Census Profile, 2016 Census
M5V [Forward sortation area^©] and New Maryland, Village [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	M5V [Forward sortation area^©]			New Maryland, VL New Brunswick [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , M5V [Forward sortation area^©] Map : M5V [Forward sortation area^©] Change geography 1			Data quality : New Maryland, Village [Census subdivision], New Brunswick Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	49,195	...	...	4,174	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	...	...	...	4,232	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	...	...	...	-1.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	35,058	...	...	1,513	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	30,726	...	...	1,499	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	...	...	...	195.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	...	...	...	21.33	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	49,195	24,955	24,240	4,175	2,090	2,085
0 to 14 years	2,495	1,230	1,265	800	425	380
0 to 4 years	1,520	775	740	210	115	100
5 to 9 years	610	295	315	280	150	130
10 to 14 years	370	160	205	305	155	150
15 to 64 years	44,735	22,780	21,955	2,700	1,325	1,380
15 to 19 years	715	335	380	305	165	145
20 to 24 years	5,085	2,280	2,810	215	115	100
25 to 29 years	12,875	6,370	6,500	150	75	75
30 to 34 years	10,470	5,515	4,955	190	95	95
35 to 39 years	5,700	3,115	2,590	260	115	145
40 to 44 years	3,275	1,790	1,485	285	140	145
45 to 49 years	2,150	1,155	990	335	160	175
50 to 54 years	1,855	945	910	345	165	175
55 to 59 years	1,535	780	755	300	145	155
60 to 64 years	1,080	500	580	320	155	170
65 years and over	1,965	945	1,020	675	340	335
65 to 69 years	850	420	435	315	160	155
70 to 74 years	535	255	280	175	90	85
75 to 79 years	290	145	140	115	60	55
80 to 84 years	185	85	90	45	20	25
85 years and over	115	35	75	25	10	15
85 to 89 years	75	30	50	20	10	10
90 to 94 years	30	10	25	5	0	5
95 to 99 years	0	5	5	0	0	0
100 years and over	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	5.1	4.9	5.2	19.2	20.3	18.2
15 to 64 years	90.9	91.3	90.6	64.7	63.4	66.2
65 years and over	4.0	3.8	4.2	16.2	16.3	16.1
85 years and over	0.2	0.1	0.3	0.6	0.5	0.7
Average age of the population	34.2	34.4	34.0	40.4	39.8	41.0
Median age of the population	31.4	31.9	31.0	43.0	42.3	43.9
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	30,725	...	...	1,500	...	...
Single-detached house	15	...	...	1,325	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	29,625	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,090	...	...	120	...	...
Semi-detached house	40	...	...	40	...	...
Row house	230	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	50	...	...	65	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	745	...	...	10	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	30,730	...	...	1,495	...	...
1 person	16,885	...	...	190	...	...
2 persons	10,910	...	...	580	...	...
3 persons	2,045	...	...	285	...	...
4 persons	650	...	...	310	...	...
5 or more persons	235	...	...	135	...	...
Number of persons in private households	48,725	...	...	4,170	...	...
Average household size	1.6	...	...	2.8	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	46,700	23,720	22,980	3,375	1,665	1,710
Married or living common law	19,255	9,895	9,360	2,390	1,190	1,200
Married	11,240	5,695	5,545	2,160	1,080	1,090
Living common law	8,015	4,195	3,815	225	110	110
Not married and not living common law	27,450	13,830	13,615	990	480	510
Never married	24,010	12,430	11,580	720	390	335
Separated	840	415	425	65	20	45
Divorced	2,185	890	1,295	105	40	65
Widowed	415	95	315	95	25	70
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	10,390	...	...	1,295	...	...
2 persons	8,150	...	...	580	...	...
3 persons	1,535	...	...	275	...	...
4 persons	555	...	...	320	...	...
5 or more persons	145	...	...	110	...	...
Average size of census families	2.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	10,390	...	...	1,295	...	...
Total couple families	9,280	...	...	1,185	...	...
Married couples	5,275	...	...	1,075	...	...
Common-law couples	4,005	...	...	110	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	1,105	...	...	105	...	...
Female parent	920	...	...	90	...	...
Male parent	185	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	9,285	...	...	1,190	...	...
Couples without children	7,340	...	...	520	...	...
Couples with children	1,945	...	...	670	...	...
1 child	1,295	...	...	240	...	...
2 children	525	...	...	320	...	...
3 or more children	120	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	1,105	...	...	105	...	...
1 child	805	...	...	60	...	...
2 children	240	...	...	35	...	...
3 or more children	60	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	24,825	12,770	12,055	290	125	170
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	30,725	...	...	1,495	...	...
One-census-family households	10,210	...	...	1,275	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	7,255	...	...	510	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,950	...	...	765	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	85	...	...	10	...	...
Non-census-family households	20,430	...	...	215	...	...
One-person households	16,890	...	...	185	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	3,540	...	...	30	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	48,910	24,745	24,160	4,175	2,090	2,090
English only	41,055	21,140	19,915	2,825	1,455	1,370
French only	40	20	20	35	10	20
English and French	7,085	3,295	3,795	1,300	610	690
Neither English nor French	720	290	435	10	5	5
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	48,910	24,745	24,160	4,175	2,090	2,085
English	46,430	23,560	22,875	3,655	1,850	1,800
French	1,375	735	640	490	220	265
English and French	385	170	215	20	10	10
Neither English nor French	710	280	430	10	5	10
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,570	820	750	500	230	275
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	3.2	3.3	3.1	12.0	11.0	13.2
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	48,905	24,745	24,160	4,175	2,090	2,090
Single responses	47,195	23,900	23,295	4,130	2,060	2,065
Official languages	31,385	16,505	14,885	3,945	1,975	1,970
English	30,105	15,805	14,300	3,470	1,755	1,715
French	1,280	700	585	475	220	260
Non-official languages	15,805	7,395	8,410	180	90	90
Aboriginal languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	5
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	15,805	7,395	8,410	180	90	90
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,005	545	455	25	15	10
Berber languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	45	20	30	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	945	525	420	25	15	10
Amharic	90	30	55	0	0	0
Arabic	690	405	290	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	5	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	90	60	35	0	0	0
Maltese	10	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	35	15	20	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	280	115	170	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	270	110	160	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	480	195	280	10	5	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	5	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	5	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malay	35	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	400	165	235	10	5	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	285	160	130	0	5	0
Kannada	25	15	10	0	0	0
Malayalam	45	25	15	0	0	0
Tamil	150	80	70	0	0	0
Telugu	60	35	25	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	7,755	3,770	3,990	70	35	35
Albanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Armenian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,065	880	1,185	20	10	10
Baltic languages	45	10	35	0	0	0
Latvian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	5	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,020	870	1,150	20	5	10
Belarusan	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	10	15	5	0	0
Bulgarian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Croatian	90	35	55	5	0	0
Czech	40	20	25	0	0	0
Macedonian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Polish	420	190	235	0	5	0
Russian	900	370	525	0	0	0
Serbian	245	105	140	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	15	15	0	0	5
Slovak	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	115	50	70	5	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	5	5	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	405	230	180	25	10	10
Afrikaans	25	20	5	0	0	0
Danish	30	20	5	0	0	0
Dutch	80	45	40	10	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	235	130	105	15	5	5
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	15	5	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Greek	185	90	95	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	2,530	1,305	1,225	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	1,535	800	740	0	0	0
Bengali	185	85	95	0	0	0
Gujarati	140	70	65	0	0	0
Hindi	475	255	220	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	10	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nepali	10	5	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	270	120	145	0	0	0
Sindhi	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Urdu	340	195	150	0	0	0
Iranian languages	985	505	485	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	15	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	970	500	470	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	2,430	1,195	1,240	30	20	15
Catalan	10	5	10	0	0	0
Italian	305	155	145	5	0	5
Portuguese	595	265	340	0	0	0
Romanian	205	95	110	10	5	5
Spanish	1,315	675	640	15	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	175	45	130	0	0	5
Kartvelian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	595	270	325	10	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	100	50	55	0	5	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	5	5	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	5	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	10	0	0	0
Shona	5	5	5	0	0	0
Swahili	30	10	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	15	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	5	0	5	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	4,735	2,060	2,670	45	20	25
Chinese languages	4,710	2,045	2,665	50	25	25
Cantonese	1,700	735	960	5	0	0
Hakka	35	20	20	0	0	0
Mandarin	2,635	1,145	1,490	45	20	25
Min Dong	0	5	5	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	95	45	55	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	65	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	170	70	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	20	15	10	0	0	0
Burmese	10	5	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	10	10	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	50	20	30	0	0	0
Lao	15	10	5	0	0	0
Thai	35	10	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	0	0	0
Turkic languages	180	100	85	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	15	5	5	0	0	0
Turkish	160	85	75	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	130	55	75	5	5	5
Estonian	20	10	5	0	0	0
Finnish	20	5	20	0	0	0
Hungarian	85	40	45	0	5	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,710	845	870	45	20	20
English and French	220	115	105	40	20	15
English and non-official language	1,350	665	685	10	0	5
French and non-official language	65	30	35	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	75	30	45	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	48,905	24,745	24,160	4,175	2,090	2,085
Single responses	46,505	23,620	22,885	4,130	2,070	2,060
Official languages	40,660	20,900	19,760	4,040	2,030	2,015
English	40,065	20,590	19,475	3,670	1,850	1,820
French	595	305	290	375	175	200
Non-official languages	5,845	2,720	3,130	90	40	50
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,850	2,720	3,130	90	40	45
Afro-Asiatic languages	340	170	170	5	5	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	5	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	330	165	165	5	5	5
Amharic	45	15	30	0	0	0
Arabic	245	125	120	5	5	5
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	15	5	10	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	70	30	40	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	65	30	35	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	125	50	70	5	0	5
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	10	5	5	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	10	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	105	45	65	5	0	5
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	75	35	40	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	40	20	20	5	5	0
Telugu	25	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,405	1,155	1,250	30	15	15
Albanian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	525	230	295	5	5	5
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	525	230	295	10	5	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Croatian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Czech	10	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	55	25	35	0	0	0
Russian	310	135	175	0	0	0
Serbian	65	35	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	10	0	10	0	0	5
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	80	45	40	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	15	10	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	50	25	25	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	5	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	40	20	20	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	785	415	370	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	345	185	160	0	0	0
Bengali	40	25	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	140	85	65	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	35	15	25	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	85	45	40	0	0	0
Iranian languages	440	230	210	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	435	230	205	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	935	435	505	15	5	10
Catalan	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italian	35	20	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	260	115	150	0	0	0
Romanian	50	20	25	5	5	5
Spanish	580	275	300	15	5	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	85	30	55	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	5	0	0	0
Korean	265	130	135	10	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	35	10	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	5	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	10	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,335	1,050	1,280	30	15	20
Chinese languages	2,325	1,050	1,275	35	15	20
Cantonese	605	265	340	5	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,585	720	860	30	15	15
Min Dong	5	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	5	10	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	95	40	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	70	30	35	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	65	30	35	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,400	1,125	1,275	45	20	25
English and French	180	105	80	15	10	10
English and non-official language	2,150	995	1,160	25	10	15
French and non-official language	25	5	15	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	25	25	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	48,905	24,745	24,160	4,175	2,085	2,090
None	37,960	19,460	18,500	3,690	1,865	1,830
English	2,850	1,375	1,480	215	95	120
French	750	380	370	200	90	105
Non-official language	7,080	3,405	3,675	70	35	30
Aboriginal	5	0	0	5	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	7,075	3,400	3,680	60	35	25
English and French	40	20	20	0	0	0
English and non-official language	75	30	45	0	0	0
French and non-official language	145	75	70	5	5	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	46,255	23,400	22,855	3,375	1,665	1,710
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,320	23,055	22,265	3,220	1,585	1,635
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,970	59,247	47,964	46,025	58,709	35,883
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	45,325	23,060	22,265	3,220	1,585	1,635
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,581	49,909	41,955	39,851	49,408	31,808
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	42,795	21,835	20,965	3,050	1,535	1,515
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,234	61,819	49,513	43,404	54,579	32,841
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	24,210	11,435	12,770	1,990	785	1,200
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	422	413	457	6,504	8,352	5,320
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	40,140	20,575	19,565	2,410	1,250	1,160
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	55,484	61,581	50,174	42,992	51,584	36,480
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	46,200	23,385	22,820	3,375	1,645	1,730
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,275	23,060	22,215	3,240	1,580	1,660
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	67,690	78,392	56,581	53,404	64,970	42,365
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	45,275	23,060	22,220	3,240	1,580	1,655
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	52,495	59,154	45,583	43,261	51,848	35,066
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	42,750	21,815	20,935	3,100	1,545	1,555
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	70,155	81,782	58,037	50,928	62,303	39,606
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	24,060	11,290	12,765	1,970	745	1,225
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	2,727	2,079	3,300	7,675	8,621	7,098
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	40,135	20,570	19,565	2,415	1,250	1,165
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	69,055	79,862	57,690	50,931	59,260	41,987
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	46,200	23,385	22,820	3,375	1,645	1,730
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	24,060	12,985	11,075	1,365	745	620
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	69,202	74,991	64,321	64,923	74,386	51,866
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	84,841	94,824	73,131	71,375	82,835	57,674
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	97.9	98.6	96.8	91.4	93.7	88.2
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	88.3	87.3	89.8	71.0	72.1	69.5
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	2.1	1.4	3.2	8.6	6.3	12.1
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	46,255	23,400	22,855	3,375	1,665	1,710
Without total income	935	340	595	160	80	80
With total income	45,320	23,055	22,260	3,220	1,585	1,635
Percentage with total income	98.0	98.5	97.4	95.4	95.2	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,640	2,680	2,960	395	165	235
$10,000 to $19,999	4,680	2,070	2,605	410	140	270
$20,000 to $29,999	3,625	1,665	1,960	305	105	205
$30,000 to $39,999	3,585	1,695	1,890	290	115	175
$40,000 to $49,999	3,920	1,775	2,145	325	145	185
$50,000 to $59,999	3,850	1,785	2,065	300	160	145
$60,000 to $69,999	3,835	1,915	1,920	270	170	100
$70,000 to $79,999	3,275	1,620	1,655	260	140	120
$80,000 to $89,999	2,780	1,530	1,250	195	115	75
$90,000 to $99,999	2,200	1,195	1,005	105	70	35
$100,000 and over	7,925	5,120	2,805	355	270	85
$100,000 to $149,999	4,960	3,025	1,940	250	185	65
$150,000 and over	2,960	2,095	870	105	80	25
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	46,255	23,400	22,855	3,375	1,665	1,710
Without after-tax income	935	345	590	155	80	75
With after-tax income	45,320	23,055	22,265	3,220	1,585	1,635
Percentage with after-tax income	98.0	98.5	97.4	95.4	95.2	95.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	5,755	2,735	3,015	435	170	265
$10,000 to $19,999	4,905	2,180	2,725	435	155	280
$20,000 to $29,999	4,245	2,000	2,250	350	115	235
$30,000 to $39,999	4,685	2,145	2,535	395	180	215
$40,000 to $49,999	5,390	2,490	2,900	410	195	210
$50,000 to $59,999	5,185	2,540	2,640	385	235	150
$60,000 to $69,999	4,370	2,310	2,060	315	175	140
$70,000 to $79,999	3,365	1,875	1,485	170	115	55
$80,000 and over	7,425	4,780	2,645	330	245	80
$80,000 to $89,999	2,165	1,245	915	115	80	30
$90,000 to $99,999	1,400	865	535	65	45	15
$100,000 and over	3,860	2,665	1,195	150	120	35
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	46,260	23,400	22,855	3,375	1,665	1,710
Without employment income	6,115	2,820	3,295	960	415	550
With employment income	40,145	20,580	19,565	2,410	1,250	1,165
Percentage with employment income	86.8	87.9	85.6	71.4	75.1	68.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	2,480	1,145	1,335	315	165	150
$5,000 to $9,999	1,880	875	1,000	175	90	85
$10,000 to $19,999	3,860	1,720	2,140	265	100	165
$20,000 to $29,999	3,050	1,480	1,570	205	95	115
$30,000 to $39,999	3,210	1,475	1,735	180	70	110
$40,000 to $49,999	3,585	1,630	1,960	210	95	115
$50,000 to $59,999	3,535	1,685	1,855	195	100	95
$60,000 to $69,999	3,640	1,785	1,850	180	115	65
$70,000 to $79,999	3,115	1,570	1,545	195	90	110
$80,000 and over	11,785	7,215	4,570	490	345	145
$80,000 to $89,999	2,620	1,435	1,185	140	80	60
$90,000 to $99,999	2,060	1,135	920	85	55	25
$100,000 and over	7,100	4,650	2,455	270	210	60
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	30,725	...	...	1,500	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	77,752	...	...	102,713	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	64,844	...	...	85,434	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	16,890	...	...	190	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	65,185	...	...	46,251	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	54,054	...	...	40,960	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	13,840	...	...	1,310	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	102,111	...	...	110,746	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	86,735	...	...	92,276	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	30,715	...	...	1,495	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	99,765	...	...	115,377	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	77,370	...	...	93,464	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	16,835	...	...	195	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	76,200	...	...	55,247	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	58,522	...	...	45,756	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	13,885	...	...	1,305	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	128,327	...	...	124,402	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,216	...	...	100,624	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	30,725	...	...	1,500	...	...
Under $5,000	1,330	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	695	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	835	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	855	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	865	...	...	20	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	795	...	...	20	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	845	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	860	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	945	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,010	...	...	45	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	2,130	...	...	85	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	2,395	...	...	105	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,285	...	...	105	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,110	...	...	120	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,875	...	...	95	...	...
$100,000 and over	10,890	...	...	790	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,585	...	...	270	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,285	...	...	180	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	2,490	...	...	210	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,530	...	...	125	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	30,725	...	...	1,500	...	...
Under $5,000	1,375	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	700	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	865	...	...	0	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	915	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	965	...	...	25	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	915	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	995	...	...	30	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	1,165	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	1,340	...	...	45	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	1,475	...	...	55	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	3,085	...	...	125	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	3,130	...	...	145	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	2,635	...	...	145	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	2,095	...	...	145	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	1,730	...	...	135	...	...
$100,000 and over	7,320	...	...	545	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	3,010	...	...	255	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	1,675	...	...	145	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,640	...	...	155	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	10,885	...	...	1,290	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	106,544	...	...	110,643	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	89,901	...	...	92,230	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.3	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	7,170	...	...	505	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	116,919	...	...	95,927	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	97,327	...	...	79,648	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,950	...	...	675	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	105,216	...	...	130,133	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,048	...	...	107,093	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.5	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	1,065	...	...	105	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	53,077	...	...	69,632	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	48,981	...	...	61,312	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.4	...	...	2.5	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	10,885	...	...	1,290	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	136,917	...	...	124,612	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	105,248	...	...	100,727	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	7,120	...	...	500	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	146,470	...	...	99,946	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	112,211	...	...	82,466	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,975	...	...	675	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	156,717	...	...	152,242	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	116,726	...	...	121,186	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	1,085	...	...	105	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,069	...	...	64,968	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	57,144	...	...	56,320	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	23,435	12,110	11,325	250	115	135
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	56,448	59,968	53,365	43,904	46,805	39,552
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	48,025	50,535	45,716	38,272	41,856	35,712
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	23,420	12,115	11,300	240	95	145
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	67,209	73,757	60,187	50,282	57,189	45,679
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	52,556	56,502	48,326	41,900	47,499	38,169
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	48,730	24,625	24,110	4,175	2,090	2,090
In the bottom half of the distribution	19,075	9,180	9,895	1,275	620	660
In the bottom decile	7,185	3,515	3,670	130	55	75
In the second decile	3,120	1,460	1,660	115	55	55
In the third decile	2,710	1,320	1,390	220	110	110
In the fourth decile	2,940	1,405	1,535	390	175	210
In the fifth decile	3,115	1,475	1,635	425	220	210
In the top half of the distribution	29,655	15,445	14,210	2,895	1,470	1,425
In the sixth decile	3,725	1,780	1,945	565	290	275
In the seventh decile	4,245	2,105	2,140	655	335	315
In the eighth decile	5,200	2,640	2,560	570	280	285
In the ninth decile	6,840	3,540	3,295	625	315	315
In the top decile	9,650	5,375	4,270	490	250	235
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	48,730	24,620	24,110	4,170	2,090	2,085
0 to 17 years	2,735	1,360	1,380	990	520	465
0 to 5 years	1,670	850	815	265	140	125
18 to 64 years	44,085	22,355	21,730	2,515	1,225	1,290
65 years and over	1,905	910	1,000	675	340	330
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	7,905	3,770	4,135	165	75	90
0 to 17 years	715	335	380	50	25	20
0 to 5 years	315	150	165	25	15	10
18 to 64 years	6,820	3,265	3,555	85	35	45
65 years and over	380	170	205	30	10	20
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.2	15.3	17.2	4.0	3.6	4.3
0 to 17 years (%)	26.1	24.6	27.5	5.1	4.8	4.3
0 to 5 years (%)	18.9	17.6	20.2	9.4	10.7	8.0
18 to 64 years (%)	15.5	14.6	16.4	3.4	2.9	3.5
65 years and over (%)	19.9	18.7	20.5	4.4	2.9	6.1
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,915	3,835	4,080	70	30	40
0 to 17 years	605	290	315	25	10	15
0 to 5 years	255	125	130	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	7,055	3,435	3,620	40	20	20
65 years and over	260	110	145	5	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	16.2	15.6	16.9	1.7	1.4	1.9
0 to 17 years (%)	22.1	21.3	22.8	2.5	1.9	3.2
0 to 5 years (%)	15.3	14.7	16.0	3.8	3.6	4.0
18 to 64 years (%)	16.0	15.4	16.7	1.6	1.6	1.6
65 years and over (%)	13.6	12.1	14.5	0.7	0.0	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	48,790	24,685	24,105	4,170	2,085	2,085
Official languages	48,100	24,425	23,675	4,155	2,080	2,080
English	48,050	24,405	23,640	4,125	2,070	2,060
French	7,190	3,260	3,930	1,330	660	670
Non-official languages	21,540	10,370	11,170	285	130	150
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	21,540	10,365	11,170	280	130	150
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,680	885	795	60	30	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	130	60	70	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	10	0	0	0
Somali	125	65	65	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,550	825	720	60	25	30
Amharic	160	60	95	0	0	0
Arabic	1,145	625	520	55	30	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	15	10	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	10	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	235	140	90	0	0	0
Maltese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	35	10	25	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	345	135	210	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	335	140	200	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	650	280	370	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	20	10	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	70	35	35	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	565	235	335	10	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	70	40	25	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	40	25	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	450	210	240	0	0	0
Kannada	65	35	35	0	0	0
Malayalam	75	45	25	0	0	0
Tamil	265	115	150	0	0	0
Telugu	75	25	45	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	11,835	5,790	6,045	110	55	55
Albanian	50	20	30	0	0	0
Armenian	130	65	65	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	2,390	1,045	1,340	15	15	0
Baltic languages	85	25	60	0	0	0
Latvian	30	15	20	0	0	0
Lithuanian	55	10	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages	2,340	1,030	1,310	15	10	0
Belarusan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Bulgarian	70	25	40	0	0	0
Croatian	130	55	70	10	10	0
Czech	40	10	30	0	0	0
Macedonian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Polish	515	230	280	10	10	0
Russian	1,130	480	650	10	10	0
Serbian	310	145	165	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	35	20	10	0	0	0
Slovak	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	20	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	175	70	105	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	100	50	50	10	0	10
Scottish Gaelic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	80	40	45	0	0	10
Germanic languages	1,015	535	475	45	15	25
Afrikaans	45	20	25	0	0	0
Danish	60	45	15	0	0	10
Dutch	130	70	60	10	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	735	390	345	30	15	10
Icelandic	10	10	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	40	15	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	355	195	160	15	10	0
Indo-Iranian languages	3,745	1,930	1,810	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	2,710	1,395	1,305	0	0	0
Bengali	240	110	130	0	0	0
Gujarati	230	125	100	0	0	0
Hindi	1,630	845	785	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	20	20	0	0	0	0
Marathi	90	45	45	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	480	215	265	0	0	0
Sindhi	60	10	45	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	55	20	35	0	0	0
Urdu	670	360	310	0	0	0
Iranian languages	1,045	540	505	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pashto	30	10	15	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	1,010	525	485	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	30	20	10	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	4,630	2,195	2,435	55	30	25
Catalan	20	10	10	0	0	0
Italian	915	465	450	25	10	10
Portuguese	840	410	435	0	10	0
Romanian	240	125	120	0	0	0
Spanish	3,050	1,425	1,620	50	25	25
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	325	150	170	0	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	695	330	365	30	15	15
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	335	165	175	0	0	10
Akan (Twi)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	50	15	30	0	0	0
Igbo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Lingala	10	10	10	0	0	10
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	105	50	55	10	0	0
Wolof	10	0	10	0	0	0
Yoruba	85	55	30	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	0	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	40	25	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	35	15	15	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	5,515	2,565	2,950	70	35	35
Chinese languages	5,490	2,555	2,935	70	35	35
Cantonese	2,540	1,115	1,425	15	0	10
Hakka	30	10	15	0	0	0
Mandarin	3,360	1,565	1,800	60	35	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	140	40	95	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	50	15	30	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	185	100	85	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	35	15	20	0	0	0
Burmese	10	10	10	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Lao	20	10	10	0	0	0
Thai	45	10	30	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	270	135	135	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	25	10	15	0	0	0
Turkish	235	120	115	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	140	70	70	0	0	0
Estonian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Finnish	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	100	60	45	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	20	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	48,785	24,685	24,105	4,175	2,090	2,085
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	40,780	20,630	20,150	4,085	2,025	2,060
Canadian citizens aged under 18	2,595	1,335	1,265	955	525	435
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	38,180	19,295	18,885	3,130	1,510	1,625
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	8,010	4,055	3,955	90	60	30
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	48,790	24,680	24,105	4,170	2,090	2,090
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	28,920	14,835	14,085	3,870	1,940	1,930
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	16,245	7,945	8,300	275	125	150
Before 1981	1,935	905	1,030	100	55	40
1981 to 1990	2,515	1,170	1,340	15	10	10
1991 to 2000	4,005	1,990	2,015	20	0	15
2001 to 2010	4,400	2,135	2,265	110	50	70
2001 to 2005	2,265	1,090	1,180	35	15	15
2006 to 2010	2,130	1,045	1,080	80	25	55
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,395	1,745	1,645	20	10	10
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	3,625	1,905	1,715	30	25	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	16,245	7,950	8,300	275	125	150
Under 5 years	1,950	910	1,035	40	15	30
5 to 14 years	4,335	2,205	2,130	55	30	30
15 to 24 years	3,115	1,485	1,635	50	20	30
25 to 44 years	6,010	2,950	3,060	95	50	50
45 years and over	840	400	445	25	15	15
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	16,245	7,945	8,300	270	125	150
Americas	2,490	1,180	1,310	45	25	25
Brazil	185	90	95	0	0	0
Colombia	230	100	125	0	0	0
El Salvador	70	40	30	0	0	0
Guyana	120	55	60	0	0	0
Haiti	10	0	15	0	0	0
Jamaica	240	105	130	0	0	0
Mexico	190	100	90	0	0	0
Peru	115	60	50	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	220	90	130	0	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	485	235	255	45	20	25
Other places of birth in Americas	620	300	325	0	0	0
Europe	3,710	1,855	1,855	85	40	40
Bosnia and Herzegovina	115	50	70	0	10	10
Croatia	60	30	30	0	0	0
France	150	95	55	0	0	0
Germany	155	65	85	10	0	0
Greece	80	45	30	0	0	0
Hungary	50	35	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	215	120	95	10	10	0
Italy	100	70	30	0	0	0
Netherlands	40	20	20	0	0	0
Poland	340	135	200	0	0	0
Portugal	175	80	95	0	0	0
Romania	210	105	105	0	0	0
Russian Federation	450	185	265	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	200	95	100	0	0	0
Ukraine	160	70	90	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	770	430	345	45	25	20
Other places of birth in Europe	450	220	235	10	0	10
Africa	1,150	590	565	30	20	10
Algeria	15	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	185	125	55	0	0	0
Ethiopia	115	35	75	0	0	0
Kenya	125	65	60	0	0	0
Morocco	30	0	25	0	0	0
Nigeria	110	80	35	0	0	0
Somalia	80	35	45	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	120	60	65	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	370	180	200	30	15	10
Asia	8,810	4,260	4,550	110	45	70
Afghanistan	20	10	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	80	35	50	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	2,130	925	1,200	45	15	35
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	800	335	465	0	0	0
India	1,220	700	520	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	870	450	420	0	0	0
Iraq	80	30	50	0	0	0
Japan	90	25	60	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	530	240	290	30	10	20
Lebanon	115	90	25	20	10	10
Pakistan	405	200	200	0	0	0
Philippines	680	305	380	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	140	75	65	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	65	40	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	160	75	85	0	0	0
Viet Nam	235	105	135	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	1,180	610	570	0	0	10
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	85	55	30	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,395	1,750	1,650	25	10	15
Americas	480	230	250	0	0	0
Brazil	60	25	40	0	0	0
Colombia	20	10	15	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	15	10	10	0	0	0
Mexico	85	45	40	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	130	65	65	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	65	30	35	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	90	45	50	0	0	0
Europe	700	415	290	0	0	0
France	65	50	20	0	0	0
Germany	35	25	10	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	130	80	50	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	20	0	15	0	0	0
Russian Federation	90	35	55	0	0	0
Ukraine	25	20	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	145	100	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	180	100	85	0	0	0
Africa	255	135	115	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	45	20	20	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	25	0	15	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	50	30	15	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	15	10	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	110	50	60	0	0	0
Asia	1,910	930	980	20	10	15
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	10	10	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	580	230	350	25	10	15
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	470	275	200	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	220	120	100	0	0	0
Iraq	35	10	25	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	45	15	30	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	50	10	40	0	0	0
Lebanon	20	15	0	0	0	0
Nepal	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	50	30	0	0	0
Philippines	65	25	40	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	50	25	30	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Taiwan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Turkey	50	30	25	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	35	25	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	75	55	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	50	40	10	0	0	0
Australia	40	30	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	15	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	48,790	24,685	24,105	4,175	2,090	2,090
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	20,270	10,075	10,195	355	170	180
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	13,845	7,105	6,740	320	180	140
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	14,675	7,500	7,175	3,500	1,735	1,765
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	14,475	7,125	7,350	175	70	105
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	9,945	5,165	4,785	105	50	60
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	3,455	2,180	1,275	35	30	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	6,490	2,985	3,510	70	20	55
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	2,840	1,155	1,680	65	15	45
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,570	755	815	10	10	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	115	45	70	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	48,790	24,680	24,105	4,175	2,085	2,085
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	480	225	255	80	35	45
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	475	225	255	80	35	45
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	250	115	135	35	10	25
Métis	225	110	115	45	25	20
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	48,310	24,460	23,850	4,095	2,055	2,045
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	48,790	24,680	24,110	4,175	2,085	2,090
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	145	50	95	20	0	20
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	48,645	24,635	24,010	4,155	2,080	2,070
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	48,790	24,685	24,105	4,170	2,090	2,085
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	95	40	50	0	0	0
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	95	40	50	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	45	15	30	0	0	0
Métis single ancestry	50	25	25	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	750	360	385	130	50	80
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	735	360	380	135	50	85
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	555	270	285	90	35	55
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	175	85	90	25	10	15
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	10	20	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	47,950	24,285	23,670	4,040	2,035	2,005
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	48,790	24,680	24,105	4,170	2,085	2,090
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	20,745	10,180	10,565	175	85	90
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	4,395	2,320	2,080	0	0	0
Chinese	6,290	3,010	3,275	80	35	50
Black	2,560	1,260	1,300	20	15	10
Filipino	1,020	455	560	10	0	0
Latin American	1,355	665	690	0	0	0
Arab	1,000	535	465	30	20	10
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	605	245	360	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	1,030	520	515	0	0	0
Korean	795	375	420	30	10	20
Japanese	325	120	205	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	360	155	205	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	1,015	515	495	10	10	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	28,040	14,500	13,540	3,995	2,000	2,000
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	48,790	24,680	24,105	4,175	2,085	2,090
North American Aboriginal origins	840	400	435	130	55	85
First Nations (North American Indian)	610	290	320	85	35	55
Inuit	0	0	10	15	10	10
Métis	235	120	120	25	10	15
Other North American origins	7,425	3,860	3,570	1,855	960	895
Acadian	65	40	30	135	80	55
American	560	325	230	30	25	10
Canadian	6,905	3,555	3,355	1,760	900	860
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	25	15	15	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Québécois	25	15	10	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	27,560	14,070	13,495	3,000	1,480	1,520
British Isles origins	15,365	8,055	7,310	2,495	1,220	1,275
Channel Islander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	7,720	4,050	3,675	1,230	620	610
Irish	7,155	3,740	3,415	1,300	590	705
Manx	0	10	0	0	0	0
Scottish	6,060	3,150	2,915	1,200	605	600
Welsh	610	300	315	70	25	45
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	1,810	895	915	130	60	70
French origins	3,805	1,855	1,955	905	430	470
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	3,805	1,850	1,955	900	430	470
Western European origins (except French origins)	5,450	2,645	2,805	450	210	235
Austrian	460	260	205	0	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	230	110	120	10	0	0
Dutch	1,225	535	685	165	70	95
Flemish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	10	0	0	0	0
German	3,795	1,840	1,955	330	165	165
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	160	75	80	10	10	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	1,015	525	485	185	100	80
Danish	280	160	120	70	25	50
Finnish	175	85	90	0	0	0
Icelandic	70	35	40	0	0	0
Norwegian	245	140	105	45	25	20
Swedish	255	115	140	35	20	15
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	70	35	40	40	35	0
Eastern European origins	6,230	2,955	3,275	100	55	45
Bulgarian	105	30	70	0	0	0
Byelorussian	120	65	55	0	0	0
Czech	230	80	155	0	0	10
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	65	35	30	0	0	0
Estonian	115	50	60	0	0	0
Hungarian	705	360	345	0	0	0
Latvian	145	70	75	0	0	0
Lithuanian	240	90	150	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	2,195	1,080	1,115	50	35	15
Romanian	560	275	280	0	0	0
Russian	1,610	750	865	10	0	10
Slovak	165	75	85	10	10	0
Ukrainian	1,595	745	845	10	10	0
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	55	30	20	20	10	10
Southern European origins	7,510	3,625	3,885	100	65	40
Albanian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Bosnian	75	40	40	0	0	0
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	315	155	160	0	0	0
Cypriot	25	10	15	0	0	0
Greek	785	445	340	15	10	10
Italian	3,580	1,670	1,910	40	20	15
Kosovar	0	0	10	0	0	0
Macedonian	170	90	75	0	0	0
Maltese	145	55	90	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	1,230	585	650	10	10	0
Serbian	470	235	240	0	0	0
Sicilian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	145	55	90	0	0	0
Spanish	1,180	545	630	15	10	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	65	20	45	15	10	10
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	10	10	10	0	0	0
Other European origins	655	365	290	20	10	15
Basque	15	0	15	0	0	0
Jewish	465	280	185	20	0	10
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	165	75	90	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	1,930	930	1,000	10	0	0
Antiguan	20	15	10	0	0	0
Bahamian	30	10	20	0	0	0
Barbadian	140	70	80	0	0	0
Bermudan	20	0	15	0	0	0
Carib	10	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	40	20	20	0	0	0
Dominican	55	20	35	0	0	0
Grenadian	100	45	50	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	55	40	20	0	0	0
Jamaican	920	465	460	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	415	195	220	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	40	15	20	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	155	70	85	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	140	55	85	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	2,135	1,040	1,090	0	0	0
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	75	45	25	0	0	0
Arawak	10	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	220	100	120	0	0	0
Chilean	100	40	65	0	0	0
Colombian	280	115	165	0	0	0
Costa Rican	30	10	15	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	110	45	60	0	0	0
Guatemalan	40	20	20	0	0	0
Guyanese	310	135	175	0	0	0
Hispanic	25	15	10	0	0	0
Honduran	15	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexican	325	165	155	0	0	0
Nicaraguan	45	25	20	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	125	75	55	0	0	0
Salvadorean	110	60	50	0	0	0
Uruguayan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Venezuelan	230	105	120	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	105	70	40	0	0	0
African origins	2,610	1,330	1,270	45	30	15
Central and West African origins	435	250	195	20	10	10
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	20	10	20	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	20	10	0	20	10	0
Edo	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	60	20	35	0	0	0
Guinean	10	15	0	0	0	0
Ibo	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	250	145	100	0	0	0
Peulh	10	10	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	30	15	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	25	10	20	0	0	0
North African origins	675	390	290	30	20	10
Algerian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	420	255	165	0	0	0
Libyan	35	30	10	25	15	10
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	155	70	80	0	0	0
Sudanese	25	20	10	0	0	0
Tunisian	20	0	15	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	15	0	10	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	875	395	480	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	55	20	35	0	0	0
Ethiopian	190	85	110	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	45	25	20	0	0	0
Malagasy	10	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	145	60	80	0	0	0
South African	195	90	110	0	0	0
Tanzanian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	65	35	35	0	0	0
Zambian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	85	35	55	0	0	0
Other African origins	695	350	345	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	80	35	45	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	615	310	300	0	0	0
Asian origins	17,445	8,595	8,845	195	85	110
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	3,090	1,615	1,470	50	20	30
Afghan	75	40	30	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	200	90	110	0	0	0
Armenian	200	100	100	0	0	0
Assyrian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	45	20	25	0	0	0
Georgian	25	20	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	1,125	565	565	0	0	0
Iraqi	105	40	60	0	0	0
Israeli	130	80	50	0	0	0
Jordanian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Kazakh	30	10	25	0	0	0
Kurd	40	25	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	415	245	170	50	20	25
Palestinian	220	145	75	0	0	0
Pashtun	10	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	65	25	45	0	0	0
Syrian	140	75	70	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	15	0	15	0	0	0
Turk	335	190	150	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	20	10	15	0	0	0
Yemeni	25	15	15	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	65	35	35	0	0	0
South Asian origins	4,720	2,460	2,265	10	10	0
Bangladeshi	95	45	45	0	0	0
Bengali	50	25	25	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	3,730	1,970	1,760	0	10	0
Goan	40	15	25	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	530	255	275	0	0	0
Punjabi	65	25	40	0	0	0
Sinhalese	20	15	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	220	110	110	0	0	10
Tamil	60	30	35	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	190	105	85	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	9,880	4,640	5,235	135	60	80
Burmese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	50	25	30	0	0	0
Chinese	6,950	3,300	3,655	80	30	45
Filipino	1,270	605	670	15	0	10
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	65	25	35	0	0	0
Japanese	455	210	250	10	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	810	380	435	30	15	20
Laotian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	85	40	45	0	0	0
Mongolian	35	10	25	0	0	0
Singaporean	40	20	20	0	0	0
Taiwanese	155	90	65	0	0	0
Thai	75	20	60	0	0	0
Tibetan	30	10	15	0	0	0
Vietnamese	600	280	315	10	0	10
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	30	10	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	75	20	50	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	75	20	55	0	0	0
Oceania origins	245	155	90	0	0	0
Australian	195	130	60	0	0	0
New Zealander	40	20	20	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	30,720	...	...	1,500	...	...
Owner	13,265	...	...	1,425	...	...
Renter	17,455	...	...	75	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	30,720	...	...	1,500	...	...
Condominium	27,910	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	2,810	...	...	1,500	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	30,720	...	...	1,500	...	...
No bedrooms	725	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	19,205	...	...	15	...	...
2 bedrooms	9,345	...	...	125	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,275	...	...	475	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	170	...	...	885	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	30,720	...	...	1,500	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	26,400	...	...	60	...	...
5 rooms	2,970	...	...	75	...	...
6 rooms	885	...	...	125	...	...
7 rooms	305	...	...	200	...	...
8 or more rooms	160	...	...	1,030	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	3.3	...	...	8.7	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	30,720	...	...	1,500	...	...
One person or fewer per room	30,075	...	...	1,490	...	...
More than 1 person per room	640	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	30,720	...	...	1,500	...	...
Suitable	28,505	...	...	1,480	...	...
Not suitable	2,210	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	30,720	...	...	1,500	...	...
1960 or before	880	...	...	30	...	...
1961 to 1980	580	...	...	680	...	...
1981 to 1990	1,715	...	...	420	...	...
1991 to 2000	2,360	...	...	235	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,075	...	...	70	...	...
2006 to 2010	8,500	...	...	35	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	11,600	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	30,720	...	...	1,500	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	30,310	...	...	1,445	...	...
Major repairs needed	410	...	...	55	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	30,715	...	...	1,500	...	...
1 household maintainer	21,295	...	...	755	...	...
2 household maintainers	8,940	...	...	740	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	480	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	30,720	...	...	1,495	...	...
15 to 24 years	2,855	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	15,500	...	...	115	...	...
35 to 44 years	6,580	...	...	285	...	...
45 to 54 years	2,905	...	...	365	...	...
55 to 64 years	1,615	...	...	335	...	...
65 to 74 years	890	...	...	280	...	...
75 to 84 years	300	...	...	95	...	...
85 years and over	65	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	30,615	...	...	1,500	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	17,470	...	...	1,390	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	13,145	...	...	110	...	...
30% to less than 100%	9,845	...	...	100	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	13,265	...	...	1,425	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	81.1	...	...	54.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	39.6	...	...	7.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,886	...	...	939	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,982	...	...	1,113	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	415,435	...	...	230,074	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	497,582	...	...	244,949	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	17,455	...	...	70	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	4.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	45.5	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,715	...	...	994	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,772	...	...	980	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	46,200	23,385	22,820	3,380	1,645	1,730
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,385	755	630	310	165	145
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	6,095	3,295	2,800	835	410	425
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	38,730	19,340	19,395	2,230	1,070	1,160
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	775	470	305	185	120	60
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	355	190	165	105	55	45
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	420	280	135	85	70	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	6,020	2,895	3,120	635	255	375
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,045	445	595	75	40	35
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30,895	15,525	15,365	1,340	655	685
Bachelor's degree	21,120	10,525	10,600	875	375	500
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,625	740	880	90	60	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	540	285	255	40	25	15
Master's degree	6,990	3,630	3,355	285	150	135
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	620	340	275	50	40	10
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	38,460	19,745	18,720	2,170	1,040	1,125
No certificate, diploma or degree	725	415	315	45	40	10
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	3,785	2,205	1,585	380	190	190
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,945	17,130	16,815	1,745	820	925
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	640	385	255	130	80	45
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	295	155	135	80	40	35
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	350	230	120	50	35	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	5,190	2,560	2,630	470	195	275
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	895	395	505	50	30	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	27,215	13,785	13,430	1,095	515	580
Bachelor's degree	18,030	9,105	8,925	715	300	415
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,465	660	805	80	55	30
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	495	260	240	40	25	15
Master's degree	6,645	3,445	3,200	225	115	115
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	580	320	265	35	25	15
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	46,205	23,385	22,820	3,375	1,645	1,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	7,475	4,050	3,425	1,145	575	565
Education	695	180	520	260	80	185
13. Education	700	180	520	260	80	180
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	3,080	1,375	1,700	35	20	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	500	340	155	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,580	1,035	1,545	30	15	15
Humanities	2,355	915	1,435	120	65	55
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	245	35	205	15	10	10
23. English language and literature/letters	825	245	580	25	10	15
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	530	215	315	35	20	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	25	10	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	220	155	65	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	30	25	10	10	0
54. History	395	220	170	25	20	10
55. French language and literature/letters	50	0	50	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,580	3,065	4,515	315	105	215
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	60	15	40	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,670	605	1,065	15	10	15
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	315	50	265	35	0	35
22. Legal professions and studies	1,245	570	680	45	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	150	15	130	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,010	260	755	70	20	55
45. Social sciences	3,145	1,555	1,590	140	70	70
Business, management and public administration	12,505	6,615	5,885	470	195	270
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	410	115	295	25	0	20
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	12,085	6,500	5,585	440	190	245
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,575	715	855	85	50	25
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	875	355	515	30	20	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	295	115	180	15	10	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	50	10	40	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	335	215	115	30	30	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	20	10	10	10	0	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,685	1,945	740	85	60	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,030	1,575	450	80	55	20
25. Library science	50	10	45	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	580	345	235	10	10	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	25	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	4,020	2,975	1,040	395	345	45
04. Architecture and related services	735	350	385	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,550	1,950	600	140	115	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	375	330	45	105	85	15
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	220	215	0	65	65	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	110	110	10	65	60	0
48. Precision production	30	20	10	25	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	275	110	170	45	35	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	80	30	50	10	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	200	80	115	35	30	0
Health and related fields	3,100	980	2,115	345	65	280
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	450	255	200	55	15	40
51. Health professions and related programs	2,505	650	1,855	285	40	240
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	150	85	65	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	855	455	405	85	40	35
12. Personal and culinary services	595	270	320	45	10	30
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	15	0	10	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	170	90	75	25	15	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	75	70	10	15	15	0
Other	10	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	0	10	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	38,460	19,745	18,715	2,170	1,045	1,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	4,515	2,615	1,900	430	225	200
Education	575	155	415	180	55	125
13. Education	575	155	415	180	55	125
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,700	1,225	1,480	25	15	15
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	415	280	130	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	2,285	940	1,345	25	15	15
Humanities	2,040	840	1,200	100	50	50
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	230	30	200	10	10	0
23. English language and literature/letters	710	220	485	20	0	10
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	430	195	230	35	15	15
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	25	10	20	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	195	140	55	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	55	30	25	10	10	0
54. History	355	210	140	20	15	10
55. French language and literature/letters	40	0	40	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,780	2,790	3,990	245	65	170
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	50	15	40	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	1,470	560	910	15	10	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	260	40	215	20	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	1,190	535	655	45	10	35
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	20	110	0	0	0
42. Psychology	880	245	635	50	10	40
45. Social sciences	2,795	1,365	1,425	110	45	65
Business, management and public administration	10,825	5,830	5,000	380	165	215
30.16 Accounting and computer science	10	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	350	110	245	20	0	15
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,470	5,720	4,750	355	160	195
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,345	625	725	80	50	30
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	740	300	440	35	15	15
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	255	110	145	15	0	10
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	45	10	30	10	0	0
40. Physical sciences	290	185	105	25	25	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	0	10	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,445	1,800	650	85	65	25
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	1,865	1,450	420	80	55	20
25. Library science	45	10	40	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	505	320	185	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	20	10	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	3,470	2,525	945	280	240	40
04. Architecture and related services	660	310	350	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,180	1,645	535	105	85	20
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	330	290	40	75	60	10
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	190	185	0	45	40	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	90	85	0	40	35	10
48. Precision production	20	10	10	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	205	70	135	30	25	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	55	15	35	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	155	55	100	20	20	0
Health and related fields	2,795	870	1,925	275	55	215
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	415	235	185	45	10	35
51. Health professions and related programs	2,235	555	1,680	225	40	185
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	140	85	60	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	755	400	355	70	35	35
12. Personal and culinary services	525	240	280	40	10	25
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	160	90	70	20	10	10
49. Transportation and materials moving	55	55	0	10	10	0
Other	10	0	10	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	10	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	46,200	23,385	22,815	3,375	1,645	1,730
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	7,475	4,045	3,425	1,145	575	570
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	38,730	19,340	19,395	2,230	1,070	1,160
Location of study inside Canada	30,625	15,205	15,420	2,090	1,015	1,080
Same as province or territory of residence	26,285	13,080	13,205	1,485	735	755
Different than province or territory of residence	4,345	2,130	2,215	605	285	325
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	8,100	4,125	3,975	140	55	80
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,705	985	730	30	10	20
Philippines	210	80	130	0	0	0
India	695	350	345	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,015	550	460	25	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	415	170	245	35	15	20
France	275	165	110	10	0	10
Other	3,780	1,820	1,955	40	10	30
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	38,460	19,745	18,720	2,165	1,045	1,125
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,515	2,615	1,905	430	225	200
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	33,945	17,125	16,820	1,740	815	920
Location of study inside Canada	26,750	13,495	13,260	1,635	785	855
Same as province or territory of residence	22,965	11,580	11,390	1,115	550	560
Different than province or territory of residence	3,785	1,915	1,870	520	230	290
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	7,195	3,635	3,560	110	35	70
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,535	865	675	20	10	15
Philippines	175	60	110	0	0	0
India	655	330	325	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	875	465	410	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 162}	340	130	205	35	15	20
France	235	150	85	0	0	10
Other	3,365	1,630	1,740	30	10	25
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	46,200	23,380	22,820	3,375	1,645	1,730
In the labour force	39,780	20,760	19,020	2,200	1,120	1,075
Employed	37,750	19,840	17,915	2,065	1,035	1,030
Unemployed	2,030	920	1,110	130	85	45
Not in the labour force	6,420	2,625	3,795	1,175	520	655
Participation rate	86.1	88.8	83.3	65.2	68.1	62.1
Employment rate	81.7	84.9	78.5	61.2	62.9	59.5
Unemployment rate	5.1	4.4	5.8	5.9	7.6	4.2
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	46,205	23,380	22,815	3,375	1,645	1,730
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	6,340	2,680	3,655	1,015	420	595
Worked	39,865	20,700	19,165	2,360	1,225	1,135
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	24,740	13,475	11,265	1,375	755	620
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	15,125	7,225	7,900	980	470	510
Average weeks worked in reference year	44.8	45.4	44.2	42.2	41.2	43.2
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	39,780	20,760	19,025	2,195	1,125	1,075
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	570	210	360	30	10	20
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	39,220	20,550	18,670	2,165	1,115	1,050
Employee	35,230	18,175	17,050	1,935	960	980
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	3,990	2,375	1,615	235	155	80
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	39,785	20,760	19,025	2,195	1,125	1,075
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	570	210	355	35	10	25
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	39,215	20,550	18,665	2,170	1,110	1,055
0 Management occupations	7,405	4,330	3,075	295	205	90
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,875	4,415	5,460	450	155	295
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	4,835	3,645	1,190	255	220	35
3 Health occupations	1,840	495	1,350	195	50	145
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	4,545	1,920	2,630	340	115	225
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	3,280	1,700	1,575	60	35	25
6 Sales and service occupations	6,490	3,180	3,310	385	160	225
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	765	710	50	140	135	10
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	35	35	0	15	10	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	140	115	30	25	25	10
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	39,780	20,760	19,025	2,200	1,120	1,080
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	565	210	355	35	10	20
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	39,215	20,555	18,665	2,170	1,115	1,055
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	0	10	0	20	10	10
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	110	45	65	10	10	0
22 Utilities	170	95	75	45	35	10
23 Construction	880	760	115	100	95	10
31-33 Manufacturing	1,150	715	435	50	40	10
41 Wholesale trade	1,225	720	500	65	60	0
44-45 Retail trade	2,405	1,115	1,290	165	60	100
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	795	525	270	80	60	20
51 Information and cultural industries	2,880	1,780	1,095	60	35	25
52 Finance and insurance	6,520	3,745	2,770	105	35	75
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,225	675	550	30	20	10
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	9,565	5,440	4,130	195	125	70
55 Management of companies and enterprises	205	75	130	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	1,205	590	615	60	35	25
61 Educational services	2,005	735	1,270	265	75	195
62 Health care and social assistance	2,600	670	1,930	245	40	200
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,235	615	625	30	20	10
72 Accommodation and food services	2,730	1,310	1,415	135	55	75
81 Other services (except public administration)	1,005	315	690	85	45	35
91 Public administration	1,310	630	685	430	255	165
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	37,750	19,840	17,915	2,065	1,035	1,030
Worked at home	3,105	1,810	1,300	120	55	60
Worked outside Canada	375	195	180	0	0	10
No fixed workplace address	2,585	1,755	830	150	105	45
Worked at usual place	31,690	16,080	15,610	1,795	870	920
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	31,685	16,080	15,610	1,795	875	920
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	28,100	13,980	14,115	85	20	65
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	0	0	0	1,455	690	765
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,525	2,060	1,465	240	150	85
Commute to a different province or territory	65	40	25	10	0	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	34,270	17,835	16,440	1,940	975	960
Car, truck, van - as a driver	7,820	4,760	3,055	1,770	915	855
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	720	290	430	135	40	90
Public transit	9,365	4,080	5,285	10	0	0
Walked	14,345	7,420	6,925	10	0	10
Bicycle	1,555	1,045	510	10	10	0
Other method	475	245	235	20	10	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	34,275	17,830	16,440	1,940	975	965
Less than 15 minutes	5,680	3,265	2,420	780	395	385
15 to 29 minutes	14,140	7,480	6,660	980	460	525
30 to 44 minutes	9,040	4,405	4,640	105	70	40
45 to 59 minutes	2,950	1,440	1,510	30	20	10
60 minutes and over	2,465	1,250	1,215	40	35	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	34,275	17,835	16,440	1,940	975	960
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	585	400	185	25	20	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	2,350	1,345	1,005	165	100	60
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	7,115	3,715	3,400	870	455	415
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	14,580	7,265	7,305	535	255	280
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,345	3,565	2,775	165	65	100
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	3,315	1,545	1,765	185	80	105
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	40,910	21,225	19,685	2,390	1,245	1,145
Single responses	40,255	20,920	19,335	2,330	1,215	1,115
Official languages	39,820	20,705	19,110	2,320	1,210	1,115
English	39,655	20,635	19,020	2,250	1,195	1,055
French	165	70	95	75	15	55
Non-official languages	435	220	220	0	10	0
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	435	215	215	10	10	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	180	85	95	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	10	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bengali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	10	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	25	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	135	65	65	0	0	0
Catalan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	45	35	10	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	80	30	50	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	15	15	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	210	110	100	0	0	0
Chinese languages	210	110	100	0	0	0
Cantonese	45	25	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	155	80	75	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	655	305	350	60	30	30
English and French	320	145	175	55	30	30
English and non-official language	315	155	165	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	0	20	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	40,905	21,225	19,685	2,390	1,245	1,145
None	37,890	19,700	18,190	1,955	1,015	935
English	345	140	200	65	20	50
French	1,435	740	695	360	200	155
Non-official language	1,155	595	565	10	10	0
Aboriginal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	1,160	590	565	10	0	10
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	15	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	70	40	35	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	48,280	24,435	23,845	4,145	2,075	2,070
Non-movers	31,955	16,125	15,830	3,825	1,935	1,895
Movers	16,325	8,310	8,015	325	140	175
Non-migrants	9,905	5,020	4,885	135	65	70
Migrants	6,420	3,285	3,130	190	80	110
Internal migrants	4,530	2,305	2,225	185	75	110
Intraprovincial migrants	3,280	1,660	1,620	115	45	70
Interprovincial migrants	1,245	640	605	65	35	35
External migrants	1,890	985	910	10	10	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	47,240	23,875	23,360	3,950	1,985	1,965
Non-movers	10,815	5,425	5,395	2,975	1,480	1,500
Movers	36,420	18,455	17,965	980	505	475
Non-migrants	16,985	8,600	8,385	335	170	165
Migrants	19,430	9,855	9,580	640	335	310
Internal migrants	13,335	6,730	6,600	585	300	285
Intraprovincial migrants	9,750	4,985	4,760	355	175	180
Interprovincial migrants	3,585	1,745	1,835	235	130	105
External migrants	6,100	3,120	2,980	55	30	20

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^©

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. M5V [Forward sortation area^©] and New Maryland, VL [Census subdivision], New Brunswick (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 18, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
M5V [Forward sortation area^©] and New Maryland, Village [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

Census Profile, 2016 Census M5V [Forward sortation area©] and New Maryland, Village [Census subdivision], New Brunswick

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
M5V [Forward sortation area^©] and New Maryland, Village [Census subdivision], New Brunswick