Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Oakland-Wawanesa, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Vancouver Granville British Columbia [Federal electoral district]			Oakland-Wawanesa, MU Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Map : Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia Change geography 1			Data quality : Oakland-Wawanesa, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	103,456	...	...	1,690	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	99,886	...	...	1,618^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	3.6	...	...	4.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	51,261	...	...	655	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	48,329	...	...	611	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	4,620.3	...	...	2.9	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	22.39	...	...	576.68	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	103,455	48,295	55,165	1,690	860	830
0 to 14 years	11,500	6,035	5,455	355	190	170
0 to 4 years	4,145	2,185	1,955	120	60	55
5 to 9 years	3,645	1,895	1,750	135	70	65
10 to 14 years	3,710	1,955	1,750	105	60	50
15 to 64 years	75,585	35,250	40,335	1,080	540	535
15 to 19 years	4,725	2,315	2,410	100	50	50
20 to 24 years	7,150	3,315	3,835	70	35	30
25 to 29 years	10,350	4,810	5,540	100	45	50
30 to 34 years	9,940	4,810	5,130	110	50	55
35 to 39 years	7,865	3,725	4,145	115	55	60
40 to 44 years	7,020	3,260	3,760	100	50	50
45 to 49 years	8,070	3,645	4,425	105	50	50
50 to 54 years	7,765	3,615	4,150	120	60	55
55 to 59 years	6,715	3,020	3,695	140	75	70
60 to 64 years	5,980	2,725	3,255	120	60	60
65 years and over	16,375	7,005	9,370	255	120	135
65 to 69 years	5,530	2,480	3,050	90	45	40
70 to 74 years	3,420	1,520	1,900	65	30	35
75 to 79 years	2,630	1,130	1,495	50	30	20
80 to 84 years	2,125	935	1,185	15	10	10
85 years and over	2,680	940	1,740	35	10	20
85 to 89 years	1,470	570	905	20	10	10
90 to 94 years	865	285	585	5	5	5
95 to 99 years	285	80	205	0	0	0
100 years and over	60	10	50	5	0	5
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	11.1	12.5	9.9	21.0	22.1	20.5
15 to 64 years	73.1	73.0	73.1	63.9	62.8	64.5
65 years and over	15.8	14.5	17.0	15.1	14.0	16.3
85 years and over	2.6	1.9	3.2	2.1	1.2	2.4
Average age of the population	41.7	40.6	42.8	39.5	38.9	40.2
Median age of the population	40.2	38.7	41.5	39.9	39.5	40.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	48,330	...	...	610	...	...
Single-detached house	8,960	...	...	520	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	7,665	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	31,695	...	...	25	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,025	...	...	10	...	...
Row house	1,660	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	4,410	...	...	5	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	24,490	...	...	15	...	...
Other single-attached house	110	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	5	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	48,330	...	...	615	...	...
1 person	19,275	...	...	125	...	...
2 persons	15,790	...	...	265	...	...
3 persons	6,205	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	4,645	...	...	95	...	...
5 or more persons	2,415	...	...	50	...	...
Number of persons in private households	101,580	...	...	1,540	...	...
Average household size	2.1	...	...	2.5	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	91,960	42,255	49,705	1,335	665	670
Married or living common law	47,755	23,605	24,150	930	465	465
Married	38,290	18,815	19,480	820	410	410
Living common law	9,465	4,790	4,675	105	55	50
Not married and not living common law	44,205	18,650	25,555	405	200	205
Never married	32,480	15,325	17,155	260	145	115
Separated	1,890	710	1,175	20	15	5
Divorced	5,875	1,880	3,990	60	30	25
Widowed	3,965	730	3,235	65	10	55
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	26,745	...	...	470	...	...
2 persons	15,015	...	...	260	...	...
3 persons	5,945	...	...	70	...	...
4 persons	4,550	...	...	95	...	...
5 or more persons	1,235	...	...	45	...	...
Average size of census families	2.7	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	26,740	...	...	470	...	...
Total couple families	22,660	...	...	430	...	...
Married couples	17,930	...	...	375	...	...
Common-law couples	4,735	...	...	50	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	4,080	...	...	45	...	...
Female parent	3,440	...	...	30	...	...
Male parent	645	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	22,660	...	...	435	...	...
Couples without children	12,200	...	...	235	...	...
Couples with children	10,460	...	...	200	...	...
1 child	4,910	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	4,350	...	...	90	...	...
3 or more children	1,200	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	4,080	...	...	40	...	...
1 child	2,820	...	...	25	...	...
2 children	1,035	...	...	15	...	...
3 or more children	230	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	29,045	12,155	16,895	170	90	75
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	48,330	...	...	615	...	...
One-census-family households	25,065	...	...	470	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	11,455	...	...	235	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	13,610	...	...	230	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	810	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	22,450	...	...	140	...	...
One-person households	19,275	...	...	125	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,175	...	...	10	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	102,010	47,695	54,310	1,665	850	815
English only	85,240	40,560	44,680	1,580	810	780
French only	50	25	20	0	0	0
English and French	11,590	4,930	6,655	80	40	35
Neither English nor French	5,130	2,175	2,950	5	0	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	102,010	47,695	54,310	1,665	850	820
English	94,580	44,405	50,175	1,645	835	805
French	1,705	855	850	20	10	5
English and French	670	300	365	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	5,055	2,135	2,925	5	5	5
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	2,040	1,005	1,030	15	10	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.0	2.1	1.9	0.9	1.2	0.6
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	102,005	47,695	54,310	1,670	845	820
Single responses	99,130	46,390	52,740	1,660	845	815
Official languages	57,790	28,310	29,480	1,465	745	715
English	56,190	27,510	28,680	1,445	730	710
French	1,600	800	800	20	10	10
Non-official languages	41,335	18,080	23,255	200	100	95
Aboriginal languages	10	5	5	10	0	5
Algonquian languages	5	5	0	5	5	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	0	5
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	41,325	18,075	23,250	190	95	95
Afro-Asiatic languages	820	440	380	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	5	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	5	5	0	0	0
Somali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	805	430	370	5	5	5
Amharic	40	20	15	0	0	0
Arabic	350	205	145	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	365	180	190	0	0	0
Maltese	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	10	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	405	160	245	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	390	155	235	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	2,380	800	1,580	5	5	0
Bikol	15	5	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	90	30	65	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	45	15	30	0	0	0
Ilocano	135	50	85	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	190	95	95	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	1,865	600	1,265	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	5	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	160	100	65	0	0	0
Kannada	15	10	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	30	20	10	0	0	0
Tamil	110	60	50	0	0	0
Telugu	15	10	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,140	4,250	4,895	175	90	85
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	80	35	45	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,430	1,075	1,355	15	5	5
Baltic languages	60	20	35	0	0	0
Latvian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,375	1,055	1,320	10	5	5
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	45	25	20	0	5	0
Bulgarian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Croatian	150	50	100	0	0	0
Czech	135	70	65	5	0	0
Macedonian	20	5	10	0	0	0
Polish	420	170	245	0	0	0
Russian	815	365	450	5	0	5
Serbian	325	165	160	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	75	30	40	0	0	0
Slovak	90	35	55	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	15	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	180	70	110	5	0	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	10	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,460	650	815	165	85	80
Afrikaans	50	20	25	5	0	0
Danish	75	35	40	0	0	0
Dutch	205	100	100	0	0	0
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	970	400	565	155	80	75
Icelandic	15	10	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	15	0	0	0
Swedish	70	35	35	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	0	0	5	0
Yiddish	50	25	25	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	325	165	165	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,245	1,125	1,120	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,365	675	695	0	0	0
Bengali	105	65	45	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	35	35	0	0	0
Hindi	275	135	145	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	10	0	0	0
Nepali	10	10	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	725	345	380	0	0	0
Sindhi	40	15	25	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	90	45	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	875	445	425	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	10	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	850	435	415	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,555	1,185	1,370	0	0	0
Catalan	15	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	335	175	165	0	0	0
Portuguese	415	190	225	0	0	0
Romanian	265	125	140	0	0	0
Spanish	1,525	690	840	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Japanese	1,400	490	905	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,220	480	735	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	15	5	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	60	40	25	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	20	15	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	5	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	25,110	11,030	14,085	0	0	5
Chinese languages	25,085	11,010	14,070	0	0	5
Cantonese	11,140	4,890	6,245	0	0	0
Hakka	120	55	65	0	0	0
Mandarin	12,005	5,300	6,705	5	0	0
Min Dong	15	5	10	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	905	385	520	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	310	125	185	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	575	245	330	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	15	10	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	25	15	15	0	0	0
Burmese	15	5	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	125	40	85	0	0	0
Lao	5	5	5	0	0	0
Thai	110	30	80	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	110	60	50	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	100	55	45	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	5	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	345	170	180	0	0	0
Estonian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Finnish	60	25	35	0	0	0
Hungarian	255	130	125	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,880	1,305	1,575	5	5	5
English and French	330	150	175	5	0	5
English and non-official language	2,395	1,075	1,320	5	5	0
French and non-official language	90	50	40	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	70	30	40	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	102,010	47,695	54,310	1,665	850	815
Single responses	95,990	45,030	50,955	1,660	845	815
Official languages	72,100	34,465	37,635	1,505	770	735
English	71,450	34,135	37,310	1,505	765	735
French	650	325	325	5	0	0
Non-official languages	23,890	10,565	13,325	150	75	75
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	23,890	10,565	13,325	145	70	70
Afro-Asiatic languages	405	195	210	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	5	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	395	190	210	5	0	0
Amharic	10	10	5	0	0	0
Arabic	180	85	90	5	5	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	10	5	5	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	190	85	105	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	10	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	170	70	105	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	170	70	100	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	975	390	585	0	0	0
Bikol	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cebuano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	45	20	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	60	30	30	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	825	320	510	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	5	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tamil	70	40	35	0	0	0
Telugu	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,165	1,480	1,690	135	70	70
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	870	395	480	0	0	0
Baltic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	870	390	475	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Croatian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Czech	35	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	90	40	50	0	0	0
Russian	375	170	205	0	0	0
Serbian	175	80	95	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slovak	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	195	90	110	135	70	65
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Dutch	30	15	20	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	130	60	75	135	65	70
Icelandic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swedish	15	5	10	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	50	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	975	475	505	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	490	240	255	0	0	0
Bengali	50	30	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	20	5	15	0	0	0
Hindi	90	50	40	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	5	5	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	255	120	135	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	45	25	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	480	235	250	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	475	230	245	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	970	450	520	0	0	0
Catalan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	55	30	30	0	0	0
Portuguese	170	75	100	0	0	0
Romanian	100	45	50	0	0	0
Spanish	645	300	345	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	765	335	430	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	710	305	405	5	0	5
Mongolic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	15	15	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	17,365	7,640	9,725	0	5	0
Chinese languages	17,355	7,635	9,720	5	0	0
Cantonese	7,220	3,125	4,095	0	0	0
Hakka	35	15	20	0	0	0
Mandarin	9,245	4,115	5,130	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	360	160	200	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	165	75	90	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	310	130	175	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	10	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	15	35	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	50	15	35	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	40	20	20	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	95	45	55	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	10	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	80	35	50	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	6,020	2,670	3,350	10	5	5
English and French	225	100	125	0	0	0
English and non-official language	5,670	2,510	3,155	10	0	5
French and non-official language	30	15	20	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	95	45	50	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	102,005	47,700	54,310	1,665	850	815
None	79,245	37,400	41,845	1,625	830	795
English	9,120	4,165	4,955	10	5	5
French	1,280	590	690	15	0	10
Non-official language	11,865	5,300	6,570	20	5	10
Aboriginal	10	10	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	11,855	5,290	6,565	20	10	10
English and French	60	30	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	255	115	140	0	0	0
French and non-official language	185	100	85	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	90,100	41,500	48,595	1,220	610	605
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	86,955	40,010	46,945	1,170	595	585
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,101	42,127	35,107	42,624	48,427	33,920
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	87,060	40,115	46,950	1,175	595	585
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,782	36,597	31,703	36,775	41,280	29,888
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	80,870	37,215	43,655	1,110	575	535
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,288	43,381	34,366	39,168	46,400	29,632
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	57,405	23,605	33,800	750	320	430
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	1,023	543	1,524	5,648	5,072	5,776
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	65,725	31,220	34,500	995	535	460
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,587	42,388	33,931	37,291	43,187	29,504
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	90,245	41,490	48,765	1,270	650	620
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,165	40,040	47,125	1,225	625	600
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	59,834	71,574	49,858	46,729	51,983	41,266
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	87,270	40,140	47,130	1,225	625	605
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	47,280	54,861	40,823	38,304	41,738	34,734
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	81,090	37,290	43,805	1,185	610	575
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,733	73,871	49,550	44,502	50,359	38,316
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	57,300	23,300	34,005	715	290	415
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	5,070	4,782	5,267	6,424	6,299	6,512
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	65,950	31,500	34,450	1,090	570	520
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	54,486	65,385	44,520	43,251	47,999	38,010
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	90,250	41,490	48,765	1,265	650	620
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	28,175	14,940	13,240	650	375	275
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	60,209	64,769	56,004	57,891	62,829	52,582
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	78,017	88,151	66,583	56,558	59,230	53,001
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	94.4	96.0	92.5	90.0	92.6	85.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.1	73.5	66.1	74.9	77.5	69.7
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	5.6	4.0	7.5	9.9	7.1	13.9
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	90,095	41,505	48,595	1,215	610	605
Without total income	3,145	1,495	1,655	40	15	25
With total income	86,955	40,010	46,945	1,175	595	580
Percentage with total income	96.5	96.4	96.6	96.7	97.5	95.9
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,185	6,105	8,080	135	50	85
$10,000 to $19,999	12,790	5,400	7,385	155	55	105
$20,000 to $29,999	9,695	4,125	5,575	125	55	70
$30,000 to $39,999	8,370	3,620	4,755	130	65	65
$40,000 to $49,999	7,970	3,380	4,590	155	80	80
$50,000 to $59,999	6,615	2,890	3,720	120	60	55
$60,000 to $69,999	5,390	2,545	2,840	115	80	40
$70,000 to $79,999	4,505	2,080	2,425	75	45	30
$80,000 to $89,999	3,585	1,710	1,875	50	25	25
$90,000 to $99,999	2,660	1,335	1,325	35	25	10
$100,000 and over	11,185	6,810	4,370	70	55	15
$100,000 to $149,999	6,310	3,630	2,680	55	45	15
$150,000 and over	4,875	3,180	1,695	15	10	5
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	90,095	41,500	48,595	1,215	610	605
Without after-tax income	3,040	1,390	1,645	40	20	25
With after-tax income	87,065	40,110	46,950	1,175	590	585
Percentage with after-tax income	96.6	96.7	96.6	96.7	96.7	96.7
Under $10,000 (including loss)	14,825	6,485	8,350	140	50	90
$10,000 to $19,999	13,410	5,735	7,675	170	65	105
$20,000 to $29,999	11,355	4,920	6,440	165	65	100
$30,000 to $39,999	10,265	4,385	5,880	195	105	85
$40,000 to $49,999	9,140	3,970	5,170	170	80	85
$50,000 to $59,999	7,005	3,245	3,760	160	105	50
$60,000 to $69,999	5,600	2,570	3,030	85	40	45
$70,000 to $79,999	4,080	2,005	2,075	40	30	10
$80,000 and over	11,370	6,800	4,570	65	50	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,745	1,485	1,260	35	25	5
$90,000 to $99,999	1,815	1,045	770	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	6,810	4,270	2,540	25	25	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	90,100	41,500	48,595	1,215	610	605
Without employment income	24,375	10,285	14,095	225	75	145
With employment income	65,720	31,225	34,500	995	535	460
Percentage with employment income	72.9	75.2	71.0	81.9	87.7	76.0
Under $5,000 (including loss)	8,720	3,650	5,070	135	70	65
$5,000 to $9,999	4,575	1,970	2,600	70	25	45
$10,000 to $19,999	8,080	3,535	4,545	115	45	70
$20,000 to $29,999	6,605	2,940	3,660	100	50	55
$30,000 to $39,999	6,280	2,825	3,460	100	50	50
$40,000 to $49,999	5,995	2,590	3,400	115	60	55
$50,000 to $59,999	4,980	2,310	2,675	75	45	35
$60,000 to $69,999	4,150	2,010	2,140	105	65	40
$70,000 to $79,999	3,540	1,705	1,840	50	35	15
$80,000 and over	12,795	7,680	5,120	115	80	35
$80,000 to $89,999	2,845	1,415	1,430	45	25	20
$90,000 to $99,999	2,065	1,095	970	25	15	10
$100,000 and over	7,880	5,170	2,715	50	45	5
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	48,330	...	...	610	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	68,659	...	...	81,728	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	59,269	...	...	69,312	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	19,280	...	...	125	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	43,684	...	...	43,285	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,270	...	...	36,544	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	29,050	...	...	485	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,693	...	...	92,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	82,577	...	...	77,824	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	48,400	...	...	610	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	107,753	...	...	93,796	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	85,251	...	...	76,885	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	19,310	...	...	90	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	58,446	...	...	49,553	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	47,094	...	...	39,872	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	29,090	...	...	520	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	140,487	...	...	101,296	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	110,583	...	...	83,159	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	48,325	...	...	610	...	...
Under $5,000	1,710	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	955	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,700	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,035	...	...	10	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	1,885	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	1,845	...	...	15	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	1,920	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,825	...	...	25	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,935	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,885	...	...	35	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,610	...	...	40	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,255	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,975	...	...	45	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,625	...	...	55	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,180	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	15,990	...	...	225	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,100	...	...	90	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,075	...	...	55	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	3,730	...	...	60	...	...
$200,000 and over	5,095	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	48,330	...	...	610	...	...
Under $5,000	1,885	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	950	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,745	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,125	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	2,215	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,205	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	2,305	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	2,375	...	...	35	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	2,290	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,275	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	4,080	...	...	55	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,680	...	...	60	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	3,090	...	...	60	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,520	...	...	65	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	2,025	...	...	40	...	...
$100,000 and over	12,570	...	...	140	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	4,075	...	...	80	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,690	...	...	40	...	...
$150,000 and over	5,810	...	...	20	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	26,660	...	...	470	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	97,694	...	...	92,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,191	...	...	77,824	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	11,370	...	...	230	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	98,080	...	...	83,968	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	83,824	...	...	70,997	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	10,455	...	...	195	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	123,712	...	...	108,928	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,022	...	...	89,792	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	3,825	...	...	40	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,030	...	...	47,488	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,000	...	...	43,520	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	26,810	...	...	520	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	144,129	...	...	100,594	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	112,765	...	...	82,540	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	11,280	...	...	270	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	144,929	...	...	98,401	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	112,130	...	...	80,656	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	10,565	...	...	210	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	175,864	...	...	110,528	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	136,925	...	...	90,372	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	3,900	...	...	40	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	70,371	...	...	61,239	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,832	...	...	52,846	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	26,530	11,220	15,305	155	90	70
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	37,944	36,699	38,676	41,856	46,688	31,616
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	33,686	32,627	34,315	36,224	38,784	29,760
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	26,300	11,000	15,300	105	70	35
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	51,382	52,592	50,512	44,313	55,960	21,787
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	41,941	42,403	41,610	35,902	44,153	19,946
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	101,580	47,530	54,045	1,540	785	755
In the bottom half of the distribution	46,910	21,350	25,565	740	370	370
In the bottom decile	15,280	6,950	8,325	85	40	40
In the second decile	9,175	4,140	5,035	120	60	60
In the third decile	7,545	3,485	4,060	180	85	90
In the fourth decile	7,295	3,305	3,985	170	85	90
In the fifth decile	7,625	3,470	4,155	190	105	85
In the top half of the distribution	54,665	26,185	28,485	800	410	390
In the sixth decile	7,525	3,435	4,095	200	100	105
In the seventh decile	7,940	3,710	4,225	195	105	90
In the eighth decile	9,070	4,220	4,850	150	75	75
In the ninth decile	11,000	5,280	5,720	170	85	80
In the top decile	19,130	9,525	9,595	85	45	40
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	101,580	47,530	54,050	1,540	785	755
0 to 17 years	14,155	7,370	6,785	375	200	170
0 to 5 years	4,880	2,580	2,300	125	70	50
18 to 64 years	72,535	33,670	38,865	945	480	470
65 years and over	14,890	6,490	8,395	215	105	110
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	18,885	8,575	10,315	155	75	75
0 to 17 years	2,865	1,505	1,355	50	25	25
0 to 5 years	770	410	355	20	5	10
18 to 64 years	13,455	6,005	7,450	70	40	40
65 years and over	2,570	1,060	1,510	30	15	15
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	18.6	18.0	19.1	10.1	9.6	9.9
0 to 17 years (%)	20.2	20.4	20.0	13.3	12.5	14.7
0 to 5 years (%)	15.8	15.9	15.4	16.0	7.1	20.0
18 to 64 years (%)	18.5	17.8	19.2	7.4	8.3	8.5
65 years and over (%)	17.3	16.3	18.0	14.0	14.3	13.6
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	17,170	7,770	9,405	35	15	15
0 to 17 years	2,445	1,270	1,180	10	5	5
0 to 5 years	630	330	300	5	5	0
18 to 64 years	12,855	5,750	7,105	20	10	15
65 years and over	1,875	750	1,125	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	16.9	16.3	17.4	2.3	1.9	2.0
0 to 17 years (%)	17.3	17.2	17.4	2.7	2.5	2.9
0 to 5 years (%)	12.9	12.8	13.0	4.0	7.1	0.0
18 to 64 years (%)	17.7	17.1	18.3	2.1	2.1	3.2
65 years and over (%)	12.6	11.6	13.4	2.3	4.8	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	102,030	47,770	54,260	1,590	830	760
Official languages	96,895	45,615	51,280	1,585	825	760
English	96,840	45,590	51,250	1,585	830	760
French	11,670	4,830	6,845	80	50	30
Non-official languages	51,270	22,825	28,445	70	35	35
Aboriginal languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	10	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	51,240	22,810	28,435	70	35	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,555	765	790	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	25	20	15	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,545	760	785	0	0	0
Amharic	35	20	20	0	0	0
Arabic	565	290	275	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	0	10	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	915	435	475	0	0	0
Maltese	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	20	0	15	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	510	230	285	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	25	0	20	0	0	0
Vietnamese	495	220	275	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	3,350	1,150	2,200	0	0	0
Bikol	20	0	15	0	0	0
Cebuano	90	30	60	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	35	15	20	0	0	0
Ilocano	225	80	140	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	290	135	155	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pangasinan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	2,995	980	2,015	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	10	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	40	10	30	0	0	0
Creole languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	205	130	70	0	0	0
Kannada	20	15	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	70	45	25	0	0	0
Tamil	85	50	35	0	0	0
Telugu	30	25	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	14,065	6,605	7,460	50	30	25
Albanian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Armenian	90	40	50	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,710	1,215	1,490	0	0	0
Baltic languages	55	25	30	0	0	0
Latvian	30	20	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	0	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,680	1,210	1,465	0	0	0
Belarusan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Bulgarian	115	55	55	0	0	0
Croatian	255	105	145	0	0	0
Czech	180	100	85	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	410	145	260	0	0	0
Russian	975	455	520	0	0	0
Serbian	495	255	245	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	150	55	100	0	0	0
Slovak	115	65	50	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	30	10	25	0	0	0
Ukrainian	190	80	115	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	95	40	55	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	30	15	15	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	60	20	35	0	0	0
Germanic languages	2,965	1,360	1,605	30	25	0
Afrikaans	190	90	105	0	0	0
Danish	125	55	60	0	0	0
Dutch	280	130	155	10	0	0
Frisian	0	10	0	10	0	0
German	2,135	985	1,145	20	20	0
Icelandic	25	10	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	90	45	45	0	0	0
Swedish	160	65	95	10	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	100	55	50	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	395	185	210	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,100	1,570	1,530	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,060	1,040	1,025	0	0	0
Bengali	170	125	50	0	0	0
Gujarati	155	85	75	0	0	0
Hindi	695	375	315	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	25	10	15	0	0	0
Nepali	25	15	10	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	1,205	590	615	0	0	0
Sindhi	65	10	55	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	10	20	0	0	0
Urdu	95	55	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,025	530	495	0	0	0
Kurdish	40	25	10	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	990	510	485	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	5,410	2,505	2,905	25	10	20
Catalan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Italian	875	405	470	0	0	0
Portuguese	570	275	290	0	0	0
Romanian	250	120	135	0	0	0
Spanish	4,125	1,880	2,240	25	10	20
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	2,320	995	1,320	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Korean	1,470	635	835	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	140	80	60	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	20	0	15	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	10	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	10	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	30	10	20	0	0	0
Swahili	50	35	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	20	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	175	50	125	10	0	10
American Sign Language	135	25	110	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	45	25	20	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	28,255	12,530	15,730	15	0	10
Chinese languages	28,235	12,525	15,710	10	10	10
Cantonese	14,050	6,340	7,705	0	0	0
Hakka	95	40	60	0	0	0
Mandarin	16,995	7,385	9,605	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	10	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,285	550	740	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	345	155	185	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	510	235	275	0	0	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	20	0	15	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	40	10	25	0	0	0
Burmese	25	0	25	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	175	70	105	0	0	0
Lao	25	10	15	0	0	0
Thai	155	60	100	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	110	60	55	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	105	55	55	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	430	205	225	0	0	0
Estonian	20	0	20	0	0	0
Finnish	60	30	30	0	0	0
Hungarian	355	180	180	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	102,030	47,770	54,260	1,590	830	760
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	87,275	40,925	46,350	1,575	820	755
Canadian citizens aged under 18	12,860	6,820	6,035	385	220	165
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	74,415	34,100	40,315	1,185	600	585
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	14,755	6,845	7,910	15	10	10
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	102,030	47,770	54,255	1,595	830	765
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	55,930	27,275	28,655	1,530	795	730
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	41,650	18,425	23,225	60	35	30
Before 1981	9,715	4,415	5,300	15	10	10
1981 to 1990	5,125	2,160	2,970	20	15	0
1991 to 2000	10,150	4,565	5,580	10	0	10
2001 to 2010	10,675	4,560	6,115	20	10	0
2001 to 2005	4,535	1,900	2,630	10	10	0
2006 to 2010	6,140	2,660	3,485	10	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	5,985	2,725	3,260	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	4,450	2,075	2,380	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	41,650	18,425	23,225	65	30	30
Under 5 years	3,490	1,690	1,800	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	7,555	3,840	3,710	10	10	10
15 to 24 years	7,595	3,420	4,170	20	10	15
25 to 44 years	18,680	7,505	11,175	25	15	10
45 years and over	4,330	1,970	2,360	10	10	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	41,645	18,420	23,225	60	30	30
Americas	3,110	1,430	1,685	10	0	10
Brazil	125	55	65	0	0	0
Colombia	100	40	60	0	0	0
El Salvador	85	35	50	0	0	0
Guyana	20	0	25	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	70	40	30	0	0	0
Mexico	370	165	210	0	0	0
Peru	130	50	80	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	90	40	50	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,700	810	890	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	430	200	230	0	0	0
Europe	6,915	3,430	3,485	35	20	15
Bosnia and Herzegovina	140	55	85	0	0	0
Croatia	100	50	50	0	0	0
France	350	180	170	0	0	0
Germany	485	215	270	20	15	0
Greece	110	40	75	0	0	0
Hungary	205	125	85	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	315	175	135	0	0	0
Italy	170	120	55	0	0	0
Netherlands	125	75	50	0	0	0
Poland	300	110	185	0	0	0
Portugal	75	35	40	0	0	0
Romania	245	115	130	0	0	0
Russian Federation	405	160	245	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	330	160	175	0	0	0
Ukraine	190	110	80	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	2,325	1,190	1,135	10	0	10
Other places of birth in Europe	1,035	515	520	0	0	0
Africa	1,145	605	540	0	0	10
Algeria	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	35	25	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	55	25	35	0	0	0
Kenya	100	50	50	0	0	0
Morocco	50	30	25	0	0	0
Nigeria	30	15	15	0	0	0
Somalia	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	510	270	240	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	340	180	160	0	0	0
Asia	29,885	12,640	17,245	15	10	10
Afghanistan	30	15	15	0	0	0
Bangladesh	55	30	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	12,000	5,135	6,865	15	10	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	5,160	2,220	2,945	0	0	0
India	1,005	485	525	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	785	405	375	0	0	0
Iraq	125	50	75	0	0	0
Japan	900	265	635	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	1,070	440	635	0	0	0
Lebanon	75	35	40	0	0	0
Pakistan	95	65	30	0	0	0
Philippines	3,035	1,055	1,980	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	60	25	40	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	35	30	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	3,255	1,395	1,855	0	0	0
Viet Nam	460	210	245	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,730	780	955	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	590	320	270	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	5,980	2,720	3,260	0	0	10
Americas	645	330	315	0	0	0
Brazil	45	25	20	0	0	0
Colombia	15	0	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexico	115	50	65	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	405	215	190	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	45	35	15	0	0	0
Europe	1,000	575	425	0	0	0
France	105	60	50	0	0	0
Germany	55	35	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	125	95	35	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	40	10	30	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	15	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	35	20	10	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	345	215	125	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	255	125	125	0	0	0
Africa	145	75	75	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	20	10	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	10	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	10	0	10	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	35	20	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	70	35	35	0	0	0
Asia	4,040	1,655	2,390	10	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	2,200	925	1,270	0	0	10
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	125	55	70	0	0	0
India	90	55	25	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	145	75	70	0	0	0
Iraq	40	20	25	0	0	0
Israel	40	25	10	0	0	0
Japan	210	40	165	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	165	40	125	0	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Philippines	600	215	380	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	20	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	10	0	0	0
Taiwan	105	30	75	0	0	0
Turkey	45	20	20	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	20	10	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	75	35	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	110	60	50	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	145	85	60	0	0	0
Australia	90	45	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	55	45	15	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	102,030	47,770	54,260	1,590	830	765
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	47,315	21,155	26,155	65	30	30
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	26,090	12,710	13,375	165	95	70
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	28,630	13,900	14,725	1,365	700	665
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	32,530	14,280	18,255	55	30	30
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	23,680	10,735	12,940	25	10	15
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	8,915	4,970	3,945	10	10	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	14,760	5,770	8,990	15	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	6,875	2,610	4,265	35	20	20
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,285	660	620	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	700	270	430	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	102,030	47,765	54,260	1,590	830	760
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	1,490	655	840	110	45	70
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	1,425	625	800	110	45	70
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	820	365	455	40	10	30
Métis	600	250	355	70	35	35
Inuk (Inuit)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	50	30	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	100,540	47,115	53,420	1,480	785	695
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	102,030	47,770	54,260	1,590	830	765
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	620	280	340	20	0	10
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	101,405	47,485	53,920	1,575	825	750
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	102,030	47,770	54,260	1,590	830	765
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	220	100	120	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	205	95	115	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	180	80	105	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	25	20	10	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	1,900	835	1,065	95	50	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	1,840	820	1,020	95	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,270	565	710	25	0	20
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	550	245	305	70	40	30
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	15	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	60	15	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	60	20	40	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	99,910	46,835	53,075	1,495	780	720
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	102,030	47,770	54,255	1,590	830	760
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	48,875	21,930	26,945	15	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	3,330	1,615	1,710	0	0	0
Chinese	32,015	14,400	17,615	10	10	10
Black	825	425	395	0	0	10
Filipino	3,740	1,375	2,365	0	0	0
Latin American	1,060	470	595	0	0	0
Arab	475	275	200	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	1,095	480	615	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	955	505	450	0	0	0
Korean	1,630	730	895	0	0	0
Japanese	2,060	815	1,250	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	165	75	85	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,525	760	770	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	53,150	25,840	27,315	1,575	825	750
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	102,030	47,765	54,255	1,595	830	765
North American Aboriginal origins	2,115	935	1,185	95	50	45
First Nations (North American Indian)	1,525	665	860	25	10	15
Inuit	15	10	10	0	0	0
Métis	650	285	365	70	40	30
Other North American origins	13,875	6,625	7,250	610	305	305
Acadian	145	50	95	0	0	0
American	1,750	790	960	0	0	0
Canadian	12,605	6,065	6,540	610	305	305
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	35	15	25	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Québécois	50	10	35	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	10	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	53,165	25,730	27,430	1,275	670	600
British Isles origins	34,225	16,815	17,405	960	510	450
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	10	10	0	0	0	0
English	20,620	10,330	10,295	695	380	310
Irish	13,565	6,160	7,400	310	165	140
Manx	45	20	15	0	0	0
Scottish	14,960	7,025	7,935	540	280	260
Welsh	2,295	1,140	1,160	20	10	10
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	2,990	1,465	1,520	30	10	20
French origins	6,885	3,140	3,745	180	110	75
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	6,875	3,135	3,740	180	105	75
Western European origins (except French origins)	13,390	6,320	7,070	380	200	180
Austrian	1,265	520	745	20	20	0
Bavarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Belgian	520	255	265	75	25	45
Dutch	2,780	1,305	1,480	75	50	25
Flemish	60	20	35	15	10	0
Frisian	20	0	15	0	0	0
German	9,445	4,490	4,950	220	115	105
Luxembourger	15	0	15	0	0	0
Swiss	580	310	270	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	20	10	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	5,290	2,540	2,750	85	45	40
Danish	835	430	405	15	10	10
Finnish	555	265	290	0	10	0
Icelandic	480	235	245	25	15	10
Norwegian	2,130	1,095	1,030	10	0	0
Swedish	1,640	675	960	30	10	20
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	240	105	130	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	13,110	6,095	7,015	285	115	170
Bulgarian	170	80	90	0	0	0
Byelorussian	110	55	60	0	0	0
Czech	565	260	305	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	120	45	70	0	0	0
Estonian	165	75	85	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,445	740	710	0	0	0
Latvian	235	150	90	0	0	0
Lithuanian	540	285	250	0	0	0
Moldovan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	4,125	1,880	2,245	105	40	60
Romanian	855	380	480	0	0	0
Russian	3,350	1,450	1,905	20	20	0
Slovak	295	160	130	0	0	0
Ukrainian	4,050	1,860	2,195	195	70	125
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	305	140	165	0	0	0
Southern European origins	7,770	3,715	4,055	20	10	10
Albanian	55	35	25	0	0	0
Bosnian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Catalan	10	15	0	0	0	0
Croatian	630	325	305	0	0	0
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	850	405	445	0	0	0
Italian	3,120	1,590	1,530	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Maltese	105	65	40	0	0	0
Montenegrin	45	20	25	0	0	0
Portuguese	690	310	385	15	10	0
Serbian	670	325	345	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	160	75	85	0	0	0
Spanish	2,030	865	1,160	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	140	50	90	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	20	0	25	0	0	0
Other European origins	2,090	1,020	1,070	10	0	0
Basque	35	25	10	0	0	0
Jewish	1,625	800	825	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	15	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	15	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	415	195	220	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	595	285	310	0	0	0
Antiguan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	60	30	35	0	0	0
Bermudan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cuban	35	25	15	0	0	0
Dominican	30	15	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	140	75	60	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	20	0	20	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	165	95	70	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	20	15	10	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	55	25	35	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	40	0	30	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	1,910	915	1,000	15	10	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	85	50	35	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	75	55	25	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	210	100	110	0	0	0
Chilean	155	80	80	15	0	10
Colombian	180	85	90	0	0	0
Costa Rican	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	35	15	15	0	0	0
Guatemalan	40	30	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	70	45	30	0	0	0
Hispanic	45	20	30	0	0	0
Honduran	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	10	0	0	0
Mexican	725	350	380	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	150	45	100	0	0	0
Salvadorean	100	40	65	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	80	40	40	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	80	45	35	0	0	0
African origins	1,440	720	720	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	160	70	85	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	15	10	10	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	25	35	10	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	10	25	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	10	0	0	0
North African origins	340	180	160	0	0	0
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	15	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	85	45	40	0	0	0
Libyan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	205	105	100	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	30	10	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	580	300	280	0	0	0
Afrikaner	25	15	10	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	20	0	15	0	0	0
Ethiopian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	25	15	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Oromo	25	10	10	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	10	10	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	10	0	0	0	0
South African	315	170	140	0	0	0
Tanzanian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	85	25	60	0	0	0
Zulu	10	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other African origins	370	165	205	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	360	160	205	0	0	0
Asian origins	48,395	21,675	26,715	15	0	10
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,940	1,525	1,420	0	0	0
Afghan	90	55	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	200	110	90	0	0	0
Armenian	220	115	100	0	0	0
Assyrian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	20	10	10	0	0	0
Georgian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	1,135	580	555	0	0	0
Iraqi	120	35	80	0	0	0
Israeli	290	145	145	0	0	0
Jordanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Kurd	60	45	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	310	170	140	0	0	0
Palestinian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Pashtun	10	10	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Syrian	100	55	40	0	0	0
Tajik	15	15	0	0	0	0
Tatar	50	15	35	0	0	0
Turk	275	145	135	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	10	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	125	55	75	0	0	0
South Asian origins	3,495	1,730	1,765	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	85	70	15	0	0	0
Bengali	55	35	20	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	2,985	1,440	1,545	0	0	0
Goan	25	15	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	0	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	20	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	110	75	35	0	0	0
Punjabi	130	65	65	0	0	0
Sinhalese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	90	45	50	0	0	0
Tamil	15	0	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	80	40	40	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	42,240	18,630	23,610	10	10	10
Burmese	35	10	25	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	45	15	35	0	0	0
Chinese	32,475	14,635	17,840	10	0	10
Filipino	4,255	1,610	2,645	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	285	160	125	0	0	0
Japanese	2,535	1,050	1,490	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	1,800	840	965	0	0	0
Laotian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	185	65	120	0	0	0
Mongolian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Singaporean	40	10	30	0	0	0
Taiwanese	2,115	920	1,195	0	0	0
Thai	160	75	90	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	695	325	365	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	35	20	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	55	0	45	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	55	10	50	0	0	0
Oceania origins	865	400	465	0	0	0
Australian	510	210	300	0	0	0
New Zealander	210	105	100	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	170	90	75	0	0	0
Fijian	90	60	30	0	0	0
Hawaiian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Maori	45	10	30	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	48,400	...	...	610	...	...
Owner	23,185	...	...	545	...	...
Renter	25,215	...	...	65	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	48,400	...	...	610	...	...
Condominium	16,510	...	...	10	...	...
Not condominium	31,890	...	...	600	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	48,400	...	...	610	...	...
No bedrooms	1,430	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	18,830	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	13,760	...	...	120	...	...
3 bedrooms	5,625	...	...	280	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	8,750	...	...	200	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	48,400	...	...	610	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	28,925	...	...	75	...	...
5 rooms	5,955	...	...	90	...	...
6 rooms	3,510	...	...	90	...	...
7 rooms	2,570	...	...	75	...	...
8 or more rooms	7,440	...	...	280	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	4.8	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	48,400	...	...	610	...	...
One person or fewer per room	47,300	...	...	605	...	...
More than 1 person per room	1,105	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	48,400	...	...	610	...	...
Suitable	45,085	...	...	600	...	...
Not suitable	3,320	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	48,405	...	...	610	...	...
1960 or before	13,195	...	...	205	...	...
1961 to 1980	12,190	...	...	165	...	...
1981 to 1990	7,325	...	...	50	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,745	...	...	100	...	...
2001 to 2005	2,865	...	...	20	...	...
2006 to 2010	3,115	...	...	30	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	2,965	...	...	40	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	48,400	...	...	615	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	44,750	...	...	560	...	...
Major repairs needed	3,645	...	...	50	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	48,400	...	...	610	...	...
1 household maintainer	31,260	...	...	275	...	...
2 household maintainers	15,945	...	...	330	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,195	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	48,400	...	...	610	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,240	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	10,125	...	...	100	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,680	...	...	120	...	...
45 to 54 years	9,650	...	...	145	...	...
55 to 64 years	7,845	...	...	130	...	...
65 to 74 years	5,730	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	2,825	...	...	15	...	...
85 years and over	1,305	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	48,245	...	...	530	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	30,905	...	...	480	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	17,345	...	...	50	...	...
30% to less than 100%	12,980	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	23,190	...	...	470	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	49.6	...	...	65.6	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	28.5	...	...	7.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,348	...	...	844	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,857	...	...	994	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,197,871	...	...	249,882	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	1,724,518	...	...	270,829	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	25,215	...	...	65	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	7.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	42.8	...	...	30.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,209	...	...	774	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,342	...	...	821	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	90,250	41,485	48,760	1,265	645	615
No certificate, diploma or degree	6,975	3,325	3,650	195	115	80
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	19,845	9,315	10,530	490	265	225
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	63,430	28,850	34,585	585	270	315
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	3,360	2,115	1,240	135	110	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,805	980	825	50	40	15
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,555	1,135	420	80	75	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	13,125	5,485	7,635	240	65	175
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	3,215	1,285	1,925	50	20	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	43,740	19,965	23,780	165	70	90
Bachelor's degree	26,850	12,095	14,755	110	55	60
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,810	1,145	1,670	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	2,085	1,190	900	15	0	10
Master's degree	9,800	4,320	5,480	25	10	15
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	2,190	1,220	965	0	0	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	63,300	29,365	33,930	930	475	450
No certificate, diploma or degree	2,115	1,080	1,035	50	35	20
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	10,240	5,170	5,065	375	210	165
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	50,945	23,110	27,835	505	240	265
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,385	1,540	845	115	100	15
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,260	705	550	40	30	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	1,125	840	290	70	70	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	10,195	4,380	5,820	200	60	140
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,405	975	1,430	35	15	25
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	35,955	16,215	19,740	155	65	85
Bachelor's degree	21,915	9,855	12,060	105	55	55
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	2,270	930	1,350	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	1,620	850	765	10	0	10
Master's degree	8,440	3,640	4,800	25	10	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,705	940	760	0	0	10
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	90,250	41,490	48,760	1,270	650	620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	26,815	12,635	14,180	685	380	305
Education	3,340	695	2,645	40	10	35
13. Education	3,340	695	2,645	40	0	35
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	5,290	2,315	2,975	15	0	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	620	480	135	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	4,675	1,840	2,835	15	0	15
Humanities	5,035	1,990	3,050	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	730	215	515	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,675	555	1,120	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,105	445	665	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	55	25	30	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	340	215	120	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	235	120	120	0	0	0
54. History	680	380	305	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	215	35	185	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	10,625	4,090	6,535	40	15	25
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	280	75	210	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,320	415	905	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	690	65	625	0	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,745	835	910	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	190	55	135	0	0	0
42. Psychology	2,085	550	1,535	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	4,310	2,095	2,215	10	10	0
Business, management and public administration	12,970	5,795	7,180	130	35	95
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	610	130	480	30	0	35
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,360	5,660	6,695	100	35	65
Physical and life sciences and technologies	4,190	2,095	2,095	10	0	10
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	2,145	1,000	1,145	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	810	330	485	10	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	10	35	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	1,145	750	395	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	40	0	35	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,065	1,900	1,170	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,155	1,505	650	10	0	0
25. Library science	285	50	230	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	590	315	280	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	30	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	7,520	6,085	1,440	135	130	0
04. Architecture and related services	1,025	600	425	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,640	2,830	810	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	1,000	885	115	15	20	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	845	810	35	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	730	700	30	65	65	0
48. Precision production	285	265	25	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	905	475	435	45	40	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	470	210	260	40	40	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	435	260	175	10	0	0
Health and related fields	8,680	2,550	6,135	130	10	120
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	640	335	310	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,325	1,815	5,505	130	15	115
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	715	390	315	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,780	860	920	35	20	15
12. Personal and culinary services	1,425	570	855	10	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	10	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	105	70	30	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	250	215	30	15	10	0
Other	20	0	20	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	20	0	15	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	63,295	29,365	33,930	930	475	450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	12,355	6,255	6,100	425	235	185
Education	2,280	485	1,790	35	10	30
13. Education	2,280	490	1,790	35	10	30
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	4,430	1,960	2,465	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	520	400	120	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	3,910	1,560	2,350	10	0	10
Humanities	3,890	1,555	2,345	0	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	580	160	415	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	1,295	450	845	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	895	360	535	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	45	20	30	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	270	165	100	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	175	80	100	0	0	0
54. History	490	295	200	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	140	20	125	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	8,680	3,225	5,450	40	15	30
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	245	65	175	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,165	370	790	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	500	55	440	10	0	0
22. Legal professions and studies	1,420	615	805	10	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	145	40	110	10	0	0
42. Psychology	1,725	455	1,270	10	10	0
45. Social sciences	3,480	1,625	1,855	10	10	10
Business, management and public administration	10,790	4,745	6,045	105	25	80
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	10	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	445	85	360	30	0	30
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,340	4,655	5,685	75	25	50
Physical and life sciences and technologies	3,325	1,685	1,640	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,745	820	925	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	605	260	350	10	10	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	20	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	915	585	330	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	0	15	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,665	1,675	995	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,975	1,380	595	0	0	0
25. Library science	200	35	170	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	460	240	225	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	30	25	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	5,960	4,690	1,270	115	115	0
04. Architecture and related services	865	465	395	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,990	2,275	715	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	760	665	90	15	15	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	640	615	25	30	30	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	505	485	20	50	50	0
48. Precision production	205	180	25	15	15	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	735	385	350	45	35	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	405	190	215	40	40	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	335	195	135	10	0	10
Health and related fields	6,725	1,975	4,745	120	10	105
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	560	295	260	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	5,635	1,415	4,220	115	15	100
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	525	260	260	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	1,450	740	710	30	20	10
12. Personal and culinary services	1,145	500	645	0	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	95	55	35	10	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	210	175	30	10	15	0
Other	20	0	15	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	15	0	15	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	90,250	41,490	48,760	1,270	650	620
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	26,820	12,640	14,175	680	380	300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	63,435	28,850	34,585	585	270	320
Location of study inside Canada	44,165	20,290	23,875	545	250	295
Same as province or territory of residence	32,945	15,025	17,920	450	200	250
Different than province or territory of residence	11,220	5,265	5,955	95	45	45
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	19,270	8,565	10,710	40	20	25
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	3,190	1,655	1,530	15	10	0
Philippines	1,515	405	1,110	0	0	0
India	335	200	140	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	2,265	1,095	1,170	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	3,445	1,405	2,040	0	0	10
France	305	160	145	0	0	0
Other	8,215	3,640	4,580	15	10	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	63,295	29,365	33,935	925	475	450
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	12,355	6,255	6,100	425	240	185
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	50,940	23,110	27,835	505	240	265
Location of study inside Canada	35,975	16,665	19,315	460	220	240
Same as province or territory of residence	26,950	12,320	14,630	375	175	200
Different than province or territory of residence	9,025	4,345	4,685	85	45	40
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	14,965	6,450	8,520	45	20	20
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	2,395	1,215	1,180	15	10	0
Philippines	1,230	320	905	0	0	0
India	240	140	105	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,595	780	810	15	0	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	2,970	1,165	1,805	0	0	0
France	260	140	120	0	0	0
Other	6,285	2,690	3,590	15	10	10
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	90,250	41,485	48,760	1,265	650	620
In the labour force	60,750	29,880	30,870	985	530	455
Employed	57,530	28,325	29,205	950	505	445
Unemployed	3,220	1,550	1,665	35	25	15
Not in the labour force	29,500	11,610	17,890	280	120	160
Participation rate	67.3	72.0	63.3	77.9	81.5	73.4
Employment rate	63.7	68.3	59.9	75.1	77.7	71.8
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.2	5.4	3.6	4.7	3.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	90,250	41,490	48,760	1,270	650	620
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	27,025	10,495	16,530	210	85	130
Worked	63,225	30,995	32,230	1,060	565	490
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	29,245	15,615	13,625	655	375	280
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	33,975	15,370	18,605	400	190	210
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.9	41.7	44.2	44.6	43.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	60,750	29,875	30,875	985	530	460
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	405	510	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	59,835	29,475	30,365	985	530	455
Employee	49,525	23,620	25,905	815	395	420
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	10,315	5,855	4,460	170	140	40
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	60,750	29,880	30,875	985	530	455
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	405	510	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	59,835	29,470	30,365	985	530	455
0 Management occupations	8,310	4,875	3,440	155	125	30
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	10,610	3,805	6,800	175	40	135
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	5,660	4,190	1,470	55	45	15
3 Health occupations	5,335	1,780	3,560	85	10	75
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	8,735	3,170	5,560	115	40	80
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	4,780	2,395	2,385	20	10	10
6 Sales and service occupations	12,090	5,465	6,620	135	55	75
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	3,185	3,005	180	180	155	20
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	405	340	70	40	20	15
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	725	450	275	35	20	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	60,750	29,875	30,870	990	530	460
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	910	405	510	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	59,835	29,475	30,365	985	530	455
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	260	165	95	130	110	25
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	215	150	70	10	10	0
22 Utilities	235	115	120	0	10	0
23 Construction	2,420	2,000	425	70	65	10
31-33 Manufacturing	2,100	1,380	720	40	30	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,880	1,150	730	35	25	10
44-45 Retail trade	5,905	2,720	3,185	70	40	30
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,100	1,435	665	50	35	10
51 Information and cultural industries	3,230	2,030	1,195	15	10	10
52 Finance and insurance	3,335	1,660	1,680	100	25	70
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	2,490	1,285	1,210	10	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	8,700	4,890	3,810	45	30	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	190	85	100	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,120	1,145	980	10	10	0
61 Educational services	6,300	2,370	3,935	80	15	60
62 Health care and social assistance	7,545	2,155	5,390	145	15	130
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,655	795	865	20	15	0
72 Accommodation and food services	4,360	2,150	2,210	30	10	20
81 Other services (except public administration)	2,650	810	1,840	40	30	10
91 Public administration	2,130	985	1,150	85	45	40
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	57,530	28,325	29,205	950	505	445
Worked at home	6,515	3,215	3,305	145	115	30
Worked outside Canada	885	600	285	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	5,755	3,700	2,055	130	105	25
Worked at usual place	44,370	20,805	23,560	675	285	385
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	44,370	20,810	23,560	675	290	385
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30,515	13,225	17,290	135	25	105
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	13,415	7,310	6,105	485	240	245
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	295	180	115	55	20	35
Commute to a different province or territory	140	90	50	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	50,120	24,505	25,615	805	395	415
Car, truck, van - as a driver	23,190	12,860	10,330	740	370	370
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	1,510	475	1,030	15	10	15
Public transit	15,015	6,345	8,665	0	10	0
Walked	6,235	2,325	3,910	30	10	25
Bicycle	3,485	2,125	1,355	0	0	0
Other method	690	370	320	15	0	10
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	50,125	24,510	25,620	810	395	415
Less than 15 minutes	9,110	4,180	4,935	190	65	130
15 to 29 minutes	20,455	10,235	10,220	365	195	170
30 to 44 minutes	13,650	6,595	7,050	175	100	75
45 to 59 minutes	4,400	2,225	2,175	25	10	15
60 minutes and over	2,500	1,270	1,230	60	35	25
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	50,125	24,510	25,615	810	395	410
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,465	860	605	60	40	25
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	5,570	3,200	2,370	145	90	50
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	12,080	5,800	6,275	335	155	180
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,830	6,815	8,015	140	50	95
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	10,310	4,935	5,380	60	15	40
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	5,870	2,900	2,975	70	45	25
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	65,220	31,900	33,325	1,075	570	500
Single responses	63,770	31,225	32,550	1,065	570	495
Official languages	60,645	29,565	31,075	1,065	570	500
English	60,430	29,520	30,905	1,065	570	500
French	215	45	170	0	0	0
Non-official languages	3,130	1,655	1,470	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	3,130	1,650	1,475	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	10	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	15	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	125	70	55	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	30	10	20	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Russian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	15	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	70	35	30	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	10	15	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	140	65	80	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	65	50	20	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,730	1,450	1,280	0	0	0
Chinese languages	2,730	1,450	1,285	0	0	0
Cantonese	875	480	395	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,780	920	855	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	60	30	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	15	10	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,450	675	770	10	0	10
English and French	150	50	105	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,280	620	660	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	0	15	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	65,220	31,900	33,325	1,075	575	505
None	58,375	28,710	29,665	1,045	550	495
English	1,430	645	785	0	0	0
French	860	380	480	25	20	0
Non-official language	4,365	2,070	2,295	0	0	0
Aboriginal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	4,360	2,065	2,295	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	80	40	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	110	50	55	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	101,045	47,225	53,820	1,580	820	755
Non-movers	82,985	38,655	44,335	1,420	745	680
Movers	18,060	8,570	9,490	160	80	80
Non-migrants	11,210	5,325	5,885	45	20	25
Migrants	6,850	3,245	3,605	115	60	55
Internal migrants	4,090	1,895	2,195	110	60	50
Intraprovincial migrants	2,640	1,245	1,400	65	35	30
Interprovincial migrants	1,450	650	795	45	25	25
External migrants	2,760	1,350	1,410	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	97,740	45,485	52,255	1,505	770	735
Non-movers	50,255	23,200	27,055	1,010	520	485
Movers	47,485	22,285	25,200	495	245	245
Non-migrants	26,290	12,530	13,765	165	90	70
Migrants	21,195	9,755	11,440	330	155	175
Internal migrants	11,875	5,375	6,500	325	155	165
Intraprovincial migrants	7,375	3,400	3,975	210	115	95
Interprovincial migrants	4,495	1,970	2,525	115	45	65
External migrants	9,320	4,385	4,940	10	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Oakland-Wawanesa, MU [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 9, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Oakland-Wawanesa, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Oakland-Wawanesa, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Vancouver Granville [Federal electoral district], British Columbia and Oakland-Wawanesa, Municipality [Census subdivision], Manitoba