Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Nova [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Okanagan-Similkameen H, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	West Nova Nova Scotia [Federal electoral district]			Okanagan-Similkameen H, RDA British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , West Nova [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia Map : West Nova [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia Change geography 1			Data quality : Okanagan-Similkameen H, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	82,026	...	...	1,953	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	83,654	...	...	1,768	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-1.9	...	...	10.5	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	43,132	...	...	1,913	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	36,406	...	...	922	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	9.2	...	...	0.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,885.44	...	...	4,759.47	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	82,025	39,875	42,150	1,955	1,035	920
0 to 14 years	11,175	5,705	5,470	150	80	65
0 to 4 years	3,425	1,760	1,665	45	25	15
5 to 9 years	3,885	1,945	1,945	55	30	30
10 to 14 years	3,865	2,005	1,855	50	25	20
15 to 64 years	51,060	25,055	26,005	1,190	595	590
15 to 19 years	4,595	2,345	2,245	70	35	35
20 to 24 years	3,620	1,855	1,765	55	30	25
25 to 29 years	3,570	1,735	1,830	45	25	25
30 to 34 years	3,910	1,930	1,985	60	30	30
35 to 39 years	4,030	1,900	2,130	75	35	40
40 to 44 years	4,685	2,280	2,410	75	35	35
45 to 49 years	5,425	2,630	2,800	100	55	45
50 to 54 years	7,115	3,525	3,595	205	90	110
55 to 59 years	7,400	3,585	3,820	245	120	125
60 to 64 years	6,710	3,280	3,430	255	135	120
65 years and over	19,790	9,115	10,680	620	355	260
65 to 69 years	6,585	3,210	3,380	240	135	105
70 to 74 years	4,875	2,375	2,500	190	115	75
75 to 79 years	3,470	1,605	1,865	110	60	50
80 to 84 years	2,395	1,090	1,310	50	30	20
85 years and over	2,465	835	1,630	25	10	10
85 to 89 years	1,465	535	930	20	10	15
90 to 94 years	715	230	485	0	5	5
95 to 99 years	235	60	185	5	5	0
100 years and over	40	5	40	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	13.6	14.3	13.0	7.7	7.7	7.1
15 to 64 years	62.2	62.8	61.7	60.9	57.5	64.1
65 years and over	24.1	22.9	25.3	31.7	34.3	28.3
85 years and over	3.0	2.1	3.9	1.3	1.0	1.1
Average age of the population	46.1	45.2	47.0	53.0	53.6	52.4
Median age of the population	50.0	49.2	50.7	57.8	59.0	57.0
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	36,405	...	...	925	...	...
Single-detached house	30,195	...	...	840	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	10	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	5,395	...	...	5	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,435	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	780	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	505	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	2,620	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	55	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	805	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	36,405	...	...	920	...	...
1 person	10,650	...	...	235	...	...
2 persons	15,430	...	...	510	...	...
3 persons	5,045	...	...	100	...	...
4 persons	3,575	...	...	65	...	...
5 or more persons	1,705	...	...	15	...	...
Number of persons in private households	80,260	...	...	1,895	...	...
Average household size	2.2	...	...	2.0	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	70,850	34,165	36,685	1,805	955	855
Married or living common law	43,520	21,745	21,775	1,275	645	635
Married	35,420	17,710	17,710	1,025	520	510
Living common law	8,095	4,035	4,060	255	125	130
Not married and not living common law	27,330	12,420	14,910	525	310	220
Never married	15,150	8,330	6,820	255	160	95
Separated	2,155	980	1,180	55	30	25
Divorced	4,570	2,010	2,560	120	80	45
Widowed	5,455	1,105	4,350	95	40	60
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	25,155	...	...	665	...	...
2 persons	15,810	...	...	525	...	...
3 persons	4,770	...	...	80	...	...
4 persons	3,245	...	...	45	...	...
5 or more persons	1,335	...	...	10	...	...
Average size of census families	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	25,155	...	...	665	...	...
Total couple families	21,435	...	...	620	...	...
Married couples	17,385	...	...	495	...	...
Common-law couples	4,045	...	...	125	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	3,720	...	...	45	...	...
Female parent	2,910	...	...	30	...	...
Male parent	805	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	21,435	...	...	620	...	...
Couples without children	13,425	...	...	495	...	...
Couples with children	8,010	...	...	125	...	...
1 child	3,805	...	...	75	...	...
2 children	2,960	...	...	45	...	...
3 or more children	1,250	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	3,720	...	...	45	...	...
1 child	2,390	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	965	...	...	10	...	...
3 or more children	370	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	14,200	6,560	7,640	340	210	125
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	36,405	...	...	920	...	...
One-census-family households	24,370	...	...	645	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	13,115	...	...	480	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	11,255	...	...	165	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	390	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	11,650	...	...	265	...	...
One-person households	10,655	...	...	230	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,000	...	...	35	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	80,715	39,345	41,370	1,950	1,030	920
English only	63,120	31,055	32,065	1,875	1,005	870
French only	230	105	125	0	0	0
English and French	17,300	8,150	9,150	75	30	45
Neither English nor French	65	35	30	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	80,715	39,345	41,370	1,950	1,030	925
English	69,800	33,970	35,830	1,925	1,015	910
French	10,685	5,255	5,425	25	15	10
English and French	175	85	90	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	50	30	25	5	0	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	10,770	5,305	5,470	25	15	10
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	13.3	13.5	13.2	1.3	1.5	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	80,715	39,345	41,370	1,950	1,030	920
Single responses	79,895	38,940	40,950	1,945	1,025	920
Official languages	78,595	38,355	40,240	1,830	960	870
English	67,750	33,030	34,720	1,795	945	855
French	10,840	5,320	5,525	30	15	10
Non-official languages	1,300	590	715	120	65	55
Aboriginal languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	5	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,285	585	695	120	70	55
Afro-Asiatic languages	70	40	35	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	70	40	35	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	70	35	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	45	5	40	0	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	5	35	5	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	5	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	870	415	450	105	65	45
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	65	15	10	0
Baltic languages	5	5	5	0	5	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	5	5	5	0
Slavic languages	115	50	70	15	10	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Czech	15	10	10	5	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	35	10	25	0	0	0
Russian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	5	5	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	25	10	10	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	575	275	305	70	35	30
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Dutch	130	55	70	20	5	10
Frisian	5	5	0	0	0	0
German	405	200	205	45	30	15
Icelandic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	5	0	0	5
Swedish	10	5	5	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	5	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	45	20	20	5	0	0
Bengali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	10	5	5	5	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	10	10	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	5	5	0	0	5	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	100	50	50	15	5	5
Catalan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	25	15	10	10	5	0
Portuguese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Romanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Spanish	60	25	30	5	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	30	10	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	10	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	90	40	45	0	5	0
Chinese languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Cantonese	35	15	15	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	30	10	20	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	5	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	5	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	40	10	25	5	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	10	5	5	0
Hungarian	20	10	15	5	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	820	405	415	5	5	5
English and French	680	335	345	0	0	0
English and non-official language	120	60	65	5	0	0
French and non-official language	15	10	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	80,715	39,345	41,370	1,955	1,030	920
Single responses	79,995	39,015	40,980	1,930	1,020	910
Official languages	79,575	38,810	40,770	1,910	1,010	905
English	72,090	35,225	36,870	1,905	1,005	900
French	7,480	3,585	3,900	0	0	5
Non-official languages	420	200	215	20	10	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	415	200	210	20	15	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	10	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	10	15	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	250	125	120	20	10	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	5	10	5	5	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	5	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	5	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Russian	5	0	0	5	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	170	80	90	10	5	5
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	5	5	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	155	70	80	5	5	5
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bengali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	10	5	5	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	35	25	10	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	25	10	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	10	5	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	5	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages	45	25	25	0	0	0
Cantonese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	15	5	5	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	720	330	390	25	15	15
English and French	465	220	245	0	5	5
English and non-official language	240	105	135	25	10	10
French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	80,715	39,345	41,370	1,955	1,030	920
None	73,520	35,905	37,610	1,905	1,010	895
English	3,460	1,660	1,805	15	10	5
French	3,140	1,515	1,635	10	5	5
Non-official language	550	240	305	25	10	15
Aboriginal	25	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	520	235	285	25	10	20
English and French	5	0	5	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5	5	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	69,090	33,460	35,630	1,745	915	830
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,545	32,375	34,170	1,715	910	810
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,446	34,324	22,715	29,621	38,221	21,888
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,590	32,380	34,215	1,715	910	805
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,214	30,512	21,421	26,965	33,920	20,736
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	56,310	28,435	27,880	1,510	815	695
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,004	31,337	19,645	24,704	32,064	18,240
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	52,320	23,990	28,335	1,255	655	600
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,865	9,967	8,131	10,752	13,222	8,486
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	44,305	22,975	21,330	1,135	620	510
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	25,163	30,693	20,673	24,640	36,736	17,760
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	68,935	33,360	35,580	1,780	920	860
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,435	32,320	34,120	1,735	910	830
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,039	41,932	28,509	40,619	51,643	28,531
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	66,475	32,320	34,155	1,735	910	830
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,801	34,995	24,888	34,513	42,844	25,378
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	56,320	28,455	27,870	1,595	850	740
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,743	39,422	25,921	36,415	45,941	25,438
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	52,420	24,045	28,370	1,205	620	585
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,226	9,702	8,823	10,399	12,504	8,185
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	44,170	22,955	21,215	1,195	680	520
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,472	38,072	26,412	37,712	47,109	25,538
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	68,940	33,355	35,580	1,780	920	860
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	18,640	10,145	8,490	455	260	190
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	40,025	44,287	36,419	51,832	73,524	34,964
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	46,113	50,346	41,054	60,320	71,952	44,070
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.3	82.8	74.4	82.4	84.2	79.4
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	61.9	64.9	57.6	58.1	60.0	54.8
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.7	17.2	25.6	17.7	16.0	21.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	69,090	33,460	35,630	1,745	915	830
Without total income	2,540	1,080	1,455	35	10	20
With total income	66,545	32,380	34,175	1,715	905	810
Percentage with total income	96.3	96.8	95.9	98.3	98.9	97.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,490	3,660	5,835	265	95	170
$10,000 to $19,999	14,720	5,555	9,170	350	135	215
$20,000 to $29,999	11,660	4,980	6,680	255	125	130
$30,000 to $39,999	9,305	4,605	4,700	210	115	90
$40,000 to $49,999	6,655	3,660	3,000	140	85	60
$50,000 to $59,999	4,455	2,775	1,675	110	65	45
$60,000 to $69,999	3,380	2,330	1,050	75	55	25
$70,000 to $79,999	2,355	1,590	765	65	50	20
$80,000 to $89,999	1,555	940	620	55	35	15
$90,000 to $99,999	895	625	270	50	40	15
$100,000 and over	2,075	1,660	415	140	115	25
$100,000 to $149,999	1,560	1,245	315	115	95	20
$150,000 and over	510	410	100	20	20	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	69,090	33,460	35,630	1,745	920	830
Without after-tax income	2,500	1,080	1,415	35	10	25
With after-tax income	66,590	32,380	34,210	1,715	910	805
Percentage with after-tax income	96.4	96.8	96.0	98.3	98.9	97.0
Under $10,000 (including loss)	9,925	3,755	6,165	275	100	175
$10,000 to $19,999	15,580	5,935	9,650	365	145	220
$20,000 to $29,999	13,890	6,200	7,700	295	145	150
$30,000 to $39,999	10,630	5,545	5,080	235	130	100
$40,000 to $49,999	6,655	4,075	2,580	135	75	55
$50,000 to $59,999	4,350	2,935	1,410	110	80	35
$60,000 to $69,999	2,545	1,630	920	85	60	25
$70,000 to $79,999	1,245	905	345	75	60	20
$80,000 and over	1,765	1,405	365	130	110	25
$80,000 to $89,999	670	515	160	60	45	10
$90,000 to $99,999	380	315	60	30	25	5
$100,000 and over	715	570	150	50	40	10
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	69,090	33,460	35,630	1,750	920	830
Without employment income	24,785	10,485	14,300	615	295	315
With employment income	44,305	22,975	21,330	1,135	620	515
Percentage with employment income	64.1	68.7	59.9	64.9	67.4	62.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	6,825	3,175	3,655	295	145	150
$5,000 to $9,999	4,335	1,810	2,525	85	40	45
$10,000 to $19,999	7,500	3,275	4,220	135	55	80
$20,000 to $29,999	6,505	3,045	3,455	115	55	65
$30,000 to $39,999	5,505	2,785	2,720	80	30	50
$40,000 to $49,999	3,845	2,180	1,670	95	50	40
$50,000 to $59,999	2,840	1,875	970	50	25	25
$60,000 to $69,999	2,205	1,555	645	50	25	20
$70,000 to $79,999	1,685	1,070	610	45	35	10
$80,000 and over	3,070	2,210	860	185	155	30
$80,000 to $89,999	1,135	655	480	30	25	10
$90,000 to $99,999	605	445	160	40	35	5
$100,000 and over	1,330	1,110	220	110	95	20
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	36,405	...	...	925	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	52,315	...	...	59,648	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	47,036	...	...	53,248	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	10,650	...	...	235	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	25,822	...	...	31,808	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	24,261	...	...	29,376	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	25,755	...	...	690	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,743	...	...	72,363	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	58,031	...	...	64,256	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	36,375	...	...	920	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	63,990	...	...	76,432	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,458	...	...	64,943	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	10,735	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	34,231	...	...	44,551	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,321	...	...	38,133	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	25,640	...	...	715	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,453	...	...	85,869	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	64,986	...	...	72,878	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	36,405	...	...	920	...	...
Under $5,000	425	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	725	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,180	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,390	...	...	40	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,070	...	...	50	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,205	...	...	45	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,560	...	...	55	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,085	...	...	55	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,975	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,810	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,320	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,940	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,470	...	...	70	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,175	...	...	40	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,690	...	...	45	...	...
$100,000 and over	6,395	...	...	245	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,880	...	...	100	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,655	...	...	60	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	1,255	...	...	50	...	...
$200,000 and over	615	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	36,405	...	...	925	...	...
Under $5,000	455	...	...	15	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	735	...	...	15	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,205	...	...	20	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,500	...	...	45	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,375	...	...	55	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,545	...	...	50	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,875	...	...	60	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,395	...	...	60	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,300	...	...	55	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,085	...	...	50	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,070	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,200	...	...	85	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,635	...	...	65	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	1,955	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,440	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	3,645	...	...	165	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	2,100	...	...	85	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	875	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 and over	670	...	...	40	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	25,005	...	...	665	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,452	...	...	72,704	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	57,796	...	...	64,896	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.7	...	...	2.4	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	12,820	...	...	475	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,914	...	...	66,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	53,655	...	...	59,477	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	8,120	...	...	135	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,112	...	...	119,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	77,260	...	...	98,048	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	3.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,480	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	39,480	...	...	50,432	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	37,382	...	...	48,896	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	24,925	...	...	695	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,209	...	...	86,388	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	64,748	...	...	73,217	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	12,780	...	...	495	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,599	...	...	78,244	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,266	...	...	66,632	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	8,110	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	98,939	...	...	122,158	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,719	...	...	101,171	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,455	...	...	35	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,207	...	...	81,096	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	41,614	...	...	70,331	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	12,950	6,095	6,850	310	190	115
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,206	28,819	23,317	29,536	31,776	23,744
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	23,752	25,769	22,405	26,592	29,536	23,168
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	12,900	5,990	6,915	255	150	105
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,183	36,527	30,285	41,133	45,296	35,341
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,451	30,559	26,625	35,448	39,242	30,169
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	80,260	39,165	41,090	1,895	995	900
In the bottom half of the distribution	53,375	25,390	27,990	1,000	520	480
In the bottom decile	9,640	4,410	5,235	225	120	110
In the second decile	13,675	6,230	7,450	230	115	110
In the third decile	10,655	5,125	5,520	225	115	110
In the fourth decile	10,130	4,980	5,155	155	80	75
In the fifth decile	9,275	4,645	4,625	160	80	75
In the top half of the distribution	26,880	13,780	13,105	895	475	415
In the sixth decile	8,310	4,195	4,115	195	100	95
In the seventh decile	7,070	3,620	3,450	185	105	85
In the eighth decile	5,250	2,710	2,540	170	85	80
In the ninth decile	3,895	2,010	1,890	190	100	90
In the top decile	2,355	1,245	1,110	155	85	70
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	79,945	39,010	40,940	1,895	995	900
0 to 17 years	13,875	7,085	6,790	185	100	85
0 to 5 years	4,100	2,090	2,010	50	30	25
18 to 64 years	47,525	23,210	24,320	1,100	550	555
65 years and over	18,550	8,715	9,830	610	350	260
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	17,020	7,675	9,340	335	175	160
0 to 17 years	3,785	1,925	1,865	45	25	20
0 to 5 years	1,250	655	600	5	5	5
18 to 64 years	8,750	3,925	4,830	195	95	100
65 years and over	4,485	1,835	2,655	95	50	40
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	21.3	19.7	22.8	17.7	17.6	17.8
0 to 17 years (%)	27.3	27.2	27.5	24.3	25.0	23.5
0 to 5 years (%)	30.5	31.3	29.9	10.0	16.7	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	18.4	16.9	19.9	17.7	17.3	18.0
65 years and over (%)	24.2	21.1	27.0	15.6	14.3	15.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	5,035	2,390	2,650	115	65	45
0 to 17 years	1,165	590	575	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	420	215	205	5	0	0
18 to 64 years	3,580	1,675	1,905	95	55	40
65 years and over	290	125	170	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	6.3	6.1	6.5	6.1	6.5	5.0
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	8.3	8.5	5.4	5.0	5.9
0 to 5 years (%)	10.2	10.3	10.2	10.0	0.0	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	7.5	7.2	7.8	8.6	10.0	7.2
65 years and over (%)	1.6	1.4	1.7	0.0	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	79,990	39,065	40,925	1,895	1,000	900
Official languages	79,960	39,045	40,910	1,895	1,000	895
English	79,710	38,920	40,790	1,895	995	895
French	17,530	8,205	9,325	65	20	45
Non-official languages	2,125	1,000	1,125	125	55	65
Aboriginal languages	35	25	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	30	20	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	2,090	975	1,115	125	60	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	20	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	35	10	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	75	15	60	0	0	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	15	0	10	0	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	65	15	50	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	30	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	25	25	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	10	0	10	10	0	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,540	770	765	115	60	55
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	120	55	65	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	115	50	60	0	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	20	10	15	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	15	35	0	0	0
Russian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Serbian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	10	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ukrainian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	810	410	405	55	25	30
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dutch	170	70	100	10	10	0
Frisian	10	0	10	0	0	0
German	575	310	265	35	20	20
Icelandic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	10
Greek	20	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	105	50	50	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	80	35	45	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	40	20	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iranian languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	25	15	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	510	260	260	60	40	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	95	40	50	10	0	0
Portuguese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Romanian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Spanish	390	200	190	45	25	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	50	10	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	35	20	15	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	10	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	120	40	80	0	0	0
American Sign Language	55	20	30	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	60	20	40	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	105	35	70	0	0	0
Chinese languages	105	35	70	0	0	0
Cantonese	50	15	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	45	20	30	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	0	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	45	10	35	10	0	10
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	20	10	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	79,990	39,065	40,925	1,895	995	895
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	78,620	38,460	40,160	1,830	975	860
Canadian citizens aged under 18	13,720	7,105	6,620	170	110	60
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	64,900	31,360	33,540	1,665	865	795
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	1,370	605	770	65	25	35
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	79,990	39,065	40,930	1,895	995	895
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	76,420	37,415	39,000	1,665	885	780
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	3,375	1,535	1,845	220	110	115
Before 1981	1,615	735	875	180	95	85
1981 to 1990	405	155	250	20	10	15
1991 to 2000	325	145	180	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	685	335	350	20	10	10
2001 to 2005	285	150	140	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	400	190	210	15	10	10
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	345	160	185	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	195	115	80	10	10	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	3,380	1,535	1,845	220	110	110
Under 5 years	395	185	210	25	15	10
5 to 14 years	655	325	335	45	25	20
15 to 24 years	640	225	415	85	35	45
25 to 44 years	1,160	515	645	55	25	30
45 years and over	525	280	245	15	10	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,380	1,535	1,845	220	110	115
Americas	1,070	430	640	35	15	20
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyana	10	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	30	20	10	0	0	0
Mexico	20	10	10	0	0	10
Peru	10	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	25	15	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	925	360	565	30	10	20
Other places of birth in Americas	40	15	20	10	0	0
Europe	1,905	940	965	145	75	75
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatia	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	45	25	25	0	0	0
Germany	350	165	180	40	20	25
Greece	10	10	10	0	0	0
Hungary	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	35	20	10	0	0	0
Italy	20	15	0	10	0	0
Netherlands	140	60	75	15	10	0
Poland	25	15	15	0	0	0
Portugal	0	10	0	0	0	0
Romania	10	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	10	0	10	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	10	10	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,065	520	555	60	35	30
Other places of birth in Europe	160	95	70	15	10	15
Africa	65	25	40	15	15	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	25	10	15	0	0	0
Asia	280	95	185	0	0	10
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	65	10	55	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	35	20	15	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	15	0	20	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Philippines	45	10	40	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	60	45	15	20	10	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	345	165	185	0	0	0
Americas	65	35	30	10	0	0
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	10	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	40	20	20	0	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	0	0	0
Europe	165	90	75	0	0	0
France	0	0	10	0	0	0
Germany	15	15	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	115	65	55	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	10	0	0	0
Africa	20	10	10	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	75	15	65	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	10	0	0	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Philippines	25	10	20	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	79,990	39,065	40,925	1,895	995	895
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	3,930	1,825	2,105	235	115	125
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	5,140	2,600	2,540	295	165	125
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	70,925	34,640	36,285	1,365	715	650
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	1,790	815	975	45	20	25
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	985	495	495	20	10	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	425	260	160	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	565	230	335	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	750	290	460	30	10	15
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	45	30	20	0	0	10
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	79,990	39,065	40,930	1,895	995	900
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	8,425	4,370	4,055	195	95	95
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	8,205	4,275	3,930	190	95	95
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	1,515	795	720	70	30	45
Métis	6,610	3,420	3,185	120	65	50
Inuk (Inuit)	75	55	25	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	150	75	80	10	10	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	70	20	50	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	71,565	34,695	36,865	1,700	900	800
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	79,990	39,065	40,930	1,895	995	900
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	1,220	625	595	20	10	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	78,765	38,440	40,325	1,875	985	890
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	79,990	39,065	40,930	1,895	1,000	900
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,410	725	680	45	25	25
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,340	695	645	45	25	25
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	525	265	260	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	795	415	375	45	20	20
Inuit single ancestry	25	15	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	70	30	35	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	55	25	30	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	20	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	9,860	4,920	4,945	145	85	60
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	9,320	4,690	4,635	140	80	60
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,335	1,640	1,700	95	50	45
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	5,900	3,005	2,895	50	30	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	85	45	40	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	540	235	310	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	470	205	260	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	15	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	20	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	10	20	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	68,720	33,420	35,300	1,705	885	815
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	79,990	39,065	40,930	1,895	1,000	900
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	1,980	940	1,040	10	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	170	90	80	0	0	0
Chinese	165	65	100	0	0	0
Black	1,175	555	615	0	0	0
Filipino	45	10	40	0	0	0
Latin American	65	30	25	0	0	10
Arab	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	105	50	50	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	25	15	10	0	0	0
Japanese	60	15	45	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	45	25	20	10	10	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	95	55	45	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	78,010	38,125	39,885	1,885	995	890
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	79,990	39,065	40,925	1,895	995	900
North American Aboriginal origins	11,275	5,645	5,630	190	110	80
First Nations (North American Indian)	4,420	2,140	2,280	100	55	45
Inuit	200	95	105	0	0	0
Métis	7,285	3,680	3,605	95	55	40
Other North American origins	44,770	21,965	22,805	480	240	240
Acadian	5,845	2,815	3,025	0	0	10
American	630	330	295	30	10	25
Canadian	40,365	19,855	20,510	455	240	210
New Brunswicker	0	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	40	15	20	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Québécois	30	20	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	51,490	24,820	26,670	1,610	870	745
British Isles origins	38,090	18,015	20,080	1,125	605	520
Channel Islander	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cornish	10	0	10	0	0	0
English	23,640	11,165	12,470	755	405	355
Irish	12,755	5,705	7,050	355	175	180
Manx	20	0	20	0	0	0
Scottish	14,885	6,830	8,055	515	260	255
Welsh	1,340	660	680	100	50	50
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,290	635	660	60	45	20
French origins	18,245	8,770	9,470	165	95	65
Alsatian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	10	0	0	0	0	0
French	18,235	8,765	9,475	160	95	70
Western European origins (except French origins)	10,910	5,110	5,800	425	215	215
Austrian	190	95	100	0	10	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	145	85	60	0	0	0
Dutch	3,485	1,595	1,890	135	65	70
Flemish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	8,070	3,765	4,310	290	150	145
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	195	90	105	10	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	30	10	15	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	965	445	515	225	110	110
Danish	205	100	105	20	10	0
Finnish	100	35	65	25	10	15
Icelandic	45	15	30	25	15	10
Norwegian	355	165	185	115	60	55
Swedish	205	95	110	60	25	40
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	95	55	45	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	1,520	700	820	250	150	100
Bulgarian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	75	35	35	40	10	35
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	30	15	15	0	0	0
Estonian	25	20	10	0	10	0
Hungarian	195	90	110	20	0	15
Latvian	15	0	10	10	10	10
Lithuanian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	580	255	320	50	30	20
Romanian	65	25	40	10	10	0
Russian	235	105	130	45	40	10
Slovak	35	10	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	385	195	195	95	65	30
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Southern European origins	1,340	635	705	210	125	85
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	20	40	30	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	55	30	30	0	0	0
Italian	785	370	410	115	60	55
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Maltese	20	20	0	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	150	65	80	50	30	20
Serbian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	225	100	125	30	20	15
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	25	20	0	10	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other European origins	380	185	195	30	10	15
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	110	55	50	20	0	20
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	270	120	145	10	10	0
Caribbean origins	240	130	105	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	115	70	45	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	50	15	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	10	0	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	165	80	85	15	0	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	30	10	15	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Colombian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	20	15	10	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	70	35	40	15	0	10
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	0	0	0
African origins	860	400	460	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	20	10	10	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	70	40	30	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	50	30	15	0	0	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	25	10	15	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Other African origins	750	335	415	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	210	85	125	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	550	250	300	0	0	0
Asian origins	970	450	520	20	20	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	315	155	155	0	0	0
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	15	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	210	110	100	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	25	15	15	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	40	15	30	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	205	110	90	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	155	80	75	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	20	15	10	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	20	15	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	460	185	275	20	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	200	80	120	0	10	0
Filipino	85	25	60	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	10	15	10	0
Japanese	60	15	35	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	30	20	15	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	10	15	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	40	20	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania origins	55	50	10	25	10	15
Australian	55	45	0	10	0	10
New Zealander	10	10	0	10	10	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	36,375	...	...	920	...	...
Owner	27,815	...	...	820	...	...
Renter	8,440	...	...	100	...	...
Band housing	125	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	36,375	...	...	925	...	...
Condominium	440	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	35,940	...	...	915	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	36,380	...	...	920	...	...
No bedrooms	55	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	3,175	...	...	45	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,310	...	...	300	...	...
3 bedrooms	14,545	...	...	390	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	9,300	...	...	185	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	36,380	...	...	920	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	5,725	...	...	160	...	...
5 rooms	5,575	...	...	180	...	...
6 rooms	6,400	...	...	190	...	...
7 rooms	5,750	...	...	130	...	...
8 or more rooms	12,925	...	...	270	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.8	...	...	6.5	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	36,380	...	...	920	...	...
One person or fewer per room	36,265	...	...	920	...	...
More than 1 person per room	115	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	36,380	...	...	920	...	...
Suitable	35,665	...	...	905	...	...
Not suitable	710	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	36,380	...	...	920	...	...
1960 or before	14,010	...	...	85	...	...
1961 to 1980	9,610	...	...	310	...	...
1981 to 1990	5,435	...	...	125	...	...
1991 to 2000	3,720	...	...	205	...	...
2001 to 2005	1,275	...	...	65	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,330	...	...	80	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,005	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	36,380	...	...	920	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	32,200	...	...	885	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,175	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	36,380	...	...	925	...	...
1 household maintainer	23,170	...	...	585	...	...
2 household maintainers	12,815	...	...	320	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	385	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	36,375	...	...	920	...	...
15 to 24 years	930	...	...	20	...	...
25 to 34 years	3,430	...	...	35	...	...
35 to 44 years	4,810	...	...	75	...	...
45 to 54 years	6,960	...	...	155	...	...
55 to 64 years	8,030	...	...	225	...	...
65 to 74 years	6,955	...	...	260	...	...
75 to 84 years	3,885	...	...	115	...	...
85 years and over	1,375	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	35,900	...	...	885	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	29,430	...	...	750	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	6,470	...	...	135	...	...
30% to less than 100%	5,845	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	27,495	...	...	790	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	48.6	...	...	45.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	11.9	...	...	12.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	603	...	...	619	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	757	...	...	819	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	149,623	...	...	358,997	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	168,938	...	...	388,637	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	8,430	...	...	100	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.0	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.9	...	...	30.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	675	...	...	882	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	702	...	...	851	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	68,940	33,360	35,580	1,775	920	860
No certificate, diploma or degree	18,755	10,100	8,650	405	225	175
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	16,230	7,830	8,400	555	265	290
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,955	15,430	18,525	820	425	390
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,575	5,100	2,470	280	225	60
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,620	2,705	1,915	95	65	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,950	2,395	560	180	155	25
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	16,545	6,245	10,300	350	115	235
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,565	545	1,015	75	30	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	8,280	3,540	4,745	120	65	55
Bachelor's degree	5,710	2,385	3,325	75	45	30
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	525	220	305	15	10	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	265	150	115	10	10	0
Master's degree	1,545	635	905	15	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	235	145	90	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	42,225	20,365	21,865	1,025	485	540
No certificate, diploma or degree	8,020	4,830	3,185	200	110	85
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	9,840	4,860	4,975	335	145	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	24,370	10,670	13,695	490	225	265
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	5,085	3,455	1,630	140	105	30
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,070	1,825	1,240	55	40	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	2,020	1,630	385	85	65	15
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	12,415	4,655	7,760	235	60	175
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	865	255	610	35	15	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	6,005	2,305	3,695	90	45	45
Bachelor's degree	4,275	1,665	2,610	55	30	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	290	65	225	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	205	95	105	10	10	0
Master's degree	1,125	415	710	15	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	110	65	45	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	68,940	33,360	35,580	1,780	925	855
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	34,980	17,930	17,050	955	490	465
Education	2,660	775	1,885	45	10	30
13. Education	2,660	775	1,880	45	10	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	595	295	300	45	20	20
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	100	70	25	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	495	225	275	35	15	20
Humanities	1,295	555	740	15	15	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	105	10	95	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	225	35	185	10	10	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	285	115	170	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	125	65	60	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	300	190	105	10	10	0
54. History	175	95	80	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	70	30	40	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	2,145	615	1,530	15	10	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	10	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	180	55	120	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	740	45	690	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	220	90	130	10	10	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	35	0	35	0	0	0
42. Psychology	360	125	235	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	600	285	315	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,600	1,535	6,065	135	30	105
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	10	10	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	585	115	470	10	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	7,000	1,415	5,585	120	30	90
Physical and life sciences and technologies	705	385	315	20	10	15
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	350	180	165	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	150	80	75	0	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	10	10	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	145	100	45	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	55	20	35	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	965	535	435	15	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	795	480	315	0	0	0
25. Library science	95	10	85	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	60	45	20	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	15	0	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,765	7,385	375	230	215	20
04. Architecture and related services	50	25	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	505	460	40	10	15	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,285	1,130	150	25	10	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,210	2,165	40	55	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,850	2,755	95	110	105	0
48. Precision production	860	845	20	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	715	465	250	50	30	30
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	440	250	190	20	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	275	215	60	35	20	10
Health and related fields	6,005	855	5,150	135	20	115
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	220	115	105	20	0	15
51. Health professions and related programs	5,725	705	5,020	110	0	100
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	65	35	30	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,510	2,030	1,485	110	70	40
12. Personal and culinary services	1,730	430	1,300	55	20	40
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	30	30	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	110	105	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	450	350	100	25	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,195	1,115	85	35	30	0
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	42,230	20,365	21,865	1,025	480	545
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	17,860	9,695	8,160	530	255	270
Education	1,670	410	1,265	30	10	20
13. Education	1,670	405	1,265	25	10	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	365	165	200	15	10	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	55	40	10	10	0	10
50. Visual and performing arts	310	130	190	10	0	10
Humanities	845	360	480	0	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	55	10	50	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	135	20	115	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	180	55	125	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	95	50	50	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	185	120	65	0	10	0
54. History	140	85	55	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	50	25	25	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	1,615	385	1,230	0	0	10
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	125	35	85	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	605	30	575	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	165	50	125	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	30	0	25	0	0	0
42. Psychology	280	95	185	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	405	165	240	10	0	10
Business, management and public administration	5,365	1,020	4,340	80	10	70
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	465	80	385	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	4,885	940	3,950	85	10	70
Physical and life sciences and technologies	480	255	225	15	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	245	125	120	10	0	10
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	120	60	60	10	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	90	65	30	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	25	10	15	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	795	415	375	10	0	10
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	690	400	290	0	0	0
25. Library science	55	0	60	10	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	30	15	15	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	10	0	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,655	5,300	350	130	115	20
04. Architecture and related services	45	10	35	0	0	0
14. Engineering	305	275	30	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	885	750	135	25	0	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,740	1,700	40	30	25	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,085	1,990	100	65	60	10
48. Precision production	595	580	20	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	575	340	235	40	10	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	350	175	175	15	0	15
03. Natural resources and conservation	225	165	60	25	15	10
Health and related fields	4,465	615	3,850	90	20	80
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	165	80	80	20	10	10
51. Health professions and related programs	4,265	510	3,750	75	10	65
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	40	20	15	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,545	1,405	1,145	65	40	25
12. Personal and culinary services	1,320	305	1,015	40	15	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	15	15	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	50	50	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	290	220	75	10	10	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	865	810	55	20	15	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	68,940	33,355	35,580	1,775	920	860
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	34,980	17,930	17,050	955	495	465
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,960	15,430	18,530	820	430	390
Location of study inside Canada	32,065	14,490	17,575	740	390	345
Same as province or territory of residence	24,925	10,735	14,195	600	330	265
Different than province or territory of residence	7,140	3,755	3,380	140	60	80
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,890	940	950	80	35	45
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	815	390	425	35	25	15
Philippines	30	0	20	0	0	0
India	30	10	15	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	435	240	200	10	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	35	20	15	0	0	0
Other	540	270	270	35	10	30
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	42,225	20,365	21,865	1,025	485	540
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	17,860	9,695	8,165	530	255	275
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	24,370	10,670	13,700	490	230	270
Location of study inside Canada	23,255	10,165	13,090	465	215	250
Same as province or territory of residence	18,190	7,565	10,625	390	185	200
Different than province or territory of residence	5,065	2,600	2,465	75	25	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	1,115	505	610	30	15	15
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	420	195	225	20	10	10
Philippines	25	10	20	0	0	0
India	20	0	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	265	125	145	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	10	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other	370	170	195	10	0	15
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	68,940	33,360	35,585	1,775	920	860
In the labour force	39,540	20,635	18,905	930	515	415
Employed	35,045	18,095	16,950	865	465	400
Unemployed	4,495	2,540	1,960	70	55	15
Not in the labour force	29,400	12,725	16,675	845	405	445
Participation rate	57.4	61.9	53.1	52.4	56.0	48.3
Employment rate	50.8	54.2	47.6	48.7	50.5	46.5
Unemployment rate	11.4	12.3	10.4	7.5	10.7	3.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	68,940	33,360	35,580	1,775	920	855
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	26,660	11,335	15,330	710	310	400
Worked	42,275	22,025	20,255	1,070	610	455
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	19,145	10,455	8,695	460	265	195
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	23,130	11,570	11,560	610	350	265
Average weeks worked in reference year	40.5	40.1	40.9	39.6	39.0	40.4
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	39,540	20,635	18,905	930	515	415
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	795	370	425	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	38,750	20,265	18,480	925	515	415
Employee	34,345	17,380	16,970	710	385	325
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	4,410	2,895	1,515	225	130	95
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	39,540	20,635	18,905	935	515	415
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	790	370	425	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	38,745	20,265	18,480	925	510	415
0 Management occupations	3,490	2,105	1,390	125	65	60
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	4,520	1,010	3,505	115	25	85
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	1,470	1,155	315	15	10	10
3 Health occupations	3,035	375	2,655	50	10	45
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,490	1,720	2,775	50	15	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	660	235	430	10	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	8,740	3,030	5,715	170	45	130
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	5,850	5,550	300	260	230	30
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,895	3,420	475	85	70	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,600	1,675	925	55	35	20
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	39,540	20,640	18,905	935	515	415
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	790	370	425	0	10	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	38,750	20,265	18,480	925	515	415
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	4,280	3,530	750	80	45	30
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	165	160	0	70	60	10
22 Utilities	85	70	10	10	0	0
23 Construction	2,595	2,395	200	110	95	10
31-33 Manufacturing	3,780	2,610	1,170	110	95	20
41 Wholesale trade	960	690	270	25	10	15
44-45 Retail trade	5,545	2,410	3,135	100	35	65
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	1,315	985	325	40	20	20
51 Information and cultural industries	340	150	190	10	10	0
52 Finance and insurance	805	205	600	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	350	190	155	20	0	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	1,300	630	670	45	25	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	10	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,205	705	500	30	10	20
61 Educational services	2,465	725	1,735	40	0	35
62 Health care and social assistance	5,385	755	4,635	55	0	50
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	570	235	335	30	15	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,310	615	1,690	80	30	55
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,695	825	870	40	20	15
91 Public administration	3,610	2,380	1,230	30	20	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	35,040	18,095	16,950	860	460	400
Worked at home	2,595	1,270	1,325	65	30	35
Worked outside Canada	135	115	15	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,165	4,255	915	100	70	30
Worked at usual place	27,145	12,455	14,690	695	365	335
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	27,150	12,455	14,690	700	360	335
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	12,830	6,280	6,545	40	10	30
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	9,475	3,665	5,815	525	280	245
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	4,570	2,340	2,230	125	70	55
Commute to a different province or territory	270	165	100	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	32,315	16,710	15,605	795	430	360
Car, truck, van - as a driver	27,900	14,325	13,575	700	380	320
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	2,220	1,145	1,080	35	10	20
Public transit	300	175	125	0	0	0
Walked	1,370	670	705	30	20	10
Bicycle	130	115	15	0	0	0
Other method	390	280	110	35	20	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	32,310	16,705	15,605	795	430	365
Less than 15 minutes	14,740	7,385	7,350	355	155	195
15 to 29 minutes	11,105	5,505	5,595	225	130	95
30 to 44 minutes	3,830	2,135	1,690	70	45	25
45 to 59 minutes	1,285	690	595	65	50	20
60 minutes and over	1,360	990	375	80	50	30
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	32,310	16,705	15,605	795	435	365
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,820	1,245	575	95	70	20
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,840	3,420	2,415	110	70	40
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	10,640	5,740	4,895	205	95	110
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	6,355	2,255	4,105	170	50	125
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	2,410	860	1,545	65	25	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,250	3,185	2,060	155	125	30
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	43,455	22,625	20,830	1,095	620	480
Single responses	42,815	22,330	20,485	1,090	615	480
Official languages	42,780	22,310	20,470	1,090	615	475
English	39,780	20,710	19,075	1,095	615	480
French	3,000	1,605	1,395	0	0	0
Non-official languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	15	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	635	295	350	0	0	0
English and French	630	290	340	0	0	0
English and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	43,455	22,625	20,830	1,095	620	480
None	38,315	20,045	18,270	1,085	610	475
English	2,105	1,165	945	0	0	0
French	2,960	1,385	1,580	0	0	0
Non-official language	65	30	35	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	60	30	30	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	10	10	10	10	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	79,310	38,740	40,570	1,885	1,000	885
Non-movers	70,605	34,575	36,030	1,725	905	815
Movers	8,700	4,160	4,540	160	90	70
Non-migrants	3,845	1,870	1,975	30	20	10
Migrants	4,860	2,295	2,565	130	75	60
Internal migrants	4,630	2,165	2,455	125	65	65
Intraprovincial migrants	2,800	1,225	1,580	110	60	50
Interprovincial migrants	1,825	945	880	20	10	10
External migrants	230	125	110	10	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	76,620	37,310	39,305	1,855	975	880
Non-movers	53,890	26,560	27,330	1,315	685	625
Movers	22,730	10,750	11,980	535	290	250
Non-migrants	10,030	4,640	5,390	110	65	45
Migrants	12,700	6,115	6,590	425	225	205
Internal migrants	11,920	5,715	6,205	410	215	195
Intraprovincial migrants	6,955	3,235	3,720	355	185	170
Interprovincial migrants	4,965	2,475	2,490	55	30	30
External migrants	780	405	380	10	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. West Nova [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Okanagan-Similkameen H, RDA [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Nova [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Okanagan-Similkameen H, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census West Nova [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Okanagan-Similkameen H, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
West Nova [Federal electoral district], Nova Scotia and Okanagan-Similkameen H, Regional district electoral area [Census subdivision], British Columbia