419	...	...	82,926	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	130	...	...	34,630	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	375	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	275	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	935	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	1,195	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	1,040	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	1,380	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	1,295	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	1,410	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	1,385	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5	...	...	2,865	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	2,840	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5	...	...	2,800	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	2,530	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	5	...	...	2,280	...	...
$100,000 and over	35	...	...	11,475	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	20	...	...	4,305	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	2,835	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	5	...	...	2,805	...	...
$200,000 and over	5	...	...	1,530	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	125	...	...	34,630	...	...
Under $5,000	5	...	...	405	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	0	...	...	290	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	5	...	...	585	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	980	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	1,320	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	0	...	...	1,250	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	10	...	...	1,630	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	10	...	...	1,665	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	1,750	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	5	...	...	1,715	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	10	...	...	3,630	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	10	...	...	3,555	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	3,225	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	5	...	...	2,760	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	10	...	...	2,205	...	...
$100,000 and over	25	...	...	7,675	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	15	...	...	3,865	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	5	...	...	1,980	...	...
$150,000 and over	5	...	...	1,830	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	100	...	...	27,715	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,544	...	...	86,413	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,352	...	...	73,941	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	10,915	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,704	...	...	76,015	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,152	...	...	65,333	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	45	...	...	13,765	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,928	...	...	102,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	79,104	...	...	86,828	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5	...	...	2,400	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	51,891	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	47,386	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.0	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	110	...	...	27,720	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	87,430	...	...	99,799	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,844	...	...	82,482	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	50	...	...	10,990	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,853	...	...	87,039	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	60,152	...	...	72,082	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	65	...	...	13,730	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,068	...	...	117,680	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	85,408	...	...	96,573	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	0	...	...	2,400	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	59,876	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	52,328	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	30	20	15	8,080	4,345	3,740
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,552	0	0	33,733	39,440	28,102
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	22,784	0	0	30,053	33,892	25,964
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	25	0	15	8,100	4,205	3,890
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	0	0	0	41,578	46,600	36,150
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	0	0	0	34,869	38,092	31,386
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	355	180	180	97,880	49,495	48,380
In the bottom half of the distribution	225	110	120	54,380	26,970	27,410
In the bottom decile	70	30	35	7,550	3,760	3,790
In the second decile	40	15	20	11,060	5,180	5,885
In the third decile	50	25	25	12,385	6,150	6,240
In the fourth decile	35	20	15	11,825	5,995	5,825
In the fifth decile	35	20	20	11,560	5,885	5,670
In the top half of the distribution	135	70	65	43,500	22,530	20,970
In the sixth decile	25	10	15	10,640	5,480	5,160
In the seventh decile	30	20	10	10,025	5,180	4,845
In the eighth decile	30	15	20	9,535	4,960	4,570
In the ninth decile	30	15	10	8,075	4,210	3,865
In the top decile	15	5	10	5,220	2,695	2,525
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	360	180	180	96,725	48,895	47,835
0 to 17 years	95	45	45	26,690	13,615	13,080
0 to 5 years	30	15	15	9,075	4,630	4,440
18 to 64 years	210	105	100	58,365	29,415	28,950
65 years and over	55	25	30	11,670	5,860	5,810
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	85	35	45	12,455	5,955	6,495
0 to 17 years	40	20	20	4,685	2,385	2,295
0 to 5 years	15	5	5	1,850	925	925
18 to 64 years	35	15	20	5,995	2,860	3,140
65 years and over	10	5	5	1,775	715	1,060
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	23.6	19.4	25.0	12.9	12.2	13.6
0 to 17 years (%)	42.1	44.4	44.4	17.6	17.5	17.5
0 to 5 years (%)	50.0	33.3	33.3	20.4	20.0	20.8
18 to 64 years (%)	16.7	14.3	20.0	10.3	9.7	10.8
65 years and over (%)	18.2	20.0	16.7	15.2	12.2	18.2
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	35	15	15	3,710	1,865	1,845
0 to 17 years	15	10	10	1,200	615	580
0 to 5 years	10	0	5	405	205	200
18 to 64 years	20	10	10	2,325	1,160	1,170
65 years and over	0	0	0	180	85	95
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	9.7	8.3	8.3	3.8	3.8	3.9
0 to 17 years (%)	15.8	22.2	22.2	4.5	4.5	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	33.3	0.0	33.3	4.5	4.4	4.5
18 to 64 years (%)	9.5	9.5	10.0	4.0	3.9	4.0
65 years and over (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.5	1.5	1.6
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	365	175	190	97,880	49,485	48,395
Official languages	365	175	190	96,780	49,015	47,765
English	365	175	190	96,530	48,885	47,645
French	80	50	35	15,450	7,445	8,005
Non-official languages	10	0	10	23,085	11,515	11,570
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	215	85	130
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	190	75	115
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	55	20	40
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	15	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	135	60	75
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	130	60	70
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	10	10	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	15	10	10
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15	0	10	22,870	11,430	11,440
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	140	70	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	20	10	15
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	105	60	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	80	40	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	105	65	40
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	105	70	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,305	635	675
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	25	10
Fijian	0	0	0	35	30	10
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,235	585	650
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	25	0	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	20	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	15	10	10	20,730	10,430	10,305
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,340	1,730	1,615
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	3,340	1,730	1,615
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Czech	0	0	0	30	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	215	105	105
Russian	0	0	0	2,145	1,120	1,025
Serbian	0	0	0	15	15	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	55	20	35
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	995	515	480
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	25	15	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	17,540	8,870	8,670
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	35	20
Danish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	535	285	250
Frisian	0	0	0	45	35	15
German	15	0	10	16,845	8,490	8,350
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	310	175	140
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	255	155	105
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	200	120	85
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	50	35	15
Hindi	0	0	0	85	50	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	90	55	40
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Urdu	0	0	0	10	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	55	30	20
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,805	935	865
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	85	50	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	160	75	85
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	0	0	0	1,565	810	755
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	25	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	95	55	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	10	10	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	10	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	10	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	65	40	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	160	45	105
American Sign Language	0	0	0	105	30	75
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	20	30
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	120	55	65
Chinese languages	0	0	0	120	55	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	65	35	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Lao	0	0	0	45	25	20
Thai	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	15	25
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	65	20	50
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	55	20	40
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	25	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	370	175	190	97,880	49,480	48,395
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	360	175	185	91,070	45,935	45,130
Canadian citizens aged under 18	90	40	50	25,535	13,020	12,510
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	275	140	135	65,530	32,915	32,620
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	6,810	3,545	3,265
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	365	175	190	97,880	49,480	48,395
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	360	165	190	84,070	42,455	41,620
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	10	0	0	13,155	6,660	6,495
Before 1981	10	0	0	2,975	1,450	1,530
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	1,080	565	515
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	1,380	715	665
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	6,055	3,090	2,965
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	2,625	1,295	1,335
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	3,425	1,800	1,630
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	1,670	845	820
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	650	370	285
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	10	10	0	13,155	6,660	6,495
Under 5 years	10	10	0	2,545	1,285	1,255
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	3,655	1,930	1,730
15 to 24 years	0	0	10	2,475	1,195	1,285
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	3,745	1,875	1,870
45 years and over	0	0	0	735	370	365
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	0	13,155	6,655	6,500
Americas	0	0	0	4,570	2,195	2,375
Brazil	0	0	0	15	10	0
Colombia	0	0	0	55	10	50
El Salvador	0	0	0	10	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	20	15	10
Haiti	0	0	0	20	10	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	25	15	10
Mexico	0	0	0	1,095	525	565
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	850	335	515
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	2,455	1,255	1,205
Europe	10	0	0	5,750	3,005	2,745
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	0	0	0	10	10	0
France	10	0	0	90	65	25
Germany	0	0	0	2,610	1,395	1,215
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	50	30	25
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	60	35	30
Italy	0	0	0	40	15	30
Netherlands	0	0	0	325	180	140
Poland	0	0	0	110	55	60
Portugal	0	0	0	55	25	35
Romania	0	0	0	10	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	930	470	460
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	170	80	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	960	500	460
Other places of birth in Europe	0	10	0	320	150	165
Africa	0	0	0	325	180	150
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	30	10	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	65	30	35
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	20	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	10
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	70	45	25
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	125	60	65
Asia	0	0	0	2,475	1,255	1,220
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	55	20	30
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	10	0
India	0	0	0	125	60	65
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	1,185	585	600
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	80	40	40
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	935	480	450
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	35	30	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,665	845	825
Americas	0	0	0	285	130	160
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	20	0	20
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	50	30	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	115	45	70
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	90	50	40
Europe	0	0	0	510	285	230
France	0	0	0	50	30	20
Germany	0	0	0	180	105	75
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	150	75	70
Ukraine	0	0	0	80	45	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	35	15	15
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	65	35	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	10	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	795	390	405
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Philippines	0	0	0	570	275	295
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	115	55	60
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	370	175	190	97,880	49,485	48,400
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	10	0	0	14,655	7,520	7,140
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	25	0	15	15,555	7,905	7,650
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	335	165	170	67,665	34,060	33,610
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	10,410	5,315	5,105
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	7,225	3,880	3,345
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	1,855	1,560	300
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	5,365	2,320	3,045
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	2,660	1,140	1,515
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	500	275	225
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	370	175	190	97,880	49,480	48,400
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	20	0	20	12,560	6,330	6,230
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	20	0	20	12,415	6,280	6,135
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	25	0	20	2,785	1,355	1,425
Métis	0	0	0	9,545	4,870	4,675
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	85	55	35
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	100	30	65
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	45	20	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	340	175	165	85,320	43,155	42,165
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	370	175	190	97,880	49,480	48,400
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	25	0	25	2,585	1,230	1,360
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	345	175	165	95,295	48,250	47,040
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	365	175	190	97,880	49,485	48,395
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	2,450	1,280	1,160
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	2,435	1,275	1,155
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,425	700	720
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	980	550	435
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	30	25	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	35	10	25	10,960	5,445	5,510
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	35	10	30	10,515	5,275	5,240
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	25	2,165	1,055	1,110
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	8,275	4,190	4,085
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	75	30	40
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	445	170	270
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	435	165	275
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	330	170	165	84,475	42,755	41,725
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	370	175	185	97,880	49,480	48,395
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	3,930	1,975	1,955
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	405	235	175
Chinese	0	0	0	225	110	115
Black	0	0	0	830	445	385
Filipino	0	0	0	1,480	670	810
Latin American	0	0	0	240	125	110
Arab	0	0	0	60	30	30
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	295	180	115
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	55	40	15
Korean	0	0	0	65	25	35
Japanese	0	0	0	50	20	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	80	40	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	135	65	80
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	370	180	190	93,950	47,505	46,445
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	370	180	190	97,880	49,485	48,395
North American Aboriginal origins	35	10	30	13,405	6,730	6,675
First Nations (North American Indian)	30	10	20	4,045	1,935	2,110
Inuit	0	0	0	105	60	45
Métis	0	0	0	9,710	4,910	4,795
Other North American origins	225	110	115	29,295	14,685	14,605
Acadian	0	0	0	40	15	20
American	0	0	0	975	545	430
Canadian	225	110	110	28,780	14,385	14,395
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	0
European origins	270	110	155	79,005	39,800	39,210
British Isles origins	205	90	110	27,825	13,835	13,985
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	140	60	80	16,090	7,945	8,145
Irish	95	40	55	10,065	4,775	5,285
Manx	0	0	0	10	0	10
Scottish	120	40	80	12,675	6,260	6,415
Welsh	0	0	0	915	460	460
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	10	0	1,245	610	630
French origins	75	40	35	17,960	8,825	9,140
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	75	40	35	17,965	8,820	9,145
Western European origins (except French origins)	40	10	25	40,000	20,155	19,845
Austrian	0	0	0	855	455	400
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	2,125	1,000	1,120
Dutch	10	0	10	8,025	4,025	4,000
Flemish	0	0	0	60	25	35
Frisian	0	0	0	45	25	20
German	35	15	20	32,535	16,475	16,060
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	10	15
Swiss	0	0	0	575	290	285
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	0	0	5,185	2,540	2,645
Danish	0	0	0	565	265	295
Finnish	10	10	10	305	155	145
Icelandic	0	0	0	1,515	790	725
Norwegian	0	0	0	1,295	635	660
Swedish	0	0	0	1,735	790	940
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	250	125	125
Eastern European origins	10	10	10	29,030	14,605	14,420
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	85	45	35
Czech	0	0	0	445	205	230
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	180	105	80
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	0	10	0	750	380	370
Latvian	0	0	0	80	30	55
Lithuanian	0	0	0	95	80	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	30	10	15
Polish	0	10	0	6,900	3,390	3,510
Romanian	0	0	0	255	115	140
Russian	0	0	10	11,380	5,620	5,760
Slovak	0	0	0	345	175	170
Ukrainian	0	0	0	14,550	7,420	7,135
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins	10	0	10	2,455	1,190	1,270
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	80	30	50
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	180	90	90
Italian	0	0	10	1,195	600	590
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Maltese	10	0	0	30	20	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	475	225	250
Serbian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	460	195	270
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	80	35	50
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	530	265	270
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	310	125	180
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	195	125	65
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	510	215	290
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	15	10	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	40	10	30
Jamaican	0	0	0	215	80	135
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	165	60	100
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	15	10	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	20	15	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	2,900	1,510	1,395
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	30	15	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	65	25	45
Bolivian	0	0	0	105	50	50
Brazilian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Chilean	0	0	0	115	65	50
Colombian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	55	35	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	1,310	665	645
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	1,250	645	605
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	55	25	35
African origins	0	0	0	700	350	355
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	105	50	50
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	30	0	25
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	30	20	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	30	15	15
North African origins	0	0	0	150	85	65
Algerian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	85	55	35
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	175	80	95
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	60	35	25
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	20	15	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	15
South African	0	0	0	60	20	40
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	295	135	160
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	255	125	135
Asian origins	0	0	0	3,295	1,640	1,655
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	465	245	220
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	85	40	40
Iraqi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	85	65	20
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lebanese	0	0	0	60	25	35
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Syrian	0	0	0	35	25	20
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	55	25	25
Turk	0	0	0	65	40	30
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	15	0	15
South Asian origins	0	0	0	530	300	235
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	470	260	210
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	60	35	20
Punjabi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,285	1,085	1,200
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	430	200	225
Filipino	0	0	0	1,570	730	840
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	35	10	25
Japanese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	60	25	35
Laotian	0	0	0	130	65	65
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	30	15	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	135	90	45
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	30	20	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	165	80	90
Australian	0	0	0	85	35	50
New Zealander	0	0	0	30	10	20
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	55	35	20
Fijian	0	0	0	35	25	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Samoan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	130	...	...	34,635	...	...
Owner	115	...	...	28,860	...	...
Renter	20	...	...	5,565	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	210	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	130	...	...	34,635	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	1,935	...	...
Not condominium	130	...	...	32,700	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	130	...	...	34,630	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	70	...	...
1 bedroom	0	...	...	1,830	...	...
2 bedrooms	15	...	...	7,360	...	...
3 bedrooms	60	...	...	12,925	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	50	...	...	12,455	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	130	...	...	34,630	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	15	...	...	5,805	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	5,675	...	...
6 rooms	35	...	...	5,700	...	...
7 rooms	30	...	...	4,990	...	...
8 or more rooms	45	...	...	12,455	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.3	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	135	...	...	34,630	...	...
One person or fewer per room	135	...	...	33,940	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	690	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	130	...	...	34,635	...	...
Suitable	130	...	...	33,290	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	1,345	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	130	...	...	34,635	...	...
1960 or before	40	...	...	4,585	...	...
1961 to 1980	50	...	...	8,870	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	4,825	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	4,555	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	2,655	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	3,980	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	10	...	...	5,165	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	130	...	...	34,630	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	120	...	...	32,500	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	2,135	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	130	...	...	34,635	...	...
1 household maintainer	55	...	...	18,755	...	...
2 household maintainers	80	...	...	15,475	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	405	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	135	...	...	34,630	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	1,170	...	...
25 to 34 years	20	...	...	5,640	...	...
35 to 44 years	20	...	...	6,580	...	...
45 to 54 years	15	...	...	7,075	...	...
55 to 64 years	25	...	...	6,570	...	...
65 to 74 years	35	...	...	4,590	...	...
75 to 84 years	10	...	...	2,270	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	745	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	100	...	...	32,920	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	85	...	...	27,735	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	15	...	...	5,185	...	...
30% to less than 100%	15	...	...	4,675	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	80	...	...	27,485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.5	...	...	67.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	11.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,027	...	...	1,083	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,089	...	...	1,132	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	229,440	...	...	285,214	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	263,565	...	...	308,363	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	5,525	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	16.2	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	35.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	850	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	881	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	290	145	150	75,065	37,775	37,290
No certificate, diploma or degree	55	30	30	19,280	10,730	8,555
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	90	50	35	23,225	11,305	11,920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	145	65	85	32,560	15,740	16,820
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	30	20	10	7,575	5,460	2,115
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	20	15	0	3,450	2,085	1,365
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	15	10	0	4,130	3,375	755
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	75	25	45	13,490	5,625	7,860
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	2,145	865	1,275
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35	15	25	9,350	3,790	5,560
Bachelor's degree	25	10	20	7,035	2,710	4,325
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	770	275	495
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	235	145	90
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,170	555	615
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	135	100	30
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	180	90	90	49,925	25,045	24,875
No certificate, diploma or degree	25	15	10	8,810	5,385	3,425
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	40	20	15	15,235	7,400	7,835
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	115	50	65	25,880	12,255	13,620
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	20	15	10	5,600	4,090	1,515
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	10	0	2,470	1,530	945
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	0	0	3,130	2,560	570
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	50	20	35	10,900	4,565	6,335
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	0	1,640	670	970
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	40	10	25	7,735	2,940	4,795
Bachelor's degree	25	10	20	5,850	2,110	3,735
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	0	620	210	420
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	205	115	90
Master's degree	10	0	10	950	430	520
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	115	80	35
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	290	145	145	75,065	37,775	37,290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	140	80	60	42,510	22,040	20,470
Education	15	0	15	3,025	820	2,210
13. Education	20	0	15	3,030	815	2,210
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	660	280	385
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	125	110	15
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	535	170	370
Humanities	0	0	0	1,700	790	915
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	65	10	60
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	110	35	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	375	145	225
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	140	75	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	880	480	400
54. History	0	0	0	105	35	75
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	10	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	15	2,265	550	1,710
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	20
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	130	50	85
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	15	0	15	675	25	650
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	455	70	385
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	35	15	25
42. Psychology	0	0	0	340	90	250
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	595	300	295
Business, management and public administration	15	0	15	5,790	1,860	3,930
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	0	445	95	350
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	10	10	5,320	1,755	3,565
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	660	335	325
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	265	125	140
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	195	100	95
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	20	0	15
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	125	95	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	60	20	45
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	850	495	350
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	710	450	265
25. Library science	0	0	10	55	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	70	45	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	25	25	0	8,000	7,510	485
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	85	45	40
14. Engineering	10	0	0	555	430	120
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	10	0	1,410	1,265	150
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	2,375	2,295	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	2,570	2,520	50
48. Precision production	0	0	0	1,005	960	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	30	20	10	1,535	1,120	415
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	25	15	10	1,315	955	355
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	225	160	60
Health and related fields	35	10	25	5,745	785	4,960
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	285	110	175
51. Health professions and related programs	30	0	25	5,420	650	4,770
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	35	25	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	10	0	2,315	1,190	1,125
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,180	195	980
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	25	25	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	500	400	100
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	615	570	40
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	175	90	90	49,925	25,045	24,880
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	60	35	25	24,045	12,785	11,260
Education	20	0	20	2,180	515	1,665
13. Education	15	0	20	2,180	510	1,670
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	510	225	285
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	95	80	15
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	415	145	270
Humanities	0	0	0	1,190	545	645
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	35	10	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	15	50
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	290	105	185
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	110	65	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	610	335	280
54. History	0	0	0	65	15	45
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	15	0	10	1,985	460	1,525
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	30	10	25
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	115	35	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	0	580	15	560
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	405	55	355
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	35	15	20
42. Psychology	0	0	0	315	75	240
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	510	260	250
Business, management and public administration	15	0	15	4,760	1,480	3,285
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	25	10	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	10	0	10	365	55	310
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	10	4,370	1,410	2,965
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	490	220	265
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	225	90	135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	115	50	60
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	95	65	30
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	745	440	305
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	660	420	245
25. Library science	0	0	0	45	0	50
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	30	15	15
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	20	20	0	6,230	5,835	400
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	75	40	35
14. Engineering	10	0	0	450	350	100
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	1,085	960	130
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	0	0	1,845	1,780	60
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	2,040	2,000	40
48. Precision production	0	0	0	730	700	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	25	15	10	1,285	930	355
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	20	10	10	1,080	785	295
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	205	145	60
Health and related fields	15	10	10	4,685	670	4,015
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	240	100	140
51. Health professions and related programs	15	10	15	4,415	555	3,865
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	25	15	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	10	0	1,810	945	865
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	890	135	755
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	20	20	0
43. Security and protective services	0	10	0	390	315	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	510	475	30
Other	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	290	140	150	75,065	37,775	37,290
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	145	80	65	42,510	22,040	20,470
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	150	65	80	32,555	15,735	16,815
Location of study inside Canada	150	65	85	29,350	14,065	15,280
Same as province or territory of residence	145	60	80	26,025	12,335	13,685
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	3,325	1,730	1,600
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	3,205	1,670	1,530
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	560	280	280
Philippines	0	0	0	650	290	350
India	0	0	0	65	40	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	230	135	95
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	15
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other	0	0	0	1,650	885	760
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	180	85	90	49,920	25,045	24,875
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	60	35	25	24,045	12,790	11,260
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	120	50	60	25,880	12,260	13,620
Location of study inside Canada	115	50	65	23,145	10,855	12,290
Same as province or territory of residence	115	50	65	20,550	9,560	10,990
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	2,595	1,295	1,300
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,730	1,405	1,325
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	375	165	205
Philippines	0	0	0	615	280	330
India	0	0	0	60	35	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	170	95	75
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	10	15
France	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other	0	0	0	1,460	795	660
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	295	140	145	75,065	37,775	37,295
In the labour force	220	120	100	52,365	28,740	23,625
Employed	215	115	100	49,760	27,285	22,485
Unemployed	0	10	0	2,600	1,455	1,145
Not in the labour force	75	25	50	22,705	9,035	13,665
Participation rate	74.6	85.7	69.0	69.8	76.1	63.3
Employment rate	72.9	82.1	69.0	66.3	72.2	60.3
Unemployment rate	0.0	8.3	0.0	5.0	5.1	4.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	290	145	145	75,065	37,775	37,290
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	60	25	35	19,985	7,815	12,165
Worked	225	115	110	55,080	29,960	25,120
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	110	75	40	29,805	18,630	11,175
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	115	40	75	25,280	11,330	13,945
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.6	40.1	43.3	43.6	44.5	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	220	120	105	52,360	28,740	23,625
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	520	220	295
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	215	115	105	51,850	28,515	23,330
Employee	150	70	85	44,225	23,370	20,855
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	65	45	20	7,625	5,145	2,480
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	220	115	100	52,365	28,740	23,625
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	515	225	295
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	215	120	105	51,850	28,515	23,335
0 Management occupations	55	40	20	6,810	4,585	2,230
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	15	0	10	7,205	1,615	5,585
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	10	10	0	1,920	1,485	430
3 Health occupations	10	10	0	3,070	550	2,515
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	25	0	25	5,845	1,700	4,140
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	825	250	580
6 Sales and service occupations	40	15	25	9,205	3,415	5,790
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	20	10	12,070	11,435	630
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	30	25	0	2,600	1,855	750
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	10	10	0	2,305	1,630	675
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	215	115	100	52,360	28,740	23,625
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	515	220	295
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	220	115	100	51,845	28,515	23,335
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	55	45	0	4,530	3,125	1,410
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	15	10	370	325	45
22 Utilities	0	0	0	555	435	125
23 Construction	10	10	0	7,005	6,185	820
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	4,910	3,480	1,430
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	1,685	1,245	440
44-45 Retail trade	15	10	0	4,740	2,220	2,520
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	3,685	2,915	765
51 Information and cultural industries	0	10	10	535	265	270
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	1,695	460	1,240
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	555	260	290
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	10	10	0	1,650	735	920
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	65	25	40
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	10	0	0	1,315	735	580
61 Educational services	25	0	25	3,815	1,065	2,755
62 Health care and social assistance	30	0	30	5,790	835	4,960
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	10	0	820	410	410
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	2,495	685	1,805
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	2,495	1,385	1,110
91 Public administration	10	10	0	3,140	1,730	1,410
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	215	110	100	49,765	27,280	22,480
Worked at home	60	45	15	4,780	2,435	2,345
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	230	160	65
No fixed workplace address	15	10	0	8,415	6,925	1,490
Worked at usual place	145	60	85	36,345	17,765	18,580
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	140	60	85	36,345	17,765	18,580
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	15	10	10	10,210	4,525	5,685
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	120	45	70	9,875	4,545	5,335
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	10	10	0	16,065	8,550	7,515
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	195	140	50
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	155	70	80	44,760	24,690	20,075
Car, truck, van - as a driver	125	55	70	39,565	22,245	17,320
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	15	10	10	2,600	1,170	1,430
Public transit	0	0	0	245	130	110
Walked	10	10	0	1,530	555	975
Bicycle	0	0	0	340	240	100
Other method	0	0	0	480	345	135
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	155	70	80	44,760	24,690	20,070
Less than 15 minutes	30	25	10	13,535	6,425	7,110
15 to 29 minutes	65	25	45	11,745	6,175	5,570
30 to 44 minutes	35	10	25	9,710	5,660	4,045
45 to 59 minutes	0	10	0	5,585	3,505	2,075
60 minutes and over	20	10	10	4,190	2,925	1,265
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	155	70	85	44,760	24,690	20,075
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	20	10	10	3,395	2,645	755
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	25	20	10	10,715	7,275	3,445
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	65	30	35	13,705	7,800	5,910
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	25	10	20	8,025	2,965	5,065
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10	10	10	3,045	1,145	1,900
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10	0	15	5,870	2,870	3,000
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	235	120	115	56,840	30,710	26,130
Single responses	235	115	115	56,035	30,325	25,710
Official languages	235	120	115	55,490	29,980	25,510
English	205	105	100	54,120	29,545	24,575
French	25	10	10	1,370	440	930
Non-official languages	0	0	0	545	340	205
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	545	340	200
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	515	330	185
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	455	295	160
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	20	10	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	385	250	135
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	35	15
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	10	0	805	385	420
English and French	0	0	0	520	225	295
English and non-official language	0	0	0	290	165	125
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	235	120	115	56,835	30,710	26,125
None	195	105	90	51,670	28,120	23,555
English	15	0	0	1,175	490	685
French	25	0	10	2,220	1,055	1,165
Non-official language	0	0	0	1,745	1,035	710
Aboriginal	0	0	0	15	0	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	1,730	1,030	700
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	360	170	185	96,515	48,695	47,825
Non-movers	320	160	165	84,840	42,930	41,910
Movers	35	10	25	11,680	5,765	5,920
Non-migrants	0	0	0	4,435	2,195	2,235
Migrants	35	10	20	7,245	3,565	3,685
Internal migrants	35	15	25	6,790	3,325	3,470
Intraprovincial migrants	35	15	25	5,995	2,945	3,050
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	795	380	420
External migrants	0	0	0	455	245	210
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	340	160	185	90,210	45,500	44,715
Non-movers	260	120	135	55,195	28,190	27,005
Movers	85	35	45	35,020	17,310	17,710
Non-migrants	0	0	0	13,250	6,635	6,615
Migrants	85	40	45	21,770	10,670	11,100
Internal migrants	85	40	45	19,685	9,560	10,120
Intraprovincial migrants	85	40	50	17,380	8,485	8,900
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	2,305	1,080	1,225
External migrants	0	0	0	2,085	1,110	980

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Kerns, TP [Census subdivision], Ontario and Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kerns, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Kerns, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Kerns, Township [Census subdivision], Ontario and Provencher [Federal electoral district], Manitoba