Census Profile, 2016 Census
Linwood, Municipal defined places [Designated place], Ontario and Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Linwood, MDP Ontario [Designated place]			Maple Ridge, CY British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Linwood, Municipal defined places [Designated place], Ontario Map : Linwood, Municipal defined places [Designated place], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	759	...	...	82,256	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	775	...	...	76,052	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-2.1	...	...	8.2	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	278	...	...	31,400	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	275	...	...	30,262	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	775.6	...	...	308.3	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	0.98	...	...	266.78	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	760	370	390	82,255	40,295	41,960
0 to 14 years	145	70	75	14,430	7,395	7,035
0 to 4 years	50	20	30	4,590	2,320	2,270
5 to 9 years	45	30	15	4,910	2,510	2,400
10 to 14 years	50	25	25	4,925	2,560	2,365
15 to 64 years	505	245	260	55,905	27,555	28,350
15 to 19 years	65	25	35	5,395	2,735	2,660
20 to 24 years	65	30	35	4,985	2,600	2,385
25 to 29 years	40	20	15	4,390	2,175	2,220
30 to 34 years	30	20	15	5,265	2,585	2,685
35 to 39 years	40	15	25	5,240	2,530	2,710
40 to 44 years	45	25	20	5,570	2,665	2,900
45 to 49 years	50	20	30	6,555	3,195	3,360
50 to 54 years	65	30	35	6,875	3,355	3,515
55 to 59 years	50	20	30	6,510	3,220	3,295
60 to 64 years	55	35	20	5,125	2,515	2,615
65 years and over	105	55	55	11,920	5,350	6,570
65 to 69 years	40	20	20	4,215	2,010	2,215
70 to 74 years	30	15	15	2,725	1,305	1,415
75 to 79 years	20	5	10	2,005	890	1,115
80 to 84 years	15	10	5	1,530	650	880
85 years and over	10	5	0	1,440	495	945
85 to 89 years	10	5	5	880	320	560
90 to 94 years	0	0	0	445	155	295
95 to 99 years	0	0	0	105	25	75
100 years and over	0	0	0	15	0	10
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	19.1	18.9	19.2	17.5	18.4	16.8
15 to 64 years	66.4	66.2	66.7	68.0	68.4	67.6
65 years and over	13.8	14.9	14.1	14.5	13.3	15.7
85 years and over	1.3	1.4	0.0	1.8	1.2	2.3
Average age of the population	38.5	38.8	38.3	40.1	39.2	41.0
Median age of the population	39.1	38.5	39.2	41.4	40.3	42.3
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	275	...	...	30,265	...	...
Single-detached house	245	...	...	16,825	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	865	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	30	...	...	12,345	...	...
Semi-detached house	15	...	...	795	...	...
Row house	10	...	...	3,615	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	0	...	...	3,710	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	5	...	...	4,225	...	...
Other single-attached house	0	...	...	10	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	215	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	275	...	...	30,260	...	...
1 person	60	...	...	6,725	...	...
2 persons	105	...	...	9,700	...	...
3 persons	35	...	...	5,315	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	5,400	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	3,115	...	...
Number of persons in private households	760	...	...	81,000	...	...
Average household size	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	610	295	315	67,825	32,900	34,925
Married or living common law	395	200	200	40,725	20,290	20,440
Married	375	185	185	34,085	17,000	17,080
Living common law	25	10	15	6,640	3,285	3,355
Not married and not living common law	215	95	120	27,100	12,615	14,490
Never married	170	85	90	17,300	9,425	7,880
Separated	0	0	0	2,000	825	1,170
Divorced	25	10	15	4,310	1,615	2,695
Widowed	20	5	10	3,490	745	2,745
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	210	...	...	23,665	...	...
2 persons	100	...	...	10,985	...	...
3 persons	30	...	...	5,490	...	...
4 persons	45	...	...	5,345	...	...
5 or more persons	40	...	...	1,850	...	...
Average size of census families	3.2	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	215	...	...	23,665	...	...
Total couple families	195	...	...	19,980	...	...
Married couples	190	...	...	16,665	...	...
Common-law couples	10	...	...	3,320	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	15	...	...	3,685	...	...
Female parent	15	...	...	2,810	...	...
Male parent	5	...	...	880	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	200	...	...	19,980	...	...
Couples without children	95	...	...	8,725	...	...
Couples with children	105	...	...	11,255	...	...
1 child	25	...	...	4,365	...	...
2 children	40	...	...	5,105	...	...
3 or more children	35	...	...	1,785	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	3,685	...	...
1 child	5	...	...	2,260	...	...
2 children	5	...	...	1,125	...	...
3 or more children	5	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	70	35	35	11,405	5,320	6,085
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	275	...	...	30,260	...	...
One-census-family households	215	...	...	21,605	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	95	...	...	7,800	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	120	...	...	13,805	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	0	...	...	1,010	...	...
Non-census-family households	60	...	...	7,640	...	...
One-person households	60	...	...	6,730	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5	...	...	915	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	760	370	390	81,280	39,965	41,315
English only	710	350	360	75,560	37,500	38,055
French only	0	0	0	20	5	15
English and French	35	15	20	4,965	2,150	2,815
Neither English nor French	20	10	5	735	305	430
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	755	370	385	81,280	39,965	41,315
English	740	360	375	79,460	39,160	40,300
French	5	0	0	865	415	455
English and French	0	0	0	245	100	140
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	710	295	410
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	5	5	0	990	460	525
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.7	1.4	0.0	1.2	1.2	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	760	375	390	81,280	39,965	41,315
Single responses	750	370	385	80,115	39,425	40,695
Official languages	580	270	305	68,200	33,875	34,325
English	575	270	305	67,270	33,435	33,840
French	5	5	0	930	440	495
Non-official languages	175	95	80	11,915	5,540	6,370
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	5	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	5	5	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	175	90	80	11,905	5,540	6,365
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	215	115	95
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	210	115	95
Amharic	0	0	0	10	5	5
Arabic	0	0	0	165	95	75
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	5	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	5
Maltese	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tigrigna	0	0	0	20	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	220	95	130
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vietnamese	0	0	0	215	95	125
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	5	0	985	370	615
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	5	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	20	5	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	15	5	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	40	20	25
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	860	320	535
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	55	25	25
Kannada	0	0	0	0	5	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	5	10
Tamil	0	0	0	10	10	5
Telugu	0	0	0	20	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	65	35	35
Indo-European languages	170	90	75	7,270	3,500	3,770
Albanian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Armenian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	1,620	745	880
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages	5	0	0	1,600	730	865
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	30	15	20
Bulgarian	0	0	0	50	20	25
Croatian	0	0	0	105	55	55
Czech	0	0	0	140	65	80
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Polish	5	0	0	525	240	285
Russian	0	0	0	430	185	240
Serbian	0	0	0	55	35	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	95	45	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	140	55	85
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	5	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	160	90	70	1,670	795	875
Afrikaans	0	0	0	130	65	65
Danish	0	0	0	95	55	40
Dutch	5	5	0	465	210	255
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	155	85	70	865	415	455
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	45	20	30
Swedish	0	0	0	45	25	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	80	45	35
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,960	985	975
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,300	630	670
Bengali	0	0	0	10	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	55	25	30
Hindi	0	0	0	185	85	95
Kashmiri	0	0	0	5	5	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	910	430	475
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Urdu	0	0	0	105	55	50
Iranian languages	0	0	0	665	360	310
Kurdish	0	0	0	30	20	15
Pashto	0	0	0	15	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	615	330	285
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	1,885	905	980
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	345	175	165
Portuguese	0	0	0	285	135	150
Romanian	0	0	0	395	195	195
Spanish	5	0	0	860	400	460
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	155	45	115
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	760	365	395
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	75	40	35
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	5	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	5
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	10
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	5	5
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	25	15	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,580	705	875
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,580	705	870
Cantonese	0	0	0	485	235	255
Hakka	0	0	0	15	5	5
Mandarin	0	0	0	920	395	525
Min Dong	0	0	0	5	5	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	90	40	50
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	45	25	25
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	35	10	30
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	5
Thai	0	0	0	30	5	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	15	10	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	5	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	410	200	215
Estonian	0	0	0	20	5	10
Finnish	0	0	0	125	65	65
Hungarian	5	0	0	270	130	140
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Multiple responses	10	5	0	1,165	545	620
English and French	0	0	0	210	110	100
English and non-official language	10	5	5	865	400	460
French and non-official language	0	0	0	30	10	20
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	25	40
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	760	370	390	81,280	39,965	41,315
Single responses	745	360	380	78,915	38,855	40,065
Official languages	635	305	330	73,675	36,345	37,330
English	635	305	330	73,485	36,255	37,230
French	0	0	0	185	90	100
Non-official languages	110	60	50	5,240	2,510	2,730
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	110	60	50	5,245	2,510	2,730
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	95	45	55
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	95	45	50
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	85	40	45
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	5	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	5	5	5
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	135	55	80
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	135	60	80
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	330	150	185
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	5	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	295	130	160
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	40	15	25
Indo-European languages	115	60	50	2,800	1,360	1,445
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	645	310	335
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	10	5
Slavic languages	0	0	5	635	300	330
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Croatian	0	0	0	25	10	15
Czech	0	0	0	50	25	25
Macedonian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Polish	0	0	0	195	90	115
Russian	0	0	0	245	120	130
Serbian	0	0	0	25	10	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	25	15	10
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	110	60	50	195	100	105
Afrikaans	0	0	0	70	35	30
Danish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Dutch	5	5	5	35	15	20
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	100	55	45	80	40	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	25	15	10
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,190	590	600
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	775	375	400
Bengali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hindi	0	0	0	80	40	40
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	585	285	305
Sindhi	0	0	0	5	5	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Urdu	0	0	0	70	40	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	410	210	205
Kurdish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Pashto	0	0	0	10	5	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	380	195	185
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5	0	0	740	345	390
Catalan	0	0	0	5	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	35	15	20
Portuguese	0	0	0	80	35	45
Romanian	0	0	0	190	90	100
Spanish	0	0	0	430	205	225
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	60	30	35
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	570	280	285
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	35	25	15
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	30	20	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,010	480	530
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,010	480	530
Cantonese	0	0	0	260	135	125
Hakka	0	0	0	0	5	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	675	310	360
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	5
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	40	20	25
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lao	0	0	0	0	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	5	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	15	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	10	5	5
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	5
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	105	40	55
Estonian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Finnish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	75	30	45
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	15	10	5	2,365	1,110	1,250
English and French	0	0	0	85	40	45
English and non-official language	10	5	5	2,225	1,050	1,175
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	5	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	45	20	30
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	760	370	385	81,280	39,965	41,315
None	700	340	365	74,360	36,750	37,615
English	30	15	10	2,480	1,190	1,285
French	5	0	0	645	295	350
Non-official language	30	15	10	3,680	1,680	2,000
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	5	0
Non-Aboriginal	30	10	10	3,675	1,675	2,000
English and French	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and non-official language	0	0	0	35	15	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	60	25	35
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	615	295	315	66,575	32,470	34,110
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	595	295	300	63,685	31,110	32,575
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,693	50,176	24,704	37,508	48,970	29,524
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	595	295	305	63,765	31,180	32,585
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,640	43,435	23,040	33,324	41,966	27,115
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	560	285	275	58,085	29,020	29,065
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,072	49,152	22,592	35,933	48,796	27,099
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	375	170	205	42,200	17,155	25,045
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	4,272	2,416	5,328	4,857	4,583	4,954
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	480	250	230	50,015	25,640	24,375
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,776	50,880	22,464	37,888	50,984	29,083
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	595	295	305	66,555	32,460	34,095
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	580	285	290	63,720	31,145	32,570
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,180	52,622	33,810	46,950	57,711	36,659
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	580	290	290	63,790	31,210	32,575
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,065	44,360	29,826	39,149	46,781	31,837
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	525	280	245	58,115	29,060	29,055
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,586	49,559	34,650	46,114	57,346	34,880
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	380	195	185	42,085	17,075	25,015
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	6,736	6,596	6,881	7,408	7,683	7,221
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	475	245	230	50,015	25,685	24,325
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,267	48,368	29,485	46,631	57,443	35,217
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	595	290	300	66,555	32,460	34,095
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	250	160	90	23,785	14,190	9,595
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	55,289	55,640	48,269	58,033	66,797	48,343
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	53,974	57,640	47,370	65,391	73,636	53,202
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	90.6	94.2	86.9	89.5	92.7	84.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	77.7	82.7	69.5	77.7	81.7	71.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	9.5	6.7	14.1	10.5	7.3	15.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	615	295	320	66,575	32,465	34,105
Without total income	20	5	15	2,890	1,360	1,535
With total income	595	295	300	63,685	31,115	32,575
Percentage with total income	96.7	100.0	93.8	95.7	95.8	95.5
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	15	50	8,715	3,260	5,455
$10,000 to $19,999	100	25	75	9,870	3,735	6,130
$20,000 to $29,999	75	30	45	7,935	3,045	4,890
$30,000 to $39,999	70	35	35	7,130	2,955	4,175
$40,000 to $49,999	50	35	20	6,460	2,840	3,620
$50,000 to $59,999	60	35	20	5,290	2,705	2,585
$60,000 to $69,999	50	30	20	4,425	2,645	1,780
$70,000 to $79,999	40	30	15	3,540	2,325	1,215
$80,000 to $89,999	10	5	5	2,895	1,905	990
$90,000 to $99,999	20	10	10	2,045	1,415	630
$100,000 and over	45	35	10	5,380	4,275	1,105
$100,000 to $149,999	35	25	10	3,995	3,140	855
$150,000 and over	10	10	0	1,390	1,140	245
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	615	295	315	66,575	32,470	34,105
Without after-tax income	15	5	15	2,810	1,290	1,520
With after-tax income	595	295	305	63,765	31,180	32,590
Percentage with after-tax income	96.7	100.0	96.8	95.8	96.0	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	70	20	55	9,035	3,440	5,595
$10,000 to $19,999	105	25	75	10,420	4,045	6,380
$20,000 to $29,999	90	35	55	9,530	3,740	5,785
$30,000 to $39,999	75	45	35	8,485	3,600	4,885
$40,000 to $49,999	70	50	25	7,460	3,665	3,795
$50,000 to $59,999	60	35	25	5,860	3,475	2,380
$60,000 to $69,999	40	30	15	4,310	2,855	1,455
$70,000 to $79,999	25	20	10	3,270	2,175	1,095
$80,000 and over	45	35	15	5,395	4,185	1,210
$80,000 to $89,999	15	10	5	1,915	1,395	520
$90,000 to $99,999	10	5	5	1,170	935	235
$100,000 and over	20	15	5	2,315	1,855	455
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	610	300	320	66,575	32,465	34,110
Without employment income	135	50	85	16,565	6,830	9,735
With employment income	480	245	230	50,015	25,640	24,370
Percentage with employment income	78.7	81.7	71.9	75.1	79.0	71.4
Under $5,000 (including loss)	45	20	30	6,815	2,940	3,880
$5,000 to $9,999	45	15	30	3,325	1,295	2,025
$10,000 to $19,999	60	15	45	6,030	2,420	3,615
$20,000 to $29,999	55	25	30	4,920	1,985	2,935
$30,000 to $39,999	50	25	25	4,930	1,980	2,945
$40,000 to $49,999	40	25	15	4,630	1,985	2,640
$50,000 to $59,999	50	35	15	4,110	2,165	1,945
$60,000 to $69,999	40	25	15	3,575	2,220	1,355
$70,000 to $79,999	25	25	5	2,970	2,005	965
$80,000 and over	65	45	15	8,715	6,655	2,060
$80,000 to $89,999	15	5	5	2,440	1,635	810
$90,000 to $99,999	15	10	10	1,765	1,285	475
$100,000 and over	30	25	5	4,510	3,730	775
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	275	...	...	30,260	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	78,720	...	...	86,178	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	68,736	...	...	74,142	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	55	...	...	6,725	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	35,200	...	...	36,186	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,352	...	...	32,219	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	215	...	...	23,535	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	93,568	...	...	103,024	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,224	...	...	87,851	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	260	...	...	30,255	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	95,500	...	...	98,885	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	81,975	...	...	82,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	45	...	...	6,720	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,268	...	...	45,190	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	40,385	...	...	38,044	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	220	...	...	23,535	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	105,828	...	...	114,218	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	90,700	...	...	95,251	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	275	...	...	30,260	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	355	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	305	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	670	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5	...	...	945	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	5	...	...	1,030	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	10	...	...	880	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	15	...	...	990	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	20	...	...	1,045	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	5	...	...	985	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	1,015	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	20	...	...	1,925	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	1,945	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	20	...	...	1,885	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	15	...	...	1,865	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	1,810	...	...
$100,000 and over	105	...	...	12,610	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	30	...	...	3,915	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	25	...	...	3,015	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	25	...	...	3,495	...	...
$200,000 and over	25	...	...	2,190	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	275	...	...	30,260	...	...
Under $5,000	0	...	...	390	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	5	...	...	305	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	0	...	...	680	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10	...	...	980	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	10	...	...	1,150	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	5	...	...	1,100	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	20	...	...	1,225	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	15	...	...	1,235	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	10	...	...	1,220	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	10	...	...	1,200	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	30	...	...	2,325	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	25	...	...	2,340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	10	...	...	2,365	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	20	...	...	2,200	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	15	...	...	2,015	...	...
$100,000 and over	85	...	...	9,535	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	35	...	...	4,010	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	15	...	...	2,540	...	...
$150,000 and over	35	...	...	2,980	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	215	...	...	22,980	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	93,440	...	...	101,786	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	83,968	...	...	86,876	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.2	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	95	...	...	7,610	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,056	...	...	87,582	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	68,864	...	...	75,366	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	105	...	...	11,325	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	124,800	...	...	123,453	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,728	...	...	104,535	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.4	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	15	...	...	3,325	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	58,985	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	53,259	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	215	...	...	22,960	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,828	...	...	113,334	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	90,700	...	...	94,383	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	80	...	...	7,560	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,337	...	...	97,510	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,670	...	...	81,208	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	115	...	...	11,305	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,714	...	...	137,068	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,090	...	...	113,462	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	15	...	...	3,320	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	65,402	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	0	...	...	56,772	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	60	35	30	9,490	4,585	4,905
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	35,200	37,376	31,424	32,987	38,318	29,129
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	32,320	34,176	28,224	29,594	33,560	26,624
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	45	25	20	9,380	4,625	4,750
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	46,268	47,072	45,382	41,532	46,081	37,103
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	40,385	41,144	39,549	35,213	38,223	32,282
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	760	370	385	81,005	39,860	41,145
In the bottom half of the distribution	345	170	175	33,025	15,460	17,560
In the bottom decile	40	20	15	6,395	3,000	3,395
In the second decile	50	20	30	5,825	2,505	3,320
In the third decile	80	40	40	6,055	2,805	3,245
In the fourth decile	85	45	45	6,730	3,235	3,490
In the fifth decile	85	45	40	8,020	3,905	4,115
In the top half of the distribution	415	205	210	47,975	24,400	23,575
In the sixth decile	60	30	30	8,985	4,470	4,515
In the seventh decile	95	50	45	9,670	4,915	4,760
In the eighth decile	65	30	35	10,525	5,360	5,165
In the ninth decile	90	40	45	10,665	5,430	5,235
In the top decile	110	50	55	8,125	4,225	3,900
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	760	370	385	81,005	39,860	41,140
0 to 17 years	180	85	90	17,660	9,010	8,650
0 to 5 years	60	30	30	5,530	2,840	2,690
18 to 64 years	475	230	245	52,285	25,750	26,530
65 years and over	110	55	55	11,065	5,100	5,960
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	50	25	25	8,690	3,910	4,780
0 to 17 years	15	10	5	2,260	1,150	1,115
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	710	365	345
18 to 64 years	20	5	10	4,935	2,195	2,740
65 years and over	10	5	5	1,495	560	935
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	6.6	6.8	6.5	10.7	9.8	11.6
0 to 17 years (%)	8.3	11.8	5.6	12.8	12.8	12.9
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	12.8	12.9	12.8
18 to 64 years (%)	4.2	2.2	4.1	9.4	8.5	10.3
65 years and over (%)	9.1	9.1	9.1	13.5	11.0	15.7
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	15	10	5	7,155	3,265	3,880
0 to 17 years	5	0	0	1,845	920	920
0 to 5 years	0	0	0	545	260	280
18 to 64 years	10	5	5	4,395	2,025	2,370
65 years and over	5	0	0	910	320	595
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	2.0	2.7	1.3	8.8	8.2	9.4
0 to 17 years (%)	2.8	0.0	0.0	10.4	10.2	10.6
0 to 5 years (%)	0.0	0.0	0.0	9.9	9.2	10.4
18 to 64 years (%)	2.1	2.2	2.0	8.4	7.9	8.9
65 years and over (%)	4.5	0.0	0.0	8.2	6.3	10.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	770	400	370	80,970	39,840	41,130
Official languages	765	400	360	80,225	39,520	40,705
English	765	400	365	80,205	39,510	40,695
French	35	15	20	5,145	2,280	2,865
Non-official languages	195	105	85	15,485	7,350	8,130
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	190	110	85	15,480	7,355	8,125
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	350	205	150
Berber languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	20	15	10
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	340	195	145
Amharic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Arabic	0	0	0	285	165	120
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	30	15	15
Maltese	0	0	0	15	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	15	10	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	15	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	380	180	200
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	25	15	10
Vietnamese	0	0	0	355	165	185
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,360	570	785
Bikol	0	0	0	10	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	10	30
Fijian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	25	15	10
Ilocano	0	0	0	70	20	50
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	105	50	55
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,220	500	720
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	25	30
Creole languages	0	0	0	55	35	20
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	25	10
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	140	65	70
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	20	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	50	30	25
Telugu	0	0	0	70	35	35
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	100	50	50
Indo-European languages	185	100	85	9,685	4,615	5,065
Albanian	0	0	0	30	15	0
Armenian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Balto-Slavic languages	0	10	0	2,070	940	1,125
Baltic languages	0	0	0	20	15	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	15	0	10
Slavic languages	0	0	0	2,050	930	1,120
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	65	20	45
Bulgarian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Croatian	0	0	0	160	75	80
Czech	0	0	0	225	105	120
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	650	265	390
Russian	0	0	0	705	335	375
Serbian	0	0	0	65	45	20
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	110	60	50
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	15
Ukrainian	0	10	0	205	85	120
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	25	20	10
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	10
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	160	80	75	2,260	1,100	1,155
Afrikaans	0	0	0	325	170	160
Danish	0	0	0	95	40	50
Dutch	20	15	0	495	230	265
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	155	75	75	1,260	635	620
Icelandic	0	0	0	20	10	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	80	25	50
Swedish	0	0	0	45	20	25
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yiddish	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	135	80	55
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	2,390	1,145	1,245
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	1,735	825	905
Bengali	0	0	0	25	15	15
Gujarati	0	0	0	150	75	75
Hindi	0	0	0	635	280	355
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	10	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	65	30	40
Nepali	0	0	0	15	0	10
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	1,135	560	575
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	10
Urdu	0	0	0	150	80	75
Iranian languages	0	0	0	665	320	350
Kurdish	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pashto	0	0	0	35	10	20
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	640	310	325
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	30	0	2,970	1,410	1,560
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	0	0	0	430	190	235
Portuguese	0	0	0	340	170	170
Romanian	0	0	0	460	220	240
Spanish	35	30	10	1,850	860	990
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Japanese	0	0	0	360	125	235
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	850	440	410
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	155	60	95
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	15	10	10
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	50	15	30
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	45	20	20
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	10	35
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	220	105	110
American Sign Language	0	0	0	60	25	40
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	155	85	65
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,840	855	990
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,830	850	975
Cantonese	0	0	0	630	300	325
Hakka	0	0	0	15	10	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,240	550	690
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	160	60	100
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	15
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	25	15	15
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	105	70	35
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	40	30	10
Turkish	0	0	0	60	40	20
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	0	375	185	190
Estonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Finnish	0	0	0	110	50	60
Hungarian	0	0	0	255	130	130
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	770	400	370	80,970	39,845	41,130
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	745	400	350	76,965	37,910	39,050
Canadian citizens aged under 18	210	120	85	16,935	8,585	8,350
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	540	275	265	60,025	29,325	30,705
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	20	0	20	4,010	1,930	2,080
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	770	405	370	80,975	39,840	41,130
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	705	370	330	64,810	32,070	32,745
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	60	30	35	15,465	7,455	8,005
Before 1981	15	0	10	5,345	2,655	2,690
1981 to 1990	10	0	0	1,725	855	870
1991 to 2000	10	10	0	3,200	1,415	1,785
2001 to 2010	10	0	0	3,675	1,765	1,910
2001 to 2005	10	0	10	1,645	790	855
2006 to 2010	0	0	0	2,025	975	1,050
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	15	0	15	1,515	765	750
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	0	0	10	705	320	380
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	65	30	30	15,460	7,455	8,010
Under 5 years	15	10	0	1,925	990	930
5 to 14 years	0	0	0	3,025	1,570	1,460
15 to 24 years	30	10	20	2,960	1,335	1,625
25 to 44 years	10	10	10	6,435	2,965	3,470
45 years and over	0	0	0	1,110	595	515
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	60	30	30	15,465	7,455	8,005
Americas	45	20	25	1,665	770	895
Brazil	0	0	0	60	15	45
Colombia	0	0	0	115	50	65
El Salvador	0	0	0	150	95	55
Guyana	0	0	0	30	15	15
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	50	20	30
Mexico	40	20	25	205	80	120
Peru	0	0	0	80	25	55
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	65	40	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	575	265	315
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	320	160	155
Europe	15	10	10	7,045	3,500	3,540
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	50	15	30
Croatia	0	0	0	160	80	80
France	0	0	0	35	20	20
Germany	0	10	0	595	320	280
Greece	0	0	0	50	35	10
Hungary	0	0	0	120	55	60
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	130	70	60
Italy	0	0	0	175	90	85
Netherlands	0	0	0	420	205	220
Poland	0	0	0	475	200	280
Portugal	0	0	0	130	70	60
Romania	0	0	0	390	185	200
Russian Federation	0	0	0	200	90	105
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	55	35	25
Ukraine	0	0	0	165	75	90
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	10	0	10	3,115	1,555	1,560
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	770	390	380
Africa	0	0	0	930	495	435
Algeria	0	0	0	10	10	0
Egypt	0	0	0	70	35	35
Ethiopia	0	0	0	30	25	0
Kenya	0	0	0	40	15	25
Morocco	0	0	0	20	10	10
Nigeria	0	0	0	75	35	40
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	470	240	230
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	220	130	90
Asia	0	0	0	5,555	2,555	3,000
Afghanistan	0	0	0	130	65	65
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	665	295	370
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	270	120	145
India	0	0	0	850	415	430
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	405	205	205
Iraq	0	0	0	40	20	15
Japan	0	0	0	100	15	90
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	610	305	305
Lebanon	0	0	0	35	15	15
Pakistan	0	0	0	80	25	50
Philippines	0	0	0	1,200	495	705
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	40	15	25
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	75	50	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	230	105	125
Viet Nam	0	0	0	235	125	110
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	580	270	310
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	265	130	140
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	20	10	15	1,520	770	750
Americas	15	10	15	195	70	115
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	10	0	15
Cuba	0	0	0	10	10	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	15	10	10	35	10	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	70	25	40
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	30	15	20
Europe	0	0	0	345	195	155
France	0	0	0	10	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	35	20	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	40	25	20
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	10	15
Ukraine	0	0	0	35	10	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	160	105	55
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	45	25	20
Africa	0	0	0	80	40	40
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	15	10	15
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	10	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	30	15	10
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	15	10	0
Asia	0	0	0	875	440	435
Afghanistan	0	0	0	10	10	10
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	165	80	85
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	10	10
India	0	0	0	135	55	80
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	40	30	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	10	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	340	165	175
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	20	15	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	55	35	25
Taiwan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	30	10	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	20	20	0
Australia	0	0	0	15	10	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	770	400	370	80,975	39,845	41,130
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	85	40	40	16,620	8,025	8,595
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	95	40	55	17,750	8,685	9,065
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	590	315	275	46,600	23,130	23,470
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	45	25	25	10,375	4,945	5,435
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	0	0	0	6,040	2,940	3,105
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	0	0	0	2,285	1,400	885
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	0	0	0	3,755	1,540	2,220
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	25	10	15	2,885	1,190	1,700
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	20	15	0	1,405	790	620
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	40	25	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	770	400	375	80,975	39,840	41,130
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	10	0	10	3,815	1,760	2,050
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	15	0	10	3,720	1,735	1,985
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	10	1,955	885	1,065
Métis	0	0	0	1,760	850	910
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	65	20	45
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	25	10	20
Non-Aboriginal identity	760	400	365	77,160	38,075	39,080
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	770	400	370	80,975	39,840	41,130
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	0	0	0	940	410	535
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	770	405	370	80,035	39,435	40,595
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	770	405	370	80,970	39,840	41,130
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	0	0	0	380	195	185
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	0	0	0	370	195	180
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	10	0	0	210	100	110
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	160	95	70
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	10	10	0	3,935	1,780	2,155
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	10	10	0	3,765	1,695	2,075
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	2,205	965	1,240
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	1,535	720	820
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	170	90	85
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	165	80	80
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	15	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	755	395	365	76,655	37,865	38,790
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	775	400	370	80,970	39,845	41,130
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	20	20	10	12,115	5,700	6,420
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	0	0	0	2,480	1,245	1,235
Chinese	0	0	0	2,340	1,085	1,260
Black	0	0	0	945	435	505
Filipino	0	0	0	1,810	795	1,020
Latin American	25	20	0	875	410	465
Arab	0	0	0	160	80	80
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	705	310	395
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	740	355	380
Korean	0	0	0	840	435	405
Japanese	0	0	0	570	245	320
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	195	85	115
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	465	230	240
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	750	380	365	68,855	34,140	34,715
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	775	400	370	80,975	39,840	41,130
North American Aboriginal origins	15	0	10	4,315	1,980	2,340
First Nations (North American Indian)	10	10	0	2,585	1,145	1,435
Inuit	0	0	0	35	25	10
Métis	0	0	0	1,880	900	975
Other North American origins	175	80	95	22,045	10,995	11,050
Acadian	0	0	0	25	15	15
American	10	0	0	1,360	680	680
Canadian	170	75	95	21,175	10,530	10,645
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	30	25	10
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Québécois	0	0	0	20	10	10
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	590	325	265	62,330	30,745	31,585
British Isles origins	255	130	125	43,835	21,560	22,275
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	110	55	55	27,190	13,145	14,040
Irish	140	60	80	15,010	7,155	7,855
Manx	0	0	0	45	25	20
Scottish	115	65	50	19,835	9,775	10,065
Welsh	10	10	10	2,550	1,245	1,305
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	0	0	0	2,445	1,180	1,265
French origins	50	10	35	8,885	4,170	4,715
Alsatian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	55	15	40	8,875	4,165	4,715
Western European origins (except French origins)	435	240	195	17,610	8,505	9,110
Austrian	0	0	0	1,105	540	565
Bavarian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Belgian	0	0	0	460	235	220
Dutch	30	20	10	4,650	2,180	2,470
Flemish	0	0	0	20	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	385	210	175	12,595	6,140	6,455
Luxembourger	0	0	0	10	0	10
Swiss	125	70	55	350	140	210
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	0	0	0	8,215	3,970	4,245
Danish	0	0	0	1,285	635	645
Finnish	0	0	0	1,055	560	490
Icelandic	0	0	0	665	305	360
Norwegian	0	0	0	3,135	1,525	1,605
Swedish	0	0	0	2,425	1,120	1,305
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	0	0	430	175	250
Eastern European origins	45	20	20	13,005	6,405	6,600
Bulgarian	0	0	0	120	65	60
Byelorussian	0	0	0	85	50	35
Czech	0	0	0	700	375	330
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	10	0	120	50	75
Estonian	0	0	0	145	100	50
Hungarian	15	10	0	1,315	685	630
Latvian	0	0	0	65	35	30
Lithuanian	0	0	0	85	55	30
Moldovan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Polish	20	10	10	3,490	1,690	1,805
Romanian	0	0	0	875	420	455
Russian	10	0	0	2,525	1,220	1,305
Slovak	0	0	0	230	105	125
Ukrainian	10	0	10	5,270	2,525	2,740
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Southern European origins	0	0	0	7,580	3,955	3,625
Albanian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Bosnian	0	0	0	85	35	50
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	415	240	180
Cypriot	0	0	0	15	10	0
Greek	0	0	0	455	255	205
Italian	0	0	0	4,025	2,140	1,885
Kosovar	0	0	0	20	15	10
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	1,185	630	555
Serbian	0	0	0	195	110	85
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	120	50	65
Spanish	0	0	0	1,230	565	660
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	0	265	115	145
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	20	10	15
Other European origins	0	0	0	550	295	250
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	0	0	0	170	85	85
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	0	0	0	375	205	165
Caribbean origins	0	0	0	690	280	405
Antiguan	0	0	0	15	0	15
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	60	20	35
Bermudan	0	0	0	15	10	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	30	10	25
Grenadian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Jamaican	0	0	0	345	150	200
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	100	35	65
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	55	30	20
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	60	30	30
Latin, Central and South American origins	70	40	25	1,435	725	715
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	10	25	20	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	30	10	20
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	80	30	45
Chilean	0	0	0	105	50	55
Colombian	0	0	0	165	85	80
Costa Rican	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Guatemalan	0	0	0	55	30	30
Guyanese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Honduran	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maya	0	0	0	30	15	15
Mexican	60	40	20	510	245	265
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	10	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	25	15	20
Paraguayan	0	0	0	30	15	10
Peruvian	0	0	0	145	65	80
Salvadorean	0	0	0	175	95	80
Uruguayan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Venezuelan	0	0	0	40	20	20
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	30	10	20
African origins	0	0	0	1,415	735	680
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	140	85	60
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	45	30	20
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	80	50	25
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	120	70	55
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	20	15	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	80	40	35
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	665	345	320
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	20	20	10
Ethiopian	0	0	0	40	35	15
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	20	0	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	35	15	15
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	10	0
South African	0	0	0	460	250	210
Tanzanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	40	0	35
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other African origins	0	0	0	495	250	250
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	85	45	40
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	410	205	210
Asian origins	0	0	0	10,760	5,095	5,670
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	0	0	0	1,465	735	730
Afghan	0	0	0	195	100	95
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	30	15	15
Armenian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	10
Georgian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	635	300	335
Iraqi	0	0	0	45	25	25
Israeli	0	0	0	35	15	15
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kazakh	0	0	0	15	0	15
Kurd	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	0	0	0	130	80	55
Palestinian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	85	50	35
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	75	35	40
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	0	10
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	55	25	30
South Asian origins	0	0	0	2,495	1,190	1,310
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
East Indian	0	0	0	2,095	975	1,115
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	10	10
Pakistani	0	0	0	115	60	60
Punjabi	0	0	0	200	110	85
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	110	50	55
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	95	50	40
East and Southeast Asian origins	0	0	0	6,880	3,205	3,670
Burmese	0	0	0	10	10	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Chinese	0	0	0	2,645	1,270	1,380
Filipino	0	0	0	1,920	850	1,070
Hmong	0	0	0	105	55	55
Indonesian	0	0	0	155	75	85
Japanese	0	0	0	730	315	415
Karen	0	0	0	10	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	880	460	420
Laotian	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	80	40	45
Mongolian	0	0	0	15	10	15
Singaporean	0	0	0	15	10	10
Taiwanese	0	0	0	195	100	95
Thai	0	0	0	45	25	20
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	415	180	235
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	0	0	0	635	315	320
Australian	0	0	0	235	130	105
New Zealander	0	0	0	80	50	35
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	320	135	190
Fijian	0	0	0	235	100	135
Hawaiian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Maori	0	0	0	30	20	10
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	45	0	45
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	260	...	...	30,255	...	...
Owner	230	...	...	24,160	...	...
Renter	35	...	...	6,095	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	260	...	...	30,255	...	...
Condominium	15	...	...	5,830	...	...
Not condominium	250	...	...	24,425	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	265	...	...	30,250	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	95	...	...
1 bedroom	15	...	...	2,895	...	...
2 bedrooms	35	...	...	5,850	...	...
3 bedrooms	145	...	...	10,385	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	65	...	...	11,030	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	265	...	...	30,255	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	20	...	...	6,125	...	...
5 rooms	25	...	...	4,290	...	...
6 rooms	30	...	...	4,165	...	...
7 rooms	65	...	...	3,850	...	...
8 or more rooms	120	...	...	11,820	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.2	...	...	6.9	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	260	...	...	30,255	...	...
One person or fewer per room	255	...	...	29,960	...	...
More than 1 person per room	0	...	...	295	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	260	...	...	30,255	...	...
Suitable	245	...	...	29,205	...	...
Not suitable	15	...	...	1,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	260	...	...	30,255	...	...
1960 or before	115	...	...	2,800	...	...
1961 to 1980	55	...	...	6,950	...	...
1981 to 1990	50	...	...	5,665	...	...
1991 to 2000	15	...	...	6,395	...	...
2001 to 2005	10	...	...	2,670	...	...
2006 to 2010	10	...	...	3,170	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	0	...	...	2,600	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	260	...	...	30,255	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	240	...	...	28,775	...	...
Major repairs needed	20	...	...	1,485	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	260	...	...	30,255	...	...
1 household maintainer	160	...	...	15,860	...	...
2 household maintainers	95	...	...	13,370	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	0	...	...	1,025	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	260	...	...	30,255	...	...
15 to 24 years	15	...	...	485	...	...
25 to 34 years	25	...	...	3,555	...	...
35 to 44 years	50	...	...	5,305	...	...
45 to 54 years	55	...	...	7,560	...	...
55 to 64 years	50	...	...	6,565	...	...
65 to 74 years	40	...	...	3,970	...	...
75 to 84 years	15	...	...	2,135	...	...
85 years and over	10	...	...	685	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	255	...	...	30,005	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	235	...	...	22,700	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	20	...	...	7,310	...	...
30% to less than 100%	20	...	...	6,410	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	220	...	...	23,980	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	63.6	...	...	70.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	6.7	...	...	20.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,244	...	...	1,596	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,208	...	...	1,600	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	330,406	...	...	598,306	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	349,663	...	...	607,606	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30	...	...	6,085	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	0.0	...	...	13.5	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	0.0	...	...	41.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	831	...	...	962	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	835	...	...	1,088	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	590	295	300	66,555	32,460	34,095
No certificate, diploma or degree	240	115	130	10,310	5,330	4,980
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	155	85	75	22,000	10,475	11,530
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	195	95	105	34,245	16,660	17,585
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	50	35	10	8,050	6,155	1,895
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	15	10	15	3,105	1,800	1,300
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	35	30	0	4,945	4,350	595
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	95	40	55	14,380	5,390	8,985
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	1,930	775	1,160
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	40	15	25	9,880	4,340	5,545
Bachelor's degree	30	10	20	6,490	2,770	3,715
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	10	1,185	420	765
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	310	180	120
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,685	825	860
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	210	135	75
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	385	180	205	45,095	21,980	23,110
No certificate, diploma or degree	140	60	75	4,175	2,365	1,810
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	85	45	45	13,845	6,705	7,135
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	160	75	85	27,075	12,905	14,165
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	40	35	10	5,885	4,610	1,265
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	10	0	10	2,160	1,245	920
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	25	30	0	3,715	3,365	350
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	80	30	50	11,405	4,215	7,195
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	10	0	10	1,535	585	955
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35	15	20	8,250	3,500	4,755
Bachelor's degree	30	10	20	5,415	2,275	3,140
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	0	0	0	975	330	640
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	10	260	150	110
Master's degree	0	0	0	1,430	645	785
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	175	100	75
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	590	295	300	66,555	32,460	34,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	400	200	195	32,310	15,805	16,505
Education	10	0	10	2,405	530	1,875
13. Education	10	0	10	2,410	530	1,875
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	0	0	10	1,295	600	700
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	315	240	70
50. Visual and performing arts	10	0	10	985	350	630
Humanities	10	0	10	1,500	565	935
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	10	0	155	20	135
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	405	115	290
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	0	0	0	405	180	225
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	10	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	80	45	35
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	240	115	125
54. History	0	0	0	180	95	90
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	40	0	40
Social and behavioural sciences and law	30	10	20	3,565	1,015	2,545
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	0	245	85	160
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	815	45	765
22. Legal professions and studies	0	0	10	645	95	545
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	30	10	25
42. Psychology	10	0	0	560	140	425
45. Social sciences	10	0	10	1,270	645	625
Business, management and public administration	45	10	30	5,930	2,100	3,835
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	30	10	20
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	340	95	250
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	45	15	35	5,560	2,000	3,565
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	820	450	370
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	265	120	145
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	240	120	115
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	260	180	80
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	55	30	25
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	890	605	290
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	755	550	205
25. Library science	0	0	0	45	0	40
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	90	45	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	50	55	0	8,705	8,200	505
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	155	110	45
14. Engineering	0	0	0	980	825	160
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	0	0	1,305	1,165	140
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	30	0	2,705	2,630	75
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	0	0	2,225	2,185	35
48. Precision production	10	10	0	1,335	1,285	50
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	595	345	250
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	0	0	405	200	200
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	190	145	45
Health and related fields	20	10	20	5,870	1,005	4,865
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	10	515	245	270
51. Health professions and related programs	15	10	10	5,280	720	4,565
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	75	35	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	20	10	15	2,655	1,240	1,420
12. Personal and culinary services	15	0	15	1,645	350	1,295
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	10	0	0	400	305	95
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	600	580	25
Other	0	0	0	10	10	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	10	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	385	180	205	45,090	21,980	23,110
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	220	105	115	18,020	9,075	8,945
Education	10	0	10	1,885	370	1,520
13. Education	0	0	10	1,885	370	1,520
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	10	0	10	1,005	465	535
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	260	190	65
50. Visual and performing arts	0	0	0	745	275	465
Humanities	10	10	10	1,185	425	760
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	10	0	140	20	120
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	310	90	220
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	10	320	140	175
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	10
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	45	20	25
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	190	95	95
54. History	0	0	0	150	70	80
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	35	0	35
Social and behavioural sciences and law	25	10	20	2,965	825	2,135
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	0	0	10	205	65	140
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	10	0	10	625	50	575
22. Legal professions and studies	10	0	0	550	75	470
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	35	10	30
42. Psychology	0	0	0	480	105	375
45. Social sciences	0	10	10	1,060	525	540
Business, management and public administration	35	10	25	4,835	1,705	3,125
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	15	10	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	0	0	0	285	75	215
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	35	10	25	4,530	1,625	2,900
Physical and life sciences and technologies	0	0	0	635	340	295
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	0	220	110	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	165	70	100
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	205	140	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	0	45	20	20
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	0	0	0	785	535	255
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	0	0	0	690	495	195
25. Library science	0	0	0	35	10	30
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	55	25	30
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	45	45	0	6,705	6,300	405
04. Architecture and related services	0	0	0	100	65	35
14. Engineering	0	0	0	845	705	135
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	10	10	0	910	800	110
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	30	25	0	2,105	2,055	50
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10	10	0	1,750	1,715	35
48. Precision production	0	10	0	995	960	35
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	0	10	0	450	235	220
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	0	10	0	320	140	180
03. Natural resources and conservation	0	0	0	135	95	40
Health and related fields	15	10	10	4,645	755	3,885
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	0	0	0	400	185	215
51. Health professions and related programs	10	10	0	4,175	545	3,635
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	65	30	35
Personal, protective and transportation services	10	0	15	1,970	935	1,030
12. Personal and culinary services	15	0	10	1,175	235	940
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	10	10	0
43. Security and protective services	0	0	0	310	240	70
49. Transportation and materials moving	0	0	0	480	455	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	10	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	595	295	305	66,555	32,460	34,095
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	395	200	200	32,310	15,805	16,510
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	195	90	105	34,245	16,660	17,590
Location of study inside Canada	190	95	100	28,490	13,800	14,690
Same as province or territory of residence	180	90	90	24,455	11,720	12,740
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	10	4,035	2,085	1,950
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	0	0	0	5,755	2,855	2,895
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	750	390	355
Philippines	0	0	0	475	170	305
India	0	0	0	250	105	145
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	1,145	635	510
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	325	135	190
France	0	0	0	35	20	15
Other	0	0	10	2,780	1,400	1,380
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	385	180	205	45,090	21,985	23,115
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	220	105	120	18,020	9,075	8,945
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	165	75	85	27,075	12,905	14,165
Location of study inside Canada	160	75	85	22,720	10,840	11,880
Same as province or territory of residence	150	70	80	19,690	9,315	10,375
Different than province or territory of residence	10	10	0	3,030	1,525	1,505
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	10	0	0	4,350	2,070	2,285
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	605	290	315
Philippines	0	0	0	405	140	270
India	0	0	0	215	90	125
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	690	370	320
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	305	125	180
France	0	0	0	35	25	10
Other	10	0	10	2,100	1,030	1,065
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	595	290	305	66,555	32,465	34,095
In the labour force	425	230	200	45,850	24,075	21,780
Employed	415	220	195	43,495	22,885	20,610
Unemployed	10	0	10	2,355	1,185	1,170
Not in the labour force	165	65	100	20,700	8,385	12,315
Participation rate	71.4	79.3	65.6	68.9	74.2	63.9
Employment rate	69.7	75.9	63.9	65.4	70.5	60.4
Unemployment rate	2.4	0.0	5.0	5.1	4.9	5.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	595	295	300	66,555	32,460	34,095
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	130	45	85	19,255	7,850	11,410
Worked	460	245	215	47,300	24,610	22,685
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	255	165	90	24,390	14,580	9,810
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	205	80	125	22,905	10,030	12,880
Average weeks worked in reference year	46.2	47.5	44.7	43.3	44.4	42.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	425	230	200	45,855	24,075	21,780
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	605	285	320
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	425	225	200	45,250	23,790	21,460
Employee	350	190	155	39,610	20,355	19,260
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	75	30	45	5,635	3,440	2,195
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	425	225	200	45,855	24,080	21,780
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	605	285	320
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	425	225	200	45,250	23,790	21,460
0 Management occupations	35	20	20	5,020	3,060	1,955
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	70	25	40	6,775	1,450	5,325
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	15	10	0	2,270	1,825	440
3 Health occupations	20	0	15	2,695	470	2,230
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20	0	20	5,080	1,540	3,535
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	10	0	10	1,380	580	800
6 Sales and service occupations	85	15	70	10,635	4,445	6,190
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	115	110	0	9,260	8,765	495
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	20	10	10	760	545	215
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	30	25	10	1,375	1,115	265
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	425	225	195	45,855	24,075	21,780
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	0	0	0	605	285	320
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	425	225	200	45,250	23,790	21,460
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	10	10	550	300	250
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	0	0	0	195	155	35
22 Utilities	0	0	0	240	185	55
23 Construction	60	55	10	5,535	4,890	645
31-33 Manufacturing	105	95	15	3,360	2,500	860
41 Wholesale trade	35	15	15	2,055	1,350	700
44-45 Retail trade	35	10	25	5,510	2,520	2,990
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	0	0	0	2,635	2,080	560
51 Information and cultural industries	10	0	10	1,355	835	520
52 Finance and insurance	15	0	10	1,830	645	1,190
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	0	0	0	910	480	430
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	25	15	15	2,600	1,255	1,345
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	80	30	45
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	15	10	0	1,955	1,200	760
61 Educational services	25	0	25	2,990	795	2,195
62 Health care and social assistance	45	10	35	5,130	780	4,350
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	0	0	0	960	405	555
72 Accommodation and food services	20	0	20	2,745	1,045	1,700
81 Other services (except public administration)	0	0	10	2,185	945	1,235
91 Public administration	0	0	0	2,430	1,385	1,050
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	415	220	195	43,495	22,890	20,610
Worked at home	50	20	35	3,310	1,370	1,940
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	170	130	35
No fixed workplace address	70	55	10	7,430	5,730	1,705
Worked at usual place	295	145	155	32,585	15,655	16,930
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	300	140	155	32,585	15,655	16,930
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	85	60	25	11,085	4,105	6,975
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	160	45	110	19,815	10,680	9,135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	55	35	20	1,565	780	780
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	125	85	40
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	365	205	160	40,015	21,385	18,630
Car, truck, van - as a driver	320	180	140	32,645	17,975	14,670
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	15	0	15	2,115	1,015	1,100
Public transit	10	10	0	3,100	1,360	1,735
Walked	10	0	10	1,485	595	890
Bicycle	10	15	0	185	125	60
Other method	0	0	0	490	315	175
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	365	200	165	40,015	21,385	18,630
Less than 15 minutes	85	55	30	8,615	3,255	5,360
15 to 29 minutes	165	90	75	9,720	4,945	4,780
30 to 44 minutes	90	40	50	8,125	4,630	3,500
45 to 59 minutes	15	10	10	5,365	3,370	2,000
60 minutes and over	15	15	0	8,185	5,195	2,995
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	365	200	165	40,015	21,385	18,630
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	40	20	15	5,310	4,055	1,255
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	100	85	15	8,405	5,295	3,110
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	95	60	40	9,005	4,260	4,745
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	60	25	35	6,725	2,490	4,240
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	35	0	25	3,985	1,630	2,355
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	40	10	30	6,580	3,650	2,925
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	465	245	220	48,750	25,245	23,500
Single responses	465	245	220	48,455	25,110	23,345
Official languages	435	225	210	48,140	24,940	23,200
English	435	225	215	48,035	24,920	23,115
French	0	0	0	110	20	90
Non-official languages	35	20	15	320	170	145
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	15	315	170	145
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	15	10	10
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	35	20	15	85	50	35
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	15	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	35	25	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	35	20	15	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	30	20	15
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	25	10	15
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	55	35	20
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	130	60	70
Chinese languages	0	0	0	130	60	70
Cantonese	0	0	0	35	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	90	50	50
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple responses	0	0	0	290	135	160
English and French	0	0	0	60	30	40
English and non-official language	0	0	0	220	105	120
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	10	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	465	250	220	48,750	25,245	23,500
None	440	225	210	47,455	24,695	22,765
English	25	15	10	210	75	135
French	0	0	0	295	105	190
Non-official language	0	0	0	760	360	395
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	0	10	0	760	360	395
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	25	15	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	770	400	370	80,090	39,405	40,685
Non-movers	750	385	365	67,500	33,295	34,205
Movers	25	15	0	12,590	6,110	6,480
Non-migrants	15	10	0	6,075	2,945	3,130
Migrants	10	10	0	6,510	3,165	3,350
Internal migrants	10	10	0	5,925	2,875	3,050
Intraprovincial migrants	10	10	0	5,205	2,540	2,660
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	720	330	390
External migrants	0	0	0	590	295	295
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	715	375	345	76,465	37,565	38,900
Non-movers	565	300	270	44,370	21,955	22,415
Movers	150	80	75	32,100	15,610	16,490
Non-migrants	20	10	10	15,465	7,545	7,920
Migrants	125	65	65	16,635	8,065	8,565
Internal migrants	95	45	55	14,710	7,120	7,590
Intraprovincial migrants	95	45	50	13,045	6,305	6,740
Interprovincial migrants	0	0	0	1,665	820	845
External migrants	30	20	15	1,925	945	980

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Linwood, MDP [Designated place], Ontario and Maple Ridge, CY [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 3, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Linwood, Municipal defined places [Designated place], Ontario and Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Linwood, Municipal defined places [Designated place], Ontario and Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Linwood, Municipal defined places [Designated place], Ontario and Maple Ridge, City [Census subdivision], British Columbia