Census Profile, 2016 Census
Edmonton Zone [Health region, December 2017], Alberta and Toronto, Census division [Census division], Ontario

The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).

Characteristic	Edmonton Zone Alberta [Health region, December 2017]			Toronto, CDR Ontario [Census division]
	Data quality , Edmonton Zone [Health region, December 2017], Alberta  Map : Edmonton Zone [Health region, December 2017], Alberta Change geography 1			Data quality : Toronto, Census division [Census division], Ontario  Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016Census data footnote 1	1,320,798	...	...	2,731,571	...	...
Population, 2011Census data footnote 1	1,159,644	...	...	2,615,060	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	13.9	...	...	4.5	...	...
Total private dwellingsCensus data footnote 2	537,491	...	...	1,179,057	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residentsCensus data footnote 3	501,971	...	...	1,112,929	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	114.0	...	...	4,334.4	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11,587.10	...	...	630.20	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% dataCensus data footnote 4	1,320,795	660,185	660,615	2,731,570	1,313,590	1,417,985
0 to 14 years	243,065	124,300	118,760	398,135	204,190	193,945
0 to 4 years	85,045	43,330	41,715	136,000	69,895	66,105
5 to 9 years	83,675	42,735	40,945	135,025	69,350	65,680
10 to 14 years	74,340	38,240	36,105	127,110	64,945	62,165
15 to 64 years	914,865	462,015	452,850	1,906,495	925,070	981,425
15 to 19 years	75,625	38,880	36,745	145,525	74,240	71,285
20 to 24 years	92,230	47,030	45,200	194,745	97,415	97,330
25 to 29 years	108,975	55,375	53,605	232,950	113,905	119,040
30 to 34 years	112,210	56,650	55,555	224,575	108,895	115,675
35 to 39 years	100,190	50,740	49,455	196,305	94,070	102,240
40 to 44 years	89,475	45,335	44,140	182,390	86,535	95,860
45 to 49 years	85,450	43,010	42,445	190,925	90,860	100,065
50 to 54 years	90,715	45,325	45,395	202,410	98,735	103,670
55 to 59 years	87,520	43,785	43,730	182,800	88,145	94,660
60 to 64 years	72,475	35,900	36,575	153,870	72,270	81,600
65 years and over	162,870	73,865	89,005	426,945	184,325	242,615
65 to 69 years	55,975	27,260	28,720	130,545	60,360	70,180
70 to 74 years	37,505	17,800	19,705	93,605	42,320	51,285
75 to 79 years	27,465	12,570	14,895	76,165	32,730	43,430
80 to 84 years	20,640	8,800	11,835	60,630	25,670	34,965
85 years and over	21,285	7,440	13,850	66,000	23,250	42,755
85 to 89 years	13,335	5,190	8,140	40,800	15,665	25,135
90 to 94 years	6,125	1,845	4,280	19,680	6,185	13,500
95 to 99 years	1,585	360	1,225	4,750	1,280	3,475
100 years and over	250	40	210	770	125	650
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	18.4	18.8	18.0	14.6	15.5	13.7
15 to 64 years	69.3	70.0	68.5	69.8	70.4	69.2
65 years and over	12.3	11.2	13.5	15.6	14.0	17.1
85 years and over	1.6	1.1	2.1	2.4	1.8	3.0
Average age of the population	37.8	37.1	38.5	40.6	39.4	41.7
Median age of the population	36.3	35.7	37.0	39.3	38.0	40.5
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% dataCensus data footnote 5	501,970	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Single-detached house	287,595	...	...	269,675	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	26,885	...	...	493,275	...	...
Other attached dwellingCensus data footnote 6	180,535	...	...	349,880	...	...
Semi-detached house	31,165	...	...	71,225	...	...
Row house	42,805	...	...	61,630	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	10,675	...	...	48,540	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	95,715	...	...	165,630	...	...
Other single-attached house	170	...	...	2,860	...	...
Movable dwellingCensus data footnote 7	6,960	...	...	95	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 8	501,975	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1 person	123,635	...	...	359,955	...	...
2 persons	168,720	...	...	333,425	...	...
3 persons	82,470	...	...	175,720	...	...
4 persons	77,085	...	...	146,580	...	...
5 or more persons	50,060	...	...	97,245	...	...
Number of persons in private households	1,296,660	...	...	2,691,665	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.4	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% dataCensus data footnote 9	1,077,735	535,885	541,855	2,333,435	1,109,400	1,224,035
Married or living common law	627,330	314,900	312,430	1,181,360	592,560	588,800
Married	525,215	263,795	261,425	1,011,185	505,025	506,160
Living common law	102,115	51,110	51,005	170,175	87,535	82,635
Not married and not living common law	450,405	220,985	229,425	1,152,075	516,840	635,235
Never married	312,235	173,430	138,810	806,270	410,970	395,295
Separated	25,370	10,995	14,375	68,715	27,570	41,145
Divorced	65,670	27,000	38,675	152,000	55,485	96,510
Widowed	47,125	9,560	37,570	125,100	22,810	102,285
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 10	360,690	...	...	718,755	...	...
2 persons	173,160	...	...	344,110	...	...
3 persons	78,630	...	...	174,600	...	...
4 persons	74,790	...	...	143,250	...	...
5 or more persons	34,110	...	...	56,795	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 11	360,690	...	...	718,755	...	...
Total couple families	304,660	...	...	566,155	...	...
Married couples	253,615	...	...	481,125	...	...
Common-law couples	51,035	...	...	85,030	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	56,035	...	...	152,600	...	...
Female parent	43,465	...	...	128,545	...	...
Male parent	12,565	...	...	24,055	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	304,660	...	...	566,155	...	...
Couples without children	139,080	...	...	250,085	...	...
Couples with children	165,575	...	...	316,070	...	...
1 child	63,075	...	...	133,440	...	...
2 children	70,325	...	...	130,765	...	...
3 or more children	32,170	...	...	51,865	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	56,030	...	...	152,595	...	...
1 child	34,075	...	...	94,025	...	...
2 children	15,550	...	...	41,160	...	...
3 or more children	6,405	...	...	17,415	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	231,890	121,495	110,395	602,860	277,825	325,035
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% dataCensus data footnote 12	501,970	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
One-census-family households	336,120	...	...	653,360	...	...
Without children in a census familyCensus data footnote 13	129,400	...	...	226,080	...	...
With children in a census familyCensus data footnote 14	206,725	...	...	427,275	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	11,965	...	...	31,600	...	...
Non-census-family households	153,885	...	...	427,975	...	...
One-person households	123,635	...	...	359,960	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	30,250	...	...	68,010	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 15	1,306,515	653,620	652,895	2,704,415	1,301,900	1,402,515
English only	1,189,010	599,745	589,260	2,323,235	1,139,580	1,183,655
French only	1,760	775	985	2,725	1,140	1,580
English and French	95,095	44,795	50,300	245,695	107,985	137,705
Neither English nor French	20,650	8,300	12,355	132,765	53,195	79,570
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 16	1,306,515	653,620	652,895	2,704,420	1,301,905	1,402,515
English	1,252,055	627,795	624,260	2,508,815	1,219,600	1,289,215
French	27,450	14,285	13,165	39,795	18,800	20,995
English and French	6,890	3,520	3,370	24,865	11,210	13,660
Neither English nor French	20,125	8,020	12,105	130,940	52,295	78,645
Official language minority (number)Census data footnote 17	30,890	16,045	14,850	52,230	24,405	27,825
Official language minority (percentage)Census data footnote 17	2.4	2.5	2.3	1.9	1.9	2.0
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 18	1,306,515	653,620	652,895	2,704,415	1,301,905	1,402,515
Single responses	1,272,330	636,995	635,340	2,598,230	1,251,215	1,347,010
Official languages	956,815	484,040	472,780	1,411,345	697,965	713,380
English	929,745	469,945	459,800	1,375,905	681,120	694,785
French	27,070	14,095	12,980	35,440	16,840	18,595
Non-official languages	315,520	152,955	162,565	1,186,885	553,250	633,630
Aboriginal languages	2,745	1,090	1,655	420	185	235
Algonquian languages	2,155	845	1,305	310	135	170
Blackfoot	35	10	25	5	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	2,010	795	1,215	90	35	50
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	5	5	5	5	5	5
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	20	10	15	0	0	0
Plains Cree	350	120	230	10	5	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Swampy Cree	25	10	15	20	10	15
Woods Cree	155	65	90	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	1,460	590	865	40	15	30
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	5	5	20	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	10	5	5	20	10	10
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	95	35	60	200	95	105
Algonquin	5	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway	90	35	55	175	85	90
Oji-Cree	0	5	5	10	5	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Athabaskan languages	225	75	145	15	10	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	220	75	145	10	5	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	5	5	0	0	0	0
Carrier	5	0	5	0	0	0
Chilcotin	5	0	0	5	0	0
Dene	145	50	95	5	5	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	20	10	15	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	40	15	25	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	10	0	5	0	0	0
South Slavey	25	10	10	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	5	5	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	5	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Haida	0	5	5	0	0	0
Inuit languages	70	20	50	20	0	15
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Inuktitut	40	15	30	20	5	20
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	15	5	10	5	0	0
Iroquoian languages	5	0	0	10	0	10
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	5	10	5	5
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	0	0	5
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	30	20	15	5	5	5
Salish languages	5	0	5	5	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	5	0	5	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	225	105	120	0	5	0
Dakota	65	25	45	5	0	0
Stoney	155	75	75	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	5	0	5	5	5	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	5	0	0	5	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	5	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	25	20	5	55	30	25
Non-Aboriginal languages	312,770	151,865	160,910	1,186,465	553,065	633,395
Afro-Asiatic languages	31,260	16,330	14,930	65,540	32,330	33,205
Berber languages	130	75	60	130	75	50
Kabyle	75	45	30	55	30	25
Berber languages, n.i.e.	55	30	25	75	50	30
Cushitic languages	7,910	3,970	3,935	12,355	5,305	7,055
Bilen	245	140	105	75	40	30
Oromo	1,130	580	545	860	420	440
Somali	6,510	3,235	3,275	11,375	4,810	6,560
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	50	30	25
Semitic languages	23,155	12,245	10,910	52,845	26,840	26,005
Amharic	2,510	1,220	1,295	6,430	2,880	3,545
Arabic	17,520	9,375	8,145	29,825	15,750	14,075
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	75	40	35	4,840	2,360	2,480
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	40	25	15	695	360	335
Harari	170	85	80	755	345	410
Hebrew	405	220	185	4,350	2,350	2,000
Maltese	30	10	15	1,430	715	715
Tigrigna	2,330	1,225	1,105	4,150	1,885	2,260
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	80	45	30	375	190	185
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	65	45	25	200	115	90
Austro-Asiatic languages	9,640	4,445	5,195	26,160	11,855	14,305
Khmer (Cambodian)	760	360	405	1,365	595	770
Vietnamese	8,870	4,080	4,785	24,775	11,255	13,520
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	5	20	5	10
Austronesian languages	42,545	18,510	24,035	99,755	39,025	60,725
Bikol	115	50	60	320	135	180
Cebuano	1,945	815	1,130	3,390	1,335	2,055
Fijian	55	35	20	30	15	15
Hiligaynon	535	235	295	1,695	660	1,035
Ilocano	1,845	780	1,065	7,135	2,765	4,375
Malagasy	10	5	5	15	10	10
Malay	515	225	290	1,930	885	1,050
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	335	155	175	720	310	410
Pangasinan	110	45	65	320	120	200
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	36,725	16,000	20,725	83,230	32,445	50,790
Waray-Waray	70	35	35	210	60	155
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	285	130	155	760	290	465
Creole languages	1,020	530	485	3,015	1,350	1,665
Haitian Creole	50	30	30	165	75	85
Creole, n.o.s.	615	345	275	1,825	815	1,015
Creole languages, n.i.e.	350	165	190	1,025	460	560
Dravidian languages	6,790	3,545	3,250	67,055	33,175	33,875
Kannada	205	105	100	730	380	350
Malayalam	3,455	1,785	1,675	4,560	2,465	2,100
Tamil	2,170	1,150	1,025	57,530	27,935	29,600
Telugu	935	495	440	4,125	2,350	1,770
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	25	10	10	100	45	55
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	0	15	5	15
Indo-European languages	152,440	75,635	76,805	589,415	282,355	307,055
Albanian	770	415	355	8,500	4,225	4,275
Armenian	165	80	85	7,845	3,745	4,105
Balto-Slavic languages	34,685	16,205	18,485	120,445	53,655	66,790
Baltic languages	320	140	175	3,490	1,365	2,125
Latvian	145	70	80	1,605	640	965
Lithuanian	170	70	95	1,885	725	1,160
Slavic languages	34,365	16,060	18,305	116,955	52,290	64,665
Belarusan	35	15	20	195	95	100
Bosnian	715	355	355	1,110	530	580
Bulgarian	475	245	225	4,345	2,075	2,270
Croatian	2,010	1,050	960	5,565	2,535	3,035
Czech	895	435	460	2,860	1,345	1,515
Macedonian	180	95	90	6,190	2,920	3,270
Polish	9,390	4,380	5,005	25,060	10,845	14,215
Russian	5,730	2,655	3,070	36,145	15,805	20,340
Serbian	1,825	925	905	13,385	6,450	6,935
Serbo-Croatian	360	185	180	1,470	670	800
Slovak	610	300	310	3,095	1,455	1,645
Slovene (Slovenian)	290	140	155	1,785	750	1,040
Ukrainian	11,760	5,245	6,525	15,465	6,685	8,780
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	95	50	45	280	140	140
Celtic languages	120	75	50	275	130	145
Scottish Gaelic	50	30	20	80	35	40
Welsh	35	25	15	85	30	55
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	40	25	10	110	60	50
Germanic languages	20,980	10,025	10,960	22,310	10,095	12,215
Afrikaans	565	300	270	400	215	190
Danish	740	365	375	665	290	380
Dutch	4,105	1,985	2,120	3,185	1,535	1,645
Frisian	95	50	40	40	20	15
German	14,810	7,020	7,790	14,520	6,440	8,080
Icelandic	35	10	20	60	35	30
Norwegian	210	100	115	225	105	125
Swedish	270	120	155	700	305	390
Vlaams (Flemish)	80	35	45	130	50	85
Yiddish	55	30	25	2,350	1,095	1,255
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	35	15	20
Greek	1,075	585	490	27,840	13,415	14,420
Indo-Iranian languages	64,055	32,905	31,155	194,765	99,115	95,650
Indo-Aryan languages	57,435	29,430	28,010	138,625	70,700	67,925
Bengali	2,335	1,230	1,105	28,460	14,370	14,095
Gujarati	5,750	2,980	2,770	26,400	13,515	12,880
Hindi	8,410	4,235	4,175	15,235	7,960	7,270
Kashmiri	20	10	10	75	40	35
Konkani	155	80	75	745	350	390
Marathi	535	275	265	1,760	930	830
Nepali	1,990	1,040	955	2,540	1,295	1,245
Oriya (Odia)	70	40	30	300	165	135
Punjabi (Panjabi)	27,785	14,270	13,515	19,965	10,375	9,590
Sindhi	940	440	500	2,440	1,080	1,360
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,305	680	630	3,280	1,600	1,675
Urdu	8,140	4,160	3,980	37,420	19,005	18,415
Iranian languages	6,335	3,320	3,020	55,195	27,900	27,300
Kurdish	755	415	335	1,650	930	715
Pashto	665	350	310	4,355	2,285	2,070
Persian (Farsi)	4,920	2,555	2,365	49,190	24,680	24,510
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	280	150	130	940	520	425
Italic (Romance) languages	30,580	15,350	15,235	207,440	97,980	109,460
Catalan	25	10	15	130	70	55
Italian	4,915	2,435	2,470	62,635	29,050	33,590
Portuguese	4,620	2,260	2,365	59,360	28,535	30,820
Romanian	2,545	1,275	1,270	12,335	5,630	6,705
Spanish	18,465	9,360	9,105	72,855	34,630	38,220
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	15	10	10	135	60	75
Japanese	1,055	340	715	7,015	2,405	4,610
Kartvelian languages	70	40	25	870	465	405
Georgian	70	35	25	870	465	405
Korean	6,335	3,005	3,325	33,665	15,160	18,510
Mongolic languages	80	35	45	290	130	165
Mongolian	80	35	45	295	130	160
Niger-Congo languages	7,320	3,700	3,625	13,780	6,460	7,325
Akan (Twi)	890	460	425	4,345	1,970	2,370
Bamanankan	15	15	5	45	20	25
Edo	140	70	70	675	260	415
Ewe	125	75	55	175	90	80
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	140	75	65	165	90	75
Ga	65	40	25	200	85	115
Ganda	210	110	105	375	185	195
Igbo	305	165	145	745	385	360
Lingala	160	80	75	285	135	150
Rundi (Kirundi)	405	195	205	265	135	135
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	610	305	305	290	135	150
Shona	565	280	285	390	190	205
Swahili	1,245	605	640	2,230	1,045	1,180
Wolof	130	85	50	120	65	50
Yoruba	695	390	310	1,585	820	760
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	1,610	765	855	1,900	845	1,060
Nilo-Saharan languages	750	385	370	235	125	110
Dinka	335	175	160	35	25	15
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	415	210	205	200	110	90
Sign languages	390	190	200	565	320	250
American Sign Language	180	85	95	210	120	90
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	5
Sign languages, n.i.e	210	110	105	355	200	150
Sino-Tibetan languages	47,885	22,610	25,275	250,960	114,630	136,325
Chinese languages	47,180	22,240	24,945	245,285	111,860	133,430
Cantonese	22,675	10,590	12,085	114,670	52,085	62,585
Hakka	625	290	335	2,855	1,220	1,635
Mandarin	19,925	9,465	10,460	111,405	51,120	60,280
Min Dong	70	30	40	445	220	225
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,265	580	685	6,120	2,820	3,295
Wu (Shanghainese)	235	120	120	2,665	1,200	1,465
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,370	1,165	1,205	7,015	3,135	3,880
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	100	50	55
Tibeto-Burman languages	705	375	330	5,670	2,775	2,900
Burmese	140	75	70	605	275	335
Karenic languages	435	235	200	260	120	135
Tibetan	25	15	10	4,595	2,270	2,320
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	105	45	55	215	110	105
Tai-Kadai languages	1,025	380	640	1,720	690	1,030
Lao	380	190	195	705	365	345
Thai	625	185	435	1,005	325	685
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	15	5	10	10	0	5
Turkic languages	2,080	1,165	915	10,680	5,610	5,065
Azerbaijani	120	75	45	915	490	425
Turkish	1,740	970	770	8,835	4,670	4,165
Uyghur	60	35	25	240	115	120
Uzbek	110	60	45	440	225	210
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	45	25	25	250	110	140
Uralic languages	1,855	885	975	15,145	6,655	8,490
Estonian	45	20	25	1,945	775	1,170
Finnish	225	95	135	1,315	495	825
Hungarian	1,590	770	820	11,885	5,385	6,500
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	230	135	100	585	310	275
Multiple responses	34,180	16,625	17,560	106,190	50,685	55,500
English and French	3,920	1,920	1,995	7,550	3,525	4,025
English and non-official language	28,420	13,785	14,635	92,620	44,390	48,230
French and non-official language	1,230	610	620	3,300	1,515	1,785
English, French and non-official language	620	310	305	2,715	1,260	1,460
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 19	1,306,515	653,620	652,895	2,704,420	1,301,900	1,402,515
Single responses	1,234,645	618,560	616,080	2,458,470	1,185,800	1,272,665
Official languages	1,060,670	533,075	527,590	1,756,685	858,655	898,030
English	1,049,730	527,480	522,250	1,739,620	850,745	888,875
French	10,935	5,595	5,340	17,060	7,915	9,155
Non-official languages	173,975	85,480	88,490	701,780	327,145	374,640
Aboriginal languages	540	240	300	110	55	55
Algonquian languages	455	210	245	55	30	20
Blackfoot	10	0	5	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	420	190	230	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	15	5	5	0	0	0
Plains Cree	55	25	30	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	5	5	5	0
Woods Cree	20	5	10	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	325	145	185	10	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	5	5	5	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	5	0	5	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	25	15	10	35	20	15
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	25	15	10	30	20	15
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	5	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	25	5	15	5	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	25	5	20	5	0	5
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	10	5	10	0	0	5
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	5	0	5	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	5	0	5	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	5	0	5	5	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	5	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	5	5	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	5	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	40	15	20	0	0	0
Dakota	20	10	10	0	0	0
Stoney	25	10	15	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	10	10	5	40	15	20
Non-Aboriginal languages	173,435	85,235	88,195	701,675	327,085	374,585
Afro-Asiatic languages	20,330	10,315	10,020	36,560	17,185	19,380
Berber languages	95	45	50	40	20	20
Kabyle	50	25	25	20	10	5
Berber languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	20	10	10
Cushitic languages	5,850	2,930	2,920	7,490	3,140	4,355
Bilen	210	120	90	40	20	20
Oromo	885	455	435	500	230	265
Somali	4,740	2,350	2,390	6,930	2,880	4,050
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	10	5	10	25	10	15
Semitic languages	14,370	7,325	7,040	28,920	13,965	14,950
Amharic	1,700	805	890	3,425	1,500	1,925
Arabic	10,595	5,450	5,145	16,490	8,210	8,280
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	40	20	20	3,615	1,755	1,865
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	10	10	475	245	235
Harari	115	55	60	445	195	250
Hebrew	185	95	95	1,610	805	805
Maltese	5	5	5	425	200	230
Tigrigna	1,655	855	795	2,250	980	1,265
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	55	35	20	170	80	90
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	25	15	10	110	55	55
Austro-Asiatic languages	6,250	2,885	3,365	17,760	8,020	9,735
Khmer (Cambodian)	385	180	205	725	305	420
Vietnamese	5,860	2,700	3,160	17,020	7,715	9,305
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	5	5	0	10	5	5
Austronesian languages	22,800	10,715	12,080	48,375	20,215	28,160
Bikol	10	5	5	70	35	40
Cebuano	810	390	420	1,320	560	760
Fijian	30	15	10	5	5	0
Hiligaynon	195	85	110	615	260	355
Ilocano	605	290	315	2,695	1,150	1,545
Malagasy	10	5	5	5	0	0
Malay	135	65	70	570	275	300
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	130	60	65	210	95	120
Pangasinan	25	10	15	60	30	30
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	20,760	9,745	11,020	42,515	17,680	24,835
Waray-Waray	10	0	5	60	20	40
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	80	40	45	235	110	125
Creole languages	565	285	280	1,530	665	865
Haitian Creole	40	20	20	110	50	55
Creole, n.o.s.	380	200	180	1,015	435	585
Creole languages, n.i.e.	150	70	80	405	180	225
Dravidian languages	4,420	2,280	2,140	47,065	22,840	24,225
Kannada	80	40	45	290	150	135
Malayalam	2,330	1,195	1,130	2,460	1,320	1,140
Tamil	1,445	760	680	42,015	20,085	21,930
Telugu	560	280	280	2,270	1,270	1,000
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	30	15	20
Hmong-Mien languages	10	10	5	5	0	5
Indo-European languages	75,435	37,855	37,580	317,080	150,570	166,505
Albanian	370	195	175	4,115	2,070	2,045
Armenian	75	35	35	5,175	2,430	2,740
Balto-Slavic languages	12,805	6,240	6,570	61,610	28,155	33,455
Baltic languages	120	55	65	1,080	430	650
Latvian	55	25	30	460	180	285
Lithuanian	65	35	40	620	250	370
Slavic languages	12,685	6,180	6,505	60,530	27,725	32,810
Belarusan	10	5	5	70	35	40
Bosnian	300	155	150	500	240	260
Bulgarian	290	145	145	2,450	1,190	1,260
Croatian	895	455	440	2,045	950	1,090
Czech	255	135	120	850	410	445
Macedonian	90	45	40	2,725	1,285	1,440
Polish	3,805	1,790	2,015	10,605	4,730	5,880
Russian	3,260	1,615	1,645	23,075	10,425	12,650
Serbian	1,005	500	500	8,020	3,870	4,160
Serbo-Croatian	120	55	60	580	275	305
Slovak	170	85	90	1,615	795	820
Slovene (Slovenian)	70	35	30	495	200	295
Ukrainian	2,395	1,150	1,250	7,425	3,300	4,125
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	25	10	15	70	30	40
Celtic languages	10	5	5	40	25	15
Scottish Gaelic	5	0	5	10	10	0
Welsh	5	0	5	10	5	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	20	15	5
Germanic languages	3,080	1,510	1,570	2,895	1,320	1,570
Afrikaans	295	150	140	90	45	45
Danish	40	20	20	85	35	45
Dutch	275	135	140	285	140	145
Frisian	5	0	0	0	0	0
German	2,360	1,150	1,205	1,955	875	1,080
Icelandic	20	5	10	15	5	10
Norwegian	15	5	10	30	15	20
Swedish	70	30	40	130	55	80
Vlaams (Flemish)	15	10	5	15	5	5
Yiddish	5	0	0	290	145	145
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	5	0	0
Greek	375	190	190	12,995	6,065	6,930
Indo-Iranian languages	43,140	21,900	21,240	122,130	60,790	61,345
Indo-Aryan languages	39,005	19,815	19,190	84,470	42,410	42,060
Bengali	1,455	755	705	18,930	9,390	9,545
Gujarati	3,655	1,850	1,800	16,525	8,290	8,235
Hindi	5,095	2,600	2,495	7,845	4,060	3,785
Kashmiri	0	5	0	10	5	5
Konkani	40	20	15	160	80	80
Marathi	335	170	165	775	405	370
Nepali	1,395	730	670	1,705	870	835
Oriya (Odia)	35	15	20	145	70	75
Punjabi (Panjabi)	20,655	10,505	10,145	12,075	6,205	5,870
Sindhi	460	230	235	1,130	495	635
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	785	405	380	1,550	765	780
Urdu	5,095	2,530	2,570	23,625	11,770	11,855
Iranian languages	4,020	2,035	1,985	37,275	18,170	19,110
Kurdish	375	200	175	905	490	415
Pashto	430	230	200	2,995	1,530	1,465
Persian (Farsi)	3,220	1,610	1,610	33,375	16,150	17,220
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	115	55	65	385	210	175
Italic (Romance) languages	15,580	7,785	7,800	108,115	49,715	58,400
Catalan	10	5	10	70	30	35
Italian	1,405	635	770	27,130	11,365	15,765
Portuguese	1,915	915	1,005	33,425	16,085	17,340
Romanian	1,355	675	685	5,915	2,705	3,210
Spanish	10,880	5,550	5,330	41,530	19,505	22,025
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	5	5	5	45	25	25
Japanese	475	190	285	3,300	1,380	1,920
Kartvelian languages	55	30	25	640	340	295
Georgian	55	30	25	640	345	295
Korean	4,570	2,245	2,325	23,625	10,835	12,795
Mongolic languages	50	25	30	175	85	90
Mongolian	50	20	25	175	85	85
Niger-Congo languages	2,945	1,420	1,530	5,675	2,540	3,135
Akan (Twi)	445	210	235	2,325	1,000	1,325
Bamanankan	0	0	0	20	5	10
Edo	35	20	15	220	90	130
Ewe	40	20	15	40	10	25
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	55	30	25	60	30	35
Ga	20	10	5	85	30	50
Ganda	80	35	45	115	50	65
Igbo	80	35	45	250	130	120
Lingala	40	15	25	75	30	45
Rundi (Kirundi)	195	90	105	110	55	55
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	285	150	140	80	40	45
Shona	220	100	120	125	55	70
Swahili	585	275	310	995	435	555
Wolof	90	50	40	55	35	25
Yoruba	280	145	135	565	295	265
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	495	230	270	570	255	315
Nilo-Saharan languages	370	185	180	60	35	25
Dinka	200	110	90	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	165	75	90	50	30	20
Sign languages	475	270	210	885	520	365
American Sign Language	195	105	90	315	170	140
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	285	165	120	570	345	220
Sino-Tibetan languages	32,305	15,330	16,975	185,430	85,370	100,055
Chinese languages	31,770	15,050	16,720	181,250	83,310	97,940
Cantonese	14,700	6,795	7,900	83,405	37,430	45,980
Hakka	215	95	120	1,255	555	700
Mandarin	14,725	7,150	7,575	87,760	41,290	46,470
Min Dong	15	5	5	155	70	80
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	550	235	315	2,800	1,285	1,520
Wu (Shanghainese)	120	60	60	1,470	680	790
Chinese, n.o.s.	1,445	705	735	4,350	1,975	2,375
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	10	5	5	55	25	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	540	280	255	4,175	2,060	2,110
Burmese	95	55	45	365	165	205
Karenic languages	365	195	165	210	100	105
Tibetan	25	10	10	3,525	1,755	1,770
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	60	25	35	80	45	35
Tai-Kadai languages	480	220	260	715	330	380
Lao	185	90	95	315	155	155
Thai	285	125	155	395	175	220
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	5	0	5	5	0	5
Turkic languages	1,310	700	610	6,340	3,205	3,135
Azerbaijani	55	30	25	360	185	175
Turkish	1,135	605	535	5,490	2,770	2,720
Uyghur	35	20	15	130	70	60
Uzbek	75	40	30	265	135	125
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	0	90	45	50
Uralic languages	505	240	270	6,255	2,830	3,420
Estonian	5	0	0	535	190	345
Finnish	30	10	20	260	105	155
Hungarian	475	230	250	5,460	2,540	2,925
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	75	40	35	215	115	100
Multiple responses	71,875	35,060	36,815	245,945	116,105	129,845
English and French	2,765	1,370	1,390	6,510	3,015	3,500
English and non-official language	67,190	32,750	34,435	233,300	110,350	122,950
French and non-official language	585	280	305	1,355	595	755
English, French and non-official language	1,340	655	680	4,780	2,145	2,635
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% dataCensus data footnote 20	1,306,520	653,620	652,895	2,704,415	1,301,900	1,402,515
None	1,111,780	558,745	553,035	2,057,585	995,080	1,062,500
English	79,250	39,670	39,585	271,530	130,775	140,750
French	14,795	6,915	7,880	27,445	12,365	15,080
Non-official language	97,020	46,425	50,595	335,090	157,720	177,375
Aboriginal	2,560	1,070	1,495	390	170	220
Non-Aboriginal	94,455	45,355	49,105	334,700	157,550	177,155
English and French	685	350	335	1,835	875	960
English and non-official language	1,870	975	895	6,420	3,080	3,340
French and non-official language	1,060	515	550	4,370	1,945	2,425
English, French and non-official language	50	25	20	140	65	80
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	1,054,130	525,280	528,855	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,120
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,003,805	500,705	503,100	2,187,030	1,041,915	1,145,115
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,863	55,929	34,264	30,089	33,456	27,576
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	1,004,045	500,740	503,300	2,187,340	1,042,005	1,145,335
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	38,871	47,810	31,283	27,958	30,661	25,918
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	933,245	477,470	455,775	1,888,445	918,920	969,525
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	43,476	55,515	33,195	31,733	36,010	28,105
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	594,270	239,340	354,935	1,598,440	709,585	888,850
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	3,924	3,483	4,106	2,249	1,115	3,956
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	815,700	427,895	387,800	1,578,750	791,520	787,230
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	44,532	56,006	34,864	33,602	37,149	30,393
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 22	1,054,235	525,435	528,800	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,004,450	500,870	503,575	2,187,225	1,041,925	1,145,300
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,744	76,680	44,894	52,268	62,667	42,807
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	1,004,710	500,915	503,795	2,187,505	1,042,020	1,145,485
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	49,474	60,924	38,090	41,462	48,059	35,461
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	933,270	477,175	456,100	1,889,205	918,695	970,505
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	60,819	76,898	43,997	54,901	66,647	43,781
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	594,040	239,110	354,925	1,598,720	710,015	888,705
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,161	7,164	7,158	6,631	5,725	7,355
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	815,740	426,890	388,850	1,578,750	791,440	787,310
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	57,572	71,023	42,804	54,032	64,206	43,805
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 23	1,054,240	525,440	528,800	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 24	382,020	219,290	162,735	726,575	392,985	333,585
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 25	65,025	74,939	55,025	55,246	58,626	52,090
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)Census data footnote 26	78,395	90,554	62,010	78,643	89,498	65,856
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% dataCensus data footnote 27	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)Census data footnote 28	93.0	95.6	88.8	90.6	93.6	86.7
Employment income (%)Census data footnote 29	77.1	79.3	73.3	74.4	77.7	70.1
Government transfers (%)Census data footnote 30	7.0	4.4	11.2	9.4	6.4	13.3
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 31	1,054,130	525,275	528,850	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,125
Without total income	50,325	24,570	25,750	107,760	50,750	57,010
With total income	1,003,805	500,705	503,100	2,187,030	1,041,910	1,145,115
Percentage with total income	95.2	95.3	95.1	95.3	95.4	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	123,520	46,605	76,915	389,430	182,890	206,540
$10,000 to $19,999	124,760	47,255	77,500	410,355	175,805	234,550
$20,000 to $29,999	116,970	45,165	71,805	291,155	125,720	165,430
$30,000 to $39,999	98,980	42,010	56,970	221,475	100,395	121,085
$40,000 to $49,999	95,630	43,785	51,845	187,235	87,700	99,530
$50,000 to $59,999	85,640	42,155	43,485	145,500	70,185	75,315
$60,000 to $69,999	71,790	39,345	32,445	114,460	57,710	56,755
$70,000 to $79,999	58,070	34,695	23,375	89,645	46,940	42,705
$80,000 to $89,999	46,225	28,845	17,380	69,990	37,360	32,635
$90,000 to $99,999	39,770	24,760	15,010	58,210	30,000	28,210
$100,000 and over	142,450	106,080	36,365	209,580	127,215	82,365
$100,000 to $149,999	92,950	66,420	26,530	119,810	68,240	51,570
$150,000 and over	49,500	39,660	9,840	89,770	58,970	30,795
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	1,054,130	525,275	528,855	2,294,790	1,092,665	1,202,120
Without after-tax income	50,090	24,535	25,555	107,450	50,660	56,790
With after-tax income	1,004,045	500,740	503,300	2,187,340	1,042,005	1,145,335
Percentage with after-tax income	95.2	95.3	95.2	95.3	95.4	95.3
Under $10,000 (including loss)	126,410	47,375	79,040	395,780	185,320	210,465
$10,000 to $19,999	130,580	49,605	80,975	425,580	183,045	242,535
$20,000 to $29,999	135,275	52,940	82,330	330,405	144,295	186,105
$30,000 to $39,999	124,025	55,055	68,970	261,435	120,825	140,605
$40,000 to $49,999	119,190	57,965	61,225	213,815	101,645	112,175
$50,000 to $59,999	96,760	53,160	43,600	154,925	77,555	77,375
$60,000 to $69,999	72,300	44,055	28,245	112,495	59,255	53,240
$70,000 to $79,999	55,645	35,025	20,620	84,300	44,485	39,810
$80,000 and over	143,855	105,565	38,290	208,615	125,585	83,025
$80,000 to $89,999	41,995	27,750	14,240	57,270	30,705	26,570
$90,000 to $99,999	27,745	19,800	7,945	34,660	20,035	14,630
$100,000 and over	74,115	58,015	16,100	116,680	74,850	41,830
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 33	1,054,130	525,275	528,855	2,294,785	1,092,665	1,202,120
Without employment income	238,430	97,380	141,055	716,035	301,145	414,895
With employment income	815,695	427,900	387,800	1,578,750	791,520	787,235
Percentage with employment income	77.4	81.5	73.3	68.8	72.4	65.5
Under $5,000 (including loss)	82,855	36,745	46,105	201,235	94,895	106,335
$5,000 to $9,999	53,060	21,780	31,280	132,320	61,255	71,065
$10,000 to $19,999	88,985	36,695	52,290	219,865	103,505	116,355
$20,000 to $29,999	75,155	30,810	44,350	176,835	81,220	95,615
$30,000 to $39,999	73,685	32,490	41,195	157,115	75,230	81,885
$40,000 to $49,999	74,125	34,405	39,715	141,850	68,400	73,450
$50,000 to $59,999	69,050	34,240	34,810	113,280	57,245	56,045
$60,000 to $69,999	57,885	32,255	25,630	90,310	47,125	43,180
$70,000 to $79,999	48,360	29,695	18,665	72,190	39,215	32,970
$80,000 and over	192,540	138,785	53,755	273,760	163,425	110,330
$80,000 to $89,999	39,285	25,205	14,085	57,585	31,675	25,910
$90,000 to $99,999	35,505	22,325	13,175	50,845	26,265	24,585
$100,000 and over	117,750	91,255	26,495	165,330	105,485	59,840
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% dataCensus data footnote 34	501,970	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	94,355	...	...	65,829	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	80,505	...	...	58,264	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	123,635	...	...	359,955	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	49,049	...	...	38,018	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	42,311	...	...	34,172	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	378,335	...	...	752,970	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	112,995	...	...	82,908	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	95,857	...	...	73,695	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 35	502,060	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	121,529	...	...	102,721	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	99,007	...	...	81,495	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	123,690	...	...	359,990	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	61,866	...	...	55,409	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	50,474	...	...	44,276	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	378,365	...	...	752,940	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	141,033	...	...	125,340	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	114,873	...	...	99,289	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 36	501,970	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Under $5,000	7,135	...	...	33,195	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,390	...	...	23,455	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,095	...	...	36,550	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	10,695	...	...	54,025	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	16,045	...	...	47,315	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	12,680	...	...	47,500	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	13,415	...	...	46,945	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	14,720	...	...	47,115	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	14,900	...	...	46,285	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	15,225	...	...	44,650	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	31,275	...	...	84,180	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	31,785	...	...	76,120	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	30,900	...	...	68,190	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	29,300	...	...	60,400	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	28,285	...	...	53,485	...	...
$100,000 and over	235,130	...	...	343,520	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	62,070	...	...	100,810	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	48,995	...	...	68,300	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	62,940	...	...	77,810	...	...
$200,000 and over	61,125	...	...	96,600	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 32	501,970	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Under $5,000	7,570	...	...	34,795	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	4,480	...	...	23,615	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	6,260	...	...	37,080	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	11,175	...	...	55,930	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	17,170	...	...	51,910	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	14,460	...	...	52,205	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	16,075	...	...	53,515	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	17,890	...	...	55,545	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	18,810	...	...	55,770	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	19,570	...	...	53,385	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	39,775	...	...	98,910	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	38,625	...	...	86,755	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	37,315	...	...	75,120	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	35,450	...	...	63,360	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	31,955	...	...	51,570	...	...
$100,000 and over	185,390	...	...	263,465	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	65,355	...	...	94,020	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	45,270	...	...	58,260	...	...
$150,000 and over	74,765	...	...	111,185	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 37	356,810	...	...	705,600	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	111,934	...	...	82,859	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	94,875	...	...	73,530	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.1	...	...	3.1	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	126,620	...	...	221,155	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	104,151	...	...	83,232	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	88,064	...	...	72,412	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	166,145	...	...	316,450	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	135,167	...	...	102,273	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	113,331	...	...	89,920	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	4.1	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	51,190	...	...	138,805	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	65,343	...	...	51,040	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	58,824	...	...	47,839	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.7	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 38	356,630	...	...	705,440	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	141,143	...	...	127,312	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	114,678	...	...	100,343	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	126,570	...	...	221,085	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	137,030	...	...	127,461	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	110,179	...	...	98,833	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	166,185	...	...	317,230	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	164,660	...	...	155,188	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	133,319	...	...	120,979	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	51,055	...	...	137,685	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	79,853	...	...	70,494	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	68,410	...	...	59,981	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 21	195,665	104,485	91,175	518,285	246,070	272,220
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	43,116	48,086	38,131	31,059	31,130	31,006
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 39	37,996	41,505	34,405	28,647	28,567	28,713
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 40	195,635	104,545	91,090	517,005	245,105	271,900
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	54,583	59,952	48,422	47,407	49,458	45,557
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)Census data footnote 41	45,030	48,557	40,981	38,513	39,445	37,673
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% dataCensus data footnote 42	1,296,660	649,275	647,385	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430
In the bottom half of the distribution	481,445	231,695	249,755	1,455,315	686,810	768,505
In the bottom decile	92,925	45,300	47,620	404,560	195,060	209,500
In the second decile	85,750	39,065	46,685	320,165	146,185	173,980
In the third decile	91,555	43,390	48,165	268,500	125,455	143,040
In the fourth decile	100,225	48,910	51,315	238,680	113,000	125,680
In the fifth decile	110,990	55,020	55,970	223,410	107,115	116,300
In the top half of the distribution	815,215	417,580	397,630	1,236,350	609,425	626,925
In the sixth decile	121,525	60,450	61,080	216,455	103,995	112,460
In the seventh decile	134,230	67,730	66,500	213,325	103,540	109,785
In the eighth decile	153,050	78,340	74,710	219,865	107,815	112,050
In the ninth decile	182,080	93,525	88,555	241,850	119,425	122,430
In the top decile	224,325	117,535	106,790	344,855	174,650	170,205
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% dataCensus data footnote 43	1,292,270	647,070	645,200	2,691,665	1,296,235	1,395,430
0 to 17 years	285,085	145,930	139,155	478,360	245,340	233,020
0 to 5 years	101,160	51,565	49,595	162,510	83,480	79,030
18 to 64 years	859,530	432,130	427,395	1,811,260	874,400	936,860
65 years and over	147,655	69,005	78,650	402,045	176,495	225,550
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	120,135	56,485	63,655	543,390	254,890	288,495
0 to 17 years	37,720	19,320	18,395	125,675	64,485	61,195
0 to 5 years	14,285	7,305	6,975	42,690	21,880	20,810
18 to 64 years	70,965	32,985	37,975	347,775	163,045	184,725
65 years and over	11,450	4,180	7,280	69,935	27,360	42,575
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	9.3	8.7	9.9	20.2	19.7	20.7
0 to 17 years (%)	13.2	13.2	13.2	26.3	26.3	26.3
0 to 5 years (%)	14.1	14.2	14.1	26.3	26.2	26.3
18 to 64 years (%)	8.3	7.6	8.9	19.2	18.6	19.7
65 years and over (%)	7.8	6.1	9.3	17.4	15.5	18.9
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	103,480	50,325	53,150	469,325	224,145	245,185
0 to 17 years	29,125	14,860	14,265	98,910	50,725	48,185
0 to 5 years	11,110	5,670	5,440	33,950	17,340	16,605
18 to 64 years	68,810	33,340	35,470	322,620	155,490	167,135
65 years and over	5,540	2,125	3,420	47,805	17,935	29,865
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.0	7.8	8.2	17.4	17.3	17.6
0 to 17 years (%)	10.2	10.2	10.3	20.7	20.7	20.7
0 to 5 years (%)	11.0	11.0	11.0	20.9	20.8	21.0
18 to 64 years (%)	8.0	7.7	8.3	17.8	17.8	17.8
65 years and over (%)	3.8	3.1	4.3	11.9	10.2	13.2
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 44	1,296,805	649,300	647,500	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Official languages	1,276,450	641,135	635,315	2,559,780	1,243,220	1,316,560
English	1,274,775	640,415	634,360	2,557,220	1,242,185	1,315,035
French	96,015	45,005	51,005	246,610	107,660	138,950
Non-official languages	397,995	193,525	204,475	1,464,760	689,505	775,260
Aboriginal languages	4,955	2,070	2,890	795	325	465
Algonquian languages	4,155	1,665	2,485	660	285	375
Blackfoot	40	10	35	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	3,970	1,595	2,380	135	70	65
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	20	0	15	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	10	0	15	10	0	0
Plains Cree	960	365	600	30	20	10
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	30	15	15	25	0	20
Woods Cree	255	125	135	10	10	0
Cree, n.o.s.	2,695	1,090	1,605	70	35	40
Eastern Algonquian languages	10	10	0	15	10	10
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	180	65	115	510	220	295
Algonquin	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ojibway	170	60	110	480	210	275
Oji-Cree	10	0	0	10	0	10
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Athabaskan languages	320	135	195	15	0	10
Northern Athabaskan languages	320	130	190	10	10	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	10	0	0	0
Carrier	30	0	20	0	0	0
Chilcotin	10	10	0	0	0	0
Dene	215	80	130	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	45	20	20	0	0	10
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	35	20	10	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	15	15	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	10	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	10	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	10	0	10	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	10	10	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	65	30	35	25	10	10
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	10	0	15	0	0	0
Inuktitut	30	10	20	10	0	10
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	25	20	0	10	10	10
Iroquoian languages	10	10	0	50	10	40
Cayuga	10	10	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	10	0	0	40	0	30
Oneida	0	0	0	10	0	10
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	50	25	25	10	0	0
Salish languages	30	15	15	10	10	10
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	10	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	10	10	0	10	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	10	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Siouan languages	385	205	175	0	0	0
Dakota	115	65	50	0	0	0
Stoney	280	150	130	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	20	0	10	0	0	10
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	15	0	10	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Wakashan languages	10	10	0	0	0	10
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Non-Aboriginal languages	393,185	191,525	201,655	1,464,025	689,205	774,820
Afro-Asiatic languages	44,805	23,225	21,580	100,735	49,935	50,795
Berber languages	210	105	100	140	80	60
Kabyle	85	50	40	35	15	20
Berber languages, n.i.e.	120	60	65	105	65	45
Cushitic languages	9,795	4,985	4,810	17,255	7,505	9,750
Bilen	240	140	100	65	40	25
Oromo	1,210	645	560	1,180	495	685
Somali	8,400	4,220	4,180	16,025	6,955	9,065
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	30	10	15	65	25	40
Semitic languages	35,980	18,760	17,215	84,510	42,935	41,580
Amharic	4,085	2,080	2,010	9,560	4,440	5,115
Arabic	28,255	14,875	13,380	47,885	25,005	22,885
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	70	40	30	5,935	2,865	3,060
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	20	15	10	680	335	350
Harari	235	95	140	945	480	470
Hebrew	1,460	760	700	18,860	9,555	9,310
Maltese	75	35	40	1,860	910	950
Tigrigna	3,130	1,590	1,545	5,150	2,425	2,720
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	160	85	70	465	255	210
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	150	90	60	370	180	190
Austro-Asiatic languages	12,860	6,000	6,860	33,965	15,600	18,360
Khmer (Cambodian)	1,100	530	570	2,020	845	1,170
Vietnamese	11,805	5,500	6,305	32,165	14,870	17,295
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	10	10	10	10	0	10
Austronesian languages	53,390	23,370	30,015	128,080	50,505	77,570
Bikol	75	40	40	385	175	210
Cebuano	2,500	1,115	1,390	4,685	1,865	2,825
Fijian	145	85	60	10	0	10
Hiligaynon	515	215	300	1,810	735	1,075
Ilocano	2,415	1,020	1,400	9,550	3,780	5,770
Malagasy	15	10	0	55	20	35
Malay	1,240	560	680	3,435	1,585	1,855
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	515	240	275	925	425	505
Pangasinan	175	70	105	320	130	190
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	50,665	22,120	28,550	121,160	47,540	73,620
Waray-Waray	105	30	70	220	60	160
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	420	175	245	895	360	535
Creole languages	2,150	1,150	1,000	8,845	3,795	5,050
Haitian Creole	115	65	55	455	190	260
Creole, n.o.s.	1,285	710	580	4,830	2,010	2,825
Creole languages, n.i.e.	770	385	385	3,675	1,625	2,050
Dravidian languages	8,935	4,710	4,225	87,340	43,525	43,810
Kannada	385	185	195	1,610	835	775
Malayalam	4,550	2,345	2,205	6,700	3,545	3,150
Tamil	3,165	1,725	1,445	74,745	36,610	38,135
Telugu	1,365	730	630	6,135	3,560	2,575
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	60	35	25	160	80	85
Hmong-Mien languages	25	15	15	15	10	0
Indo-European languages	195,225	96,920	98,305	764,770	369,530	395,235
Albanian	885	490	395	9,905	4,880	5,025
Armenian	200	80	125	9,635	4,560	5,070
Balto-Slavic languages	40,035	18,880	21,150	138,375	62,965	75,410
Baltic languages	540	255	290	3,910	1,540	2,370
Latvian	250	120	125	1,765	740	1,025
Lithuanian	295	135	165	2,150	800	1,345
Slavic languages	39,710	18,730	20,975	135,360	61,785	73,580
Belarusan	110	60	55	470	240	225
Bosnian	1,135	550	590	1,960	930	1,030
Bulgarian	540	270	270	4,860	2,340	2,525
Croatian	2,815	1,555	1,265	8,555	4,140	4,415
Czech	1,045	445	600	3,745	1,795	1,950
Macedonian	225	105	125	8,245	3,855	4,395
Polish	11,315	5,555	5,760	30,970	13,515	17,450
Russian	9,225	4,350	4,875	51,045	23,155	27,890
Serbian	2,480	1,200	1,280	17,025	8,365	8,660
Serbo-Croatian	440	215	225	1,800	850	950
Slovak	760	405	355	3,460	1,605	1,855
Slovene (Slovenian)	285	140	145	2,015	890	1,125
Ukrainian	14,380	6,220	8,160	21,020	9,150	11,875
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	110	60	50	330	205	135
Celtic languages	430	240	190	1,350	715	635
Scottish Gaelic	155	70	90	400	220	180
Welsh	100	65	40	145	65	80
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	190	110	75	820	440	375
Germanic languages	28,630	14,115	14,515	43,085	20,695	22,380
Afrikaans	1,215	605	615	1,670	850	820
Danish	780	375	405	1,090	485	605
Dutch	4,835	2,335	2,500	4,755	2,330	2,425
Frisian	100	65	30	70	35	40
German	21,070	10,550	10,520	29,985	14,340	15,635
Icelandic	55	20	35	100	50	55
Norwegian	455	195	255	480	240	240
Swedish	580	270	310	1,630	765	865
Vlaams (Flemish)	80	35	50	160	70	90
Yiddish	70	40	35	4,690	2,305	2,380
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	20	10	10	55	25	35
Greek	1,585	785	790	40,165	19,690	20,480
Indo-Iranian languages	79,025	40,725	38,305	254,825	130,405	124,415
Indo-Aryan languages	72,275	37,165	35,110	193,280	99,090	94,195
Bengali	2,815	1,485	1,330	35,640	18,260	17,380
Gujarati	7,515	3,745	3,770	36,185	18,655	17,530
Hindi	27,465	14,320	13,145	65,360	34,360	31,005
Kashmiri	55	30	25	85	40	40
Konkani	165	75	90	1,505	695	810
Marathi	845	465	375	3,225	1,630	1,600
Nepali	1,970	1,065	905	3,920	1,940	1,980
Oriya (Odia)	100	55	45	450	220	230
Punjabi (Panjabi)	36,195	18,670	17,525	33,780	17,720	16,065
Sindhi	1,740	800	935	4,190	1,955	2,235
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	1,825	935	885	6,860	3,385	3,470
Urdu	12,280	6,370	5,910	57,675	29,280	28,390
Iranian languages	7,260	3,805	3,455	63,770	32,350	31,415
Kurdish	855	515	335	2,080	1,205	870
Pashto	810	440	365	6,570	3,595	2,975
Persian (Farsi)	5,815	2,990	2,825	57,755	29,110	28,650
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	475	265	210	1,520	850	665
Italic (Romance) languages	49,065	23,990	25,075	290,570	136,500	154,065
Catalan	75	40	35	240	125	115
Italian	8,385	4,190	4,200	91,590	42,760	48,835
Portuguese	6,100	3,005	3,095	75,785	36,510	39,270
Romanian	3,015	1,545	1,465	14,625	6,575	8,045
Spanish	33,215	16,055	17,155	122,190	57,080	65,110
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	95	45	45	440	225	215
Japanese	2,540	1,105	1,435	12,065	5,105	6,960
Kartvelian languages	60	25	35	1,130	575	550
Georgian	60	25	40	1,125	570	555
Korean	7,195	3,395	3,805	37,610	17,460	20,155
Mongolic languages	145	65	80	350	155	195
Mongolian	145	60	85	350	155	190
Niger-Congo languages	13,245	6,720	6,520	26,430	12,495	13,935
Akan (Twi)	1,440	710	725	7,005	3,220	3,785
Bamanankan	40	20	15	110	70	40
Edo	285	140	145	1,210	500	710
Ewe	155	85	75	265	155	110
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	160	80	80	290	150	145
Ga	195	105	95	470	190	280
Ganda	430	205	220	585	280	305
Igbo	605	330	275	1,475	765	715
Lingala	750	370	380	1,270	540	730
Rundi (Kirundi)	600	285	315	400	210	185
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	910	480	430	460	210	250
Shona	1,025	500	525	755	350	410
Swahili	3,535	1,860	1,670	6,210	2,995	3,210
Wolof	220	135	90	285	135	150
Yoruba	1,600	835	770	3,600	1,870	1,730
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	3,300	1,615	1,685	3,975	1,745	2,235
Nilo-Saharan languages	940	465	475	310	170	140
Dinka	570	265	305	55	40	20
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	370	200	170	250	130	120
Sign languages	2,720	1,060	1,660	3,090	1,375	1,715
American Sign Language	1,535	560	980	1,950	765	1,185
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	10	0	10
Sign languages, n.i.e.	1,190	495	695	1,195	650	545
Sino-Tibetan languages	55,160	26,595	28,565	279,900	129,990	149,910
Chinese languages	54,310	26,145	28,160	273,765	126,960	146,800
Cantonese	28,750	13,715	15,040	141,260	64,620	76,645
Hakka	700	310	395	3,035	1,260	1,770
Mandarin	28,215	13,450	14,760	150,735	69,895	80,840
Min Dong	30	10	15	460	205	255
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	1,610	720	890	7,235	3,190	4,045
Wu (Shanghainese)	255	125	140	3,225	1,490	1,735
Chinese, n.o.s.	2,410	1,205	1,205	7,055	3,155	3,895
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	45	20	25	75	45	30
Tibeto-Burman languages	875	455	415	6,400	3,170	3,230
Burmese	240	125	115	885	400	485
Karenic languages	475	245	230	245	115	135
Tibetan	45	25	20	5,045	2,515	2,525
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	175	100	80	295	170	120
Tai-Kadai languages	1,315	525	795	2,205	875	1,330
Lao	580	270	310	845	380	460
Thai	835	275	560	1,455	540	915
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	15	10	0	20	10	10
Turkic languages	2,910	1,615	1,295	15,400	8,125	7,275
Azerbaijani	250	135	115	1,470	760	705
Turkish	2,380	1,335	1,040	13,000	6,905	6,095
Uyghur	145	65	75	325	150	175
Uzbek	145	75	70	630	345	290
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	70	30	40	380	160	220
Uralic languages	2,325	1,120	1,205	17,070	7,680	9,390
Estonian	40	25	10	1,985	850	1,130
Finnish	415	165	245	1,435	580	855
Hungarian	1,875	925	950	13,700	6,260	7,440
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	705	400	305	1,310	675	635
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 45	1,296,800	649,300	647,505	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 46	1,162,395	582,770	579,625	2,296,365	1,108,000	1,188,365
Canadian citizens aged under 18	264,605	135,390	129,215	431,655	221,480	210,175
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	897,785	447,375	450,410	1,864,715	886,525	978,190
Not Canadian citizensCensus data footnote 47	134,410	66,535	67,875	395,300	188,270	207,025
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 48	1,296,805	649,305	647,500	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Non-immigrantsCensus data footnote 49	959,790	483,675	476,115	1,332,090	665,435	666,655
ImmigrantsCensus data footnote 50	308,625	150,855	157,770	1,266,005	583,970	682,030
Before 1981	61,205	30,580	30,630	294,065	133,310	160,755
1981 to 1990	34,045	16,645	17,405	171,565	81,200	90,360
1991 to 2000	46,800	21,960	24,845	281,870	127,730	154,140
2001 to 2010	88,080	43,325	44,755	330,550	152,950	177,600
2001 to 2005	36,495	17,840	18,655	162,775	75,700	87,070
2006 to 2010	51,585	25,485	26,100	167,780	77,250	90,530
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 51	78,490	38,350	40,140	187,950	88,780	99,170
Non-permanent residentsCensus data footnote 52	28,385	14,770	13,615	93,580	46,865	46,715
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 53	308,625	150,855	157,770	1,266,000	583,970	682,030
Under 5 years	29,380	15,185	14,195	96,800	47,595	49,205
5 to 14 years	53,470	27,775	25,695	205,915	102,700	103,220
15 to 24 years	63,380	29,060	34,320	270,470	120,040	150,430
25 to 44 years	137,065	67,050	70,010	558,625	254,865	303,765
45 years and over	25,335	11,785	13,550	134,195	58,775	75,415
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	308,625	150,855	157,770	1,266,005	583,975	682,030
Americas	31,630	15,195	16,435	212,010	92,485	119,525
Brazil	805	330	475	7,025	3,365	3,660
Colombia	2,610	1,305	1,300	8,715	3,995	4,715
El Salvador	3,050	1,555	1,500	6,955	3,495	3,460
Guyana	1,410	625	785	34,490	14,700	19,790
Haiti	545	305	240	1,850	830	1,020
Jamaica	2,800	1,265	1,535	45,075	18,280	26,795
Mexico	2,450	1,235	1,215	7,225	3,335	3,890
Peru	555	215	335	3,870	1,725	2,145
Trinidad and Tobago	1,630	800	830	19,640	8,305	11,335
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	8,625	4,025	4,600	24,535	11,480	13,050
Other places of birth in Americas	7,170	3,540	3,635	52,630	22,970	29,660
Europe	65,685	32,675	33,005	298,270	139,045	159,225
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,940	990	950	5,125	2,445	2,685
Croatia	1,435	770	660	4,675	2,200	2,475
France	775	350	430	4,585	2,175	2,415
Germany	7,165	3,570	3,590	11,090	5,215	5,870
Greece	655	370	285	19,240	9,185	10,055
Hungary	975	480	490	7,855	3,575	4,280
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	1,525	815	710	4,625	2,400	2,225
Italy	3,520	1,900	1,625	45,515	21,350	24,165
Netherlands	3,825	2,025	1,795	2,690	1,355	1,335
Poland	8,020	3,875	4,145	21,365	9,265	12,100
Portugal	2,575	1,270	1,305	38,575	18,490	20,090
Romania	2,330	1,180	1,155	12,875	5,690	7,185
Russian Federation	2,305	985	1,325	16,225	6,755	9,470
SerbiaCensus data footnote 57	880	390	490	8,525	4,095	4,430
Ukraine	3,770	1,655	2,120	15,780	7,075	8,705
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	16,880	8,610	8,265	40,295	19,430	20,865
Other places of birth in Europe	7,110	3,445	3,670	39,230	18,350	20,880
Africa	37,190	19,235	17,955	77,445	36,520	40,925
Algeria	380	195	185	770	435	335
Egypt	2,055	1,155	895	6,625	3,490	3,135
Ethiopia	4,015	2,045	1,965	9,080	4,095	4,985
Kenya	2,000	1,025	970	4,880	2,195	2,690
Morocco	805	500	305	1,850	890	965
Nigeria	3,255	1,735	1,525	7,605	3,780	3,830
Somalia	4,590	2,255	2,335	9,025	3,605	5,415
South Africa, Republic of	2,250	1,070	1,180	5,560	2,710	2,850
Other places of birth in Africa	17,840	9,250	8,585	32,055	15,320	16,735
Asia	169,875	81,635	88,240	674,490	314,010	360,485
Afghanistan	1,495	770	720	12,740	6,450	6,285
Bangladesh	1,615	810	810	25,100	12,730	12,365
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	19,710	9,025	10,685	131,480	59,275	72,205
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	7,355	3,555	3,800	38,825	17,855	20,965
India	38,830	19,850	18,980	79,225	40,115	39,110
IranCensus data footnote 61	2,720	1,440	1,280	36,440	18,300	18,145
Iraq	2,100	1,145	960	11,135	5,490	5,645
Japan	690	195	495	3,985	1,260	2,725
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	5,000	2,350	2,650	26,830	12,330	14,505
Lebanon	5,050	2,750	2,295	6,010	3,350	2,660
Pakistan	8,255	4,245	4,010	34,750	17,535	17,215
Philippines	45,360	19,890	25,465	118,775	47,820	70,955
Sri Lanka	2,120	1,055	1,070	52,900	25,740	27,160
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	2,015	1,090	920	5,575	2,795	2,785
Taiwan	1,030	450	585	7,695	3,320	4,375
Viet Nam	10,420	4,870	5,555	30,580	13,725	16,850
Other places of birth in Asia	16,130	8,165	7,965	52,450	25,925	26,525
Oceania and other places of birthCensus data footnote 64	4,240	2,110	2,135	3,780	1,910	1,870
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 54	78,490	38,350	40,140	187,945	88,780	99,170
Americas	5,880	2,765	3,115	23,850	11,215	12,635
Brazil	270	110	155	1,910	930	980
Colombia	580	235	340	1,430	670	760
Cuba	250	115	135	770	345	425
Haiti	175	100	80	675	315	360
Jamaica	685	295	395	3,530	1,845	1,685
Mexico	975	505	470	2,065	995	1,070
United StatesCensus data footnote 55	1,485	675	810	4,015	2,090	1,930
VenezuelaCensus data footnote 65	230	85	140	1,060	480	580
Other places of birth in Americas	1,230	640	590	8,390	3,545	4,845
Europe	7,300	3,745	3,560	20,260	10,240	10,020
France	110	55	50	1,145	555	585
Germany	520	295	225	625	345	280
IrelandCensus data footnote 56	535	330	200	1,220	780	440
MoldovaCensus data footnote 66	210	85	120	405	180	220
Romania	375	175	200	860	355	505
Russian Federation	440	165	275	2,290	830	1,460
Ukraine	905	420	490	1,930	905	1,025
United KingdomCensus data footnote 58	1,850	1,030	820	2,120	1,375	740
Other places of birth in Europe	2,370	1,185	1,180	9,680	4,915	4,765
Africa	11,805	5,980	5,825	13,300	6,380	6,920
Algeria	40	15	30	130	50	80
Cameroon	370	180	195	555	235	315
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	530	245	280	330	135	195
Côte d'Ivoire	285	130	155	170	75	95
Egypt	750	415	335	1,350	690	660
Eritrea	990	515	470	970	485	485
Ethiopia	1,220	630	595	1,560	710	850
Morocco	250	150	100	215	100	110
Nigeria	1,565	835	730	2,550	1,235	1,315
Somalia	1,390	685	705	1,010	480	530
South Africa, Republic of	500	250	250	395	230	170
Tunisia	155	75	80	80	50	25
Other places of birth in Africa	3,760	1,860	1,895	3,985	1,895	2,090
Asia	52,780	25,485	27,295	129,690	60,420	69,275
Afghanistan	225	120	105	3,170	1,630	1,540
Bangladesh	555	265	285	5,790	2,875	2,920
ChinaCensus data footnote 59	3,680	1,650	2,030	23,200	10,230	12,965
Hong KongCensus data footnote 60	310	115	200	640	275	360
India	13,565	7,090	6,475	20,095	10,560	9,540
IranCensus data footnote 61	890	480	410	10,935	5,320	5,610
Iraq	705	360	345	3,715	1,795	1,915
Israel	250	135	115	585	300	285
Japan	195	60	130	740	200	540
Korea, SouthCensus data footnote 62	1,500	745	750	2,930	1,320	1,610
Lebanon	785	400	385	615	350	260
Nepal	1,095	580	515	1,575	825	750
Pakistan	1,985	995	990	6,725	3,290	3,440
Philippines	21,470	9,795	11,680	31,725	13,360	18,370
Saudi Arabia	380	210	165	865	440	425
Sri Lanka	760	365	400	4,355	1,825	2,525
SyriaCensus data footnote 63	1,390	740	645	3,260	1,735	1,525
Taiwan	130	40	90	325	105	225
Turkey	220	130	90	1,675	920	755
United Arab Emirates	305	170	140	940	485	455
Viet Nam	760	295	460	1,380	505	875
Other places of birth in Asia	1,635	750	885	4,460	2,085	2,380
Oceania and otherCensus data footnote 64	725	380	345	850	530	315
Australia	275	145	130	665	425	235
Other places of birthCensus data footnote 67	450	235	215	185	105	85
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 68	1,296,805	649,305	647,500	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
First generationCensus data footnote 69	343,900	169,135	174,765	1,377,465	640,060	737,410
Second generationCensus data footnote 70	256,445	128,720	127,725	740,175	371,445	368,740
Third generation or moreCensus data footnote 71	696,455	351,445	345,010	574,025	284,770	289,250
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 72	252,295	122,765	129,525	988,325	458,395	529,930
Economic immigrantsCensus data footnote 73	135,780	68,720	67,060	475,155	227,395	247,760
Principal applicantsCensus data footnote 74	55,155	34,170	20,985	201,865	111,560	90,305
Secondary applicantsCensus data footnote 75	80,625	34,550	46,075	273,295	115,840	157,450
Immigrants sponsored by familyCensus data footnote 76	72,520	30,015	42,505	320,945	131,350	189,590
RefugeesCensus data footnote 77	42,330	23,155	19,175	176,120	92,535	83,590
Other immigrantsCensus data footnote 78	1,665	875	790	16,105	7,110	8,990
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 79	1,296,800	649,305	647,500	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Aboriginal identityCensus data footnote 80	76,110	36,075	40,030	23,065	10,835	12,230
Single Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 81	74,330	35,270	39,060	21,920	10,215	11,715
First Nations (North American Indian)Census data footnote 82	33,820	15,730	18,090	14,380	6,695	7,680
Métis	39,395	18,960	20,435	7,265	3,385	3,880
Inuk (Inuit)	1,115	585	535	275	130	145
Multiple Aboriginal responsesCensus data footnote 83	1,075	505	575	500	265	240
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhereCensus data footnote 84	700	295	400	640	360	285
Non-Aboriginal identity	1,220,695	613,225	607,470	2,668,600	1,285,435	1,383,160
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 85	1,296,800	649,300	647,500	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Registered or Treaty IndianCensus data footnote 86	29,560	13,535	16,025	7,960	3,655	4,305
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	1,267,240	635,765	631,480	2,683,705	1,292,615	1,391,085
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 87	1,296,805	649,300	647,505	2,691,665	1,296,275	1,395,395
Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 88	23,305	10,870	12,435	4,215	1,900	2,320
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 89	22,255	10,395	11,860	4,125	1,855	2,270
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestryCensus data footnote 82	15,960	7,435	8,525	3,335	1,450	1,880
Métis single ancestry	6,010	2,830	3,180	705	370	330
Inuit single ancestry	280	135	145	95	30	55
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)Census data footnote 90	1,055	475	580	90	40	45
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	970	430	535	65	30	35
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	50	25	20	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	30	15	15	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	10	0	10	20	10	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 91	66,395	31,975	34,420	31,410	14,650	16,760
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 92	62,870	30,440	32,435	30,560	14,295	16,265
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	34,190	16,430	17,765	23,355	11,000	12,355
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	27,690	13,460	14,235	6,885	3,145	3,745
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	985	550	440	315	155	160
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestriesCensus data footnote 93	3,525	1,535	1,985	850	355	495
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	3,260	1,420	1,845	770	310	460
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	65	75	60	35	30
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	105	45	65	20	10	10
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	10	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)Census data footnote 94	1,207,105	606,460	600,645	2,656,035	1,279,725	1,376,310
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 95	1,296,805	649,300	647,505	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,395
Total visible minority populationCensus data footnote 96	363,920	180,585	183,335	1,385,855	656,795	729,055
South AsianCensus data footnote 97	91,415	47,195	44,225	338,965	171,485	167,485
Chinese	60,205	29,265	30,935	299,465	140,730	158,730
Black	57,815	29,680	28,140	239,850	109,870	129,985
Filipino	61,005	27,520	33,480	152,715	64,130	88,585
Latin American	18,760	9,525	9,235	77,165	37,295	39,865
Arab	25,470	13,590	11,880	36,030	18,920	17,110
Southeast AsianCensus data footnote 98	17,255	8,260	8,995	41,650	19,375	22,270
West AsianCensus data footnote 99	6,750	3,480	3,270	60,320	30,515	29,805
Korean	7,605	3,640	3,965	41,640	19,665	21,970
Japanese	2,470	980	1,495	13,415	5,505	7,905
Visible minority, n.i.e.Census data footnote 100	4,040	1,915	2,120	36,975	16,940	20,030
Multiple visible minoritiesCensus data footnote 101	11,130	5,525	5,605	47,670	22,360	25,315
Not a visible minorityCensus data footnote 102	932,885	468,720	464,165	1,305,815	639,475	666,340
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 103	1,296,805	649,300	647,500	2,691,665	1,296,270	1,395,390
North American Aboriginal origins	89,700	42,840	46,855	35,630	16,545	19,080
First Nations (North American Indian)	54,590	25,810	28,780	27,610	12,840	14,770
Inuit	1,615	845	770	515	245	270
Métis	38,090	18,200	19,890	8,465	3,870	4,590
Other North American origins	281,520	143,300	138,225	345,710	170,645	175,060
Acadian	1,905	1,090	820	2,315	1,190	1,125
American	20,080	9,700	10,380	27,470	13,455	14,015
Canadian	266,165	135,565	130,600	323,175	159,440	163,740
New Brunswicker	20	15	10	50	35	15
Newfoundlander	560	310	245	1,430	695	730
Nova Scotian	80	50	30	335	150	180
Ontarian	15	10	10	375	230	150
Québécois	495	280	215	880	445	440
Other North American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 104	80	40	45	150	75	75
European origins	814,100	405,805	408,290	1,288,850	624,910	663,940
British Isles origins	470,195	234,675	235,520	597,295	292,595	304,700
Channel Islander	70	20	45	175	95	85
Cornish	75	50	30	155	75	75
English	258,190	127,605	130,590	331,895	162,525	169,370
Irish	185,935	90,225	95,710	262,965	125,330	137,635
Manx	275	125	150	435	255	180
Scottish	208,275	103,075	105,200	256,250	124,595	131,660
Welsh	24,700	11,960	12,745	28,210	13,430	14,780
British Isles origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 105	28,175	13,750	14,425	52,905	25,635	27,265
French origins	142,900	69,465	73,430	122,870	58,265	64,605
Alsatian	85	45	35	265	100	165
Breton	35	20	15	40	30	10
Corsican	90	50	40	35	15	25
French	142,765	69,390	73,375	122,610	58,150	64,460
Western European origins (except French origins)	274,300	135,440	138,860	187,190	90,670	96,515
Austrian	13,775	6,555	7,220	16,145	7,655	8,490
Bavarian	45	20	25	85	35	45
Belgian	7,050	3,415	3,635	4,895	2,220	2,675
Dutch	57,420	28,265	29,155	41,650	19,880	21,770
Flemish	730	315	420	465	225	240
Frisian	145	90	55	235	135	95
German	213,150	105,125	108,020	130,895	63,810	67,085
Luxembourger	205	110	95	125	60	65
Swiss	6,225	3,180	3,045	7,635	3,775	3,855
Western European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 106	175	70	105	340	145	195
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	93,650	45,015	48,630	36,720	17,695	19,020
Danish	15,700	7,500	8,190	7,575	3,715	3,855
Finnish	5,315	2,640	2,675	8,160	3,795	4,365
Icelandic	5,355	2,760	2,595	2,310	1,115	1,195
Norwegian	43,555	20,880	22,670	9,175	4,570	4,610
Swedish	29,435	13,455	15,980	10,400	4,780	5,620
Northern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 107	4,195	2,090	2,110	1,950	890	1,060
Eastern European origins	253,620	122,920	130,700	302,485	141,850	160,630
Bulgarian	905	465	440	6,495	3,090	3,400
Byelorussian	1,065	585	485	4,085	2,035	2,045
Czech	6,110	3,020	3,090	9,505	4,555	4,945
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 108	3,000	1,455	1,545	2,320	1,040	1,275
Estonian	660	305	360	4,615	2,165	2,455
Hungarian	14,535	7,070	7,460	33,700	16,345	17,350
Latvian	1,225	565	660	5,710	2,640	3,070
Lithuanian	2,035	1,005	1,030	11,675	5,400	6,270
Moldovan	375	170	205	1,270	620	650
Polish	72,770	35,305	37,465	114,535	53,655	60,875
Romanian	11,585	5,630	5,955	26,255	12,230	14,030
Russian	28,300	13,440	14,860	74,470	34,140	40,330
Slovak	3,220	1,515	1,705	7,615	3,680	3,935
Ukrainian	159,840	77,285	82,560	72,340	34,015	38,330
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 109	615	315	295	5,210	2,415	2,795
Southern European origins	77,100	38,655	38,450	441,485	215,805	225,680
Albanian	805	445	360	11,120	5,565	5,555
Bosnian	1,535	770	765	2,960	1,425	1,540
Catalan	30	30	10	120	80	40
Croatian	5,275	2,905	2,370	13,675	6,690	6,980
Cypriot	65	40	20	1,465	745	725
Greek	5,005	2,575	2,425	57,425	28,600	28,820
Italian	33,810	17,180	16,630	182,500	89,805	92,685
Kosovar	175	90	85	275	145	125
Macedonian	400	200	200	13,320	6,590	6,735
Maltese	495	260	235	6,765	3,365	3,400
Montenegrin	105	70	40	935	405	530
Portuguese	10,705	5,450	5,245	100,415	48,720	51,695
Serbian	3,415	1,665	1,750	19,375	9,710	9,670
Sicilian	90	45	50	675	335	340
Slovenian	1,380	720	655	5,475	2,685	2,795
Spanish	16,620	7,625	8,995	56,815	26,600	30,215
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 110	1,685	825	855	3,310	1,580	1,730
Southern European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 111	60	35	25	260	115	145
Other European origins	7,305	3,870	3,430	42,130	20,955	21,175
Basque	120	60	65	510	230	280
Jewish	3,680	2,005	1,675	34,270	17,140	17,125
Roma (Gypsy)	110	50	60	900	420	475
Slavic, n.o.s.Census data footnote 112	290	140	145	495	260	230
Other European origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 113	3,135	1,635	1,505	6,320	3,075	3,245
Caribbean origins	15,230	7,605	7,630	165,735	73,670	92,065
Antiguan	130	65	60	1,320	535	780
Bahamian	105	70	35	620	335	285
Barbadian	860	425	435	9,015	4,030	4,980
Bermudan	45	30	15	650	295	350
Carib	50	25	25	995	340	660
Cuban	965	515	450	5,345	2,445	2,895
Dominican	360	185	175	3,580	1,725	1,855
Grenadian	340	180	165	7,370	3,005	4,365
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	880	505	375	3,440	1,580	1,855
Jamaican	7,460	3,670	3,790	90,065	40,370	49,690
Kittitian/Nevisian	25	10	20	905	435	475
Martinican	10	0	0	75	35	45
Montserratan	20	0	20	240	105	140
Puerto Rican	100	45	55	450	235	210
St. Lucian	230	120	110	3,525	1,470	2,060
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	2,470	1,275	1,195	20,215	9,035	11,180
Vincentian/Grenadinian	140	50	95	6,165	2,525	3,640
West Indian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 114	1,090	525	565	20,315	8,760	11,555
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 115	920	450	470	7,870	3,390	4,475
Latin, Central and South American origins	24,525	12,250	12,270	113,820	53,515	60,305
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	770	335	435	4,495	2,040	2,455
Arawak	15	15	0	470	225	250
Argentinian	385	220	170	4,250	2,100	2,155
Belizean	55	35	20	185	70	115
Bolivian	85	35	50	780	370	405
Brazilian	965	460	510	8,365	4,165	4,205
Chilean	3,935	1,965	1,965	5,900	2,885	3,015
Colombian	3,575	1,760	1,810	12,235	5,830	6,405
Costa Rican	150	75	70	1,070	580	490
Ecuadorian	300	150	150	9,990	4,675	5,315
Guatemalan	700	375	330	3,110	1,470	1,645
Guyanese	1,610	770	845	26,690	11,845	14,845
Hispanic	760	395	360	2,150	1,060	1,080
Honduran	180	110	70	1,020	455	565
Maya	230	115	115	785	385	395
Mexican	5,110	2,655	2,460	12,095	5,695	6,400
Nicaraguan	510	265	245	2,330	1,125	1,205
Panamanian	105	50	50	890	365	530
Paraguayan	25	20	10	165	65	100
Peruvian	865	420	450	4,990	2,335	2,655
Salvadorean	3,980	2,000	1,980	9,565	4,725	4,840
Uruguayan	135	85	50	1,300	665	630
Venezuelan	710	330	380	4,215	1,910	2,305
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 116	1,080	550	530	5,075	2,490	2,590
African origins	59,330	30,555	28,770	146,875	70,430	76,445
Central and West African origins	12,940	6,815	6,120	31,135	15,255	15,880
Akan	25	15	10	460	260	205
Angolan	125	70	50	840	375	470
Ashanti	35	25	15	555	275	285
Beninese	35	25	15	235	120	110
Burkinabe	70	45	30	45	10	35
Cameroonian	780	385	390	1,570	770	800
Chadian	0	10	0	130	65	65
Congolese	2,275	1,195	1,080	2,630	1,215	1,410
Edo	210	125	80	490	255	240
Ewe	55	30	25	75	40	35
Gabonese	0	0	0	40	10	30
Gambian	40	25	10	435	195	240
Ghanaian	2,110	1,095	1,010	9,965	4,640	5,325
Guinean	285	150	135	470	235	235
Ibo	385	215	170	665	375	295
Ivorian	405	215	185	385	175	215
Liberian	650	305	340	170	70	100
Malian	35	15	20	175	95	85
Malinké	70	40	30	160	65	95
Nigerian	3,570	1,850	1,720	9,745	4,935	4,815
Peulh	65	40	25	65	40	25
Senegalese	250	155	90	365	195	170
Sierra Leonean	470	250	220	595	305	290
Togolese	50	20	30	205	135	75
Wolof	20	10	10	45	20	20
Yoruba	830	420	405	1,105	645	465
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 117	880	495	380	1,500	750	750
North African origins	9,230	4,840	4,395	19,510	9,970	9,540
Algerian	500	230	270	895	410	485
Berber	240	155	85	455	250	205
Coptic	95	45	50	285	150	130
Dinka	200	105	95	10	0	10
Egyptian	3,355	1,775	1,580	10,490	5,310	5,180
Libyan	590	300	290	715	380	335
Maure	35	20	10	145	85	60
Moroccan	1,190	640	550	4,100	2,090	2,010
Sudanese	2,745	1,445	1,295	2,310	1,140	1,165
Tunisian	375	180	190	550	285	265
North African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 118	235	115	125	470	285	185
Southern and East African origins	27,415	14,115	13,300	56,405	26,555	29,850
Afrikaner	80	45	30	185	95	95
Amhara	185	95	90	330	165	165
Bantu, n.o.s.Census data footnote 119	410	230	185	175	100	75
Burundian	695	380	310	475	265	210
Djiboutian	155	85	70	160	80	85
Eritrean	3,475	1,790	1,690	6,455	3,100	3,355
Ethiopian	5,325	2,670	2,655	13,085	6,260	6,825
Harari	120	60	55	395	220	175
Kenyan	970	505	460	2,150	965	1,185
Malagasy	50	30	15	80	35	45
Mauritian	205	110	100	940	460	485
Oromo	555	355	205	640	280	365
Rwandan	1,125	600	530	790	365	425
Seychellois	0	10	0	75	30	45
Somali	9,805	4,995	4,805	20,960	9,680	11,280
South African	1,775	890	880	5,435	2,700	2,735
Tanzanian	470	300	175	1,145	550	590
Tigrian	255	130	125	360	185	170
Ugandan	655	355	300	1,285	625	660
Zambian	95	50	45	170	80	85
Zimbabwean	1,380	690	690	1,025	450	575
Zulu	175	75	95	140	75	65
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 120	1,510	770	740	3,275	1,380	1,900
Other African origins	10,970	5,470	5,505	41,955	19,685	22,265
Black, n.o.s.Census data footnote 121	1,200	610	585	6,535	2,745	3,790
Other African origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 122	9,955	4,950	5,005	35,855	17,135	18,720
Asian origins	288,660	141,975	146,680	1,079,290	515,530	563,760
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	40,165	21,075	19,090	152,055	77,495	74,555
Afghan	2,485	1,310	1,180	20,915	10,765	10,150
Arab, n.o.s.Census data footnote 123	4,415	2,405	2,015	9,280	4,885	4,390
Armenian	625	310	310	12,265	5,945	6,315
Assyrian	160	70	85	3,125	1,620	1,505
Azerbaijani	300	150	150	1,670	805	865
Georgian	95	45	50	1,605	815	785
Hazara	100	55	45	330	165	160
Iranian	4,630	2,375	2,250	45,540	23,005	22,540
Iraqi	2,065	1,085	980	10,475	5,180	5,295
Israeli	705	365	345	6,715	3,480	3,240
Jordanian	635	320	320	1,480	830	650
Kazakh	105	50	55	630	290	345
Kurd	1,065	600	465	2,565	1,415	1,155
Kuwaiti	115	55	60	155	95	60
Kyrgyz	30	15	10	130	40	90
Lebanese	15,075	7,820	7,265	13,125	6,800	6,325
Palestinian	2,905	1,605	1,295	4,095	2,285	1,810
Pashtun	235	105	130	825	460	360
Saudi Arabian	195	95	100	1,120	585	535
Syrian	3,015	1,545	1,470	6,655	3,210	3,450
Tajik	65	40	20	775	390	390
Tatar	135	55	85	860	375	485
Turk	2,755	1,520	1,235	13,345	6,850	6,500
Turkmen	50	15	30	200	90	110
Uighur	100	50	45	370	180	190
Uzbek	175	85	90	1,020	525	490
Yemeni	255	130	125	1,405	665	745
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 124	885	495	390	4,215	2,180	2,035
South Asian origins	91,600	47,185	44,415	350,040	175,565	174,465
Bangladeshi	1,450	715	730	18,155	9,430	8,725
Bengali	610	345	270	9,455	4,875	4,580
Bhutanese	80	45	30	125	75	50
East Indian	72,250	37,095	35,150	202,675	101,705	100,965
Goan	85	40	40	1,280	565	710
Gujarati	480	250	230	1,990	1,075	915
Kashmiri	105	55	50	345	180	165
Nepali	1,840	990	850	3,080	1,515	1,565
Pakistani	8,380	4,330	4,050	36,135	18,365	17,775
Punjabi	6,270	3,320	2,955	6,205	3,185	3,020
Sinhalese	270	155	115	1,735	855	880
Sri Lankan	2,330	1,175	1,145	58,185	28,130	30,050
Tamil	480	250	230	20,350	10,290	10,050
South Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 125	1,945	1,010	940	18,470	9,450	9,020
East and Southeast Asian origins	158,390	74,440	83,945	586,515	266,790	319,725
Burmese	450	235	215	1,200	565	630
Cambodian (Khmer)	1,565	805	765	2,965	1,300	1,665
Chinese	71,945	34,655	37,290	332,830	155,720	177,105
Filipino	64,220	29,110	35,110	162,600	68,740	93,865
Hmong	0	0	0	15	0	10
Indonesian	950	455	500	2,950	1,370	1,585
Japanese	3,635	1,560	2,070	17,265	7,320	9,945
Karen	395	225	170	230	100	130
Korean	8,000	3,825	4,180	43,455	20,505	22,945
Laotian	765	395	370	1,260	580	680
Malaysian	1,465	670	795	2,875	1,340	1,535
Mongolian	350	155	190	1,090	480	610
Singaporean	150	75	80	560	240	320
Taiwanese	665	290	375	4,495	2,020	2,480
Thai	1,035	375	660	1,795	640	1,155
Tibetan	40	25	15	5,430	2,700	2,730
Vietnamese	14,175	6,825	7,355	36,840	17,305	19,530
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 126	370	190	175	1,375	700	680
Other Asian origins	945	505	440	4,605	2,305	2,295
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 127	945	500	435	4,605	2,305	2,295
Oceania origins	4,955	2,555	2,400	5,790	2,905	2,890
Australian	1,940	1,015	920	3,705	1,940	1,765
New Zealander	700	385	320	1,230	640	590
Pacific Islands origins	2,435	1,215	1,215	1,025	430	595
Fijian	1,905	930	975	465	165	300
Hawaiian	150	70	75	130	55	70
Maori	200	105	90	145	80	65
Polynesian, n.o.s.Census data footnote 128	60	25	30	75	15	60
Samoan	60	40	20	65	35	30
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.Census data footnote 129	70	50	20	220	95	125
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 130	502,060	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Owner	349,430	...	...	587,095	...	...
Renter	151,765	...	...	525,835	...	...
Band housing	865	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 131	502,060	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Condominium	99,565	...	...	292,265	...	...
Not condominium	402,490	...	...	820,665	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 132	502,060	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
No bedrooms	2,635	...	...	22,355	...	...
1 bedroom	56,300	...	...	310,010	...	...
2 bedrooms	107,765	...	...	315,685	...	...
3 bedrooms	177,390	...	...	270,925	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	157,970	...	...	193,955	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 133	502,055	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	136,545	...	...	559,150	...	...
5 rooms	77,035	...	...	150,730	...	...
6 rooms	71,100	...	...	119,130	...	...
7 rooms	63,270	...	...	94,780	...	...
8 or more rooms	154,110	...	...	189,140	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	6.3	...	...	5.0	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 134	502,055	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
One person or fewer per room	490,135	...	...	1,054,450	...	...
More than 1 person per room	11,925	...	...	58,480	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 135	502,055	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Suitable	475,130	...	...	978,105	...	...
Not suitable	26,930	...	...	134,825	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 136	502,060	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1960 or before	61,430	...	...	363,130	...	...
1961 to 1980	153,795	...	...	347,615	...	...
1981 to 1990	61,085	...	...	109,900	...	...
1991 to 2000	59,650	...	...	85,645	...	...
2001 to 2005	48,040	...	...	58,310	...	...
2006 to 2010	56,925	...	...	67,530	...	...
2011 to 2016Census data footnote 137	61,135	...	...	80,805	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 138	502,060	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	474,860	...	...	1,034,330	...	...
Major repairs needed	27,200	...	...	78,600	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 139	502,060	...	...	1,112,930	...	...
1 household maintainer	283,625	...	...	693,405	...	...
2 household maintainers	200,125	...	...	374,460	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	18,300	...	...	45,060	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 140	502,055	...	...	1,112,925	...	...
15 to 24 years	19,675	...	...	38,565	...	...
25 to 34 years	97,135	...	...	193,895	...	...
35 to 44 years	100,360	...	...	200,745	...	...
45 to 54 years	99,665	...	...	225,775	...	...
55 to 64 years	92,545	...	...	198,425	...	...
65 to 74 years	54,380	...	...	134,375	...	...
75 to 84 years	28,505	...	...	84,315	...	...
85 years and over	9,795	...	...	36,845	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 141	496,330	...	...	1,110,735	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	387,505	...	...	704,665	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	108,825	...	...	406,070	...	...
30% to less than 100%	94,860	...	...	328,350	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	346,850	...	...	587,080	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgageCensus data footnote 142	65.0	...	...	57.5	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	15.1	...	...	27.4	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,535	...	...	1,496	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,557	...	...	1,682	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	399,942	...	...	601,922	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)Census data footnote 144	437,538	...	...	754,015	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	151,560	...	...	525,825	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housingCensus data footnote 145	10.3	...	...	15.1	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costsCensus data footnote 141	37.8	...	...	46.8	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,254	...	...	1,201	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)Census data footnote 143	1,291	...	...	1,242	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	1,054,235	525,435	528,800	2,294,785	1,092,650	1,202,135
No certificate, diploma or degree	162,550	82,800	79,745	377,340	177,785	199,555
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	295,890	144,360	151,530	561,090	276,685	284,405
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	595,795	298,280	297,520	1,356,360	638,180	718,175
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	103,780	83,310	20,470	94,005	59,530	34,475
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	29,175	17,715	11,460	53,060	30,330	22,730
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	74,605	65,590	9,010	40,945	29,200	11,745
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	202,420	84,750	117,670	362,080	156,110	205,975
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	34,000	13,480	20,525	65,015	27,975	37,040
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	255,600	116,740	138,855	835,260	394,570	440,685
Bachelor's degree	177,195	76,745	100,450	534,610	245,840	288,770
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	13,920	6,295	7,625	54,570	24,630	29,940
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	8,045	4,340	3,705	23,540	12,070	11,475
Master's degree	45,905	22,695	23,220	192,120	93,960	98,165
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	10,530	6,670	3,855	30,415	18,075	12,345
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 146	740,350	370,655	369,695	1,554,815	745,235	809,575
No certificate, diploma or degree	72,100	38,890	33,210	159,795	80,050	79,745
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificateCensus data footnote 147	183,535	90,730	92,805	317,080	162,485	154,595
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	484,715	241,030	243,675	1,077,935	502,705	575,235
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	80,435	65,485	14,945	63,315	39,670	23,640
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 148	21,380	13,410	7,970	36,000	20,535	15,465
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of QualificationCensus data footnote 149	59,045	52,075	6,975	27,315	19,140	8,175
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	164,095	69,130	94,970	279,675	121,840	157,835
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	26,380	10,580	15,800	48,700	21,085	27,620
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	213,805	95,840	117,965	686,245	320,105	366,140
Bachelor's degree	147,835	63,425	84,410	433,620	198,980	234,645
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10,820	4,760	6,055	43,840	19,135	24,700
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	6,835	3,455	3,380	18,815	8,885	9,930
Master's degree	40,005	19,160	20,850	166,405	79,845	86,565
Earned doctorateCensus data footnote 150	8,310	5,040	3,270	23,560	13,265	10,300
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	1,054,235	525,440	528,800	2,294,785	1,092,655	1,202,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	458,440	227,155	231,280	938,430	454,465	483,960
Education	42,060	10,670	31,395	67,335	14,370	52,965
13. Education	42,060	10,670	31,395	67,335	14,370	52,960
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	17,040	7,435	9,605	86,360	39,575	46,790
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	3,285	2,265	1,020	10,295	7,570	2,730
50. Visual and performing arts	13,755	5,175	8,585	76,060	32,010	44,055
Humanities	24,100	9,995	14,100	101,435	38,205	63,235
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,725	780	1,945	12,405	2,990	9,415
23. English language and literature/letters	5,150	1,615	3,530	31,945	10,210	21,735
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	7,485	2,785	4,700	23,775	8,195	15,580
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	70	30	40	670	275	390
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,705	1,015	690	8,015	4,575	3,440
39. Theology and religious vocations	3,440	1,985	1,455	5,470	3,390	2,080
54. History	2,950	1,655	1,295	15,360	7,870	7,495
55. French language and literature/letters	570	125	445	3,800	700	3,100
Social and behavioural sciences and law	54,225	18,015	36,210	215,995	80,300	135,695
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	905	200	705	3,805	805	3,000
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	5,335	2,245	3,090	27,660	10,905	16,755
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	9,430	780	8,655	26,595	2,885	23,710
22. Legal professions and studies	10,120	3,335	6,785	38,050	16,600	21,445
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	740	245	490	3,800	945	2,855
42. Psychology	10,480	2,965	7,510	29,555	7,530	22,020
45. Social sciences	17,210	8,240	8,970	86,530	40,630	45,900
Business, management and public administration	118,515	44,895	73,625	316,575	143,795	172,785
30.16 Accounting and computer science	205	55	150	605	260	350
44. Public administration and social service professions	7,005	1,470	5,530	22,580	5,035	17,545
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	111,305	43,370	67,935	293,390	138,500	154,885
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25,940	13,130	12,800	63,185	30,155	33,030
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10,150	4,450	5,700	29,170	12,005	17,165
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	6,235	2,785	3,450	13,410	5,860	7,545
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	145	25	120	1,375	425	955
40. Physical sciences	7,390	4,950	2,440	17,275	11,180	6,095
41. Science technologies/technicians	2,020	920	1,095	1,955	690	1,265
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	21,490	13,180	8,315	76,435	49,500	26,940
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	16,960	11,305	5,655	57,245	39,505	17,745
25. Library science	1,800	240	1,560	3,700	670	3,025
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,585	1,535	1,050	14,345	8,490	5,855
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	145	90	55	1,145	825	315
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	156,315	141,560	14,750	203,235	170,735	32,500
04. Architecture and related services	4,040	2,635	1,405	18,005	11,130	6,880
14. Engineering	34,310	28,075	6,235	93,100	73,100	20,010
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	29,305	25,610	3,695	31,630	28,215	3,415
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	90	25	60
46. Construction trades	36,945	35,450	1,495	25,275	24,510	770
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	30,840	29,835	1,000	23,105	22,355	755
48. Precision production	20,865	19,955	910	12,020	11,410	610
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	10,595	6,280	4,310	14,385	7,115	7,275
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	6,630	3,805	2,820	7,765	4,080	3,685
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,965	2,475	1,485	6,620	3,035	3,585
Health and related fields	95,020	18,435	76,580	161,620	40,265	121,345
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	5,935	2,765	3,165	12,375	6,245	6,130
51. Health professions and related programs	86,470	14,185	72,285	142,000	30,130	111,875
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,615	1,485	1,130	7,235	3,890	3,345
Personal, protective and transportation services	30,450	14,645	15,805	49,580	24,085	25,500
12. Personal and culinary services	18,050	4,955	13,095	33,390	11,715	21,675
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	55	50	10	210	185	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	330	290	35	215	195	25
43. Security and protective services	6,470	4,210	2,255	9,480	6,475	3,005
49. Transportation and materials moving	5,555	5,140	410	6,290	5,525	765
Other	50	30	25	210	80	130
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	55	25	30	210	80	130
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 151	740,345	370,655	369,695	1,554,815	745,235	809,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 152	255,635	129,625	126,015	476,875	242,535	234,345
Education	31,215	7,405	23,805	48,015	10,310	37,710
13. Education	31,215	7,405	23,805	48,015	10,310	37,705
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	13,720	5,935	7,780	70,625	32,800	37,825
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	2,490	1,715	780	8,240	6,095	2,150
50. Visual and performing arts	11,225	4,225	7,000	62,385	26,710	35,680
Humanities	19,490	7,945	11,545	77,355	28,940	48,420
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	2,285	635	1,650	9,450	2,160	7,295
23. English language and literature/letters	4,170	1,285	2,880	24,570	7,840	16,725
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	6,250	2,295	3,955	18,345	6,365	11,985
30A Interdisciplinary humanitiesCensus data footnote 153	60	30	25	545	240	310
38. Philosophy and religious studies	1,390	825	565	6,215	3,600	2,610
39. Theology and religious vocations	2,610	1,520	1,085	3,875	2,360	1,515
54. History	2,315	1,270	1,045	11,710	5,965	5,745
55. French language and literature/letters	420	80	345	2,645	405	2,240
Social and behavioural sciences and law	45,735	14,800	30,935	176,260	64,440	111,820
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	770	175	600	3,110	680	2,430
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	4,640	1,895	2,740	23,490	9,350	14,145
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	7,785	640	7,145	20,460	2,080	18,380
22. Legal professions and studies	8,800	2,600	6,200	32,410	13,120	19,290
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciencesCensus data footnote 154	595	210	385	3,140	800	2,340
42. Psychology	8,495	2,340	6,160	23,050	5,665	17,385
45. Social sciences	14,650	6,940	7,715	70,600	32,750	37,855
Business, management and public administration	98,705	37,170	61,535	259,240	116,615	142,625
30.16 Accounting and computer science	175	45	130	525	205	325
44. Public administration and social service professions	5,830	1,140	4,690	18,355	4,125	14,235
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	92,705	35,995	56,710	240,360	112,295	128,070
Physical and life sciences and technologies	20,295	9,965	10,330	48,020	22,480	25,540
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	8,055	3,440	4,620	22,460	9,165	13,290
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	4,680	2,095	2,585	10,350	4,475	5,880
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciencesCensus data footnote 155	150	30	115	1,105	360	750
40. Physical sciences	5,870	3,755	2,110	12,635	7,955	4,680
41. Science technologies/technicians	1,550	650	895	1,470	525	945
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	18,875	11,630	7,240	66,520	43,640	22,875
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	15,340	10,225	5,115	51,575	35,780	15,795
25. Library science	1,420	205	1,220	2,500	490	2,005
27. Mathematics and statistics	2,000	1,140	865	11,420	6,635	4,785
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciencesCensus data footnote 156	110	65	40	1,020	730	285
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	127,195	114,335	12,850	154,975	127,820	27,160
04. Architecture and related services	3,270	2,040	1,230	14,855	8,915	5,935
14. Engineering	29,250	23,705	5,545	75,175	58,025	17,155
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	23,975	20,855	3,120	23,075	20,575	2,500
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	10	10	0	80	20	65
46. Construction trades	29,835	28,520	1,315	17,955	17,415	545
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	24,205	23,345	855	16,100	15,575	520
48. Precision production	16,645	15,860	785	7,735	7,295	445
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	8,400	4,745	3,655	11,710	5,590	6,120
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	5,045	2,675	2,370	6,175	3,075	3,095
03. Natural resources and conservation	3,350	2,070	1,280	5,545	2,515	3,025
Health and related fields	76,635	15,120	61,515	127,480	31,675	95,805
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	4,860	2,295	2,565	9,420	4,835	4,585
51. Health professions and related programs	69,550	11,635	57,915	112,435	24,050	88,390
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	2,225	1,195	1,035	5,620	2,790	2,825
Personal, protective and transportation services	24,405	11,940	12,465	37,550	18,325	19,230
12. Personal and culinary services	14,155	3,955	10,195	24,945	8,690	16,255
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	50	45	0	155	130	25
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	220	190	30	110	95	15
43. Security and protective services	5,415	3,475	1,935	7,280	4,910	2,370
49. Transportation and materials moving	4,570	4,270	300	5,055	4,495	560
Other	45	25	15	175	70	110
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	45	25	20	180	65	115
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	1,054,235	525,440	528,800	2,294,790	1,092,650	1,202,135
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	458,440	227,155	231,280	938,430	454,470	483,960
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	595,795	298,280	297,520	1,356,360	638,180	718,170
Location of study inside Canada	477,645	240,585	237,060	929,295	434,085	495,205
Same as province or territory of residence	380,785	191,290	189,495	844,385	392,995	451,390
Different than province or territory of residence	96,865	49,300	47,565	84,910	41,095	43,815
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	118,150	57,695	60,460	427,060	204,095	222,970
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	11,945	6,725	5,210	45,385	24,765	20,620
Philippines	25,450	9,875	15,575	58,780	19,975	38,805
India	18,415	9,370	9,050	42,320	22,130	20,190
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	8,035	4,605	3,430	28,745	15,210	13,530
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	6,160	2,845	3,315	35,470	16,700	18,775
France	635	385	245	4,875	2,630	2,245
Other	47,515	23,885	23,630	211,490	102,685	108,805
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 157	740,345	370,655	369,695	1,554,815	745,235	809,575
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	255,635	129,625	126,015	476,875	242,535	234,345
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degreeCensus data footnote 158	484,715	241,030	243,680	1,077,935	502,700	575,230
Location of study inside Canada	384,315	193,000	191,320	739,730	344,340	395,395
Same as province or territory of residence	305,860	153,300	152,560	671,335	310,865	360,475
Different than province or territory of residence	78,455	39,700	38,760	68,395	33,470	34,920
Location of study outside CanadaCensus data footnote 159	100,395	48,035	52,360	338,205	158,370	179,835
United StatesCensus data footnote 160	9,075	4,925	4,150	35,025	18,680	16,350
Philippines	23,490	9,030	14,460	50,685	17,040	33,645
India	16,315	8,155	8,155	36,085	18,480	17,605
United KingdomCensus data footnote 161	5,440	3,145	2,295	18,570	9,775	8,800
ChinaCensus data footnote 162	5,380	2,465	2,915	29,545	13,710	15,845
France	550	335	210	4,050	2,185	1,865
Other	40,155	19,985	20,170	164,240	78,505	85,735
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 163	1,054,235	525,435	528,800	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135
In the labour force	757,805	404,615	353,185	1,483,675	758,150	725,530
Employed	693,745	366,165	327,585	1,361,375	697,370	664,005
Unemployed	64,055	38,450	25,605	122,305	60,780	61,525
Not in the labour force	296,435	120,825	175,615	811,110	334,505	476,605
Participation rate	71.9	77.0	66.8	64.7	69.4	60.4
Employment rate	65.8	69.7	61.9	59.3	63.8	55.2
Unemployment rate	8.5	9.5	7.2	8.2	8.0	8.5
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 164	1,054,235	525,440	528,800	2,294,790	1,092,655	1,202,135
Did not workCensus data footnote 165	268,075	107,550	160,525	791,795	328,280	463,510
Worked	786,165	417,885	368,275	1,502,995	764,380	738,620
Worked full year, full timeCensus data footnote 166	393,005	227,025	165,980	750,555	409,195	341,360
Worked part year and/or part timeCensus data footnote 167	393,155	190,860	202,295	752,440	355,180	397,260
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.6	43.2	42.0	42.3	42.9	41.7
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 168	757,805	404,615	353,185	1,483,675	758,150	725,530
Class of worker - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,910	5,985	6,920	46,135	21,730	24,405
All classes of workersCensus data footnote 170	744,895	398,630	346,260	1,437,540	736,420	701,125
Employee	669,875	350,715	319,160	1,254,610	621,175	633,435
Self-employedCensus data footnote 171	75,015	47,910	27,110	182,935	115,245	67,690
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 172	757,800	404,620	353,190	1,483,675	758,150	725,530
Occupation - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,910	5,985	6,920	46,135	21,730	24,405
All occupationsCensus data footnote 170	744,895	398,630	346,265	1,437,545	736,420	701,125
0 Management occupations	79,210	49,560	29,650	163,965	95,500	68,465
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	118,920	32,780	86,145	258,870	98,770	160,105
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	54,855	42,945	11,910	117,635	88,840	28,795
3 Health occupations	54,305	10,660	43,645	84,360	22,005	62,360
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	81,080	28,610	52,475	186,800	60,360	126,435
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	17,255	7,055	10,200	80,195	40,685	39,510
6 Sales and service occupations	164,210	69,320	94,885	345,145	163,920	181,220
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	139,415	129,075	10,340	131,115	122,835	8,275
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	13,915	11,545	2,370	7,555	6,245	1,315
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	21,730	17,085	4,645	61,900	37,255	24,645
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 173	757,800	404,615	353,190	1,483,680	758,150	725,530
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicableCensus data footnote 169	12,910	5,985	6,920	46,135	21,730	24,405
All industry categoriesCensus data footnote 170	744,890	398,630	346,265	1,437,545	736,420	701,120
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	6,360	3,970	2,390	2,095	1,310	785
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	23,270	19,380	3,890	2,040	1,350	695
22 Utilities	7,645	5,400	2,245	5,915	3,855	2,060
23 Construction	87,605	74,225	13,380	76,475	68,335	8,145
31-33 Manufacturing	46,005	34,890	11,115	105,285	68,740	36,545
41 Wholesale trade	30,525	21,750	8,775	50,115	31,395	18,725
44-45 Retail trade	83,620	38,160	45,460	141,540	66,885	74,650
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	35,595	26,805	8,795	57,910	43,835	14,080
51 Information and cultural industries	10,995	6,225	4,770	61,350	35,260	26,090
52 Finance and insurance	24,525	8,680	15,850	120,005	60,085	59,920
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	14,415	8,020	6,395	39,935	22,060	17,880
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	51,860	29,330	22,530	175,685	98,535	77,150
55 Management of companies and enterprises	1,065	450	615	4,080	1,760	2,330
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	28,455	16,325	12,135	78,890	42,910	35,980
61 Educational services	51,905	17,090	34,815	110,280	38,130	72,150
62 Health care and social assistance	86,535	15,265	71,270	143,250	32,220	111,030
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	13,855	6,710	7,145	34,995	18,395	16,600
72 Accommodation and food services	51,635	21,460	30,180	106,905	51,155	55,755
81 Other services (except public administration)	35,560	16,900	18,660	67,390	25,510	41,880
91 Public administration	53,470	27,605	25,865	53,390	24,710	28,675
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 174	693,750	366,165	327,580	1,361,375	697,370	664,010
Worked at home	38,960	17,450	21,505	101,275	52,165	49,110
Worked outside Canada	1,690	1,180	510	9,045	5,800	3,245
No fixed workplace address	99,025	75,780	23,250	156,250	108,040	48,205
Worked at usual place	554,065	271,755	282,315	1,094,805	531,360	563,440
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	554,065	271,755	282,310	1,094,805	531,360	563,445
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	392,920	178,885	214,040	884,040	405,530	478,505
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	144,980	81,405	63,575	0	0	0
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	13,785	9,925	3,860	208,160	124,310	83,855
Commute to a different province or territory	2,380	1,540	840	2,605	1,520	1,080
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 175	653,090	347,530	305,560	1,251,055	639,400	611,655
Car, truck, van - as a driver	506,065	284,135	221,925	575,255	348,270	226,985
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	33,245	12,795	20,450	57,170	21,240	35,925
Public transit	73,585	29,960	43,625	463,000	192,300	270,705
Walked	24,140	10,380	13,755	107,665	49,540	58,125
Bicycle	6,425	4,165	2,265	34,355	21,245	13,110
Other method	9,630	6,090	3,540	13,610	6,805	6,805
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 176	653,090	347,530	305,560	1,251,055	639,405	611,655
Less than 15 minutes	137,450	60,925	76,525	152,750	74,720	78,035
15 to 29 minutes	257,780	137,715	120,065	354,565	183,060	171,510
30 to 44 minutes	163,820	93,060	70,765	359,230	189,620	169,615
45 to 59 minutes	54,335	30,805	23,525	181,675	90,685	90,990
60 minutes and over	39,705	25,030	14,680	202,830	101,320	101,510
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 177	653,090	347,530	305,565	1,251,055	639,400	611,655
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	49,715	37,220	12,495	56,235	38,495	17,745
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	132,655	83,440	49,220	162,440	96,815	65,625
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	195,615	99,920	95,695	305,355	146,795	158,560
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	111,230	48,160	63,070	335,840	156,755	179,085
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	64,745	26,910	37,835	200,780	97,300	103,480
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	99,125	51,875	47,245	190,410	103,240	87,170
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 178	808,705	428,070	380,640	1,559,535	792,295	767,245
Single responses	801,065	424,370	376,695	1,522,985	774,885	748,095
Official languages	794,780	421,180	373,595	1,476,170	749,750	726,420
English	792,255	420,330	371,925	1,469,915	747,820	722,085
French	2,520	855	1,670	6,255	1,925	4,335
Non-official languages	6,280	3,185	3,100	46,810	25,140	21,675
Aboriginal languages	15	10	10	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	15	10	0	0	0	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	10	10	10	10	0	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	15	10	10	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	10	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	10	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	6,265	3,170	3,095	46,805	25,130	21,675
Afro-Asiatic languages	510	305	200	1,025	625	405
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	60	25	35	90	45	50
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	10	0	0	15	10	10
Somali	55	25	30	75	30	40
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	445	275	165	930	580	350
Amharic	40	15	20	55	20	35
Arabic	325	225	100	565	380	180
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	85	75	15
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	10	10	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	25	0	15	160	65	100
Maltese	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tigrigna	15	0	10	45	25	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	50	25	25	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	425	190	230	1,055	460	595
Khmer (Cambodian)	10	0	0	40	25	10
Vietnamese	410	185	230	1,020	435	585
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	325	180	145	635	235	395
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	10	0	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	15	10	10	15	10	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	20	10	10
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	300	170	130	580	215	365
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	10
Creole languages	10	0	0	10	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	10	0	0	0	10	0
Dravidian languages	25	15	10	1,090	550	535
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	10	0	10	25	10	15
Tamil	15	10	10	1,060	540	520
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	2,140	1,135	1,010	13,005	7,330	5,675
Albanian	10	10	10	145	75	70
Armenian	0	0	0	115	55	60
Balto-Slavic languages	310	155	150	2,385	1,185	1,200
Baltic languages	0	0	0	25	0	25
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	20	0	20
Slavic languages	315	160	150	2,360	1,180	1,175
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	80	45	30
Croatian	0	0	0	45	25	15
Czech	0	0	0	10	0	0
Macedonian	0	10	0	30	20	10
Polish	120	65	60	500	270	230
Russian	80	30	45	1,110	520	590
Serbian	10	0	0	100	65	40
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Slovak	20	10	10	50	30	20
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	75	40	30	400	175	225
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	95	50	45	245	95	145
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	10	10	0	10
Dutch	20	10	10	35	30	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	65	45	25	150	45	110
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	10	0	10	10	0	10
Swedish	0	0	0	20	10	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	15	10	10
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	275	150	125
Indo-Iranian languages	1,270	710	560	2,775	1,645	1,130
Indo-Aryan languages	1,195	665	535	1,375	730	645
Bengali	15	0	10	255	125	130
Gujarati	65	10	50	185	55	125
Hindi	110	60	45	180	110	70
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	10	0	0	30	10	20
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	975	575	400	410	235	180
Sindhi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	0	10
Urdu	40	10	25	305	185	115
Iranian languages	65	50	25	1,400	915	490
Kurdish	15	10	10	55	55	0
Pashto	0	0	0	10	0	10
Persian (Farsi)	55	35	15	1,335	860	475
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	460	210	245	7,065	4,125	2,940
Catalan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italian	15	10	10	435	230	205
Portuguese	40	20	20	4,040	2,615	1,425
Romanian	0	0	0	90	40	50
Spanish	400	180	220	2,490	1,240	1,250
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	30	10	25	600	190	415
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Korean	260	120	140	2,700	1,390	1,310
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	10	0	0	60	35	25
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	25	15	10
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	10	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	125	65	60	170	80	90
American Sign Language	80	30	50	110	35	80
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	40	35	10	55	45	15
Sino-Tibetan languages	2,315	1,100	1,215	25,775	13,850	11,930
Chinese languages	2,300	1,090	1,215	25,730	13,825	11,910
Cantonese	1,480	725	745	11,875	6,245	5,630
Hakka	10	0	0	10	10	10
Mandarin	705	310	400	13,215	7,275	5,940
Min Dong	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	15	10	10	100	60	45
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	10	15	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	95	45	50	515	235	285
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	10	10	10	45	25	20
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	10
Karenic languages	10	10	10	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	25	10	15	65	30	35
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	30	10	15	55	30	25
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	50	20	25	350	230	115
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	15	10	0
Turkish	35	15	20	335	225	115
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	10	0
Uzbek	10	10	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	15	10	10	255	115	140
Estonian	0	0	0	40	15	30
Finnish	10	0	0	30	10	25
Hungarian	10	10	10	175	90	85
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	0	0	0
Multiple responses	7,640	3,700	3,945	36,555	17,405	19,145
English and French	1,865	890	975	8,125	3,340	4,785
English and non-official language	5,630	2,745	2,890	27,800	13,775	14,025
French and non-official language	20	10	15	35	10	25
English, French and non-official language	130	60	75	585	280	305
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 179	808,710	428,070	380,635	1,559,535	792,290	767,245
None	776,205	411,870	364,335	1,428,870	727,740	701,130
English	4,420	1,910	2,510	22,480	10,980	11,495
French	8,815	4,290	4,525	27,835	12,340	15,500
Non-official language	18,790	9,760	9,030	77,850	40,035	37,820
Aboriginal	370	140	230	105	25	80
Non-Aboriginal	18,420	9,620	8,800	77,740	40,010	37,730
English and French	0	0	0	55	35	20
English and non-official language	75	30	40	445	225	220
French and non-official language	410	210	195	1,975	925	1,055
English, French and non-official language	10	0	0	20	20	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 180	1,279,510	640,675	638,835	2,663,555	1,281,735	1,381,820
Non-movers	1,070,150	535,850	534,305	2,284,060	1,094,980	1,189,080
Movers	209,355	104,830	104,530	379,495	186,750	192,740
Non-migrants	138,845	70,100	68,740	253,780	124,200	129,575
Migrants	70,515	34,725	35,785	125,715	62,550	63,165
Internal migrants	53,785	26,870	26,915	65,770	32,410	33,360
Intraprovincial migrants	38,260	19,085	19,175	49,990	24,580	25,415
Interprovincial migrants	15,520	7,785	7,740	15,780	7,835	7,945
External migrants	16,730	7,855	8,875	59,945	30,140	29,805
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample dataCensus data footnote 181	1,211,875	605,960	605,915	2,556,120	1,226,450	1,329,670
Non-movers	652,385	324,895	327,490	1,516,110	718,940	797,170
Movers	559,490	281,065	278,425	1,040,015	507,515	532,500
Non-migrants	306,930	154,255	152,675	639,060	310,245	328,815
Migrants	252,565	126,810	125,750	400,950	197,265	203,685
Internal migrants	177,130	89,220	87,905	184,120	89,710	94,410
Intraprovincial migrants	103,790	51,185	52,600	141,135	68,970	72,160
Interprovincial migrants	73,340	38,030	35,305	42,985	20,740	22,250
External migrants	75,435	37,590	37,845	216,835	107,555	109,275