Census Profile, 2016 Census
Coquitlam, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Grand Forks [Population centre], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Coquitlam, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]			Grand Forks British Columbia [Population centre]
	Data quality , Coquitlam, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : Coquitlam, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Grand Forks [Population centre], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	139,284	...	...	3,953	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	126,804 ^r	...	...	3,892^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	9.8	...	...	1.6	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	54,393	...	...	1,902	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	51,325	...	...	1,824	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,138.9	...	...	534.6	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	122.30	...	...	7.39	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	139,285	68,255	71,030	3,950	1,880	2,065
0 to 14 years	22,220	11,395	10,830	505	250	260
0 to 4 years	6,895	3,550	3,345	140	65	70
5 to 9 years	7,765	3,890	3,870	165	90	80
10 to 14 years	7,565	3,955	3,610	200	95	110
15 to 64 years	97,680	47,975	49,700	2,125	1,040	1,085
15 to 19 years	9,085	4,745	4,340	155	80	80
20 to 24 years	9,700	5,110	4,595	135	80	50
25 to 29 years	8,620	4,480	4,150	155	90	70
30 to 34 years	8,940	4,370	4,570	145	70	75
35 to 39 years	9,005	4,225	4,785	175	85	85
40 to 44 years	9,835	4,505	5,330	180	80	100
45 to 49 years	11,370	5,355	6,015	220	100	120
50 to 54 years	11,640	5,700	5,945	290	135	150
55 to 59 years	10,720	5,200	5,520	305	145	160
60 to 64 years	8,755	4,295	4,465	370	180	195
65 years and over	19,380	8,885	10,495	1,315	590	725
65 to 69 years	6,800	3,300	3,500	345	165	185
70 to 74 years	4,575	2,145	2,430	335	150	190
75 to 79 years	3,455	1,605	1,855	235	115	120
80 to 84 years	2,345	1,060	1,285	195	90	105
85 years and over	2,210	775	1,435	205	70	135
85 to 89 years	1,395	555	840	130	45	85
90 to 94 years	630	175	455	65	25	35
95 to 99 years	160	40	120	15	0	10
100 years and over	20	5	20	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.0	16.7	15.2	12.8	13.3	12.6
15 to 64 years	70.1	70.3	70.0	53.8	55.3	52.5
65 years and over	13.9	13.0	14.8	33.3	31.4	35.1
85 years and over	1.6	1.1	2.0	5.2	3.7	6.5
Average age of the population	40.2	39.3	41.0	50.6	49.2	51.8
Median age of the population	41.1	39.8	42.3	55.2	54.0	56.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	51,325	...	...	1,820	...	...
Single-detached house	19,785	...	...	1,400	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	5,915	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	25,380	...	...	350	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,590	...	...	30	...	...
Row house	4,910	...	...	115	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	7,480	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	11,375	...	...	200	...	...
Other single-attached house	15	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	255	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	51,325	...	...	1,825	...	...
1 person	11,410	...	...	635	...	...
2 persons	15,580	...	...	775	...	...
3 persons	9,890	...	...	205	...	...
4 persons	9,385	...	...	135	...	...
5 or more persons	5,050	...	...	75	...	...
Number of persons in private households	138,090	...	...	3,745	...	...
Average household size	2.7	...	...	2.1	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	117,060	56,860	60,200	3,440	1,630	1,810
Married or living common law	69,930	34,660	35,270	1,900	955	945
Married	62,735	31,060	31,670	1,535	770	765
Living common law	7,195	3,600	3,595	365	185	185
Not married and not living common law	47,135	22,195	24,940	1,540	675	865
Never married	33,105	17,925	15,175	690	390	300
Separated	2,790	1,105	1,680	130	55	70
Divorced	6,240	2,230	4,005	320	145	175
Widowed	5,000	935	4,070	400	85	315
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	40,080	...	...	1,145	...	...
2 persons	17,455	...	...	790	...	...
3 persons	10,345	...	...	170	...	...
4 persons	9,670	...	...	115	...	...
5 or more persons	2,615	...	...	60	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	40,085	...	...	1,145	...	...
Total couple families	33,910	...	...	920	...	...
Married couples	30,315	...	...	740	...	...
Common-law couples	3,600	...	...	185	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	6,170	...	...	220	...	...
Female parent	4,985	...	...	170	...	...
Male parent	1,185	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	33,910	...	...	925	...	...
Couples without children	13,565	...	...	640	...	...
Couples with children	20,345	...	...	285	...	...
1 child	8,540	...	...	125	...	...
2 children	9,280	...	...	100	...	...
3 or more children	2,520	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	6,175	...	...	220	...	...
1 child	3,890	...	...	155	...	...
2 children	1,800	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	480	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	19,735	9,230	10,500	845	385	460
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	51,325	...	...	1,825	...	...
One-census-family households	36,220	...	...	1,105	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,815	...	...	615	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	24,405	...	...	490	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	1,875	...	...	20	...	...
Non-census-family households	13,230	...	...	700	...	...
One-person households	11,415	...	...	635	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,815	...	...	65	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	138,330	67,900	70,435	3,785	1,825	1,965
English only	122,745	61,225	61,510	3,655	1,765	1,895
French only	60	25	35	5	0	5
English and French	8,710	3,810	4,895	115	55	60
Neither English nor French	6,830	2,840	3,995	5	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	138,335	67,900	70,435	3,780	1,820	1,965
English	129,250	64,035	65,215	3,745	1,795	1,945
French	1,320	630	690	35	20	15
English and French	1,030	450	580	0	0	5
Neither English nor French	6,735	2,785	3,945	5	5	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,835	850	985	35	20	15
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.3	1.3	1.4	0.9	1.1	0.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	138,335	67,900	70,435	3,785	1,820	1,965
Single responses	133,980	65,790	68,185	3,740	1,800	1,940
Official languages	71,150	36,065	35,085	3,280	1,615	1,665
English	69,830	35,450	34,380	3,250	1,595	1,650
French	1,320	615	705	40	20	15
Non-official languages	62,830	29,730	33,100	460	190	275
Aboriginal languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	5	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	5	0	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	62,805	29,725	33,080	460	190	275
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,235	645	595	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,225	640	585	0	0	0
Amharic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	1,110	580	530	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	25	10	0	0	0
Maltese	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	655	290	365	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	635	285	350	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,510	1,425	2,085	25	5	20
Bikol	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	125	50	75	5	0	5
Fijian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	75	30	45	5	0	5
Ilocano	120	50	70	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	420	195	220	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,705	1,075	1,630	20	5	15
Waray-Waray	10	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	5	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	15	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	190	95	100	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	55	25	30	0	0	0
Tamil	95	45	50	0	0	0
Telugu	35	10	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	22,690	11,115	11,575	400	160	235
Albanian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Armenian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,030	2,420	2,615	265	100	165
Baltic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Latvian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	4,985	2,395	2,595	265	100	160
Belarusan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	100	55	50	0	0	0
Bulgarian	195	100	100	0	0	0
Croatian	520	260	265	0	0	0
Czech	210	105	105	5	0	5
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,100	530	565	5	0	0
Russian	1,870	885	985	235	90	150
Serbian	355	185	170	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	55	30	20	0	0	0
Slovak	205	85	120	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	15	20	5	0	0
Ukrainian	290	125	170	15	5	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,575	770	810	75	40	35
Afrikaans	80	40	45	0	0	0
Danish	115	55	60	5	0	0
Dutch	285	140	140	20	5	10
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,005	495	510	50	25	25
Icelandic	5	5	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Swedish	50	20	25	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Greek	205	115	85	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10,260	5,100	5,165	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	2,890	1,405	1,490	30	15	15
Bengali	50	30	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	385	175	205	0	0	0
Hindi	545	260	280	0	5	0
Kashmiri	0	5	0	0	0	0
Konkani	15	10	10	0	0	0
Marathi	65	35	25	0	0	0
Nepali	125	65	65	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,175	555	615	25	10	15
Sindhi	115	55	60	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	115	55	60	0	0	0
Urdu	310	155	150	5	0	0
Iranian languages	7,350	3,685	3,665	0	0	0
Kurdish	240	120	120	0	0	0
Pashto	60	30	30	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	7,050	3,535	3,515	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,490	2,650	2,840	25	10	20
Catalan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	1,335	695	645	10	10	5
Portuguese	630	295	340	5	0	0
Romanian	1,125	565	565	0	0	5
Spanish	2,395	1,105	1,290	10	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	765	270	490	5	5	5
Kartvelian languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	5	5	0	0	0
Korean	8,565	4,045	4,525	5	0	0
Mongolic languages	40	20	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	130	55	80	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ewe	5	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ganda	5	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	25	5	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dinka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	15	15	5	5	0
American Sign Language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	23,805	11,200	12,605	10	5	5
Chinese languages	23,740	11,175	12,570	10	5	5
Cantonese	8,890	4,250	4,640	5	0	0
Hakka	170	80	90	0	0	0
Mandarin	13,360	6,240	7,120	5	0	0
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	670	305	370	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	255	115	140	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	380	175	205	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	65	25	35	0	0	0
Burmese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	115	40	80	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	95	25	70	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	350	185	165	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	105	55	50	0	0	0
Turkish	200	110	90	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	5	0	0	0
Uzbek	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	650	295	355	10	5	5
Estonian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Finnish	180	70	110	10	0	5
Hungarian	460	220	240	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	5	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	4,355	2,110	2,245	40	15	25
English and French	320	155	165	5	5	0
English and non-official language	3,840	1,860	1,975	35	15	25
French and non-official language	80	40	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	115	45	70	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	138,335	67,900	70,435	3,780	1,820	1,965
Single responses	127,615	62,710	64,905	3,700	1,785	1,910
Official languages	88,145	43,990	44,155	3,645	1,765	1,880
English	87,800	43,840	43,960	3,635	1,760	1,875
French	345	155	190	5	0	0
Non-official languages	39,465	18,720	20,750	55	25	30
Aboriginal languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	5	5	5	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	39,460	18,715	20,745	55	20	30
Afro-Asiatic languages	700	345	360	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	700	340	355	0	0	0
Amharic	10	0	5	0	0	0
Arabic	655	325	330	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	20	10	5	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	330	140	185	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	330	140	190	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,340	600	740	5	0	5
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	45	20	25	0	0	0
Fijian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	20	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	130	60	70	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,075	485	595	5	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	60	20	35	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	40	15	25	0	0	0
Telugu	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	11,510	5,550	5,955	35	15	25
Albanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,490	1,220	1,270	10	5	5
Baltic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,460	1,205	1,255	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	125	60	65	0	0	0
Croatian	175	80	95	0	0	0
Czech	65	25	40	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Polish	445	215	230	0	0	5
Russian	1,255	610	640	5	0	5
Serbian	160	90	75	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Slovak	70	35	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	80	45	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	145	75	75	5	0	0
Afrikaans	30	15	15	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	10	15	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	85	45	40	5	0	0
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	20	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	6,480	3,135	3,350	20	15	10
Indo-Aryan languages	1,245	580	665	20	10	10
Bengali	25	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	155	65	90	0	0	0
Hindi	190	90	100	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	35	20	15	0	0	0
Nepali	100	50	55	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	510	240	275	15	5	10
Sindhi	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Urdu	135	60	75	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5,230	2,545	2,690	0	0	0
Kurdish	170	80	85	0	0	0
Pashto	50	20	25	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5,015	2,440	2,575	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,285	1,075	1,205	0	0	5
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	235	100	135	0	0	0
Portuguese	165	80	90	0	0	0
Romanian	565	270	290	0	0	0
Spanish	1,315	625	690	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	400	160	240	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	6,875	3,250	3,625	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	35	20	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	17,695	8,360	9,335	5	5	0
Chinese languages	17,650	8,340	9,310	5	5	5
Cantonese	6,255	2,930	3,325	10	5	5
Hakka	55	25	30	0	0	0
Mandarin	10,680	5,080	5,605	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	280	130	155	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	150	70	85	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	215	115	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Burmese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	5	0	0	0
Thai	30	15	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	145	75	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	50	25	25	0	0	0
Turkish	85	40	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	250	130	120	0	5	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	190	105	90	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	10,720	5,190	5,530	85	30	55
English and French	220	110	105	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10,290	4,990	5,305	80	30	50
French and non-official language	35	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	175	75	105	0	0	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	138,335	67,895	70,435	3,780	1,820	1,965
None	106,290	52,605	53,685	3,590	1,740	1,850
English	15,440	7,535	7,900	25	10	15
French	1,065	505	565	10	5	10
Non-official language	15,080	7,060	8,015	160	65	90
Aboriginal	20	5	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15,060	7,060	8,005	160	65	90
English and French	70	25	40	0	0	0
English and non-official language	260	115	145	0	0	5
French and non-official language	125	50	80	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	115,875	56,430	59,445	3,235	1,555	1,680
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	110,100	53,590	56,505	3,155	1,520	1,630
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,835	39,635	26,081	26,466	34,267	21,952
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	110,255	53,740	56,510	3,155	1,520	1,635
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,848	34,672	24,606	24,885	31,232	21,392
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	99,335	49,375	49,960	2,755	1,360	1,395
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,897	40,091	24,998	20,704	28,736	15,568
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,755	31,900	43,850	2,540	1,145	1,395
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,148	1,068	3,115	11,022	11,463	9,747
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	82,455	42,270	40,185	2,000	990	1,010
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,288	41,964	27,935	22,515	30,912	18,240
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	115,880	56,385	59,490	3,280	1,585	1,695
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	110,130	53,505	56,630	3,240	1,570	1,665
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,731	52,827	35,137	34,009	41,210	27,220
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	110,295	53,660	56,635	3,240	1,570	1,670
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,575	42,906	30,577	29,991	35,637	24,668
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	99,090	49,205	49,885	2,860	1,415	1,440
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,052	53,771	34,467	29,499	37,105	22,036
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,970	31,705	44,260	2,605	1,195	1,410
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,936	5,699	6,105	9,958	10,312	9,659
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	82,455	42,240	40,210	2,105	1,060	1,040
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,056	54,334	35,309	30,277	37,707	22,733
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	115,875	56,385	59,495	3,280	1,585	1,695
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	36,360	21,135	15,225	745	435	315
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	56,143	63,107	49,187	44,465	57,780	37,765
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	66,928	75,402	55,166	52,112	59,434	41,931
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.8	93.7	86.6	76.3	80.6	70.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.1	80.9	71.7	57.7	61.2	52.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.2	6.3	13.4	23.7	19.6	29.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	115,875	56,430	59,445	3,240	1,560	1,680
Without total income	5,780	2,835	2,940	85	35	50
With total income	110,095	53,595	56,505	3,150	1,520	1,635
Percentage with total income	95.0	95.0	95.1	97.2	97.4	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	21,325	8,840	12,490	410	150	260
$10,000 to $19,999	18,350	7,430	10,920	745	285	455
$20,000 to $29,999	13,285	5,705	7,580	585	245	340
$30,000 to $39,999	11,030	5,005	6,030	375	175	200
$40,000 to $49,999	10,250	4,840	5,405	320	155	165
$50,000 to $59,999	8,400	4,205	4,195	225	140	85
$60,000 to $69,999	6,450	3,665	2,780	180	125	50
$70,000 to $79,999	5,010	2,865	2,140	115	90	20
$80,000 to $89,999	3,890	2,375	1,515	65	50	10
$90,000 to $99,999	2,965	1,860	1,110	60	40	15
$100,000 and over	9,155	6,805	2,350	80	60	20
$100,000 to $149,999	6,270	4,495	1,770	60	45	15
$150,000 and over	2,885	2,310	575	15	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	115,875	56,430	59,445	3,240	1,555	1,680
Without after-tax income	5,620	2,690	2,930	80	40	45
With after-tax income	110,255	53,740	56,515	3,155	1,520	1,635
Percentage with after-tax income	95.1	95.2	95.1	97.4	97.7	97.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	21,935	9,240	12,695	425	155	270
$10,000 to $19,999	19,200	7,895	11,305	795	315	480
$20,000 to $29,999	15,565	6,865	8,700	650	265	380
$30,000 to $39,999	13,310	6,145	7,165	430	210	220
$40,000 to $49,999	11,630	5,655	5,975	320	180	140
$50,000 to $59,999	8,630	4,800	3,825	250	180	70
$60,000 to $69,999	6,000	3,510	2,490	125	95	30
$70,000 to $79,999	4,580	2,800	1,785	75	55	20
$80,000 and over	9,400	6,825	2,570	80	60	25
$80,000 to $89,999	2,990	1,975	1,015	40	35	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,940	1,390	550	20	15	5
$100,000 and over	4,475	3,465	1,005	20	15	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	115,875	56,430	59,445	3,240	1,560	1,680
Without employment income	33,420	14,160	19,260	1,235	565	675
With employment income	82,450	42,270	40,185	2,005	995	1,005
Percentage with employment income	71.2	74.9	67.6	61.9	63.8	59.8
Under $5,000 (including loss)	11,925	5,210	6,715	470	210	260
$5,000 to $9,999	6,315	2,645	3,670	170	70	100
$10,000 to $19,999	10,730	4,800	5,935	290	120	165
$20,000 to $29,999	8,735	4,055	4,680	225	90	130
$30,000 to $39,999	8,025	3,685	4,340	190	75	115
$40,000 to $49,999	7,840	3,710	4,130	165	60	105
$50,000 to $59,999	6,460	3,325	3,140	130	90	40
$60,000 to $69,999	5,050	2,900	2,150	120	85	40
$70,000 to $79,999	4,135	2,485	1,655	80	65	15
$80,000 and over	13,230	9,460	3,770	155	120	35
$80,000 to $89,999	3,310	2,045	1,265	55	40	15
$90,000 to $99,999	2,490	1,645	845	45	35	10
$100,000 and over	7,440	5,775	1,660	55	45	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	51,325	...	...	1,825	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	74,383	...	...	49,050	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	65,020	...	...	44,487	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	11,415	...	...	635	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,505	...	...	25,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,939	...	...	24,448	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	39,910	...	...	1,190	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,892	...	...	63,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,097	...	...	57,173	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	51,325	...	...	1,835	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	93,837	...	...	60,050	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	78,598	...	...	52,955	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	11,410	...	...	595	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,368	...	...	33,793	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,360	...	...	30,069	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	39,915	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	107,693	...	...	72,567	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,101	...	...	63,866	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	51,325	...	...	1,825	...	...
Under $5,000	1,620	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	840	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,185	...	...	55	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,670	...	...	125	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,840	...	...	140	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,040	...	...	100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,025	...	...	110	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,980	...	...	115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,020	...	...	135	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,920	...	...	105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,740	...	...	170	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,400	...	...	150	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,115	...	...	120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,815	...	...	105	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,595	...	...	90	...	...
$100,000 and over	18,535	...	...	265	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,375	...	...	125	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,115	...	...	65	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,920	...	...	60	...	...
$200,000 and over	4,120	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	51,325	...	...	1,825	...	...
Under $5,000	1,675	...	...	35	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	850	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,220	...	...	65	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	1,720	...	...	130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,060	...	...	155	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,425	...	...	120	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,470	...	...	115	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,400	...	...	155	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,325	...	...	140	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,350	...	...	105	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,200	...	...	195	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,780	...	...	140	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,510	...	...	135	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,055	...	...	90	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,765	...	...	65	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,520	...	...	160	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,550	...	...	90	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,585	...	...	45	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,385	...	...	30	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	38,875	...	...	1,140	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,425	...	...	62,925	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	78,677	...	...	56,883	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,610	...	...	605	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	80,614	...	...	59,904	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,381	...	...	54,400	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	20,370	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	112,251	...	...	87,296	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	96,554	...	...	77,824	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,660	...	...	215	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,351	...	...	42,752	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,227	...	...	40,192	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	38,850	...	...	1,205	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	107,551	...	...	70,736	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,844	...	...	62,260	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,620	...	...	635	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	95,751	...	...	65,939	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	79,277	...	...	58,443	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	20,405	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	127,102	...	...	93,666	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,846	...	...	81,316	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,680	...	...	240	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,277	...	...	50,475	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	54,435	...	...	45,058	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	16,210	7,920	8,290	775	360	420
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,928	36,293	30,208	24,896	25,056	24,672
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,676	32,226	27,756	23,637	23,648	23,616
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	16,080	7,620	8,460	750	335	420
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,652	43,256	36,407	33,487	36,434	31,136
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,795	36,264	31,571	29,721	31,569	28,248
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	138,090	67,820	70,270	3,740	1,805	1,935
In the bottom half of the distribution	66,015	31,560	34,455	2,510	1,165	1,345
In the bottom decile	18,305	8,705	9,605	470	215	255
In the second decile	13,035	6,090	6,945	575	245	335
In the third decile	11,430	5,415	6,010	560	255	305
In the fourth decile	11,360	5,520	5,840	470	240	230
In the fifth decile	11,890	5,830	6,060	425	210	215
In the top half of the distribution	72,075	36,260	35,815	1,235	645	590
In the sixth decile	12,330	6,080	6,250	365	190	180
In the seventh decile	13,670	6,800	6,870	355	195	165
In the eighth decile	15,025	7,545	7,480	210	110	100
In the ninth decile	15,715	7,955	7,760	200	105	100
In the top decile	15,340	7,880	7,460	95	50	45
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	138,090	67,825	70,270	3,745	1,805	1,935
0 to 17 years	27,520	14,200	13,320	605	295	305
0 to 5 years	8,315	4,250	4,070	170	80	90
18 to 64 years	92,060	44,950	47,115	2,005	975	1,030
65 years and over	18,510	8,675	9,835	1,130	530	600
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	24,500	11,525	12,980	770	330	440
0 to 17 years	5,940	3,090	2,850	175	80	95
0 to 5 years	1,595	810	790	50	20	25
18 to 64 years	15,530	7,140	8,390	390	165	225
65 years and over	3,030	1,300	1,735	205	85	120
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	17.7	17.0	18.5	20.6	18.3	22.7
0 to 17 years (%)	21.6	21.8	21.4	28.9	27.1	31.1
0 to 5 years (%)	19.2	19.1	19.4	29.4	25.0	27.8
18 to 64 years (%)	16.9	15.9	17.8	19.5	16.9	21.8
65 years and over (%)	16.4	15.0	17.6	18.1	16.0	20.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	20,360	9,670	10,690	280	130	150
0 to 17 years	4,995	2,620	2,375	65	20	40
0 to 5 years	1,295	680	615	15	5	10
18 to 64 years	13,530	6,290	7,245	190	95	95
65 years and over	1,835	765	1,075	20	5	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	14.7	14.3	15.2	7.5	7.2	7.8
0 to 17 years (%)	18.2	18.5	17.8	10.7	6.8	13.1
0 to 5 years (%)	15.6	16.0	15.1	8.8	6.3	11.1
18 to 64 years (%)	14.7	14.0	15.4	9.5	9.7	9.2
65 years and over (%)	9.9	8.8	10.9	1.8	0.9	1.7
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	138,090	67,820	70,270	3,825	1,875	1,950
Official languages	131,245	64,980	66,265	3,825	1,875	1,945
English	131,205	64,965	66,235	3,825	1,875	1,950
French	8,395	3,710	4,680	125	65	65
Non-official languages	73,190	34,835	38,355	625	265	360
Aboriginal languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	25	10	20	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	73,145	34,815	38,335	620	260	365
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,790	925	860	10	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,780	925	860	0	0	0
Amharic	50	25	20	0	0	0
Arabic	1,525	780	745	0	0	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	160	95	65	0	0	0
Maltese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	715	330	385	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	20	0	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	695	330	370	10	10	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	4,875	2,105	2,770	40	10	35
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	210	70	140	25	0	20
Fijian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	155	80	75	0	10	10
Ilocano	235	90	145	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	715	350	355	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	50	15	30	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,955	1,665	2,290	25	10	20
Waray-Waray	15	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	100	70	30	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	75	55	25	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	20	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	290	120	165	0	0	0
Kannada	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malayalam	80	35	50	0	0	0
Tamil	170	80	90	0	0	0
Telugu	30	10	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	28,230	13,775	14,460	515	230	290
Albanian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Armenian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5,715	2,865	2,855	275	115	160
Baltic languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5,705	2,865	2,840	275	115	160
Belarusan	25	0	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	110	60	45	0	0	0
Bulgarian	215	120	90	0	0	0
Croatian	825	425	400	0	0	0
Czech	280	135	150	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,135	585	550	0	10	0
Russian	2,350	1,125	1,225	255	105	155
Serbian	585	310	270	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Slovak	230	115	115	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	455	185	270	10	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	10	0	0	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,360	1,145	1,215	115	55	55
Afrikaans	325	175	150	0	0	0
Danish	170	75	95	0	0	0
Dutch	295	140	155	30	10	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,470	705	765	80	45	40
Icelandic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Norwegian	55	40	20	10	0	0
Swedish	90	40	50	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	300	160	135	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	12,595	6,290	6,310	35	20	20
Indo-Aryan languages	4,350	2,145	2,205	35	20	20
Bengali	85	45	45	0	0	0
Gujarati	880	420	460	0	0	0
Hindi	1,790	885	905	30	20	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	20	10	10	0	0	0
Marathi	150	80	70	0	0	0
Nepali	165	90	75	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,680	830	845	20	10	10
Sindhi	245	105	140	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	110	65	40	0	0	0
Urdu	410	205	210	0	0	0
Iranian languages	8,290	4,170	4,120	0	0	0
Kurdish	315	150	160	0	0	0
Pashto	85	50	35	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	8,105	4,090	4,015	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	100	45	55	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	7,955	3,700	4,255	100	40	60
Catalan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	2,150	1,055	1,095	30	15	15
Portuguese	850	375	475	10	10	10
Romanian	1,130	555	575	0	0	0
Spanish	4,185	1,885	2,300	65	20	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Japanese	1,435	640	795	20	10	0
Kartvelian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	9,595	4,645	4,950	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	325	190	130	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	20	10	15	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	10	15	0	0	0
Shona	25	10	15	0	0	0
Swahili	145	80	60	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	65	45	25	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	140	60	85	15	10	10
American Sign Language	100	40	65	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	40	20	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	26,625	12,505	14,110	15	0	0
Chinese languages	26,575	12,480	14,095	15	10	0
Cantonese	11,070	5,185	5,885	10	10	0
Hakka	205	100	110	0	0	0
Mandarin	18,065	8,410	9,655	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,055	485	565	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	310	140	165	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	485	260	230	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	55	30	20	0	0	0
Burmese	30	20	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	20	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	145	55	95	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	130	40	90	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	655	285	365	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	130	50	80	0	0	0
Turkish	505	215	280	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	55	35	25	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	20	0	20	0	0	0
Uralic languages	680	330	350	20	10	15
Estonian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Finnish	150	55	90	20	10	15
Hungarian	515	265	250	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	138,090	67,820	70,270	3,825	1,875	1,950
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	118,870	58,850	60,020	3,725	1,845	1,885
Canadian citizens aged under 18	24,335	12,635	11,700	590	310	280
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	94,535	46,220	48,320	3,135	1,535	1,605
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	19,225	8,970	10,255	100	35	65
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	138,090	67,820	70,270	3,825	1,880	1,950
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	73,150	37,050	36,105	3,405	1,700	1,700
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	61,060	28,965	32,090	415	170	250
Before 1981	10,015	4,835	5,180	245	105	135
1981 to 1990	6,465	3,190	3,275	50	20	30
1991 to 2000	16,680	7,950	8,730	50	15	40
2001 to 2010	18,365	8,565	9,800	60	30	30
2001 to 2005	9,440	4,425	5,015	20	0	10
2006 to 2010	8,930	4,140	4,780	35	20	15
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	9,530	4,430	5,100	10	0	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	3,880	1,800	2,080	10	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	61,055	28,970	32,090	420	170	245
Under 5 years	5,145	2,645	2,500	60	35	25
5 to 14 years	10,720	5,790	4,930	75	35	40
15 to 24 years	10,235	4,735	5,505	105	55	50
25 to 44 years	27,545	12,190	15,360	150	50	100
45 years and over	7,410	3,610	3,795	25	0	25
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	61,060	28,970	32,090	420	170	245
Americas	3,615	1,710	1,910	100	40	65
Brazil	200	80	120	0	0	0
Colombia	175	75	100	0	0	0
El Salvador	345	155	190	0	0	0
Guyana	55	30	25	0	0	0
Haiti	50	35	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	135	80	60	0	0	0
Mexico	550	210	340	10	0	10
Peru	195	75	115	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	135	85	55	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,065	570	490	95	40	55
Other places of birth in Americas	710	315	390	0	0	0
Europe	10,590	5,140	5,450	200	90	110
Bosnia and Herzegovina	215	105	105	0	0	0
Croatia	380	205	175	0	0	0
France	120	65	55	10	10	0
Germany	595	280	315	40	25	15
Greece	90	45	45	0	0	0
Hungary	260	120	140	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	115	70	45	0	0	0
Italy	855	440	415	10	10	0
Netherlands	235	135	100	25	10	15
Poland	880	430	455	10	10	0
Portugal	265	125	135	10	10	0
Romania	940	485	455	0	0	0
Russian Federation	920	420	505	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	320	175	145	0	0	0
Ukraine	445	200	250	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,450	1,125	1,330	80	30	50
Other places of birth in Europe	1,500	715	785	25	10	20
Africa	1,950	970	980	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Egypt	290	155	135	0	0	0
Ethiopia	50	25	25	0	0	0
Kenya	320	160	155	0	0	0
Morocco	35	15	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	20	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	10	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	545	290	255	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	685	310	375	10	0	0
Asia	44,200	20,820	23,380	95	30	65
Afghanistan	780	400	380	0	0	0
Bangladesh	40	30	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	10,980	5,030	5,955	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	4,550	2,210	2,340	0	0	0
India	1,745	820	925	35	20	10
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	6,100	3,065	3,030	0	0	0
Iraq	355	160	195	0	0	0
Japan	505	140	365	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	7,215	3,455	3,750	0	0	0
Lebanon	150	105	50	0	0	0
Pakistan	280	150	130	0	0	0
Philippines	4,140	1,745	2,395	45	0	35
Sri Lanka	185	105	80	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	320	150	175	0	0	0
Taiwan	2,745	1,310	1,435	0	0	0
Viet Nam	675	290	380	0	10	0
Other places of birth in Asia	3,430	1,650	1,785	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	700	335	370	15	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	9,530	4,430	5,100	10	0	10
Americas	535	260	280	0	0	0
Brazil	50	25	30	0	0	0
Colombia	25	10	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	175	75	105	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	140	65	75	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	120	75	50	0	0	0
Europe	795	375	420	0	0	0
France	15	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	15	15	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	35	10	20	0	0	0
Romania	85	40	50	0	0	0
Russian Federation	235	100	135	0	0	0
Ukraine	50	20	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	110	55	50	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	240	110	125	0	0	0
Africa	230	130	105	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	125	50	70	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	45	35	15	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	40	20	20	0	0	0
Asia	7,920	3,650	4,265	10	0	0
Afghanistan	160	105	55	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	2,370	1,035	1,335	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	185	75	110	0	0	0
India	155	70	85	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	1,605	835	775	0	0	0
Iraq	120	55	60	0	0	0
Israel	40	25	10	0	0	0
Japan	65	15	55	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	1,495	670	825	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	15	0	0	0	0
Nepal	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	0	0	0	0
Philippines	685	295	390	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	30	10	20	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	275	130	150	0	0	0
Taiwan	180	70	115	0	0	0
Turkey	15	10	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	10	15	0	0	0
Viet Nam	50	25	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	395	175	220	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	50	15	30	0	0	0
Australia	25	0	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	25	10	10	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	138,095	67,825	70,270	3,825	1,880	1,950
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	65,805	31,215	34,585	425	170	250
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	32,170	16,235	15,935	650	335	315
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	40,120	20,380	19,745	2,755	1,370	1,380
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	51,645	24,410	27,235	170	60	115
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	34,905	17,195	17,715	60	25	35
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	12,505	8,260	4,240	25	10	20
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	22,400	8,935	13,465	30	20	15
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10,380	3,960	6,425	110	35	75
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	5,665	2,920	2,745	10	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	690	340	350	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	138,095	67,820	70,270	3,825	1,875	1,945
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	3,100	1,480	1,620	285	120	165
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	2,965	1,410	1,555	265	110	150
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,660	825	835	100	50	50
Métis	1,265	570	695	160	60	100
Inuk (Inuit)	35	10	30	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	100	45	55	25	10	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	30	30	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	134,995	66,345	68,655	3,540	1,755	1,785
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	138,095	67,820	70,270	3,825	1,875	1,950
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	865	425	440	45	40	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	137,225	67,395	69,830	3,780	1,840	1,940
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	138,095	67,820	70,270	3,825	1,875	1,950
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	455	250	205	40	15	20
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	450	245	200	40	15	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	330	160	170	30	15	15
Métis single ancestry	120	85	30	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	3,415	1,625	1,785	335	130	205
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	3,250	1,545	1,700	310	130	180
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	2,165	1,090	1,080	150	55	95
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,065	450	615	160	75	85
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	165	80	80	25	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	165	80	85	25	0	25
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	134,225	65,945	68,280	3,455	1,735	1,720
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	138,095	67,820	70,270	3,825	1,880	1,950
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	69,270	33,305	35,965	155	70	85
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	6,220	3,040	3,185	45	20	25
Chinese	28,935	13,865	15,070	20	10	10
Black	1,515	835	680	15	10	0
Filipino	5,445	2,395	3,050	45	15	35
Latin American	2,190	980	1,210	0	0	0
Arab	1,390	670	715	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,760	785	975	0	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	7,750	3,945	3,805	0	0	0
Korean	9,930	4,875	5,060	0	0	0
Japanese	1,535	660	875	15	15	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	275	135	140	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	2,315	1,120	1,195	10	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	68,825	34,520	34,305	3,665	1,805	1,865
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	138,095	67,820	70,270	3,825	1,875	1,945
North American Aboriginal origins	3,870	1,875	1,990	370	145	225
First Nations (North American Indian)	2,665	1,335	1,335	200	70	135
Inuit	15	10	10	0	0	0
Métis	1,355	615	740	195	75	115
Other North American origins	19,435	9,635	9,805	1,015	515	500
Acadian	60	15	40	0	0	0
American	1,500	700	800	120	50	70
Canadian	18,450	9,190	9,265	900	470	430
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	10	0	0	0
European origins	67,060	33,445	33,610	3,260	1,575	1,690
British Isles origins	39,310	19,490	19,820	2,035	970	1,065
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	10
Cornish	20	15	0	0	0	0
English	24,905	12,100	12,805	1,170	510	655
Irish	13,390	6,370	7,025	745	385	360
Manx	25	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish	18,085	8,820	9,270	835	385	450
Welsh	2,275	1,110	1,170	190	95	95
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,465	1,255	1,210	180	90	95
French origins	8,355	4,135	4,215	525	205	315
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	10	0	0	0	0
French	8,350	4,130	4,215	525	210	315
Western European origins (except French origins)	15,115	7,555	7,565	965	470	495
Austrian	1,120	575	545	40	20	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	445	200	245	20	10	10
Dutch	3,560	1,755	1,810	335	175	160
Flemish	70	45	25	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	20	10	10
German	10,690	5,365	5,325	635	315	320
Luxembourger	40	30	10	0	0	0
Swiss	495	240	255	0	10	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	6,980	3,405	3,580	430	185	245
Danish	1,120	515	610	65	25	40
Finnish	790	380	415	30	0	20
Icelandic	545	255	285	30	0	25
Norwegian	2,525	1,295	1,235	125	60	60
Swedish	2,250	1,025	1,215	195	85	110
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	385	230	155	10	0	10
Eastern European origins	15,985	7,830	8,155	1,100	515	590
Bulgarian	265	150	115	0	0	0
Byelorussian	115	50	70	0	0	0
Czech	655	320	335	15	10	15
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	210	115	95	15	0	15
Estonian	70	25	45	10	0	0
Hungarian	1,910	885	1,030	40	15	25
Latvian	155	85	65	10	10	10
Lithuanian	180	90	90	10	0	10
Moldovan	55	20	40	40	20	20
Polish	4,115	2,070	2,045	155	95	60
Romanian	1,620	785	835	20	10	10
Russian	3,410	1,640	1,765	720	325	400
Slovak	460	210	250	0	0	0
Ukrainian	5,505	2,730	2,775	245	125	120
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	75	40	35	0	0	0
Southern European origins	14,625	7,375	7,250	320	155	165
Albanian	90	30	60	0	0	0
Bosnian	200	100	95	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	1,465	785	685	0	10	0
Cypriot	15	15	0	0	0	0
Greek	870	445	425	10	10	10
Italian	7,705	3,990	3,715	255	115	140
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	10	40	0	0	0
Maltese	120	55	65	10	10	0
Montenegrin	30	15	15	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,670	860	810	10	0	10
Serbian	655	350	300	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	155	75	75	10	0	0
Spanish	2,640	1,190	1,450	25	10	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	165	70	95	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	840	465	380	70	25	50
Basque	20	10	15	0	0	0
Jewish	370	200	165	45	15	30
Roma (Gypsy)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	0	10	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	420	235	185	25	10	15
Caribbean origins	955	515	445	20	10	10
Antiguan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	95	45	45	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	20	15	10	10	10
Dominican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	120	60	60	0	0	0
Jamaican	345	200	140	10	10	10
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	160	85	70	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	25	15	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	140	70	65	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	65	25	40	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	3,140	1,460	1,685	10	0	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	75	30	50	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	75	35	45	0	0	0
Belizean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Brazilian	285	140	145	0	0	0
Chilean	255	105	145	0	0	0
Colombian	265	125	140	0	0	0
Costa Rican	35	20	20	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Guatemalan	85	55	25	0	0	0
Guyanese	70	35	40	0	0	0
Hispanic	120	30	85	0	0	0
Honduran	35	15	25	0	0	0
Maya	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	910	390	515	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	60	25	30	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Peruvian	240	120	125	0	0	0
Salvadorean	430	220	215	0	0	0
Uruguayan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	135	60	75	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	130	65	60	0	0	0
African origins	2,140	1,065	1,075	30	15	15
Central and West African origins	195	105	90	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	75	45	30	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	15	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins	580	270	305	0	0	0
Algerian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	450	220	230	0	0	0
Libyan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	85	45	35	0	0	0
Sudanese	65	30	40	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	805	420	385	0	0	0
Afrikaner	20	10	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	85	35	50	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	45	20	25	0	0	0
South African	390	200	190	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	30	0	20	0	0	0
Zulu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	115	80	40	0	0	0
Other African origins	590	285	305	30	15	15
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	85	30	50	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	510	255	255	25	15	15
Asian origins	66,600	32,120	34,480	145	65	80
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10,730	5,445	5,280	0	0	0
Afghan	1,095	575	525	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	345	165	180	0	0	0
Armenian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Assyrian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	165	80	85	0	0	0
Georgian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	10	10	10	0	0	0
Iranian	7,300	3,675	3,630	0	0	0
Iraqi	310	140	175	0	0	0
Israeli	70	30	40	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kurd	285	145	145	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	450	250	205	0	0	0
Palestinian	145	100	45	0	0	0
Pashtun	35	20	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	310	160	155	0	0	0
Tajik	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tatar	50	30	20	0	0	0
Turk	415	210	210	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	10	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	75	45	30	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	215	105	110	0	0	0
South Asian origins	6,155	2,985	3,170	45	20	25
Bangladeshi	40	25	15	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	75	50	25	0	0	0
East Indian	4,955	2,360	2,590	40	20	25
Goan	30	20	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	130	60	70	0	0	0
Pakistani	335	155	185	0	0	0
Punjabi	240	125	115	10	10	0
Sinhalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	285	150	135	0	0	0
Tamil	40	30	15	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	300	135	165	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	50,105	23,860	26,240	100	45	55
Burmese	70	45	25	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	70	35	40	0	0	0
Chinese	30,840	14,745	16,090	25	10	20
Filipino	6,095	2,725	3,370	60	20	40
Hmong	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indonesian	475	245	230	0	0	0
Japanese	1,925	875	1,050	30	10	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10,205	5,015	5,195	0	0	0
Laotian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	370	140	225	0	0	0
Mongolian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Singaporean	90	30	55	0	0	0
Taiwanese	1,405	670	730	0	0	0
Thai	145	55	90	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	970	485	485	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	40	20	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	65	35	40	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Oceania origins	985	430	555	25	10	15
Australian	335	145	185	20	10	15
New Zealander	155	60	95	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	525	230	295	0	0	0
Fijian	395	160	235	0	0	0
Hawaiian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Maori	20	15	10	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	40	25	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	51,325	...	...	1,835	...	...
Owner	36,785	...	...	1,445	...	...
Renter	14,540	...	...	390	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	51,325	...	...	1,835	...	...
Condominium	15,665	...	...	150	...	...
Not condominium	35,660	...	...	1,680	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	51,325	...	...	1,835	...	...
No bedrooms	180	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	7,430	...	...	125	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,685	...	...	555	...	...
3 bedrooms	12,310	...	...	635	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	17,720	...	...	515	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	51,325	...	...	1,835	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	18,565	...	...	335	...	...
5 rooms	6,560	...	...	260	...	...
6 rooms	5,520	...	...	360	...	...
7 rooms	5,070	...	...	270	...	...
8 or more rooms	15,620	...	...	600	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.1	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	51,325	...	...	1,835	...	...
One person or fewer per room	49,710	...	...	1,830	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,615	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	51,325	...	...	1,830	...	...
Suitable	47,945	...	...	1,790	...	...
Not suitable	3,375	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	51,325	...	...	1,835	...	...
1960 or before	3,880	...	...	525	...	...
1961 to 1980	14,035	...	...	580	...	...
1981 to 1990	9,270	...	...	175	...	...
1991 to 2000	11,155	...	...	360	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,395	...	...	75	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,110	...	...	70	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	6,485	...	...	45	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	51,325	...	...	1,835	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	48,435	...	...	1,640	...	...
Major repairs needed	2,885	...	...	195	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	51,325	...	...	1,835	...	...
1 household maintainer	28,455	...	...	1,130	...	...
2 household maintainers	20,680	...	...	670	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	2,195	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	51,325	...	...	1,835	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,360	...	...	40	...	...
25 to 34 years	6,095	...	...	140	...	...
35 to 44 years	9,335	...	...	160	...	...
45 to 54 years	12,575	...	...	325	...	...
55 to 64 years	11,095	...	...	445	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,555	...	...	385	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,210	...	...	240	...	...
85 years and over	1,100	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	51,190	...	...	1,835	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	34,865	...	...	1,430	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	16,320	...	...	405	...	...
30% to less than 100%	12,820	...	...	360	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	36,780	...	...	1,445	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	62.5	...	...	48.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	26.1	...	...	15.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,417	...	...	604	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,578	...	...	808	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	849,515	...	...	234,856	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	866,539	...	...	249,948	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,545	...	...	390	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	10.9	...	...	11.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.6	...	...	44.9	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,125	...	...	820	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,217	...	...	846	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	115,875	56,380	59,490	3,280	1,580	1,700
No certificate, diploma or degree	14,470	7,290	7,180	650	315	330
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	33,910	16,160	17,750	960	440	520
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	67,495	32,935	34,555	1,675	830	845
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,910	5,740	2,170	465	330	135
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,390	1,935	1,450	240	135	105
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,520	3,800	720	220	195	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20,600	8,700	11,900	760	290	475
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	4,250	1,780	2,475	95	30	65
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	34,735	16,720	18,020	355	185	170
Bachelor's degree	23,820	11,120	12,700	235	95	135
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,505	1,090	1,415	30	15	15
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	815	415	405	15	10	0
Master's degree	6,465	3,360	3,105	60	55	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,130	740	390	15	10	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	78,575	37,955	40,615	1,940	945	990
No certificate, diploma or degree	4,770	2,620	2,150	235	115	120
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,080	9,245	9,835	610	315	295
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	54,720	26,090	28,630	1,095	520	575
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,795	4,200	1,595	295	205	85
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,465	1,390	1,075	145	85	65
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,330	2,805	525	145	125	20
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,270	6,740	9,530	510	205	305
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,235	1,315	1,910	55	15	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	29,425	13,835	15,590	235	95	145
Bachelor's degree	20,040	9,120	10,920	165	50	120
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,065	890	1,180	20	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	680	325	350	0	0	0
Master's degree	5,715	2,910	2,805	45	30	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	920	590	335	10	10	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	115,875	56,380	59,490	3,280	1,585	1,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	48,385	23,450	24,935	1,605	755	850
Education	3,755	835	2,920	120	45	75
13. Education	3,755	835	2,920	120	45	75
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,070	1,240	1,830	55	30	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	525	360	165	25	20	10
50. Visual and performing arts	2,545	880	1,665	30	15	15
Humanities	4,010	1,430	2,580	75	40	45
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	795	160	630	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	1,055	340	715	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,150	395	760	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	180	110	70	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	310	215	95	45	25	20
54. History	365	180	180	10	0	10
55. French language and literature/letters	145	30	120	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,790	2,740	5,055	110	35	80
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	100	25	70	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	840	320	520	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,195	85	1,110	45	0	45
22. Legal professions and studies	1,010	290	725	20	10	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	40	90	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,255	315	935	15	10	10
45. Social sciences	3,270	1,665	1,605	25	20	10
Business, management and public administration	15,160	6,325	8,830	350	80	270
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	20	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	525	110	415	40	10	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	14,600	6,200	8,400	310	70	240
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,280	1,740	1,535	25	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,115	520	590	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	765	430	335	0	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	70	20	55	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,200	740	465	0	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	135	35	95	0	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,645	2,400	1,250	25	15	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,910	2,090	815	20	15	10
25. Library science	170	20	155	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	520	260	260	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	55	35	20	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	14,355	12,525	1,825	420	395	25
04. Architecture and related services	650	420	235	0	0	0
14. Engineering	5,445	4,325	1,120	15	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,385	2,090	295	55	50	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,555	2,475	75	105	105	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,300	2,230	75	155	145	15
48. Precision production	1,015	990	25	80	80	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	920	555	360	90	65	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	510	295	215	30	10	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	405	265	145	60	55	0
Health and related fields	8,620	1,910	6,710	240	50	190
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	760	365	400	20	10	15
51. Health professions and related programs	7,645	1,440	6,205	220	50	170
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	220	110	110	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,865	1,225	1,640	165	75	90
12. Personal and culinary services	1,995	530	1,465	115	30	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	380	275	105	15	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	475	410	65	30	30	0
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	20	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	78,570	37,955	40,620	1,940	945	990
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	23,850	11,870	11,980	845	425	415
Education	2,660	580	2,075	65	15	45
13. Education	2,655	580	2,080	65	15	50
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,515	960	1,555	35	20	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	440	290	145	10	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,075	665	1,410	25	10	10
Humanities	3,360	1,165	2,195	35	20	20
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	695	130	565	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	880	280	605	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	935	305	630	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	15	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	155	105	50	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	260	180	80	20	15	0
54. History	290	140	145	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	125	20	115	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,490	2,180	4,315	80	15	65
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	95	20	70	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	720	245	475	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,010	70	945	45	0	40
22. Legal professions and studies	835	220	610	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	110	40	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,010	245	760	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	2,720	1,340	1,380	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	12,815	5,185	7,635	235	50	185
30.16 Accounting and computer science	30	20	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	425	90	335	35	10	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,360	5,075	7,290	200	35	160
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,505	1,260	1,245	25	0	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	875	395	480	15	0	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	560	305	260	10	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	60	10	50	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	900	525	370	10	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	105	20	80	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,245	2,150	1,100	20	10	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,660	1,920	735	15	15	10
25. Library science	140	15	130	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	405	190	220	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	40	25	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,385	9,775	1,610	255	235	25
04. Architecture and related services	530	320	210	10	0	10
14. Engineering	4,590	3,590	1,000	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,870	1,625	250	35	30	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,910	1,845	60	55	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,755	1,695	60	105	95	15
48. Precision production	720	700	25	55	50	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	725	425	300	70	50	15
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	380	205	175	15	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	345	220	125	50	45	10
Health and related fields	6,820	1,485	5,330	145	40	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	605	275	330	20	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	6,040	1,135	4,905	125	40	85
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	180	80	100	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,195	925	1,265	135	65	70
12. Personal and culinary services	1,525	405	1,115	95	30	65
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	315	220	90	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	345	295	55	30	25	0
Other	10	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	115,875	56,385	59,495	3,280	1,585	1,695
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	48,385	23,450	24,935	1,605	755	850
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	67,495	32,935	34,560	1,675	830	845
Location of study inside Canada	43,480	21,525	21,955	1,505	750	755
Same as province or territory of residence	36,450	17,815	18,635	1,135	570	565
Different than province or territory of residence	7,025	3,710	3,320	365	180	185
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	24,015	11,410	12,605	170	85	90
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,085	1,290	795	60	45	15
Philippines	2,075	815	1,255	25	10	20
India	720	345	375	20	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,275	740	530	30	10	30
China^{Census data footnote 162}	4,370	2,000	2,370	0	0	0
France	80	45	35	0	0	0
Other	13,410	6,180	7,235	35	10	25
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	78,570	37,955	40,620	1,940	950	990
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	23,850	11,870	11,980	840	425	415
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	54,725	26,090	28,635	1,100	520	580
Location of study inside Canada	35,130	17,190	17,945	1,010	480	525
Same as province or territory of residence	29,700	14,285	15,415	760	365	400
Different than province or territory of residence	5,430	2,905	2,530	250	120	125
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	19,595	8,905	10,690	90	40	50
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,685	1,010	670	20	15	10
Philippines	1,715	660	1,055	20	0	20
India	560	250	315	15	10	10
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	875	495	375	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	3,775	1,710	2,065	0	0	0
France	85	45	40	0	0	0
Other	10,900	4,725	6,180	25	10	20
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	115,875	56,385	59,495	3,280	1,580	1,695
In the labour force	75,475	39,780	35,695	1,660	840	820
Employed	70,875	37,250	33,625	1,500	755	740
Unemployed	4,595	2,530	2,070	155	85	75
Not in the labour force	40,400	16,605	23,795	1,625	745	880
Participation rate	65.1	70.6	60.0	50.6	53.2	48.4
Employment rate	61.2	66.1	56.5	45.7	47.8	43.7
Unemployment rate	6.1	6.4	5.8	9.3	10.1	9.1
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	115,875	56,385	59,490	3,285	1,585	1,695
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	38,240	15,860	22,375	1,435	625	810
Worked	77,640	40,525	37,120	1,845	955	890
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	37,395	21,820	15,575	755	435	325
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	40,245	18,705	21,545	1,085	520	565
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	43.3	41.2	39.7	40.4	39.0
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	75,475	39,785	35,695	1,660	845	815
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,500	745	755	25	0	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	73,980	39,040	34,940	1,630	835	800
Employee	64,290	32,810	31,480	1,360	705	655
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	9,690	6,230	3,460	275	130	145
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	75,475	39,780	35,695	1,660	840	815
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,500	745	760	30	10	20
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	73,975	39,040	34,935	1,630	835	795
0 Management occupations	8,925	5,750	3,175	180	95	80
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,905	3,980	8,930	160	35	125
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	6,505	5,165	1,345	45	30	15
3 Health occupations	4,510	1,095	3,415	120	30	95
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,900	2,655	5,245	175	45	125
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,725	1,355	1,370	30	20	10
6 Sales and service occupations	18,490	8,215	10,280	395	105	290
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	9,700	9,145	555	345	320	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	580	495	85	65	45	30
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	1,735	1,195	540	110	105	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	75,475	39,785	35,695	1,655	845	820
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,500	740	755	25	10	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	73,975	39,040	34,940	1,630	835	800
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	260	175	80	85	45	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	230	160	70	35	35	0
22 Utilities	500	320	180	10	10	0
23 Construction	6,095	5,285	805	175	160	10
31-33 Manufacturing	4,705	3,275	1,425	210	180	30
41 Wholesale trade	3,310	2,200	1,110	35	40	0
44-45 Retail trade	9,105	4,370	4,730	170	40	130
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	3,375	2,600	770	40	25	15
51 Information and cultural industries	2,805	1,800	1,010	35	15	20
52 Finance and insurance	3,955	1,795	2,160	50	0	40
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,855	975	880	30	15	15
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	7,450	4,360	3,085	60	20	45
55 Management of companies and enterprises	140	60	80	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,120	1,785	1,335	75	25	50
61 Educational services	5,395	1,745	3,655	80	20	60
62 Health care and social assistance	7,420	1,415	6,010	245	45	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,475	785	695	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	6,075	2,705	3,370	120	35	85
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,380	1,485	1,900	90	45	45
91 Public administration	3,325	1,745	1,580	85	65	15
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	70,880	37,250	33,625	1,500	755	740
Worked at home	5,665	2,820	2,850	140	50	90
Worked outside Canada	795	560	230	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	9,450	6,970	2,480	205	175	25
Worked at usual place	54,965	26,900	28,070	1,155	535	620
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	54,965	26,900	28,065	1,150	530	620
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,865	5,210	7,655	895	395	500
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	41,215	21,100	20,120	175	85	90
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	665	420	240	75	50	25
Commute to a different province or territory	220	165	55	10	10	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	64,415	33,870	30,545	1,360	705	650
Car, truck, van - as a driver	45,990	25,875	20,110	1,010	535	480
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	3,485	1,250	2,230	80	40	40
Public transit	11,540	5,175	6,365	0	10	0
Walked	2,360	875	1,490	175	80	85
Bicycle	385	295	90	65	35	25
Other method	660	400	265	25	10	15
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	64,415	33,870	30,545	1,360	705	650
Less than 15 minutes	10,985	4,610	6,375	1,050	520	535
15 to 29 minutes	16,240	7,960	8,280	230	130	100
30 to 44 minutes	15,985	9,410	6,580	30	25	0
45 to 59 minutes	9,770	5,670	4,105	30	20	10
60 minutes and over	11,435	6,220	5,215	25	20	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	64,415	33,865	30,550	1,355	710	655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	4,490	3,205	1,280	90	50	30
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	11,485	7,050	4,440	255	190	75
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	16,515	8,535	7,980	365	210	160
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	12,600	5,795	6,800	315	125	195
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	9,955	4,515	5,440	115	30	85
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	9,370	4,760	4,605	220	110	110
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	80,605	41,935	38,670	1,900	975	925
Single responses	78,445	40,830	37,620	1,875	960	915
Official languages	74,680	38,800	35,875	1,865	950	915
English	74,510	38,755	35,750	1,860	955	915
French	170	45	125	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,770	2,025	1,745	10	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,770	2,025	1,745	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	20	10	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	20	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	25	20	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	20	15	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	430	260	170	10	10	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	25	50	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	25	45	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	45	10	35	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	0	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	245	180	65	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	225	165	55	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	220	160	60	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	50	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Romanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Spanish	60	30	30	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	70	20	50	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,150	615	540	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	25	10	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	20	0	20	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,005	1,070	930	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,005	1,075	930	0	0	0
Cantonese	835	450	390	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,120	600	520	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	40	30	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Multiple responses	2,165	1,105	1,055	20	15	10
English and French	140	60	80	0	0	0
English and non-official language	2,005	1,045	960	25	10	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	80,605	41,930	38,670	1,895	975	925
None	72,895	38,005	34,895	1,840	945	890
English	1,855	945	910	10	10	0
French	515	205	310	15	15	10
Non-official language	5,250	2,750	2,505	30	10	25
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,250	2,745	2,500	30	0	25
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	30	20	15	0	0	0
French and non-official language	50	15	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	136,825	67,210	69,625	3,820	1,875	1,940
Non-movers	116,795	57,420	59,375	3,135	1,530	1,610
Movers	20,030	9,785	10,240	680	350	330
Non-migrants	8,820	4,215	4,605	350	195	155
Migrants	11,210	5,570	5,640	330	150	180
Internal migrants	8,140	4,110	4,030	325	155	170
Intraprovincial migrants	6,825	3,425	3,400	170	70	100
Interprovincial migrants	1,315	685	630	155	85	70
External migrants	3,070	1,460	1,610	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	131,195	64,265	66,925	3,665	1,780	1,885
Non-movers	74,745	36,880	37,865	2,160	1,045	1,115
Movers	56,450	27,385	29,060	1,510	740	765
Non-migrants	22,910	11,255	11,655	640	310	325
Migrants	33,545	16,135	17,410	870	430	440
Internal migrants	22,530	10,935	11,595	845	420	425
Intraprovincial migrants	19,505	9,435	10,070	555	255	295
Interprovincial migrants	3,025	1,505	1,520	285	165	125
External migrants	11,015	5,200	5,820	25	10	15

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Coquitlam, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Grand Forks [Population centre], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Coquitlam, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Grand Forks [Population centre], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Coquitlam, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Grand Forks [Population centre], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Coquitlam, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia and Grand Forks [Population centre], British Columbia