Census Profile, 2016 Census
Waskada, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba and South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Waskada, VL Manitoba [Dissolved census subdivision]			South Surrey--White Rock British Columbia [Federal electoral district]
	Data quality , Waskada, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba Map : Waskada, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba Change geography 1			Data quality : South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	167	...	...	104,051	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	183	...	...	94,678	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-8.7	...	...	9.9	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	112	...	...	44,781	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	82	...	...	41,917	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	217.6	...	...	720.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.77	...	...	144.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	170	85	85	104,050	49,140	54,910
0 to 14 years	30	15	10	14,710	7,550	7,155
0 to 4 years	10	5	5	4,285	2,230	2,050
5 to 9 years	10	5	0	5,035	2,580	2,460
10 to 14 years	10	5	0	5,385	2,740	2,645
15 to 64 years	90	45	50	63,685	30,190	33,500
15 to 19 years	5	0	0	6,040	3,055	2,985
20 to 24 years	0	0	5	4,990	2,555	2,430
25 to 29 years	10	5	5	4,235	2,060	2,180
30 to 34 years	5	5	5	4,590	2,160	2,435
35 to 39 years	10	5	5	5,240	2,345	2,895
40 to 44 years	10	5	5	6,710	3,075	3,640
45 to 49 years	10	10	0	7,515	3,495	4,015
50 to 54 years	15	5	10	8,160	3,850	4,305
55 to 59 years	20	5	5	8,100	3,845	4,255
60 to 64 years	15	5	10	8,110	3,755	4,355
65 years and over	45	25	25	25,655	11,395	14,255
65 to 69 years	15	10	10	7,905	3,630	4,270
70 to 74 years	15	5	5	6,060	2,905	3,160
75 to 79 years	5	5	0	4,360	2,030	2,335
80 to 84 years	10	5	5	3,235	1,420	1,815
85 years and over	5	5	5	4,095	1,415	2,685
85 to 89 years	5	5	0	2,340	910	1,435
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	1,290	395	895
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	395	95	300
100 years and over	0	0	0	60	10	55
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	17.6	17.6	11.8	14.1	15.4	13.0
15 to 64 years	52.9	52.9	58.8	61.2	61.4	61.0
65 years and over	26.5	29.4	29.4	24.7	23.2	26.0
85 years and over	2.9	5.9	5.9	3.9	2.9	4.9
Average age of the population	47.2	46.8	47.6	46.0	44.7	47.2
Median age of the population	51.2	49.0	53.8	48.6	47.5	49.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	85	...	...	41,920	...	...
Single-detached house	75	...	...	20,165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	1,390	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	0	...	...	20,115	...	...
Semi-detached house	5	...	...	1,470	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	5,745	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	3,965	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	8,890	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	45	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	240	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	80	...	...	41,915	...	...
1 person	30	...	...	11,700	...	...
2 persons	35	...	...	15,275	...	...
3 persons	5	...	...	6,095	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	5,685	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	3,160	...	...
Number of persons in private households	165	...	...	101,145	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	140	65	75	89,340	41,590	47,750
Married or living common law	85	45	45	55,050	27,285	27,760
Married	80	40	35	49,530	24,535	24,995
Living common law	5	5	5	5,515	2,750	2,760
Not married and not living common law	50	20	30	34,295	14,305	19,995
Never married	20	10	15	19,295	9,975	9,320
Separated	10	5	0	2,130	840	1,290
Divorced	10	5	5	6,580	2,205	4,375
Widowed	15	5	10	6,295	1,285	5,005
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	55	...	...	30,480	...	...
2 persons	35	...	...	16,505	...	...
3 persons	5	...	...	6,210	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	5,850	...	...
5 or more persons	5	...	...	1,905	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	55	...	...	30,480	...	...
Total couple families	45	...	...	26,495	...	...
Married couples	40	...	...	23,735	...	...
Common-law couples	5	...	...	2,755	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	10	...	...	3,985	...	...
Female parent	5	...	...	3,210	...	...
Male parent	0	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	40	...	...	26,490	...	...
Couples without children	35	...	...	13,945	...	...
Couples with children	10	...	...	12,545	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	5,030	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	5,650	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	1,865	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5	...	...	3,985	...	...
1 child	10	...	...	2,560	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	1,180	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	40	20	20	16,105	6,190	9,920
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	85	...	...	41,915	...	...
One-census-family households	50	...	...	28,045	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	30	...	...	12,820	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	15	...	...	15,225	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	1,165	...	...
Non-census-family households	35	...	...	12,705	...	...
One-person households	30	...	...	11,700	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	0	...	...	1,005	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	165	85	85	102,425	48,635	53,795
English only	165	85	80	91,600	43,920	47,685
French only	0	0	0	25	15	10
English and French	0	0	0	7,835	3,385	4,450
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	2,975	1,315	1,655
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	165	85	80	102,430	48,630	53,795
English	165	80	85	98,005	46,705	51,305
French	0	0	0	1,060	450	615
English and French	0	0	0	430	185	245
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	2,930	1,295	1,630
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	1,275	540	740
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.2	1.1	1.4
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	165	85	80	102,430	48,630	53,800
Single responses	165	85	80	100,570	47,770	52,800
Official languages	160	85	80	73,515	35,415	38,100
English	160	80	80	72,390	34,935	37,460
French	0	0	0	1,125	480	645
Non-official languages	5	5	0	27,055	12,355	14,700
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5	0	0	27,045	12,355	14,690
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	255	125	135
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	250	120	130
Amharic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Arabic	0	0	0	215	105	110
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	150	65	85
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	145	65	85
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	805	220	580
Bikol	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	5	20
Fijian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	10	25
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	45	15	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	0	670	185	485
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	5
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	80	45	40
Kannada	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	30	15	10
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5	0	0	12,535	5,905	6,630
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	10
Armenian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,035	890	1,145
Baltic languages	0	0	0	30	15	20
Latvian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,005	880	1,130
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Croatian	0	0	0	190	90	95
Czech	0	0	0	155	70	90
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Polish	0	0	0	405	185	225
Russian	0	0	0	540	230	310
Serbian	0	0	0	210	100	115
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	25	5	20
Slovak	0	0	0	70	30	40
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	30	15	20
Ukrainian	0	0	0	300	115	180
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	5	10
Welsh	0	0	0	10	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages	0	5	0	3,125	1,395	1,730
Afrikaans	0	0	0	130	60	70
Danish	0	0	0	235	115	120
Dutch	0	0	0	605	275	330
Frisian	0	0	0	5	5	5
German	5	0	0	1,965	870	1,090
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	70	30	40
Swedish	0	0	0	75	25	50
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Greek	0	0	0	175	95	75
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	5,440	2,665	2,785
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	5,205	2,545	2,665
Bengali	0	0	0	30	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	125	50	70
Hindi	0	0	0	315	140	175
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	10
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	4,405	2,170	2,230
Sindhi	0	0	0	25	10	10
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	280	145	135
Iranian languages	0	0	0	230	115	115
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	220	105	115
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	5	1,680	825	855
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	425	235	185
Portuguese	0	0	0	230	105	125
Romanian	0	0	0	190	100	90
Spanish	0	0	0	835	380	450
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	285	95	195
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,325	565	760
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	5
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10,970	5,065	5,900
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10,945	5,060	5,885
Cantonese	0	0	0	990	460	525
Hakka	0	0	0	25	20	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	9,235	4,265	4,970
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	5	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	370	170	200
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	100	45	50
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	195	90	105
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	55	10	40
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	5
Thai	0	0	0	50	5	40
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	70	30	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	55	30	30
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	415	185	235
Estonian	0	0	0	60	30	35
Finnish	0	0	0	110	50	65
Hungarian	0	0	0	245	110	135
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	5
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,855	860	995
English and French	0	0	0	160	75	90
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,610	755	860
French and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	50	25	30
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	165	85	85	102,430	48,630	53,795
Single responses	165	80	80	98,135	46,630	51,510
Official languages	165	85	80	83,245	39,710	43,535
English	165	85	85	82,980	39,595	43,390
French	0	0	0	265	120	145
Non-official languages	0	0	0	14,890	6,920	7,970
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	14,890	6,920	7,970
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	40	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	90	40	55
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	90	40	55
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	85	40	50
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	205	75	130
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	180	65	115
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	15	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	4,445	2,155	2,285
Albanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Armenian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	680	320	360
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	675	320	360
Belarusan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Croatian	0	0	0	40	20	25
Czech	0	0	0	45	25	20
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	100	50	55
Russian	0	0	0	280	130	150
Serbian	0	0	0	95	50	50
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	20	10	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	50	20	35
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	305	140	165
Afrikaans	0	0	0	60	25	35
Danish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	40	20	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	180	85	95
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swedish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	45	25	25
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,825	1,380	1,445
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	2,725	1,330	1,395
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	40	15	30
Hindi	0	0	0	95	40	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	5	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	2,435	1,200	1,240
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	0	5
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	120	60	60
Iranian languages	0	0	0	100	50	50
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	90	50	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	570	280	285
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	60	30	30
Portuguese	0	0	0	70	35	35
Romanian	0	0	0	80	45	40
Spanish	0	0	0	360	180	180
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	110	50	60
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,005	435	570
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	5	20
American Sign Language	0	0	0	15	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	5	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	8,720	4,025	4,695
Chinese languages	0	0	0	8,710	4,020	4,695
Cantonese	0	0	0	545	250	295
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	7,760	3,575	4,180
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	185	85	100
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	70	30	40
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	130	60	65
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	10
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	30	10	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	100	45	55
Estonian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	30	20	15
Hungarian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	5	5	0	4,290	2,000	2,290
English and French	0	0	0	95	45	55
English and non-official language	0	0	0	4,135	1,930	2,200
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	55	25	30
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	165	85	85	102,430	48,630	53,795
None	165	85	80	88,080	42,060	46,020
English	0	0	0	6,085	2,885	3,200
French	0	0	0	895	380	515
Non-official language	0	0	5	7,170	3,225	3,945
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	5	5
Non-Aboriginal	5	0	5	7,165	3,220	3,940
English and French	0	0	0	25	10	20
English and non-official language	0	0	0	85	40	50
French and non-official language	0	0	0	80	30	50
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	140	65	70	86,475	40,580	45,895
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	83,000	38,930	44,070
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	38,439	48,515	31,545
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	83,115	39,020	44,090
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	34,067	41,924	28,616
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	77,330	36,600	40,730
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	34,989	45,775	27,373
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	56,740	23,175	33,565
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	6,764	8,029	6,155
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	58,305	29,050	29,255
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	32,633	42,405	26,242
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	115	60	60	86,500	40,665	45,840
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	83,200	39,120	44,075
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	55,463	69,450	43,049
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	83,280	39,190	44,095
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	44,629	54,195	36,129
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	77,630	36,745	40,885
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	53,653	68,681	40,147
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	56,845	23,380	33,465
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	7,904	8,268	7,650
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	58,475	29,055	29,425
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	50,740	64,221	37,429
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	86,500	40,660	45,835
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	23,020	13,425	9,595
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	64,304	73,386	54,305
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	80,937	93,613	63,207
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	90.3	93.0	86.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	63.7	67.9	57.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	9.7	7.0	13.6
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	86,480	40,580	45,895
Without total income	x	x	x	3,480	1,650	1,830
With total income	x	x	x	83,000	38,930	44,070
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	96.0	95.9	96.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	12,070	4,805	7,270
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	12,140	4,505	7,635
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	10,140	3,855	6,280
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	8,460	3,440	5,025
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,610	3,325	4,280
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	6,330	2,965	3,365
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	5,220	2,650	2,570
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	4,215	2,320	1,895
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	3,565	1,980	1,585
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	2,605	1,570	1,035
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	10,645	7,505	3,135
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	6,310	4,200	2,110
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	4,330	3,305	1,030
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	86,475	40,580	45,895
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	3,365	1,560	1,810
With after-tax income	x	x	x	83,110	39,025	44,090
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	96.1	96.2	96.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	12,885	5,145	7,735
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	12,865	4,895	7,975
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	11,745	4,550	7,190
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	9,910	4,155	5,755
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	8,590	3,890	4,695
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	6,820	3,485	3,335
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	5,255	2,960	2,295
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	4,090	2,330	1,760
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	10,955	7,610	3,345
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,755	1,700	1,055
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,880	1,240	640
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	6,320	4,665	1,660
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	86,480	40,580	45,900
Without employment income	x	x	x	28,170	11,530	16,640
With employment income	x	x	x	58,310	29,055	29,255
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	67.4	71.6	63.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	11,290	5,130	6,160
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	4,315	1,805	2,510
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	6,855	2,910	3,945
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	5,335	2,280	3,050
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	4,680	1,885	2,790
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	4,350	1,855	2,495
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	3,620	1,675	1,940
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	3,200	1,675	1,525
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,850	1,595	1,255
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	11,825	8,235	3,585
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,500	1,400	1,100
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,850	1,165	680
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	7,475	5,665	1,805
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	85	...	...	41,915	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,304	...	...	80,430	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	55,424	...	...	69,392	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	11,700	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	40,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	36,203	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	30,215	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,849	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	87,966	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	41,920	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	110,072	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	88,662	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	11,715	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	53,037	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	43,359	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	30,210	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	132,184	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	106,226	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	41,915	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	810	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	480	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	865	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,355	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,665	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,375	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,550	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,550	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,560	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,490	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	2,880	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	2,765	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	2,520	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,280	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,065	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	16,715	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	4,290	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	3,225	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	4,085	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	5,110	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	41,915	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	945	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	490	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	895	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,415	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,870	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,725	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,850	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,890	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,850	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,760	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	3,340	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	3,120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	2,835	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,495	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	2,150	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	13,285	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	4,360	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	2,950	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	5,975	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	29,580	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,391	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	87,631	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	12,665	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	94,152	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	81,020	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	12,550	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	131,324	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	110,930	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.5	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	3,690	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	56,332	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	50,459	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	4.0	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	29,605	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	131,417	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	105,465	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	12,575	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	122,419	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	99,080	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	12,630	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	159,566	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	126,065	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	3,680	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	68,022	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	57,781	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	14,365	5,560	8,810
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	38,474	40,932	36,976
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	34,015	36,150	33,033
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	14,330	5,580	8,750
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	50,517	56,564	46,662
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	41,496	45,037	39,239
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	101,145	48,115	53,035
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	40,295	18,200	22,090
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	10,000	4,600	5,395
In the second decile	x	x	x	8,120	3,435	4,685
In the third decile	x	x	x	6,945	3,155	3,800
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	7,430	3,405	4,020
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	7,800	3,610	4,190
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	60,850	29,910	30,940
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	8,530	4,010	4,520
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	9,635	4,580	5,055
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	11,070	5,435	5,635
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	12,850	6,405	6,450
In the top decile	x	x	x	18,765	9,480	9,285
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	101,025	48,050	52,975
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	18,355	9,375	8,980
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	5,200	2,700	2,500
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	59,330	27,945	31,385
65 years and over	x	x	x	23,340	10,730	12,610
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	13,910	6,200	7,710
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	3,355	1,700	1,655
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	860	440	415
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	8,215	3,635	4,580
65 years and over	x	x	x	2,335	860	1,475
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	13.8	12.9	14.6
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	18.3	18.1	18.4
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	16.5	16.3	16.6
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	13.8	13.0	14.6
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	10.0	8.0	11.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	8,315	3,855	4,465
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	2,145	1,095	1,045
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	530	280	250
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	5,520	2,495	3,020
65 years and over	x	x	x	655	260	400
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	8.2	8.0	8.4
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	11.7	11.7	11.6
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	10.2	10.4	10.0
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	9.3	8.9	9.6
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	2.8	2.4	3.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	145	85	65	101,105	48,120	52,985
Official languages	150	80	65	98,210	46,880	51,330
English	145	80	65	98,195	46,875	51,315
French	0	0	0	7,830	3,355	4,480
Non-official languages	0	0	0	32,750	14,990	17,755
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	10
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	10	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	32,720	14,980	17,735
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	450	240	205
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	450	245	210
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	380	205	175
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	55	30	20
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	125	55	70
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	115	50	65
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,125	305	820
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	0	35
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	10	15
Ilocano	0	0	0	35	15	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	85	35	50
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,020	265	755
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	70	35	35
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	15	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	50	25	30
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	110	50	50
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	10
Malayalam	0	0	0	60	35	25
Tamil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Telugu	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	16,770	7,810	8,960
Albanian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,420	1,065	1,355
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	10	20
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,400	1,055	1,340
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Croatian	0	0	0	295	125	170
Czech	0	0	0	220	90	135
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polish	0	0	0	465	195	270
Russian	0	0	0	765	360	405
Serbian	0	0	0	225	110	115
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	165	65	105
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	20	10	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	355	145	215
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	10	30
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	20	0	20
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,955	1,775	2,175
Afrikaans	0	0	0	300	140	165
Danish	0	0	0	210	85	130
Dutch	0	0	0	665	315	350
Frisian	0	0	0	15	0	10
German	0	0	0	2,625	1,190	1,440
Icelandic	0	0	0	15	10	10
Norwegian	0	0	0	70	35	35
Swedish	0	0	0	155	65	90
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	15	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	245	140	110
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	6,980	3,410	3,575
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	6,760	3,290	3,470
Bengali	0	0	0	15	0	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	260	110	150
Hindi	0	0	0	1,340	630	710
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nepali	0	0	0	30	25	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	5,700	2,795	2,900
Sindhi	0	0	0	90	30	60
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Urdu	0	0	0	560	285	270
Iranian languages	0	0	0	225	115	105
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	20	10	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	210	110	105
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	3,530	1,615	1,920
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	735	400	335
Portuguese	0	0	0	315	145	170
Romanian	0	0	0	240	115	125
Spanish	0	0	0	2,380	1,015	1,365
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	570	260	310
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	1,405	630	780
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	110	65	45
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	10	10	10
Shona	0	0	0	10	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	40	25	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	40	15	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	100	35	65
American Sign Language	0	0	0	85	30	50
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	11,935	5,555	6,375
Chinese languages	0	0	0	11,905	5,545	6,360
Cantonese	0	0	0	1,320	605	715
Hakka	0	0	0	50	25	25
Mandarin	0	0	0	10,940	5,075	5,860
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	10
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	440	200	245
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	165	75	90
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	185	90	95
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	40	20	20
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	60	25	35
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	35	20	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	580	220	360
Estonian	0	0	0	100	30	65
Finnish	0	0	0	170	75	90
Hungarian	0	0	0	315	115	200
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	150	85	65	101,105	48,120	52,985
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	150	80	65	91,640	43,920	47,720
Canadian citizens aged under 18	35	25	10	16,320	8,445	7,875
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	115	60	55	75,320	35,470	39,845
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	9,470	4,205	5,265
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	145	85	65	101,110	48,120	52,985
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	140	80	60	69,140	33,505	35,635
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	10	0	30,555	14,045	16,510
Before 1981	0	0	0	10,630	4,965	5,665
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	2,895	1,305	1,590
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	5,100	2,325	2,775
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	7,415	3,395	4,025
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	3,465	1,595	1,865
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	3,955	1,790	2,165
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	4,510	2,065	2,450
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	1,410	575	840
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	10	10	0	30,555	14,045	16,505
Under 5 years	0	0	0	3,030	1,505	1,530
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	5,440	2,670	2,770
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	6,255	2,705	3,550
25 to 44 years	0	10	0	13,025	5,760	7,265
45 years and over	0	0	0	2,805	1,405	1,395
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	30,555	14,045	16,510
Americas	10	10	0	2,610	1,075	1,535
Brazil	0	0	0	70	30	45
Colombia	0	0	0	40	0	40
El Salvador	0	0	0	30	15	10
Guyana	0	0	0	20	15	10
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	0	0	0	110	50	55
Mexico	0	0	0	230	85	150
Peru	0	0	0	75	35	40
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	60	30	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,635	655	980
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	325	160	165
Europe	0	0	0	10,225	4,855	5,370
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	105	45	55
Croatia	0	0	0	160	65	95
France	0	0	0	95	50	45
Germany	0	0	0	1,120	475	645
Greece	0	0	0	120	70	50
Hungary	0	0	0	210	90	120
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	215	105	105
Italy	0	0	0	275	165	105
Netherlands	0	0	0	505	250	255
Poland	0	0	0	380	140	240
Portugal	0	0	0	90	45	40
Romania	0	0	0	205	90	115
Russian Federation	0	0	0	265	115	150
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	90	40	50
Ukraine	0	0	0	220	100	115
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	4,940	2,485	2,455
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	1,250	520	735
Africa	0	0	0	1,100	565	535
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	45	20	30
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	115	55	60
Morocco	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	40	20	20
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	540	290	255
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	330	175	160
Asia	0	0	0	16,190	7,370	8,825
Afghanistan	0	0	0	35	10	25
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	7,205	3,325	3,880
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	445	200	245
India	0	0	0	3,105	1,540	1,560
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	150	95	55
Iraq	0	0	0	75	35	40
Japan	0	0	0	165	30	140
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	1,105	490	615
Lebanon	0	0	0	100	45	55
Pakistan	0	0	0	375	185	190
Philippines	0	0	0	970	270	705
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	40	15	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Taiwan	0	0	0	1,600	715	885
Viet Nam	0	0	0	130	55	75
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	635	335	305
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	430	185	245
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	4,515	2,060	2,450
Americas	0	0	0	250	100	145
Brazil	0	0	0	40	10	25
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	40	15	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	125	55	70
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	30	15	15
Europe	0	0	0	335	170	165
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	15	10	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	60	20	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	175	105	70
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	60	20	40
Africa	0	0	0	140	85	55
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	20	10	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	90	60	30
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	30	15	15
Asia	0	0	0	3,765	1,685	2,075
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	2,700	1,265	1,435
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	40	15	25
India	0	0	0	220	110	110
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iraq	0	0	0	25	10	20
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	230	100	130
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	75	35	35
Philippines	0	0	0	260	65	190
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	10
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	20	15	10
Taiwan	0	0	0	100	25	75
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	10
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	10	10	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	40	15	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	30	20	0
Australia	0	0	0	20	20	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	150	85	60	101,105	48,120	52,985
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	10	0	32,825	15,085	17,740
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	20	20	0	25,365	12,195	13,170
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	125	60	65	42,915	20,840	22,075
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10	10	0	20,365	9,270	11,095
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	14,025	6,640	7,385
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	5,080	3,270	1,805
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	8,950	3,370	5,575
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	10	0	0	5,450	2,165	3,285
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	780	430	355
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	100	35	65
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	145	80	65	101,105	48,120	52,985
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	0	0	2,250	910	1,340
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	0	0	0	2,190	895	1,295
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,050	400	650
Métis	0	0	0	1,125	495	630
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Non-Aboriginal identity	145	80	65	98,860	47,210	51,645
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	145	80	65	101,105	48,125	52,985
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	550	175	375
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	145	85	65	100,555	47,945	52,610
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	150	80	60	101,110	48,120	52,985
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	265	90	175
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	250	80	165
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	185	65	125
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	55	15	40
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	20	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	0	0	0	2,695	1,135	1,565
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	0	0	0	2,625	1,100	1,525
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,520	590	925
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,095	500	595
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	70	35	35
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	150	85	65	98,140	46,895	51,245
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	145	85	60	101,105	48,125	52,985
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	28,220	13,200	15,015
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	8,640	4,270	4,370
Chinese	0	0	0	12,925	6,065	6,855
Black	0	0	0	685	365	320
Filipino	0	0	0	1,340	410	935
Latin American	0	0	0	680	295	385
Arab	0	0	0	320	165	160
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	405	165	240
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	200	100	100
Korean	0	0	0	1,495	675	820
Japanese	0	0	0	655	290	365
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	245	120	125
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	625	275	345
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	145	85	65	72,890	34,920	37,965
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	145	85	65	101,110	48,125	52,985
North American Aboriginal origins	0	0	0	2,965	1,225	1,735
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	1,795	695	1,095
Inuit	0	0	0	20	10	10
Métis	0	0	0	1,235	560	675
Other North American origins	55	35	15	19,005	9,060	9,945
Acadian	0	0	0	55	30	25
American	0	0	0	1,825	850	975
Canadian	50	35	20	17,805	8,520	9,280
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	10	0	10
European origins	110	60	50	69,005	33,010	35,995
British Isles origins	105	55	50	47,735	23,075	24,665
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	10	0
English	55	30	30	30,515	14,410	16,105
Irish	25	15	10	15,925	7,630	8,295
Manx	0	0	0	35	20	20
Scottish	45	15	30	20,115	9,985	10,135
Welsh	0	0	0	2,550	1,230	1,320
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	10	0	10	3,225	1,620	1,605
French origins	10	0	0	8,070	3,785	4,285
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	10	0	0
French	15	10	10	8,070	3,790	4,280
Western European origins (except French origins)	45	25	25	18,790	8,975	9,815
Austrian	10	0	10	1,290	640	650
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	15	10	10	510	255	260
Dutch	0	0	10	4,360	2,120	2,240
Flemish	0	0	0	30	10	15
Frisian	0	0	0	50	20	35
German	30	20	15	13,535	6,385	7,150
Luxembourger	0	0	0	30	15	15
Swiss	0	0	0	735	360	380
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	40	25	20
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	10	0	10	8,205	3,890	4,310
Danish	0	0	0	1,405	635	770
Finnish	10	0	0	800	380	415
Icelandic	0	0	0	855	440	415
Norwegian	0	0	0	3,245	1,560	1,680
Swedish	0	0	10	2,480	1,165	1,315
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	295	150	150
Eastern European origins	20	10	10	14,050	6,660	7,395
Bulgarian	0	0	0	75	45	30
Byelorussian	0	0	0	45	20	20
Czech	0	0	0	570	230	340
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	240	145	95
Estonian	0	0	0	225	85	140
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,350	545	805
Latvian	0	0	0	100	45	60
Lithuanian	0	0	0	150	50	105
Moldovan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Polish	10	0	10	3,745	1,735	2,010
Romanian	0	0	0	880	430	450
Russian	10	10	0	2,580	1,195	1,380
Slovak	0	0	0	415	175	235
Ukrainian	10	0	0	5,990	2,950	3,035
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	90	50	45
Southern European origins	0	0	0	6,945	3,380	3,560
Albanian	0	0	0	60	25	35
Bosnian	0	0	0	115	45	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	530	275	255
Cypriot	0	0	0	40	30	10
Greek	0	0	0	710	360	350
Italian	0	0	0	3,430	1,730	1,700
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Maltese	0	0	0	95	55	35
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	10	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	740	380	365
Serbian	0	0	0	300	145	150
Sicilian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	110	65	40
Spanish	0	0	0	1,125	395	730
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	155	70	80
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	635	320	315
Basque	0	0	0	20	15	0
Jewish	0	0	0	335	175	155
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	260	130	130
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	625	290	335
Antiguan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	40	30	10
Bermudan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	50	20	30
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Jamaican	0	0	0	305	130	170
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	30	0	30
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	90	50	45
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	10	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	45	35	15
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	40	20	25
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	1,240	565	680
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	90	45	40
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	65	20	45
Chilean	0	0	0	85	45	40
Colombian	0	0	0	60	15	45
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	45	20	25
Guyanese	0	0	0	65	25	40
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	15	0	10
Maya	0	0	0	20	15	10
Mexican	0	0	0	625	285	340
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	25	20	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Salvadorean	0	0	0	20	0	15
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	15	25
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	30	20	15
African origins	0	0	0	1,150	620	530
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	90	45	45
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ghanaian	0	0	0	20	0	10
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	15	10	10
North African origins	0	0	0	140	90	55
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	90	60	30
Libyan	0	0	0	30	20	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	20	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	615	335	285
Afrikaner	0	0	0	20	20	10
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	15	10	10
South African	0	0	0	445	245	200
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	15	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	15	10	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	75	20	60
Other African origins	0	0	0	320	165	155
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	50	30	20
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	270	130	130
Asian origins	0	0	0	27,515	12,895	14,620
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,255	640	610
Afghan	0	0	0	70	25	45
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	140	70	70
Armenian	0	0	0	70	25	40
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	30	0	25
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	315	180	135
Iraqi	0	0	0	90	45	45
Israeli	0	0	0	30	15	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	20	20	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	355	185	170
Palestinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	15	15	10
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	50	25	30
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	35	25	10
Turk	0	0	0	85	55	30
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	30	20	15
South Asian origins	0	0	0	8,755	4,345	4,415
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	7,295	3,585	3,715
Goan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	440	220	215
Punjabi	0	0	0	1,100	570	530
Sinhalese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	55	35	25
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	185	70	110
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	17,650	7,975	9,680
Burmese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Chinese	0	0	0	12,930	6,070	6,870
Filipino	0	0	0	1,530	500	1,030
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	155	75	70
Japanese	0	0	0	885	405	480
Karen	0	0	0	15	10	10
Korean	0	0	0	1,525	685	840
Laotian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Malaysian	0	0	0	120	50	65
Mongolian	0	0	0	25	0	20
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	785	335	460
Thai	0	0	0	55	15	40
Tibetan	0	0	0	30	15	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	165	75	85
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	40	10	25
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	20	0	10
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Oceania origins	0	0	0	690	280	410
Australian	0	0	0	300	125	180
New Zealander	0	0	0	145	60	85
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	255	100	155
Fijian	0	0	0	90	35	50
Hawaiian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Maori	0	0	0	70	30	45
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	25	10	10
Samoan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	85	...	...	41,925	...	...
Owner	60	...	...	33,285	...	...
Renter	20	...	...	8,630	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	80	...	...	41,925	...	...
Condominium	10	...	...	12,210	...	...
Not condominium	75	...	...	29,715	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	80	...	...	41,920	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	90	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	4,540	...	...
2 bedrooms	20	...	...	12,030	...	...
3 bedrooms	25	...	...	11,935	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	40	...	...	13,320	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	85	...	...	41,925	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	0	...	...	10,585	...	...
5 rooms	10	...	...	6,290	...	...
6 rooms	0	...	...	5,790	...	...
7 rooms	30	...	...	4,740	...	...
8 or more rooms	35	...	...	14,515	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	8.7	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	85	...	...	41,920	...	...
One person or fewer per room	85	...	...	41,505	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	415	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	85	...	...	41,920	...	...
Suitable	85	...	...	40,945	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	975	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	80	...	...	41,925	...	...
1960 or before	35	...	...	2,470	...	...
1961 to 1980	35	...	...	8,900	...	...
1981 to 1990	10	...	...	9,280	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	7,175	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	3,610	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	5,065	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	5,425	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	85	...	...	41,920	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	70	...	...	40,300	...	...
Major repairs needed	10	...	...	1,620	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	80	...	...	41,920	...	...
1 household maintainer	60	...	...	24,585	...	...
2 household maintainers	20	...	...	16,345	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	990	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	85	...	...	41,920	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	360	...	...
25 to 34 years	10	...	...	3,030	...	...
35 to 44 years	25	...	...	6,020	...	...
45 to 54 years	0	...	...	8,480	...	...
55 to 64 years	25	...	...	9,390	...	...
65 to 74 years	15	...	...	8,240	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	4,525	...	...
85 years and over	0	...	...	1,875	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	41,565	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	30,250	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	11,315	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	8,690	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	60	...	...	33,080	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	46.2	...	...	53.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	22.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	794	...	...	1,154	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	768	...	...	1,606	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	100,051	...	...	898,741	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	123,136	...	...	1,048,439	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	20	...	...	8,590	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	11.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	44.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,202	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,376	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	115	60	55	86,500	40,660	45,840
No certificate, diploma or degree	40	30	10	9,440	4,620	4,825
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	25	15	10	24,785	11,270	13,515
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	55	10	40	52,275	24,775	27,500
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	10	0	6,540	4,655	1,885
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	2,715	1,475	1,235
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	10	0	3,820	3,180	640
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	0	20	16,675	6,360	10,315
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	15	0	10	3,615	1,535	2,085
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	25,445	12,225	13,220
Bachelor's degree	10	0	0	15,700	7,405	8,290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	2,240	875	1,365
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	1,150	665	480
Master's degree	0	0	10	5,575	2,760	2,805
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	780	510	270
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	80	45	40	52,150	24,325	27,825
No certificate, diploma or degree	15	10	0	2,530	1,405	1,125
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	20	15	0	12,590	5,895	6,700
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40	10	30	37,030	17,030	20,005
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	3,765	2,745	1,025
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	1,575	895	680
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	10	10	0	2,195	1,850	345
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20	0	15	11,470	4,365	7,105
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	10	2,500	1,080	1,420
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	10	0	10	19,290	8,840	10,450
Bachelor's degree	10	0	10	11,850	5,375	6,470
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	1,585	555	1,035
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	915	490	425
Master's degree	10	0	10	4,415	2,090	2,325
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	530	335	195
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	115	60	55	86,500	40,665	45,840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	65	45	20	34,225	15,885	18,340
Education	10	0	10	4,545	1,080	3,465
13. Education	10	0	10	4,540	1,075	3,465
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	2,085	870	1,215
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	380	285	95
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,705	585	1,120
Humanities	0	0	0	3,230	1,225	2,005
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	460	115	350
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	875	260	610
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	1,015	330	690
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	15	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	125	60	65
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	260	155	100
54. History	0	0	0	405	275	125
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	65	10	60
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10	0	10	6,220	2,350	3,870
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	60	20	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	575	210	365
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	750	40	710
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	1,050	405	645
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	85	20	60
42. Psychology	0	0	0	1,280	335	950
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	2,415	1,315	1,105
Business, management and public administration	10	0	15	12,295	5,660	6,630
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	400	110	295
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15	0	10	11,875	5,545	6,330
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	2,070	1,130	940
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	795	355	435
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	550	305	240
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	15	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	615	435	180
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	95	35	65
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,670	975	695
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,255	795	455
25. Library science	0	0	0	115	0	115
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	280	170	115
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	0	0	9,030	8,135	900
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	380	240	145
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,780	2,335	445
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,650	1,480	175
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	10	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	1,870	1,840	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	1,525	1,460	65
48. Precision production	0	0	0	820	775	45
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10	0	0	790	480	305
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	515	265	245
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	275	215	60
Health and related fields	10	0	10	7,950	1,685	6,270
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	640	260	380
51. Health professions and related programs	10	0	10	7,010	1,250	5,760
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	300	175	125
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	2,400	1,200	1,200
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,450	385	1,060
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	365	280	80
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	580	525	50
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	80	40	35	52,150	24,320	27,830
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	40	30	10	15,115	7,295	7,820
Education	10	0	0	2,795	590	2,205
13. Education	10	0	0	2,795	590	2,205
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,540	635	905
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	240	175	70
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	1,295	460	840
Humanities	0	0	0	2,210	775	1,440
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	340	80	260
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	550	145	410
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	730	210	520
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	15	10	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	100	50	55
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	160	85	75
54. History	0	0	0	270	190	80
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	45	0	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	4,760	1,635	3,120
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	60	20	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	470	165	310
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	575	30	540
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	785	250	535
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	65	15	50
42. Psychology	0	0	0	915	195	715
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	1,890	955	935
Business, management and public administration	15	0	10	9,170	4,260	4,915
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	10	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	260	80	185
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	15	0	10	8,905	4,175	4,725
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	1,405	715	695
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	585	265	315
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	395	190	205
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	365	240	125
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	10	35
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	1,370	810	560
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	1,085	705	385
25. Library science	0	0	0	65	0	70
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	195	100	95
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	6,010	5,235	775
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	300	165	125
14. Engineering	0	0	0	2,090	1,680	410
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,000	855	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	10	10	0	1,265	1,240	25
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	0	0	905	875	30
48. Precision production	0	0	0	445	410	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	530	310	220
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	10	0	335	170	170
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	190	145	50
Health and related fields	10	0	10	5,615	1,255	4,355
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	500	205	295
51. Health professions and related programs	0	0	10	4,850	905	3,945
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	260	140	115
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	1,630	805	820
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	955	255	700
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	275	210	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	385	330	55
Other	0	0	0	0	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	115	60	60	86,500	40,660	45,840
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65	45	20	34,225	15,885	18,340
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50	10	40	52,275	24,775	27,500
Location of study inside Canada	50	10	35	37,965	17,870	20,090
Same as province or territory of residence	45	10	30	28,080	13,035	15,045
Different than province or territory of residence	10	0	0	9,880	4,835	5,045
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	0	14,310	6,900	7,410
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	2,590	1,255	1,335
Philippines	0	0	0	575	155	420
India	0	0	0	900	445	455
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	2,035	1,165	870
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	3,545	1,650	1,895
France	0	0	0	40	30	15
Other	0	0	0	4,630	2,205	2,420
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	80	40	40	52,150	24,320	27,825
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	40	30	10	15,120	7,295	7,820
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	40	15	30	37,030	17,025	20,005
Location of study inside Canada	40	15	25	26,745	12,270	14,475
Same as province or territory of residence	35	10	20	20,710	9,420	11,290
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	6,030	2,845	3,190
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	10,285	4,760	5,525
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,650	770	875
Philippines	0	0	0	460	115	350
India	0	0	0	715	345	375
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	910	520	390
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	3,320	1,540	1,780
France	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other	0	0	0	3,215	1,465	1,750
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	115	55	55	86,500	40,660	45,840
In the labour force	95	50	45	50,390	25,885	24,510
Employed	95	50	45	47,810	24,715	23,100
Unemployed	0	0	0	2,580	1,165	1,410
Not in the labour force	20	10	15	36,105	14,780	21,330
Participation rate	82.6	90.9	81.8	58.3	63.7	53.5
Employment rate	82.6	90.9	81.8	55.3	60.8	50.4
Unemployment rate	0.0	0.0	0.0	5.1	4.5	5.8
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	120	60	55	86,500	40,660	45,840
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	15	0	10	32,790	13,240	19,550
Worked	100	50	50	53,710	27,425	26,290
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	50	30	20	24,145	14,200	9,945
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	45	25	25	29,565	13,220	16,345
Average weeks worked in reference year	45.1	46.2	43.9	41.8	42.8	40.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	95	50	45	50,390	25,885	24,505
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	765	330	435
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	95	50	45	49,630	25,550	24,075
Employee	65	35	30	39,925	19,835	20,090
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	30	15	15	9,700	5,715	3,985
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	95	50	45	50,395	25,885	24,510
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	765	330	435
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	95	50	45	49,625	25,555	24,070
0 Management occupations	25	20	10	8,305	5,470	2,835
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	0	0	10	8,565	2,640	5,930
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	3,235	2,635	605
3 Health occupations	0	0	0	3,555	950	2,600
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	10	0	10	6,200	2,145	4,050
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	2,085	915	1,165
6 Sales and service occupations	10	0	10	10,950	4,735	6,215
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	25	25	0	5,270	4,875	390
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	0	0	0	670	525	145
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	790	660	135
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	95	50	45	50,390	25,880	24,505
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	765	330	435
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	95	50	45	49,630	25,555	24,075
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	35	20	15	515	310	200
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	200	155	45
22 Utilities	0	0	0	320	230	90
23 Construction	15	10	10	4,020	3,400	615
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	2,765	2,005	760
41 Wholesale trade	10	10	0	2,540	1,660	885
44-45 Retail trade	10	0	10	5,250	2,515	2,735
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	10	10	0	3,010	2,125	885
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	1,250	795	465
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	2,515	1,245	1,270
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	1,705	980	720
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	4,910	2,650	2,260
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	155	60	95
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	1,915	1,070	845
61 Educational services	10	0	10	4,090	1,205	2,885
62 Health care and social assistance	0	0	0	5,505	1,220	4,285
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	10	0	0	1,250	620	630
72 Accommodation and food services	0	0	0	3,090	1,220	1,865
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	2,195	790	1,405
91 Public administration	10	0	0	2,430	1,305	1,130
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	95	50	45	47,810	24,715	23,095
Worked at home	25	15	15	6,490	3,175	3,315
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	785	545	230
No fixed workplace address	15	15	0	6,335	4,490	1,840
Worked at usual place	55	25	30	34,205	16,500	17,710
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	55	25	30	34,205	16,500	17,705
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	50	25	30	14,045	5,980	8,060
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	19,205	9,985	9,215
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	770	410	360
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	185	120	70
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	65	35	30	40,545	20,990	19,555
Car, truck, van - as a driver	50	30	10	32,930	17,725	15,205
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	0	0	0	1,835	650	1,185
Public transit	0	0	0	3,070	1,395	1,670
Walked	15	0	20	1,980	795	1,185
Bicycle	0	0	0	225	155	65
Other method	0	0	0	510	275	235
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	70	40	30	40,540	20,995	19,555
Less than 15 minutes	60	30	30	9,645	3,750	5,900
15 to 29 minutes	10	0	0	10,320	5,105	5,210
30 to 44 minutes	0	0	0	10,125	6,050	4,070
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	4,945	2,940	2,000
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	5,505	3,145	2,360
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	70	40	30	40,540	20,990	19,550
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	2,850	2,065	785
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	15	10	0	7,135	4,535	2,595
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	35	20	20	10,225	5,125	5,100
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	20	0	15	8,525	3,895	4,630
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	0	0	0	6,650	2,840	3,805
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	0	0	0	5,160	2,530	2,635
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	95	50	50	55,450	28,220	27,235
Single responses	100	50	45	54,525	27,740	26,785
Official languages	100	50	50	52,655	26,715	25,940
English	100	50	45	52,550	26,700	25,845
French	0	0	0	105	10	95
Non-official languages	0	0	0	1,875	1,030	845
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	1,870	1,030	845
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	250	160	90
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	10	15
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	205	135	70
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	205	135	70
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	205	135	70
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Spanish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	30	10	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	50	70
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,440	800	640
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,440	805	640
Cantonese	0	0	0	80	40	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,300	725	580
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	30	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	925	475	450
English and French	0	0	0	105	55	55
English and non-official language	0	0	0	820	420	400
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	100	50	50	55,455	28,215	27,240
None	100	55	45	51,635	26,275	25,360
English	0	0	0	925	455	470
French	0	0	0	420	185	235
Non-official language	0	0	0	2,435	1,295	1,140
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	10	10
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	2,420	1,290	1,135
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	150	85	65	100,265	47,690	52,575
Non-movers	135	80	55	84,410	40,000	44,405
Movers	10	0	10	15,860	7,695	8,170
Non-migrants	15	0	10	8,140	3,965	4,170
Migrants	0	0	0	7,720	3,725	3,995
Internal migrants	0	0	0	6,035	2,905	3,125
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	4,930	2,355	2,580
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,100	550	550
External migrants	0	0	0	1,685	820	870
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	135	75	60	96,830	45,960	50,865
Non-movers	105	60	45	52,575	24,925	27,655
Movers	30	15	15	44,250	21,040	23,215
Non-migrants	10	0	0	21,395	10,215	11,180
Migrants	20	10	10	22,860	10,825	12,035
Internal migrants	25	15	15	16,790	8,100	8,685
Intraprovincial migrants	15	0	10	13,705	6,605	7,100
Interprovincial migrants	10	0	10	3,085	1,495	1,590
External migrants	0	0	0	6,070	2,725	3,345

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Waskada, VL [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba and South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Waskada, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba and South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Waskada, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba and South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Waskada, Village [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba and South Surrey--White Rock [Federal electoral district], British Columbia