Census Profile, 2016 Census
Smoky Lake County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta and Division No. 12, Census division [Census division], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Smoky Lake County, MD Alberta [Census subdivision]			Division No. 12, CDR Alberta [Census division]
	Data quality , Smoky Lake County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : Smoky Lake County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Division No. 12, Census division [Census division], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	4,107	...	...	67,120	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	3,910	...	...	63,427	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	5.0	...	...	5.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,248	...	...	30,281	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	1,556	...	...	24,500	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1.2	...	...	2.1	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	3,412.92	...	...	31,981.64	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	4,110	2,105	2,005	67,120	34,200	32,920
0 to 14 years	790	405	380	14,650	7,475	7,180
0 to 4 years	280	140	135	4,965	2,520	2,440
5 to 9 years	275	145	135	5,100	2,665	2,430
10 to 14 years	235	125	110	4,585	2,290	2,295
15 to 64 years	2,610	1,355	1,255	44,345	22,845	21,505
15 to 19 years	270	140	125	4,400	2,240	2,155
20 to 24 years	240	115	120	4,195	2,190	2,010
25 to 29 years	235	125	105	5,005	2,610	2,395
30 to 34 years	185	90	90	5,130	2,610	2,520
35 to 39 years	190	95	90	4,540	2,350	2,185
40 to 44 years	200	110	85	4,125	2,085	2,045
45 to 49 years	260	125	135	4,060	2,080	1,980
50 to 54 years	345	170	175	4,845	2,450	2,395
55 to 59 years	355	195	160	4,510	2,390	2,120
60 to 64 years	335	180	155	3,540	1,840	1,705
65 years and over	710	340	365	8,120	3,885	4,240
65 to 69 years	255	115	140	2,675	1,305	1,375
70 to 74 years	180	90	95	2,030	980	1,050
75 to 79 years	135	75	60	1,465	760	705
80 to 84 years	90	45	45	1,015	475	540
85 years and over	55	25	30	940	365	570
85 to 89 years	40	20	25	595	260	335
90 to 94 years	10	5	5	250	85	165
95 to 99 years	5	0	0	85	25	60
100 years and over	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.2	19.2	19.0	21.8	21.9	21.8
15 to 64 years	63.5	64.4	62.6	66.1	66.8	65.3
65 years and over	17.3	16.2	18.2	12.1	11.4	12.9
85 years and over	1.3	1.2	1.5	1.4	1.1	1.7
Average age of the population	40.9	40.7	41.2	36.7	36.4	37.0
Median age of the population	43.7	43.2	44.5	35.2	35.0	35.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	1,560	...	...	24,500	...	...
Single-detached house	1,415	...	...	19,155	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	25	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5	...	...	3,290	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	955	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	500	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	130	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	1,675	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	30	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	130	...	...	2,030	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
1 person	360	...	...	5,470	...	...
2 persons	610	...	...	8,715	...	...
3 persons	220	...	...	3,675	...	...
4 persons	175	...	...	3,650	...	...
5 or more persons	190	...	...	2,995	...	...
Number of persons in private households	4,030	...	...	65,735	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	3,315	1,700	1,620	52,470	26,730	25,745
Married or living common law	1,980	995	990	32,470	16,275	16,190
Married	1,540	780	770	25,740	12,930	12,810
Living common law	435	215	220	6,725	3,345	3,380
Not married and not living common law	1,340	705	635	20,000	10,450	9,550
Never married	895	525	370	13,745	8,025	5,720
Separated	80	35	40	1,235	615	625
Divorced	145	100	50	2,475	1,260	1,215
Widowed	210	45	170	2,550	560	1,990
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,205	...	...	18,910	...	...
2 persons	670	...	...	9,445	...	...
3 persons	245	...	...	3,800	...	...
4 persons	175	...	...	3,460	...	...
5 or more persons	115	...	...	2,210	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,205	...	...	18,910	...	...
Total couple families	960	...	...	15,885	...	...
Married couples	740	...	...	12,520	...	...
Common-law couples	220	...	...	3,365	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	245	...	...	3,025	...	...
Female parent	170	...	...	2,170	...	...
Male parent	70	...	...	860	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	960	...	...	15,885	...	...
Couples without children	540	...	...	7,725	...	...
Couples with children	420	...	...	8,155	...	...
1 child	175	...	...	2,960	...	...
2 children	145	...	...	3,180	...	...
3 or more children	105	...	...	2,020	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	245	...	...	3,025	...	...
1 child	130	...	...	1,720	...	...
2 children	70	...	...	835	...	...
3 or more children	40	...	...	465	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	635	375	265	9,535	5,440	4,095
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
One-census-family households	1,085	...	...	17,350	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	510	...	...	7,235	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	575	...	...	10,115	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	60	...	...	750	...	...
Non-census-family households	410	...	...	6,405	...	...
One-person households	360	...	...	5,465	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	50	...	...	935	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	4,105	2,105	2,005	66,505	33,940	32,565
English only	4,015	2,050	1,960	58,585	30,025	28,555
French only	0	0	0	115	45	70
English and French	85	50	40	7,675	3,810	3,865
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	130	55	75
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	4,110	2,105	2,000	66,505	33,940	32,565
English	4,070	2,085	1,985	62,405	31,815	30,595
French	35	20	15	3,865	2,025	1,840
English and French	5	5	0	110	45	65
Neither English nor French	5	5	5	125	50	75
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	35	20	15	3,920	2,050	1,870
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	1.0	0.8	5.9	6.0	5.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	4,110	2,105	2,000	66,505	33,940	32,565
Single responses	4,030	2,055	1,975	65,470	33,430	32,045
Official languages	3,550	1,810	1,740	58,615	30,095	28,520
English	3,510	1,790	1,715	54,510	27,950	26,560
French	40	20	20	4,105	2,145	1,960
Non-official languages	480	245	235	6,855	3,330	3,530
Aboriginal languages	125	60	65	1,935	955	980
Algonquian languages	115	55	60	1,720	855	865
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	115	55	60	1,710	850	860
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	15	0	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	40	20	20
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	115	55	60	1,655	825	825
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	195	90	105
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	195	90	105
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	5
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	5	195	90	105
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	5	5	0	10	5	5
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dakota	0	0	0	5	0	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	355	190	170	4,920	2,375	2,545
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	265	145	125
Berber languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	240	125	110
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	225	115	105
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	5	1,150	470	680
Bikol	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	100	45	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	10	5
Ilocano	5	0	0	75	35	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	940	375	565
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	15	5	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	340	175	160	3,045	1,515	1,530
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	190	100	90	1,725	870	860
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	10	5	0
Slavic languages	195	105	85	1,715	865	850
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Czech	0	0	0	5	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	5	170	80	90
Russian	0	0	0	525	275	250
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	20	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ukrainian	180	95	80	950	475	480
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	140	70	70	745	355	390
Afrikaans	0	0	0	120	55	65
Danish	0	5	0	20	5	15
Dutch	5	5	5	55	25	30
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	130	65	65	525	260	265
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	280	160	120
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	255	145	105
Bengali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hindi	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	5
Nepali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	50	35	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Urdu	0	0	0	55	30	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	5	5	270	120	155
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Portuguese	0	0	5	25	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	5	5	0	200	90	115
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Korean	0	0	0	90	50	40
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	55	30	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	15	10	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	5	5	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	125	70	55
Chinese languages	0	0	0	130	75	60
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	25	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	55	25	25
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	20	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	15	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Uralic languages	10	5	0	30	20	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	10	0	15	10	10
Hungarian	0	5	0	10	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	75	50	30	1,035	515	525
English and French	10	5	0	355	180	175
English and non-official language	60	40	20	640	315	325
French and non-official language	5	5	5	25	10	15
English, French and non-official language	5	5	5	15	10	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	4,110	2,105	2,000	66,505	33,940	32,570
Single responses	4,030	2,065	1,965	65,070	33,265	31,805
Official languages	3,905	2,005	1,905	62,965	32,205	30,760
English	3,890	1,995	1,900	61,525	31,490	30,030
French	10	5	0	1,445	715	730
Non-official languages	125	65	60	2,110	1,060	1,050
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	320	165	155
Algonquian languages	10	10	5	290	150	145
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	5	5	290	150	145
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	5	5	285	140	140
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	25	20	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	25	15	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	110	60	55	1,785	890	895
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	115	55	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Kabyle	0	0	0	5	5	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	85	40	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	5	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	615	305	305
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	55	30	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	520	260	260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	55	50	830	400	430
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	310	160	150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	5	310	160	155
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	10	10
Russian	5	5	0	195	100	95
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	10	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	5	65	35	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	90	45	45	290	140	150
Afrikaans	0	0	0	90	40	50
Danish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	90	45	45	195	95	100
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	130	60	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	120	60	65
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	5	10
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Urdu	0	0	0	40	15	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	0	0	0	85	35	50
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	80	50	35
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	5	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Chinese languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Cantonese	0	0	0	20	10	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	80	35	40	1,435	675	755
English and French	0	5	0	200	95	105
English and non-official language	80	40	40	1,205	570	635
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	10	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	4,105	2,105	2,000	66,510	33,940	32,565
None	3,720	1,915	1,810	59,125	30,330	28,795
English	95	50	45	1,870	940	935
French	10	0	5	1,960	965	995
Non-official language	275	135	140	3,490	1,680	1,810
Aboriginal	155	70	80	1,650	820	825
Non-Aboriginal	120	60	60	1,845	855	985
English and French	0	0	0	10	5	5
English and non-official language	5	0	0	15	5	5
French and non-official language	5	0	5	40	20	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	3,255	1,665	1,585	51,145	26,095	25,050
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,055	1,555	1,490	48,735	24,915	23,815
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,208	36,096	25,984	41,938	59,102	31,104
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,055	1,560	1,495	48,745	24,920	23,830
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,297	33,056	25,088	37,513	50,152	28,846
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,650	1,425	1,225	44,585	23,480	21,105
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,589	34,400	25,685	42,006	59,990	30,130
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,150	990	1,160	28,415	11,265	17,150
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,688	8,936	8,400	5,619	6,444	5,301
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,305	1,270	1,035	39,640	21,355	18,290
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,968	30,016	26,112	41,734	58,900	30,466
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	3,250	1,700	1,550	51,145	26,095	25,045
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,050	1,575	1,475	48,725	24,910	23,815
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,719	53,716	33,046	58,154	75,756	39,746
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,050	1,575	1,475	48,755	24,915	23,840
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,880	43,981	29,274	47,510	60,194	34,256
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,625	1,430	1,195	44,580	23,485	21,090
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,266	52,585	32,105	58,463	76,379	38,516
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,135	1,020	1,115	28,250	11,120	17,135
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,188	9,089	9,279	8,044	8,372	7,831
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,280	1,270	1,005	39,645	21,465	18,180
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,075	48,607	31,542	54,959	69,407	37,900
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	3,250	1,705	1,550	51,140	26,095	25,045
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,000	625	375	17,860	10,680	7,185
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	45,967	51,974	42,275	62,384	74,593	48,124
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,017	65,088	46,182	73,352	86,098	54,415
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.8	88.3	80.1	92.0	95.0	86.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.2	74.4	64.2	77.2	80.1	71.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.0	11.5	20.1	8.0	5.0	13.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	3,255	1,670	1,590	51,140	26,095	25,045
Without total income	205	110	95	2,410	1,180	1,235
With total income	3,050	1,555	1,495	48,735	24,915	23,815
Percentage with total income	93.7	93.1	94.0	95.3	95.5	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	470	235	240	6,520	2,525	4,000
$10,000 to $19,999	590	255	335	6,230	2,395	3,835
$20,000 to $29,999	455	205	255	5,940	2,260	3,680
$30,000 to $39,999	320	145	175	4,835	1,815	3,020
$40,000 to $49,999	290	135	160	4,255	1,825	2,435
$50,000 to $59,999	230	120	105	3,700	1,800	1,900
$60,000 to $69,999	170	95	80	3,275	1,900	1,380
$70,000 to $79,999	120	75	40	2,860	1,910	950
$80,000 to $89,999	80	60	25	2,110	1,425	690
$90,000 to $99,999	65	40	20	1,835	1,255	580
$100,000 and over	265	200	60	7,170	5,805	1,365
$100,000 to $149,999	175	135	45	4,315	3,325	995
$150,000 and over	80	65	20	2,855	2,480	370
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	3,255	1,665	1,590	51,140	26,095	25,045
Without after-tax income	205	105	95	2,400	1,180	1,220
With after-tax income	3,050	1,560	1,495	48,745	24,915	23,830
Percentage with after-tax income	93.7	93.7	94.0	95.3	95.5	95.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	480	240	245	6,640	2,570	4,075
$10,000 to $19,999	605	270	340	6,505	2,500	4,010
$20,000 to $29,999	510	230	285	6,885	2,590	4,290
$30,000 to $39,999	390	175	215	5,740	2,280	3,465
$40,000 to $49,999	325	160	165	5,200	2,490	2,710
$50,000 to $59,999	250	140	110	4,440	2,585	1,860
$60,000 to $69,999	130	85	40	3,505	2,360	1,150
$70,000 to $79,999	115	80	40	2,675	1,825	855
$80,000 and over	250	190	60	7,150	5,725	1,425
$80,000 to $89,999	80	65	20	1,835	1,295	540
$90,000 to $99,999	45	25	15	1,310	1,020	290
$100,000 and over	120	95	25	4,005	3,410	595
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	3,255	1,670	1,590	51,140	26,100	25,045
Without employment income	955	400	555	11,500	4,740	6,760
With employment income	2,300	1,270	1,030	39,645	21,355	18,285
Percentage with employment income	70.7	76.0	64.8	77.5	81.8	73.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	435	245	185	5,010	2,395	2,620
$5,000 to $9,999	210	110	105	2,715	1,100	1,615
$10,000 to $19,999	305	150	155	4,155	1,720	2,435
$20,000 to $29,999	245	130	115	3,680	1,385	2,295
$30,000 to $39,999	210	80	130	3,675	1,360	2,315
$40,000 to $49,999	200	90	110	3,275	1,420	1,845
$50,000 to $59,999	160	85	75	2,865	1,445	1,420
$60,000 to $69,999	120	65	55	2,690	1,610	1,075
$70,000 to $79,999	100	70	25	2,340	1,640	700
$80,000 and over	320	240	80	9,240	7,275	1,965
$80,000 to $89,999	55	40	20	1,740	1,240	495
$90,000 to $99,999	55	30	25	1,585	1,065	520
$100,000 and over	210	165	45	5,915	4,970	945
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	1,560	...	...	24,500	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	65,408	...	...	94,409	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,008	...	...	80,523	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	360	...	...	5,470	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	26,965	...	...	45,952	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,472	...	...	40,275	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,195	...	...	19,030	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,872	...	...	111,399	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,339	...	...	94,643	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,584	...	...	115,650	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	72,317	...	...	94,542	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	340	...	...	5,455	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,072	...	...	58,418	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,691	...	...	47,858	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,215	...	...	19,045	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,101	...	...	132,051	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,160	...	...	107,921	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	350	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	200	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	40	...	...	345	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	570	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	85	...	...	980	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	655	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	65	...	...	725	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	80	...	...	765	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	70	...	...	720	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	70	...	...	715	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	120	...	...	1,410	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	95	...	...	1,440	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	90	...	...	1,435	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	85	...	...	1,310	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	80	...	...	1,345	...	...
$100,000 and over	480	...	...	11,530	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	140	...	...	2,860	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	115	...	...	2,495	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	140	...	...	3,080	...	...
$200,000 and over	85	...	...	3,095	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
Under $5,000	40	...	...	365	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	20	...	...	205	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	45	...	...	345	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	80	...	...	590	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	95	...	...	1,060	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	55	...	...	705	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	70	...	...	830	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	90	...	...	890	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	90	...	...	890	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	75	...	...	900	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	130	...	...	1,800	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	125	...	...	1,795	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	105	...	...	1,785	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	90	...	...	1,615	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	75	...	...	1,555	...	...
$100,000 and over	370	...	...	9,170	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	150	...	...	3,295	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	115	...	...	2,215	...	...
$150,000 and over	105	...	...	3,665	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,165	...	...	18,410	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,616	...	...	109,030	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,253	...	...	93,064	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	490	...	...	7,105	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,488	...	...	99,873	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,936	...	...	84,775	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	430	...	...	8,250	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,131	...	...	135,729	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,928	...	...	113,063	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.3	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	205	...	...	2,545	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,640	...	...	56,292	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,995	...	...	52,256	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.1	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,175	...	...	18,375	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,756	...	...	130,762	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,812	...	...	106,734	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	505	...	...	7,105	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,031	...	...	126,888	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,588	...	...	102,789	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	430	...	...	8,265	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	134,481	...	...	153,710	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,077	...	...	125,010	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	195	...	...	2,535	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,455	...	...	70,046	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	52,223	...	...	60,079	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	460	280	180	7,770	4,490	3,275
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,901	30,880	23,296	44,058	54,889	32,718
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,152	27,808	23,219	38,794	46,444	30,384
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	450	295	155	7,760	4,345	3,415
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	43,146	48,787	32,211	55,530	65,038	43,435
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,315	39,981	29,207	45,777	52,321	37,453
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	4,030	2,065	1,960	65,735	33,540	32,195
In the bottom half of the distribution	2,235	1,115	1,120	25,545	12,460	13,085
In the bottom decile	485	265	220	5,415	2,695	2,720
In the second decile	490	240	250	5,075	2,385	2,690
In the third decile	500	240	260	4,860	2,315	2,545
In the fourth decile	450	220	235	5,005	2,505	2,500
In the fifth decile	315	155	160	5,195	2,570	2,625
In the top half of the distribution	1,790	945	845	40,185	21,075	19,115
In the sixth decile	355	180	170	6,130	3,100	3,035
In the seventh decile	345	185	165	6,810	3,500	3,310
In the eighth decile	395	210	185	7,755	4,055	3,700
In the ninth decile	320	165	155	8,835	4,690	4,155
In the top decile	370	205	170	10,650	5,735	4,915
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	4,025	2,065	1,965	60,550	30,865	29,680
0 to 17 years	925	480	440	15,240	7,740	7,500
0 to 5 years	330	165	170	5,270	2,660	2,605
18 to 64 years	2,410	1,245	1,160	38,280	19,695	18,585
65 years and over	695	340	355	7,025	3,430	3,590
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	735	385	350	5,600	2,705	2,900
0 to 17 years	220	120	100	1,880	975	905
0 to 5 years	85	40	50	665	330	335
18 to 64 years	390	215	175	2,850	1,375	1,475
65 years and over	125	50	75	875	355	520
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.3	18.6	17.8	9.2	8.8	9.8
0 to 17 years (%)	23.8	25.0	22.7	12.3	12.6	12.1
0 to 5 years (%)	25.8	24.2	29.4	12.6	12.4	12.9
18 to 64 years (%)	16.2	17.3	15.1	7.4	7.0	7.9
65 years and over (%)	18.0	14.7	21.1	12.5	10.3	14.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	280	150	130	2,240	1,105	1,135
0 to 17 years	95	55	40	790	390	400
0 to 5 years	35	15	20	260	125	140
18 to 64 years	175	95	85	1,375	675	705
65 years and over	10	5	5	80	40	35
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.0	7.3	6.6	3.7	3.6	3.8
0 to 17 years (%)	10.3	11.5	9.1	5.2	5.0	5.3
0 to 5 years (%)	10.6	9.1	11.8	4.9	4.7	5.4
18 to 64 years (%)	7.3	7.6	7.3	3.6	3.4	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.5	1.4	1.1	1.2	1.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	4,025	2,105	1,925	65,735	33,540	32,200
Official languages	4,025	2,100	1,925	65,635	33,510	32,130
English	4,025	2,100	1,920	65,530	33,475	32,055
French	80	45	40	7,680	3,795	3,885
Non-official languages	635	335	300	8,975	4,410	4,570
Aboriginal languages	295	150	145	2,865	1,420	1,445
Algonquian languages	285	150	135	2,630	1,310	1,320
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	290	150	140	2,620	1,305	1,315
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	15	0	10
Plains Cree	0	0	0	110	45	65
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	285	150	135	2,490	1,250	1,235
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	10	10
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	240	110	130
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	240	110	130
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	0	10	240	110	130
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	340	185	160	6,120	2,995	3,120
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	465	245	220
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	450	240	215
Amharic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Arabic	0	0	0	435	230	210
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	50	10	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	40	15	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	1,390	625	765
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	105	50	55
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	90	50	35
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	15	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	0	10	1,355	595	755
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	50	25	25
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	10	10	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	20
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	15	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	10	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	325	175	145	3,700	1,825	1,875
Albanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	270	155	120	2,055	1,010	1,050
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	275	150	115	2,055	1,005	1,045
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	15	10	195	85	105
Russian	0	0	0	655	355	305
Serbian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	260	145	115	1,215	575	635
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	45	15	30	715	310	405
Afrikaans	0	0	0	80	40	45
Danish	0	0	10	15	0	15
Dutch	10	10	0	70	20	45
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	10	15	530	225	300
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Swedish	10	0	0	15	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	55	15	40
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	340	190	150
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	320	180	140
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	50	30	20
Hindi	0	0	0	70	35	35
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	90	70	20
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	110	50	60
Urdu	0	0	0	45	20	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	0	660	330	330
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	30	20	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	60	30	30
Romanian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Spanish	10	10	0	550	280	265
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	165	90	75
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	15	10	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	60	30	35
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	75	45	30
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	0	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	225	125	100
Chinese languages	0	0	0	225	125	100
Cantonese	0	0	0	110	55	50
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	115	50	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	40	30	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	0	15
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	0	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	50	40	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	30	10
Uralic languages	10	0	10	40	30	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hungarian	10	10	0	25	20	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	4,030	2,105	1,925	65,735	33,540	32,195
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	3,995	2,090	1,905	63,440	32,460	30,980
Canadian citizens aged under 18	915	485	430	16,940	8,695	8,245
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	3,075	1,605	1,470	46,500	23,765	22,735
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	30	15	20	2,290	1,080	1,215
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	4,025	2,100	1,920	65,735	33,540	32,195
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	3,930	2,065	1,870	61,285	31,435	29,855
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	90	40	50	3,925	1,870	2,055
Before 1981	70	35	40	960	485	475
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	315	135	175
1991 to 2000	10	0	10	445	195	250
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	885	410	475
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	330	175	155
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	555	235	320
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	0	10	1,330	650	680
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	0	0	520	230	290
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	85	35	50	3,930	1,870	2,055
Under 5 years	15	10	10	440	245	190
5 to 14 years	45	20	20	965	495	470
15 to 24 years	20	0	15	785	355	430
25 to 44 years	10	0	10	1,485	650	835
45 years and over	10	0	10	250	120	130
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	90	35	50	3,930	1,870	2,060
Americas	15	15	0	765	360	410
Brazil	0	0	0	60	30	25
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	100	50	50
Mexico	0	0	0	65	20	45
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	25	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	10	10	375	170	205
Other places of birth in Americas	0	10	0	95	55	45
Europe	65	20	45	1,065	485	580
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	20	0	15
France	0	0	0	30	15	15
Germany	15	0	10	170	55	110
Greece	0	0	0	20	10	0
Hungary	0	0	0	15	15	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	30	15	15
Italy	0	0	0	10	0	0
Netherlands	10	10	10	45	25	25
Poland	10	0	10	110	50	60
Portugal	0	0	0	0	10	0
Romania	0	0	0	25	15	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	35	15	25
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	30	15	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	10	10	435	190	245
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	10	80	45	35
Africa	0	0	0	335	190	150
Algeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Egypt	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	15	10	0
Morocco	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	25	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	105	45	60
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	140	85	50
Asia	10	0	0	1,710	820	890
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	145	70	75
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	30	15	15
India	0	0	0	95	60	35
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	100	65	35
Pakistan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Philippines	10	10	0	1,030	450	585
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	80	40	40
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	30	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	100	60	35
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	45	15	30
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10	0	10	1,325	645	680
Americas	0	0	0	150	75	75
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	55	30	30
Mexico	0	0	0	40	10	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	10	0
Europe	0	0	0	110	45	65
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	10	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	10	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	45	15	25
Other places of birth in Europe	10	0	0	20	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	110	60	45
Algeria	0	0	0	20	10	10
Cameroon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	25	15	10
Asia	10	0	10	955	460	490
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	45	25	20
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	10	10	10	760	360	395
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	75	40	35
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	4,030	2,105	1,925	65,735	33,535	32,195
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	105	45	65	4,750	2,240	2,510
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	460	250	210	7,495	3,835	3,660
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	3,455	1,810	1,645	53,485	27,465	26,025
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	15	10	10	3,005	1,410	1,590
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	1,855	925	925
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	685	405	285
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	1,165	520	640
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	20	10	15	930	360	570
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	205	115	90
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	4,030	2,100	1,925	65,735	33,540	32,195
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,690	850	835	14,945	7,495	7,450
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,675	845	830	14,845	7,460	7,385
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	280	135	145	7,990	4,000	3,990
Métis	1,395	710	685	6,770	3,440	3,330
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	90	25	65
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	10	0	65	30	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	2,340	1,250	1,085	50,785	26,040	24,745
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	4,030	2,105	1,920	65,735	33,535	32,200
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	320	150	165	8,010	4,010	3,995
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	3,710	1,955	1,755	57,725	29,525	28,200
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	4,025	2,105	1,925	65,735	33,540	32,200
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	990	495	500	8,155	4,125	4,030
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	780	390	395	7,450	3,750	3,695
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	280	130	145	5,570	2,775	2,790
Métis single ancestry	505	255	245	1,875	970	905
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	205	105	100	705	375	330
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	205	105	100	705	375	330
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	10
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	680	335	345	7,450	3,755	3,695
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	555	275	280	6,745	3,430	3,320
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	425	205	215	3,570	1,850	1,725
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	70	60	3,070	1,535	1,535
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	100	40	60
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	125	60	65	705	330	375
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	120	55	60	685	315	370
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	10	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	2,360	1,280	1,080	50,125	25,650	24,475
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	4,030	2,105	1,920	65,735	33,535	32,195
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	20	10	10	4,085	2,025	2,060
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	435	245	195
Chinese	0	0	0	320	170	150
Black	0	10	0	675	360	315
Filipino	10	10	0	1,530	705	830
Latin American	0	0	10	165	55	110
Arab	0	0	0	530	285	250
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	75	35	45
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	25	25	10
Korean	0	0	0	40	30	15
Japanese	0	0	0	65	35	35
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	155	65	90
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	4,005	2,090	1,910	61,650	31,510	30,135
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	4,030	2,105	1,925	65,735	33,540	32,195
North American Aboriginal origins	1,670	830	845	15,610	7,885	7,725
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,020	500	525	10,540	5,320	5,220
Inuit	0	10	0	130	60	75
Métis	965	495	480	6,345	3,205	3,135
Other North American origins	625	340	285	18,670	9,610	9,055
Acadian	0	0	0	105	55	50
American	40	20	20	955	460	500
Canadian	600	325	275	17,830	9,195	8,635
New Brunswicker	0	0	10	0	0	10
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	30	15	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	80	55	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	10	0
European origins	2,685	1,410	1,270	44,925	22,810	22,110
British Isles origins	1,085	560	525	24,540	12,250	12,295
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	10
English	570	290	275	13,890	6,860	7,035
Irish	325	160	170	9,710	4,765	4,950
Manx	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish	520	295	225	10,175	5,145	5,025
Welsh	20	10	15	960	430	525
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	90	30	55	1,095	495	600
French origins	610	320	290	14,175	7,190	6,985
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	615	320	295	14,175	7,190	6,985
Western European origins (except French origins)	465	255	215	12,240	6,195	6,050
Austrian	30	25	10	460	260	200
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	25	10	15	295	130	165
Dutch	95	45	45	2,035	1,035	1,005
Flemish	0	0	0	40	0	35
Frisian	0	0	0	30	20	10
German	340	180	160	9,950	5,035	4,910
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swiss	0	0	10	335	190	145
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	255	140	110	5,300	2,595	2,700
Danish	50	30	20	715	315	405
Finnish	15	0	0	290	145	150
Icelandic	0	0	0	325	170	155
Norwegian	125	60	65	2,700	1,315	1,390
Swedish	45	30	15	1,425	760	660
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	20	10	210	120	90
Eastern European origins	1,335	745	590	15,445	7,955	7,490
Bulgarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	165	65	105
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	15	0	10	160	75	90
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Hungarian	15	10	10	440	235	205
Latvian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Lithuanian	10	0	10	25	20	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	0	10
Polish	285	150	135	4,345	2,240	2,105
Romanian	65	35	30	730	330	400
Russian	0	10	10	1,760	905	855
Slovak	10	0	0	110	55	55
Ukrainian	1,200	680	525	11,090	5,615	5,475
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Southern European origins	80	40	35	1,900	925	975
Albanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	90	45	45
Cypriot	0	0	0	10	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	130	65	65
Italian	55	25	30	1,140	555	590
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	50	35	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	25	55
Serbian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Spanish	0	0	0	330	155	170
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	55	30	20
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	25	0	25	210	100	110
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	0	10	35	20	15
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	0	15	170	75	95
Caribbean origins	10	0	0	325	155	170
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Bermudan	10	10	0	10	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Jamaican	0	0	0	185	90	90
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	30	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	15	10	0	370	165	200
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	20	15	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	45	30	20
Chilean	0	0	10	35	10	30
Colombian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Costa Rican	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	35	15	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	95	25	70
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	10	0	0	10	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	70	40	25
African origins	20	10	10	660	375	280
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	235	125	115
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	50	20	30
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	15	10	0
North African origins	0	0	0	75	55	20
Algerian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	40	25	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	10	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	180	120	65
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	20	20	10
Burundian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	30	25	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
South African	0	0	0	65	35	30
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	10	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	20	20	10
Other African origins	20	10	10	195	95	105
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	35	15	25
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	10	10	160	80	75
Asian origins	35	25	15	3,440	1,695	1,745
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	0	0	760	405	350
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	65	35	30
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	35	25	10
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	10	10	500	265	230
Palestinian	0	0	0	70	30	35
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	40	25	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	20	15	0
South Asian origins	0	0	0	460	245	215
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	15	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	285	160	120
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	30	25	10
Punjabi	0	0	0	40	25	20
Sinhalese	0	0	0	25	0	20
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	85	45	45
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	25	20	10	2,265	1,055	1,215
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese	10	10	0	545	260	285
Filipino	15	10	0	1,600	725	875
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Japanese	10	10	0	90	50	45
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	50	30	20
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	10	15
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	45	15	25
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	15	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	90	50	40
Australian	0	0	0	30	0	20
New Zealander	0	0	0	40	25	15
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	20	15	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maori	0	0	0	0	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
Owner	1,390	...	...	18,440	...	...
Renter	170	...	...	4,865	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	1,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	1,045	...	...
Not condominium	1,555	...	...	23,455	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	50	...	...	1,175	...	...
2 bedrooms	400	...	...	4,465	...	...
3 bedrooms	620	...	...	8,780	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	480	...	...	10,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	255	...	...	3,980	...	...
5 rooms	280	...	...	4,455	...	...
6 rooms	365	...	...	3,920	...	...
7 rooms	235	...	...	3,400	...	...
8 or more rooms	415	...	...	8,745	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.8	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
One person or fewer per room	1,525	...	...	23,945	...	...
More than 1 person per room	30	...	...	555	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
Suitable	1,480	...	...	23,510	...	...
Not suitable	80	...	...	990	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	1,560	...	...	24,500	...	...
1960 or before	295	...	...	2,735	...	...
1961 to 1980	355	...	...	6,910	...	...
1981 to 1990	320	...	...	4,220	...	...
1991 to 2000	345	...	...	3,375	...	...
2001 to 2005	70	...	...	1,810	...	...
2006 to 2010	85	...	...	2,705	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	85	...	...	2,745	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	1,265	...	...	21,805	...	...
Major repairs needed	290	...	...	2,695	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
1 household maintainer	970	...	...	14,825	...	...
2 household maintainers	555	...	...	9,195	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	30	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	1,555	...	...	24,500	...	...
15 to 24 years	40	...	...	990	...	...
25 to 34 years	180	...	...	4,725	...	...
35 to 44 years	195	...	...	4,490	...	...
45 to 54 years	295	...	...	4,760	...	...
55 to 64 years	410	...	...	4,650	...	...
65 to 74 years	230	...	...	2,820	...	...
75 to 84 years	170	...	...	1,620	...	...
85 years and over	30	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	1,270	...	...	21,770	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,080	...	...	18,200	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	190	...	...	3,570	...	...
30% to less than 100%	170	...	...	3,125	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,125	...	...	17,025	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	25.7	...	...	60.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	14.9	...	...	13.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	505	...	...	1,316	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	732	...	...	1,399	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	250,058	...	...	349,356	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	265,948	...	...	393,822	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	160	...	...	4,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	15.3	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	19.4	...	...	28.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	735	...	...	1,149	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	810	...	...	1,165	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	3,255	1,700	1,550	51,145	26,100	25,050
No certificate, diploma or degree	925	510	415	12,065	6,445	5,615
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	790	350	440	14,220	6,965	7,255
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,535	840	695	24,865	12,680	12,180
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	595	455	140	7,385	5,930	1,455
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	255	165	90	2,270	1,515	760
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	345	290	50	5,110	4,415	695
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	600	245	360	10,595	4,115	6,485
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	80	20	60	1,315	395	915
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	255	120	135	5,575	2,245	3,330
Bachelor's degree	205	90	115	4,415	1,670	2,745
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	30	25	0	325	145	185
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	140	100	35
Master's degree	20	0	15	645	305	340
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	10	0	0	50	25	20
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,125	1,115	1,005	35,395	18,150	17,245
No certificate, diploma or degree	440	265	170	5,545	3,180	2,365
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	530	245	290	9,700	4,675	5,025
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,155	610	545	20,145	10,285	9,860
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	420	315	110	5,760	4,715	1,045
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	185	115	75	1,690	1,130	560
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	240	200	35	4,065	3,580	485
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	485	200	285	8,810	3,450	5,360
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	15	40	990	325	660
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	185	75	110	4,585	1,805	2,785
Bachelor's degree	145	60	85	3,615	1,335	2,275
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	25	20	0	265	110	155
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	120	85	35
Master's degree	15	0	20	565	255	310
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	35	20	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	3,255	1,700	1,545	51,140	26,095	25,045
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,715	860	855	26,280	13,410	12,870
Education	95	25	70	2,240	625	1,615
13. Education	95	25	70	2,240	625	1,620
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	30	15	15	375	140	235
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	10	0	75	55	20
50. Visual and performing arts	30	10	15	300	85	220
Humanities	25	10	20	615	255	355
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	45	10	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	95	20	80
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	15	0	10	195	80	115
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	30	20	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	165	85	75
54. History	0	0	0	75	45	30
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	90	10	80	1,515	240	1,275
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	60	10	50
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	75	40	35
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	40	0	40	695	20	675
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	230	25	205
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	10	0	15	190	45	145
45. Social sciences	20	10	10	250	100	150
Business, management and public administration	235	60	180	3,835	915	2,920
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	40	0	35
44. Public administration and social service professions	30	10	30	420	50	370
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	205	55	150	3,380	870	2,515
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	10	435	215	225
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	0	115	35	75
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	130	60	70
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	135	90	50
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	55	25	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	10	10	370	165	205
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	10	320	160	165
25. Library science	0	0	0	25	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	25	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	530	500	30	8,760	8,025	730
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	55	30	15
14. Engineering	15	10	10	610	485	130
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	90	75	20	1,285	1,075	210
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	180	170	0	2,175	2,075	100
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	180	175	0	3,615	3,400	215
48. Precision production	65	70	0	1,020	955	65
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	125	85	40	990	555	435
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	90	75	20	550	310	240
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	10	20	440	245	195
Health and related fields	200	25	175	3,595	460	3,140
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	20	0	10	170	70	100
51. Health professions and related programs	185	20	160	3,405	375	3,030
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	20	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	175	100	65	2,125	1,080	1,045
12. Personal and culinary services	85	25	60	1,090	230	860
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	15	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	65	60	10
43. Security and protective services	15	10	0	375	265	110
49. Transportation and materials moving	65	60	0	580	505	75
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,125	1,120	1,005	35,395	18,145	17,245
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	970	510	460	15,250	7,855	7,395
Education	80	15	60	1,620	385	1,240
13. Education	75	15	60	1,620	390	1,235
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	10	295	100	195
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	55	45	10
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	245	60	180
Humanities	15	10	15	475	185	295
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	40	10	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	10	90	15	70
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	160	65	95
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	15	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	105	60	45
54. History	0	0	0	55	25	25
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	10	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	70	10	65	1,340	205	1,135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	10	55	10	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	60	35	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	35	0	35	630	20	615
22. Legal professions and studies	0	10	0	210	20	190
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	15	0	10
42. Psychology	10	0	10	175	45	130
45. Social sciences	10	0	0	195	80	115
Business, management and public administration	185	40	140	3,250	800	2,455
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	30	0	30
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	10	20	380	40	335
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	155	35	115	2,845	755	2,085
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	0	375	195	180
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	115	40	70
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	95	55	40
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	120	80	35
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	15	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	10	340	155	185
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	305	145	160
25. Library science	10	0	0	15	0	15
27. Mathematics and statistics	10	0	0	25	10	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	385	365	25	7,165	6,570	595
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	50	30	15
14. Engineering	10	10	0	520	410	110
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	70	55	15	1,100	915	185
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	135	135	0	1,740	1,660	80
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	120	115	0	2,925	2,760	170
48. Precision production	50	55	0	830	790	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	105	75	30	770	440	335
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	80	65	15	425	240	185
03. Natural resources and conservation	30	10	15	350	200	145
Health and related fields	160	15	140	2,855	385	2,470
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	135	55	75
51. Health professions and related programs	150	20	130	2,700	320	2,380
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	20	10	10
Personal, protective and transportation services	130	75	55	1,655	865	785
12. Personal and culinary services	65	25	45	795	175	620
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	55	55	10
43. Security and protective services	15	10	10	310	215	90
49. Transportation and materials moving	50	45	0	480	410	70
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	3,250	1,700	1,550	51,145	26,095	25,050
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,720	860	855	26,280	13,410	12,870
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,535	840	695	24,865	12,685	12,180
Location of study inside Canada	1,505	825	680	22,985	11,845	11,140
Same as province or territory of residence	1,375	775	600	17,520	9,195	8,320
Different than province or territory of residence	130	50	85	5,470	2,650	2,820
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	30	15	10	1,880	840	1,035
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	10	10	380	215	175
Philippines	10	0	10	755	265	485
India	0	0	0	55	35	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	130	60	70
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	35	10	25
France	0	0	0	20	0	10
Other	0	0	0	505	245	260
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,125	1,115	1,005	35,395	18,145	17,250
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	970	510	460	15,250	7,855	7,390
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,155	610	545	20,145	10,290	9,855
Location of study inside Canada	1,130	595	530	18,505	9,565	8,940
Same as province or territory of residence	1,060	575	485	13,875	7,330	6,540
Different than province or territory of residence	75	25	45	4,635	2,235	2,400
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	25	10	10	1,640	725	920
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	20	10	10	275	140	135
Philippines	0	0	10	710	250	460
India	0	0	0	45	35	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	100	50	50
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	30	10	20
France	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other	0	0	0	460	230	225
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	3,250	1,705	1,550	51,145	26,095	25,050
In the labour force	2,065	1,170	895	36,230	20,010	16,215
Employed	1,770	955	815	32,260	17,480	14,775
Unemployed	295	220	75	3,965	2,530	1,440
Not in the labour force	1,190	530	655	14,915	6,085	8,830
Participation rate	63.5	68.6	57.7	70.8	76.7	64.7
Employment rate	54.5	56.0	52.6	63.1	67.0	59.0
Unemployment rate	14.3	18.8	8.4	10.9	12.6	8.9
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	3,250	1,700	1,550	51,145	26,100	25,050
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	1,035	445	585	13,045	5,085	7,960
Worked	2,220	1,255	960	38,095	21,010	17,085
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,055	650	410	18,510	11,075	7,435
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,160	605	555	19,590	9,940	9,650
Average weeks worked in reference year	41.5	41.5	41.5	41.8	42.2	41.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,065	1,175	890	36,230	20,010	16,215
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	40	25	15	645	335	310
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,025	1,140	880	35,580	19,675	15,905
Employee	1,530	795	735	30,250	16,175	14,075
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	495	350	145	5,335	3,505	1,830
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,065	1,170	890	36,230	20,010	16,215
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	30	10	645	335	315
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,025	1,140	880	35,580	19,675	15,910
0 Management occupations	430	290	135	4,190	2,725	1,465
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	205	25	180	4,455	685	3,770
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	100	70	30	1,620	1,135	480
3 Health occupations	85	0	85	1,925	265	1,660
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	170	40	130	4,075	1,520	2,555
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	20	10	10	420	120	300
6 Sales and service occupations	275	75	205	6,765	2,350	4,415
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	550	510	40	7,990	7,300	685
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	150	95	50	2,465	2,100	360
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	45	35	10	1,690	1,475	215
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,065	1,170	895	36,230	20,010	16,215
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	35	25	15	650	335	310
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,025	1,145	880	35,585	19,675	15,905
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	400	295	110	2,085	1,430	665
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	150	130	25	5,395	4,395	1,000
22 Utilities	15	10	0	185	160	25
23 Construction	270	235	30	3,615	3,035	575
31-33 Manufacturing	35	25	10	910	655	255
41 Wholesale trade	25	15	10	665	465	205
44-45 Retail trade	155	55	100	3,380	1,375	2,000
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	120	95	25	1,670	1,220	450
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	0	245	135	110
52 Finance and insurance	25	10	15	660	115	550
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	20	10	10	390	195	200
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	65	45	25	1,210	605	605
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	40	20	25
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	70	25	45	1,255	670	590
61 Educational services	135	30	105	2,465	645	1,820
62 Health care and social assistance	190	15	180	3,535	415	3,120
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	45	15	35	530	215	310
72 Accommodation and food services	50	20	35	1,855	710	1,140
81 Other services (except public administration)	70	45	25	1,655	835	820
91 Public administration	180	80	100	3,830	2,385	1,445
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	1,770	955	815	32,260	17,475	14,780
Worked at home	415	260	155	3,035	1,555	1,475
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	45	35	10
No fixed workplace address	325	270	50	5,865	4,735	1,125
Worked at usual place	1,025	420	610	23,320	11,155	12,165
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,030	415	610	23,320	11,155	12,165
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	415	160	255	12,830	5,840	6,990
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	290	95	190	8,615	4,140	4,475
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	325	165	160	1,715	1,075	645
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	10	155	95	60
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	1,350	690	660	29,185	15,885	13,295
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,170	590	580	24,680	13,470	11,205
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	80	40	45	2,030	1,075	950
Public transit	50	35	20	610	430	185
Walked	15	10	0	1,460	645	815
Bicycle	0	0	0	145	110	40
Other method	30	20	10	260	155	105
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	1,350	685	660	29,180	15,885	13,295
Less than 15 minutes	365	155	210	13,130	6,110	7,020
15 to 29 minutes	360	155	205	7,450	3,735	3,715
30 to 44 minutes	270	130	140	3,800	2,365	1,430
45 to 59 minutes	85	45	45	1,775	1,250	525
60 minutes and over	265	205	65	3,030	2,425	605
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	1,350	690	660	29,180	15,885	13,295
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	135	110	30	2,805	2,285	525
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	255	160	95	5,950	4,180	1,775
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	385	180	205	8,355	4,475	3,885
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	310	95	210	6,175	2,100	4,080
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	75	25	45	2,100	750	1,350
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	195	115	80	3,790	2,105	1,690
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,295	1,290	1,005	39,115	21,405	17,710
Single responses	2,285	1,285	1,000	38,920	21,305	17,615
Official languages	2,280	1,280	1,000	38,855	21,270	17,585
English	2,280	1,285	995	38,540	21,170	17,370
French	0	0	0	315	100	215
Non-official languages	0	0	0	70	35	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	40	15	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	25
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	10	30	25	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	0	0	10	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	10	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	10	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10	0	0	190	100	95
English and French	10	10	0	110	60	50
English and non-official language	0	0	10	80	40	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,295	1,290	1,005	39,115	21,410	17,705
None	2,245	1,270	975	36,750	20,240	16,515
English	0	0	0	255	90	165
French	0	0	0	1,335	695	645
Non-official language	45	20	30	765	380	380
Aboriginal	25	10	15	485	225	255
Non-Aboriginal	20	10	10	280	155	125
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	3,980	2,085	1,895	64,755	32,995	31,760
Non-movers	3,635	1,915	1,720	56,510	29,075	27,435
Movers	345	165	180	8,245	3,915	4,325
Non-migrants	135	70	70	4,265	2,025	2,240
Migrants	210	100	110	3,980	1,895	2,085
Internal migrants	205	100	105	3,745	1,810	1,935
Intraprovincial migrants	180	90	95	2,655	1,285	1,375
Interprovincial migrants	25	10	15	1,085	525	560
External migrants	0	0	0	230	85	150
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	3,780	1,985	1,790	60,795	31,000	29,795
Non-movers	2,845	1,490	1,355	37,445	19,260	18,185
Movers	935	500	435	23,350	11,740	11,610
Non-migrants	305	180	125	10,385	5,335	5,050
Migrants	630	320	305	12,965	6,405	6,560
Internal migrants	590	315	280	11,565	5,775	5,790
Intraprovincial migrants	505	270	235	6,740	3,310	3,430
Interprovincial migrants	85	45	45	4,825	2,465	2,365
External migrants	35	10	30	1,395	625	770

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Smoky Lake County, MD [Census subdivision], Alberta and Division No. 12, CDR [Census division], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Smoky Lake County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta and Division No. 12, Census division [Census division], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Smoky Lake County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta and Division No. 12, Census division [Census division], Alberta

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Smoky Lake County, Municipal district [Census subdivision], Alberta and Division No. 12, Census division [Census division], Alberta