Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Chilliwack, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			St. Adolphe Manitoba [Population centre]
	Data quality , Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	83,788	...	...	1,362	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	77,936	...	...	1,117^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	7.5	...	...	21.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	34,038	...	...	501	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	32,440	...	...	497	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	320.2	...	...	853.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	261.65	...	...	1.60	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	83,790	40,955	42,835	1,360	695	665
0 to 14 years	15,910	8,175	7,730	315	170	150
0 to 4 years	5,065	2,600	2,470	85	40	50
5 to 9 years	5,525	2,850	2,675	120	70	55
10 to 14 years	5,320	2,730	2,585	105	60	50
15 to 64 years	52,695	25,775	26,925	885	445	435
15 to 19 years	5,220	2,630	2,585	65	30	30
20 to 24 years	4,855	2,525	2,330	70	30	40
25 to 29 years	4,600	2,250	2,350	90	50	45
30 to 34 years	5,235	2,580	2,650	100	40	55
35 to 39 years	4,830	2,285	2,540	110	60	50
40 to 44 years	5,165	2,485	2,680	95	55	45
45 to 49 years	5,545	2,700	2,850	85	45	40
50 to 54 years	6,170	3,015	3,155	75	30	40
55 to 59 years	5,885	2,860	3,030	90	40	50
60 to 64 years	5,200	2,445	2,755	105	60	45
65 years and over	15,180	7,005	8,180	160	85	80
65 to 69 years	4,700	2,270	2,435	85	45	40
70 to 74 years	3,580	1,750	1,830	50	25	25
75 to 79 years	2,755	1,280	1,480	10	5	5
80 to 84 years	2,020	935	1,090	5	5	5
85 years and over	2,115	770	1,345	5	5	0
85 to 89 years	1,335	530	800	0	5	0
90 to 94 years	610	190	420	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	145	40	105	5	0	0
100 years and over	25	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.0	20.0	18.0	23.2	24.5	22.6
15 to 64 years	62.9	62.9	62.9	65.1	64.0	65.4
65 years and over	18.1	17.1	19.1	11.8	12.2	12.0
85 years and over	2.5	1.9	3.1	0.4	0.7	0.0
Average age of the population	40.8	39.8	41.7	36.8	36.6	37.0
Median age of the population	41.3	40.1	42.3	36.7	36.6	36.8
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	32,440	...	...	495	...	...
Single-detached house	18,085	...	...	415	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	255	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	13,765	...	...	80	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,210	...	...	30	...	...
Row house	4,680	...	...	10	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,525	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,315	...	...	40	...	...
Other single-attached house	35	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	335	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	32,440	...	...	495	...	...
1 person	8,420	...	...	85	...	...
2 persons	11,630	...	...	190	...	...
3 persons	4,635	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	4,385	...	...	95	...	...
5 or more persons	3,370	...	...	60	...	...
Number of persons in private households	82,210	...	...	1,365	...	...
Average household size	2.5	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	67,880	32,775	35,105	1,045	525	515
Married or living common law	40,445	20,220	20,220	770	385	385
Married	34,200	17,120	17,080	670	335	335
Living common law	6,250	3,105	3,145	100	50	50
Not married and not living common law	27,430	12,555	14,880	275	140	135
Never married	16,310	8,880	7,425	200	115	85
Separated	2,180	940	1,245	15	5	10
Divorced	4,710	1,790	2,920	35	15	20
Widowed	4,235	945	3,290	25	5	20
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	23,680	...	...	415	...	...
2 persons	12,520	...	...	200	...	...
3 persons	4,515	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	4,255	...	...	90	...	...
5 or more persons	2,395	...	...	55	...	...
Average size of census families	2.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	23,680	...	...	415	...	...
Total couple families	19,830	...	...	380	...	...
Married couples	16,705	...	...	335	...	...
Common-law couples	3,125	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,850	...	...	30	...	...
Female parent	3,035	...	...	20	...	...
Male parent	815	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	19,825	...	...	385	...	...
Couples without children	10,190	...	...	180	...	...
Couples with children	9,645	...	...	205	...	...
1 child	3,430	...	...	65	...	...
2 children	3,925	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more children	2,285	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,850	...	...	30	...	...
1 child	2,330	...	...	20	...	...
2 children	1,085	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	440	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	13,420	6,345	7,075	110	60	50
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	32,440	...	...	495	...	...
One-census-family households	22,110	...	...	400	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	9,500	...	...	170	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	12,610	...	...	230	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	770	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	9,565	...	...	90	...	...
One-person households	8,420	...	...	80	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,140	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	83,055	40,625	42,430	1,360	695	665
English only	78,695	38,750	39,945	785	415	375
French only	20	10	5	5	5	5
English and French	3,865	1,635	2,235	565	275	290
Neither English nor French	475	230	245	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	83,055	40,625	42,430	1,360	700	665
English	81,620	39,890	41,725	1,020	525	495
French	860	450	410	335	170	165
English and French	115	50	60	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	455	225	230	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	920	480	440	335	165	170
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.2	1.0	24.6	23.6	25.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	83,055	40,625	42,430	1,365	695	665
Single responses	82,215	40,260	41,955	1,335	680	650
Official languages	73,115	35,980	37,130	1,270	650	620
English	72,115	35,475	36,650	940	480	455
French	995	515	485	330	165	165
Non-official languages	9,100	4,280	4,825	60	35	30
Aboriginal languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	5	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	5	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	5	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	9,060	4,265	4,795	65	35	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	140	80	65	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	140	75	60	0	0	0
Amharic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	110	60	45	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	235	125	115	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	235	125	115	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	460	175	280	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	30	10	20	0	0	0
Fijian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	15	15	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	370	140	235	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	5	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	6,715	3,190	3,525	60	30	25
Albanian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	715	320	395	20	15	10
Baltic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	710	320	390	20	15	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	50	15	30	0	0	0
Czech	70	35	35	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	180	80	95	5	0	5
Russian	165	65	100	10	5	5
Serbian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	145	65	85	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	5	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,105	1,915	2,190	25	15	10
Afrikaans	105	50	55	0	0	0
Danish	110	50	65	0	5	0
Dutch	1,425	695	725	5	0	0
Frisian	25	10	15	0	0	0
German	2,355	1,070	1,285	20	10	10
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Swedish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	820	410	410	5	5	0
Indo-Aryan languages	710	345	360	5	5	0
Bengali	0	0	5	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	15	10	0	0	0
Hindi	115	55	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	495	240	245	5	5	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Urdu	45	20	25	5	5	0
Iranian languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	110	60	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	950	475	475	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	95	60	30	5	0	0
Portuguese	100	45	60	0	0	0
Romanian	185	100	90	0	0	0
Spanish	565	275	295	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	95	25	65	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	365	180	190	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	10	5	0	0	5
American Sign Language	10	5	5	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	685	325	360	0	0	0
Chinese languages	665	310	355	0	0	0
Cantonese	175	85	90	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	420	190	230	0	5	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	30	15	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	5	25	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	25	5	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	220	100	115	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	70	30	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	145	65	75	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	840	365	480	30	20	10
English and French	170	65	105	20	15	10
English and non-official language	645	285	360	5	5	5
French and non-official language	10	0	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	5	5	5	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	83,055	40,625	42,430	1,360	695	665
Single responses	81,530	39,945	41,580	1,340	685	655
Official languages	78,705	38,555	40,155	1,320	675	645
English	78,510	38,465	40,040	1,145	585	560
French	195	90	105	170	85	85
Non-official languages	2,825	1,390	1,425	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	5	5	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,820	1,390	1,430	15	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	80	45	35	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	80	40	40	5	0	0
Amharic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	65	40	25	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	160	75	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	155	80	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	165	90	80	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	155	75	80	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,550	760	785	10	10	5
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	160	75	85	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	160	80	85	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	45	20	20	0	0	0
Russian	50	20	30	5	5	5
Serbian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	505	235	270	0	0	5
Afrikaans	45	20	25	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	150	70	80	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	290	135	155	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	485	245	245	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	420	205	215	0	5	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	75	35	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	305	150	160	5	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	20	10	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	60	35	30	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	65	35	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	365	195	170	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Spanish	255	135	115	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	295	145	150	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	440	220	220	5	0	5
Chinese languages	420	205	215	5	0	5
Cantonese	100	50	55	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	290	140	150	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	5	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,525	680	850	25	10	15
English and French	95	40	55	15	10	5
English and non-official language	1,410	630	785	5	0	0
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	83,050	40,620	42,430	1,365	700	665
None	78,275	38,450	39,830	1,080	560	515
English	1,270	615	655	130	70	60
French	535	220	320	120	50	75
Non-official language	2,900	1,315	1,585	25	10	15
Aboriginal	30	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,865	1,295	1,570	25	10	15
English and French	10	0	5	5	0	0
English and non-official language	30	20	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	10	20	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	66,305	32,105	34,200	1,045	530	515
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,755	30,970	32,785	1,015	510	505
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,439	42,300	25,366	45,632	56,160	37,888
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	63,835	31,030	32,810	1,015	510	505
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,397	37,059	24,004	39,077	45,952	33,451
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,840	28,425	28,415	985	500	485
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,046	40,903	22,152	42,752	53,376	32,896
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,410	19,185	26,225	645	260	380
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,156	7,173	7,149	5,280	7,264	4,688
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	47,735	24,725	23,010	870	455	420
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,276	40,908	22,913	44,032	53,696	35,904
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	66,310	32,055	34,255	1,080	540	535
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,765	30,960	32,800	1,045	530	525
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,875	51,098	33,169	50,327	58,765	41,816
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	63,840	31,010	32,835	1,050	530	525
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,621	42,257	29,354	40,899	47,030	34,716
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,770	28,455	28,320	1,025	525	505
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,255	49,950	30,516	46,428	54,781	37,739
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,555	19,270	26,285	700	290	410
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,449	8,353	8,518	7,490	8,042	7,096
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	47,735	24,735	23,000	905	465	440
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,391	48,169	29,952	47,114	55,240	38,554
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	66,305	32,055	34,255	1,080	545	535
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	21,390	12,755	8,635	505	280	225
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	51,064	58,280	42,342	57,462	66,914	45,664
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	57,444	64,441	47,113	60,172	67,938	50,522
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.5	89.7	79.4	91.6	93.5	87.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.4	75.3	63.2	81.2	83.2	77.3
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.5	10.3	20.6	8.8	6.6	12.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	66,305	32,110	34,195	1,045	525	515
Without total income	2,550	1,140	1,415	30	15	15
With total income	63,760	30,970	32,790	1,010	510	500
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.4	95.9	96.7	97.1	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,540	3,200	5,340	55	15	40
$10,000 to $19,999	12,030	4,385	7,645	95	35	65
$20,000 to $29,999	9,290	3,590	5,700	140	45	95
$30,000 to $39,999	7,950	3,485	4,460	120	60	65
$40,000 to $49,999	6,600	3,315	3,285	140	65	75
$50,000 to $59,999	5,045	2,895	2,145	105	60	45
$60,000 to $69,999	3,785	2,505	1,280	95	50	40
$70,000 to $79,999	2,950	2,030	915	85	60	25
$80,000 to $89,999	2,395	1,630	770	65	45	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,665	1,180	495	45	25	20
$100,000 and over	3,515	2,755	760	65	50	15
$100,000 to $149,999	2,620	2,030	590	50	35	10
$150,000 and over	890	720	165	15	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	66,310	32,110	34,200	1,045	530	520
Without after-tax income	2,470	1,085	1,385	30	20	15
With after-tax income	63,835	31,025	32,810	1,015	515	505
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.6	95.9	97.1	97.2	97.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	8,905	3,395	5,510	60	15	50
$10,000 to $19,999	12,650	4,720	7,935	110	45	70
$20,000 to $29,999	10,965	4,375	6,595	170	60	110
$30,000 to $39,999	9,200	4,280	4,925	180	80	100
$40,000 to $49,999	7,060	3,890	3,170	145	85	60
$50,000 to $59,999	5,040	3,210	1,830	135	85	50
$60,000 to $69,999	3,625	2,520	1,105	100	70	25
$70,000 to $79,999	2,675	1,810	865	60	35	20
$80,000 and over	3,710	2,840	875	50	30	15
$80,000 to $89,999	1,425	1,035	385	15	10	10
$90,000 to $99,999	815	630	180	10	10	0
$100,000 and over	1,475	1,165	305	20	10	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	66,305	32,105	34,200	1,045	525	515
Without employment income	18,570	7,385	11,190	175	75	100
With employment income	47,735	24,725	23,010	870	455	415
Percentage with employment income	72.0	77.0	67.3	83.3	86.7	80.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,010	3,625	4,385	65	30	35
$5,000 to $9,999	3,675	1,470	2,205	40	10	30
$10,000 to $19,999	6,510	2,570	3,940	85	35	45
$20,000 to $29,999	5,460	2,205	3,255	105	35	70
$30,000 to $39,999	5,005	2,285	2,720	95	50	45
$40,000 to $49,999	4,320	2,235	2,085	110	50	60
$50,000 to $59,999	3,625	2,145	1,480	85	50	35
$60,000 to $69,999	2,875	1,990	880	65	40	25
$70,000 to $79,999	2,330	1,635	695	75	50	25
$80,000 and over	5,935	4,575	1,360	150	105	45
$80,000 to $89,999	2,000	1,395	610	50	30	15
$90,000 to $99,999	1,305	965	335	40	25	15
$100,000 and over	2,630	2,215	415	55	45	15
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	32,440	...	...	500	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,800	...	...	98,048	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,785	...	...	80,868	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	8,425	...	...	80	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,665	...	...	48,128	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,672	...	...	42,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	24,020	...	...	415	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	83,891	...	...	108,800	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	73,474	...	...	89,958	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	32,440	...	...	515	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	82,311	...	...	102,627	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,105	...	...	83,402	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	8,410	...	...	85	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	39,210	...	...	47,016	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,799	...	...	39,226	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	24,025	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,402	...	...	114,059	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,817	...	...	92,484	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	32,440	...	...	500	...	...
Under $5,000	380	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	345	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,005	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,405	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,510	...	...	5	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,285	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,485	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,485	...	...	5	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,385	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,405	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,635	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,360	...	...	30	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,320	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,090	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,910	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	9,435	...	...	240	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,605	...	...	75	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,310	...	...	70	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,245	...	...	65	...	...
$200,000 and over	1,275	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	32,440	...	...	495	...	...
Under $5,000	415	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	355	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,020	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,445	...	...	0	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,710	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,545	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,770	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,715	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,630	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,610	...	...	15	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,075	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,735	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,595	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,280	...	...	50	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,825	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,715	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,160	...	...	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,700	...	...	45	...	...
$150,000 and over	1,850	...	...	35	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	23,220	...	...	410	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	82,896	...	...	109,653	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,499	...	...	90,163	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	9,310	...	...	170	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,557	...	...	91,584	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,843	...	...	76,032	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	9,730	...	...	205	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,768	...	...	128,256	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,034	...	...	103,083	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.2	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,545	...	...	30	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,221	...	...	70,912	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,962	...	...	64,896	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	23,250	...	...	420	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	96,473	...	...	114,192	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,931	...	...	92,517	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	9,330	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	85,049	...	...	87,277	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	72,229	...	...	72,447	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	9,735	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	120,529	...	...	139,431	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	101,612	...	...	111,651	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,565	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,904	...	...	86,714	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,090	...	...	69,302	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	11,660	5,580	6,080	95	50	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,380	32,491	27,436	45,440	53,888	41,344
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,901	29,077	25,554	39,936	43,648	35,328
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	11,530	5,440	6,085	110	55	55
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,065	39,570	34,825	46,557	49,115	44,177
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	32,044	33,458	30,779	38,928	40,567	37,403
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	82,210	40,280	41,925	1,360	695	665
In the bottom half of the distribution	44,555	21,040	23,520	470	240	235
In the bottom decile	8,500	3,970	4,535	20	10	10
In the second decile	8,820	3,895	4,925	50	20	30
In the third decile	8,830	4,145	4,685	105	55	50
In the fourth decile	9,165	4,440	4,725	140	70	65
In the fifth decile	9,240	4,595	4,645	155	80	80
In the top half of the distribution	37,650	19,240	18,410	885	460	425
In the sixth decile	8,995	4,510	4,480	180	90	90
In the seventh decile	8,205	4,215	3,995	210	115	95
In the eighth decile	8,055	4,085	3,970	195	110	85
In the ninth decile	7,345	3,790	3,550	195	95	95
In the top decile	5,050	2,640	2,415	105	50	55
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	82,205	40,275	41,930	1,365	695	665
0 to 17 years	18,965	9,725	9,240	355	185	165
0 to 5 years	6,070	3,110	2,960	105	50	55
18 to 64 years	49,245	23,955	25,285	845	430	420
65 years and over	14,000	6,600	7,405	160	80	80
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,150	5,435	6,715	40	20	20
0 to 17 years	3,435	1,720	1,715	15	10	5
0 to 5 years	1,135	585	550	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	6,645	2,925	3,720	15	5	10
65 years and over	2,075	785	1,290	10	5	5
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.8	13.5	16.0	2.9	2.9	3.0
0 to 17 years (%)	18.1	17.7	18.6	4.2	5.4	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	18.7	18.8	18.6	4.8	0.0	9.1
18 to 64 years (%)	13.5	12.2	14.7	1.8	1.2	2.4
65 years and over (%)	14.8	11.9	17.4	6.3	6.3	6.3
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	6,565	3,105	3,455	15	10	5
0 to 17 years	1,845	920	925	5	0	5
0 to 5 years	595	300	290	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	4,355	2,025	2,335	5	5	5
65 years and over	355	160	200	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.0	7.7	8.2	1.1	1.4	0.8
0 to 17 years (%)	9.7	9.5	10.0	1.4	0.0	3.0
0 to 5 years (%)	9.8	9.6	9.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.8	8.5	9.2	0.6	1.2	1.2
65 years and over (%)	2.5	2.4	2.7	3.1	6.3	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	82,210	40,260	41,945	1,365	695	670
Official languages	81,785	40,060	41,725	1,360	695	665
English	81,765	40,045	41,715	1,360	695	665
French	3,880	1,620	2,270	555	295	255
Non-official languages	11,335	5,315	6,020	115	65	55
Aboriginal languages	70	25	40	10	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	0	20	0	10	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	0	10	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	15	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,265	5,290	5,975	115	60	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	195	120	80	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	195	120	75	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	140	85	55	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	35	25	10	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	275	145	130	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	275	145	130	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	595	210	385	0	0	0
Bikol	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	35	15	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	565	195	370	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	20	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	25	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	8,450	3,980	4,465	100	60	40
Albanian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	960	450	510	10	0	0
Baltic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	955	450	505	10	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Czech	80	45	45	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	235	105	130	0	0	0
Russian	245	100	150	10	0	0
Serbian	65	35	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	55	30	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	215	95	120	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	20	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	4,770	2,255	2,510	35	20	15
Afrikaans	145	75	70	0	0	0
Danish	80	25	55	0	0	0
Dutch	1,740	850	890	0	0	0
Frisian	40	25	15	0	0	0
German	2,725	1,310	1,415	30	20	10
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	80	30	45	0	0	0
Swedish	65	25	40	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	15	10	0	0	0
Greek	95	65	30	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	970	485	490	15	10	10
Indo-Aryan languages	885	435	450	20	15	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hindi	225	115	115	20	15	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	625	315	310	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	125	50	75	0	0	0
Iranian languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	90	50	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,835	810	1,025	45	25	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	165	85	75	10	0	10
Portuguese	200	110	95	0	0	0
Romanian	220	115	110	0	0	0
Spanish	1,315	535	775	40	20	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	170	75	95	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	465	245	220	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	80	55	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	35	25	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	40	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	80	20	65	15	0	10
American Sign Language	25	10	20	15	0	15
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	55	15	45	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	780	375	400	0	0	0
Chinese languages	730	340	385	0	0	0
Cantonese	185	85	105	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	565	245	320	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	60	30	30	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	45	35	15	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	50	35	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	15	45	0	0	0
Lao	20	0	15	0	0	0
Thai	45	0	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	35	25	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	30	20	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	245	100	140	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	70	35	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	165	70	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	82,210	40,265	41,950	1,365	695	665
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	79,185	38,790	40,400	1,335	685	655
Canadian citizens aged under 18	18,665	9,550	9,115	300	165	140
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	60,520	29,240	31,285	1,035	520	515
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	3,020	1,475	1,545	25	10	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	82,205	40,260	41,950	1,360	695	665
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	70,840	34,885	35,955	1,285	645	645
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	10,985	5,185	5,800	70	45	25
Before 1981	5,265	2,495	2,770	15	10	10
1981 to 1990	1,070	550	525	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	1,515	670	845	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	2,060	935	1,130	40	30	10
2001 to 2005	880	345	530	30	20	10
2006 to 2010	1,180	585	595	15	10	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,065	540	530	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	385	195	190	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	10,985	5,185	5,800	70	50	20
Under 5 years	1,525	750	775	15	10	0
5 to 14 years	2,235	1,100	1,135	10	10	0
15 to 24 years	2,520	1,145	1,375	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	3,915	1,825	2,095	35	20	15
45 years and over	790	365	425	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	10,985	5,185	5,800	70	45	20
Americas	1,780	775	1,005	20	10	10
Brazil	50	15	35	0	0	0
Colombia	40	15	25	0	0	0
El Salvador	80	35	40	0	0	0
Guyana	25	15	15	0	0	0
Haiti	20	20	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	45	30	15	0	0	0
Mexico	165	55	110	0	0	0
Peru	40	10	35	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	45	30	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	965	400	565	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Americas	310	150	160	10	10	0
Europe	6,060	2,960	3,100	30	25	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	20	10	0	0	0
Croatia	25	20	10	0	0	0
France	55	25	30	0	0	0
Germany	970	485	490	0	0	0
Greece	35	25	0	0	0	0
Hungary	75	40	35	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	80	40	45	0	0	0
Italy	55	25	30	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,110	545	565	0	0	0
Poland	215	95	115	0	0	0
Portugal	60	40	15	0	0	0
Romania	180	90	95	0	0	0
Russian Federation	185	100	90	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	150	70	80	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,220	1,070	1,155	10	10	0
Other places of birth in Europe	575	260	320	15	10	0
Africa	440	225	210	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	40	25	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kenya	15	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	30	20	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	220	105	115	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	90	50	40	0	0	0
Asia	2,435	1,080	1,350	20	10	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	355	170	185	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	90	35	55	0	0	0
India	360	180	180	15	10	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	65	30	30	0	0	0
Iraq	10	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	55	15	40	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	320	165	155	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	65	50	20	0	0	0
Philippines	535	175	360	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	15	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	30	20	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	90	35	50	0	0	0
Viet Nam	180	80	100	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	260	110	150	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	275	145	130	10	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,070	540	525	10	0	10
Americas	210	100	115	10	0	10
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	20	0	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	160	65	95	10	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	165	105	60	0	0	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	25	20	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	95	70	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	30	10	15	0	0	0
Africa	65	35	35	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	0	10	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	10	0	0	0
Asia	615	300	315	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	50	45	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	105	50	50	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Philippines	255	120	135	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	82,210	40,260	41,945	1,365	700	665
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	11,935	5,665	6,270	80	55	25
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	18,160	9,035	9,125	140	95	50
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	52,110	25,560	26,550	1,140	550	595
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	5,880	2,775	3,105	55	35	20
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	3,190	1,635	1,555	35	25	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,265	795	470	10	10	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,925	840	1,080	25	15	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,105	810	1,295	25	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	550	315	230	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	35	15	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	82,210	40,265	41,945	1,360	695	665
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	6,585	3,045	3,535	320	160	160
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	6,370	2,935	3,435	320	160	160
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,735	1,720	2,020	15	0	15
Métis	2,605	1,205	1,395	305	160	145
Inuk (Inuit)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	115	75	40	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	100	40	60	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	75,620	37,215	38,410	1,040	535	505
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	82,210	40,260	41,950	1,360	695	665
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,620	1,120	1,505	10	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	79,585	39,140	40,445	1,350	695	655
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	82,210	40,260	41,945	1,360	700	665
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,310	665	640	45	10	30
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,285	655	630	40	10	30
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	980	495	490	15	0	10
Métis single ancestry	305	155	145	35	15	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	20	15	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,715	2,540	3,175	325	170	155
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,490	2,450	3,045	315	170	145
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,370	1,490	1,880	45	35	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,090	945	1,140	275	135	135
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	30	10	20	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	220	90	135	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	225	90	130	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	75,185	37,055	38,125	990	515	480
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	82,210	40,260	41,945	1,360	700	665
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	5,815	2,765	3,050	75	55	20
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,260	650	610	30	20	10
Chinese	920	425	495	0	0	0
Black	685	345	340	15	10	0
Filipino	755	290	465	0	0	0
Latin American	500	215	285	10	10	0
Arab	85	45	35	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	495	265	225	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	115	65	45	0	0	0
Korean	505	250	260	0	0	0
Japanese	155	60	100	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	105	40	65	15	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	240	115	115	0	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	76,395	37,495	38,895	1,290	645	645
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	82,210	40,260	41,945	1,360	700	665
North American Aboriginal origins	7,025	3,210	3,815	365	180	190
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,600	2,095	2,510	65	35	30
Inuit	50	20	30	0	0	0
Métis	2,625	1,200	1,425	315	145	170
Other North American origins	23,860	11,845	12,015	405	190	210
Acadian	130	65	65	0	0	0
American	1,885	975	905	25	15	10
Canadian	22,485	11,145	11,340	395	185	210
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	40	15	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	20	0	15	0	0	0
European origins	66,685	32,555	34,130	1,145	600	545
British Isles origins	41,400	20,065	21,335	590	285	305
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	24,960	11,865	13,095	370	190	180
Irish	14,430	6,740	7,695	215	120	95
Manx	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish	18,350	8,845	9,500	250	125	125
Welsh	2,325	1,090	1,235	35	15	20
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,740	1,425	1,320	20	10	10
French origins	9,035	4,170	4,865	525	280	245
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	0
Corsican	10	0	10	0	0	0
French	9,035	4,170	4,870	525	280	245
Western European origins (except French origins)	28,335	13,980	14,355	370	195	175
Austrian	835	355	480	15	10	10
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	405	235	170	65	45	25
Dutch	11,425	5,735	5,690	45	25	15
Flemish	50	15	30	20	0	15
Frisian	75	40	30	0	0	0
German	18,425	9,085	9,345	225	115	115
Luxembourger	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swiss	540	235	300	20	10	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	7,435	3,665	3,775	55	15	40
Danish	1,445	750	690	0	0	0
Finnish	520	275	240	0	0	0
Icelandic	545	285	255	10	0	10
Norwegian	3,025	1,460	1,565	20	10	10
Swedish	2,210	980	1,230	30	10	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	290	160	130	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	13,275	6,455	6,825	370	195	175
Bulgarian	65	25	45	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Czech	425	195	230	10	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	255	85	165	0	0	0
Estonian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,320	640	680	10	0	10
Latvian	65	40	25	0	0	10
Lithuanian	140	65	70	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	2,930	1,375	1,555	65	40	20
Romanian	675	365	315	10	0	0
Russian	3,815	1,980	1,840	80	35	45
Slovak	185	95	90	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,465	2,555	2,910	280	145	135
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	65	50	20	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,205	1,995	2,205	55	45	15
Albanian	85	35	55	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	230	105	125	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	330	195	140	10	0	10
Italian	2,250	995	1,255	40	25	15
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	30	20	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	380	190	195	0	0	0
Serbian	115	65	50	0	0	0
Sicilian	40	25	20	0	0	0
Slovenian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Spanish	730	370	355	15	15	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	100	55	45	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	40	10	25	0	0	0
Other European origins	525	285	240	0	10	0
Basque	25	10	15	0	0	0
Jewish	185	90	90	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	15	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	305	165	135	0	10	0
Caribbean origins	450	235	215	15	15	10
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	15	15	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	15	10	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Jamaican	225	110	120	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	75	30	45	0	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	45	30	15	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,315	590	720	20	25	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	110	55	60	0	0	0
Chilean	90	35	55	20	20	0
Colombian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Costa Rican	35	0	30	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	50	25	30	0	0	0
Guatemalan	75	15	60	0	0	0
Guyanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Hispanic	50	25	20	0	0	0
Honduran	25	15	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	330	125	195	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	35	20	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	95	60	40	0	0	0
Peruvian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Salvadorean	165	85	80	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	70	30	45	0	0	0
African origins	865	430	430	10	10	0
Central and West African origins	100	50	50	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	25	10	15	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	20	40	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	15	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	155	80	70	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	95	45	45	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	20	20	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	260	130	135	0	0	0
Afrikaner	20	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	0	0	0	0
South African	165	75	85	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	375	190	185	10	10	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	60	25	35	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	315	165	155	10	10	0
Asian origins	4,840	2,275	2,570	55	30	25
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	300	160	140	10	10	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	95	55	40	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	25	15	15	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	10	0	0	0
Kurd	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanese	65	20	40	10	10	0
Palestinian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	30	25	0	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	35	25	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,325	660	670	30	25	10
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	1,075	535	540	35	20	10
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	125	50	70	0	0	0
Punjabi	65	40	20	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	50	25	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,245	1,465	1,780	15	0	10
Burmese	55	35	25	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese	1,245	595	645	0	0	0
Filipino	825	320	510	15	10	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Japanese	235	75	160	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	505	250	255	0	0	0
Laotian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malaysian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	55	25	25	0	0	0
Thai	70	30	45	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	335	185	145	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	520	260	265	0	0	0
Australian	300	145	150	0	0	0
New Zealander	85	45	35	0	0	10
Pacific Islands origins	150	70	75	0	0	0
Fijian	75	35	35	0	0	0
Hawaiian	30	10	25	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	10	10	0	0	0
Samoan	15	15	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	32,440	...	...	515	...	...
Owner	23,665	...	...	485	...	...
Renter	8,775	...	...	30	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	32,440	...	...	515	...	...
Condominium	7,050	...	...	65	...	...
Not condominium	25,390	...	...	445	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	32,440	...	...	510	...	...
No bedrooms	130	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	3,455	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	7,795	...	...	95	...	...
3 bedrooms	10,840	...	...	230	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10,220	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	32,440	...	...	510	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	7,275	...	...	75	...	...
5 rooms	4,435	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	4,540	...	...	70	...	...
7 rooms	4,525	...	...	95	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,660	...	...	195	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.7	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	32,440	...	...	510	...	...
One person or fewer per room	32,210	...	...	505	...	...
More than 1 person per room	225	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	32,440	...	...	515	...	...
Suitable	31,375	...	...	500	...	...
Not suitable	1,065	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	32,440	...	...	510	...	...
1960 or before	4,355	...	...	35	...	...
1961 to 1980	8,060	...	...	200	...	...
1981 to 1990	4,040	...	...	95	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,395	...	...	25	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,635	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,530	...	...	25	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,430	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	32,440	...	...	515	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	30,730	...	...	510	...	...
Major repairs needed	1,710	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	32,440	...	...	515	...	...
1 household maintainer	18,950	...	...	270	...	...
2 household maintainers	12,595	...	...	245	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	895	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	32,440	...	...	515	...	...
15 to 24 years	880	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,360	...	...	85	...	...
35 to 44 years	5,200	...	...	130	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,640	...	...	85	...	...
55 to 64 years	6,410	...	...	105	...	...
65 to 74 years	4,835	...	...	95	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,010	...	...	10	...	...
85 years and over	1,095	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	31,720	...	...	515	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	23,790	...	...	475	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	7,925	...	...	40	...	...
30% to less than 100%	7,020	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,040	...	...	485	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	65.6	...	...	69.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.0	...	...	7.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,165	...	...	1,109	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,221	...	...	1,105	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	399,710	...	...	284,847	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	424,681	...	...	293,135	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,710	...	...	30	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	9.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	892	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	997	...	...	1,117	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	66,310	32,050	34,255	1,080	540	535
No certificate, diploma or degree	12,505	6,490	6,020	100	65	35
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	23,030	11,325	11,700	415	190	230
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	30,770	14,235	16,535	565	295	265
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,165	5,220	1,945	135	100	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,225	1,875	1,350	40	25	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,940	3,345	595	95	75	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,310	4,355	7,955	240	120	120
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,065	1,070	1,995	35	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,230	3,595	4,640	150	65	90
Bachelor's degree	5,325	2,265	3,055	105	55	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	925	265	660	20	0	20
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	325	215	110	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,495	725	770	30	10	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	165	120	40	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	42,290	20,330	21,960	795	400	400
No certificate, diploma or degree	5,120	2,990	2,130	45	30	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	14,130	7,035	7,095	300	145	155
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,040	10,305	12,735	450	220	230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,930	3,610	1,320	95	70	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,180	1,260	920	20	10	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,750	2,350	400	75	65	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	9,265	3,260	6,000	200	100	95
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,300	775	1,525	30	15	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,550	2,660	3,890	120	40	85
Bachelor's degree	4,265	1,715	2,550	80	30	50
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	750	195	550	15	0	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	250	165	85	0	0	0
Master's degree	1,180	515	665	30	0	20
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	100	65	40	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	66,305	32,055	34,255	1,080	545	535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	35,535	17,815	17,720	515	250	270
Education	2,670	675	1,995	50	20	30
13. Education	2,665	670	1,995	55	20	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	840	370	470	15	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	220	165	55	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	625	205	420	0	0	0
Humanities	1,625	720	900	15	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	95	30	70	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	360	105	255	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	350	120	235	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	0	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	70	40	25	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	500	325	175	0	0	0
54. History	225	110	120	10	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	25	0	20	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,795	910	1,880	30	0	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	135	55	80	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	725	60	665	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	405	90	320	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	55	10	40	0	0	0
42. Psychology	500	155	345	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	945	530	420	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	5,315	1,625	3,695	135	40	90
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	0	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	560	125	435	10	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,740	1,500	3,240	125	35	85
Physical and life sciences and technologies	555	275	285	15	15	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	255	105	150	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	95	35	60	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	130	110	20	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	75	25	45	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	685	425	260	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	510	375	140	15	15	0
25. Library science	100	0	95	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	75	45	30	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	6,665	6,340	330	155	150	0
04. Architecture and related services	65	50	10	0	0	10
14. Engineering	590	540	50	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	955	870	80	40	40	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,885	1,805	80	55	50	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,045	1,965	80	35	35	0
48. Precision production	1,125	1,110	20	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	980	620	360	20	15	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	685	410	275	15	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	295	210	85	10	0	10
Health and related fields	5,985	995	4,995	60	10	55
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	340	150	190	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,535	765	4,765	65	0	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	115	75	35	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,645	1,290	1,360	45	20	30
12. Personal and culinary services	1,615	430	1,180	30	0	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	25	20	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	65	60	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	445	310	130	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	505	460	45	10	10	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	42,290	20,330	21,960	800	400	395
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	19,250	10,025	9,220	345	175	170
Education	1,820	430	1,390	35	10	35
13. Education	1,820	435	1,390	40	10	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	650	260	390	0	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	155	105	50	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	495	160	340	10	0	10
Humanities	1,185	490	695	0	0	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	75	20	60	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	285	85	205	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	290	95	195	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	50	30	20	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	310	200	105	0	0	0
54. History	150	55	95	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	15	0	15	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,365	720	1,640	30	10	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	20	10	10	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	115	40	75	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	615	45	570	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	345	75	265	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	40	0	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	420	120	305	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	800	425	380	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	4,005	1,170	2,840	120	45	75
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	465	95	370	0	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	3,540	1,070	2,465	115	35	75
Physical and life sciences and technologies	425	180	245	0	10	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	200	70	130	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	75	20	50	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	70	20	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	60	20	40	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	580	370	215	15	15	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	450	335	115	15	20	0
25. Library science	85	0	85	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	50	30	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,760	4,460	305	120	110	10
04. Architecture and related services	55	40	10	0	0	0
14. Engineering	415	360	50	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	680	595	80	25	25	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,420	1,350	75	45	40	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,455	1,390	65	30	30	0
48. Precision production	745	720	20	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	760	500	265	15	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	520	330	195	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	240	170	75	10	0	10
Health and related fields	4,495	795	3,700	55	10	50
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	265	125	140	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	4,130	600	3,530	55	10	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	95	70	25	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,980	930	1,045	30	20	20
12. Personal and culinary services	1,215	325	895	15	0	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	25	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	390	270	120	15	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	350	315	30	0	0	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	66,305	32,055	34,255	1,080	545	535
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	35,535	17,815	17,720	520	250	270
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	30,775	14,235	16,535	565	295	270
Location of study inside Canada	27,055	12,345	14,705	535	280	255
Same as province or territory of residence	21,450	9,585	11,865	500	270	225
Different than province or territory of residence	5,605	2,765	2,840	35	0	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	3,725	1,890	1,830	30	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	930	460	470	0	0	0
Philippines	255	80	180	0	0	0
India	80	40	45	10	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	725	435	290	0	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	140	60	85	0	0	0
France	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other	1,565	815	750	10	0	10
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	42,290	20,330	21,960	795	400	400
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	19,250	10,025	9,225	345	175	170
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	23,040	10,300	12,740	445	225	230
Location of study inside Canada	20,575	9,115	11,455	420	210	210
Same as province or territory of residence	16,780	7,300	9,480	390	205	185
Different than province or territory of residence	3,790	1,820	1,975	30	0	25
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,470	1,190	1,280	25	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	635	295	345	0	0	10
Philippines	230	70	160	0	0	0
India	60	30	30	0	0	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	350	215	130	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	140	55	85	0	0	0
France	25	15	15	0	0	0
Other	1,030	515	515	10	10	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	66,310	32,055	34,250	1,075	545	535
In the labour force	42,065	22,305	19,760	830	435	400
Employed	39,355	20,810	18,545	785	405	380
Unemployed	2,705	1,495	1,215	50	30	20
Not in the labour force	24,240	9,750	14,495	250	110	135
Participation rate	63.4	69.6	57.7	77.2	79.8	74.8
Employment rate	59.4	64.9	54.1	73.0	74.3	71.0
Unemployment rate	6.4	6.7	6.1	6.0	6.9	5.0
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	66,310	32,055	34,250	1,080	545	535
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	22,345	9,035	13,310	215	95	120
Worked	43,960	23,015	20,945	865	450	415
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	22,000	13,155	8,845	515	285	230
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	21,960	9,865	12,100	345	165	185
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.7	43.8	41.6	44.6	43.9	45.3
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	42,065	22,305	19,755	830	430	400
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	810	365	445	0	0	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	41,255	21,945	19,310	825	435	395
Employee	35,765	18,615	17,145	750	385	360
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	5,490	3,325	2,165	75	45	30
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	42,065	22,305	19,760	835	430	400
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	810	365	450	10	0	10
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	41,250	21,940	19,315	825	430	395
0 Management occupations	4,380	2,910	1,465	115	65	55
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	5,355	1,260	4,095	140	45	100
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,650	1,355	290	20	15	10
3 Health occupations	2,840	570	2,265	50	10	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,210	1,725	3,490	130	55	75
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	930	385	545	10	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	9,515	3,770	5,745	200	95	105
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	7,895	7,450	450	125	120	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	1,835	1,195	640	30	25	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,640	1,315	325	10	10	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	42,065	22,305	19,760	835	430	400
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	810	365	445	10	0	10
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	41,250	21,945	19,315	825	435	395
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	2,495	1,485	1,005	10	10	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	260	235	25	0	0	0
22 Utilities	115	95	15	20	15	0
23 Construction	4,490	3,930	560	105	90	15
31-33 Manufacturing	3,480	2,760	720	40	40	0
41 Wholesale trade	1,145	900	245	40	35	0
44-45 Retail trade	4,825	2,225	2,600	105	35	65
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,840	1,515	330	30	15	15
51 Information and cultural industries	485	285	200	40	20	20
52 Finance and insurance	1,040	305	735	60	0	55
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	640	290	345	10	10	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,845	1,020	825	20	0	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	50	25	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,190	1,275	915	30	25	10
61 Educational services	2,920	875	2,045	75	35	40
62 Health care and social assistance	4,810	750	4,065	100	25	80
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	695	370	325	0	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	3,075	1,090	1,985	45	25	10
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,170	1,035	1,135	25	10	15
91 Public administration	2,690	1,475	1,215	70	40	30
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	39,355	20,810	18,545	785	405	380
Worked at home	3,460	1,660	1,800	55	25	35
Worked outside Canada	125	80	35	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	6,270	4,845	1,425	75	65	15
Worked at usual place	29,505	14,225	15,280	650	315	335
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	29,505	14,220	15,280	650	315	330
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	19,140	8,450	10,690	60	35	20
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	6,745	3,305	3,445	35	10	25
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,470	2,360	1,110	555	270	285
Commute to a different province or territory	145	115	30	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	35,775	19,065	16,705	730	380	345
Car, truck, van - as a driver	30,135	16,135	14,000	665	360	300
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,410	1,215	1,195	40	15	30
Public transit	675	320	355	0	10	0
Walked	1,515	720	795	20	0	15
Bicycle	480	345	140	0	0	0
Other method	555	335	225	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	35,770	19,070	16,705	725	380	350
Less than 15 minutes	13,220	6,090	7,135	80	30	45
15 to 29 minutes	11,445	5,775	5,680	265	130	135
30 to 44 minutes	5,570	3,180	2,390	245	145	100
45 to 59 minutes	1,880	1,235	645	95	50	45
60 minutes and over	3,650	2,795	860	40	20	20
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	35,770	19,065	16,705	730	380	350
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,845	2,910	935	40	40	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	6,710	4,465	2,245	155	110	45
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	9,030	4,660	4,365	255	95	155
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,305	2,310	4,005	155	75	85
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	3,575	1,265	2,310	60	25	35
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	6,305	3,460	2,845	65	40	25
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	45,365	23,650	21,715	895	460	440
Single responses	45,165	23,525	21,635	885	450	435
Official languages	44,870	23,380	21,490	880	450	430
English	44,800	23,360	21,440	835	425	400
French	70	15	50	50	20	25
Non-official languages	295	150	145	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	295	150	145	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	105	45	60	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	10	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	25	15	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	25	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	30	0	25	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	25	0	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	40	20	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	95	50	45	0	0	0
Chinese languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Cantonese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	60	30	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	200	120	80	10	10	0
English and French	30	15	15	10	0	0
English and non-official language	170	105	70	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	45,365	23,650	21,720	900	460	435
None	44,295	23,145	21,150	795	415	380
English	175	75	105	35	20	15
French	265	135	130	65	30	35
Non-official language	605	285	320	0	0	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	600	285	310	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	81,240	39,745	41,495	1,350	695	655
Non-movers	67,845	33,225	34,625	1,205	620	585
Movers	13,390	6,525	6,870	140	75	65
Non-migrants	7,900	3,815	4,090	45	25	15
Migrants	5,490	2,710	2,780	100	50	45
Internal migrants	5,225	2,600	2,625	100	50	50
Intraprovincial migrants	4,165	2,065	2,100	95	50	50
Interprovincial migrants	1,065	540	520	0	0	0
External migrants	260	105	155	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	76,895	37,505	39,385	1,285	660	625
Non-movers	41,880	20,580	21,305	800	410	390
Movers	35,010	16,930	18,080	485	250	235
Non-migrants	19,690	9,550	10,145	120	65	60
Migrants	15,320	7,380	7,945	360	185	175
Internal migrants	14,060	6,745	7,310	355	180	175
Intraprovincial migrants	11,230	5,355	5,875	320	155	160
Interprovincial migrants	2,825	1,390	1,440	40	25	15
External migrants	1,255	630	630	0	10	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Chilliwack, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 22, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Chilliwack, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and St. Adolphe [Population centre], Manitoba