Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick and Cowichan, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Zone 3 (Fredericton area) New Brunswick [Health region, December 2017]			Cowichan, IRI British Columbia [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick Map : Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick Change geography 1			Data quality : Cowichan, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	174,348	...	...	2,086	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	173,876	...	...	2,337	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	0.3	...	...	-10.7	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	83,036	...	...	510	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	73,210	...	...	480	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	7.5	...	...	89.5	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	23,210.93	...	...	23.30	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	174,345	85,670	88,680	2,085	1,065	1,025
0 to 14 years	28,160	14,305	13,855	575	280	290
0 to 4 years	9,025	4,575	4,455	160	75	85
5 to 9 years	9,695	4,930	4,770	220	115	110
10 to 14 years	9,440	4,805	4,635	190	95	95
15 to 64 years	114,920	56,950	57,970	1,340	685	650
15 to 19 years	10,200	5,280	4,920	180	95	80
20 to 24 years	11,250	5,830	5,425	180	100	80
25 to 29 years	10,410	5,310	5,100	160	75	90
30 to 34 years	10,505	5,190	5,315	140	85	55
35 to 39 years	10,615	5,140	5,480	120	60	55
40 to 44 years	11,250	5,475	5,775	115	60	60
45 to 49 years	11,760	5,775	5,990	105	50	60
50 to 54 years	13,545	6,635	6,910	130	60	75
55 to 59 years	13,230	6,520	6,715	135	70	60
60 to 64 years	12,140	5,800	6,335	70	35	40
65 years and over	31,270	14,410	16,855	180	95	85
65 to 69 years	11,020	5,410	5,615	75	45	35
70 to 74 years	7,560	3,690	3,870	50	20	20
75 to 79 years	5,445	2,540	2,895	25	10	15
80 to 84 years	3,680	1,575	2,105	25	15	10
85 years and over	3,565	1,200	2,370	10	5	10
85 to 89 years	2,175	825	1,350	5	5	5
90 to 94 years	1,075	300	775	0	0	5
95 to 99 years	285	65	215	0	0	0
100 years and over	35	5	35	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	16.2	16.7	15.6	27.6	26.3	28.3
15 to 64 years	65.9	66.5	65.4	64.3	64.3	63.4
65 years and over	17.9	16.8	19.0	8.6	8.9	8.3
85 years and over	2.0	1.4	2.7	0.5	0.5	1.0
Average age of the population	41.7	40.8	42.6	32.1	32.1	32.0
Median age of the population	42.8	41.7	43.7	27.9	28.5	27.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	73,210	...	...	480	...	...
Single-detached house	50,890	...	...	365	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	520	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	17,250	...	...	80	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,560	...	...	20	...	...
Row house	1,930	...	...	20	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	3,005	...	...	40	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	10,485	...	...	5	...	...
Other single-attached house	270	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	4,545	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	73,210	...	...	480	...	...
1 person	19,525	...	...	60	...	...
2 persons	28,780	...	...	95	...	...
3 persons	11,430	...	...	75	...	...
4 persons	9,185	...	...	70	...	...
5 or more persons	4,285	...	...	180	...	...
Number of persons in private households	171,345	...	...	2,055	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	4.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	146,190	71,360	74,825	1,510	780	730
Married or living common law	89,290	44,595	44,700	585	290	295
Married	73,790	36,855	36,935	285	140	145
Living common law	15,510	7,740	7,765	295	150	145
Not married and not living common law	56,895	26,765	30,125	930	490	440
Never married	35,750	19,655	16,095	740	420	325
Separated	4,315	1,975	2,340	65	25	35
Divorced	8,165	3,360	4,805	60	30	30
Widowed	8,665	1,780	6,885	70	20	50
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	51,665	...	...	515	...	...
2 persons	28,885	...	...	220	...	...
3 persons	10,825	...	...	115	...	...
4 persons	8,645	...	...	85	...	...
5 or more persons	3,310	...	...	100	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	3.3	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	51,665	...	...	515	...	...
Total couple families	43,980	...	...	285	...	...
Married couples	36,230	...	...	135	...	...
Common-law couples	7,750	...	...	150	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	7,685	...	...	230	...	...
Female parent	6,065	...	...	160	...	...
Male parent	1,625	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	43,985	...	...	285	...	...
Couples without children	24,065	...	...	105	...	...
Couples with children	19,920	...	...	180	...	...
1 child	8,705	...	...	55	...	...
2 children	8,070	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	3,145	...	...	70	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	7,685	...	...	235	...	...
1 child	4,825	...	...	110	...	...
2 children	2,125	...	...	55	...	...
3 or more children	735	...	...	65	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	28,885	13,910	14,975	335	200	140
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	73,210	...	...	480	...	...
One-census-family households	49,975	...	...	295	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	23,410	...	...	60	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	26,570	...	...	235	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	835	...	...	100	...	...
Non-census-family households	22,395	...	...	90	...	...
One-person households	19,525	...	...	55	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	2,875	...	...	30	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	172,745	85,075	87,675	2,080	1,060	1,025
English only	140,675	70,715	69,960	2,070	1,050	1,010
French only	745	365	375	5	0	0
English and French	30,575	13,640	16,935	15	5	10
Neither English nor French	755	350	405	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	172,750	85,070	87,675	2,085	1,060	1,020
English	160,705	79,295	81,410	2,080	1,055	1,020
French	10,730	5,170	5,560	5	5	5
English and French	580	270	305	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	730	335	400	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	11,020	5,300	5,715	10	5	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	6.4	6.2	6.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	172,745	85,075	87,675	2,085	1,060	1,020
Single responses	170,965	84,250	86,710	2,060	1,050	1,015
Official languages	162,895	80,185	82,715	1,855	955	900
English	152,010	74,950	77,060	1,850	950	900
French	10,885	5,230	5,650	5	0	5
Non-official languages	8,070	4,070	4,000	205	95	110
Aboriginal languages	330	150	180	195	95	110
Algonquian languages	325	150	175	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	315	145	170	0	0	0
Malecite	270	120	145	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	45	20	25	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	195	90	105
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	190	90	100
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	7,735	3,920	3,820	5	5	5
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,115	605	505	0	0	0
Berber languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	5	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	5	0	5	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,105	605	505	0	0	0
Amharic	40	25	15	0	0	0
Arabic	995	535	455	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	65	40	30	0	0	0
Maltese	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	215	110	100	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	5	0	0	0
Vietnamese	210	110	95	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	290	115	180	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	25	5	15	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	25	10	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	235	95	140	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	30	25	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	30	25	5	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	100	55	45	5	0	0
Kannada	10	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	5	0	0	0
Tamil	55	30	20	0	0	0
Telugu	30	15	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	3,870	1,935	1,935	5	0	5
Albanian	25	10	10	0	0	0
Armenian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	935	470	470	0	0	0
Baltic languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
Latvian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	895	445	450	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Croatian	55	20	30	0	0	0
Czech	20	5	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	5	0	5	0	0	0
Polish	90	40	50	0	0	0
Russian	505	265	240	0	0	0
Serbian	90	50	40	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	20	5	15	0	0	0
Slovak	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Ukrainian	70	30	40	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	0	0	0
Welsh	5	5	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,220	570	645	0	0	0
Afrikaans	5	5	5	0	0	0
Danish	65	20	40	0	0	0
Dutch	395	210	185	0	0	0
Frisian	10	5	5	0	0	0
German	700	310	385	5	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	5	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Swedish	25	5	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	35	20	15	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	885	480	410	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	525	290	235	0	0	0
Bengali	85	55	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	25	10	10	0	0	0
Hindi	110	55	55	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	5	5	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nepali	140	70	75	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	25	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	5	0	0	0
Urdu	70	45	30	0	0	0
Iranian languages	355	190	165	0	0	0
Kurdish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Pashto	20	5	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	315	165	150	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	750	380	370	5	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	85	45	35	0	0	0
Portuguese	80	35	40	0	0	0
Romanian	160	75	75	0	0	0
Spanish	425	215	210	0	0	5
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	35	5	30	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	385	205	180	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	160	85	75	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	5	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	5	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	5	5	0	0	0	0
Lingala	5	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	15	5	5	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	50	20	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	5	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	45	25	15	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	45	25	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,325	665	660	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,325	665	665	0	0	0
Cantonese	135	70	65	0	0	0
Hakka	10	5	5	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,040	525	515	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	5	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	50	25	35	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	70	40	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	5	15	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	10	15	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	40	25	20	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	5	0	0	0	0
Turkish	25	15	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Estonian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Finnish	15	5	15	0	0	0
Hungarian	60	30	30	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	10	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,785	825	960	25	15	10
English and French	1,155	525	635	0	0	0
English and non-official language	535	260	275	25	15	10
French and non-official language	50	25	25	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	45	20	25	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	172,745	85,075	87,675	2,085	1,060	1,020
Single responses	170,535	83,975	86,555	2,075	1,060	1,015
Official languages	166,045	81,650	84,395	2,065	1,050	1,005
English	160,010	78,690	81,320	2,055	1,055	1,005
French	6,035	2,960	3,070	5	5	5
Non-official languages	4,490	2,330	2,165	15	5	10
Aboriginal languages	55	25	25	10	5	10
Algonquian languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	55	25	25	0	0	0
Malecite	50	25	25	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	10	5	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Non-Aboriginal languages	4,435	2,300	2,135	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	755	380	370	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	750	380	365	0	0	0
Amharic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arabic	700	355	345	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	35	15	15	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	175	90	85	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	170	90	80	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	100	45	55	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	5	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	5	0	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	85	40	45	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	25	20	5	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	20	25	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	40	20	20	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	20	10	10	0	0	0
Telugu	15	5	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,865	970	895	0	0	0
Albanian	15	5	10	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	610	315	295	0	0	0
Baltic languages	30	20	15	0	0	0
Latvian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	15	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages	580	300	280	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Czech	5	0	5	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	20	15	10	0	0	0
Russian	390	200	190	0	0	0
Serbian	75	45	35	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	40	20	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	275	140	135	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dutch	70	40	30	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	190	95	100	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	5	5	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	600	315	285	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	315	165	150	0	0	0
Bengali	55	30	20	0	0	0
Gujarati	15	10	5	0	0	0
Hindi	60	35	30	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	5	0	5	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	5	0	0	0
Nepali	105	45	60	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	40	20	20	0	0	0
Iranian languages	275	150	125	0	0	0
Kurdish	15	15	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	260	135	120	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	345	180	170	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Portuguese	35	15	15	0	0	0
Romanian	80	40	40	0	0	0
Spanish	220	115	105	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	0	5	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	290	160	135	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	65	30	40	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	10	5	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	30	10	20	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	5	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	60	40	20	0	0	0
American Sign Language	15	10	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	30	15	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,020	520	500	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,020	525	500	0	0	0
Cantonese	65	35	35	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	855	445	410	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	35	20	20	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	5	5	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages	20	10	10	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	5	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	2,210	1,095	1,115	10	5	10
English and French	855	410	440	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,280	650	630	5	5	5
French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	65	25	40	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	172,745	85,075	87,670	2,085	1,060	1,025
None	159,905	79,090	80,815	1,895	970	920
English	4,610	2,280	2,330	5	5	0
French	5,375	2,370	3,005	0	0	0
Non-official language	2,645	1,245	1,400	185	85	100
Aboriginal	415	175	240	170	80	90
Non-Aboriginal	2,230	1,065	1,160	15	5	10
English and French	50	25	25	0	0	0
English and non-official language	65	30	40	0	0	0
French and non-official language	100	40	60	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	143,235	69,950	73,285	1,485	765	720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	136,240	66,610	69,630	1,355	690	665
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,315	39,934	26,276	14,675	11,211	17,232
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	136,310	66,615	69,695	1,350	690	670
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,253	35,185	24,376	14,304	11,152	17,200
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	121,040	61,100	59,945	805	420	390
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,365	38,166	23,880	13,600	12,096	15,456
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	96,305	41,380	54,925	1,280	645	635
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,053	7,722	6,599	6,180	4,683	9,080
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	99,290	51,580	47,710	745	390	360
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	31,181	38,005	25,244	13,184	11,776	14,496
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	143,000	69,785	73,220	1,480	760	720
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	136,070	66,405	69,665	1,350	685	665
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,351	47,363	33,666	19,533	17,570	21,548
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	136,130	66,410	69,720	1,355	685	670
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,985	39,201	29,018	18,832	16,616	21,107
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	120,885	61,030	59,855	810	420	390
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,892	45,831	31,817	19,307	18,856	19,790
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	96,355	41,390	54,960	1,280	640	640
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,188	8,409	8,022	8,428	6,459	10,404
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	99,150	51,265	47,885	750	390	360
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,687	44,724	32,224	18,974	18,406	19,590
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	143,005	69,780	73,220	1,480	760	725
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	49,405	26,920	22,475	235	110	125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	48,061	53,572	42,716	31,680	33,792	29,248
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	54,571	60,455	47,523	31,886	32,143	31,661
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.8	89.1	81.3	59.2	64.8	54.0
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	70.1	73.1	66.1	53.2	58.7	49.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.2	10.9	18.7	41.0	35.0	46.0
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	143,230	69,950	73,285	1,480	765	720
Without total income	6,990	3,340	3,650	130	75	55
With total income	136,240	66,605	69,630	1,350	685	670
Percentage with total income	95.1	95.2	95.0	91.2	89.5	93.1
Under $10,000 (including loss)	19,175	7,820	11,350	530	320	210
$10,000 to $19,999	23,745	8,775	14,975	335	160	180
$20,000 to $29,999	21,015	8,490	12,525	180	75	110
$30,000 to $39,999	17,505	8,270	9,230	145	60	85
$40,000 to $49,999	15,085	7,850	7,240	70	30	35
$50,000 to $59,999	11,255	6,740	4,510	45	25	25
$60,000 to $69,999	8,765	5,695	3,070	25	5	15
$70,000 to $79,999	6,280	3,740	2,540	15	10	5
$80,000 to $89,999	4,215	2,540	1,675	5	5	5
$90,000 to $99,999	2,510	1,700	815	5	0	0
$100,000 and over	6,685	4,985	1,700	5	5	0
$100,000 to $149,999	4,805	3,540	1,265	0	5	0
$150,000 and over	1,875	1,445	430	0	0	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	143,235	69,950	73,285	1,485	765	720
Without after-tax income	6,925	3,340	3,590	130	75	55
With after-tax income	136,305	66,610	69,690	1,355	685	665
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.2	95.1	91.2	89.5	92.4
Under $10,000 (including loss)	19,915	7,935	11,980	525	320	205
$10,000 to $19,999	25,145	9,370	15,780	350	165	185
$20,000 to $29,999	24,745	10,400	14,345	190	85	110
$30,000 to $39,999	21,425	10,685	10,745	135	55	80
$40,000 to $49,999	16,620	9,520	7,095	70	35	35
$50,000 to $59,999	11,505	7,435	4,070	40	15	25
$60,000 to $69,999	7,155	4,210	2,945	25	10	15
$70,000 to $79,999	3,695	2,470	1,225	10	5	5
$80,000 and over	6,095	4,585	1,510	5	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	2,135	1,570	565	5	0	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,220	930	285	5	0	5
$100,000 and over	2,745	2,085	660	5	0	5
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	143,230	69,950	73,285	1,480	760	720
Without employment income	43,940	18,365	25,575	735	375	365
With employment income	99,295	51,580	47,710	745	390	355
Percentage with employment income	69.3	73.7	65.1	50.3	51.3	49.3
Under $5,000 (including loss)	12,625	5,860	6,775	235	135	105
$5,000 to $9,999	8,475	3,645	4,830	85	45	45
$10,000 to $19,999	14,275	6,305	7,970	150	75	70
$20,000 to $29,999	12,965	5,685	7,285	90	50	45
$30,000 to $39,999	11,105	5,465	5,645	90	40	45
$40,000 to $49,999	10,360	5,440	4,925	40	25	15
$50,000 to $59,999	7,915	4,935	2,980	20	10	10
$60,000 to $69,999	6,540	4,300	2,240	15	5	10
$70,000 to $79,999	4,935	2,805	2,130	10	5	0
$80,000 and over	10,090	7,150	2,940	5	5	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,215	1,990	1,220	5	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	1,945	1,315	620	0	0	0
$100,000 and over	4,935	3,835	1,100	0	0	0
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	73,210	...	...	480	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	62,343	...	...	48,128	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,884	...	...	45,184	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	19,525	...	...	60	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,587	...	...	21,568	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,678	...	...	21,525	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	53,685	...	...	420	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,211	...	...	52,768	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	66,562	...	...	51,226	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	73,165	...	...	485	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	75,044	...	...	54,869	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	63,234	...	...	52,901	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	19,520	...	...	60	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,854	...	...	24,193	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,166	...	...	22,556	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	53,645	...	...	420	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	88,210	...	...	59,327	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	74,173	...	...	57,310	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	73,210	...	...	480	...	...
Under $5,000	1,045	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,585	...	...	5	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,525	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,475	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,475	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,405	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,815	...	...	35	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,550	...	...	40	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,480	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,360	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,375	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	6,085	...	...	50	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5,415	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,715	...	...	30	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,905	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	18,000	...	...	55	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	7,140	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,530	...	...	20	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,070	...	...	5	...	...
$200,000 and over	2,265	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	73,210	...	...	480	...	...
Under $5,000	1,090	...	...	10	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	1,600	...	...	10	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,555	...	...	25	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	3,635	...	...	20	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,925	...	...	40	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,870	...	...	25	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	4,365	...	...	40	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	4,310	...	...	30	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	4,185	...	...	30	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	4,195	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	7,730	...	...	50	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	6,955	...	...	45	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5,710	...	...	25	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,755	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,640	...	...	15	...	...
$100,000 and over	11,690	...	...	50	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,155	...	...	25	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	2,850	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	2,685	...	...	10	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	51,475	...	...	420	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,577	...	...	49,856	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	66,736	...	...	48,832	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	4.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	22,975	...	...	50	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	71,841	...	...	32,224	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	62,952	...	...	30,944	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	20,105	...	...	175	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	97,494	...	...	64,512	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	83,537	...	...	62,464	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	7,205	...	...	140	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	43,341	...	...	37,760	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,841	...	...	37,536	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	3.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	51,485	...	...	425	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	88,444	...	...	57,511	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	74,246	...	...	55,574	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	23,025	...	...	45	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	82,810	...	...	48,692	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	69,479	...	...	45,259	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	20,050	...	...	175	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	109,333	...	...	73,099	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	90,659	...	...	70,606	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	7,230	...	...	140	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,881	...	...	43,964	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,662	...	...	42,935	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	26,055	12,690	13,365	105	60	45
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,520	31,430	26,500	19,264	18,272	19,989
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,333	28,166	24,894	19,008	18,144	19,179
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	25,930	12,560	13,370	105	60	45
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,130	38,112	34,268	20,937	20,533	21,450
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,001	32,146	29,924	19,689	19,732	19,633
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	171,345	84,225	87,120	2,055	1,040	1,010
In the bottom half of the distribution	98,990	47,575	51,410	1,815	925	890
In the bottom decile	19,650	9,370	10,275	635	330	305
In the second decile	20,735	9,390	11,345	470	245	230
In the third decile	19,925	9,680	10,245	335	170	165
In the fourth decile	20,005	9,875	10,130	250	115	135
In the fifth decile	18,675	9,265	9,415	125	65	60
In the top half of the distribution	72,355	36,650	35,705	240	120	120
In the sixth decile	18,450	9,325	9,125	90	45	50
In the seventh decile	17,425	8,875	8,550	60	30	30
In the eighth decile	15,410	7,735	7,670	50	25	25
In the ninth decile	12,540	6,370	6,170	25	10	10
In the top decile	8,530	4,340	4,185	10	5	5
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	168,240	82,710	85,530	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	33,075	16,885	16,190	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	10,580	5,350	5,230	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	105,815	52,020	53,795	0	0	0
65 years and over	29,355	13,810	15,545	0	0	0
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	28,095	12,895	15,200	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	7,175	3,645	3,530	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	2,515	1,265	1,250	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	15,680	7,180	8,500	0	0	0
65 years and over	5,245	2,070	3,170	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	16.7	15.6	17.8	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	21.7	21.6	21.8	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	23.8	23.6	23.9	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	14.8	13.8	15.8	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	17.9	15.0	20.4	...	...	...
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	12,020	5,900	6,120	0	0	0
0 to 17 years	2,790	1,440	1,350	0	0	0
0 to 5 years	1,000	505	490	0	0	0
18 to 64 years	8,745	4,260	4,480	0	0	0
65 years and over	490	200	290	0	0	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	7.1	7.1	7.2	...	...	...
0 to 17 years (%)	8.4	8.5	8.3	...	...	...
0 to 5 years (%)	9.5	9.4	9.4	...	...	...
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	8.2	8.3	...	...	...
65 years and over (%)	1.7	1.4	1.9	...	...	...
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	171,140	84,140	87,000	2,055	1,040	1,010
Official languages	170,385	83,790	86,595	2,055	1,045	1,010
English	169,755	83,445	86,310	2,055	1,040	1,015
French	31,005	13,790	17,210	15	0	15
Non-official languages	11,360	5,595	5,765	340	170	170
Aboriginal languages	835	380	455	320	160	160
Algonquian languages	800	380	425	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	10	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	790	375	415	0	0	0
Malecite	690	335	360	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	120	55	65	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	25	0	20	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	20	0	20	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	310	150	160
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	305	155	155
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	10	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	10,545	5,220	5,325	20	10	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	1,585	790	795	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	1,590	790	795	0	0	0
Amharic	55	35	20	0	0	0
Arabic	1,280	635	650	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	250	120	125	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	10	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	300	165	135	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	295	160	135	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	330	130	205	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	15	10	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	35	15	20	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	275	115	160	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	65	55	10	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	30	25	10	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	35	35	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	200	105	95	0	10	0
Kannada	15	10	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	10	0	10	10	10
Tamil	135	75	60	10	10	0
Telugu	75	35	40	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	5,900	2,845	3,055	15	10	10
Albanian	50	30	25	0	0	0
Armenian	45	20	25	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,050	555	490	0	0	0
Baltic languages	50	30	20	0	0	0
Latvian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	35	25	10	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,015	530	485	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	55	25	25	0	0	0
Bulgarian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Croatian	75	35	45	0	0	0
Czech	30	20	15	0	0	0
Macedonian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Polish	130	65	60	0	0	0
Russian	630	335	300	0	0	0
Serbian	80	55	20	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	10	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	95	30	65	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	75	25	50	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	40	10	35	0	0	0
Welsh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	1,825	865	955	0	0	0
Afrikaans	15	10	0	0	0	0
Danish	110	35	70	0	0	0
Dutch	570	265	305	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	1,190	590	595	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Swedish	30	15	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	10	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	75	35	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	1,125	580	545	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	760	405	355	0	0	0
Bengali	110	80	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	50	30	25	0	0	0
Hindi	360	180	180	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	30	15	20	0	0	0
Nepali	170	85	90	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	80	40	35	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Urdu	110	60	50	0	0	0
Iranian languages	400	195	200	0	0	0
Kurdish	60	30	30	0	0	0
Pashto	35	25	10	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	305	145	160	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,920	880	1,040	10	10	10
Catalan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	210	80	130	0	0	0
Portuguese	155	85	70	0	0	0
Romanian	110	50	55	0	0	0
Spanish	1,530	705	825	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japanese	120	45	70	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	460	235	225	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	300	190	115	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	10	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	20	10	0	0	0	0
Lingala	10	0	10	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	45	25	20	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	35	20	10	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	75	45	25	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	40	30	10	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	115	65	50	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	260	100	160	0	0	0
American Sign Language	110	30	75	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	150	70	85	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	1,395	750	645	0	0	0
Chinese languages	1,390	750	640	0	0	0
Cantonese	150	80	70	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	1,185	660	530	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	35	10	25	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	70	40	40	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	55	40	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	10	25	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	40	10	30	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	30	0	25	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	50	25	25	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	85	40	45	0	0	0
Estonian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	65	30	35	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	35	25	10	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	171,140	84,140	87,000	0	0	0
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	164,860	80,980	83,880	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged under 18	32,735	16,780	15,955	0	0	0
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	132,130	64,205	67,920	0	0	0
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	6,280	3,155	3,125	0	0	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	171,145	84,140	87,000	0	0	0
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	158,840	78,130	80,710	0	0	0
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	11,000	5,195	5,805	0	0	0
Before 1981	3,370	1,575	1,800	0	0	0
1981 to 1990	930	405	520	0	0	0
1991 to 2000	1,190	545	650	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	2,445	1,155	1,295	0	0	0
2001 to 2005	830	370	455	0	0	0
2006 to 2010	1,620	785	835	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	3,065	1,515	1,555	0	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	1,300	815	480	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	10,995	5,195	5,805	0	0	0
Under 5 years	1,565	690	870	0	0	0
5 to 14 years	2,380	1,150	1,230	0	0	0
15 to 24 years	2,010	865	1,145	0	0	0
25 to 44 years	4,105	1,970	2,140	0	0	0
45 years and over	935	515	420	0	0	0
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	11,000	5,195	5,805	0	0	0
Americas	2,595	1,160	1,430	0	0	0
Brazil	15	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	70	35	35	0	0	0
El Salvador	70	45	25	0	0	0
Guyana	20	0	20	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	40	35	10	0	0	0
Mexico	30	15	15	0	0	0
Peru	10	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	35	20	15	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	2,080	890	1,185	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	210	90	120	0	0	0
Europe	3,705	1,740	1,970	0	0	0
Bosnia and Herzegovina	70	35	40	0	0	0
Croatia	25	0	15	0	0	0
France	100	50	50	0	0	0
Germany	655	255	405	0	0	0
Greece	15	0	10	0	0	0
Hungary	30	15	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	50	35	20	0	0	0
Italy	40	25	15	0	0	0
Netherlands	465	240	225	0	0	0
Poland	75	30	40	0	0	0
Portugal	50	25	20	0	0	0
Romania	80	35	40	0	0	0
Russian Federation	100	50	45	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	20	15	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	135	55	80	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	1,460	720	740	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	345	150	195	0	0	0
Africa	640	345	290	0	0	0
Algeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	45	30	15	0	0	0
Ethiopia	50	25	30	0	0	0
Kenya	20	10	0	0	0	0
Morocco	30	15	15	0	0	0
Nigeria	75	35	40	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	25	10	10	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	385	210	175	0	0	0
Asia	3,975	1,910	2,065	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bangladesh	60	30	25	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	850	420	430	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	40	25	15	0	0	0
India	350	170	185	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	255	115	140	0	0	0
Iraq	50	20	30	0	0	0
Japan	20	10	15	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	430	230	195	0	0	0
Lebanon	185	95	90	0	0	0
Pakistan	75	35	40	0	0	0
Philippines	285	100	185	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	25	10	15	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	495	240	255	0	0	0
Taiwan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Viet Nam	265	140	130	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	560	265	295	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	80	35	50	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	3,070	1,510	1,555	0	0	0
Americas	220	120	100	0	0	0
Brazil	10	10	10	0	0	0
Colombia	25	20	10	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	10	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	115	55	60	0	0	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	55	30	25	0	0	0
Europe	450	245	200	0	0	0
France	25	15	10	0	0	0
Germany	45	35	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	20	15	10	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Romania	25	15	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	40	15	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	25	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	110	70	40	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	115	55	65	0	0	0
Africa	255	130	125	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	25	10	15	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	45	20	20	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	40	15	25	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	145	80	65	0	0	0
Asia	2,135	1,015	1,120	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	15	10	10	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	470	235	235	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	10	0	0	0	0	0
India	85	35	45	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	135	70	65	0	0	0
Iraq	40	15	25	0	0	0
Israel	65	25	35	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	130	75	60	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	40	15	25	0	0	0
Pakistan	25	10	20	0	0	0
Philippines	205	80	125	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	480	220	250	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	30	25	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	230	120	105	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	160	55	100	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	10	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	171,140	84,140	87,000	2,055	1,040	1,015
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	13,570	6,700	6,870	90	60	30
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	13,780	6,725	7,055	120	60	60
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	143,795	70,715	73,080	1,840	925	920
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	7,710	3,645	4,065	0	0	0
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	4,750	2,445	2,300	0	0	0
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	1,720	1,305	410	0	0	0
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	3,030	1,140	1,890	0	0	0
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,790	630	1,160	0	0	0
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	1,145	560	585	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	25	10	15	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	171,140	84,140	87,000	2,055	1,040	1,010
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	8,135	3,980	4,155	1,965	990	975
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	7,815	3,840	3,975	1,960	990	970
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	6,120	2,950	3,175	1,955	990	965
Métis	1,600	850	745	0	0	0
Inuk (Inuit)	95	40	55	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	105	55	55	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	215	85	130	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	163,005	80,165	82,845	90	45	35
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	171,140	84,140	87,000	2,055	1,040	1,015
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	5,225	2,540	2,685	1,945	980	960
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	165,915	81,600	84,315	110	65	50
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	171,140	84,140	87,005	2,055	1,040	1,010
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	3,525	1,725	1,805	1,800	915	885
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	3,495	1,710	1,785	1,800	910	885
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	3,330	1,630	1,700	1,795	915	880
Métis single ancestry	155	80	75	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	20	10	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	30	10	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	15	0	15	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	15	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	8,410	4,025	4,385	155	70	80
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	8,205	3,930	4,275	135	65	75
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	6,445	3,105	3,340	135	65	75
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,580	720	865	0	0	0
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	180	105	75	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	205	95	110	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	155	70	85	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	15	20	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	159,205	78,390	80,810	100	55	45
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	171,140	84,140	87,000	2,055	1,040	1,015
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	7,745	3,955	3,795	10	0	10
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	1,130	600	530	0	10	0
Chinese	1,500	765	735	0	0	0
Black	1,665	820	840	0	0	0
Filipino	370	165	200	0	0	0
Latin American	445	260	185	0	0	0
Arab	975	490	490	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	435	235	205	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	355	180	175	0	0	0
Korean	465	245	220	0	0	0
Japanese	45	10	35	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	115	45	70	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	250	140	105	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	163,395	80,190	83,205	2,045	1,040	1,010
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	171,145	84,140	87,000	2,055	1,045	1,010
North American Aboriginal origins	11,930	5,750	6,190	1,955	990	965
First Nations (North American Indian)	9,980	4,820	5,160	1,950	985	965
Inuit	255	140	110	0	0	0
Métis	1,930	885	1,040	25	10	10
Other North American origins	82,730	40,715	42,015	55	30	30
Acadian	2,780	1,335	1,445	0	0	0
American	2,270	1,135	1,135	25	15	10
Canadian	79,885	39,325	40,560	30	10	20
New Brunswicker	30	15	15	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	145	65	85	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ontarian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	160	100	60	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	10	0	0	0	0
European origins	114,150	55,645	58,500	160	85	80
British Isles origins	96,280	46,810	49,470	120	70	55
Channel Islander	10	10	10	0	0	0
Cornish	20	10	15	0	0	0
English	54,160	26,200	27,960	70	40	30
Irish	42,615	20,065	22,545	30	15	10
Manx	25	15	0	0	0	0
Scottish	44,045	21,225	22,825	35	25	10
Welsh	4,220	2,050	2,170	10	0	0
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,805	1,780	2,025	10	0	10
French origins	28,030	13,520	14,515	20	0	10
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	10	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	28,035	13,515	14,515	20	10	10
Western European origins (except French origins)	17,145	8,315	8,830	25	15	15
Austrian	310	180	125	10	0	0
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	590	260	330	0	0	0
Dutch	6,295	2,995	3,300	10	0	10
Flemish	40	35	10	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	10,825	5,245	5,585	15	0	10
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	375	185	190	0	0	0
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,705	1,725	1,985	20	10	10
Danish	1,635	755	880	0	0	0
Finnish	200	110	95	10	0	10
Icelandic	95	50	40	0	0	0
Norwegian	1,020	495	525	10	0	0
Swedish	615	260	355	0	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	295	125	165	10	0	0
Eastern European origins	4,290	2,035	2,260	25	10	10
Bulgarian	55	25	30	0	0	0
Byelorussian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Czech	155	70	85	0	0	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	50	20	30	0	0	0
Estonian	65	25	45	0	0	0
Hungarian	435	210	225	0	0	0
Latvian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	120	50	65	0	0	0
Moldovan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Polish	1,390	615	770	0	0	0
Romanian	220	115	110	0	0	0
Russian	925	425	500	10	0	0
Slovak	105	65	40	0	0	0
Ukrainian	1,275	650	625	0	0	10
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	25	15	10	0	0	0
Southern European origins	4,015	2,050	1,965	15	10	10
Albanian	90	50	45	0	0	0
Bosnian	95	45	45	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	100	45	60	0	0	0
Cypriot	10	0	10	0	0	0
Greek	290	140	145	0	0	0
Italian	2,255	1,095	1,155	10	10	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	30	25	10	0	0	0
Maltese	15	0	15	0	0	0
Montenegrin	15	10	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	525	245	275	0	0	0
Serbian	100	75	25	0	0	0
Sicilian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovenian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Spanish	600	340	260	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	650	365	285	0	0	0
Basque	0	10	0	0	0	0
Jewish	315	160	155	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	315	190	125	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	570	290	280	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	20	15	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	35	10	25	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	60	35	20	0	0	0
Dominican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	245	135	110	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	50	25	25	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	25	15	15	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	70	25	45	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	60	25	40	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	725	390	335	10	10	10
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	20	20	0	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	10	0	0	0
Bolivian	25	20	10	0	0	0
Brazilian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chilean	30	10	20	0	0	0
Colombian	95	40	50	0	0	0
Costa Rican	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Guatemalan	55	20	35	0	0	0
Guyanese	50	20	25	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Honduran	40	15	20	0	0	0
Maya	70	40	35	0	0	0
Mexican	185	110	75	0	0	10
Nicaraguan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Salvadorean	60	45	20	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	10	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	30	15	15	0	0	0
African origins	1,635	795	840	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	225	130	95	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	45	25	20	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	45	35	10	0	0	0
Guinean	20	15	10	0	0	0
Ibo	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	45	25	25	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	60	25	35	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	10	10	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	25	15	10	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	10	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	280	140	140	0	0	0
Algerian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	90	50	35	0	0	0
Libyan	135	70	65	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	30	10	20	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	10	10	10	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	325	155	170	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	40	25	15	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	70	35	35	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	30	15	20	0	0	0
Rwandan	45	25	25	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	10	10	0	0	0	0
South African	55	20	35	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Zambian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	30	20	20	0	0	0
Other African origins	830	385	445	10	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	130	45	85	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	705	345	360	10	0	0
Asian origins	6,625	3,390	3,240	10	10	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	2,375	1,220	1,155	0	0	0
Afghan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	125	55	70	0	0	0
Armenian	55	20	35	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	10	0	10	0	0	0
Georgian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	340	165	175	0	0	0
Iraqi	65	25	35	0	0	0
Israeli	75	35	45	0	0	0
Jordanian	45	30	15	0	0	0
Kazakh	10	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	50	35	15	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	920	475	440	0	0	0
Palestinian	30	15	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	35	25	15	0	0	0
Syrian	565	280	285	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	10	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	85	55	20	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	30	15	10	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	10	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,280	690	585	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	100	60	40	0	0	0
Bengali	20	15	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	35	20	15	0	0	0
East Indian	875	460	420	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	145	70	80	0	0	0
Pakistani	80	50	30	0	0	0
Punjabi	20	15	10	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	50	35	15	0	0	0
Tamil	25	15	10	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	25	15	10	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	3,000	1,495	1,500	0	10	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	1,650	825	830	0	0	0
Filipino	440	200	245	10	10	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	70	35	35	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	460	245	215	0	0	0
Laotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	15	10	0	0	0
Mongolian	40	30	10	0	0	0
Singaporean	0	10	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	35	15	20	0	0	0
Thai	35	0	35	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	320	175	145	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	35	15	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	180	70	105	35	10	20
Australian	95	30	65	0	0	0
New Zealander	65	35	30	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	20	10	15	35	15	25
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	0	0	35	15	25
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	73,165	...	...	480	...	...
Owner	54,155	...	...	315	...	...
Renter	18,275	...	...	105	...	...
Band housing	730	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	73,160	...	...	485	...	...
Condominium	2,130	...	...	15	...	...
Not condominium	71,030	...	...	475	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	73,165	...	...	480	...	...
No bedrooms	120	...	...	0	...	...
1 bedroom	5,555	...	...	40	...	...
2 bedrooms	19,455	...	...	75	...	...
3 bedrooms	28,370	...	...	150	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	19,670	...	...	220	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	73,160	...	...	480	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	14,120	...	...	90	...	...
5 rooms	12,825	...	...	70	...	...
6 rooms	12,120	...	...	100	...	...
7 rooms	10,350	...	...	80	...	...
8 or more rooms	23,750	...	...	140	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.6	...	...	6.4	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	73,160	...	...	480	...	...
One person or fewer per room	72,650	...	...	420	...	...
More than 1 person per room	510	...	...	60	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	73,160	...	...	480	...	...
Suitable	71,215	...	...	360	...	...
Not suitable	1,950	...	...	120	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	73,165	...	...	480	...	...
1960 or before	16,235	...	...	35	...	...
1961 to 1980	20,815	...	...	110	...	...
1981 to 1990	10,595	...	...	100	...	...
1991 to 2000	10,275	...	...	105	...	...
2001 to 2005	5,040	...	...	50	...	...
2006 to 2010	5,715	...	...	50	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	4,490	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	73,160	...	...	480	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	66,855	...	...	365	...	...
Major repairs needed	6,305	...	...	115	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	73,160	...	...	485	...	...
1 household maintainer	43,445	...	...	290	...	...
2 household maintainers	28,580	...	...	115	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	1,140	...	...	75	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	73,160	...	...	480	...	...
15 to 24 years	3,135	...	...	10	...	...
25 to 34 years	10,365	...	...	45	...	...
35 to 44 years	11,970	...	...	80	...	...
45 to 54 years	13,780	...	...	140	...	...
55 to 64 years	14,515	...	...	110	...	...
65 to 74 years	11,315	...	...	65	...	...
75 to 84 years	6,015	...	...	30	...	...
85 years and over	2,065	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	71,295	...	...	0	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	59,780	...	...	0	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	11,505	...	...	0	...	...
30% to less than 100%	10,125	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	53,400	...	...	0	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	55.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	9.8	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	750	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	899	...	...	0	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	170,186	...	...	0	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	183,356	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	18,200	...	...	0	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	12.7	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	34.9	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	795	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	807	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	143,005	69,785	73,220	1,480	760	720
No certificate, diploma or degree	25,040	13,290	11,750	725	380	340
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	43,700	21,865	21,835	295	150	145
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	74,260	34,625	39,640	465	230	230
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	11,790	8,440	3,350	150	115	35
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	6,190	3,570	2,615	100	65	30
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	5,605	4,870	730	55	45	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	29,425	11,645	17,780	185	75	115
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,275	815	1,460	70	25	45
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	30,765	13,720	17,050	60	15	40
Bachelor's degree	21,160	9,055	12,105	45	15	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,560	640	920	10	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	675	360	315	0	0	0
Master's degree	6,025	2,765	3,260	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	1,355	900	455	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	92,645	45,365	47,285	970	480	485
No certificate, diploma or degree	9,165	5,530	3,635	440	225	215
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	27,460	14,195	13,270	180	90	85
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	56,020	25,640	30,380	350	165	185
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	7,970	5,705	2,265	110	85	25
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	4,160	2,355	1,805	80	50	25
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	3,810	3,350	455	35	30	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	22,385	8,975	13,410	140	55	85
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,520	595	920	60	20	40
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	24,140	10,360	13,780	40	10	35
Bachelor's degree	16,710	7,000	9,705	35	0	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,200	465	730	0	0	0
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	565	270	295	0	0	0
Master's degree	4,720	2,045	2,675	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	950	580	370	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	143,005	69,785	73,220	1,480	760	720
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	68,740	35,160	33,585	1,015	530	490
Education	6,445	1,675	4,770	25	10	20
13. Education	6,445	1,675	4,775	20	0	20
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,665	675	995	15	10	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	290	215	75	10	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,380	460	920	10	0	0
Humanities	4,280	1,795	2,485	20	10	10
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	255	80	180	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	950	295	655	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	1,055	335	720	10	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	25	0	25	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	285	155	135	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	745	460	290	0	0	0
54. History	765	430	335	10	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	200	45	160	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	7,360	2,200	5,160	45	10	40
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	65	10	50	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	580	245	335	10	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,285	65	1,225	30	0	30
22. Legal professions and studies	1,310	400	910	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	45	80	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,570	370	1,195	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	2,420	1,065	1,355	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	14,750	4,115	10,630	95	30	65
30.16 Accounting and computer science	55	10	45	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,360	250	1,105	10	10	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	13,340	3,855	9,485	85	25	60
Physical and life sciences and technologies	2,355	1,260	1,095	10	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	1,025	465	555	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	505	235	270	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	30	10	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	665	490	175	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	130	55	70	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	3,325	2,205	1,125	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,970	2,055	920	0	0	0
25. Library science	185	35	150	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	165	110	55	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	15,820	14,870	950	120	115	10
04. Architecture and related services	135	90	45	0	0	0
14. Engineering	3,050	2,645	405	10	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,770	2,470	295	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,035	3,980	55	70	65	10
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,275	4,170	110	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,550	1,505	50	25	25	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,035	1,585	455	25	20	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	815	540	275	10	0	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	1,225	1,045	175	15	15	0
Health and related fields	11,035	1,530	9,500	70	10	60
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	850	325	530	0	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	9,955	1,075	8,880	70	10	55
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	235	140	95	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,190	2,710	2,480	45	20	25
12. Personal and culinary services	2,770	580	2,190	30	10	15
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	100	85	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	170	160	10	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,050	840	205	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,105	1,040	60	15	15	0
Other	10	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	10	10	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	92,650	45,360	47,280	965	480	485
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	36,630	19,725	16,905	615	315	300
Education	4,305	1,030	3,270	15	0	15
13. Education	4,300	1,030	3,275	20	0	15
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,260	515	745	10	0	10
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	215	160	55	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,045	360	690	10	0	0
Humanities	3,115	1,225	1,890	10	0	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	225	70	155	10	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	655	185	475	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	800	235	565	0	0	10
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	20	10	15	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	210	110	105	0	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	525	315	210	0	0	0
54. History	555	290	260	0	0	0
55. French language and literature/letters	130	25	105	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	5,905	1,620	4,280	40	10	35
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	35	10	25	0	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	485	210	275	0	0	0
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	990	40	945	30	0	25
22. Legal professions and studies	1,105	270	830	0	0	10
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	90	30	70	0	0	0
42. Psychology	1,260	275	985	0	0	0
45. Social sciences	1,940	795	1,145	10	0	0
Business, management and public administration	11,400	3,220	8,185	75	15	55
30.16 Accounting and computer science	50	10	40	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,135	195	935	10	10	10
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	10,220	3,005	7,205	65	15	55
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,720	860	860	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	780	330	455	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	345	160	180	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	10	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	460	320	135	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	115	45	70	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	2,890	1,950	940	0	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	2,640	1,830	810	0	0	0
25. Library science	125	30	100	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	120	90	35	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,590	10,795	795	95	90	10
04. Architecture and related services	100	75	30	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,380	2,020	360	0	10	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,105	1,845	260	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,970	2,925	40	55	55	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	2,970	2,895	80	10	10	0
48. Precision production	1,060	1,030	25	20	20	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,510	1,115	390	20	15	0
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	630	390	235	10	10	0
03. Natural resources and conservation	880	730	150	10	10	0
Health and related fields	8,350	1,225	7,125	55	15	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	600	245	355	10	0	0
51. Health professions and related programs	7,560	875	6,685	50	10	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	190	100	90	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	3,970	2,075	1,895	30	15	15
12. Personal and culinary services	2,120	440	1,680	20	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	85	80	10	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	120	115	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	790	635	150	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	855	810	40	10	10	0
Other	0	10	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	143,005	69,780	73,220	1,480	760	720
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	68,745	35,160	33,580	1,020	530	490
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	74,265	34,625	39,640	465	230	230
Location of study inside Canada	68,800	31,950	36,855	455	225	230
Same as province or territory of residence	52,825	24,440	28,390	435	215	220
Different than province or territory of residence	15,975	7,510	8,470	20	15	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	5,460	2,675	2,785	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,900	910	990	0	10	0
Philippines	160	45	115	0	0	0
India	215	110	105	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	675	360	325	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	430	215	215	0	0	0
France	80	55	30	0	0	0
Other	1,985	995	995	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	92,645	45,365	47,280	965	480	485
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	36,630	19,725	16,905	615	320	300
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	56,020	25,640	30,380	350	165	190
Location of study inside Canada	51,950	23,765	28,185	345	160	180
Same as province or territory of residence	39,395	17,960	21,435	335	155	180
Different than province or territory of residence	12,560	5,805	6,755	10	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,070	1,875	2,195	10	10	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,230	510	720	0	0	0
Philippines	155	45	110	0	0	0
India	140	65	65	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	345	170	175	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	415	205	215	0	0	0
France	70	35	30	0	0	0
Other	1,715	840	875	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	143,000	69,785	73,220	1,485	760	720
In the labour force	90,390	46,900	43,490	710	375	330
Employed	81,410	41,300	40,105	520	265	255
Unemployed	8,980	5,600	3,385	190	110	75
Not in the labour force	52,610	22,880	29,730	775	380	390
Participation rate	63.2	67.2	59.4	47.8	49.3	45.8
Employment rate	56.9	59.2	54.8	35.0	34.9	35.4
Unemployment rate	9.9	11.9	7.8	26.8	29.3	22.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	143,000	69,785	73,220	1,485	760	720
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	47,925	20,420	27,500	800	405	395
Worked	95,080	49,360	45,720	680	360	325
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	50,450	27,600	22,845	250	120	130
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	44,635	21,760	22,870	430	240	195
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.2	42.4	36.1	34.6	37.8
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	90,390	46,900	43,490	710	380	330
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,685	755	925	90	60	35
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	88,710	46,145	42,565	615	320	295
Employee	81,060	41,505	39,555	570	295	275
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	7,650	4,635	3,010	40	25	20
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	90,390	46,900	43,490	710	380	335
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,680	755	930	95	60	35
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	88,710	46,145	42,565	615	320	295
0 Management occupations	8,925	5,400	3,525	25	15	10
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	12,660	3,360	9,300	85	20	65
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	6,415	5,040	1,375	10	10	0
3 Health occupations	6,355	990	5,360	25	10	20
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	14,090	5,950	8,145	115	40	75
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	1,840	840	995	15	0	10
6 Sales and service occupations	19,685	7,645	12,035	185	85	100
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	13,005	12,415	595	75	70	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,035	2,445	590	55	50	10
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	2,705	2,065	645	20	15	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	90,390	46,900	43,495	710	375	335
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,680	755	925	90	60	35
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	88,710	46,145	42,565	620	320	295
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	3,560	2,695	870	60	50	0
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	425	400	30	10	0	0
22 Utilities	1,135	810	330	0	0	0
23 Construction	5,800	5,270	525	45	40	0
31-33 Manufacturing	5,335	3,875	1,460	35	20	15
41 Wholesale trade	2,100	1,665	430	0	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	10,305	4,635	5,670	60	25	35
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	4,180	3,085	1,095	10	10	0
51 Information and cultural industries	1,830	1,065	770	10	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	2,050	630	1,410	0	0	0
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,030	590	440	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	4,895	2,840	2,060	10	0	10
55 Management of companies and enterprises	85	55	35	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	3,750	1,985	1,765	40	20	20
61 Educational services	7,400	2,485	4,910	35	15	20
62 Health care and social assistance	10,840	1,525	9,315	115	30	85
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,165	605	555	30	15	15
72 Accommodation and food services	5,585	1,965	3,620	65	25	35
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,870	1,815	2,055	10	10	10
91 Public administration	13,370	8,150	5,220	85	40	50
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	81,410	41,305	40,105	525	265	255
Worked at home	4,965	2,405	2,560	25	15	15
Worked outside Canada	355	235	120	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	8,775	6,510	2,260	75	55	25
Worked at usual place	67,315	32,150	35,160	420	200	220
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	67,315	32,150	35,160	420	200	225
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	30,460	14,580	15,880	235	95	140
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	24,675	11,730	12,945	160	90	70
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	11,180	5,145	6,035	20	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	995	700	295	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	76,090	38,665	37,425	500	250	245
Car, truck, van - as a driver	63,765	33,120	30,645	365	175	185
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	5,665	2,100	3,565	90	45	40
Public transit	1,485	760	725	10	10	0
Walked	3,670	1,800	1,875	25	15	10
Bicycle	475	305	170	10	10	0
Other method	1,030	580	440	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	76,085	38,665	37,420	500	250	245
Less than 15 minutes	31,565	15,590	15,975	275	130	150
15 to 29 minutes	29,200	14,670	14,535	145	75	75
30 to 44 minutes	9,530	5,020	4,510	30	25	10
45 to 59 minutes	2,845	1,415	1,430	10	10	0
60 minutes and over	2,945	1,965	975	30	20	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	76,090	38,665	37,420	495	255	245
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	3,455	2,315	1,140	30	20	15
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	12,250	7,460	4,795	70	45	20
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	28,540	14,725	13,820	120	65	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	15,555	6,625	8,935	170	80	100
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,250	2,410	3,840	40	15	20
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,035	5,135	4,905	65	30	35
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	97,710	50,545	47,165	725	375	345
Single responses	96,175	49,935	46,240	720	375	340
Official languages	95,895	49,775	46,120	715	375	345
English	94,305	49,250	45,055	715	375	345
French	1,595	520	1,070	0	0	0
Non-official languages	285	170	115	10	0	0
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Malecite	10	0	10	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	270	160	110	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	25	15	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	10	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	20	10	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	25	25	10	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	25	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	10	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	15	0	15	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	15	10	10	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	15	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	15	10	0	0	0
American Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	10	10	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	125	70	55	0	0	0
Chinese languages	125	65	60	0	0	0
Cantonese	10	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	105	55	55	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,535	610	925	10	0	0
English and French	1,405	560	840	0	0	0
English and non-official language	120	50	75	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	97,710	50,545	47,160	720	370	350
None	87,900	46,150	41,750	665	350	315
English	1,200	460	740	0	0	0
French	7,965	3,580	4,385	0	0	10
Non-official language	605	340	265	60	25	35
Aboriginal	130	40	85	60	25	35
Non-Aboriginal	475	290	180	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	10	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	30	15	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	169,380	83,225	86,155	2,010	1,025	990
Non-movers	146,890	72,235	74,655	1,825	920	905
Movers	22,490	10,990	11,500	185	100	85
Non-migrants	11,400	5,625	5,780	130	75	55
Migrants	11,095	5,370	5,725	60	20	35
Internal migrants	9,565	4,605	4,960	55	20	30
Intraprovincial migrants	5,940	2,785	3,155	50	25	30
Interprovincial migrants	3,620	1,820	1,805	0	0	0
External migrants	1,535	765	765	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	162,015	79,435	82,575	1,895	970	930
Non-movers	105,570	51,965	53,600	1,390	710	680
Movers	56,440	27,465	28,975	500	260	250
Non-migrants	26,265	12,645	13,620	300	155	145
Migrants	30,175	14,820	15,355	205	100	105
Internal migrants	26,430	12,860	13,575	190	90	105
Intraprovincial migrants	16,040	7,560	8,480	185	85	100
Interprovincial migrants	10,395	5,300	5,090	10	10	10
External migrants	3,745	1,965	1,780	10	10	10

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick and Cowichan, IRI [Census subdivision], British Columbia (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 15, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick and Cowichan, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

Census Profile, 2016 Census Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick and Cowichan, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Zone 3 (Fredericton area) [Health region, December 2017], New Brunswick and Cowichan, Indian reserve [Census subdivision], British Columbia