Census Profile, 2016 Census
Benton part A, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick and North Okanagan, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Benton part A, LSD New Brunswick [Designated place]			North Okanagan, RD British Columbia [Census division]
	Data quality , Benton part A, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick Map : Benton part A, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : North Okanagan, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	50	...	...	84,354	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	57	...	...	81,237	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-12.3	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	24	...	...	39,970	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	18	...	...	35,875	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	5.7	...	...	11.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8.71	...	...	7,502.60	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	50	25	30	84,355	40,925	43,430
0 to 14 years	10	5	5	12,250	6,220	6,030
0 to 4 years	0	0	0	3,795	1,940	1,855
5 to 9 years	10	5	5	4,245	2,175	2,070
10 to 14 years	5	0	0	4,210	2,105	2,105
15 to 64 years	30	10	15	51,595	25,005	26,590
15 to 19 years	0	0	0	4,455	2,280	2,175
20 to 24 years	5	0	0	3,860	1,945	1,915
25 to 29 years	0	0	0	3,875	2,045	1,830
30 to 34 years	0	0	5	4,405	2,115	2,290
35 to 39 years	5	0	0	4,325	2,115	2,215
40 to 44 years	5	0	5	4,510	2,210	2,300
45 to 49 years	0	0	0	5,005	2,415	2,595
50 to 54 years	0	0	0	6,525	3,005	3,520
55 to 59 years	5	5	0	7,500	3,555	3,945
60 to 64 years	0	0	5	7,120	3,325	3,800
65 years and over	10	5	5	20,515	9,700	10,810
65 to 69 years	5	0	0	6,530	3,185	3,350
70 to 74 years	0	0	5	4,970	2,415	2,555
75 to 79 years	0	0	0	3,700	1,785	1,915
80 to 84 years	0	0	0	2,695	1,275	1,415
85 years and over	5	5	5	2,610	1,040	1,575
85 to 89 years	0	0	0	1,690	735	960
90 to 94 years	5	0	0	710	250	460
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	185	45	145
100 years and over	0	0	0	25	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	20.0	20.0	16.7	14.5	15.2	13.9
15 to 64 years	60.0	40.0	50.0	61.2	61.1	61.2
65 years and over	20.0	20.0	16.7	24.3	23.7	24.9
85 years and over	10.0	20.0	16.7	3.1	2.5	3.6
Average age of the population	41.7	41.6	41.8	45.8	44.9	46.6
Median age of the population	40.0	41.0	39.0	49.5	48.2	50.6
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	20	...	...	35,875	...	...
Single-detached house	20	...	...	23,025	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	310	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	0	...	...	11,095	...	...
Semi-detached house	0	...	...	1,890	...	...
Row house	0	...	...	2,185	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	2,195	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	0	...	...	4,685	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	145	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	1,455	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	15	...	...	35,875	...	...
1 person	0	...	...	9,975	...	...
2 persons	10	...	...	15,000	...	...
3 persons	0	...	...	4,705	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	3,870	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	2,330	...	...
Number of persons in private households	50	...	...	82,455	...	...
Average household size	3.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	40	20	20	72,105	34,705	37,400
Married or living common law	30	15	15	43,865	21,895	21,970
Married	25	15	10	36,195	18,075	18,120
Living common law	5	0	5	7,670	3,820	3,850
Not married and not living common law	10	0	10	28,240	12,805	15,435
Never married	10	0	5	15,425	8,505	6,920
Separated	0	0	0	2,310	990	1,315
Divorced	5	0	0	5,590	2,235	3,360
Widowed	0	0	0	4,910	1,075	3,835
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	15	...	...	25,120	...	...
2 persons	10	...	...	15,600	...	...
3 persons	0	...	...	4,340	...	...
4 persons	5	...	...	3,550	...	...
5 or more persons	0	...	...	1,635	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	15	...	...	25,125	...	...
Total couple families	15	...	...	21,535	...	...
Married couples	10	...	...	17,705	...	...
Common-law couples	0	...	...	3,835	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	0	...	...	3,590	...	...
Female parent	0	...	...	2,765	...	...
Male parent	0	...	...	820	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	21,535	...	...
Couples without children	5	...	...	13,320	...	...
Couples with children	5	...	...	8,215	...	...
1 child	0	...	...	3,365	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	3,290	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	1,560	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5	...	...	3,590	...	...
1 child	0	...	...	2,280	...	...
2 children	0	...	...	975	...	...
3 or more children	0	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	5	0	5	15,175	6,875	8,295
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	15	...	...	35,875	...	...
One-census-family households	15	...	...	23,910	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	5	...	...	12,735	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	5	...	...	11,180	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	595	...	...
Non-census-family households	5	...	...	11,365	...	...
One-person households	5	...	...	9,975	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	0	...	...	1,390	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	50	25	30	83,370	40,525	42,845
English only	45	20	20	78,335	38,345	39,995
French only	0	0	0	15	5	5
English and French	5	0	5	4,725	2,045	2,680
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	295	130	160
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	50	20	30	83,370	40,525	42,845
English	50	25	30	82,065	39,935	42,125
French	0	0	0	910	420	490
English and French	0	0	0	120	50	70
Neither English nor French	0	0	0	275	120	155
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	0	0	0	970	445	525
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.0	0.0	0.0	1.2	1.1	1.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	50	20	30	83,370	40,525	42,845
Single responses	50	20	30	82,620	40,195	42,425
Official languages	50	20	25	75,435	36,835	38,600
English	50	20	25	74,385	36,365	38,015
French	0	0	0	1,055	475	580
Non-official languages	5	0	0	7,185	3,355	3,825
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	115	45	75
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	35	10	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	20	10	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	10	5	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	70	25	45
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	25	5	15
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	7,070	3,315	3,750
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	65	40	25
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	55	40	20
Amharic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	45	25	15
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	20	5	15
Vietnamese	0	0	0	90	45	45
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	310	85	225
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	15	5	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	240	65	175
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	5,755	2,765	2,995
Albanian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,375	605	770
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	10	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,355	595	760
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Croatian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Czech	0	0	0	100	60	45
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	150	50	100
Russian	0	0	0	535	225	305
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	415	185	235
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Welsh	0	0	0	0	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,175	1,555	1,620
Afrikaans	0	0	0	95	45	50
Danish	0	0	0	85	45	45
Dutch	5	0	0	665	335	335
Frisian	0	0	0	10	5	5
German	0	0	0	2,220	1,070	1,150
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	35	20	15
Swedish	0	0	0	45	30	15
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	35	20	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	625	310	315
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	595	300	295
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	5	5	5
Hindi	0	0	0	30	20	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	5	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	510	245	265
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Urdu	0	0	0	35	20	20
Iranian languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	510	255	255
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	160	100	60
Portuguese	0	0	0	75	35	40
Romanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Spanish	0	0	0	245	110	130
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Japanese	0	0	0	115	45	70
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	130	55	75
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	5	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	310	135	170
Chinese languages	0	0	0	305	135	170
Cantonese	0	0	0	155	70	85
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	105	45	65
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	10	20
Lao	0	0	0	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	25	5	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	175	85	90
Estonian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Finnish	0	0	0	45	15	30
Hungarian	0	0	0	130	65	60
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	750	325	420
English and French	0	0	0	165	85	85
English and non-official language	0	0	0	550	235	320
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	5	10
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	50	20	30	83,370	40,525	42,845
Single responses	50	20	30	82,245	40,030	42,215
Official languages	50	20	30	80,205	39,070	41,135
English	50	25	25	80,030	38,990	41,040
French	0	0	0	175	80	95
Non-official languages	0	0	0	2,040	965	1,085
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	5	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	0	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	5	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	15	5	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	2,025	955	1,065
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	30	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Arabic	0	0	0	20	10	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	75	35	40
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	85	35	50
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	5	0	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	0	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	70	25	45
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	1,470	705	765
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	315	140	175
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	305	135	175
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Czech	0	0	0	30	10	15
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	30	15	20
Russian	0	0	0	185	80	105
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	590	285	300
Afrikaans	0	0	0	50	25	30
Danish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dutch	0	0	0	80	45	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	450	220	230
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	405	195	205
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	395	195	200
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hindi	0	0	0	20	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	5
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	345	165	175
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	125	60	65
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	15
Romanian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Spanish	0	0	0	90	45	45
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	40	20	25
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	95	40	50
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	15	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	145	70	80
Chinese languages	0	0	0	145	65	80
Cantonese	0	0	0	70	30	35
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	50	20	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	10	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	1,125	495	630
English and French	0	0	0	75	30	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,040	460	575
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	50	20	30	83,365	40,525	42,845
None	50	25	25	79,415	38,755	40,665
English	0	0	0	915	440	480
French	0	0	0	650	270	375
Non-official language	0	0	0	2,315	1,030	1,280
Aboriginal	0	0	0	125	55	70
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	2,190	975	1,215
English and French	0	0	0	10	0	5
English and non-official language	0	0	0	20	5	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	25
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	40	20	20	70,220	33,900	36,320
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	68,205	33,000	35,205
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	31,562	40,263	25,668
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	68,260	33,045	35,215
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	28,668	35,472	24,132
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	61,455	30,280	31,175
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	27,926	36,848	21,411
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	50,440	22,310	28,130
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	8,544	9,650	7,940
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	x	x	x	47,890	24,435	23,460
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	27,459	36,251	21,651
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	35	15	25	70,220	33,900	36,325
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	68,195	32,970	35,220
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	41,715	50,989	33,033
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	68,255	33,015	35,240
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	35,463	42,268	29,087
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	61,450	30,245	31,210
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	38,923	48,583	29,562
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	50,325	22,335	27,990
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	8,997	9,486	8,607
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	x	x	x	47,895	24,220	23,670
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	x	x	x	37,885	47,289	28,261
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	x	x	x	70,225	33,900	36,325
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	x	x	x	18,095	10,300	7,795
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	x	x	x	49,940	58,553	41,986
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	x	x	x	58,165	66,347	47,348
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	x	x	x	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	x	x	x	84.2	87.6	79.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	x	x	x	63.0	67.4	56.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	x	x	x	15.8	12.5	20.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	x	x	x	70,225	33,900	36,320
Without total income	x	x	x	2,020	900	1,120
With total income	x	x	x	68,205	33,000	35,205
Percentage with total income	x	x	x	97.1	97.3	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	8,840	3,315	5,525
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	12,985	4,875	8,115
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	10,825	4,460	6,360
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	8,580	3,740	4,840
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,100	3,555	3,545
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	5,125	2,865	2,260
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	3,915	2,525	1,395
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,920	1,925	1,000
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	2,190	1,430	760
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,535	1,095	440
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	4,180	3,210	965
$100,000 to $149,999	x	x	x	2,850	2,175	675
$150,000 and over	x	x	x	1,330	1,035	295
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	x	x	70,225	33,900	36,325
Without after-tax income	x	x	x	1,960	860	1,110
With after-tax income	x	x	x	68,260	33,040	35,215
Percentage with after-tax income	x	x	x	97.2	97.5	96.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	9,295	3,520	5,775
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	13,685	5,255	8,430
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	12,570	5,270	7,305
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	9,855	4,525	5,325
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	7,395	3,970	3,425
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	5,225	3,305	1,915
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	3,475	2,295	1,175
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,460	1,655	810
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	4,295	3,240	1,055
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,410	1,035	380
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	865	640	225
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	2,020	1,570	455
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	x	x	x	70,225	33,900	36,325
Without employment income	x	x	x	22,330	9,470	12,865
With employment income	x	x	x	47,890	24,430	23,460
Percentage with employment income	x	x	x	68.2	72.1	64.6
Under $5,000 (including loss)	x	x	x	9,505	4,405	5,100
$5,000 to $9,999	x	x	x	3,820	1,575	2,250
$10,000 to $19,999	x	x	x	6,405	2,585	3,820
$20,000 to $29,999	x	x	x	5,500	2,275	3,225
$30,000 to $39,999	x	x	x	4,885	2,105	2,780
$40,000 to $49,999	x	x	x	4,240	2,120	2,125
$50,000 to $59,999	x	x	x	3,250	1,875	1,380
$60,000 to $69,999	x	x	x	2,595	1,720	875
$70,000 to $79,999	x	x	x	2,040	1,415	620
$80,000 and over	x	x	x	5,645	4,360	1,285
$80,000 to $89,999	x	x	x	1,620	1,105	515
$90,000 to $99,999	x	x	x	1,090	820	275
$100,000 and over	x	x	x	2,930	2,435	495
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	x	...	...	35,875	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	63,364	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	56,311	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	9,975	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	29,867	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	27,406	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	x	...	...	25,900	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	80,561	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,838	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	x	...	...	35,875	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	79,294	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	67,472	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	9,995	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	38,938	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	33,657	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	25,885	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	94,873	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	80,526	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	x	...	...	35,875	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	475	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	375	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	1,085	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,710	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	1,900	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,560	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	1,800	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	1,800	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	1,675	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,655	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	2,980	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	2,680	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	2,340	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,190	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	1,915	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	9,740	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	3,610	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	2,290	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	x	...	...	2,270	...	...
$200,000 and over	x	...	...	1,570	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	x	...	...	35,875	...	...
Under $5,000	x	...	...	525	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	x	...	...	380	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	x	...	...	1,125	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	x	...	...	1,755	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	x	...	...	2,140	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	x	...	...	1,860	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	x	...	...	2,160	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	x	...	...	2,030	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	x	...	...	2,035	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	x	...	...	1,805	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	x	...	...	3,360	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	x	...	...	2,910	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	x	...	...	2,755	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	x	...	...	2,235	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	x	...	...	1,890	...	...
$100,000 and over	x	...	...	6,915	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	x	...	...	3,155	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	x	...	...	1,690	...	...
$150,000 and over	x	...	...	2,065	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	x	...	...	24,865	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	79,853	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	70,283	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.3	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	12,545	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	72,361	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	64,146	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	3.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	8,320	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	107,622	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	92,970	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.0	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	x	...	...	3,335	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	46,963	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	43,149	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.0	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	x	...	...	24,870	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	94,489	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	80,106	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	12,530	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	86,778	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	73,726	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	8,290	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	122,314	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	102,413	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	x	...	...	3,345	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	55,399	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	x	...	...	49,107	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	x	x	x	13,555	6,220	7,340
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	28,226	30,357	26,852
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	x	x	x	26,120	27,588	25,071
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	x	x	x	13,465	6,155	7,310
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	36,722	39,848	34,088
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	x	x	x	31,792	33,948	29,975
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	x	x	x	82,455	40,115	42,345
In the bottom half of the distribution	x	x	x	44,670	20,870	23,795
In the bottom decile	x	x	x	8,620	4,075	4,545
In the second decile	x	x	x	9,570	4,215	5,355
In the third decile	x	x	x	9,255	4,325	4,935
In the fourth decile	x	x	x	8,365	4,010	4,360
In the fifth decile	x	x	x	8,850	4,245	4,605
In the top half of the distribution	x	x	x	37,785	19,240	18,545
In the sixth decile	x	x	x	8,245	4,140	4,105
In the seventh decile	x	x	x	8,185	4,155	4,030
In the eighth decile	x	x	x	7,785	3,980	3,805
In the ninth decile	x	x	x	7,375	3,760	3,610
In the top decile	x	x	x	6,190	3,205	2,990
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	x	x	x	78,730	38,330	40,405
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	14,515	7,355	7,160
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	4,470	2,295	2,170
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	46,665	22,565	24,095
65 years and over	x	x	x	17,555	8,405	9,145
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	x	x	x	11,890	5,375	6,515
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	2,625	1,360	1,265
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	835	455	380
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	6,545	2,945	3,600
65 years and over	x	x	x	2,720	1,065	1,655
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	x	x	x	15.1	14.0	16.1
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	18.1	18.5	17.7
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	18.7	19.8	17.5
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	14.0	13.1	14.9
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	15.5	12.7	18.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	x	x	x	5,620	2,695	2,925
0 to 17 years	x	x	x	1,205	630	575
0 to 5 years	x	x	x	340	185	150
18 to 64 years	x	x	x	4,020	1,895	2,130
65 years and over	x	x	x	395	175	220
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	x	x	x	7.1	7.0	7.2
0 to 17 years (%)	x	x	x	8.3	8.6	8.0
0 to 5 years (%)	x	x	x	7.6	8.1	6.9
18 to 64 years (%)	x	x	x	8.6	8.4	8.8
65 years and over (%)	x	x	x	2.3	2.1	2.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	60	25	35	82,460	40,115	42,345
Official languages	60	25	35	82,115	39,955	42,160
English	55	25	30	82,115	39,955	42,160
French	10	0	15	4,690	1,925	2,765
Non-official languages	0	0	0	9,145	4,250	4,890
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	260	85	180
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	15	0	15
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	10	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	205	75	125
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	10	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	140	55	90
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	55	20	30
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	8,885	4,170	4,715
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	120	60	60
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	10	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	75	35	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	15
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	130	60	75
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	130	60	70
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	400	100	295
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	0	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	15	10	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	25	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	340	80	260
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	7,265	3,500	3,765
Albanian	0	0	0	60	25	40
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,590	735	850
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	1,590	735	850
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Croatian	0	0	0	50	30	20
Czech	0	0	0	120	70	50
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	180	75	105
Russian	0	0	0	835	385	445
Serbian	0	0	0	45	25	25
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	45	20	25
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	380	165	210
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	15	10	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	3,655	1,825	1,830
Afrikaans	0	0	0	120	60	60
Danish	0	0	0	115	50	60
Dutch	0	0	0	625	345	280
Frisian	0	0	0	20	15	0
German	0	0	0	2,755	1,345	1,410
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	50	20	30
Swedish	0	0	0	65	30	30
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	15	10	15
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	860	410	445
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	765	370	395
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	140	75	60
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	10	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	660	305	350
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Urdu	0	0	0	60	35	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	105	50	55
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	15	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	90	40	45
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	1,470	665	805
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	210	110	100
Portuguese	0	0	0	80	30	50
Romanian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Spanish	0	0	0	1,180	520	665
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	180	85	95
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	135	50	85
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	170	60	110
American Sign Language	0	0	0	75	10	60
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	95	55	45
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	340	170	170
Chinese languages	0	0	0	340	175	170
Cantonese	0	0	0	150	80	75
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	140	70	70
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	20	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	55	30	20
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	180	80	100
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Finnish	0	0	0	45	15	25
Hungarian	0	0	0	125	55	70
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	60	25	35	82,455	40,115	42,345
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	55	25	35	79,790	38,830	40,960
Canadian citizens aged under 18	25	15	15	14,610	7,480	7,130
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	35	10	20	65,180	31,355	33,825
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	0	0	0	2,670	1,285	1,385
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	55	25	35	82,455	40,110	42,345
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	60	25	35	73,415	35,765	37,645
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	0	0	0	8,655	4,130	4,530
Before 1981	0	0	0	4,780	2,400	2,380
1981 to 1990	0	0	0	880	345	535
1991 to 2000	0	0	0	920	415	505
2001 to 2010	0	0	0	1,420	670	755
2001 to 2005	0	0	0	565	280	290
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	855	390	465
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	0	0	0	660	305	350
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	0	385	220	165
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	0	0	0	8,655	4,125	4,530
Under 5 years	0	0	0	1,150	500	650
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	1,645	830	820
15 to 24 years	0	0	0	2,170	1,015	1,155
25 to 44 years	0	0	0	3,160	1,530	1,625
45 years and over	0	0	0	535	255	280
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	8,655	4,125	4,530
Americas	0	0	0	1,280	555	725
Brazil	0	0	0	15	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	25	15	10
El Salvador	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guyana	0	0	0	20	10	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	50	20	40
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	10	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	1,015	440	575
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	105	50	55
Europe	0	0	0	5,270	2,660	2,610
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	35	20	15
France	0	0	0	70	40	35
Germany	0	0	0	1,050	535	515
Greece	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungary	0	0	0	90	50	45
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	50	25	30
Italy	0	0	0	115	75	40
Netherlands	0	0	0	625	395	235
Poland	0	0	0	245	105	140
Portugal	0	0	0	25	10	20
Romania	0	0	0	35	15	25
Russian Federation	0	0	0	100	35	65
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	25	15	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	90	50	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	1,935	905	1,030
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	765	385	380
Africa	0	0	0	270	135	135
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	15	15	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	145	75	75
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	70	35	35
Asia	0	0	0	1,530	620	910
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	215	70	145
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	30	20	10
India	0	0	0	370	195	180
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	65	30	40
Iraq	0	0	0	10	10	0
Japan	0	0	0	55	20	40
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	115	40	75
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	95	40	55
Philippines	0	0	0	310	70	240
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	85	40	50
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	145	75	70
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	300	155	145
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	655	305	355
Americas	0	0	0	55	25	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	10	10	10
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	50	20	25
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	215	125	85
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	25	15	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	80	50	35
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	95	55	40
Africa	0	0	0	35	15	20
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	0	10
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	20	15	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	10	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	305	110	190
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	55	35	25
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	0	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	125	30	95
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	20	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	15	10	10
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	45	30	15
Australia	0	0	0	30	20	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	60	25	30	82,455	40,110	42,345
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	0	0	0	9,565	4,575	4,990
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	0	10	0	17,085	8,345	8,740
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	50	20	30	55,800	27,190	28,610
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	0	0	0	4,010	1,780	2,230
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	2,170	1,000	1,165
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	870	560	310
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	1,300	445	855
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	0	0	0	1,550	625	930
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	250	135	120
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	40	20	20
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	55	25	30	82,455	40,115	42,345
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	0	0	0	6,350	2,780	3,570
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	0	0	0	6,185	2,715	3,470
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	3,345	1,455	1,885
Métis	0	0	0	2,795	1,245	1,550
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	50	15	35
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	100	35	65
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	60	30	35
Non-Aboriginal identity	60	25	35	76,110	37,330	38,775
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	60	25	30	82,460	40,110	42,345
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	2,590	1,130	1,465
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	55	25	35	79,865	38,985	40,885
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	55	25	35	82,455	40,110	42,345
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	1,495	715	780
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	1,485	710	775
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	0	0	0	1,170	560	610
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	285	145	140
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	30	0	25
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	0	0	0	5,570	2,485	3,090
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	0	0	0	5,335	2,370	2,970
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	3,170	1,375	1,795
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	2,135	975	1,165
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	30	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	230	115	120
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	205	95	110
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	55	25	35	75,385	36,910	38,475
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	60	25	30	82,455	40,110	42,340
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	0	0	0	3,490	1,595	1,895
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	900	430	470
Chinese	0	0	0	595	290	300
Black	0	0	0	205	120	85
Filipino	0	0	0	445	130	315
Latin American	0	0	0	205	80	120
Arab	0	0	0	80	40	35
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	245	110	135
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	60	25	35
Korean	0	0	0	175	70	100
Japanese	0	0	0	485	235	245
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	35	30	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	70	30	40
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	55	25	35	78,965	38,520	40,445
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	60	20	30	82,455	40,115	42,345
North American Aboriginal origins	0	0	0	7,070	3,200	3,870
First Nations (North American Indian)	0	0	0	4,580	2,060	2,525
Inuit	0	0	0	85	40	45
Métis	0	0	0	2,660	1,230	1,430
Other North American origins	30	20	15	22,000	10,700	11,300
Acadian	0	0	0	40	20	25
American	10	10	0	1,845	910	935
Canadian	30	20	15	20,755	10,115	10,640
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	45	20	20
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	30	15	20	68,935	33,480	35,455
British Isles origins	35	15	20	45,460	21,845	23,615
Channel Islander	0	0	0	25	15	10
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	10
English	25	10	15	28,615	13,645	14,965
Irish	25	10	15	15,535	7,330	8,205
Manx	0	0	0	20	10	0
Scottish	10	0	10	19,690	9,470	10,225
Welsh	0	0	0	2,645	1,235	1,410
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	2,150	1,000	1,150
French origins	15	10	10	10,250	4,675	5,575
Alsatian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Breton	0	0	0	10	0	10
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	15	0	10	10,230	4,670	5,555
Western European origins (except French origins)	0	0	0	25,510	12,495	13,015
Austrian	0	0	0	1,455	700	750
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	0	0	0	545	250	295
Dutch	0	0	0	6,200	3,065	3,135
Flemish	0	0	0	65	40	20
Frisian	0	0	0	15	15	0
German	0	0	0	18,755	9,115	9,640
Luxembourger	0	0	0	25	15	10
Swiss	0	0	0	960	465	495
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	8,975	4,275	4,700
Danish	0	0	0	1,340	660	685
Finnish	0	0	0	585	250	335
Icelandic	0	0	0	615	310	305
Norwegian	0	0	0	4,085	2,025	2,055
Swedish	0	0	0	2,610	1,140	1,470
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	465	225	240
Eastern European origins	0	0	0	15,410	7,240	8,170
Bulgarian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	60	35	30
Czech	0	0	0	510	220	295
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	245	100	145
Estonian	0	0	0	65	25	45
Hungarian	0	0	0	1,120	520	595
Latvian	0	0	0	50	35	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	80	45	45
Moldovan	0	0	0	55	20	35
Polish	0	0	0	3,720	1,790	1,925
Romanian	0	0	0	650	295	360
Russian	0	0	0	3,675	1,655	2,015
Slovak	0	0	0	190	95	95
Ukrainian	0	0	0	7,530	3,535	3,995
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	40	15	20
Southern European origins	0	0	0	3,920	1,980	1,935
Albanian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	230	125	105
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	170	105	70
Italian	0	0	0	2,520	1,310	1,210
Kosovar	0	0	0	40	20	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Maltese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	230	105	120
Serbian	0	0	0	85	35	50
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	55	20	25
Spanish	0	0	0	520	235	285
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	130	65	60
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other European origins	0	0	0	565	305	260
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	10
Jewish	0	0	0	165	100	70
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	0	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	375	190	180
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	135	70	65
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	0	10
Dominican	0	0	0	10	0	10
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	0	0	0	90	50	40
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	0	0	0	565	315	250
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chilean	0	0	0	45	30	10
Colombian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	25	10	15
Guyanese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Mexican	0	0	0	255	150	105
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	30	10	20
Peruvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	30	20	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	20	10	15
African origins	0	0	0	400	205	195
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	65	35	30
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	40	15	25
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	10	10
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	15	10	10
North African origins	0	0	0	30	15	15
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	130	50	75
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	105	40	55
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	20	10	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	180	100	80
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	75	40	40
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	100	60	40
Asian origins	0	0	0	3,535	1,625	1,905
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	385	185	200
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	20	15	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	145	55	85
Iraqi	0	0	0	20	15	10
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	60	40	20
Palestinian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	25	0	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	35	25	15
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	10	0	10
South Asian origins	0	0	0	940	470	470
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	755	395	360
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	120	55	70
Punjabi	0	0	0	75	30	45
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	2,220	980	1,240
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese	0	0	0	720	370	350
Filipino	0	0	0	465	145	325
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	45	20	25
Japanese	0	0	0	600	290	310
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	180	75	100
Laotian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	15	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	55	25	25
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	155	80	80
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	510	255	255
Australian	0	0	0	320	175	145
New Zealander	0	0	0	115	50	70
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	90	45	45
Fijian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hawaiian	0	0	0	55	20	30
Maori	0	0	0	10	15	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	20	...	...	35,875	...	...
Owner	15	...	...	27,255	...	...
Renter	10	...	...	8,570	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	20	...	...	35,875	...	...
Condominium	0	...	...	4,950	...	...
Not condominium	20	...	...	30,930	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	20	...	...	35,875	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	165	...	...
1 bedroom	10	...	...	3,095	...	...
2 bedrooms	0	...	...	9,925	...	...
3 bedrooms	10	...	...	11,205	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	10	...	...	11,490	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	20	...	...	35,875	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	0	...	...	7,710	...	...
5 rooms	0	...	...	5,180	...	...
6 rooms	10	...	...	5,205	...	...
7 rooms	0	...	...	4,895	...	...
8 or more rooms	0	...	...	12,890	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	25	...	...	35,875	...	...
One person or fewer per room	20	...	...	35,655	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	20	...	...	35,875	...	...
Suitable	20	...	...	34,990	...	...
Not suitable	0	...	...	880	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	20	...	...	35,875	...	...
1960 or before	15	...	...	4,565	...	...
1961 to 1980	10	...	...	12,365	...	...
1981 to 1990	0	...	...	4,870	...	...
1991 to 2000	0	...	...	6,935	...	...
2001 to 2005	0	...	...	2,460	...	...
2006 to 2010	0	...	...	3,115	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	1,565	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	20	...	...	35,875	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	15	...	...	33,635	...	...
Major repairs needed	0	...	...	2,240	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	20	...	...	35,875	...	...
1 household maintainer	15	...	...	20,575	...	...
2 household maintainers	10	...	...	14,565	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	740	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	25	...	...	35,875	...	...
15 to 24 years	0	...	...	610	...	...
25 to 34 years	0	...	...	3,365	...	...
35 to 44 years	10	...	...	4,815	...	...
45 to 54 years	0	...	...	6,370	...	...
55 to 64 years	0	...	...	8,405	...	...
65 to 74 years	0	...	...	6,790	...	...
75 to 84 years	0	...	...	4,200	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	1,320	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	33,130	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	25,305	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	x	...	...	7,825	...	...
30% to less than 100%	x	...	...	6,900	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	15	...	...	24,885	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	0.0	...	...	55.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	16.1	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	895	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	1,096	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	380,900	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	0	...	...	429,394	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	0	...	...	8,295	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	10.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	x	...	...	46.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	903	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	0	...	...	973	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	35	10	25	70,225	33,900	36,325
No certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	0	13,140	6,760	6,380
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10	0	0	21,700	10,205	11,500
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	25	0	15	35,380	16,935	18,450
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	8,980	6,610	2,380
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	3,600	1,985	1,615
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	5,385	4,620	765
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	25	10	15	14,900	5,290	9,610
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,950	700	1,250
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	0	9,550	4,335	5,210
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	6,375	2,775	3,600
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	800	320	480
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	370	255	115
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,820	865	960
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	185	125	55
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	30	10	15	42,810	20,480	22,325
No certificate, diploma or degree	0	0	0	4,895	2,755	2,130
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10	0	0	13,210	6,385	6,825
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	20	10	15	24,710	11,345	13,370
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	0	0	0	5,800	4,325	1,470
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	0	0	0	2,220	1,230	995
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	0	0	0	3,575	3,100	480
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	20	10	10	10,715	3,650	7,060
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	0	0	0	1,325	460	865
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	0	0	0	6,875	2,915	3,965
Bachelor's degree	0	0	0	4,630	1,890	2,740
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	540	220	320
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	275	185	95
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,315	545	770
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	115	75	45
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	35	10	25	70,225	33,900	36,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	15	0	10	34,845	16,970	17,875
Education	0	0	0	3,070	890	2,180
13. Education	0	0	0	3,070	890	2,180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	1,105	480	630
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	230	180	50
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	875	300	575
Humanities	0	0	0	1,200	520	680
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	70	25	45
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	280	80	200
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	270	90	185
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	65	25	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	340	195	145
54. History	0	0	0	145	95	50
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	25	0	20
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	2,555	755	1,805
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	15	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	160	50	110
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	715	75	635
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	455	120	335
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	0	20
42. Psychology	0	0	0	460	130	330
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	690	355	335
Business, management and public administration	10	0	10	6,335	1,950	4,385
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	0	15
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	560	120	440
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	10	5,765	1,825	3,935
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	885	470	415
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	390	185	205
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	220	110	110
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	215	170	45
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	65	10	60
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	690	395	295
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	580	365	215
25. Library science	0	0	0	70	10	60
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	40	15	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	0	10	0	8,635	8,170	465
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	120	90	25
14. Engineering	0	0	0	640	580	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	1,340	1,160	175
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	2,740	2,660	85
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	10	0	2,670	2,590	80
48. Precision production	0	10	0	1,115	1,080	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,410	920	490
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	790	435	360
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	615	485	130
Health and related fields	10	0	10	6,850	1,170	5,680
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	385	175	205
51. Health professions and related programs	10	0	10	6,375	930	5,445
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	95	60	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	2,635	1,220	1,415
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,795	480	1,315
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	10
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	210	165	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	615	570	45
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	30	15	15	42,810	20,485	22,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	0	0	0	18,100	9,140	8,960
Education	0	0	0	1,855	445	1,410
13. Education	0	0	0	1,855	450	1,410
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	0	790	300	485
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	160	120	45
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	625	180	445
Humanities	0	0	0	755	315	440
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	50	15	35
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	170	45	125
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	185	65	125
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	10	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	25	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	205	115	90
54. History	0	0	0	80	50	25
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	20	0	15
Social and behavioural sciences and law	0	0	0	1,995	565	1,430
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	0	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	140	35	100
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	0	0	0	510	55	455
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	0	370	85	285
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	20	0	20
42. Psychology	0	0	0	370	120	245
45. Social sciences	0	0	0	540	260	280
Business, management and public administration	0	0	0	4,545	1,320	3,230
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	495	105	390
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10	0	0	4,040	1,215	2,830
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	595	315	285
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	275	120	155
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	155	80	70
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	135	115	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	30	0	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	575	340	230
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	500	320	180
25. Library science	0	0	0	35	0	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	35	10	25
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10	10	0	5,655	5,270	385
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	90	65	25
14. Engineering	0	0	0	375	335	45
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	0	0	0	875	735	145
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	0	0	0	1,860	1,790	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	0	10	0	1,735	1,670	65
48. Precision production	10	10	0	710	685	30
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	1,105	705	395
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	620	330	285
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	485	375	110
Health and related fields	10	0	10	4,920	875	4,045
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	305	140	170
51. Health professions and related programs	10	0	10	4,560	710	3,850
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	55	25	30
Personal, protective and transportation services	0	0	0	1,915	890	1,030
12. Personal and culinary services	0	0	0	1,315	360	955
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	175	130	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	425	395	25
Other	0	0	0	10	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	40	15	25	70,225	33,900	36,325
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	10	34,845	16,965	17,875
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	25	10	15	35,380	16,930	18,445
Location of study inside Canada	25	10	20	31,575	14,960	16,615
Same as province or territory of residence	25	10	20	22,580	10,605	11,975
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	8,995	4,350	4,645
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	3,805	1,975	1,830
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	1,095	585	505
Philippines	0	0	0	195	45	145
India	0	0	0	75	40	35
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	690	380	315
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	30	15	15
France	0	0	0	20	0	20
Other	0	0	0	1,705	905	795
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	30	15	15	42,810	20,485	22,330
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	10	0	0	18,095	9,140	8,955
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	20	0	15	24,710	11,340	13,370
Location of study inside Canada	20	10	15	22,385	10,250	12,140
Same as province or territory of residence	20	10	10	16,535	7,465	9,070
Different than province or territory of residence	0	0	0	5,855	2,785	3,070
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	2,325	1,090	1,235
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	645	310	335
Philippines	0	0	0	195	45	150
India	0	0	0	45	25	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	345	190	155
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	25	15	10
France	0	0	0	15	0	15
Other	0	0	0	1,050	510	545
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	40	10	25	70,225	33,900	36,320
In the labour force	25	0	20	40,730	21,125	19,600
Employed	20	0	15	37,495	19,160	18,340
Unemployed	10	10	10	3,230	1,970	1,265
Not in the labour force	10	10	0	29,500	12,770	16,725
Participation rate	62.5	0.0	80.0	58.0	62.3	54.0
Employment rate	50.0	0.0	60.0	53.4	56.5	50.5
Unemployment rate	40.0	0.0	50.0	7.9	9.3	6.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	35	15	25	70,225	33,900	36,325
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	20	0	10	26,555	11,475	15,080
Worked	20	10	15	43,670	22,425	21,245
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	10	0	10	18,770	10,805	7,965
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	15	10	10	24,900	11,615	13,285
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.1	0.0	0.0	40.7	41.2	40.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	30	10	20	40,730	21,125	19,600
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	10	560	290	270
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	25	10	20	40,170	20,840	19,330
Employee	25	0	20	33,590	16,990	16,605
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	0	0	0	6,575	3,850	2,725
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	25	10	20	40,730	21,130	19,600
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	560	290	270
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	25	10	15	40,170	20,840	19,330
0 Management occupations	0	0	0	4,140	2,515	1,625
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	0	0	0	5,345	1,315	4,035
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	0	0	0	1,930	1,535	395
3 Health occupations	10	0	10	3,275	625	2,655
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	0	0	0	3,855	1,125	2,730
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	0	0	0	870	340	535
6 Sales and service occupations	10	0	10	9,560	3,550	6,015
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	0	0	0	7,400	6,905	490
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	10	10	0	1,935	1,390	540
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	0	0	0	1,855	1,530	320
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	30	10	20	40,730	21,125	19,600
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	10	0	0	560	290	270
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	25	10	15	40,170	20,840	19,330
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	10	10	0	2,270	1,470	800
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	675	595	80
22 Utilities	0	0	0	370	305	70
23 Construction	0	0	0	3,960	3,435	520
31-33 Manufacturing	0	0	0	3,650	2,865	780
41 Wholesale trade	0	0	0	1,015	735	285
44-45 Retail trade	0	0	0	5,345	2,410	2,935
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	10	0	1,540	1,190	350
51 Information and cultural industries	0	0	0	445	235	210
52 Finance and insurance	0	0	0	1,040	310	730
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	740	360	375
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	0	0	0	2,295	1,165	1,125
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	95	40	55
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	0	0	0	1,650	890	760
61 Educational services	0	0	0	2,290	715	1,570
62 Health care and social assistance	10	0	10	5,310	935	4,375
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	1,010	485	525
72 Accommodation and food services	10	0	0	3,190	1,185	2,005
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	0	1,980	850	1,130
91 Public administration	0	0	0	1,290	660	635
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	20	0	15	37,500	19,155	18,340
Worked at home	0	0	0	3,775	1,770	2,000
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	130	95	35
No fixed workplace address	0	0	0	5,455	4,055	1,400
Worked at usual place	20	0	15	28,135	13,240	14,900
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	20	0	15	28,140	13,240	14,900
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	10	0	10	12,885	5,410	7,475
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	11,560	5,595	5,970
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	0	0	0	3,230	1,870	1,360
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	465	365	100
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	25	10	15	33,590	17,290	16,300
Car, truck, van - as a driver	20	10	15	27,970	14,255	13,720
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	10	0	10	1,850	960	895
Public transit	0	0	0	445	250	190
Walked	0	0	0	2,025	920	1,100
Bicycle	0	0	0	410	285	125
Other method	0	0	0	895	620	275
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	20	0	15	33,590	17,290	16,300
Less than 15 minutes	0	0	0	15,100	6,800	8,300
15 to 29 minutes	10	0	10	11,110	5,795	5,315
30 to 44 minutes	10	10	10	4,215	2,505	1,705
45 to 59 minutes	0	0	0	1,520	950	565
60 minutes and over	0	0	0	1,650	1,235	415
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	20	0	15	33,590	17,290	16,300
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	0	0	0	2,560	1,930	630
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	10	10	10	6,175	4,060	2,115
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10	0	10	9,210	4,660	4,540
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	0	0	0	7,100	2,790	4,310
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	0	0	0	3,335	1,120	2,220
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	0	0	0	5,215	2,730	2,480
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	25	0	15	45,120	23,150	21,970
Single responses	25	10	15	45,005	23,105	21,895
Official languages	25	0	15	44,800	22,995	21,805
English	25	10	15	44,690	22,960	21,730
French	0	0	0	110	30	75
Non-official languages	0	0	0	205	105	90
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	20	0	20
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	180	105	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	135	90	50
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	40	30	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	40	30	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	15	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	20	15	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	50	20	25
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	55	20	30
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	50	25	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	25	20	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	30	25	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	10	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	10	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	15	0	15
Cantonese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	120	45	75
English and French	0	0	0	35	10	30
English and non-official language	0	0	0	85	35	45
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	25	10	20	45,120	23,150	21,975
None	25	10	20	44,255	22,765	21,495
English	0	0	0	200	85	120
French	0	0	0	225	90	130
Non-official language	0	0	0	420	205	215
Aboriginal	0	0	0	20	0	20
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	405	210	195
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	20	10	15
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	60	25	35	81,665	39,760	41,910
Non-movers	55	20	35	70,235	34,235	36,005
Movers	0	0	0	11,435	5,525	5,905
Non-migrants	0	0	0	5,505	2,560	2,940
Migrants	0	0	0	5,930	2,965	2,970
Internal migrants	10	0	0	5,570	2,785	2,790
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	3,845	1,945	1,900
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,730	840	885
External migrants	0	0	0	360	180	180
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	60	25	35	78,715	38,150	40,565
Non-movers	50	20	30	47,860	23,195	24,665
Movers	10	0	0	30,850	14,955	15,895
Non-migrants	0	0	0	14,315	6,875	7,440
Migrants	10	0	0	16,530	8,070	8,455
Internal migrants	10	10	0	15,540	7,585	7,955
Intraprovincial migrants	0	0	0	10,275	5,035	5,240
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	5,265	2,550	2,710
External migrants	0	0	0	995	490	505

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

x

area and data suppression

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Benton part A, LSD [Designated place], New Brunswick and North Okanagan, RD [Census division], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Benton part A, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick and North Okanagan, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Benton part A, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick and North Okanagan, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Benton part A, Local service district [Designated place], New Brunswick and North Okanagan, Regional district [Census division], British Columbia