Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brampton West [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Morden, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Brampton West Ontario [Federal electoral district]			Morden, CY Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Brampton West [Federal electoral district], Ontario Map : Brampton West [Federal electoral district], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Morden, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	130,000	...	...	8,668	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	101,757 ^r	...	...	7,812	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	27.8	...	...	11.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	35,010	...	...	3,636	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	34,307	...	...	3,499	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	2,244.4	...	...	529.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	57.92	...	...	16.37	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	130,000	64,030	65,970	8,665	4,235	4,435
0 to 14 years	30,400	15,655	14,750	1,755	930	825
0 to 4 years	9,735	5,005	4,735	640	345	300
5 to 9 years	10,590	5,460	5,125	600	315	285
10 to 14 years	10,075	5,190	4,880	515	275	240
15 to 64 years	89,300	43,570	45,730	5,310	2,590	2,715
15 to 19 years	9,525	4,950	4,580	480	255	230
20 to 24 years	8,665	4,375	4,285	555	265	295
25 to 29 years	8,605	4,070	4,535	545	255	285
30 to 34 years	10,455	4,835	5,620	635	325	310
35 to 39 years	11,005	5,130	5,875	575	275	300
40 to 44 years	10,605	5,105	5,500	530	265	265
45 to 49 years	9,760	4,790	4,975	500	235	260
50 to 54 years	8,650	4,405	4,245	520	250	270
55 to 59 years	6,740	3,380	3,365	500	240	260
60 to 64 years	5,280	2,525	2,760	470	225	245
65 years and over	10,295	4,805	5,495	1,610	710	900
65 to 69 years	4,245	2,040	2,215	460	210	250
70 to 74 years	2,705	1,330	1,375	345	160	185
75 to 79 years	1,675	785	890	305	145	160
80 to 84 years	920	380	540	210	90	115
85 years and over	745	280	470	290	105	190
85 to 89 years	505	205	305	170	65	105
90 to 94 years	190	70	125	90	35	65
95 to 99 years	35	5	30	25	5	20
100 years and over	15	0	15	5	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.4	24.4	22.4	20.3	22.0	18.6
15 to 64 years	68.7	68.0	69.3	61.3	61.2	61.2
65 years and over	7.9	7.5	8.3	18.6	16.8	20.3
85 years and over	0.6	0.4	0.7	3.3	2.5	4.3
Average age of the population	34.0	33.4	34.5	39.8	38.4	41.1
Median age of the population	33.8	33.1	34.3	38.0	36.7	39.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	34,310	...	...	3,500	...	...
Single-detached house	21,915	...	...	2,475	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	205	...	...	40	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	12,180	...	...	815	...	...
Semi-detached house	6,385	...	...	200	...	...
Row house	4,305	...	...	255	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	1,100	...	...	35	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	385	...	...	325	...	...
Other single-attached house	5	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	34,310	...	...	3,500	...	...
1 person	2,490	...	...	940	...	...
2 persons	5,780	...	...	1,305	...	...
3 persons	6,940	...	...	480	...	...
4 persons	9,285	...	...	510	...	...
5 or more persons	9,815	...	...	265	...	...
Number of persons in private households	129,720	...	...	8,495	...	...
Average household size	3.8	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	99,595	48,380	51,220	6,910	3,300	3,610
Married or living common law	62,100	31,015	31,085	4,570	2,290	2,280
Married	58,210	29,070	29,140	4,175	2,090	2,085
Living common law	3,890	1,945	1,945	395	195	195
Not married and not living common law	37,505	17,360	20,140	2,340	1,015	1,330
Never married	28,410	14,725	13,690	1,420	745	675
Separated	2,280	810	1,470	170	70	100
Divorced	3,520	1,255	2,265	320	135	185
Widowed	3,290	575	2,710	440	65	370
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	35,970	...	...	2,515	...	...
2 persons	10,640	...	...	1,315	...	...
3 persons	9,150	...	...	465	...	...
4 persons	11,155	...	...	500	...	...
5 or more persons	5,020	...	...	235	...	...
Average size of census families	3.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	35,965	...	...	2,520	...	...
Total couple families	30,145	...	...	2,235	...	...
Married couples	28,200	...	...	2,035	...	...
Common-law couples	1,940	...	...	195	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,825	...	...	285	...	...
Female parent	4,805	...	...	220	...	...
Male parent	1,025	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	30,145	...	...	2,230	...	...
Couples without children	7,780	...	...	1,165	...	...
Couples with children	22,360	...	...	1,070	...	...
1 child	7,235	...	...	390	...	...
2 children	10,410	...	...	465	...	...
3 or more children	4,710	...	...	225	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,825	...	...	285	...	...
1 child	2,860	...	...	150	...	...
2 children	1,915	...	...	85	...	...
3 or more children	1,055	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	9,845	4,435	5,410	1,200	505	685
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	34,305	...	...	3,500	...	...
One-census-family households	26,890	...	...	2,445	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	4,490	...	...	1,135	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	22,400	...	...	1,310	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	4,295	...	...	35	...	...
Non-census-family households	3,120	...	...	1,020	...	...
One-person households	2,490	...	...	940	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	635	...	...	80	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	129,760	63,955	65,805	8,590	4,210	4,380
English only	116,955	58,755	58,200	7,935	3,915	4,025
French only	125	55	70	0	0	0
English and French	7,205	3,110	4,095	505	225	285
Neither English nor French	5,470	2,040	3,430	140	75	70
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	129,760	63,955	65,800	8,590	4,215	4,375
English	122,125	60,920	61,205	8,350	4,090	4,265
French	1,255	590	670	90	40	45
English and French	995	455	540	10	5	5
Neither English nor French	5,380	1,995	3,385	135	75	65
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,755	815	940	90	45	45
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.4	1.3	1.4	1.0	1.1	1.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	129,760	63,955	65,800	8,590	4,210	4,380
Single responses	122,240	60,215	62,025	8,480	4,165	4,315
Official languages	65,150	32,185	32,965	6,230	3,080	3,155
English	64,085	31,680	32,410	6,140	3,030	3,105
French	1,065	505	560	95	45	45
Non-official languages	57,090	28,030	29,055	2,250	1,085	1,160
Aboriginal languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	57,085	28,035	29,050	2,250	1,085	1,160
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,425	715	710	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	85	35	45	5	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	75	35	40	5	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,330	675	655	20	10	10
Amharic	85	45	45	0	0	5
Arabic	955	485	470	15	5	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	115	55	60	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	80	45	40	0	0	0
Tigrigna	25	15	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,085	495	595	5	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	50	20	35	0	0	5
Vietnamese	1,020	470	555	5	5	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,265	1,410	1,855	50	25	25
Bikol	5	5	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	105	50	60	5	5	0
Fijian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	115	50	65	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	40	20	25	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	40	20	20	0	0	0
Pangasinan	10	10	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,910	1,245	1,665	40	20	20
Waray-Waray	5	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	205	110	100	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	120	60	60	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	85	45	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	4,330	2,130	2,200	0	0	0
Kannada	110	50	60	0	0	0
Malayalam	795	400	395	0	0	0
Tamil	3,045	1,485	1,555	0	0	0
Telugu	370	180	185	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	15	5	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	43,605	21,650	21,950	2,090	1,005	1,085
Albanian	80	40	35	0	0	5
Armenian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,040	950	1,090	545	290	250
Baltic languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
Latvian	5	5	0	0	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,030	945	1,085	540	290	250
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Croatian	285	145	140	10	5	5
Czech	25	10	15	5	5	0
Macedonian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,190	545	640	10	5	5
Russian	140	60	80	410	220	190
Serbian	110	60	50	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	35	15	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	65	30	40	105	55	50
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	245	115	130	1,435	665	765
Afrikaans	5	0	5	5	0	5
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	80	45	40	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	5	0	0	0
German	140	65	70	1,410	650	755
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	5	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Swedish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	0	5	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	130	65	65	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	34,645	17,360	17,295	30	15	15
Indo-Aryan languages	33,700	16,870	16,825	15	5	10
Bengali	785	380	405	5	0	5
Gujarati	3,065	1,515	1,550	0	0	0
Hindi	3,475	1,705	1,770	5	0	5
Kashmiri	20	10	10	0	0	0
Konkani	80	40	40	0	0	0
Marathi	150	70	75	0	0	0
Nepali	180	90	95	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	19,380	9,750	9,635	5	5	5
Sindhi	145	75	70	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	415	205	210	0	0	0
Urdu	5,975	3,015	2,955	0	0	0
Iranian languages	905	460	445	10	5	10
Kurdish	40	20	15	5	0	5
Pashto	150	70	80	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	720	370	350	10	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	6,435	3,105	3,335	75	25	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,015	485	530	0	0	0
Portuguese	3,295	1,620	1,675	10	0	5
Romanian	120	50	65	5	0	0
Spanish	2,000	945	1,060	60	25	35
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Japanese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	100	45	55	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	1,285	635	655	10	5	0
Akan (Twi)	540	265	270	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	60	25	35	0	0	0
Ewe	20	5	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ga	30	10	20	0	0	0
Ganda	20	5	10	0	0	0
Igbo	105	55	50	0	0	0
Lingala	5	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	35	15	15	0	0	5
Swahili	90	45	40	0	5	0
Wolof	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yoruba	220	110	105	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	135	65	70	0	5	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,385	660	725	35	15	20
Chinese languages	1,360	650	715	35	20	20
Cantonese	645	300	345	10	10	10
Hakka	40	15	20	0	0	0
Mandarin	585	290	300	20	10	15
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	25	35	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	5	5	0	5	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	95	45	50	0	0	5
Lao	85	45	45	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	120	60	55	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	120	60	60	0	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uralic languages	95	40	55	5	5	0
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	5	5	5	5	0	5
Hungarian	90	40	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Multiple responses	7,520	3,735	3,780	115	45	65
English and French	305	135	170	15	10	5
English and non-official language	6,940	3,480	3,460	95	40	60
French and non-official language	110	45	65	0	0	5
English, French and non-official language	170	80	90	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	129,755	63,955	65,805	8,590	4,210	4,380
Single responses	111,220	54,720	56,495	8,320	4,085	4,230
Official languages	78,060	38,425	39,635	7,445	3,645	3,800
English	77,435	38,120	39,310	7,435	3,640	3,800
French	625	305	325	10	5	5
Non-official languages	33,160	16,300	16,865	875	440	430
Aboriginal languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	33,150	16,295	16,855	875	440	430
Afro-Asiatic languages	555	280	270	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	35	20	20	0	5	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Somali	35	15	20	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	520	260	255	5	5	0
Amharic	25	15	15	0	0	0
Arabic	380	200	185	5	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	50	20	25	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	5	0	0	0	0
Maltese	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	705	320	385	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	665	300	365	0	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	15	10	5	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	1,185	545	635	25	15	10
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	45	20	25	5	5	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	5	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,080	495	580	20	10	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	120	65	55	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	85	45	40	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	15	20	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	2,685	1,335	1,355	0	0	0
Kannada	65	30	35	0	0	0
Malayalam	420	210	205	0	0	0
Tamil	1,995	985	1,005	0	0	0
Telugu	215	105	110	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	26,375	13,000	13,370	785	395	390
Albanian	35	10	15	0	0	5
Armenian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	980	485	495	425	225	195
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Latvian	5	5	0	5	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	975	485	495	420	225	195
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Croatian	105	55	45	10	5	5
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	635	320	320	5	0	0
Russian	85	45	40	365	195	170
Serbian	40	20	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovak	10	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	10	20	50	25	20
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	5	5	290	135	155
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	0	5
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	5	5	270	120	145
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	15	5
Greek	30	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	22,750	11,245	11,505	25	10	15
Indo-Aryan languages	22,185	10,955	11,230	10	5	5
Bengali	490	220	270	5	0	0
Gujarati	1,940	925	1,020	0	0	0
Hindi	1,725	835	885	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	20	10	10	0	0	0
Marathi	75	40	40	0	0	0
Nepali	125	65	60	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	13,820	6,865	6,950	10	5	5
Sindhi	65	30	35	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	195	95	100	0	0	0
Urdu	3,720	1,860	1,865	0	0	0
Iranian languages	540	280	255	10	5	10
Kurdish	15	10	5	10	5	5
Pashto	90	45	45	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	435	225	210	5	0	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,570	1,245	1,335	45	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	215	95	115	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,315	650	665	15	5	5
Romanian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Spanish	1,005	480	525	35	15	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	60	25	35	20	10	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	390	185	205	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	190	85	100	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	10	10	5	0	0	0
Ganda	10	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	45	25	25	0	0	0
Lingala	0	5	5	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swahili	15	10	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	70	35	40	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	30	10	5	0	0
American Sign Language	10	5	5	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	25	20	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	870	415	455	20	10	10
Chinese languages	860	410	450	20	10	10
Cantonese	380	170	205	5	5	0
Hakka	5	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	420	210	210	10	5	5
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	10	10	5	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Lao	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	80	45	40	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	80	45	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uralic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	18,540	9,230	9,305	270	125	145
English and French	430	185	245	10	5	5
English and non-official language	17,730	8,880	8,845	260	120	140
French and non-official language	65	30	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	310	135	180	0	5	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	129,760	63,955	65,805	8,590	4,210	4,380
None	97,260	47,750	49,510	7,580	3,735	3,845
English	14,480	7,425	7,060	295	135	160
French	900	400	505	85	35	50
Non-official language	16,535	8,085	8,450	610	295	315
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	5
Non-Aboriginal	16,535	8,085	8,450	615	295	315
English and French	90	40	50	0	0	0
English and non-official language	365	200	165	15	10	10
French and non-official language	125	60	65	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	99,350	48,295	51,055	6,745	3,245	3,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	92,710	45,120	47,590	6,520	3,135	3,385
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,174	36,558	26,723	33,476	41,127	26,471
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	92,715	45,120	47,595	6,520	3,135	3,380
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,866	33,180	25,178	29,719	35,712	24,346
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	81,645	41,325	40,320	6,030	2,995	3,030
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,455	38,646	26,957	31,609	38,935	23,296
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	66,315	27,840	38,475	4,720	2,005	2,720
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,922	708	3,537	5,933	4,464	6,406
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	75,135	38,580	36,555	4,945	2,575	2,370
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	34,318	39,878	29,703	33,291	39,482	26,022
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	98,955	48,155	50,805	6,745	3,245	3,505
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,515	45,095	47,420	6,505	3,135	3,370
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	39,160	45,080	33,530	39,514	46,236	33,252
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,530	45,095	47,435	6,505	3,140	3,370
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,668	38,055	29,497	33,418	38,365	28,811
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	81,420	41,355	40,065	5,955	2,950	3,000
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,036	46,353	33,516	37,088	44,388	29,904
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,995	27,830	38,165	4,730	1,980	2,750
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,502	4,162	6,480	7,662	7,051	8,103
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	75,010	38,610	36,395	4,945	2,600	2,340
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	41,023	46,916	34,771	37,996	44,445	30,825
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	98,960	48,150	50,805	6,745	3,240	3,500
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	37,110	21,145	15,965	2,485	1,540	950
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	50,651	55,939	45,750	45,129	47,732	38,321
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	56,660	61,590	50,131	51,803	56,120	44,811
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	89.9	94.3	84.4	86.3	90.4	80.9
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	84.9	89.0	79.8	72.9	77.9	66.4
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	10.1	5.7	15.6	13.7	9.7	19.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	99,350	48,295	51,055	6,745	3,245	3,505
Without total income	6,640	3,175	3,465	230	105	120
With total income	92,710	45,120	47,590	6,520	3,135	3,385
Percentage with total income	93.3	93.4	93.2	96.7	96.6	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	17,050	7,145	9,900	785	285	500
$10,000 to $19,999	16,195	6,810	9,380	1,100	375	730
$20,000 to $29,999	11,750	5,350	6,400	1,045	385	660
$30,000 to $39,999	10,410	4,835	5,575	960	465	495
$40,000 to $49,999	9,430	4,245	5,180	815	475	345
$50,000 to $59,999	7,700	3,970	3,730	495	315	185
$60,000 to $69,999	5,770	3,315	2,455	390	245	140
$70,000 to $79,999	4,415	2,765	1,650	290	165	130
$80,000 to $89,999	3,200	2,050	1,145	230	130	95
$90,000 to $99,999	2,480	1,510	970	130	90	35
$100,000 and over	4,315	3,125	1,190	275	205	70
$100,000 to $149,999	3,555	2,525	1,025	200	140	60
$150,000 and over	760	595	160	80	60	15
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	99,350	48,295	51,055	6,745	3,240	3,500
Without after-tax income	6,630	3,175	3,455	225	105	115
With after-tax income	92,715	45,120	47,600	6,520	3,140	3,385
Percentage with after-tax income	93.3	93.4	93.2	96.7	96.9	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	17,140	7,190	9,950	810	290	520
$10,000 to $19,999	16,920	7,185	9,735	1,200	410	790
$20,000 to $29,999	13,725	6,260	7,465	1,275	500	770
$30,000 to $39,999	12,495	5,750	6,750	1,160	630	525
$40,000 to $49,999	11,145	5,540	5,605	770	475	295
$50,000 to $59,999	7,965	4,570	3,400	500	305	190
$60,000 to $69,999	5,375	3,370	2,010	370	210	160
$70,000 to $79,999	3,610	2,215	1,390	200	135	65
$80,000 and over	4,340	3,040	1,295	245	175	65
$80,000 to $89,999	1,970	1,275	695	80	55	20
$90,000 to $99,999	1,015	745	270	55	40	20
$100,000 and over	1,350	1,020	330	105	80	30
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	99,350	48,295	51,055	6,745	3,245	3,500
Without employment income	24,215	9,715	14,500	1,800	670	1,130
With employment income	75,135	38,580	36,555	4,945	2,575	2,370
Percentage with employment income	75.6	79.9	71.6	73.3	79.4	67.7
Under $5,000 (including loss)	7,915	3,420	4,495	600	260	340
$5,000 to $9,999	6,265	2,550	3,720	375	155	220
$10,000 to $19,999	10,795	5,140	5,655	625	250	370
$20,000 to $29,999	8,800	4,270	4,530	650	245	405
$30,000 to $39,999	8,530	3,960	4,570	735	400	335
$40,000 to $49,999	7,955	3,705	4,250	600	375	225
$50,000 to $59,999	6,740	3,675	3,065	365	235	130
$60,000 to $69,999	5,070	3,055	2,010	290	190	100
$70,000 to $79,999	4,040	2,610	1,430	220	120	100
$80,000 and over	9,025	6,195	2,830	490	350	140
$80,000 to $89,999	2,920	1,925	1,000	180	120	65
$90,000 to $99,999	2,310	1,420	890	100	70	35
$100,000 and over	3,795	2,850	945	210	170	45
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	34,310	...	...	3,500	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	96,704	...	...	63,344	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	84,733	...	...	55,540	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	2,490	...	...	940	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	52,656	...	...	33,088	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	44,750	...	...	29,291	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	31,815	...	...	2,560	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,524	...	...	77,403	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	87,949	...	...	66,769	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	34,310	...	...	3,500	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	105,587	...	...	73,490	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	90,797	...	...	62,153	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	2,530	...	...	935	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	54,940	...	...	37,620	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	45,166	...	...	32,482	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	31,785	...	...	2,560	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	109,614	...	...	86,579	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	94,425	...	...	72,981	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	34,305	...	...	3,495	...	...
Under $5,000	165	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	135	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	230	...	...	75	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	350	...	...	130	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	455	...	...	195	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	560	...	...	140	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	675	...	...	180	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	875	...	...	200	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	895	...	...	165	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,010	...	...	170	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,260	...	...	330	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,520	...	...	270	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,570	...	...	290	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,580	...	...	275	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,745	...	...	185	...	...
$100,000 and over	16,290	...	...	820	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,815	...	...	325	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,305	...	...	230	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,150	...	...	170	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,025	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	34,310	...	...	3,500	...	...
Under $5,000	180	...	...	40	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	135	...	...	35	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	235	...	...	80	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	365	...	...	140	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	500	...	...	210	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	600	...	...	165	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	785	...	...	235	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	990	...	...	225	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,095	...	...	210	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,290	...	...	195	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,930	...	...	385	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,145	...	...	340	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,290	...	...	335	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	3,355	...	...	230	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,105	...	...	160	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,310	...	...	525	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	5,835	...	...	295	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,315	...	...	125	...	...
$150,000 and over	3,155	...	...	105	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	31,760	...	...	2,505	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	98,438	...	...	77,330	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	86,317	...	...	66,549	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.9	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	4,335	...	...	1,120	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	87,536	...	...	73,472	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,717	...	...	63,360	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	21,985	...	...	1,080	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	106,752	...	...	88,627	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,382	...	...	76,749	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.5	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	4,465	...	...	265	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	69,855	...	...	47,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	63,130	...	...	43,424	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	3.2	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	31,640	...	...	2,515	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	107,632	...	...	86,880	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	92,717	...	...	73,132	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	4,220	...	...	1,120	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,341	...	...	81,370	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	76,312	...	...	68,564	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	21,960	...	...	1,065	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,754	...	...	101,050	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	100,515	...	...	84,402	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	4,405	...	...	285	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	74,708	...	...	57,137	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	66,346	...	...	50,271	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,935	2,740	2,190	1,110	470	640
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,986	40,154	35,408	31,509	35,712	28,672
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,969	35,627	32,218	28,429	30,960	26,953
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	4,865	2,855	2,010	1,100	440	660
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	44,718	47,159	41,249	35,100	35,576	34,782
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	37,403	38,832	35,372	30,478	30,557	30,426
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	129,720	63,940	65,780	8,495	4,175	4,320
In the bottom half of the distribution	63,735	31,165	32,570	5,180	2,515	2,670
In the bottom decile	7,350	3,635	3,710	750	360	390
In the second decile	11,445	5,575	5,870	1,240	565	675
In the third decile	13,845	6,740	7,105	1,160	545	615
In the fourth decile	15,190	7,485	7,700	1,065	535	535
In the fifth decile	15,910	7,730	8,185	965	505	455
In the top half of the distribution	65,985	32,770	33,215	3,315	1,665	1,650
In the sixth decile	16,340	8,025	8,305	855	435	425
In the seventh decile	16,185	8,050	8,135	815	425	390
In the eighth decile	14,575	7,220	7,360	720	355	365
In the ninth decile	12,705	6,350	6,355	580	280	295
In the top decile	6,180	3,125	3,050	340	170	175
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	129,720	63,940	65,780	8,495	4,175	4,320
0 to 17 years	36,090	18,600	17,490	2,070	1,100	975
0 to 5 years	11,715	6,020	5,700	765	410	355
18 to 64 years	83,505	40,580	42,925	4,960	2,415	2,545
65 years and over	10,125	4,760	5,365	1,465	655	805
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	12,125	5,950	6,180	1,400	640	755
0 to 17 years	4,690	2,435	2,260	480	255	230
0 to 5 years	1,575	825	750	205	105	95
18 to 64 years	6,735	3,190	3,545	670	310	365
65 years and over	695	325	375	245	80	170
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.3	9.3	9.4	16.5	15.3	17.5
0 to 17 years (%)	13.0	13.1	12.9	23.2	23.2	23.6
0 to 5 years (%)	13.4	13.7	13.2	26.8	25.6	26.8
18 to 64 years (%)	8.1	7.9	8.3	13.5	12.8	14.3
65 years and over (%)	6.9	6.8	7.0	16.7	12.2	21.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	9,300	4,620	4,680	460	230	235
0 to 17 years	3,355	1,775	1,575	140	75	65
0 to 5 years	1,110	585	525	45	25	25
18 to 64 years	5,505	2,655	2,850	310	150	160
65 years and over	445	190	250	15	10	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.2	7.2	7.1	5.4	5.5	5.4
0 to 17 years (%)	9.3	9.5	9.0	6.8	6.8	6.7
0 to 5 years (%)	9.5	9.7	9.2	5.9	6.1	7.0
18 to 64 years (%)	6.6	6.5	6.6	6.3	6.2	6.3
65 years and over (%)	4.4	4.0	4.7	1.0	1.5	1.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	129,425	63,815	65,615	8,495	4,170	4,325
Official languages	124,200	61,840	62,355	8,320	4,065	4,250
English	124,105	61,805	62,300	8,315	4,065	4,250
French	7,350	3,150	4,205	585	275	310
Non-official languages	73,580	36,345	37,235	2,440	1,135	1,300
Aboriginal languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	73,550	36,335	37,220	2,440	1,135	1,300
Afro-Asiatic languages	2,170	1,095	1,080	45	25	20
Berber languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	180	75	105	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	165	65	100	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,995	1,030	960	45	25	20
Amharic	195	95	100	0	0	0
Arabic	1,410	745	665	35	20	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	245	110	135	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	40	20	20	0	0	0
Harari	30	15	10	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	20	10	10	0	10
Maltese	160	80	80	0	0	0
Tigrigna	30	10	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	1,285	580	700	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	85	30	50	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,195	555	640	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	15	0	20	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	4,070	1,790	2,285	40	15	25
Bikol	10	10	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	175	80	100	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ilocano	205	65	135	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	115	55	60	10	0	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	3,885	1,715	2,175	25	15	10
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	15	10	0	0	0
Creole languages	730	335	390	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	15	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	365	185	175	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	355	140	210	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	5,850	2,920	2,930	0	0	0
Kannada	195	95	95	0	0	0
Malayalam	980	490	490	0	0	0
Tamil	4,360	2,215	2,145	0	0	0
Telugu	625	295	330	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	56,160	28,085	28,075	2,295	1,060	1,235
Albanian	135	60	75	10	0	10
Armenian	70	45	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,395	1,115	1,280	650	335	310
Baltic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	15	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,375	1,110	1,270	645	340	310
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	100	40	60	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Croatian	305	145	165	0	0	0
Czech	25	20	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Polish	1,365	625	740	30	20	10
Russian	330	185	150	570	305	270
Serbian	120	50	65	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Slovak	40	20	25	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	35	10	30	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	30	40	115	50	65
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	465	250	215	1,710	760	945
Afrikaans	25	15	15	10	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Dutch	125	65	60	20	15	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	285	160	120	1,585	690	895
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	10
Norwegian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	130	80	50
Greek	195	110	90	15	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages	44,020	22,180	21,845	40	15	25
Indo-Aryan languages	43,230	21,795	21,435	20	0	15
Bengali	950	445	505	15	10	10
Gujarati	4,365	2,190	2,175	0	0	0
Hindi	14,515	7,245	7,265	0	0	0
Kashmiri	90	40	45	0	0	0
Konkani	195	95	100	0	0	0
Marathi	345	190	155	0	0	0
Nepali	200	105	95	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	30	20	10	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	25,455	13,010	12,440	0	0	0
Sindhi	230	115	115	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	635	350	285	0	0	0
Urdu	9,220	4,625	4,590	10	0	10
Iranian languages	975	460	510	15	0	10
Kurdish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pashto	300	135	170	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	735	360	375	15	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	175	80	95	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	9,070	4,445	4,630	150	75	75
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	1,615	855	755	0	0	0
Portuguese	4,570	2,235	2,335	40	20	20
Romanian	145	75	65	0	0	0
Spanish	3,055	1,430	1,620	115	55	55
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	75	30	45	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	120	45	70	30	20	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	2,585	1,305	1,285	20	15	0
Akan (Twi)	840	420	420	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	100	40	65	0	0	0
Ewe	10	10	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ga	85	45	40	0	0	0
Ganda	40	20	20	0	0	0
Igbo	150	85	65	0	0	0
Lingala	60	30	25	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	30	0	25	0	0	0
Shona	25	15	15	15	10	10
Swahili	300	180	120	0	0	0
Wolof	10	10	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	790	405	390	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	250	110	135	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Sign languages	100	65	40	10	10	0
American Sign Language	45	30	15	10	10	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	55	30	20	0	10	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,735	840	895	10	0	0
Chinese languages	1,665	805	855	10	0	10
Cantonese	830	370	460	10	0	0
Hakka	25	0	20	0	0	0
Mandarin	935	465	470	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	55	35	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	15	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	70	35	40	0	0	0
Burmese	15	10	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	55	25	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	130	70	60	10	0	10
Lao	115	60	55	10	0	10
Thai	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	100	60	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	95	60	40	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	165	70	95	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	150	70	80	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	105	35	65	10	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	129,420	63,815	65,615	8,495	4,175	4,320
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	112,600	55,640	56,960	7,640	3,715	3,925
Canadian citizens aged under 18	34,060	17,605	16,460	1,880	1,000	880
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	78,540	38,040	40,500	5,760	2,715	3,045
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	16,825	8,175	8,650	855	455	395
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	129,425	63,810	65,610	8,495	4,175	4,325
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	57,920	29,090	28,830	7,045	3,400	3,650
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	70,010	34,035	35,975	1,335	705	635
Before 1981	8,990	4,230	4,755	255	130	125
1981 to 1990	8,995	4,365	4,635	55	25	30
1991 to 2000	17,880	8,720	9,160	115	65	45
2001 to 2010	25,200	12,440	12,755	510	265	245
2001 to 2005	13,090	6,360	6,725	135	70	65
2006 to 2010	12,110	6,075	6,035	380	195	180
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	8,945	4,270	4,675	405	220	190
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,490	685	805	115	70	40
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	70,010	34,035	35,975	1,340	705	635
Under 5 years	6,035	3,085	2,945	205	115	85
5 to 14 years	11,445	5,680	5,765	360	170	185
15 to 24 years	16,630	7,295	9,335	200	110	85
25 to 44 years	27,735	14,120	13,615	420	215	200
45 years and over	8,170	3,855	4,315	155	90	70
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	70,010	34,040	35,975	1,335	705	635
Americas	15,825	7,200	8,625	430	240	190
Brazil	160	75	90	0	0	10
Colombia	205	90	115	0	0	0
El Salvador	210	110	95	0	0	0
Guyana	3,095	1,515	1,585	0	0	0
Haiti	110	65	45	0	0	0
Jamaica	6,965	2,955	4,005	10	10	0
Mexico	95	40	60	300	165	135
Peru	100	40	55	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	2,125	990	1,130	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	815	400	415	60	35	25
Other places of birth in Americas	1,950	920	1,030	50	35	15
Europe	6,860	3,300	3,555	525	270	255
Bosnia and Herzegovina	105	50	60	0	0	0
Croatia	145	50	95	0	0	0
France	65	20	40	10	0	10
Germany	150	85	60	180	95	85
Greece	75	45	35	0	0	0
Hungary	55	15	40	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	70	25	45	0	0	0
Italy	645	350	300	0	0	0
Netherlands	45	20	20	10	10	10
Poland	975	445	530	10	10	0
Portugal	2,525	1,260	1,260	10	0	10
Romania	105	55	55	0	0	0
Russian Federation	110	40	75	150	70	80
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	50	30	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	95	40	55	90	50	40
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,110	515	590	40	25	15
Other places of birth in Europe	535	260	270	30	15	15
Africa	4,425	2,200	2,225	60	40	15
Algeria	15	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	180	85	90	10	10	10
Ethiopia	160	85	75	10	0	0
Kenya	310	180	135	0	0	0
Morocco	60	25	35	0	0	0
Nigeria	1,415	720	695	0	0	0
Somalia	85	40	45	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	110	50	65	15	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	2,070	1,000	1,070	25	15	10
Asia	42,750	21,260	21,485	310	145	170
Afghanistan	520	245	275	0	0	0
Bangladesh	585	270	315	15	0	15
China^{Census data footnote 59}	755	340	415	10	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	175	75	100	0	0	0
India	24,570	12,360	12,210	10	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	95	50	40	15	0	10
Iraq	355	185	165	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Lebanon	155	90	70	0	0	0
Pakistan	5,585	2,840	2,745	0	0	0
Philippines	4,005	1,765	2,240	25	15	15
Sri Lanka	2,870	1,475	1,390	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	55	30	20	0	0	0
Taiwan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Viet Nam	1,015	465	540	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,870	1,005	865	240	115	120
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	155	80	80	0	10	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	8,945	4,270	4,675	405	215	190
Americas	1,285	645	640	75	45	30
Brazil	30	15	20	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haiti	40	25	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	645	315	330	0	0	0
Mexico	30	20	0	55	30	25
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	200	110	90	0	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	330	165	165	0	0	0
Europe	230	105	120	175	95	85
France	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	20	15	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	10	10	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	35	15	20	90	50	45
Ukraine	0	10	0	40	20	25
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	20	10	15	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	125	60	65	20	10	10
Africa	745	355	390	0	10	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	40	25	15	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	40	20	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	15	10	10	0	0	0
Egypt	40	20	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	20	10	20	0	0	0
Nigeria	355	170	190	10	0	0
Somalia	0	10	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	205	100	105	0	0	0
Asia	6,665	3,140	3,525	145	75	70
Afghanistan	50	20	30	0	0	0
Bangladesh	100	45	55	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	95	30	65	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	4,600	2,195	2,405	0	10	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	20	10	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nepal	50	20	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	785	380	405	0	0	0
Philippines	450	180	270	15	10	10
Saudi Arabia	40	15	20	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	245	125	120	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	10	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	70	35	35	0	0	0
Viet Nam	40	15	30	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	95	50	40	115	60	55
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	25	20	0	0	0	0
Australia	25	25	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	129,420	63,810	65,610	8,500	4,175	4,325
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	71,785	34,885	36,890	1,475	790	685
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	44,370	22,270	22,095	1,325	590	735
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	13,275	6,655	6,625	5,700	2,790	2,905
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	61,840	30,210	31,630	1,100	590	515
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	25,900	13,495	12,410	835	435	400
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	9,810	7,035	2,770	265	205	65
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	16,095	6,460	9,635	570	235	335
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	29,100	12,995	16,105	210	125	85
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	6,275	3,445	2,835	35	20	15
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	570	285	285	20	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	129,420	63,815	65,610	8,495	4,170	4,320
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	740	345	395	335	180	155
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	660	300	360	335	180	160
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	360	170	195	170	70	105
Métis	270	120	150	165	115	50
Inuk (Inuit)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	45	15	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	40	25	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	128,680	63,465	65,215	8,160	3,995	4,165
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	129,425	63,815	65,610	8,495	4,175	4,325
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	185	80	105	115	35	75
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	129,240	63,735	65,505	8,380	4,135	4,245
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	129,420	63,815	65,610	8,500	4,175	4,325
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	105	40	70	105	45	65
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	105	40	65	105	35	65
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	100	40	60	75	30	40
Métis single ancestry	10	0	10	30	0	20
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,085	490	600	365	185	180
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,035	455	580	340	170	175
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	765	330	440	65	35	35
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	220	100	120	270	140	130
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	25	20	0	0	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	50	35	15	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	20	15	10	20	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	128,230	63,290	64,945	8,025	3,945	4,080
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	129,420	63,810	65,610	8,495	4,175	4,320
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	101,915	50,040	51,875	260	165	95
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	56,145	28,345	27,800	25	10	15
Chinese	2,130	1,035	1,090	0	0	10
Black	24,405	11,345	13,060	95	85	10
Filipino	5,870	2,770	3,095	35	20	15
Latin American	2,715	1,350	1,360	30	20	15
Arab	1,250	640	610	10	10	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,820	925	890	10	0	10
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	895	435	465	20	10	10
Korean	145	65	85	35	20	10
Japanese	85	50	40	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	3,970	1,885	2,085	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	2,490	1,195	1,295	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	27,510	13,770	13,735	8,235	4,015	4,225
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	129,420	63,810	65,610	8,495	4,175	4,325
North American Aboriginal origins	1,190	525	665	470	230	240
First Nations (North American Indian)	905	390	510	165	80	80
Inuit	75	40	35	10	0	0
Métis	265	125	135	325	165	155
Other North American origins	12,780	6,365	6,410	2,485	1,165	1,320
Acadian	50	25	25	0	0	0
American	500	255	250	85	35	45
Canadian	12,305	6,120	6,180	2,435	1,155	1,290
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	95	60	35	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	15	0	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	30,540	15,065	15,480	6,825	3,300	3,530
British Isles origins	12,050	5,980	6,070	2,580	1,250	1,330
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	6,925	3,540	3,385	1,675	855	820
Irish	4,540	2,180	2,355	935	395	540
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish	4,600	2,235	2,360	1,250	615	640
Welsh	465	285	180	95	35	55
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	965	425	535	75	20	50
French origins	2,365	1,195	1,175	700	355	345
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,365	1,195	1,170	700	355	345
Western European origins (except French origins)	3,515	1,790	1,725	3,810	1,860	1,950
Austrian	220	105	110	45	25	25
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	90	55	35	165	80	85
Dutch	1,105	565	540	900	440	460
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	15	10	10	0	0	0
German	2,220	1,140	1,080	3,035	1,475	1,565
Luxembourger	0	0	10	0	0	0
Swiss	125	65	65	50	35	10
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	320	150	170	380	205	180
Danish	40	20	20	25	20	10
Finnish	70	25	40	15	10	10
Icelandic	10	10	10	205	115	95
Norwegian	65	25	40	85	35	55
Swedish	95	50	45	90	45	45
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	35	20	15	10	10	0
Eastern European origins	4,025	1,990	2,035	2,645	1,345	1,300
Bulgarian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Czech	70	35	35	45	20	30
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	45	25	20	30	25	10
Estonian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	500	260	240	40	25	15
Latvian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	70	40	30	35	20	10
Moldovan	15	10	10	15	10	10
Polish	2,245	1,065	1,180	420	205	210
Romanian	190	100	90	30	20	10
Russian	350	175	175	1,555	840	715
Slovak	70	25	45	10	0	0
Ukrainian	920	460	460	915	440	475
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	10	0	10	0	10
Southern European origins	15,580	7,740	7,835	185	90	100
Albanian	140	65	75	15	0	10
Bosnian	145	60	85	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	475	250	220	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	480	250	225	35	10	25
Italian	4,645	2,440	2,210	65	35	35
Kosovar	0	0	0	15	0	10
Macedonian	135	65	60	0	0	0
Maltese	525	295	235	10	10	0
Montenegrin	10	0	10	0	0	0
Portuguese	7,700	3,835	3,870	50	25	25
Serbian	200	90	110	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	140	65	75	0	0	0
Spanish	2,055	875	1,180	35	25	10
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	45	15	25	0	0	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	295	140	155	70	35	35
Basque	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	200	95	110	25	15	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	80	35	50	35	20	20
Caribbean origins	20,995	9,495	11,500	55	35	20
Antiguan	150	75	70	0	0	0
Bahamian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Barbadian	725	280	440	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	100	30	70	0	0	0
Cuban	185	85	100	30	10	15
Dominican	160	55	105	0	0	0
Grenadian	645	325	320	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	165	90	80	0	10	0
Jamaican	14,645	6,550	8,100	20	25	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	45	25	20	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	15	0	15	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	30	0	20	0	0	0
St. Lucian	185	110	75	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,275	1,070	1,205	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	535	250	295	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	2,900	1,305	1,595	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	520	230	285	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	6,050	2,865	3,190	430	235	200
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	120	75	45	0	0	0
Arawak	20	0	20	0	0	0
Argentinian	265	100	165	0	0	0
Belizean	10	10	0	10	0	0
Bolivian	65	20	40	0	0	0
Brazilian	240	105	135	10	10	10
Chilean	110	40	70	15	0	10
Colombian	400	210	185	0	0	0
Costa Rican	40	15	25	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	530	255	270	0	0	0
Guatemalan	190	100	95	10	0	0
Guyanese	2,950	1,395	1,560	0	0	0
Hispanic	45	10	30	0	0	0
Honduran	40	10	25	0	0	0
Maya	15	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	215	95	120	380	200	180
Nicaraguan	65	45	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	60	15	45	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	10	20	15	0
Peruvian	155	80	70	10	0	10
Salvadorean	350	200	155	0	0	0
Uruguayan	145	65	75	0	0	0
Venezuelan	115	60	55	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	235	105	125	0	0	0
African origins	8,710	4,290	4,420	90	70	25
Central and West African origins	3,630	1,800	1,830	15	15	10
Akan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	15	20	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	50	25	25	0	0	0
Beninese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	165	75	90	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	210	95	110	0	0	0
Edo	90	55	40	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ghanaian	1,120	545	575	0	0	0
Guinean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ibo	105	45	55	0	0	0
Ivorian	40	10	25	0	0	0
Liberian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	1,535	780	755	20	15	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	25	10	20	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	345	175	165	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	190	85	105	0	0	0
North African origins	495	255	245	20	10	10
Algerian	15	15	10	0	0	0
Berber	20	15	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	245	120	125	20	10	10
Libyan	0	10	10	0	0	0
Maure	40	25	15	0	0	0
Moroccan	140	75	60	0	0	0
Sudanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	1,215	610	605	15	10	0
Afrikaner	10	0	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	50	20	25	0	0	0
Ethiopian	275	135	140	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	115	75	45	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	135	80	55	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	70	20	50	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	205	110	100	0	0	0
South African	90	45	40	0	0	0
Tanzanian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	85	40	45	0	0	0
Zambian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	70	25	45	15	10	10
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	120	45	75	0	0	0
Other African origins	3,515	1,715	1,800	30	35	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	465	205	260	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	3,130	1,550	1,575	35	35	0
Asian origins	71,075	35,480	35,595	185	100	95
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,435	1,660	1,775	70	45	30
Afghan	885	435	445	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	380	195	190	0	0	0
Armenian	125	65	65	0	0	10
Assyrian	145	75	70	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	390	205	180	15	0	10
Iraqi	265	135	130	0	0	0
Israeli	55	25	25	0	0	0
Jordanian	55	20	40	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurd	20	20	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	350	175	175	15	15	10
Palestinian	195	90	105	0	0	0
Pashtun	110	60	50	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	25	25	0	0	0	0
Syrian	250	70	185	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	10	20	10	10
Turk	245	100	140	10	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	35	0	30	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	170	85	85	0	0	0
South Asian origins	56,265	28,385	27,875	20	10	15
Bangladeshi	470	195	275	15	10	10
Bengali	205	95	110	0	0	0
Bhutanese	15	10	10	0	0	0
East Indian	40,320	20,330	19,995	10	0	0
Goan	65	30	40	0	0	0
Gujarati	305	180	125	0	0	0
Kashmiri	130	60	70	0	0	0
Nepali	190	90	100	0	0	0
Pakistani	6,065	3,035	3,030	0	0	0
Punjabi	5,365	2,795	2,570	0	0	0
Sinhalese	150	75	75	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	3,290	1,660	1,625	0	0	0
Tamil	1,105	585	520	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	2,995	1,500	1,500	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	11,695	5,600	6,095	95	50	45
Burmese	30	15	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	110	50	65	0	0	0
Chinese	3,850	1,920	1,930	20	10	0
Filipino	6,355	2,970	3,385	40	15	15
Hmong	20	15	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	100	40	55	0	0	0
Japanese	195	105	95	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	170	70	95	30	20	10
Laotian	200	110	95	10	0	10
Malaysian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Mongolian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	35	15	25	0	0	0
Taiwanese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Thai	70	40	25	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	1,460	710	750	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	240	100	135	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	675	340	335	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	675	335	340	0	0	0
Oceania origins	105	50	55	0	0	0
Australian	15	0	15	0	0	0
New Zealander	15	10	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	65	35	30	0	0	0
Fijian	45	15	30	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	34,310	...	...	3,495	...	...
Owner	30,720	...	...	2,630	...	...
Renter	3,595	...	...	865	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	34,310	...	...	3,495	...	...
Condominium	1,260	...	...	300	...	...
Not condominium	33,050	...	...	3,200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	34,315	...	...	3,500	...	...
No bedrooms	25	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	510	...	...	315	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,425	...	...	1,030	...	...
3 bedrooms	13,290	...	...	1,075	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	19,055	...	...	1,075	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	34,310	...	...	3,500	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	3,535	...	...	860	...	...
5 rooms	5,620	...	...	495	...	...
6 rooms	7,035	...	...	465	...	...
7 rooms	6,460	...	...	480	...	...
8 or more rooms	11,665	...	...	1,205	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.9	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	34,310	...	...	3,495	...	...
One person or fewer per room	32,485	...	...	3,460	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,835	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	34,315	...	...	3,500	...	...
Suitable	31,310	...	...	3,410	...	...
Not suitable	3,005	...	...	90	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	34,310	...	...	3,500	...	...
1960 or before	635	...	...	465	...	...
1961 to 1980	1,185	...	...	1,010	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,830	...	...	500	...	...
1991 to 2000	4,325	...	...	450	...	...
2001 to 2005	12,140	...	...	270	...	...
2006 to 2010	6,560	...	...	485	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	7,640	...	...	315	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	34,315	...	...	3,500	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	33,630	...	...	3,355	...	...
Major repairs needed	680	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	34,315	...	...	3,500	...	...
1 household maintainer	14,350	...	...	2,015	...	...
2 household maintainers	17,595	...	...	1,430	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	2,375	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	34,315	...	...	3,500	...	...
15 to 24 years	190	...	...	170	...	...
25 to 34 years	4,975	...	...	605	...	...
35 to 44 years	10,110	...	...	600	...	...
45 to 54 years	10,015	...	...	570	...	...
55 to 64 years	5,685	...	...	555	...	...
65 to 74 years	2,395	...	...	490	...	...
75 to 84 years	700	...	...	335	...	...
85 years and over	240	...	...	170	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	34,290	...	...	3,490	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	22,360	...	...	2,925	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,925	...	...	565	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,910	...	...	525	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	30,715	...	...	2,630	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	88.9	...	...	62.4	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	33.6	...	...	8.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,080	...	...	904	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	2,055	...	...	972	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	549,749	...	...	224,481	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	582,326	...	...	239,951	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,595	...	...	865	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.0	...	...	16.7	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.0	...	...	39.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,605	...	...	800	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,459	...	...	795	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	98,955	48,150	50,805	6,745	3,245	3,500
No certificate, diploma or degree	17,480	8,595	8,885	1,670	900	770
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	28,900	14,555	14,345	2,075	1,015	1,055
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	52,580	25,000	27,575	3,000	1,325	1,680
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	4,540	3,230	1,305	545	395	150
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,630	1,800	825	200	115	80
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,910	1,430	480	345	280	70
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	19,025	8,170	10,850	1,205	390	815
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,750	1,310	1,440	205	70	135
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	26,265	12,285	13,980	1,040	460	575
Bachelor's degree	17,955	8,200	9,755	660	280	380
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,640	795	850	190	105	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	505	230	275	35	10	20
Master's degree	5,865	2,900	2,960	145	60	85
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	305	165	140	15	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	71,025	34,110	36,915	4,220	2,040	2,175
No certificate, diploma or degree	7,765	4,020	3,740	635	395	240
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	18,370	9,125	9,245	1,345	665	685
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	44,895	20,965	23,925	2,240	980	1,255
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,595	2,575	1,020	370	255	120
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,100	1,445	655	115	60	55
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,500	1,130	365	260	195	60
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	15,865	6,580	9,280	885	305	585
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,230	1,025	1,205	135	55	75
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	23,210	10,785	12,425	845	370	475
Bachelor's degree	15,545	7,055	8,495	525	235	290
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,420	695	725	155	75	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	465	200	265	30	10	20
Master's degree	5,515	2,710	2,805	125	55	70
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	265	130	135	10	10	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	98,960	48,155	50,805	6,745	3,245	3,505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	46,380	23,150	23,225	3,745	1,920	1,825
Education	2,180	380	1,800	435	115	320
13. Education	2,175	380	1,795	430	110	320
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,225	580	650	20	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	185	145	40	0	10	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,040	435	605	15	0	15
Humanities	4,005	1,380	2,630	140	60	75
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	320	80	240	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	680	135	545	15	10	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	2,340	835	1,500	25	15	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	160	75	85	10	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	130	100	35	45	25	25
54. History	340	150	190	30	20	15
55. French language and literature/letters	40	0	35	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,900	1,685	4,220	245	75	175
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	40	10	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	440	140	300	15	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,165	100	1,065	85	15	75
22. Legal professions and studies	1,140	340	795	20	10	20
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	75	15	65	0	0	0
42. Psychology	825	160	665	45	25	25
45. Social sciences	2,215	925	1,290	75	30	45
Business, management and public administration	13,800	5,920	7,880	455	140	315
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	20	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	975	195	775	35	10	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,800	5,710	7,090	420	135	285
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,585	1,130	1,455	45	15	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	930	315	615	25	10	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	880	420	460	10	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	650	365	285	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	90	25	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,735	2,425	1,315	65	35	35
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,235	2,200	1,030	55	35	20
25. Library science	45	0	45	0	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	405	175	230	10	0	10
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	55	50	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	10,025	9,035	990	595	575	25
04. Architecture and related services	245	165	80	10	15	0
14. Engineering	3,950	3,305	645	80	75	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,000	1,810	190	85	75	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	1,140	1,125	10	155	150	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,745	1,700	45	180	180	0
48. Precision production	950	940	10	80	75	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	490	250	240	140	115	25
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	340	195	145	130	110	25
03. Natural resources and conservation	150	55	95	10	10	0
Health and related fields	6,200	1,080	5,115	660	100	560
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	400	190	205	45	30	15
51. Health professions and related programs	5,725	860	4,865	605	65	540
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	80	35	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	2,425	1,125	1,295	205	95	110
12. Personal and culinary services	1,270	260	1,005	140	30	105
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	745	480	265	25	25	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	400	375	30	40	40	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	71,025	34,110	36,915	4,215	2,035	2,180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,130	13,140	12,985	1,980	1,060	925
Education	1,730	280	1,455	280	85	195
13. Education	1,730	280	1,455	280	85	195
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	965	485	480	15	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	140	120	20	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	825	370	460	10	0	15
Humanities	3,345	1,035	2,315	110	55	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	270	65	210	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	560	100	465	10	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,970	605	1,360	10	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	125	50	75	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	95	70	20	35	20	20
54. History	290	135	160	30	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	30	0	30	15	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,895	1,395	3,500	175	45	130
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	25	0	25	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	360	105	250	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	905	80	825	75	10	65
22. Legal professions and studies	1,000	270	730	15	0	15
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	65	10	50	0	0	0
42. Psychology	645	120	525	30	10	20
45. Social sciences	1,895	800	1,095	45	20	25
Business, management and public administration	12,175	5,015	7,160	350	115	230
30.16 Accounting and computer science	25	15	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	820	145	680	40	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	11,325	4,855	6,470	310	110	200
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,150	930	1,220	45	15	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	740	240	505	20	10	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	730	365	365	15	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	0	25	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	570	305	260	10	0	10
41. Science technologies/technicians	80	15	65	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,495	2,255	1,240	50	35	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	3,040	2,060	975	50	35	20
25. Library science	35	0	35	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	365	140	220	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	50	50	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	8,555	7,635	915	425	400	25
04. Architecture and related services	220	140	85	10	10	0
14. Engineering	3,560	2,945	615	75	65	10
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,680	1,520	165	50	45	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	920	915	10	120	115	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	1,410	1,370	40	120	125	0
48. Precision production	765	750	10	55	55	10
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	405	200	205	120	100	20
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	280	150	135	110	95	20
03. Natural resources and conservation	125	50	70	10	10	0
Health and related fields	5,330	905	4,425	525	75	445
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	300	125	170	45	25	15
51. Health professions and related programs	4,960	745	4,210	475	50	425
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	70	35	45	10	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,850	840	1,010	145	60	85
12. Personal and culinary services	990	200	790	100	15	85
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	510	310	195	20	20	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	340	315	25	20	25	0
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	98,955	48,155	50,805	6,745	3,245	3,505
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	46,380	23,150	23,230	3,745	1,920	1,825
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	52,575	25,000	27,575	3,000	1,325	1,680
Location of study inside Canada	30,225	13,610	16,615	2,535	1,055	1,475
Same as province or territory of residence	28,975	12,975	16,000	2,250	910	1,345
Different than province or territory of residence	1,255	635	615	280	150	135
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	22,350	11,385	10,965	465	265	205
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,150	660	490	55	45	15
Philippines	1,805	725	1,080	10	10	0
India	10,735	5,430	5,310	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	820	495	315	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	325	155	170	0	0	0
France	65	50	20	0	0	0
Other	7,450	3,870	3,580	380	210	175
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	71,025	34,110	36,915	4,220	2,035	2,180
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,135	13,140	12,990	1,980	1,060	920
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	44,890	20,970	23,925	2,235	980	1,260
Location of study inside Canada	25,150	11,140	14,010	1,820	745	1,080
Same as province or territory of residence	24,070	10,580	13,490	1,600	630	970
Different than province or territory of residence	1,080	560	520	225	110	110
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	19,745	9,825	9,915	415	235	180
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,040	595	445	40	25	15
Philippines	1,535	610	920	10	0	0
India	9,705	4,755	4,945	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	635	375	255	15	10	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	285	130	155	0	0	0
France	60	40	20	0	0	0
Other	6,485	3,315	3,170	355	190	160
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	98,955	48,150	50,805	6,745	3,240	3,505
In the labour force	70,915	37,145	33,765	4,615	2,430	2,185
Employed	65,005	34,615	30,395	4,320	2,280	2,035
Unemployed	5,905	2,530	3,375	295	150	145
Not in the labour force	28,045	11,005	17,040	2,130	810	1,320
Participation rate	71.7	77.1	66.5	68.4	75.0	62.3
Employment rate	65.7	71.9	59.8	64.0	70.4	58.1
Unemployment rate	8.3	6.8	10.0	6.4	6.2	6.6
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	98,955	48,155	50,805	6,745	3,245	3,500
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	28,105	11,080	17,025	1,940	725	1,215
Worked	70,850	37,070	33,775	4,805	2,520	2,290
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	37,840	21,545	16,300	2,540	1,565	975
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	33,010	15,530	17,480	2,265	955	1,310
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.9	44.1	41.5	43.1	44.5	41.6
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	70,915	37,145	33,770	4,615	2,430	2,180
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,140	800	1,335	80	35	45
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	68,775	36,340	32,430	4,535	2,395	2,140
Employee	61,845	31,295	30,545	4,065	2,120	1,945
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	6,935	5,050	1,885	470	280	195
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	70,915	37,145	33,765	4,615	2,435	2,180
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,140	800	1,335	75	35	45
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	68,775	36,345	32,430	4,540	2,400	2,140
0 Management occupations	6,255	3,890	2,365	405	265	135
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	13,015	4,460	8,555	555	150	405
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,465	4,315	1,145	175	155	20
3 Health occupations	3,440	525	2,915	425	40	380
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	5,465	1,295	4,170	605	180	420
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,155	590	560	85	30	55
6 Sales and service occupations	15,070	6,120	8,950	900	390	505
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	12,765	11,500	1,265	765	715	45
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	435	340	90	150	115	40
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,715	3,300	2,420	485	350	140
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	70,910	37,145	33,765	4,615	2,435	2,185
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	2,140	800	1,335	80	35	45
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	68,775	36,345	32,435	4,540	2,395	2,140
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	130	85	40	185	135	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	95	50	45	10	10	0
22 Utilities	280	205	80	30	25	10
23 Construction	3,945	3,455	490	350	305	40
31-33 Manufacturing	9,175	5,990	3,180	760	585	180
41 Wholesale trade	3,595	2,130	1,460	125	105	15
44-45 Retail trade	8,115	3,845	4,265	450	220	225
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	8,455	6,265	2,195	160	130	25
51 Information and cultural industries	1,650	1,015	640	25	10	20
52 Finance and insurance	4,865	2,080	2,790	120	50	70
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,240	715	525	50	30	20
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,955	2,820	2,135	190	95	90
55 Management of companies and enterprises	145	50	95	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,955	2,045	1,905	95	60	30
61 Educational services	3,395	840	2,560	415	145	275
62 Health care and social assistance	5,775	805	4,965	735	80	650
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	665	360	305	65	40	30
72 Accommodation and food services	3,455	1,300	2,160	315	125	185
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,390	1,090	1,305	255	120	135
91 Public administration	2,485	1,205	1,285	215	120	95
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	65,010	34,620	30,390	4,320	2,280	2,040
Worked at home	2,845	1,440	1,400	245	85	165
Worked outside Canada	420	330	85	35	15	20
No fixed workplace address	8,675	6,385	2,285	400	325	75
Worked at usual place	53,080	26,460	26,620	3,645	1,860	1,785
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	53,080	26,460	26,620	3,645	1,860	1,780
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	18,485	8,225	10,260	2,075	1,005	1,070
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	17,565	8,825	8,735	1,445	770	680
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	16,875	9,310	7,565	95	70	25
Commute to a different province or territory	150	90	60	30	20	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	61,750	32,845	28,905	4,040	2,180	1,855
Car, truck, van - as a driver	47,820	27,210	20,610	3,430	1,885	1,545
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,060	1,400	2,660	175	80	95
Public transit	8,660	3,695	4,965	25	15	10
Walked	620	235	385	275	105	165
Bicycle	125	100	20	105	90	20
Other method	465	200	265	30	10	25
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	61,750	32,845	28,905	4,045	2,180	1,860
Less than 15 minutes	5,560	2,205	3,355	2,485	1,265	1,220
15 to 29 minutes	17,385	9,000	8,395	1,190	650	535
30 to 44 minutes	18,035	10,350	7,695	200	135	65
45 to 59 minutes	8,265	4,520	3,740	45	30	15
60 minutes and over	12,495	6,770	5,730	120	105	15
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	61,750	32,840	28,905	4,040	2,185	1,860
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,610	4,010	1,600	145	95	50
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	12,320	6,955	5,360	830	575	255
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	14,635	6,995	7,640	1,150	755	395
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	10,145	4,660	5,485	1,055	375	675
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	7,200	3,530	3,675	290	100	190
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	11,840	6,690	5,155	580	285	295
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	73,630	38,420	35,210	4,885	2,550	2,335
Single responses	71,540	37,290	34,255	4,825	2,520	2,305
Official languages	70,345	36,625	33,720	4,765	2,470	2,290
English	70,180	36,580	33,600	4,740	2,460	2,280
French	165	40	120	20	10	10
Non-official languages	1,200	665	535	65	55	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,200	665	540	65	50	15
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	35	20	25	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,060	600	465	60	45	10
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	70	40	25	20	15	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	70	45	25	20	10	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	50	35	15	0	0	0
Russian	25	15	10	25	10	10
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	30	30	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	10	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	15	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	840	460	385	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	835	460	375	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	10	30	0	0	0
Hindi	65	20	50	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	670	405	265	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	55	20	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	145	90	50	10	10	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	90	55	35	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	40	25	15	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Chinese languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Cantonese	40	25	15	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,085	1,130	955	65	30	30
English and French	470	165	310	20	0	20
English and non-official language	1,605	960	640	40	30	15
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	73,630	38,420	35,210	4,890	2,550	2,335
None	68,725	35,705	33,025	4,480	2,370	2,110
English	540	300	240	55	35	20
French	565	230	335	40	10	30
Non-official language	3,750	2,165	1,585	310	135	165
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	3,745	2,160	1,585	305	140	165
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	10	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	127,530	62,880	64,645	8,390	4,130	4,255
Non-movers	107,770	53,130	54,640	7,075	3,515	3,560
Movers	19,755	9,750	10,005	1,310	620	690
Non-migrants	12,185	6,070	6,115	720	350	370
Migrants	7,570	3,675	3,890	595	275	325
Internal migrants	5,630	2,800	2,830	435	195	245
Intraprovincial migrants	5,185	2,575	2,605	340	160	185
Interprovincial migrants	450	225	225	95	35	60
External migrants	1,935	875	1,060	160	80	75
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	119,780	58,845	60,940	7,855	3,850	4,010
Non-movers	61,325	30,185	31,145	4,465	2,215	2,245
Movers	58,460	28,660	29,795	3,395	1,635	1,760
Non-migrants	34,570	17,110	17,460	1,525	710	815
Migrants	23,890	11,555	12,335	1,870	920	945
Internal migrants	15,930	7,855	8,080	1,420	670	750
Intraprovincial migrants	15,050	7,410	7,645	1,150	550	600
Interprovincial migrants	885	445	440	275	125	150
External migrants	7,960	3,705	4,255	445	250	200

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

Return to footnote 181 referrer

Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Brampton West [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Morden, CY [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 11, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brampton West [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Morden, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Brampton West [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Morden, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Brampton West [Federal electoral district], Ontario and Morden, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba