Census Profile, 2016 Census
Grey Bruce Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario and Minitonas, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Grey Bruce Health Unit, Ontario [Health region, December 2017]			Minitonas, RM Manitoba [Dissolved census subdivision]
	Data quality , Grey Bruce Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Map : Grey Bruce Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Minitonas, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	161,977	...	...	926	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	158,670	...	...	996	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	2.1	...	...	-7.0	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	88,743	...	...	396	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	68,429	...	...	359	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	18.8	...	...	0.8	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	8,603.70	...	...	1,197.67	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	161,975	79,725	82,255	925	485	440
0 to 14 years	24,655	12,535	12,120	160	80	80
0 to 4 years	8,310	4,225	4,080	50	25	25
5 to 9 years	8,305	4,205	4,100	45	25	25
10 to 14 years	8,045	4,100	3,945	60	25	30
15 to 64 years	98,620	48,910	49,705	605	310	290
15 to 19 years	8,580	4,460	4,125	55	30	25
20 to 24 years	8,260	4,230	4,030	50	25	30
25 to 29 years	8,030	4,080	3,955	55	25	25
30 to 34 years	8,435	4,240	4,190	35	15	15
35 to 39 years	8,035	4,025	4,010	45	25	20
40 to 44 years	7,860	3,920	3,940	60	30	30
45 to 49 years	9,110	4,410	4,700	65	30	30
50 to 54 years	12,455	6,035	6,420	90	40	45
55 to 59 years	13,930	6,730	7,200	80	45	35
60 to 64 years	13,920	6,775	7,140	70	40	30
65 years and over	38,705	18,280	20,425	160	95	65
65 to 69 years	12,945	6,410	6,535	65	35	30
70 to 74 years	9,385	4,675	4,710	45	25	20
75 to 79 years	6,630	3,220	3,410	30	20	10
80 to 84 years	4,915	2,215	2,700	10	10	5
85 years and over	4,830	1,760	3,070	15	5	5
85 to 89 years	3,090	1,235	1,855	10	0	5
90 to 94 years	1,385	440	940	5	5	0
95 to 99 years	300	70	225	0	0	0
100 years and over	60	10	50	0	0	0
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	15.2	15.7	14.7	17.3	16.5	18.2
15 to 64 years	60.9	61.3	60.4	65.4	63.9	65.9
65 years and over	23.9	22.9	24.8	17.3	19.6	14.8
85 years and over	3.0	2.2	3.7	1.6	1.0	1.1
Average age of the population	45.1	44.3	46.0	41.9	43.0	40.7
Median age of the population	49.0	47.8	50.1	45.3	46.4	44.1
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	68,430	...	...	360	...	...
Single-detached house	54,850	...	...	360	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	930	...	...	0	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	11,935	...	...	0	...	...
Semi-detached house	1,430	...	...	0	...	...
Row house	2,860	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	900	...	...	0	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	6,495	...	...	0	...	...
Other single-attached house	260	...	...	0	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	710	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	68,425	...	...	360	...	...
1 person	19,065	...	...	65	...	...
2 persons	28,300	...	...	160	...	...
3 persons	8,795	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	7,695	...	...	55	...	...
5 or more persons	4,580	...	...	35	...	...
Number of persons in private households	158,450	...	...	925	...	...
Average household size	2.3	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	137,325	67,190	70,135	770	405	355
Married or living common law	87,055	43,490	43,565	550	275	275
Married	73,470	36,720	36,745	490	245	245
Living common law	13,590	6,775	6,815	60	30	30
Not married and not living common law	50,265	23,700	26,570	215	135	80
Never married	28,790	16,215	12,575	145	95	55
Separated	3,790	1,775	2,015	5	5	5
Divorced	7,790	3,470	4,315	20	10	10
Widowed	9,900	2,235	7,665	40	20	15
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	48,600	...	...	295	...	...
2 persons	28,935	...	...	170	...	...
3 persons	8,485	...	...	45	...	...
4 persons	7,335	...	...	50	...	...
5 or more persons	3,840	...	...	30	...	...
Average size of census families	2.8	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	48,595	...	...	295	...	...
Total couple families	42,770	...	...	275	...	...
Married couples	35,980	...	...	245	...	...
Common-law couples	6,795	...	...	30	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	5,825	...	...	25	...	...
Female parent	4,470	...	...	15	...	...
Male parent	1,350	...	...	5	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	42,775	...	...	275	...	...
Couples without children	25,335	...	...	155	...	...
Couples with children	17,440	...	...	120	...	...
1 child	6,875	...	...	35	...	...
2 children	6,875	...	...	50	...	...
3 or more children	3,690	...	...	30	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	5,825	...	...	25	...	...
1 child	3,605	...	...	15	...	...
2 children	1,610	...	...	5	...	...
3 or more children	610	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	24,500	11,725	12,780	85	65	25
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	68,430	...	...	360	...	...
One-census-family households	47,115	...	...	285	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	24,695	...	...	150	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	22,415	...	...	135	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	735	...	...	5	...	...
Non-census-family households	20,580	...	...	70	...	...
One-person households	19,065	...	...	65	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	1,515	...	...	5	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	159,750	78,955	80,800	925	485	435
English only	150,105	74,850	75,250	915	480	430
French only	30	10	20	0	0	0
English and French	8,740	3,685	5,055	10	5	10
Neither English nor French	875	405	470	0	0	0
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	159,750	78,955	80,795	925	485	435
English	157,455	77,890	79,565	925	485	440
French	1,325	615	710	0	0	0
English and French	120	60	60	0	0	0
Neither English nor French	850	390	460	0	0	0
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	1,385	645	740	0	0	5
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	0.9	0.8	0.9	0.0	0.0	1.1
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	159,750	78,955	80,795	925	490	440
Single responses	158,850	78,520	80,330	920	485	435
Official languages	147,560	73,000	74,565	875	460	410
English	146,120	72,330	73,795	875	465	410
French	1,440	670	770	5	0	5
Non-official languages	11,285	5,520	5,765	45	25	25
Aboriginal languages	230	100	125	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	220	100	115	0	0	5
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	5	0	5	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	5	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	210	100	110	5	0	5
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	215	100	115	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	5	0	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	11,055	5,415	5,640	45	20	25
Afro-Asiatic languages	155	85	70	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages	150	85	70	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	120	65	55	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	5	5	0	0	0
Maltese	20	10	10	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	0	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	30	15	15	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	215	60	155	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	5	0	5	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	5	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	190	55	130	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	80	40	40	0	0	0
Kannada	5	5	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	40	20	25	0	0	0
Tamil	30	15	15	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	9,710	4,830	4,880	45	20	20
Albanian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,090	520	570	20	10	10
Baltic languages	65	25	40	0	0	0
Latvian	35	20	15	0	0	0
Lithuanian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,030	485	535	15	10	10
Belarusan	0	5	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	10	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	10	5	10	0	0	0
Croatian	100	55	45	0	0	0
Czech	125	65	60	5	5	0
Macedonian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Polish	350	165	180	0	0	0
Russian	130	50	75	0	0	0
Serbian	65	30	30	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	50	20	30	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	25	15	15	0	0	0
Ukrainian	125	50	70	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	5	5	0	0	0	0
Welsh	5	0	5	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Germanic languages	6,995	3,460	3,540	25	10	15
Afrikaans	25	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	80	50	30	0	0	0
Dutch	1,515	770	750	0	0	0
Frisian	20	10	10	0	0	0
German	5,295	2,590	2,700	20	10	10
Icelandic	5	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Swedish	25	10	20	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Yiddish	5	5	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	100	55	45	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	565	295	270	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	495	260	240	0	0	0
Bengali	35	20	15	0	0	0
Gujarati	110	55	55	0	0	0
Hindi	65	30	35	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	10	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	5	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	105	55	55	0	0	0
Sindhi	10	5	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	5	0	5	0	0	0
Urdu	145	85	65	0	0	0
Iranian languages	70	40	35	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Pashto	10	5	5	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	50	25	25	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	920	490	435	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	335	205	135	0	0	0
Portuguese	245	135	115	0	0	0
Romanian	85	40	40	0	0	0
Spanish	260	110	150	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	0	5	0	0	0
Japanese	40	15	25	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	160	60	100	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	5	0	0	0
Swahili	5	5	5	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	20	10	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	270	125	145	0	0	0
Chinese languages	270	125	145	5	0	0
Cantonese	105	50	50	0	0	0
Hakka	5	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	115	50	65	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	45	20	25	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	5	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	5	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	10	5	5	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	15	10	5	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	5	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	330	160	170	0	0	0
Estonian	40	15	20	0	0	0
Finnish	85	40	50	0	5	0
Hungarian	200	100	105	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Multiple responses	900	430	470	5	5	0
English and French	255	110	140	0	0	0
English and non-official language	615	310	305	5	0	5
French and non-official language	20	5	10	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	159,750	78,950	80,795	925	490	435
Single responses	158,305	78,260	80,045	920	485	435
Official languages	153,155	75,725	77,435	915	485	435
English	152,835	75,575	77,260	915	480	435
French	325	150	175	0	0	0
Non-official languages	5,145	2,540	2,605	5	5	0
Aboriginal languages	60	25	40	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	60	25	35	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	55	25	35	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	60	25	30	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	5	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	5,085	2,510	2,570	5	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	95	55	45	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	5	5	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	90	50	40	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	80	45	35	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	5	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tigrigna	5	5	5	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	10	5	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	10	5	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	55	20	30	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	55	20	30	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	5	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	5	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	45	15	20	0	0	0
Kannada	5	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	25	10	15	0	0	0
Tamil	10	5	10	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	4,505	2,240	2,265	0	5	5
Albanian	5	5	5	0	0	0
Armenian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	300	150	150	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	295	150	150	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	10	5	5	0	0	0
Bulgarian	5	5	0	0	0	0
Croatian	40	20	15	0	0	0
Czech	30	15	20	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Polish	100	50	50	0	0	0
Russian	70	30	35	0	0	0
Serbian	25	5	10	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	15	5	5	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	3,675	1,825	1,850	5	5	0
Afrikaans	20	10	10	0	0	0
Danish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Dutch	375	180	190	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	3,275	1,625	1,650	0	5	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	5	5	5	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	30	15	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	270	135	135	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	240	120	120	0	0	0
Bengali	15	10	10	0	0	0
Gujarati	70	35	35	0	0	0
Hindi	15	5	10	0	0	0
Kashmiri	5	5	5	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	5	5	5	0	0	0
Nepali	5	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	30	15	15	0	0	0
Sindhi	5	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	85	50	35	0	0	0
Iranian languages	25	10	15	0	0	0
Kurdish	5	0	5	0	0	0
Pashto	5	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	20	5	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	220	110	110	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	50	25	20	0	0	0
Portuguese	70	40	35	0	0	0
Romanian	30	15	15	0	0	0
Spanish	75	30	40	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	5	5	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	115	50	70	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	35	20	15	0	0	0
American Sign Language	5	0	5	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	30	20	10	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	155	75	80	0	0	0
Chinese languages	150	75	80	0	0	0
Cantonese	60	30	25	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	65	30	35	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	30	15	15	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	5	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	55	20	35	0	0	0
Estonian	0	5	0	0	0	0
Finnish	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	40	15	25	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	1,450	695	755	5	5	0
English and French	110	50	60	0	0	0
English and non-official language	1,310	630	685	5	5	5
French and non-official language	5	5	5	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	20	10	10	0	0	0
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	159,750	78,950	80,795	925	485	440
None	153,655	76,140	77,515	910	480	425
English	1,805	890	915	5	0	0
French	1,315	530	780	5	0	0
Non-official language	2,875	1,345	1,530	10	5	10
Aboriginal	185	85	95	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	2,695	1,255	1,435	15	5	5
English and French	10	10	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	15	5	10	0	0	0
French and non-official language	75	35	45	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	133,865	65,905	67,965	765	405	360
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	130,010	64,230	65,780	745	395	350
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,204	39,923	26,553	34,219	38,656	28,928
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	130,090	64,230	65,855	745	395	350
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,405	35,808	24,630	30,464	33,152	26,283
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	117,975	59,270	58,710	715	390	330
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,938	37,063	22,118	29,760	32,576	26,480
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	96,040	44,815	51,225	520	255	265
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,239	8,240	8,238	6,064	7,488	5,227
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	92,220	48,950	43,265	645	355	295
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,839	32,984	23,540	26,560	30,016	25,536
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	133,865	65,905	67,965	745	405	340
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	129,965	64,205	65,765	730	395	330
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	45,147	55,005	35,522	43,020	46,129	39,268
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	130,040	64,210	65,830	725	395	330
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,577	44,767	30,565	36,002	38,310	33,216
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	117,955	59,365	58,590	685	390	295
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	42,535	52,958	31,975	39,251	41,198	36,718
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	95,860	44,785	51,070	520	255	255
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	8,869	8,658	9,054	8,505	9,209	7,794
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	92,220	48,910	43,315	600	335	260
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	40,231	47,573	31,941	37,546	39,084	35,554
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	133,870	65,900	67,965	745	405	340
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	43,055	25,155	17,900	310	180	125
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	47,506	52,876	42,668	42,003	38,944	43,482
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	60,323	67,586	50,117	48,046	46,375	50,444
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	85.5	89.0	80.3	87.5	89.8	85.5
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	63.6	66.8	58.9	73.2	76.0	71.6
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	14.5	11.0	19.7	12.5	10.8	15.4
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	133,865	65,905	67,965	765	410	360
Without total income	3,860	1,675	2,185	20	15	5
With total income	130,010	64,230	65,780	745	395	350
Percentage with total income	97.1	97.5	96.8	97.4	96.3	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	16,985	6,950	10,035	85	45	40
$10,000 to $19,999	24,200	9,565	14,630	135	60	75
$20,000 to $29,999	20,055	8,435	11,625	110	45	65
$30,000 to $39,999	15,845	7,220	8,620	105	55	50
$40,000 to $49,999	13,340	6,815	6,530	90	45	45
$50,000 to $59,999	9,870	5,560	4,310	60	40	20
$60,000 to $69,999	7,180	4,385	2,795	50	30	20
$70,000 to $79,999	5,155	3,225	1,930	35	20	15
$80,000 to $89,999	3,680	2,290	1,395	30	20	10
$90,000 to $99,999	3,120	1,800	1,320	20	15	0
$100,000 and over	10,575	7,990	2,585	30	20	10
$100,000 to $149,999	6,755	4,875	1,885	20	10	5
$150,000 and over	3,820	3,115	700	10	10	0
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	133,865	65,900	67,965	765	410	360
Without after-tax income	3,775	1,670	2,110	20	15	5
With after-tax income	130,090	64,230	65,855	745	395	350
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.5	96.9	97.4	96.3	97.2
Under $10,000 (including loss)	17,930	7,115	10,820	85	45	45
$10,000 to $19,999	25,155	9,975	15,175	150	70	85
$20,000 to $29,999	23,085	9,900	13,185	130	55	75
$30,000 to $39,999	18,485	8,945	9,535	130	70	60
$40,000 to $49,999	14,300	7,750	6,555	90	55	35
$50,000 to $59,999	9,575	5,765	3,815	65	40	30
$60,000 to $69,999	6,050	3,825	2,220	45	30	15
$70,000 to $79,999	4,625	2,780	1,850	25	15	5
$80,000 and over	10,885	8,185	2,705	30	20	5
$80,000 to $89,999	3,130	2,055	1,075	10	5	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,160	1,625	535	10	5	5
$100,000 and over	5,595	4,505	1,095	10	10	0
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	133,870	65,900	67,965	765	405	360
Without employment income	41,650	16,950	24,700	120	55	65
With employment income	92,220	48,950	43,265	645	355	295
Percentage with employment income	68.9	74.3	63.7	84.3	87.7	81.9
Under $5,000 (including loss)	17,295	9,345	7,950	125	70	55
$5,000 to $9,999	8,180	3,465	4,715	50	25	30
$10,000 to $19,999	12,415	5,600	6,820	75	45	35
$20,000 to $29,999	10,455	4,595	5,860	85	40	50
$30,000 to $39,999	9,690	4,530	5,160	80	35	45
$40,000 to $49,999	8,130	4,215	3,910	70	35	35
$50,000 to $59,999	6,105	3,660	2,445	45	30	15
$60,000 to $69,999	4,315	2,695	1,615	30	25	5
$70,000 to $79,999	2,930	1,870	1,060	35	15	20
$80,000 and over	12,710	8,980	3,730	50	45	10
$80,000 to $89,999	2,415	1,440	970	15	15	0
$90,000 to $99,999	2,375	1,275	1,100	10	10	5
$100,000 and over	7,925	6,265	1,660	25	20	10
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	68,425	...	...	360	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	66,160	...	...	72,832	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	58,917	...	...	63,104	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	19,070	...	...	65	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,854	...	...	37,803	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,168	...	...	33,152	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	49,360	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	81,547	...	...	82,347	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,156	...	...	69,504	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	68,430	...	...	370	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	85,745	...	...	84,543	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	71,412	...	...	70,750	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	19,035	...	...	95	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	46,674	...	...	38,868	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	38,623	...	...	33,388	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	49,395	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	100,802	...	...	100,111	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	84,047	...	...	83,486	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	68,430	...	...	360	...	...
Under $5,000	825	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	835	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,910	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,785	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,390	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	2,825	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,435	...	...	20	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,280	...	...	20	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,165	...	...	20	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	2,850	...	...	20	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	5,710	...	...	35	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,180	...	...	25	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	4,745	...	...	30	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,080	...	...	25	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,575	...	...	20	...	...
$100,000 and over	19,845	...	...	110	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,500	...	...	50	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	4,520	...	...	25	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	4,870	...	...	15	...	...
$200,000 and over	3,960	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	68,430	...	...	360	...	...
Under $5,000	925	...	...	5	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	855	...	...	0	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	1,950	...	...	5	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	2,885	...	...	15	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	3,740	...	...	10	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	3,245	...	...	10	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	3,790	...	...	25	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	3,725	...	...	15	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	3,665	...	...	25	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	3,465	...	...	25	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	6,665	...	...	30	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	5,900	...	...	40	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	5,225	...	...	35	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	4,340	...	...	20	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	3,510	...	...	30	...	...
$100,000 and over	14,535	...	...	70	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	6,320	...	...	30	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	3,555	...	...	15	...	...
$150,000 and over	4,655	...	...	25	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	48,280	...	...	290	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	81,722	...	...	82,176	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	72,226	...	...	69,248	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.8	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	24,290	...	...	145	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	74,541	...	...	69,888	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	66,247	...	...	57,984	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	17,625	...	...	120	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	107,810	...	...	111,360	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	93,504	...	...	94,208	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.0	...	...	4.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	5,440	...	...	15	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,508	...	...	0	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,446	...	...	0	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.6	...	...	2.2	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	48,275	...	...	275	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	101,027	...	...	100,111	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	84,157	...	...	83,486	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	24,340	...	...	135	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	90,836	...	...	95,551	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	75,830	...	...	79,160	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	17,675	...	...	115	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	126,990	...	...	108,581	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	104,618	...	...	90,832	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	5,410	...	...	0	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	62,708	...	...	0	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	55,225	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	22,300	10,740	11,560	70	55	20
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	30,348	33,220	28,382	37,803	38,528	36,224
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,913	30,074	26,549	33,152	32,576	33,344
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	22,270	10,740	11,530	95	65	30
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	44,457	50,770	38,575	38,868	39,371	37,789
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,985	40,992	33,251	33,388	33,367	33,434
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	158,455	78,400	80,055	925	490	440
In the bottom half of the distribution	81,560	39,210	42,350	485	255	230
In the bottom decile	14,635	7,160	7,480	50	25	25
In the second decile	17,620	7,960	9,655	90	50	40
In the third decile	17,310	8,210	9,100	85	45	40
In the fourth decile	16,145	7,920	8,225	135	70	65
In the fifth decile	15,850	7,955	7,900	120	65	55
In the top half of the distribution	76,890	39,185	37,705	440	235	210
In the sixth decile	15,545	7,810	7,735	110	65	45
In the seventh decile	15,600	7,925	7,680	105	55	50
In the eighth decile	15,305	7,785	7,520	105	50	50
In the ninth decile	15,755	7,980	7,775	65	30	30
In the top decile	14,690	7,690	6,995	55	30	30
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	156,800	77,595	79,205	925	485	435
0 to 17 years	29,135	14,910	14,225	190	95	90
0 to 5 years	9,820	4,995	4,825	60	25	30
18 to 64 years	91,810	45,325	46,480	575	300	280
65 years and over	35,850	17,355	18,500	160	90	65
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	22,840	10,640	12,200	95	50	40
0 to 17 years	5,585	2,785	2,795	20	10	15
0 to 5 years	2,190	1,075	1,110	10	5	5
18 to 64 years	12,745	6,050	6,695	50	25	20
65 years and over	4,515	1,805	2,710	25	20	10
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.6	13.7	15.4	10.3	10.3	9.2
0 to 17 years (%)	19.2	18.7	19.6	10.5	10.5	16.7
0 to 5 years (%)	22.3	21.5	23.0	16.7	20.0	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	13.9	13.3	14.4	8.7	8.3	7.1
65 years and over (%)	12.6	10.4	14.6	15.6	22.2	15.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	7,615	3,840	3,775	15	5	10
0 to 17 years	1,655	830	820	5	5	5
0 to 5 years	675	340	335	5	0	5
18 to 64 years	5,435	2,790	2,645	10	5	5
65 years and over	525	220	310	5	5	0
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	4.9	4.9	4.8	1.6	1.0	2.3
0 to 17 years (%)	5.7	5.6	5.8	2.6	5.3	5.6
0 to 5 years (%)	6.9	6.8	6.9	8.3	0.0	16.7
18 to 64 years (%)	5.9	6.2	5.7	1.7	1.7	1.8
65 years and over (%)	1.5	1.3	1.7	3.1	5.6	0.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	158,455	78,395	80,060	920	485	435
Official languages	157,550	78,020	79,525	920	485	435
English	157,500	77,995	79,505	915	480	435
French	8,725	3,600	5,125	25	10	20
Non-official languages	14,070	6,760	7,310	55	20	30
Aboriginal languages	410	175	235	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	385	170	215	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	370	165	210	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	10	0	0	0
Ojibway	370	165	210	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	15	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	13,660	6,580	7,080	55	25	35
Afro-Asiatic languages	330	185	150	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	10	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	320	170	150	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	220	120	100	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	70	35	35	0	0	0
Maltese	35	15	15	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	45	20	25	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Vietnamese	40	20	20	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	220	65	160	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	10	0	10	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	0	10	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	30	20	10	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	180	40	145	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	35	20	20	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	10	10	10	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	10	10	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	90	45	45	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	75	40	35	0	0	0
Tamil	45	20	25	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	11,830	5,770	6,060	55	20	35
Albanian	50	20	25	0	0	0
Armenian	0	10	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	1,115	515	600	35	20	15
Baltic languages	80	35	40	0	0	0
Latvian	60	35	25	0	0	0
Lithuanian	20	10	15	0	0	0
Slavic languages	1,045	475	570	35	20	20
Belarusan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Bosnian	15	0	10	0	0	0
Bulgarian	15	0	15	0	0	0
Croatian	135	65	70	0	0	0
Czech	135	70	65	10	10	0
Macedonian	35	15	25	0	0	0
Polish	315	130	185	0	0	0
Russian	165	90	75	0	0	0
Serbian	80	55	25	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Slovak	60	20	40	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	20	10	10	0	0	0
Ukrainian	140	65	75	25	10	15
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages	60	20	40	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	30	10	20	0	0	0
Welsh	20	0	10	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Germanic languages	8,020	3,935	4,080	10	10	10
Afrikaans	35	20	10	0	0	0
Danish	70	35	35	0	0	0
Dutch	2,155	1,040	1,115	0	0	0
Frisian	25	15	10	0	0	0
German	6,335	3,120	3,215	15	10	10
Icelandic	0	0	10	0	0	0
Norwegian	25	10	20	0	0	0
Swedish	50	25	30	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	35	15	25	0	0	0
Yiddish	10	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	0	0	0
Greek	210	105	100	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	725	360	360	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	640	330	315	0	0	0
Bengali	65	30	30	0	0	0
Gujarati	220	110	105	0	0	0
Hindi	305	170	135	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	15	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	150	75	75	0	0	0
Sindhi	15	10	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	175	100	75	0	0	0
Iranian languages	90	40	50	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	10	10	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	80	25	55	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	1,910	930	980	10	0	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	485	275	210	0	0	0
Portuguese	330	165	160	0	0	0
Romanian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Spanish	1,115	490	625	0	0	10
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Japanese	55	15	40	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	175	75	105	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	70	50	20	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	10	10	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	10	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	35	25	15	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	230	105	130	0	0	0
American Sign Language	70	30	40	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	165	75	95	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	410	185	225	0	0	0
Chinese languages	410	190	220	0	0	0
Cantonese	180	90	95	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	230	100	130	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	50	20	30	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	20	0	20	0	0	0
Lao	10	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	20	0	20	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	15	10	10	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	325	155	175	0	0	0
Estonian	65	40	30	0	0	0
Finnish	100	50	55	0	0	0
Hungarian	165	70	95	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	20	10	15	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	158,450	78,400	80,055	915	485	435
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	156,015	77,290	78,720	900	470	425
Canadian citizens aged under 18	29,465	15,075	14,390	195	85	110
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	126,550	62,220	64,330	705	390	315
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	2,440	1,105	1,335	20	10	0
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	158,455	78,395	80,055	920	485	435
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	145,735	72,215	73,520	865	455	410
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	12,495	6,075	6,420	50	25	25
Before 1981	7,940	3,985	3,955	25	25	0
1981 to 1990	1,160	505	655	0	0	10
1991 to 2000	1,245	585	665	0	0	0
2001 to 2010	1,485	715	770	10	0	10
2001 to 2005	850	405	445	10	0	10
2006 to 2010	635	315	325	0	0	0
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	660	285	375	10	0	0
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	225	105	115	0	0	0
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	12,490	6,075	6,420	50	25	25
Under 5 years	1,880	905	970	10	15	0
5 to 14 years	2,825	1,485	1,340	0	0	10
15 to 24 years	3,170	1,445	1,730	20	10	10
25 to 44 years	4,085	1,985	2,090	10	0	0
45 years and over	535	255	280	10	0	10
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	12,490	6,075	6,415	50	25	20
Americas	1,770	795	970	25	15	10
Brazil	15	0	15	0	0	0
Colombia	10	0	0	0	0	0
El Salvador	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guyana	65	45	20	0	0	0
Haiti	10	10	10	0	0	0
Jamaica	90	60	30	0	0	0
Mexico	190	115	80	0	0	0
Peru	15	10	10	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	70	40	30	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	1,080	425	655	25	10	15
Other places of birth in Americas	205	90	120	0	0	0
Europe	8,820	4,405	4,410	25	10	10
Bosnia and Herzegovina	30	20	15	0	0	0
Croatia	130	50	80	0	0	0
France	75	25	50	0	0	0
Germany	1,255	645	615	0	0	0
Greece	85	50	35	0	0	0
Hungary	65	45	20	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	155	75	85	0	0	0
Italy	230	150	75	0	0	0
Netherlands	1,085	600	485	0	0	0
Poland	245	100	145	10	10	10
Portugal	175	95	80	0	0	0
Romania	95	35	60	0	0	0
Russian Federation	45	20	25	0	0	0
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	60	40	25	0	0	0
Ukraine	55	25	30	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	4,175	2,020	2,155	10	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	855	410	445	10	0	0
Africa	250	150	100	0	0	0
Algeria	10	10	0	0	0	0
Egypt	15	10	10	0	0	0
Ethiopia	15	15	0	0	0	0
Kenya	15	10	10	0	0	0
Morocco	10	10	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	55	40	20	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	125	65	60	0	0	0
Asia	1,565	675	885	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	25	10	15	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	205	80	120	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	55	30	20	0	0	0
India	450	225	225	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	60	20	35	0	0	0
Iraq	25	10	15	0	0	0
Japan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	145	60	85	0	0	0
Lebanon	15	10	10	0	0	0
Pakistan	105	55	60	0	0	0
Philippines	200	55	150	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	70	40	30	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Viet Nam	50	20	25	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	130	60	70	0	0	0
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	90	45	45	0	0	0
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	660	285	375	10	10	0
Americas	145	60	80	10	0	0
Brazil	10	0	10	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	10	10	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mexico	0	0	0	0	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	115	40	70	0	10	0
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	10	0	0	0
Europe	225	120	105	0	0	0
France	0	10	10	0	0	0
Germany	20	10	15	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romania	15	10	10	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	120	70	45	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Europe	60	30	30	0	0	0
Africa	15	0	15	0	0	0
Algeria	0	0	10	0	0	0
Cameroon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	10	0	0	0	0	0
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	0
Asia	265	90	170	0	0	0
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	20	0	15	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	100	30	75	0	0	0
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	10	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Lebanon	10	0	10	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	15	0	0	0	0	0
Philippines	15	10	10	0	0	0
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	70	35	35	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	10	0	0	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	10	10	0	0	0	0
Australia	0	10	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	10	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	158,455	78,395	80,055	915	480	435
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	13,150	6,380	6,770	45	30	20
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	19,860	9,775	10,080	135	50	90
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	125,445	62,240	63,200	730	405	325
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	4,720	2,160	2,565	25	10	15
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	2,485	1,220	1,265	10	0	10
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	945	685	255	10	0	10
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	1,540	530	1,010	10	0	10
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	1,740	710	1,035	15	10	10
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	435	205	235	0	0	0
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	55	30	25	0	0	0
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	158,455	78,395	80,055	920	485	435
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	5,515	2,520	2,995	130	70	50
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	5,355	2,435	2,925	125	70	55
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	3,650	1,665	1,985	60	35	30
Métis	1,690	765	925	65	40	25
Inuk (Inuit)	15	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	85	40	50	0	0	0
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	75	50	25	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal identity	152,935	75,875	77,060	790	410	380
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	158,450	78,395	80,055	920	485	435
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	2,815	1,275	1,540	40	25	15
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	155,635	77,120	78,515	875	460	415
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	158,450	78,395	80,055	920	480	435
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	1,915	925	985	25	15	15
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	1,910	925	985	25	15	10
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	1,680	830	850	25	10	15
Métis single ancestry	210	80	135	0	0	0
Inuit single ancestry	10	10	0	0	0	0
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	10	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	5,480	2,570	2,905	105	55	45
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	5,335	2,520	2,820	100	55	40
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,700	1,750	1,950	0	0	0
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	1,560	745	820	60	35	25
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	80	25	50	30	20	10
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	140	55	90	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	130	50	80	10	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	151,060	74,900	76,160	790	410	375
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	158,455	78,400	80,055	920	485	435
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	3,700	1,800	1,900	0	0	0
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	980	500	485	0	0	0
Chinese	525	245	280	0	0	0
Black	750	420	330	0	0	0
Filipino	330	105	220	0	0	0
Latin American	110	55	55	0	0	0
Arab	240	135	105	0	0	0
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	110	75	40	0	0	0
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	75	30	50	0	0	0
Korean	230	95	135	0	0	0
Japanese	95	45	45	0	0	0
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	150	60	85	0	0	0
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	110	50	60	0	0	0
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	154,750	76,595	78,155	920	480	435
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	158,455	78,395	80,055	920	480	430
North American Aboriginal origins	7,395	3,500	3,895	130	70	60
First Nations (North American Indian)	5,520	2,640	2,885	35	20	20
Inuit	105	40	60	30	20	15
Métis	1,920	880	1,035	70	35	30
Other North American origins	55,630	27,210	28,420	325	150	180
Acadian	165	90	75	0	0	0
American	1,540	770	765	15	0	10
Canadian	54,415	26,585	27,835	315	145	170
New Brunswicker	10	10	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	155	80	80	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	60	45	15	0	0	0
Québécois	55	40	20	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	125,490	61,940	63,550	780	415	370
British Isles origins	96,445	47,415	49,035	540	270	270
Channel Islander	30	25	10	0	0	0
Cornish	30	20	10	0	0	0
English	56,655	27,215	29,440	270	155	110
Irish	42,135	20,360	21,770	285	120	170
Manx	15	15	10	0	0	0
Scottish	48,580	23,725	24,855	215	110	105
Welsh	3,315	1,505	1,805	50	25	30
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	3,860	1,850	2,005	10	10	10
French origins	13,325	6,295	7,035	90	35	50
Alsatian	20	10	20	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	13,310	6,290	7,020	90	40	45
Western European origins (except French origins)	46,460	23,065	23,400	325	155	175
Austrian	905	400	495	10	10	0
Bavarian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	615	335	280	0	0	0
Dutch	10,570	5,295	5,275	70	35	35
Flemish	50	35	20	0	0	0
Frisian	55	35	20	0	0	0
German	36,215	17,865	18,350	235	115	125
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	2,050	1,005	1,040	35	10	20
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	3,255	1,560	1,690	100	45	55
Danish	790	400	385	25	10	15
Finnish	630	300	330	0	0	0
Icelandic	165	85	85	20	10	15
Norwegian	770	385	390	40	20	20
Swedish	1,000	435	570	10	0	0
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	155	75	80	0	0	0
Eastern European origins	10,300	5,040	5,260	220	150	70
Bulgarian	60	20	35	0	0	0
Byelorussian	15	10	10	0	0	0
Czech	515	250	270	0	10	0
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	170	60	105	0	0	10
Estonian	265	125	140	0	0	0
Hungarian	1,340	600	740	0	0	0
Latvian	235	135	100	0	0	0
Lithuanian	190	85	105	0	0	0
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	3,865	1,925	1,945	50	25	20
Romanian	475	290	185	0	0	0
Russian	1,185	585	595	10	0	10
Slovak	275	135	145	10	10	0
Ukrainian	3,015	1,470	1,540	175	125	50
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Southern European origins	6,625	3,395	3,235	30	0	20
Albanian	55	25	20	0	0	0
Bosnian	30	10	15	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	375	170	200	25	0	20
Cypriot	0	10	0	0	0	0
Greek	550	315	245	0	0	0
Italian	3,675	1,885	1,795	0	0	0
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	90	35	55	0	0	0
Maltese	240	130	110	0	0	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	800	395	400	0	0	0
Serbian	155	90	65	0	0	0
Sicilian	45	25	15	0	0	0
Slovenian	145	55	90	0	0	0
Spanish	630	290	345	0	0	0
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	175	105	70	0	0	0
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	690	310	385	0	0	0
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	365	130	235	0	0	0
Roma (Gypsy)	50	40	15	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	280	140	140	0	0	0
Caribbean origins	890	490	400	0	0	0
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Barbadian	65	35	35	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	55	35	20	0	0	0
Dominican	15	0	15	0	0	0
Grenadian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Jamaican	460	265	195	0	0	0
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	15	10	15	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	75	40	35	0	0	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	35	30	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	110	35	70	0	0	0
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	35	20	15	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins	630	325	305	15	0	15
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	15	10	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	55	30	20	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Brazilian	35	15	20	0	0	0
Chilean	20	10	15	0	0	0
Colombian	15	20	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guatemalan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Guyanese	90	45	50	0	0	0
Hispanic	10	10	10	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	10	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	285	155	125	15	0	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	30	30	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Uruguayan	0	0	10	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	35	10	25	0	0	0
African origins	705	315	390	0	0	0
Central and West African origins	45	30	15	0	0	0
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	15	0	10	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	10	0	10	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	15	10	0	0	0	0
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	140	85	55	0	0	0
Algerian	20	10	10	0	0	0
Berber	10	0	10	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	55	30	25	0	0	0
Libyan	40	25	15	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	25	20	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	10	0	0	0	0
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	125	65	55	0	0	0
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	15	15	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	15	10	10	0	0	0
South African	75	35	40	0	0	0
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	405	140	270	0	0	0
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	80	15	70	0	0	0
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	325	125	200	0	0	0
Asian origins	3,250	1,565	1,685	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	670	380	290	0	0	0
Afghan	10	10	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	175	95	80	0	0	0
Armenian	85	50	25	0	0	0
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	105	45	65	0	0	0
Iraqi	35	10	20	0	0	0
Israeli	15	20	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	90	60	30	0	0	0
Palestinian	10	10	10	0	0	0
Pashtun	15	10	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	80	40	35	0	0	0
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turk	55	30	25	0	0	0
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	20	10	15	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	1,110	570	545	0	0	0
Bangladeshi	60	25	35	0	0	0
Bengali	0	10	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	875	455	420	0	0	0
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	35	20	20	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	10	0	0	0
Pakistani	135	70	65	0	0	0
Punjabi	55	20	35	0	0	0
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	15	10	10	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	1,520	660	870	0	0	0
Burmese	25	15	10	0	0	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	725	335	385	0	0	0
Filipino	340	115	220	0	0	0
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	20	0	15	0	0	0
Japanese	125	60	65	0	0	0
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	230	90	140	0	0	0
Laotian	50	30	20	0	0	0
Malaysian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Mongolian	25	0	25	0	0	0
Singaporean	10	0	10	0	0	0
Taiwanese	30	15	15	0	0	0
Thai	30	10	20	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	70	45	30	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	15	15	10	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	30	0	25	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	30	0	20	0	0	0
Oceania origins	180	110	70	0	0	0
Australian	85	55	30	0	0	0
New Zealander	40	25	10	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	55	30	25	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Maori	45	20	20	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	10	0	10	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	68,425	...	...	370	...	...
Owner	53,870	...	...	340	...	...
Renter	14,510	...	...	30	...	...
Band housing	50	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	68,430	...	...	370	...	...
Condominium	2,570	...	...	0	...	...
Not condominium	65,855	...	...	365	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	68,430	...	...	370	...	...
No bedrooms	135	...	...	10	...	...
1 bedroom	5,100	...	...	10	...	...
2 bedrooms	14,325	...	...	65	...	...
3 bedrooms	28,475	...	...	165	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	20,395	...	...	130	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	68,430	...	...	370	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	10,785	...	...	40	...	...
5 rooms	8,625	...	...	65	...	...
6 rooms	11,320	...	...	60	...	...
7 rooms	11,025	...	...	65	...	...
8 or more rooms	26,680	...	...	135	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	7.0	...	...	7.3	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	68,430	...	...	370	...	...
One person or fewer per room	68,110	...	...	365	...	...
More than 1 person per room	320	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	68,430	...	...	370	...	...
Suitable	67,025	...	...	350	...	...
Not suitable	1,410	...	...	20	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	68,430	...	...	370	...	...
1960 or before	24,105	...	...	145	...	...
1961 to 1980	18,085	...	...	115	...	...
1981 to 1990	8,905	...	...	30	...	...
1991 to 2000	6,880	...	...	60	...	...
2001 to 2005	3,275	...	...	10	...	...
2006 to 2010	4,165	...	...	10	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	3,025	...	...	10	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	68,430	...	...	370	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	63,635	...	...	340	...	...
Major repairs needed	4,795	...	...	35	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	68,430	...	...	370	...	...
1 household maintainer	40,575	...	...	260	...	...
2 household maintainers	27,050	...	...	110	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	810	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	68,430	...	...	370	...	...
15 to 24 years	1,385	...	...	0	...	...
25 to 34 years	7,400	...	...	40	...	...
35 to 44 years	8,730	...	...	25	...	...
45 to 54 years	11,690	...	...	75	...	...
55 to 64 years	15,955	...	...	95	...	...
65 to 74 years	13,450	...	...	70	...	...
75 to 84 years	7,185	...	...	35	...	...
85 years and over	2,640	...	...	25	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	64,290	...	...	285	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	49,575	...	...	270	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	14,720	...	...	15	...	...
30% to less than 100%	13,145	...	...	15	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	50,150	...	...	255	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	52.4	...	...	45.1	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	932	...	...	602	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,130	...	...	782	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	276,003	...	...	149,838	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	336,645	...	...	209,947	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	14,265	...	...	30	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	17.3	...	...	0.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	46.1	...	...	0.0	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	832	...	...	0	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	867	...	...	0	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	133,870	65,905	67,965	745	405	340
No certificate, diploma or degree	28,470	15,095	13,375	165	105	55
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	37,280	17,885	19,395	305	180	120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	68,115	32,925	35,195	280	115	165
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	12,780	9,545	3,235	50	35	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	5,110	3,235	1,880	20	15	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	7,670	6,310	1,360	25	20	10
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	32,885	13,295	19,590	130	45	85
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	2,755	1,230	1,525	45	20	20
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	19,700	8,855	10,845	55	10	45
Bachelor's degree	13,705	5,965	7,740	35	0	35
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,630	655	980	0	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	635	415	225	10	0	0
Master's degree	3,345	1,590	1,755	10	0	10
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	380	235	140	0	0	0
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	81,055	39,995	41,060	485	260	230
No certificate, diploma or degree	11,405	6,700	4,705	60	40	15
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	22,515	11,265	11,260	225	135	95
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	47,135	22,035	25,100	205	85	120
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	8,135	6,160	1,975	35	25	10
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	3,190	2,075	1,120	15	0	10
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	4,945	4,085	860	20	15	0
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	24,155	9,745	14,405	100	40	55
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	1,375	640	735	30	15	15
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	13,465	5,490	7,975	45	10	40
Bachelor's degree	9,605	3,935	5,670	35	0	25
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	1,020	310	710	10	0	10
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	405	205	205	0	0	0
Master's degree	2,230	920	1,305	10	0	0
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	205	115	95	0	0	0
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	133,865	65,905	67,965	745	405	345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	65,750	32,980	32,770	465	290	175
Education	4,865	1,220	3,640	45	0	45
13. Education	4,860	1,220	3,635	45	0	40
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	2,175	940	1,235	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	300	265	40	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,875	675	1,195	0	0	0
Humanities	3,045	1,175	1,875	15	15	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	175	35	140	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	810	260	545	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	760	285	480	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	10	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	180	80	100	0	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	520	290	230	10	10	0
54. History	430	200	225	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	160	15	145	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	6,095	1,730	4,360	20	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	0	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	445	185	260	10	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,785	100	1,685	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	980	310	670	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	180	20	160	0	0	0
42. Psychology	870	220	655	0	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,810	895	915	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	10,915	3,555	7,365	40	0	35
30.16 Accounting and computer science	35	15	20	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	1,115	190	920	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	9,770	3,350	6,420	40	0	40
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,880	1,095	780	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	720	280	445	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	310	170	140	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	20	0	15	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	565	460	105	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	260	185	70	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,385	765	620	10	10	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	920	530	390	0	0	0
25. Library science	130	20	105	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	295	185	110	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	35	25	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	17,180	16,065	1,115	55	50	0
04. Architecture and related services	350	270	85	0	0	0
14. Engineering	2,100	1,795	300	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	3,790	3,345	445	10	10	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	4,255	4,200	60	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	4,680	4,560	125	20	20	0
48. Precision production	2,005	1,895	110	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	2,495	1,755	740	25	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,835	1,265	570	20	10	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	660	485	170	0	10	0
Health and related fields	12,440	1,880	10,560	55	10	45
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	1,185	515	670	0	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	11,130	1,290	9,840	50	10	45
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	120	75	50	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	5,595	2,730	2,865	20	10	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,950	585	2,365	15	10	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	35	30	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,535	1,100	435	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	1,065	1,005	60	0	0	0
Other	50	0	45	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	45	0	45	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	81,055	39,995	41,060	485	260	225
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	33,920	17,965	15,960	280	175	105
Education	2,765	680	2,085	20	0	20
13. Education	2,770	680	2,090	25	0	25
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	1,520	620	905	0	0	0
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	205	170	35	0	0	0
50. Visual and performing arts	1,315	450	865	0	0	0
Humanities	1,930	705	1,230	10	10	0
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	105	10	90	0	0	0
23. English language and literature/letters	510	125	380	0	0	0
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	485	195	290	0	0	0
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	10	10	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	100	35	70	10	0	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	345	185	155	0	0	0
54. History	275	130	140	0	10	0
55. French language and literature/letters	105	10	95	0	0	0
Social and behavioural sciences and law	4,380	1,005	3,380	20	0	20
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	30	10	20	0	0	0
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	345	140	205	0	0	10
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	1,420	60	1,350	0	0	10
22. Legal professions and studies	795	185	610	0	0	0
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	130	20	110	0	0	0
42. Psychology	555	110	445	10	0	10
45. Social sciences	1,105	470	635	0	0	0
Business, management and public administration	7,690	2,280	5,405	35	10	30
30.16 Accounting and computer science	20	10	15	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	865	125	735	0	0	0
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	6,800	2,145	4,655	35	10	30
Physical and life sciences and technologies	1,360	770	590	0	0	0
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	540	205	335	0	0	0
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	210	105	105	0	0	0
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	15	0	10	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	370	290	80	0	0	0
41. Science technologies/technicians	225	165	55	0	0	0
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	1,050	580	470	10	0	0
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	740	440	300	0	10	0
25. Library science	80	10	70	0	0	0
27. Mathematics and statistics	200	115	85	0	0	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	25	15	15	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	11,810	10,895	910	40	45	0
04. Architecture and related services	245	180	70	0	0	0
14. Engineering	1,415	1,150	260	0	0	0
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	2,765	2,405	360	10	0	0
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	2,880	2,835	45	10	10	0
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	3,165	3,070	90	15	20	0
48. Precision production	1,350	1,260	90	10	10	0
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	1,835	1,260	575	20	10	10
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	1,325	900	425	15	0	10
03. Natural resources and conservation	505	365	145	0	0	0
Health and related fields	8,660	1,220	7,440	35	0	35
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	900	385	520	10	0	10
51. Health professions and related programs	7,665	785	6,885	30	10	30
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	90	50	40	0	0	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	4,105	2,025	2,080	15	0	10
12. Personal and culinary services	2,080	430	1,650	15	0	10
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	15	15	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	1,205	830	375	0	0	0
49. Transportation and materials moving	795	745	55	0	0	0
Other	35	0	35	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	35	0	35	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	133,870	65,900	67,965	745	405	345
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	65,750	32,980	32,770	465	290	175
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	68,115	32,920	35,195	280	115	165
Location of study inside Canada	63,205	30,320	32,885	255	100	160
Same as province or territory of residence	60,315	28,990	31,330	205	75	125
Different than province or territory of residence	2,890	1,335	1,555	55	25	30
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	4,910	2,600	2,305	25	15	10
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	1,280	630	640	20	10	10
Philippines	125	40	90	0	0	0
India	240	100	135	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	1,390	815	580	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	90	40	50	0	0	0
France	35	15	20	0	0	0
Other	1,755	965	795	0	0	0
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	81,055	40,000	41,060	490	260	230
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	33,925	17,965	15,960	280	175	105
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	47,130	22,035	25,100	205	85	120
Location of study inside Canada	44,370	20,710	23,665	190	75	115
Same as province or territory of residence	42,445	19,860	22,585	170	60	105
Different than province or territory of residence	1,930	850	1,080	20	10	10
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	2,760	1,325	1,435	15	10	0
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	855	410	445	15	10	0
Philippines	90	20	70	0	0	0
India	210	85	125	0	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	545	290	255	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 162}	80	35	45	0	0	0
France	25	10	20	0	0	0
Other	950	480	470	0	0	0
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	133,865	65,905	67,965	745	405	345
In the labour force	81,145	42,645	38,500	520	310	215
Employed	76,255	40,075	36,185	505	295	210
Unemployed	4,885	2,570	2,315	20	15	10
Not in the labour force	52,725	23,255	29,465	220	100	125
Participation rate	60.6	64.7	56.6	69.8	76.5	62.3
Employment rate	57.0	60.8	53.2	67.8	72.8	60.9
Unemployment rate	6.0	6.0	6.0	3.8	4.8	4.7
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	133,870	65,900	67,965	745	405	340
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	47,590	20,630	26,960	200	85	110
Worked	86,275	45,275	41,000	550	315	235
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	44,565	25,995	18,575	310	185	125
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	41,710	19,285	22,430	235	130	105
Average weeks worked in reference year	43.2	43.7	42.6	43.5	44.3	42.5
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	81,145	42,645	38,495	520	310	215
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,000	460	540	0	0	0
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	80,140	42,180	37,960	520	305	215
Employee	66,000	33,635	32,365	350	175	180
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	14,140	8,545	5,595	170	135	35
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	81,140	42,650	38,495	525	310	215
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,005	465	545	0	0	0
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	80,140	42,180	37,955	525	310	210
0 Management occupations	9,960	6,450	3,505	170	130	45
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	9,510	2,130	7,375	70	20	50
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	3,605	2,865	745	15	0	10
3 Health occupations	5,915	900	5,010	40	0	40
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	7,760	2,310	5,445	35	0	35
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	2,040	795	1,245	0	0	0
6 Sales and service occupations	17,790	6,620	11,170	35	20	10
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	14,510	13,565	945	80	80	0
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	3,240	2,335	900	65	40	20
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	5,835	4,220	1,610	10	10	0
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	81,140	42,645	38,500	520	310	215
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	1,005	460	540	0	0	0
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	80,135	42,185	37,960	525	310	215
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	5,725	3,970	1,750	215	160	55
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	605	545	65	0	0	0
22 Utilities	5,265	4,125	1,140	10	0	0
23 Construction	7,840	6,895	940	25	25	10
31-33 Manufacturing	7,955	5,520	2,430	50	35	15
41 Wholesale trade	1,935	1,425	505	10	10	0
44-45 Retail trade	9,335	3,965	5,370	35	30	10
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	2,725	1,900	825	25	20	10
51 Information and cultural industries	1,000	570	430	0	0	0
52 Finance and insurance	1,830	535	1,295	10	0	10
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	1,265	645	620	0	0	0
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	3,315	1,655	1,660	20	0	20
55 Management of companies and enterprises	35	10	25	0	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	2,865	1,535	1,330	0	10	0
61 Educational services	4,360	1,105	3,255	25	0	25
62 Health care and social assistance	10,025	1,300	8,730	55	0	55
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	1,795	810	985	10	10	0
72 Accommodation and food services	5,320	1,940	3,380	0	0	0
81 Other services (except public administration)	3,815	1,960	1,860	20	10	0
91 Public administration	3,145	1,770	1,375	0	0	10
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	76,255	40,075	36,180	500	290	210
Worked at home	9,820	5,330	4,485	180	130	50
Worked outside Canada	150	100	50	0	0	0
No fixed workplace address	8,760	6,595	2,160	60	55	0
Worked at usual place	57,535	28,040	29,490	260	110	150
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	57,535	28,040	29,490	260	110	150
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	24,685	11,225	13,460	50	40	10
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	17,390	8,540	8,855	195	55	135
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	15,185	8,110	7,075	15	10	10
Commute to a different province or territory	275	170	105	0	0	0
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	66,290	34,635	31,650	320	160	160
Car, truck, van - as a driver	56,225	29,785	26,435	300	145	160
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	4,180	2,090	2,085	10	10	0
Public transit	495	180	315	0	0	0
Walked	4,275	1,905	2,365	10	10	0
Bicycle	485	330	155	0	0	0
Other method	640	345	290	0	0	0
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	66,290	34,640	31,650	320	160	155
Less than 15 minutes	25,590	11,690	13,895	105	60	45
15 to 29 minutes	20,500	10,545	9,955	155	60	90
30 to 44 minutes	10,995	6,020	4,970	45	25	20
45 to 59 minutes	3,985	2,480	1,505	0	0	0
60 minutes and over	5,220	3,905	1,320	20	10	10
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	66,290	34,640	31,650	320	165	160
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	5,300	3,805	1,500	10	10	0
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	13,380	9,105	4,285	85	55	30
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	17,555	9,705	7,855	90	45	50
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	13,850	4,720	9,130	90	30	60
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	6,170	2,035	4,135	15	10	10
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	10,025	5,280	4,745	30	15	15
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	88,600	46,355	42,245	565	325	240
Single responses	88,440	46,290	42,155	570	325	240
Official languages	87,410	45,725	41,680	565	325	240
English	87,135	45,655	41,485	560	325	235
French	270	75	195	10	0	10
Non-official languages	1,035	560	475	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	10	0	10	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	10	0	10	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	1,025	560	470	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	10	10	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	1,000	545	455	0	0	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	990	535	455	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	135	65	75	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	850	470	375	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	10	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	10	10	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Chinese languages	15	0	10	0	0	0
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	155	70	90	0	0	0
English and French	60	30	30	0	0	0
English and non-official language	90	40	55	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	88,600	46,355	42,245	565	325	240
None	86,775	45,560	41,215	565	325	240
English	535	265	275	0	0	0
French	710	240	475	0	0	0
Non-official language	540	275	265	0	0	0
Aboriginal	60	10	45	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	485	265	220	0	0	0
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	35	15	15	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	156,805	77,585	79,225	910	485	425
Non-movers	140,265	69,465	70,805	860	455	400
Movers	16,545	8,120	8,425	50	25	20
Non-migrants	6,845	3,345	3,500	10	10	10
Migrants	9,700	4,775	4,920	40	20	20
Internal migrants	9,300	4,605	4,700	40	20	20
Intraprovincial migrants	8,695	4,290	4,410	40	20	15
Interprovincial migrants	600	310	295	0	0	0
External migrants	395	175	225	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	150,100	74,245	75,850	865	450	410
Non-movers	103,045	51,395	51,645	755	390	370
Movers	47,055	22,850	24,205	110	65	45
Non-migrants	19,755	9,610	10,140	45	25	20
Migrants	27,305	13,240	14,065	60	35	25
Internal migrants	26,415	12,805	13,610	65	40	25
Intraprovincial migrants	25,200	12,180	13,020	60	30	25
Interprovincial migrants	1,215	625	585	10	10	0
External migrants	885	435	455	0	0	0

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Grey Bruce Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario and Minitonas, RM [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 2, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Grey Bruce Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario and Minitonas, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Grey Bruce Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario and Minitonas, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba

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How to cite

Census Profile, 2016 Census
Grey Bruce Health Unit, [Health region, December 2017], Ontario and Minitonas, Rural municipality [Dissolved census subdivision], Manitoba