Census Profile, 2016 Census
Muskoka--Kawarthas [Economic region], Ontario and Dorchester, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Muskoka--Kawarthas Ontario [Economic region]			Dorchester, P New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Muskoka--Kawarthas [Economic region], Ontario Map : Muskoka--Kawarthas [Economic region], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Dorchester, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	377,918	...	...	429	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	365,346	...	...	477	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.4	...	...	-10.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	215,347	...	...	215	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	158,409	...	...	188	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	22.4	...	...	4.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	16,854.29	...	...	90.13	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	377,920	185,320	192,595	425	210	215
0 to 14 years	50,480	25,855	24,625	60	25	30
0 to 4 years	15,900	8,200	7,700	15	5	5
5 to 9 years	17,120	8,695	8,430	20	10	15
10 to 14 years	17,455	8,960	8,495	15	10	5
15 to 64 years	233,185	115,360	117,830	285	140	145
15 to 19 years	19,550	9,960	9,600	25	15	15
20 to 24 years	20,690	10,600	10,085	15	10	5
25 to 29 years	18,740	9,575	9,170	15	5	5
30 to 34 years	18,865	9,490	9,375	20	10	10
35 to 39 years	18,030	8,920	9,115	25	15	15
40 to 44 years	18,995	9,485	9,505	25	10	15
45 to 49 years	22,015	10,635	11,380	30	15	15
50 to 54 years	30,180	14,690	15,495	45	20	20
55 to 59 years	33,295	16,150	17,145	35	15	20
60 to 64 years	32,825	15,870	16,955	50	25	25
65 years and over	94,250	44,105	50,145	90	50	40
65 to 69 years	30,920	15,065	15,855	40	20	20
70 to 74 years	22,905	11,270	11,640	20	5	10
75 to 79 years	16,115	7,750	8,365	20	10	10
80 to 84 years	12,020	5,565	6,460	5	0	0
85 years and over	12,280	4,460	7,825	5	0	0
85 to 89 years	7,710	3,165	4,540	5	0	0
90 to 94 years	3,575	1,070	2,505	5	0	0
95 to 99 years	860	210	660	0	0	0
100 years and over	135	15	120	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.4	14.0	12.8	14.1	11.9	14.0
15 to 64 years	61.7	62.2	61.2	67.1	66.7	67.4
65 years and over	24.9	23.8	26.0	21.2	23.8	18.6
85 years and over	3.2	2.4	4.1	1.2	0.0	0.0
Average age of the population	46.3	45.4	47.2	45.4	45.5	45.3
Median age of the population	50.3	49.2	51.3	50.2	50.4	49.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	158,410	...	...	185	...	...
Single-detached house	124,655	...	...	165	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	4,195	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	28,565	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	2,770	...	...	5	...	...
Row house	6,060	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,830	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	14,340	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	560	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	1,000	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	158,410	...	...	190	...	...
1 person	41,495	...	...	45	...	...
2 persons	66,660	...	...	90	...	...
3 persons	22,175	...	...	20	...	...
4 persons	18,345	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	9,730	...	...	5	...	...
Number of persons in private households	367,930	...	...	425	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	327,440	159,465	167,975	370	185	185
Married or living common law	200,645	100,705	99,935	235	120	115
Married	165,950	83,410	82,540	185	90	90
Living common law	34,695	17,295	17,395	50	30	20
Not married and not living common law	126,795	58,755	68,035	135	65	70
Never married	71,480	39,085	32,395	75	45	30
Separated	10,575	5,070	5,505	10	5	5
Divorced	20,865	9,205	11,665	25	15	10
Widowed	23,870	5,405	18,470	25	0	25
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	114,305	...	...	135	...	...
2 persons	69,400	...	...	85	...	...
3 persons	21,160	...	...	25	...	...
4 persons	17,005	...	...	20	...	...
5 or more persons	6,745	...	...	5	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	114,310	...	...	130	...	...
Total couple families	98,065	...	...	115	...	...
Married couples	80,730	...	...	90	...	...
Common-law couples	17,335	...	...	25	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	16,240	...	...	15	...	...
Female parent	12,525	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	3,715	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	98,060	...	...	115	...	...
Couples without children	59,035	...	...	70	...	...
Couples with children	39,030	...	...	45	...	...
1 child	16,740	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	15,865	...	...	20	...	...
3 or more children	6,425	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	16,245	...	...	15	...	...
1 child	10,370	...	...	10	...	...
2 children	4,415	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	1,460	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	61,665	28,555	33,105	80	35	45
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	158,410	...	...	185	...	...
One-census-family households	108,840	...	...	125	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	56,690	...	...	70	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	52,150	...	...	55	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	2,705	...	...	0	...	...
Non-census-family households	46,870	...	...	60	...	...
One-person households	41,495	...	...	45	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	5,375	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	371,350	181,960	189,390	430	215	215
English only	348,135	172,175	175,960	325	165	160
French only	60	25	35	5	0	5
English and French	22,545	9,500	13,045	95	45	50
Neither English nor French	605	250	350	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	371,350	181,955	189,395	430	215	215
English	366,485	179,775	186,715	350	180	175
French	3,995	1,825	2,175	75	35	40
English and French	315	140	170	0	5	0
Neither English nor French	555	225	335	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	4,155	1,890	2,260	75	35	40
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.1	1.0	1.2	17.4	16.3	18.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	371,350	181,955	189,390	425	210	220
Single responses	369,160	180,950	188,210	425	215	215
Official languages	350,855	172,130	178,725	425	210	215
English	346,455	170,145	176,310	345	175	170
French	4,400	1,980	2,420	75	35	40
Non-official languages	18,300	8,820	9,480	5	0	0
Aboriginal languages	150	65	90	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	135	55	75	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	105	45	60	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	105	40	60	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	18,150	8,755	9,390	5	5	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	550	300	255	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	30	15	15	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	520	285	235	0	0	0
Amharic	15	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	395	215	180	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	30	20	10	0	0	0
Maltese	85	45	35	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	265	125	140	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	65	30	35	0	0	0
Vietnamese	195	90	100	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	550	170	375	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	25	30	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	30	10	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	5	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	415	120	295	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	240	125	115	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	65	30	30	0	0	0
Tamil	120	65	55	0	0	0
Telugu	45	25	15	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	13,675	6,735	6,940	0	5	0
Albanian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Armenian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,985	1,425	1,555	0	0	0
Baltic languages	175	90	90	0	0	0
Latvian	110	55	55	0	0	0
Lithuanian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,805	1,340	1,470	0	0	0
Belarusan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Croatian	140	80	65	0	0	0
Czech	250	120	130	0	0	0
Macedonian	80	50	35	0	0	0
Polish	1,255	575	685	0	0	0
Russian	325	155	165	0	0	0
Serbian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Slovak	90	45	50	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	100	55	45	0	0	0
Ukrainian	390	175	215	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	45	20	20	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,220	2,975	3,250	5	0	0
Afrikaans	50	25	25	0	0	0
Danish	195	100	95	0	0	0
Dutch	2,055	1,005	1,055	5	0	0
Frisian	65	35	30	0	0	0
German	3,640	1,720	1,925	0	0	0
Icelandic	15	10	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Swedish	85	35	50	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	60	25	35	0	0	0
Yiddish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	380	210	170	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,355	725	630	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,065	580	485	0	0	0
Bengali	80	45	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	350	195	160	0	0	0
Hindi	145	85	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	20	10	10	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	235	125	110	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Urdu	175	95	80	0	0	0
Iranian languages	285	145	140	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	10	0	0	0
Pashto	30	20	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	240	125	120	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,565	1,310	1,255	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,125	655	470	0	0	0
Portuguese	500	240	265	0	0	0
Romanian	145	65	80	0	0	0
Spanish	785	345	440	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	70	20	50	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	500	235	270	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	80	45	35	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	5	10	0	0	0
Swahili	15	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	5	5	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	70	35	30	5	0	0
American Sign Language	35	20	15	0	0	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	20	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,105	505	605	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,070	490	585	0	0	0
Cantonese	405	185	215	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	505	230	270	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	115	50	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	35	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	15	40	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	50	15	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	25	15	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	920	410	510	0	0	0
Estonian	125	60	65	0	0	0
Finnish	295	115	175	0	0	0
Hungarian	500	240	265	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,190	1,005	1,185	5	0	0
English and French	725	310	420	0	0	5
English and non-official language	1,360	650	705	0	0	0
French and non-official language	55	20	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	55	30	25	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	371,350	181,960	189,395	430	210	215
Single responses	368,050	180,365	187,685	420	210	215
Official languages	363,140	177,960	185,180	425	210	210
English	362,230	177,525	184,710	375	190	190
French	905	435	470	50	20	30
Non-official languages	4,910	2,410	2,505	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	30	20	15	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	5	0	5	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,875	2,385	2,490	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	240	115	130	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	235	110	130	0	0	0
Amharic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Arabic	210	95	115	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	160	75	80	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	35	15	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	120	60	65	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	175	75	95	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	15	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	135	55	75	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	85	45	40	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	5	10	0	0	0
Tamil	55	30	25	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,905	1,440	1,465	0	0	0
Albanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Armenian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	760	380	375	0	0	0
Baltic languages	20	10	5	0	0	0
Latvian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	740	370	365	0	0	0
Belarusan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	60	35	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Polish	390	190	200	0	0	0
Russian	145	80	70	0	0	0
Serbian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	770	385	385	0	0	0
Afrikaans	10	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	105	60	50	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	620	315	310	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	70	30	40	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	740	375	370	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	565	290	270	0	0	0
Bengali	50	30	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	210	115	100	0	0	0
Hindi	65	30	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	120	65	55	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Urdu	85	45	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	180	85	90	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	160	80	85	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	530	250	285	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	145	65	85	0	0	0
Portuguese	80	35	45	0	0	0
Romanian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Spanish	245	120	130	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	390	180	205	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	105	65	40	0	0	0
American Sign Language	35	15	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	75	45	25	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	615	300	310	0	0	0
Chinese languages	590	290	300	0	0	0
Cantonese	190	90	105	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	350	180	170	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Burmese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	145	65	80	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	35	10	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	95	45	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	3,300	1,590	1,705	5	0	0
English and French	310	145	165	5	0	5
English and non-official language	2,910	1,410	1,500	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	35	35	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	371,350	181,960	189,390	430	215	220
None	359,010	176,335	182,675	390	195	190
English	2,580	1,280	1,305	20	10	10
French	3,430	1,425	2,005	20	10	10
Non-official language	6,115	2,805	3,310	0	0	5
Aboriginal	305	125	175	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	5,810	2,675	3,135	0	0	0
English and French	10	5	10	0	0	0
English and non-official language	55	35	25	0	0	0
French and non-official language	145	75	70	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	317,625	154,710	162,920	370	185	185
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	307,655	150,040	157,615	350	175	175
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,313	38,947	27,151	29,205	32,960	24,768
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	307,800	150,055	157,750	350	180	175
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,504	34,983	25,143	26,496	29,216	22,976
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	274,775	136,175	138,595	300	150	145
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,954	35,984	22,954	26,208	31,424	21,824
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	233,515	107,755	125,755	265	120	145
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,414	8,429	8,386	8,224	10,272	7,056
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	211,185	110,025	101,160	235	125	110
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,028	31,748	24,938	29,632	33,408	26,176
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	317,630	154,710	162,915	370	170	195
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	307,525	149,980	157,550	335	155	180
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,836	50,304	35,726	31,985	34,540	29,745
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	307,685	149,990	157,695	335	160	180
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	36,052	41,615	30,761	27,919	30,045	26,056
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	274,695	136,210	138,485	290	130	160
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,308	48,361	32,387	28,828	32,586	25,659
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	232,850	107,445	125,410	265	115	150
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,023	8,911	9,119	9,293	9,689	8,979
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	211,190	109,870	101,315	215	105	115
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,240	43,430	32,612	30,417	33,225	27,886
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	317,625	154,710	162,915	365	170	195
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	94,320	52,655	41,665	85	45	35
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	49,120	54,223	43,262	40,520	39,095	40,697
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	58,128	64,234	50,412	48,629	46,865	50,831
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	84.1	87.3	79.8	78.3	83.8	74.7
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.4	63.5	58.7	68.4	70.8	63.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	15.9	12.7	20.2	21.2	18.5	23.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	317,625	154,705	162,920	370	185	185
Without total income	9,970	4,670	5,305	20	10	10
With total income	307,655	150,040	157,615	350	180	170
Percentage with total income	96.9	97.0	96.7	94.6	97.3	91.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	40,115	17,110	23,000	50	20	25
$10,000 to $19,999	57,300	22,415	34,885	75	30	40
$20,000 to $29,999	47,080	19,425	27,655	60	30	30
$30,000 to $39,999	38,950	17,950	21,000	55	30	25
$40,000 to $49,999	32,885	17,065	15,820	45	25	20
$50,000 to $59,999	24,610	13,855	10,745	30	20	5
$60,000 to $69,999	17,765	10,695	7,065	20	10	5
$70,000 to $79,999	12,655	7,875	4,780	10	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	9,405	5,870	3,535	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	7,935	4,590	3,345	0	5	0
$100,000 and over	18,965	13,185	5,780	10	10	0
$100,000 to $149,999	13,255	8,965	4,290	5	0	5
$150,000 and over	5,715	4,220	1,490	5	5	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	317,625	154,710	162,920	375	185	185
Without after-tax income	9,825	4,660	5,165	20	10	15
With after-tax income	307,800	150,050	157,750	350	175	170
Percentage with after-tax income	96.9	97.0	96.8	93.3	94.6	91.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	42,135	17,500	24,635	50	20	30
$10,000 to $19,999	59,735	23,485	36,255	80	35	45
$20,000 to $29,999	54,490	23,000	31,490	70	35	35
$30,000 to $39,999	45,990	22,445	23,545	70	35	35
$40,000 to $49,999	35,340	19,290	16,045	35	25	15
$50,000 to $59,999	23,735	14,235	9,500	20	15	10
$60,000 to $69,999	15,645	9,900	5,740	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	11,400	6,865	4,540	5	5	5
$80,000 and over	19,330	13,335	6,000	5	5	0
$80,000 to $89,999	6,895	4,375	2,525	0	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	3,835	2,625	1,205	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	8,600	6,335	2,265	0	0	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	317,625	154,710	162,920	370	190	185
Without employment income	106,440	44,680	61,755	140	60	80
With employment income	211,185	110,025	101,165	235	125	110
Percentage with employment income	66.5	71.1	62.1	63.5	65.8	59.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	39,555	21,830	17,725	35	15	20
$5,000 to $9,999	18,315	8,175	10,140	20	5	10
$10,000 to $19,999	28,630	12,580	16,050	30	20	15
$20,000 to $29,999	23,620	10,530	13,090	30	15	20
$30,000 to $39,999	22,550	10,150	12,405	35	15	20
$40,000 to $49,999	18,560	9,340	9,225	30	15	15
$50,000 to $59,999	14,585	8,275	6,305	20	15	5
$60,000 to $69,999	10,660	6,480	4,180	5	5	0
$70,000 to $79,999	8,315	5,200	3,110	10	5	0
$80,000 and over	26,400	17,460	8,940	15	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	6,735	4,205	2,530	0	0	5
$90,000 to $99,999	6,500	3,610	2,890	5	5	0
$100,000 and over	13,165	9,650	3,515	10	5	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	158,410	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,450	...	...	54,272	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,158	...	...	48,640	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	41,495	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	32,710	...	...	32,064	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,895	...	...	28,480	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	116,915	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	80,475	...	...	67,328	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	71,162	...	...	58,240	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	158,410	...	...	180	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	83,160	...	...	60,779	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	70,024	...	...	53,053	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	41,485	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,788	...	...	29,073	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,010	...	...	26,259	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	116,920	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	97,130	...	...	68,565	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,738	...	...	59,633	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	158,410	...	...	190	...	...
Under $5,000	1,860	...	...	0	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,835	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,300	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	5,970	...	...	5	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	7,440	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	6,525	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	7,370	...	...	10	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	7,620	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	7,545	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	7,160	...	...	10	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	13,410	...	...	15	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	12,565	...	...	15	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	11,655	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10,160	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	8,845	...	...	10	...	...
$100,000 and over	44,150	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	16,240	...	...	15	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	10,280	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	10,335	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	7,295	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	158,410	...	...	185	...	...
Under $5,000	2,015	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,900	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	4,355	...	...	10	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	6,270	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	8,225	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	7,295	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	8,565	...	...	15	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	8,850	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	8,715	...	...	10	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	8,415	...	...	5	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	15,920	...	...	25	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	14,605	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	12,850	...	...	15	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	10,600	...	...	10	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	8,525	...	...	5	...	...
$100,000 and over	31,295	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	14,325	...	...	10	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	7,770	...	...	5	...	...
$150,000 and over	9,200	...	...	0	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	112,935	...	...	130	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	80,565	...	...	68,864	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,162	...	...	59,904	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	55,400	...	...	70	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	73,604	...	...	67,840	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	65,368	...	...	58,240	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	39,625	...	...	45	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,634	...	...	82,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,279	...	...	70,912	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	4.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	14,850	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,196	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,104	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	112,900	...	...	125	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,396	...	...	71,692	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,825	...	...	61,981	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	55,320	...	...	55	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	89,752	...	...	62,079	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,078	...	...	54,838	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	39,665	...	...	50	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,112	...	...	82,800	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	102,665	...	...	69,716	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	14,840	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,197	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	50,856	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	54,515	25,570	28,950	65	25	40
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	29,260	31,117	27,937	26,304	29,888	22,720
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,078	28,443	26,208	24,576	25,408	21,952
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	54,480	25,930	28,550	75	30	45
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	39,968	41,024	39,009	24,100	25,655	23,055
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	34,041	34,448	33,673	22,032	22,613	21,641
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	367,930	180,455	187,475	430	210	215
In the bottom half of the distribution	190,485	91,110	99,380	275	135	140
In the bottom decile	33,885	16,625	17,260	55	25	30
In the second decile	38,650	17,200	21,450	70	35	35
In the third decile	38,855	18,440	20,420	65	40	30
In the fourth decile	39,600	19,345	20,255	50	25	25
In the fifth decile	39,495	19,500	19,995	35	20	20
In the top half of the distribution	177,450	89,350	88,095	155	75	80
In the sixth decile	39,135	19,470	19,665	55	30	25
In the seventh decile	38,640	19,275	19,365	40	20	20
In the eighth decile	36,780	18,535	18,240	50	25	30
In the ninth decile	34,930	17,685	17,240	5	0	0
In the top decile	27,965	14,385	13,585	5	0	0
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	365,805	179,440	186,365	430	215	220
0 to 17 years	61,065	31,270	29,795	70	30	40
0 to 5 years	19,045	9,810	9,235	25	10	15
18 to 64 years	217,040	106,215	110,830	270	135	135
65 years and over	87,700	41,960	45,740	85	45	40
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	50,075	23,285	26,790	100	45	55
0 to 17 years	10,755	5,540	5,210	25	10	10
0 to 5 years	3,615	1,850	1,770	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	30,165	14,215	15,960	55	25	30
65 years and over	9,150	3,535	5,615	25	10	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	13.7	13.0	14.4	23.3	20.9	25.0
0 to 17 years (%)	17.6	17.7	17.5	35.7	33.3	25.0
0 to 5 years (%)	19.0	18.9	19.2	40.0	50.0	33.3
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9	13.4	14.4	20.4	18.5	22.2
65 years and over (%)	10.4	8.4	12.3	29.4	22.2	37.5
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	21,025	10,645	10,380	25	15	15
0 to 17 years	3,765	1,975	1,790	0	0	5
0 to 5 years	1,290	660	630	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	16,040	8,135	7,905	20	5	10
65 years and over	1,225	535	685	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.7	5.9	5.6	5.8	7.0	6.8
0 to 17 years (%)	6.2	6.3	6.0	0.0	0.0	12.5
0 to 5 years (%)	6.8	6.7	6.8	0.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.4	7.7	7.1	7.4	3.7	7.4
65 years and over (%)	1.4	1.3	1.5	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	367,935	180,455	187,475	445	210	235
Official languages	367,340	180,195	187,150	445	205	235
English	367,260	180,165	187,095	435	205	230
French	22,440	9,525	12,920	65	30	35
Non-official languages	24,080	11,270	12,810	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	560	265	300	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	520	235	280	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	500	225	280	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	500	225	270	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	20	15	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	15	15	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	23,525	11,010	12,520	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	805	445	360	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	785	430	355	0	0	0
Amharic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	530	310	225	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	110	50	65	0	0	0
Maltese	130	70	55	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	370	180	190	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	85	45	40	0	0	0
Vietnamese	285	135	150	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	740	235	500	0	0	0
Bikol	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	55	20	35	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	25	0	25	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malay	60	30	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	660	195	465	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	40	30	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	345	180	165	0	0	0
Kannada	10	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	60	20	40	0	0	0
Tamil	245	135	115	0	0	0
Telugu	45	25	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	17,520	8,310	9,215	10	0	0
Albanian	95	50	45	0	0	0
Armenian	65	35	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	3,445	1,600	1,845	0	0	0
Baltic languages	175	90	80	0	0	0
Latvian	125	65	60	0	0	0
Lithuanian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Slavic languages	3,270	1,505	1,765	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	70	35	30	0	0	0
Croatian	220	125	95	0	0	0
Czech	275	115	155	0	0	0
Macedonian	85	45	45	0	0	0
Polish	1,500	655	845	0	0	0
Russian	535	250	285	0	0	0
Serbian	95	30	65	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	110	35	80	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	100	55	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	435	205	230	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Welsh	20	15	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Germanic languages	7,300	3,440	3,860	10	0	10
Afrikaans	135	45	90	0	0	0
Danish	185	100	85	0	0	0
Dutch	2,190	985	1,205	10	0	10
Frisian	50	40	10	0	0	0
German	4,750	2,285	2,470	0	0	0
Icelandic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	20	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	110	45	70	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	65	20	40	0	0	0
Yiddish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	465	245	215	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,580	835	745	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,360	725	640	0	0	0
Bengali	185	90	85	0	0	0
Gujarati	455	245	205	0	0	0
Hindi	640	365	270	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	10	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	50	15	30	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	250	150	100	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Urdu	290	155	130	0	0	0
Iranian languages	230	115	115	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	15	10	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	215	105	105	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,105	2,365	2,735	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,645	915	730	0	0	0
Portuguese	650	310	345	0	0	0
Romanian	145	60	85	0	0	0
Spanish	2,860	1,205	1,655	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Japanese	210	105	105	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	440	200	235	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	235	105	130	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	20	10	15	0	0	0
Swahili	95	55	45	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	45	20	25	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	55	10	45	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	685	245	440	0	0	0
American Sign Language	340	100	240	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	365	155	210	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,385	630	750	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,365	630	735	0	0	0
Cantonese	550	285	270	0	0	0
Hakka	20	0	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	795	355	440	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	125	40	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	80	25	55	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	80	25	55	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	45	25	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	1,150	520	625	0	0	0
Estonian	100	45	55	0	0	0
Finnish	305	105	200	0	0	0
Hungarian	745	375	375	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	30	20	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	367,935	180,460	187,475	445	210	235
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	361,495	177,350	184,140	445	210	240
Canadian citizens aged under 18	61,180	31,310	29,875	90	45	50
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	300,310	146,045	154,265	355	165	190
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	6,445	3,110	3,335	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	367,930	180,460	187,470	445	210	235
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	334,705	164,680	170,030	440	205	235
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	32,165	15,205	16,960	10	0	0
Before 1981	21,735	10,435	11,295	10	0	0
1981 to 1990	3,145	1,460	1,680	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	2,705	1,195	1,515	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	3,150	1,435	1,715	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	1,615	735	880	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,530	695	840	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	1,440	690	750	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,055	575	485	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	32,170	15,210	16,960	0	10	0
Under 5 years	4,705	2,375	2,330	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	7,410	3,570	3,840	10	0	0
15 to 24 years	8,275	3,710	4,560	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	10,350	4,925	5,425	0	0	0
45 years and over	1,430	630	800	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	32,170	15,210	16,960	0	10	0
Americas	4,515	1,950	2,565	0	0	0
Brazil	70	30	40	0	0	0
Colombia	70	40	30	0	0	0
El Salvador	15	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	330	135	190	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	370	170	200	0	0	0
Mexico	150	65	85	0	0	0
Peru	50	20	30	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	220	105	120	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	2,565	1,030	1,535	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	670	350	325	0	0	0
Europe	22,100	10,765	11,340	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	25	15	15	0	0	0
Croatia	155	90	60	0	0	0
France	210	110	100	0	0	0
Germany	2,495	1,225	1,270	0	0	0
Greece	205	120	90	0	0	0
Hungary	410	185	220	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	450	235	215	0	0	0
Italy	795	485	310	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,930	1,015	915	0	0	0
Poland	955	440	515	0	0	0
Portugal	355	185	170	0	0	0
Romania	155	65	90	0	0	0
Russian Federation	180	90	90	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	135	60	80	0	0	0
Ukraine	135	50	85	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	11,365	5,325	6,040	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	2,155	1,080	1,075	0	0	0
Africa	820	425	400	0	0	0
Algeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	105	70	35	0	0	0
Ethiopia	25	15	10	0	0	0
Kenya	60	25	35	0	0	0
Morocco	30	15	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	30	10	0	0	0
Somalia	20	20	10	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	230	100	125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	300	145	160	0	0	0
Asia	4,440	1,915	2,520	0	0	0
Afghanistan	50	15	35	0	0	0
Bangladesh	90	50	40	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	785	285	505	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	165	70	95	0	0	0
India	770	405	365	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	95	55	45	0	0	0
Iraq	45	30	15	0	0	0
Japan	60	15	45	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	360	170	195	0	0	0
Lebanon	120	65	55	0	0	0
Pakistan	240	115	125	0	0	0
Philippines	665	220	445	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	145	65	80	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	160	65	95	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Viet Nam	220	110	115	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	425	180	245	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	290	160	130	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	1,435	690	750	0	0	0
Americas	215	110	110	0	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	20	10	15	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	10	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	125	60	65	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	40	20	20	0	0	0
Europe	285	150	135	0	0	0
France	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germany	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	145	85	60	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	65	25	40	0	0	0
Africa	50	30	20	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	10	0	0	0
Asia	840	370	475	0	0	0
Afghanistan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	20	15	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	135	50	85	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	10	0	0	0
India	160	85	70	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	15	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	55	25	30	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	175	75	100	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	15	10	10	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	150	60	90	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	10	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	20	15	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	20	0	15	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	45	35	15	0	0	0
Australia	35	30	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	367,930	180,460	187,470	445	210	235
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	34,545	16,470	18,075	10	0	0
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	54,480	26,350	28,130	50	25	25
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	278,905	137,645	141,265	390	175	210
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	10,875	4,980	5,900	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	5,150	2,610	2,540	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	2,215	1,465	750	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	2,940	1,140	1,795	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	4,360	1,670	2,695	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,290	660	630	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	75	45	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	367,930	180,460	187,475	445	205	235
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	13,110	6,250	6,865	20	0	20
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	12,640	6,005	6,635	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	8,105	3,740	4,370	15	0	15
Métis	4,405	2,205	2,200	10	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	135	65	70	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	190	115	75	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	285	130	155	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	354,820	174,210	180,615	425	210	220
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	367,935	180,460	187,470	445	210	240
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	5,325	2,535	2,785	10	0	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	362,605	177,920	184,685	430	210	225
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	367,930	180,455	187,475	445	205	235
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	2,705	1,245	1,460	10	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	2,665	1,230	1,445	10	0	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	2,205	1,000	1,210	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	435	215	220	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	25	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	40	15	20	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	30	15	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	16,755	7,890	8,870	15	0	15
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	16,405	7,765	8,645	10	0	15
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	11,795	5,505	6,290	10	0	10
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	4,430	2,170	2,265	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	90	90	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	355	125	230	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	350	125	230	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	348,470	171,325	177,145	425	210	220
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	367,935	180,455	187,470	445	210	235
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	11,655	5,620	6,030	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	2,625	1,355	1,270	0	0	0
Chinese	1,820	810	1,010	0	0	0
Black	2,490	1,255	1,235	0	0	0
Filipino	1,090	420	670	0	0	0
Latin American	550	270	275	0	0	0
Arab	435	250	185	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	600	300	305	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	210	110	100	0	0	0
Korean	510	220	290	0	0	0
Japanese	405	185	225	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	545	275	275	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	365	180	190	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	356,280	174,835	181,445	445	210	235
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	367,930	180,460	187,475	445	210	235
North American Aboriginal origins	19,465	9,135	10,330	20	0	20
First Nations (North American Indian)	14,380	6,645	7,735	15	0	15
Inuit	225	105	120	0	0	0
Métis	5,255	2,525	2,725	0	0	0
Other North American origins	137,025	67,755	69,270	255	115	135
Acadian	475	245	225	40	15	20
American	4,195	1,995	2,200	45	20	30
Canadian	133,870	66,225	67,640	210	105	105
New Brunswicker	15	10	10	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	540	265	275	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Ontarian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	55	25	35	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	30	15	15	0	0	0
European origins	290,320	141,395	148,920	345	165	175
British Isles origins	240,810	116,675	124,130	245	110	135
Channel Islander	60	25	30	0	0	0
Cornish	65	30	35	0	0	0
English	151,315	72,350	78,965	125	40	85
Irish	104,070	48,605	55,465	95	40	55
Manx	65	35	25	0	0	0
Scottish	99,210	47,735	51,470	130	65	65
Welsh	9,410	4,510	4,900	15	15	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	12,550	5,905	6,645	0	0	10
French origins	40,070	18,945	21,125	100	45	55
Alsatian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	25	15	10	0	0	0
French	40,015	18,915	21,095	100	45	55
Western European origins (except French origins)	62,065	29,880	32,185	85	35	50
Austrian	2,215	1,030	1,180	0	0	0
Bavarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Belgian	1,290	640	650	0	0	0
Dutch	22,375	10,800	11,580	35	10	25
Flemish	110	55	55	0	0	0
Frisian	125	65	65	0	0	0
German	38,805	18,700	20,105	55	25	30
Luxembourger	10	10	0	0	0	0
Swiss	1,820	840	980	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	9,235	4,200	5,040	0	0	0
Danish	2,300	1,065	1,235	0	0	10
Finnish	1,870	850	1,020	0	0	0
Icelandic	505	205	300	0	0	0
Norwegian	2,045	875	1,170	0	0	0
Swedish	2,455	1,170	1,290	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	530	225	310	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	25,135	12,215	12,920	0	0	0
Bulgarian	140	70	70	0	0	0
Byelorussian	115	50	65	0	0	0
Czech	955	490	470	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	285	135	150	0	0	0
Estonian	420	230	185	0	0	0
Hungarian	3,155	1,580	1,575	0	0	0
Latvian	420	200	225	0	0	0
Lithuanian	540	285	255	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	9,805	4,700	5,105	0	0	0
Romanian	920	380	545	0	0	0
Russian	2,495	1,230	1,270	0	0	10
Slovak	670	330	340	0	0	0
Ukrainian	8,405	4,135	4,270	0	0	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	125	60	65	0	0	0
Southern European origins	20,955	10,450	10,500	20	10	10
Albanian	145	80	65	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	705	360	340	0	0	0
Cypriot	50	35	15	0	0	0
Greek	1,465	740	725	0	0	0
Italian	12,540	6,315	6,225	15	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	490	265	220	0	0	0
Maltese	950	485	470	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	2,225	1,100	1,120	0	0	0
Serbian	295	140	160	0	0	0
Sicilian	115	55	65	0	0	0
Slovenian	365	195	170	0	0	0
Spanish	1,940	870	1,070	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	535	230	300	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	1,490	760	730	0	0	0
Basque	55	35	20	0	0	0
Jewish	625	340	280	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	50	30	20	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	40	15	25	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	730	345	390	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	2,555	1,250	1,305	0	0	0
Antiguan	25	10	15	0	0	0
Bahamian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Barbadian	265	125	135	0	0	0
Bermudan	50	15	35	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	70	35	35	0	0	0
Dominican	70	35	40	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	1,250	580	670	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	15	10	0	0	0
St. Lucian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	380	190	195	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	40	30	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	310	175	135	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	80	45	35	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,665	765	895	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	100	40	55	0	0	0
Arawak	15	0	10	0	0	0
Argentinian	100	40	65	0	0	0
Belizean	30	0	25	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	140	65	75	0	0	0
Chilean	130	70	60	0	0	0
Colombian	90	45	50	0	0	0
Costa Rican	45	20	20	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	55	15	40	0	0	0
Guatemalan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	410	190	220	0	0	0
Hispanic	35	15	20	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	60	30	30	0	0	0
Mexican	330	175	155	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	10	0	15	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	85	30	55	0	0	0
Salvadorean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	50	20	30	0	0	0
African origins	2,085	1,065	1,015	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	315	140	175	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	55	20	35	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Guinean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	10	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	30	10	20	0	0	0
North African origins	275	170	105	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	165	110	55	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	50	25	25	0	0	0
Sudanese	45	20	30	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	675	320	350	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	10	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Ethiopian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	30	20	10	0	0	0
South African	415	170	245	0	0	0
Tanzanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Zambian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	35	20	20	0	0	0
Zulu	20	10	15	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	40	25	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	845	445	405	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	95	40	55	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	750	405	345	0	0	0
Asian origins	9,800	4,670	5,130	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	1,710	935	780	0	0	0
Afghan	120	45	70	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	30	15	10	0	0	0
Armenian	120	80	45	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	265	155	110	0	0	0
Iraqi	40	25	15	0	0	0
Israeli	115	65	50	0	0	0
Jordanian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	550	325	220	0	0	0
Palestinian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Syrian	275	115	165	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	225	95	125	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	10	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	30	15	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins	2,885	1,475	1,410	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	95	50	45	0	0	0
Bengali	30	15	10	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	10	0	0	0
East Indian	2,250	1,160	1,090	0	0	0
Goan	20	15	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	15	10	10	0	0	0
Nepali	35	15	15	0	0	0
Pakistani	235	125	110	0	0	0
Punjabi	40	30	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	155	65	90	0	0	0
Tamil	65	40	25	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	35	20	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	5,335	2,315	3,025	0	0	0
Burmese	40	15	20	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	105	50	55	0	0	0
Chinese	2,505	1,120	1,385	0	0	0
Filipino	1,155	425	735	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	130	65	60	0	0	0
Japanese	555	245	310	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korean	530	240	295	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Malaysian	35	0	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	15	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	90	40	50	0	0	0
Tibetan	40	10	30	0	0	0
Vietnamese	335	155	185	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	45	20	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	50	25	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	50	20	25	0	0	0
Oceania origins	725	365	360	0	0	0
Australian	470	240	230	0	0	0
New Zealander	220	110	115	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	65	35	30	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	35	20	15	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	158,410	...	...	180	...	...
Owner	125,030	...	...	155	...	...
Renter	33,330	...	...	25	...	...
Band housing	55	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	158,410	...	...	180	...	...
Condominium	5,930	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	152,485	...	...	175	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	158,410	...	...	175	...	...
No bedrooms	315	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	13,120	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	36,950	...	...	50	...	...
3 bedrooms	65,265	...	...	95	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	42,755	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	158,410	...	...	180	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	26,450	...	...	30	...	...
5 rooms	23,085	...	...	25	...	...
6 rooms	26,810	...	...	30	...	...
7 rooms	25,905	...	...	45	...	...
8 or more rooms	56,150	...	...	45	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	158,410	...	...	175	...	...
One person or fewer per room	157,745	...	...	175	...	...
More than 1 person per room	665	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	158,410	...	...	180	...	...
Suitable	154,555	...	...	170	...	...
Not suitable	3,850	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	158,410	...	...	175	...	...
1960 or before	47,855	...	...	65	...	...
1961 to 1980	44,065	...	...	65	...	...
1981 to 1990	23,170	...	...	30	...	...
1991 to 2000	17,370	...	...	15	...	...
2001 to 2005	9,250	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	9,355	...	...	0	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	7,345	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	158,410	...	...	175	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	147,070	...	...	145	...	...
Major repairs needed	11,340	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	158,410	...	...	175	...	...
1 household maintainer	90,345	...	...	100	...	...
2 household maintainers	65,465	...	...	80	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	2,600	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	158,410	...	...	180	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,350	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	15,445	...	...	10	...	...
35 to 44 years	18,930	...	...	20	...	...
45 to 54 years	27,850	...	...	40	...	...
55 to 64 years	36,920	...	...	40	...	...
65 to 74 years	31,820	...	...	25	...	...
75 to 84 years	17,410	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	6,685	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	154,675	...	...	175	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	116,260	...	...	145	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	38,420	...	...	30	...	...
30% to less than 100%	34,270	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	121,830	...	...	155	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.0	...	...	54.8	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	17.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,028	...	...	666	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,166	...	...	678	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	299,508	...	...	100,099	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	354,941	...	...	134,866	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	33,090	...	...	25	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	16.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	51.2	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	944	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	962	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	317,630	154,710	162,915	370	170	195
No certificate, diploma or degree	58,495	30,865	27,625	130	55	70
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	95,805	45,895	49,915	95	50	45
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	163,330	77,945	85,375	145	65	80
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	28,295	21,360	6,935	45	30	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	11,995	7,595	4,395	35	20	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	16,300	13,760	2,535	10	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	80,260	32,515	47,750	80	35	50
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	5,665	2,415	3,250	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	49,105	21,655	27,445	25	10	15
Bachelor's degree	34,345	14,070	20,270	10	0	10
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	3,610	1,600	2,010	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,370	925	445	0	0	0
Master's degree	8,275	4,135	4,135	10	10	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,510	925	580	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	189,750	92,215	97,535	230	100	130
No certificate, diploma or degree	21,735	12,960	8,770	50	25	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	55,795	28,100	27,700	70	30	40
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	112,220	51,150	61,065	110	40	70
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	17,325	13,185	4,135	25	10	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	7,370	4,760	2,610	25	10	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	9,955	8,425	1,530	0	0	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	57,890	23,190	34,695	75	35	45
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,830	1,170	1,660	0	0	0
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	34,180	13,610	20,570	10	0	10
Bachelor's degree	24,435	9,275	15,160	10	0	0
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,440	910	1,530	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	875	510	370	0	0	0
Master's degree	5,515	2,455	3,060	0	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	915	465	450	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	317,625	154,710	162,915	365	175	195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	154,300	76,760	77,540	220	105	115
Education	11,680	3,120	8,560	25	0	25
13. Education	11,675	3,120	8,565	20	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,365	2,350	3,015	10	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	1,075	840	235	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	4,290	1,520	2,775	10	10	0
Humanities	7,715	3,215	4,500	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	475	115	360	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	2,195	580	1,610	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,600	625	970	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	70	25	50	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	555	345	205	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	1,150	705	450	0	0	0
54. History	1,385	775	610	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	300	50	245	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	17,925	5,335	12,590	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	440	115	325	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,345	525	820	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	4,095	280	3,810	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	3,130	810	2,320	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	510	110	400	0	0	0
42. Psychology	2,905	750	2,155	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	5,500	2,750	2,755	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	27,880	9,560	18,325	35	0	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	85	25	60	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	3,510	560	2,955	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	24,285	8,975	15,310	30	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,860	2,525	2,335	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,420	1,010	1,410	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	795	410	385	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	45	25	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,175	880	290	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	420	200	220	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,880	2,105	1,780	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,770	1,635	1,140	0	0	0
25. Library science	360	30	335	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	670	390	280	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	80	50	30	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	36,535	34,800	1,740	25	25	0
04. Architecture and related services	890	655	230	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,485	3,145	340	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	7,720	7,145	575	0	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	9,650	9,495	160	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	10,065	9,815	260	15	10	0
48. Precision production	4,720	4,540	180	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	5,355	3,625	1,725	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	2,690	1,775	915	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,660	1,855	805	10	0	0
Health and related fields	28,640	4,460	24,180	15	0	10
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,765	1,230	1,535	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	25,525	2,965	22,560	10	0	10
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	345	260	85	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	13,460	6,850	6,610	25	15	10
12. Personal and culinary services	6,345	1,425	4,925	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	40	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	90	80	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	4,785	3,260	1,525	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	2,190	2,040	150	10	10	0
Other	30	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	25	10	20	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	189,750	92,215	97,535	230	105	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	77,530	41,060	36,470	120	60	60
Education	6,960	1,785	5,175	20	0	20
13. Education	6,960	1,785	5,175	15	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,765	1,500	2,265	0	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	685	510	175	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	3,080	990	2,090	0	0	0
Humanities	4,860	1,935	2,925	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	305	60	240	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,335	320	1,015	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	915	360	550	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	45	15	35	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	360	225	135	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	765	450	310	0	0	0
54. History	940	485	455	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	195	10	185	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	13,160	3,465	9,690	10	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	340	95	250	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,020	345	675	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	3,120	185	2,935	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	2,440	485	1,950	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	430	90	340	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,935	395	1,540	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	3,870	1,875	1,995	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	18,900	6,065	12,835	30	0	25
30.16 Accounting and computer science	60	15	45	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	2,695	385	2,310	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	16,140	5,665	10,480	30	0	25
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,415	1,605	1,810	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,850	770	1,075	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	550	260	290	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	25	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	665	420	245	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	305	125	175	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,780	1,485	1,300	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,130	1,230	895	0	0	0
25. Library science	215	30	185	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	375	185	190	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	24,110	22,755	1,350	20	15	0
04. Architecture and related services	645	460	190	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,070	1,805	260	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	5,125	4,685	440	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	6,555	6,435	125	10	0	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	6,720	6,515	205	10	10	0
48. Precision production	2,995	2,860	135	0	0	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	3,990	2,600	1,390	10	10	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,900	1,195	705	0	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	2,095	1,405	685	0	10	0
Health and related fields	20,370	3,010	17,360	10	0	0
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	2,100	875	1,225	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	18,055	1,995	16,065	10	0	0
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	215	140	75	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	9,895	4,935	4,960	10	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	4,580	1,015	3,565	0	0	0
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	30	25	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	25	20	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	3,655	2,375	1,275	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,610	1,505	105	0	0	0
Other	15	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	317,625	154,710	162,915	365	175	195
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	154,300	76,760	77,540	220	105	115
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	163,325	77,945	85,380	145	65	80
Location of study inside Canada	151,515	71,745	79,765	145	70	80
Same as province or territory of residence	143,400	67,925	75,475	115	45	70
Different than province or territory of residence	8,115	3,825	4,290	30	20	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	11,815	6,205	5,610	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	3,105	1,580	1,525	0	0	0
Philippines	365	100	260	0	0	0
India	475	265	215	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	3,280	1,905	1,375	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	220	85	135	0	0	0
France	80	50	35	0	0	0
Other	4,295	2,220	2,075	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	189,750	92,215	97,535	235	100	125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	77,530	41,060	36,470	120	60	60
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	112,220	51,155	61,065	115	45	70
Location of study inside Canada	106,215	48,320	57,895	110	40	70
Same as province or territory of residence	100,975	45,815	55,155	90	30	60
Different than province or territory of residence	5,245	2,500	2,740	20	10	0
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	6,005	2,835	3,165	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,805	855	950	0	0	0
Philippines	305	85	220	0	0	0
India	320	175	150	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,075	560	515	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	200	75	125	0	0	0
France	45	30	15	0	0	0
Other	2,250	1,060	1,195	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	317,625	154,710	162,915	365	175	195
In the labour force	183,615	94,245	89,370	195	90	105
Employed	169,450	86,500	82,950	175	90	90
Unemployed	14,170	7,750	6,415	15	0	15
Not in the labour force	134,010	60,460	73,550	175	80	95
Participation rate	57.8	60.9	54.9	53.4	51.4	53.8
Employment rate	53.3	55.9	50.9	47.9	51.4	46.2
Unemployment rate	7.7	8.2	7.2	7.7	0.0	14.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	317,625	154,710	162,915	365	175	195
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	123,710	55,155	68,550	155	70	90
Worked	193,920	99,550	94,370	210	100	110
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	97,390	54,660	42,730	85	45	35
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	96,530	44,890	51,640	130	55	75
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	42.8	42.4	36.1	38.8	33.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	183,615	94,245	89,370	190	90	100
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	3,560	1,825	1,730	10	10	10
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	180,060	92,420	87,640	185	85	100
Employee	153,975	76,265	77,710	165	70	95
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	26,085	16,155	9,930	20	15	10
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	183,620	94,245	89,370	190	90	105
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	3,555	1,825	1,730	10	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	180,060	92,420	87,640	185	85	100
0 Management occupations	19,515	11,645	7,865	10	0	0
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	22,455	5,210	17,240	25	10	20
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	8,155	6,220	1,930	0	10	0
3 Health occupations	13,125	2,055	11,075	20	0	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	20,995	6,655	14,340	25	0	20
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,435	1,775	2,655	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	44,475	17,505	26,975	60	25	35
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	33,415	31,370	2,045	30	30	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	4,680	3,700	985	0	0	0
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	8,810	6,285	2,525	15	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	183,615	94,245	89,370	195	90	100
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	3,555	1,830	1,730	10	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	180,060	92,420	87,645	185	85	100
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,300	2,940	1,360	0	0	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	1,065	955	110	0	0	0
22 Utilities	2,690	2,300	395	0	0	0
23 Construction	19,345	17,190	2,160	10	15	0
31-33 Manufacturing	14,880	10,730	4,155	10	10	0
41 Wholesale trade	5,240	3,775	1,460	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	24,035	10,865	13,170	25	10	15
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	7,145	5,160	1,985	15	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	2,700	1,355	1,340	0	0	10
52 Finance and insurance	4,475	1,505	2,970	10	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	3,270	1,635	1,635	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	8,850	4,345	4,505	0	10	0
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	40	45	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	9,440	5,370	4,065	10	0	0
61 Educational services	12,755	3,875	8,885	10	0	10
62 Health care and social assistance	22,825	3,275	19,555	25	0	30
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	4,730	2,365	2,370	10	0	0
72 Accommodation and food services	13,470	5,085	8,380	30	10	25
81 Other services (except public administration)	8,250	4,030	4,220	10	10	0
91 Public administration	10,495	5,615	4,880	10	10	0
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	169,450	86,495	82,950	175	85	90
Worked at home	15,420	7,660	7,765	25	15	0
Worked outside Canada	475	255	220	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	24,150	18,120	6,030	15	20	0
Worked at usual place	129,400	60,465	68,940	135	50	85
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	129,400	60,460	68,935	135	50	80
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	64,500	27,365	37,135	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	29,485	13,450	16,040	115	45	75
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	34,995	19,375	15,620	10	10	0
Commute to a different province or territory	420	275	145	0	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	153,555	78,585	74,970	150	70	80
Car, truck, van - as a driver	129,165	67,015	62,145	140	65	70
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	9,930	4,680	5,250	10	0	10
Public transit	3,265	1,275	1,990	0	0	0
Walked	8,415	3,890	4,520	0	0	0
Bicycle	1,255	875	380	0	0	0
Other method	1,520	840	680	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	153,550	78,580	74,970	150	70	80
Less than 15 minutes	53,015	23,965	29,050	30	30	0
15 to 29 minutes	47,930	22,710	25,225	75	25	50
30 to 44 minutes	24,700	13,255	11,450	30	15	25
45 to 59 minutes	11,500	6,745	4,760	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	16,405	11,910	4,495	10	10	0
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	153,550	78,585	74,970	155	70	80
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	11,785	8,415	3,375	0	0	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	28,085	18,245	9,840	45	25	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	40,395	20,570	19,825	70	40	35
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	34,090	12,725	21,365	10	10	10
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	14,715	5,465	9,255	15	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	24,475	13,155	11,315	15	0	10
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	199,725	102,310	97,415	210	105	105
Single responses	199,070	102,045	97,030	205	100	105
Official languages	198,800	101,895	96,905	210	100	105
English	198,270	101,770	96,500	195	100	95
French	525	120	405	10	10	10
Non-official languages	275	150	130	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	10	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	265	140	125	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	140	85	60	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	25	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	70	45	25	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	20	15	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	55	30	20	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	10	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	20	20	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	20	15	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	30	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	25	10	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	15	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	35	10	25	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	655	270	385	0	0	10
English and French	330	135	190	10	0	0
English and non-official language	305	115	190	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	15	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	199,725	102,310	97,410	210	105	110
None	196,380	100,950	95,425	200	100	100
English	515	145	370	0	0	0
French	1,860	750	1,110	10	0	0
Non-official language	950	465	485	0	0	0
Aboriginal	110	20	90	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	840	440	400	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	364,870	178,835	186,040	440	205	235
Non-movers	321,030	157,590	163,440	395	185	205
Movers	43,845	21,245	22,595	45	15	35
Non-migrants	19,505	9,355	10,150	30	10	20
Migrants	24,340	11,890	12,450	20	10	10
Internal migrants	23,290	11,445	11,850	20	0	10
Intraprovincial migrants	21,810	10,665	11,150	15	0	15
Interprovincial migrants	1,480	780	700	0	0	0
External migrants	1,045	450	600	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	352,100	172,365	179,735	425	200	230
Non-movers	230,440	113,665	116,775	280	130	155
Movers	121,660	58,705	62,955	140	75	75
Non-migrants	52,695	25,340	27,350	40	15	25
Migrants	68,970	33,360	35,605	100	55	45
Internal migrants	65,960	31,880	34,085	100	55	45
Intraprovincial migrants	62,215	29,995	32,220	35	15	20
Interprovincial migrants	3,745	1,885	1,865	65	45	25
External migrants	3,010	1,485	1,520	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Muskoka--Kawarthas [Economic region], Ontario and Dorchester, P [Census subdivision], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 1, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Muskoka--Kawarthas [Economic region], Ontario and Dorchester, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census Muskoka--Kawarthas [Economic region], Ontario and Dorchester, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Muskoka--Kawarthas [Economic region], Ontario and Dorchester, Parish [Census subdivision], New Brunswick