Census Profile, 2016 Census
Summerland, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sainte-Catherine, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Summerland, DM British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Sainte-Catherine, V Quebec [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Summerland, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Summerland, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Sainte-Catherine, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	11,615	...	...	17,047	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	11,280	...	...	16,762	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.0	...	...	1.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	5,240	...	...	6,845	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,938	...	...	6,751	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	156.8	...	...	1,809.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	74.08	...	...	9.42	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	11,615	5,450	6,170	17,050	8,340	8,705
0 to 14 years	1,430	685	745	2,835	1,460	1,375
0 to 4 years	405	175	230	900	460	440
5 to 9 years	470	245	225	950	500	450
10 to 14 years	555	265	290	985	500	485
15 to 64 years	6,665	3,150	3,510	11,740	5,830	5,905
15 to 19 years	570	280	290	1,115	575	535
20 to 24 years	410	210	205	1,135	600	535
25 to 29 years	360	185	180	900	480	420
30 to 34 years	505	225	280	970	455	515
35 to 39 years	495	250	245	1,130	565	570
40 to 44 years	575	265	305	1,175	565	610
45 to 49 years	620	290	325	1,405	670	735
50 to 54 years	890	390	500	1,530	760	770
55 to 59 years	1,085	490	595	1,395	700	695
60 to 64 years	1,155	560	595	985	460	525
65 years and over	3,520	1,615	1,910	2,470	1,050	1,430
65 to 69 years	1,110	535	575	800	375	430
70 to 74 years	735	355	380	580	275	305
75 to 79 years	610	285	320	430	155	270
80 to 84 years	455	230	230	355	150	200
85 years and over	620	215	405	310	90	225
85 to 89 years	355	135	225	230	70	160
90 to 94 years	200	65	135	60	15	50
95 to 99 years	55	15	40	20	5	10
100 years and over	5	0	5	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	12.3	12.6	12.1	16.6	17.5	15.8
15 to 64 years	57.4	57.8	56.9	68.9	69.9	67.8
65 years and over	30.3	29.6	31.0	14.5	12.6	16.4
85 years and over	5.3	3.9	6.6	1.8	1.1	2.6
Average age of the population	49.8	49.2	50.4	40.5	39.1	41.7
Median age of the population	54.8	54.4	55.1	41.9	40.3	43.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,935	...	...	6,755	...	...
Single-detached house	3,540	...	...	3,835	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	145	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,260	...	...	2,775	...	...
Semi-detached house	155	...	...	435	...	...
Row house	320	...	...	210	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	225	...	...	270	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	530	...	...	1,850	...	...
Other single-attached house	25	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	145	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,935	...	...	6,750	...	...
1 person	1,350	...	...	1,710	...	...
2 persons	2,205	...	...	2,265	...	...
3 persons	605	...	...	1,300	...	...
4 persons	515	...	...	1,050	...	...
5 or more persons	265	...	...	425	...	...
Number of persons in private households	11,095	...	...	16,665	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	10,185	4,760	5,420	14,210	6,880	7,330
Married or living common law	6,525	3,250	3,275	8,240	4,115	4,125
Married	5,640	2,810	2,825	4,630	2,320	2,310
Living common law	885	440	450	3,605	1,795	1,815
Not married and not living common law	3,660	1,515	2,145	5,975	2,765	3,210
Never married	1,765	925	840	4,085	2,205	1,880
Separated	255	125	135	195	80	110
Divorced	750	270	480	920	335	585
Widowed	885	195	695	780	145	640
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,525	...	...	4,940	...	...
2 persons	2,305	...	...	2,325	...	...
3 persons	540	...	...	1,245	...	...
4 persons	495	...	...	1,035	...	...
5 or more persons	180	...	...	335	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,520	...	...	4,940	...	...
Total couple families	3,150	...	...	4,035	...	...
Married couples	2,710	...	...	2,240	...	...
Common-law couples	445	...	...	1,795	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	370	...	...	905	...	...
Female parent	295	...	...	640	...	...
Male parent	80	...	...	265	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	3,155	...	...	4,035	...	...
Couples without children	2,060	...	...	1,780	...	...
Couples with children	1,090	...	...	2,260	...	...
1 child	445	...	...	955	...	...
2 children	475	...	...	980	...	...
3 or more children	175	...	...	320	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	370	...	...	905	...	...
1 child	245	...	...	545	...	...
2 children	95	...	...	290	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,905	790	1,110	2,370	1,090	1,275
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,935	...	...	6,755	...	...
One-census-family households	3,375	...	...	4,810	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,985	...	...	1,720	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	1,395	...	...	3,095	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	75	...	...	60	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,485	...	...	1,875	...	...
One-person households	1,350	...	...	1,710	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	140	...	...	165	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	11,325	5,360	5,960	16,980	8,320	8,655
English only	10,505	5,025	5,480	200	100	100
French only	5	0	0	8,760	4,000	4,760
English and French	775	315	460	7,980	4,200	3,775
Neither English nor French	45	20	30	45	20	20
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	11,325	5,360	5,960	16,985	8,320	8,655
English	11,090	5,250	5,835	820	410	410
French	170	85	80	15,780	7,715	8,060
English and French	25	5	20	350	180	170
Neither English nor French	45	20	30	35	15	25
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	180	85	95	995	500	490
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.6	1.6	1.6	5.9	6.0	5.7
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	11,325	5,360	5,965	16,980	8,320	8,655
Single responses	11,250	5,330	5,920	16,680	8,170	8,505
Official languages	10,100	4,785	5,310	15,580	7,615	7,960
English	9,920	4,700	5,220	630	315	320
French	185	90	95	14,950	7,305	7,645
Non-official languages	1,150	545	605	1,100	550	545
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,145	540	605	1,100	555	545
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	15	165	80	85
Berber languages	0	0	0	35	20	20
Kabyle	0	0	0	25	20	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	130	65	65
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	10	125	65	65
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	5	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	15	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	35	10	20	15	10	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	30	5	20	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	5	0	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	5	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	940	450	490	745	375	370
Albanian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	135	60	80	120	55	60
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	135	65	75	115	55	60
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	15	5	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	30	15	15	30	10	15
Russian	15	5	10	70	35	35
Serbian	10	5	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	5
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	20	15	0	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	535	250	280	15	10	10
Afrikaans	10	5	10	0	0	0
Danish	25	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	105	55	45	0	5	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	375	175	200	5	0	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	5	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	20	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	140	70	70	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	135	65	70	15	5	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	0	0	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	115	50	60	10	5	5
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	5	5	5	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	5	15	10	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	15	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	120	70	60	555	280	275
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	35	25	45	30	20
Portuguese	30	20	10	65	30	35
Romanian	0	0	0	130	70	60
Spanish	30	15	20	310	150	160
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	25	10	20	5	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	5	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	45	25	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	5	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	5	5
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	15	15	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25	15	15	55	30	25
Chinese languages	25	15	15	60	30	30
Cantonese	25	15	10	10	5	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	35	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	5	0	20	10	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	25	30	5	0	5
Estonian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	25	20	5	5	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	80	30	45	305	155	150
English and French	25	5	10	155	80	80
English and non-official language	55	20	35	20	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	105	50	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	25	10	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	11,325	5,360	5,960	16,980	8,325	8,660
Single responses	11,185	5,300	5,885	16,470	8,080	8,395
Official languages	10,870	5,155	5,710	15,935	7,810	8,125
English	10,820	5,130	5,690	685	345	345
French	45	20	25	15,240	7,460	7,785
Non-official languages	315	145	170	545	270	270
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	315	150	170	540	270	270
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	10	75	40	40
Berber languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	10	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	55	30	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	5	55	30	25
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	5	10	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	10	5	5
Malay	0	0	0	0	5	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	245	110	135	385	195	190
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	20	10	10	70	30	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	20	10	10	75	30	40
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Croatian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	5	5	10	5	5
Russian	0	0	0	50	25	25
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	95	45	50	0	0	5
Afrikaans	5	0	5	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	75	40	35	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	45	55	10	5	5
Indo-Aryan languages	100	50	60	5	0	5
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	95	45	50	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	5	0	0	0	5	5
Iranian languages	0	5	5	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	10	20	290	150	135
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	5	5	5	5
Portuguese	5	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Spanish	15	10	5	170	90	80
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	5	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	5	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	10	0	5	45	20	20
Chinese languages	5	5	5	45	20	25
Cantonese	10	5	5	0	5	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	30	15	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	140	60	80	510	240	260
English and French	10	5	5	170	85	90
English and non-official language	135	55	75	40	15	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	250	125	125
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	50	20	25
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	11,325	5,360	5,960	16,980	8,325	8,655
None	10,735	5,110	5,625	14,935	7,305	7,625
English	180	85	95	1,110	550	560
French	85	35	50	540	270	265
Non-official language	315	130	185	305	145	165
Aboriginal	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	315	130	190	310	145	165
English and French	0	0	5	35	15	15
English and non-official language	5	0	0	40	25	15
French and non-official language	5	0	0	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,675	4,585	5,085	13,830	6,770	7,055
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,455	4,495	4,965	13,290	6,520	6,775
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,494	40,896	27,334	38,211	44,533	32,057
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,470	4,500	4,970	13,295	6,520	6,775
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,487	36,104	25,216	33,339	37,696	28,791
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	8,680	4,180	4,505	12,280	6,170	6,110
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,036	35,744	22,603	35,007	42,350	28,369
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,880	3,010	3,870	9,510	4,185	5,325
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,022	10,912	8,088	5,649	4,414	6,749
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	6,540	3,235	3,310	10,630	5,425	5,205
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,399	32,747	21,328	37,256	44,077	31,098
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	9,675	4,585	5,090	13,830	6,775	7,060
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,465	4,495	4,970	13,305	6,550	6,755
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,941	51,868	36,770	42,949	49,056	37,024
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,480	4,500	4,980	13,310	6,550	6,760
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,903	42,458	31,883	35,404	39,655	31,284
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	8,755	4,190	4,560	12,360	6,195	6,165
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,325	48,428	32,874	40,061	46,898	33,192
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,970	3,075	3,900	9,535	4,195	5,340
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,043	9,814	8,435	7,988	7,344	8,494
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	6,540	3,210	3,335	10,635	5,425	5,210
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,652	43,809	29,770	41,709	47,958	35,194
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	9,670	4,585	5,085	13,830	6,775	7,055
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	2,355	1,310	1,045	5,175	2,745	2,430
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,126	59,906	45,985	49,288	54,613	42,695
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	59,450	67,201	49,694	54,198	60,956	46,553
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.7	87.5	81.0	86.7	90.4	81.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	59.6	62.2	56.0	77.1	80.2	73.1
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.3	12.5	19.1	13.3	9.6	18.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	9,675	4,585	5,090	13,830	6,770	7,055
Without total income	215	90	125	540	255	280
With total income	9,455	4,495	4,960	13,290	6,520	6,775
Percentage with total income	97.7	98.0	97.4	96.1	96.3	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,180	470	715	1,350	520	830
$10,000 to $19,999	1,730	660	1,070	2,005	765	1,240
$20,000 to $29,999	1,480	575	900	1,880	750	1,130
$30,000 to $39,999	1,170	485	685	1,730	840	890
$40,000 to $49,999	1,065	545	525	1,715	845	870
$50,000 to $59,999	770	425	345	1,435	775	650
$60,000 to $69,999	550	335	215	1,015	600	415
$70,000 to $79,999	400	260	145	755	455	300
$80,000 to $89,999	315	185	125	515	335	180
$90,000 to $99,999	205	125	85	305	210	95
$100,000 and over	595	435	160	590	430	165
$100,000 to $149,999	415	300	110	475	345	130
$150,000 and over	175	130	50	120	85	35
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,670	4,585	5,085	13,830	6,775	7,055
Without after-tax income	200	85	120	530	255	280
With after-tax income	9,465	4,500	4,970	13,300	6,520	6,775
Percentage with after-tax income	97.9	98.1	97.7	96.2	96.2	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,280	500	770	1,395	530	865
$10,000 to $19,999	1,815	695	1,120	2,155	830	1,325
$20,000 to $29,999	1,725	705	1,020	2,325	980	1,340
$30,000 to $39,999	1,415	630	780	2,430	1,210	1,220
$40,000 to $49,999	1,070	585	485	1,995	1,085	910
$50,000 to $59,999	710	425	285	1,360	800	565
$60,000 to $69,999	505	320	185	815	515	295
$70,000 to $79,999	335	205	130	410	275	130
$80,000 and over	615	435	185	415	295	115
$80,000 to $89,999	210	135	70	175	125	50
$90,000 to $99,999	120	90	25	80	60	20
$100,000 and over	290	210	80	155	115	40
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	9,670	4,580	5,085	13,830	6,775	7,055
Without employment income	3,130	1,355	1,780	3,195	1,345	1,850
With employment income	6,540	3,230	3,310	10,630	5,430	5,205
Percentage with employment income	67.6	70.5	65.1	76.9	80.1	73.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	1,490	705	790	1,000	475	530
$5,000 to $9,999	510	220	285	750	295	455
$10,000 to $19,999	885	360	520	1,430	600	830
$20,000 to $29,999	680	260	420	1,230	515	710
$30,000 to $39,999	600	270	325	1,290	565	730
$40,000 to $49,999	555	250	305	1,265	635	625
$50,000 to $59,999	445	245	195	1,035	595	440
$60,000 to $69,999	340	205	135	840	510	335
$70,000 to $79,999	275	180	105	645	400	245
$80,000 and over	765	535	225	1,145	835	315
$80,000 to $89,999	220	140	85	390	285	110
$90,000 to $99,999	140	90	55	255	175	85
$100,000 and over	400	310	85	500	375	120
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,935	...	...	6,750	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,461	...	...	76,090	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,240	...	...	63,947	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,350	...	...	1,710	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,391	...	...	39,424	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,648	...	...	33,849	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,585	...	...	5,040	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,102	...	...	90,566	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,704	...	...	76,120	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,940	...	...	6,750	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	84,231	...	...	84,629	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,840	...	...	69,798	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,350	...	...	1,710	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,567	...	...	43,686	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,446	...	...	36,020	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,595	...	...	5,040	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,595	...	...	98,541	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,480	...	...	81,276	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,940	...	...	6,755	...	...
Under $5,000	60	...	...	25	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	105	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	225	...	...	175	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	260	...	...	240	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	190	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	285	...	...	270	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	225	...	...	285	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	250	...	...	315	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	210	...	...	290	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	385	...	...	590	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	365	...	...	520	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	335	...	...	555	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	305	...	...	525	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	300	...	...	450	...	...
$100,000 and over	1,390	...	...	2,180	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	540	...	...	920	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	300	...	...	555	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	330	...	...	505	...	...
$200,000 and over	220	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,935	...	...	6,750	...	...
Under $5,000	75	...	...	30	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	110	...	...	100	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	230	...	...	190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	290	...	...	270	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	230	...	...	250	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	290	...	...	350	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	305	...	...	375	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	260	...	...	375	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	235	...	...	400	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	465	...	...	715	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	410	...	...	690	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	385	...	...	635	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	320	...	...	550	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	305	...	...	465	...	...
$100,000 and over	965	...	...	1,315	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	445	...	...	725	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	235	...	...	350	...	...
$150,000 and over	285	...	...	240	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,500	...	...	4,930	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,330	...	...	90,197	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,006	...	...	75,803	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,945	...	...	1,675	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,182	...	...	74,468	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,213	...	...	62,891	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,100	...	...	2,270	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	111,872	...	...	114,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,488	...	...	94,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	345	...	...	880	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,427	...	...	61,781	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,904	...	...	54,176	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,485	...	...	4,955	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	100,646	...	...	97,920	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,400	...	...	80,734	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,940	...	...	1,650	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,950	...	...	80,029	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,197	...	...	66,511	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,105	...	...	2,280	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	137,096	...	...	120,896	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,635	...	...	99,193	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	350	...	...	875	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,815	...	...	73,671	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	51,592	...	...	60,956	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,685	715	975	2,095	975	1,120
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,704	31,552	27,568	37,541	42,517	31,808
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,576	28,576	25,664	32,595	36,016	28,459
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,695	745	950	2,000	900	1,100
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	38,468	43,439	34,568	42,988	47,077	39,647
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,857	35,424	30,843	35,521	38,226	33,310
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	11,095	5,265	5,835	16,665	8,235	8,430
In the bottom half of the distribution	5,600	2,550	3,050	7,935	3,745	4,190
In the bottom decile	955	435	520	625	285	345
In the second decile	1,200	500	700	1,235	505	725
In the third decile	1,080	485	600	1,730	810	920
In the fourth decile	1,070	505	560	2,155	1,060	1,095
In the fifth decile	1,300	625	675	2,185	1,090	1,095
In the top half of the distribution	5,495	2,715	2,775	8,735	4,490	4,245
In the sixth decile	1,285	625	660	2,525	1,255	1,270
In the seventh decile	1,165	560	605	2,225	1,160	1,065
In the eighth decile	1,150	565	585	1,970	1,025	945
In the ninth decile	990	500	490	1,410	730	675
In the top decile	900	465	435	605	315	290
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	11,095	5,265	5,830	16,665	8,235	8,430
0 to 17 years	1,765	835	935	3,455	1,775	1,690
0 to 5 years	470	205	265	1,070	540	535
18 to 64 years	6,235	2,945	3,290	11,105	5,515	5,590
65 years and over	3,095	1,485	1,610	2,105	950	1,155
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,555	685	870	1,175	485	695
0 to 17 years	310	150	160	245	120	120
0 to 5 years	90	35	55	80	35	45
18 to 64 years	800	360	440	650	285	360
65 years and over	450	175	270	280	75	205
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.0	13.0	14.9	7.1	5.9	8.2
0 to 17 years (%)	17.6	18.0	17.1	7.1	6.8	7.1
0 to 5 years (%)	19.1	17.1	20.8	7.5	6.5	8.4
18 to 64 years (%)	12.8	12.2	13.4	5.9	5.2	6.4
65 years and over (%)	14.5	11.8	16.8	13.3	7.9	17.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	585	290	300	835	360	480
0 to 17 years	115	60	55	150	70	75
0 to 5 years	40	15	25	50	20	25
18 to 64 years	415	205	205	525	245	280
65 years and over	60	25	35	165	35	125
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.3	5.5	5.1	5.0	4.4	5.7
0 to 17 years (%)	6.5	7.2	5.9	4.3	3.9	4.4
0 to 5 years (%)	8.5	7.3	9.4	4.7	3.7	4.7
18 to 64 years (%)	6.7	7.0	6.2	4.7	4.4	5.0
65 years and over (%)	1.9	1.7	2.2	7.8	3.7	10.8
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	11,100	5,260	5,830	16,665	8,235	8,430
Official languages	11,065	5,260	5,810	16,615	8,210	8,405
English	11,065	5,255	5,810	8,100	4,305	3,795
French	765	310	455	16,425	8,110	8,320
Non-official languages	1,440	645	795	1,820	870	950
Aboriginal languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,420	635	785	1,825	875	950
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	245	110	135
Berber languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kabyle	0	0	0	15	10	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	10	230	110	120
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	220	100	120
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	20	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	10	20	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	60	20	40	45	35	15
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	40	25	10
Malay	15	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	45	15	30	10	10	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	65	35	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	30	30
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,245	555	685	1,245	600	640
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	170	70	100	220	105	120
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	165	75	100	225	105	120
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	20	10	10
Croatian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	15	10	0	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	15	40	50	20	30
Russian	25	15	0	155	65	85
Serbian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	15	10	10	10	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	620	285	335	55	20	30
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Dutch	120	70	50	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	480	210	275	40	20	25
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	10	0	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	150	70	75	30	15	20
Indo-Aryan languages	145	75	75	10	10	10
Bengali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hindi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	105	50	55	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	30	15	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	10	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	340	130	210	955	470	485
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	75	35	40	115	65	50
Portuguese	30	10	25	85	60	30
Romanian	0	0	0	115	65	50
Spanish	240	95	150	675	295	375
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	10	25	15	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	40	25	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	10	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	20	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	40	20	15
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	20	15	0	105	45	55
Chinese languages	20	15	0	105	45	60
Cantonese	20	10	10	30	15	15
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	0	0	70	30	45
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	20	10	15
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	15	30	15	10	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	15	25	15	10	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	11,095	5,265	5,835	16,665	8,235	8,430
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	10,735	5,085	5,650	16,430	8,125	8,310
Canadian citizens aged under 18	1,740	830	915	3,370	1,690	1,675
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	8,990	4,255	4,730	13,065	6,435	6,630
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	365	185	185	235	110	125
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	11,095	5,265	5,830	16,665	8,235	8,430
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	9,640	4,570	5,075	15,380	7,625	7,755
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	1,400	665	740	1,255	595	655
Before 1981	820	410	410	235	115	120
1981 to 1990	190	90	100	175	80	100
1991 to 2000	135	60	75	270	135	135
2001 to 2010	190	75	115	480	225	250
2001 to 2005	105	35	70	230	110	125
2006 to 2010	85	40	45	245	120	135
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	65	20	40	100	50	55
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	50	30	20	30	15	20
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	1,400	665	740	1,250	595	655
Under 5 years	160	60	95	160	70	85
5 to 14 years	295	170	125	235	110	120
15 to 24 years	325	150	170	165	95	65
25 to 44 years	505	230	270	640	295	350
45 years and over	120	50	75	60	25	30
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,400	665	740	1,255	600	655
Americas	180	70	110	325	145	180
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	10	35	10	25
El Salvador	10	10	0	10	0	0
Guyana	0	0	0	20	0	15
Haiti	0	0	0	35	15	15
Jamaica	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mexico	20	0	15	15	10	10
Peru	0	0	0	20	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	115	50	70	40	20	15
Other places of birth in Americas	15	0	15	155	75	80
Europe	960	455	505	400	200	200
Bosnia and Herzegovina	10	10	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	10	0	0	0	0
France	20	10	15	90	45	50
Germany	170	75	90	15	10	0
Greece	10	10	0	10	10	0
Hungary	25	10	20	0	0	10
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italy	25	20	0	30	25	0
Netherlands	80	50	35	0	0	0
Poland	55	15	35	30	15	20
Portugal	20	10	15	45	25	20
Romania	0	0	0	70	40	30
Russian Federation	0	0	0	30	15	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	0	0	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	345	175	170	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	170	70	100	75	30	50
Africa	20	10	15	320	170	150
Algeria	0	0	0	105	45	55
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	70	35	40
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	10	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	140	90	55
Asia	205	110	100	200	75	125
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	10	10	45	15	40
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	10	0
India	75	30	40	10	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	20	0	10	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	20	0	20
Pakistan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Philippines	45	15	30	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	15	10	15
Other places of birth in Asia	25	25	0	45	25	25
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	65	20	40	100	45	55
Americas	0	0	0	15	0	15
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	30	15	15
France	0	0	0	10	10	10
Germany	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Africa	0	0	0	45	30	15
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	15	0
Asia	55	10	45	10	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	45	15	30	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	11,095	5,265	5,835	16,665	8,235	8,430
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	1,540	720	825	1,305	620	680
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	2,390	1,135	1,255	1,215	585	630
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	7,160	3,405	3,760	14,145	7,025	7,120
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	615	270	345	1,030	490	540
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	275	140	135	615	320	295
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	130	75	60	280	185	95
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	145	65	80	340	135	200
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	295	115	180	215	80	140
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	40	20	25	185	85	105
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	10	0	10	15	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	11,100	5,265	5,835	16,665	8,235	8,430
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	605	285	320	340	190	155
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	575	280	295	315	175	135
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	250	125	130	200	120	80
Métis	305	150	160	115	60	60
Inuk (Inuit)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	10,485	4,975	5,515	16,325	8,050	8,275
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	11,100	5,265	5,830	16,670	8,235	8,430
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	145	55	90	120	50	75
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	10,950	5,210	5,740	16,545	8,185	8,360
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	11,095	5,265	5,835	16,665	8,235	8,430
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	90	35	55	160	75	85
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	85	30	55	160	75	85
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	30	10	20	120	60	65
Métis single ancestry	60	20	40	30	15	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	10	0	0	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	645	305	340	635	260	370
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	625	290	330	625	250	375
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	290	120	170	530	205	330
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	315	155	160	90	50	45
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	20	15	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	10,360	4,925	5,435	15,870	7,900	7,970
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	11,095	5,265	5,830	16,665	8,235	8,430
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	435	185	245	1,190	585	600
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	170	80	85	20	10	15
Chinese	60	30	30	150	65	85
Black	25	10	20	375	195	175
Filipino	45	15	30	25	10	15
Latin American	40	20	20	235	125	110
Arab	10	10	0	255	115	140
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	15	10	15	30	10	20
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	65	25	45	30	10	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	10	10	0	15	10	10
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	10,660	5,075	5,585	15,480	7,650	7,830
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	11,095	5,265	5,835	16,665	8,235	8,430
North American Aboriginal origins	735	340	395	795	335	460
First Nations (North American Indian)	345	150	190	665	275	395
Inuit	15	15	10	0	0	0
Métis	400	195	205	135	70	70
Other North American origins	2,690	1,250	1,440	11,755	5,745	6,005
Acadian	0	0	0	45	25	25
American	160	80	85	70	25	45
Canadian	2,580	1,195	1,385	11,360	5,550	5,810
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	45	30	20	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	455	240	215
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	9,755	4,620	5,135	6,360	3,115	3,245
British Isles origins	6,570	3,090	3,485	1,580	650	935
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	0	0	0	0
English	4,385	1,960	2,425	360	125	235
Irish	2,165	1,020	1,145	985	410	580
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	2,740	1,310	1,430	415	170	245
Welsh	445	225	225	10	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	380	185	195	30	15	20
French origins	1,360	620	745	4,365	2,165	2,200
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	35	30	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	1,365	620	745	4,330	2,140	2,190
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,365	1,625	1,740	365	145	215
Austrian	260	135	125	15	10	0
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	40	25	15	70	35	35
Dutch	825	415	405	30	10	25
Flemish	10	10	0	0	10	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,415	1,145	1,265	260	100	160
Luxembourger	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swiss	140	75	70	10	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,370	565	805	20	15	0
Danish	255	125	130	10	0	10
Finnish	155	60	95	10	0	0
Icelandic	110	30	85	0	0	0
Norwegian	605	240	365	0	0	0
Swedish	420	190	230	10	10	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	25	10	25	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,860	865	990	440	215	225
Bulgarian	10	0	10	20	15	0
Byelorussian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Czech	90	50	40	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	20	0	10	10	0	0
Estonian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	180	75	105	50	15	35
Latvian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	20	10	10
Moldovan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Polish	485	205	285	150	75	80
Romanian	60	30	35	115	60	50
Russian	355	160	190	70	30	35
Slovak	60	30	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	755	370	385	65	25	35
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	0	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	640	310	325	900	470	425
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	80	25	55	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	45	25	15	55	25	25
Italian	325	165	160	620	310	305
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	85	45	45	155	105	50
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	95	40	55	100	50	50
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	30	20	15	0	10	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	85	20	65	55	15	35
Basque	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jewish	55	15	40	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	35	10	25	25	0	20
Caribbean origins	25	0	25	195	105	95
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	35	15	15
Dominican	0	0	0	20	15	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	95	35	60
Jamaican	10	0	10	0	10	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	10	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	20	10	15	10	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	85	40	45	395	220	175
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	35	25	15
Brazilian	0	0	10	10	0	0
Chilean	10	10	0	60	20	40
Colombian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	45	30	20
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	50	20	30	45	25	20
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	25	20	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Salvadorean	10	10	0	45	35	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	25	20	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	40	15	25	460	215	240
Central and West African origins	10	0	10	115	70	45
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	15	10	10
Cameroonian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	30	25	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	10	10	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	220	90	130
Algerian	0	0	0	65	20	45
Berber	0	0	0	45	15	25
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	80	45	35
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	20	0	20
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	25	10	15	75	35	45
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	50	30	20
Mauritian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	0
South African	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	55	20	30
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	10	0	0	50	25	25
Asian origins	400	180	220	520	220	290
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	35	20	15	220	85	135
Afghan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	130	55	70
Armenian	10	10	0	10	10	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Iraqi	10	10	10	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	30	10	15
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	10	10	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	10	15	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	155	70	90	25	10	15
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	85	40	45	30	10	20
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	25	10	15	0	0	0
Punjabi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	15	10	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	15	0	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	210	95	120	265	130	140
Burmese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	85	50	35	150	75	80
Filipino	50	20	30	20	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	80	25	50	40	15	25
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Singaporean	15	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	0	15
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	35	25	15
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Oceania origins	70	30	35	10	10	10
Australian	50	20	35	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Fijian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,935	...	...	6,750	...	...
Owner	4,030	...	...	5,140	...	...
Renter	905	...	...	1,610	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,940	...	...	6,750	...	...
Condominium	735	...	...	1,055	...	...
Not condominium	4,200	...	...	5,695	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,935	...	...	6,750	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	35	...	...
1 bedroom	405	...	...	520	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,545	...	...	2,070	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,495	...	...	2,660	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	1,490	...	...	1,460	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,935	...	...	6,755	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	905	...	...	1,770	...	...
5 rooms	665	...	...	1,090	...	...
6 rooms	800	...	...	920	...	...
7 rooms	690	...	...	1,145	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,875	...	...	1,825	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.2	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,940	...	...	6,755	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,910	...	...	6,720	...	...
More than 1 person per room	25	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,935	...	...	6,750	...	...
Suitable	4,840	...	...	6,610	...	...
Not suitable	95	...	...	140	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,940	...	...	6,750	...	...
1960 or before	915	...	...	320	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,570	...	...	1,625	...	...
1981 to 1990	795	...	...	1,355	...	...
1991 to 2000	975	...	...	2,295	...	...
2001 to 2005	200	...	...	440	...	...
2006 to 2010	295	...	...	415	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	190	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,940	...	...	6,750	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,600	...	...	6,475	...	...
Major repairs needed	335	...	...	275	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,940	...	...	6,750	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,605	...	...	3,820	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,250	...	...	2,870	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	85	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,940	...	...	6,750	...	...
15 to 24 years	50	...	...	75	...	...
25 to 34 years	350	...	...	855	...	...
35 to 44 years	525	...	...	1,340	...	...
45 to 54 years	720	...	...	1,675	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,315	...	...	1,440	...	...
65 to 74 years	1,085	...	...	860	...	...
75 to 84 years	670	...	...	395	...	...
85 years and over	230	...	...	110	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,790	...	...	6,745	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,710	...	...	5,610	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,080	...	...	1,135	...	...
30% to less than 100%	940	...	...	1,070	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,890	...	...	5,140	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	47.3	...	...	73.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.3	...	...	9.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	633	...	...	1,178	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,031	...	...	1,152	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	401,007	...	...	250,596	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	485,781	...	...	259,711	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	905	...	...	1,610	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	11.0	...	...	7.8	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	49.7	...	...	38.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,012	...	...	827	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,072	...	...	897	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,670	4,585	5,085	13,830	6,775	7,055
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,360	670	685	3,120	1,595	1,525
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	2,810	1,250	1,555	3,385	1,640	1,750
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,505	2,665	2,845	7,325	3,540	3,790
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	1,165	915	250	2,645	1,660	985
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	400	240	155	1,955	1,085	870
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	765	675	95	690	575	115
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	2,385	885	1,495	2,565	1,030	1,535
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	270	115	155	425	165	260
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,685	745	940	1,690	685	1,005
Bachelor's degree	1,025	420	600	1,210	495	720
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	135	55	80	190	60	135
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	100	70	30	15	10	0
Master's degree	375	155	220	265	115	145
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	55	45	10	15	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	5,650	2,700	2,950	9,560	4,700	4,860
No certificate, diploma or degree	410	245	165	1,440	825	615
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,570	760	805	2,170	990	1,180
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,665	1,685	1,980	5,960	2,890	3,070
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	650	530	120	2,135	1,310	825
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	195	120	80	1,595	860	730
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	450	410	40	540	450	95
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,610	555	1,055	1,980	830	1,150
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	185	85	100	340	135	210
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	1,230	520	710	1,500	615	885
Bachelor's degree	765	310	455	1,100	460	640
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	90	30	60	165	45	120
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	65	45	25	0	0	0
Master's degree	280	115	160	225	105	120
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	25	25	0	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,670	4,580	5,085	13,830	6,775	7,055
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,170	1,925	2,245	6,500	3,235	3,270
Education	475	130	345	460	70	385
13. Education	470	135	340	460	70	390
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	125	70	60	230	105	130
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	35	30	0	40	25	15
50. Visual and performing arts	95	40	50	190	80	115
Humanities	220	70	150	305	55	250
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	35	0	30	30	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	50	15	35	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	60	25	35	210	45	170
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	0	10	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	25	10	20	10	0	15
54. History	35	20	15	15	10	15
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	30	10	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	450	130	320	555	140	410
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	35	25	10	85	30	60
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	130	10	120	185	20	170
22. Legal professions and studies	60	20	40	85	25	55
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	0	20	0	15
42. Psychology	110	15	95	45	10	30
45. Social sciences	115	55	55	135	60	75
Business, management and public administration	925	355	570	1,670	575	1,095
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	60	10	50	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	855	340	510	1,630	570	1,060
Physical and life sciences and technologies	195	100	95	165	90	75
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	110	65	45	45	10	35
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	40	15	25	25	20	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	35	25	10
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	50	35	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	0	20	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	55	40	295	215	75
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	60	45	15	275	210	65
25. Library science	15	0	15	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,295	1,210	85	1,905	1,750	155
04. Architecture and related services	25	20	10	45	10	30
14. Engineering	105	90	15	230	200	35
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	220	185	40	345	305	45
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	365	350	10	505	495	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	390	370	10	470	440	25
48. Precision production	190	190	0	305	295	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	215	130	85	70	30	40
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	145	85	70	55	15	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	65	50	15	20	15	0
Health and related fields	1,125	205	920	955	135	820
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	65	25	45	50	30	15
51. Health professions and related programs	1,020	155	865	910	105	800
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	35	30	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	385	210	175	725	380	345
12. Personal and culinary services	245	100	145	365	85	280
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	45	35	10	200	145	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	85	65	20	155	145	15
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	5,650	2,700	2,950	9,565	4,700	4,860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,980	1,010	970	3,600	1,810	1,795
Education	315	80	235	375	55	320
13. Education	315	75	240	375	55	320
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	65	30	35	185	90	100
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	20	10	10	35	20	20
50. Visual and performing arts	50	20	30	155	70	85
Humanities	165	55	105	165	35	130
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	25	0	25	25	0	20
23. English language and literature/letters	35	10	25	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	15	25	80	20	65
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	10	10	0	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	20	10	15	10	0	10
54. History	30	20	10	15	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	0	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	315	85	225	445	125	320
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	30	20	0	75	25	45
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	80	10	80	140	10	130
22. Legal professions and studies	45	10	35	75	25	50
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	80	15	70	40	10	30
45. Social sciences	65	35	30	105	50	50
Business, management and public administration	600	225	375	1,395	440	955
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	50	15	35	40	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	550	210	340	1,360	440	920
Physical and life sciences and technologies	155	90	70	115	65	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	95	55	45	40	10	30
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	35	15	20	20	15	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	10	10
40. Physical sciences	25	20	0	45	35	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	45	25	280	205	70
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	55	40	10	265	200	65
25. Library science	10	0	10	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	775	710	70	1,545	1,415	125
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	0	30	10	20
14. Engineering	70	60	10	220	190	25
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	130	100	30	295	260	35
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	225	210	15	345	335	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	225	210	15	385	365	20
48. Precision production	120	120	0	270	255	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	170	100	70	60	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	110	60	55	45	15	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	60	40	20	15	15	0
Health and related fields	790	140	645	790	110	675
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	50	10	40	40	25	20
51. Health professions and related programs	705	110	595	745	85	660
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	30	20	10	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	250	140	110	610	320	285
12. Personal and culinary services	165	80	85	290	65	230
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	35	25	10	185	135	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	40	20	130	120	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,670	4,585	5,085	13,830	6,775	7,060
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,165	1,925	2,245	6,505	3,235	3,270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	5,505	2,660	2,845	7,325	3,540	3,785
Location of study inside Canada	4,855	2,315	2,535	6,915	3,345	3,570
Same as province or territory of residence	3,210	1,490	1,720	6,715	3,235	3,480
Different than province or territory of residence	1,645	830	815	195	105	85
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	650	340	310	410	195	220
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	150	80	75	40	15	25
Philippines	15	10	10	0	0	0
India	15	10	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	140	70	75	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	10
France	10	0	0	50	25	20
Other	330	180	150	320	150	170
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	5,645	2,700	2,950	9,565	4,700	4,865
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,980	1,010	975	3,600	1,810	1,795
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,665	1,685	1,980	5,960	2,890	3,070
Location of study inside Canada	3,345	1,525	1,825	5,610	2,725	2,885
Same as province or territory of residence	2,300	1,020	1,280	5,435	2,630	2,805
Different than province or territory of residence	1,050	500	545	175	90	75
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	320	165	155	355	165	185
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	100	60	40	30	10	20
Philippines	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	15	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	60	20	40	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	10	0	0
France	0	0	0	45	25	20
Other	130	75	60	265	125	140
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	9,670	4,585	5,085	13,830	6,770	7,055
In the labour force	5,430	2,750	2,680	9,980	5,175	4,805
Employed	5,000	2,510	2,490	9,460	4,845	4,615
Unemployed	430	240	195	520	325	195
Not in the labour force	4,245	1,835	2,405	3,850	1,600	2,250
Participation rate	56.2	60.0	52.7	72.2	76.4	68.1
Employment rate	51.7	54.7	49.0	68.4	71.6	65.4
Unemployment rate	7.9	8.7	7.3	5.2	6.3	4.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	9,670	4,585	5,085	13,830	6,775	7,060
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	3,700	1,570	2,130	3,550	1,505	2,040
Worked	5,970	3,010	2,955	10,280	5,270	5,010
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	2,440	1,375	1,065	5,240	2,800	2,440
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,530	1,640	1,890	5,045	2,470	2,575
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.3	40.6	40.0	43.9	44.0	43.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	5,425	2,750	2,680	9,985	5,170	4,810
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	15	35	160	80	75
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	5,380	2,735	2,645	9,825	5,090	4,735
Employee	4,245	2,070	2,175	9,050	4,665	4,390
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	1,135	665	475	770	430	340
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	5,430	2,750	2,680	9,980	5,175	4,805
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	15	35	160	85	75
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	5,385	2,735	2,645	9,825	5,095	4,735
0 Management occupations	700	445	255	825	510	320
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	765	210	560	1,755	505	1,255
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	335	245	95	610	500	110
3 Health occupations	505	125	380	580	50	525
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	565	170	395	1,005	265	735
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	160	70	90	220	95	135
6 Sales and service occupations	1,160	445	710	2,500	1,125	1,380
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	810	755	50	1,705	1,600	105
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	260	180	80	60	50	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	125	95	30	555	390	165
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	5,425	2,750	2,680	9,980	5,170	4,810
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	45	15	35	160	80	75
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	5,380	2,735	2,645	9,825	5,095	4,730
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	300	185	110	25	20	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	80	70	10	15	15	0
22 Utilities	20	15	10	90	75	10
23 Construction	525	435	90	685	605	85
31-33 Manufacturing	320	225	90	1,235	860	375
41 Wholesale trade	140	85	55	440	305	130
44-45 Retail trade	640	295	345	1,475	745	735
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	145	110	40	655	475	180
51 Information and cultural industries	55	30	25	255	130	125
52 Finance and insurance	130	50	85	470	165	310
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	110	55	50	125	65	65
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	330	160	165	605	300	305
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	10	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	215	135	80	395	260	140
61 Educational services	355	125	230	590	140	450
62 Health care and social assistance	815	170	640	1,135	145	985
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	165	105	60	185	105	80
72 Accommodation and food services	365	145	220	540	230	315
81 Other services (except public administration)	265	115	150	360	155	205
91 Public administration	395	220	180	520	290	235
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	5,000	2,510	2,490	9,460	4,845	4,615
Worked at home	630	300	340	445	180	270
Worked outside Canada	35	15	15	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	670	490	180	800	580	220
Worked at usual place	3,660	1,710	1,950	8,220	4,090	4,130
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	3,665	1,710	1,955	8,220	4,090	4,125
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,540	665	875	785	380	405
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	1,670	800	870	2,300	1,010	1,295
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	400	210	190	5,125	2,705	2,425
Commute to a different province or territory	50	30	20	10	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	4,335	2,200	2,135	9,015	4,670	4,350
Car, truck, van - as a driver	3,620	1,870	1,755	7,635	4,095	3,540
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	230	85	145	300	110	190
Public transit	30	20	15	780	320	465
Walked	265	105	165	175	80	90
Bicycle	45	25	20	45	35	10
Other method	140	100	40	75	25	50
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	4,335	2,200	2,135	9,015	4,670	4,350
Less than 15 minutes	1,755	815	940	2,265	1,035	1,230
15 to 29 minutes	1,745	845	900	2,695	1,370	1,320
30 to 44 minutes	370	245	120	2,290	1,390	905
45 to 59 minutes	235	135	100	990	510	475
60 minutes and over	235	160	70	780	365	420
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	4,330	2,200	2,135	9,020	4,670	4,350
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	200	165	30	1,020	780	240
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	895	560	335	2,160	1,210	945
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,225	675	555	2,370	1,085	1,285
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	1,030	370	665	1,280	485	795
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	515	190	320	630	255	375
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	465	235	230	1,555	850	705
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	6,110	3,080	3,025	10,500	5,385	5,120
Single responses	6,080	3,070	3,010	9,665	4,925	4,735
Official languages	6,060	3,060	3,000	9,640	4,920	4,720
English	6,045	3,050	2,995	560	295	265
French	15	10	10	9,085	4,630	4,455
Non-official languages	15	10	10	20	0	15
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	20	10	10	20	10	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	10
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	15	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	10	0	10	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20	10	10	10	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	10	15	835	455	380
English and French	10	0	10	820	450	370
English and non-official language	25	10	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	6,110	3,085	3,030	10,500	5,380	5,115
None	6,000	3,040	2,960	6,495	3,385	3,105
English	15	10	10	3,480	1,735	1,750
French	45	15	25	440	225	215
Non-official language	45	15	30	70	30	40
Aboriginal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	35	15	20	70	30	45
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	10,995	5,215	5,785	16,465	8,120	8,345
Non-movers	9,680	4,565	5,110	14,930	7,400	7,535
Movers	1,325	645	680	1,530	720	810
Non-migrants	600	305	290	600	300	300
Migrants	725	340	385	935	420	515
Internal migrants	655	310	340	895	405	490
Intraprovincial migrants	500	240	255	890	400	490
Interprovincial migrants	150	70	75	0	0	10
External migrants	75	25	45	40	20	25
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	10,675	5,065	5,610	15,785	7,805	7,980
Non-movers	6,765	3,180	3,580	10,920	5,590	5,325
Movers	3,910	1,880	2,025	4,865	2,220	2,650
Non-migrants	1,380	675	705	1,765	785	985
Migrants	2,530	1,205	1,320	3,100	1,430	1,670
Internal migrants	2,370	1,140	1,230	2,990	1,390	1,605
Intraprovincial migrants	1,745	835	905	2,950	1,375	1,580
Interprovincial migrants	630	305	325	35	15	25
External migrants	155	65	90	115	45	65

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Summerland, DM [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sainte-Catherine, V [Census subdivision], Quebec (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Summerland, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sainte-Catherine, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

Census Profile, 2016 Census Summerland, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sainte-Catherine, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Summerland, District municipality [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Sainte-Catherine, Ville [Census subdivision], Quebec