Census Profile, 2016 Census
Laurentides [Population centre], Quebec and Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Laurentides Quebec [Population centre]			Brandon, CY Manitoba [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Laurentides [Population centre], Quebec Map : Laurentides [Population centre], Quebec Change geography 1			Data quality : Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	12,710	...	...	48,859	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	9,834 ^r	...	...	46,061	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	29.2	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	5,056	...	...	21,485	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	4,874	...	...	20,270	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	1,070.3	...	...	631.2	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	11.88	...	...	77.41	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	12,715	6,455	6,260	48,860	23,530	25,330
0 to 14 years	3,000	1,590	1,415	9,270	4,740	4,535
0 to 4 years	1,230	675	555	3,245	1,685	1,560
5 to 9 years	1,040	535	510	3,125	1,580	1,545
10 to 14 years	725	380	345	2,900	1,465	1,435
15 to 64 years	8,360	4,210	4,150	32,055	15,680	16,370
15 to 19 years	635	305	335	2,920	1,450	1,470
20 to 24 years	880	440	445	3,665	1,750	1,910
25 to 29 years	1,240	600	640	3,845	1,865	1,980
30 to 34 years	1,040	515	525	3,765	1,885	1,875
35 to 39 years	970	485	480	3,535	1,755	1,785
40 to 44 years	735	405	330	3,235	1,620	1,615
45 to 49 years	700	360	345	2,705	1,355	1,350
50 to 54 years	855	455	395	2,995	1,415	1,585
55 to 59 years	725	365	365	2,875	1,375	1,500
60 to 64 years	570	285	290	2,515	1,220	1,295
65 years and over	1,355	655	700	7,535	3,110	4,425
65 to 69 years	495	250	245	2,240	995	1,240
70 to 74 years	350	180	165	1,565	685	885
75 to 79 years	220	105	110	1,300	555	740
80 to 84 years	170	75	100	1,035	425	610
85 years and over	120	40	75	1,395	445	950
85 to 89 years	85	30	55	800	285	515
90 to 94 years	25	10	15	415	115	305
95 to 99 years	10	0	10	160	45	115
100 years and over	0	0	0	20	5	20
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	23.6	24.6	22.6	19.0	20.1	17.9
15 to 64 years	65.7	65.2	66.3	65.6	66.6	64.6
65 years and over	10.7	10.1	11.2	15.4	13.2	17.5
85 years and over	0.9	0.6	1.2	2.9	1.9	3.8
Average age of the population	34.8	34.4	35.2	38.6	37.2	39.8
Median age of the population	33.0	32.9	33.0	36.3	35.2	37.4
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	4,875	...	...	20,270	...	...
Single-detached house	2,995	...	...	10,725	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	0	...	...	700	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,795	...	...	7,670	...	...
Semi-detached house	355	...	...	900	...	...
Row house	20	...	...	1,500	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	405	...	...	610	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	1,005	...	...	4,625	...	...
Other single-attached house	10	...	...	35	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	80	...	...	1,175	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	4,875	...	...	20,270	...	...
1 person	1,135	...	...	6,270	...	...
2 persons	1,600	...	...	6,975	...	...
3 persons	950	...	...	3,015	...	...
4 persons	770	...	...	2,545	...	...
5 or more persons	420	...	...	1,470	...	...
Number of persons in private households	12,540	...	...	47,560	...	...
Average household size	2.6	...	...	2.3	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	9,710	4,865	4,850	39,585	18,790	20,795
Married or living common law	5,870	2,935	2,935	22,100	11,090	11,010
Married	2,385	1,190	1,195	18,015	9,035	8,980
Living common law	3,480	1,745	1,740	4,085	2,055	2,030
Not married and not living common law	3,845	1,930	1,915	17,485	7,705	9,780
Never married	2,695	1,475	1,220	11,490	5,930	5,555
Separated	150	65	80	985	425	565
Divorced	540	245	295	2,470	900	1,580
Widowed	460	140	320	2,540	455	2,080
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	3,625	...	...	13,110	...	...
2 persons	1,650	...	...	6,785	...	...
3 persons	920	...	...	2,780	...	...
4 persons	730	...	...	2,455	...	...
5 or more persons	320	...	...	1,095	...	...
Average size of census families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	3,625	...	...	13,115	...	...
Total couple families	2,910	...	...	10,765	...	...
Married couples	1,170	...	...	8,720	...	...
Common-law couples	1,740	...	...	2,040	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	715	...	...	2,345	...	...
Female parent	515	...	...	1,915	...	...
Male parent	200	...	...	435	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	2,910	...	...	10,760	...	...
Couples without children	1,250	...	...	5,410	...	...
Couples with children	1,660	...	...	5,355	...	...
1 child	700	...	...	2,155	...	...
2 children	670	...	...	2,225	...	...
3 or more children	295	...	...	975	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	715	...	...	2,350	...	...
1 child	400	...	...	1,375	...	...
2 children	220	...	...	625	...	...
3 or more children	90	...	...	350	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,850	1,040	810	9,965	4,685	5,280
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	4,875	...	...	20,270	...	...
One-census-family households	3,490	...	...	12,525	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	1,195	...	...	5,210	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	2,300	...	...	7,310	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	70	...	...	295	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,320	...	...	7,455	...	...
One-person households	1,135	...	...	6,270	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	185	...	...	1,185	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	12,585	6,400	6,185	47,940	23,170	24,770
English only	20	5	10	44,235	21,465	22,770
French only	8,945	4,380	4,560	15	5	10
English and French	3,610	1,995	1,610	2,525	1,135	1,390
Neither English nor French	15	10	5	1,165	565	605
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	12,580	6,400	6,185	47,940	23,170	24,770
English	175	90	90	46,115	22,300	23,820
French	12,325	6,260	6,065	580	275	300
English and French	65	35	30	125	65	60
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	1,115	535	585
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	210	110	100	640	305	330
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.3	1.3	1.3
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	12,580	6,400	6,185	47,940	23,175	24,770
Single responses	12,460	6,330	6,130	47,250	22,830	24,425
Official languages	12,210	6,190	6,020	39,100	18,755	20,345
English	155	75	85	38,480	18,470	20,010
French	12,060	6,115	5,940	620	290	335
Non-official languages	250	145	105	8,145	4,075	4,080
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	235	90	145
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	175	65	110
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	85	30	60
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	30	10	20
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	5	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	35
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	85	30	55
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	75	30	50
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	5	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	5	5	5
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	5	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Dakota	0	0	0	50	20	30
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	245	145	105	7,910	3,980	3,935
Afro-Asiatic languages	35	25	10	400	225	175
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	30	20	15
Bilen	0	0	0	25	15	10
Oromo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	35	20	10	360	200	160
Amharic	0	0	0	225	120	105
Arabic	30	20	10	85	50	40
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	50	25	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Austro-Asiatic languages	15	10	10	50	20	30
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	5	5	50	20	30
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	375	180	195
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	30	15	15
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	5	5	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	5	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	5
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	310	150	160
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	5	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Creole languages	15	10	5	95	45	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	15	10	5	80	35	40
Creole languages, n.i.e.	5	0	0	15	10	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	70	40	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	45	25	20
Tamil	0	0	0	20	10	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	145	85	65	4,995	2,515	2,475
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	10	5	5	915	420	495
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	5	5	910	415	495
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Croatian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Czech	0	0	0	5	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	5	0	0	85	30	55
Russian	5	5	0	175	85	90
Serbian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	5	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	620	290	325
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	5	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	5	5	5	770	375	395
Afrikaans	0	0	0	95	50	45
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	80	35	40
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	5	565	275	285
Icelandic	0	0	0	5	0	5
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	10	0	5
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	30	15	5
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	1,025	570	455
Indo-Aryan languages	5	0	0	985	550	435
Bengali	0	0	0	20	15	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	585	325	260
Hindi	0	0	0	60	35	25
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	5
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	200	110	90
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	5
Urdu	0	0	0	105	50	50
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	15	20
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Pashto	0	0	0	10	10	5
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	125	70	50	2,250	1,135	1,115
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	35	30	10	40	20	20
Portuguese	10	5	10	25	15	15
Romanian	5	0	0	5	5	5
Spanish	70	40	30	2,175	1,095	1,075
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	155	75	80
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Niger-Congo languages	15	10	0	135	70	70
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	5	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	5	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	100	45	55
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	5	0	15	10	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	5	15	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	5	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	5	0	0	10	5	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	1,550	780	770
Chinese languages	5	5	0	1,545	775	770
Cantonese	0	0	0	345	170	170
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	0	1,130	570	560
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	55	25	30
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	5	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	15	5	15
Lao	5	0	0	5	5	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	5	5	10	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	5	5	5	0	5
Uyghur	0	0	0	5	0	5
Uzbek	0	0	0	5	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	5	5
Hungarian	0	0	0	20	10	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	5
Multiple responses	125	65	55	690	345	345
English and French	75	40	40	80	40	40
English and non-official language	10	5	5	545	265	280
French and non-official language	35	15	15	30	15	15
English, French and non-official language	10	10	0	35	20	15
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	12,585	6,395	6,185	47,940	23,170	24,770
Single responses	12,425	6,320	6,110	46,540	22,495	24,050
Official languages	12,335	6,265	6,070	41,170	19,750	21,420
English	130	65	65	41,010	19,675	21,335
French	12,205	6,200	6,005	155	75	80
Non-official languages	85	50	35	5,375	2,740	2,635
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	35	15	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	10	0	10
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	5	5	5
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dakota	0	0	0	10	5	5
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	85	50	35	5,340	2,725	2,620
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	5	290	150	140
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bilen	0	0	0	20	10	10
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	10	10	5	265	135	130
Amharic	0	0	0	165	85	75
Arabic	10	5	5	55	25	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	45	25	20
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	5	5	5	35	10	20
Khmer (Cambodian)	5	5	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	0	35	15	20
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	5	0	5	190	100	95
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	20	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	5	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	155	80	75
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Creole languages	0	0	0	80	35	50
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	65	30	40
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	5	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	25	20
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tamil	0	0	0	5	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	5
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	50	25	25	3,090	1,585	1,505
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	410	210	195
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Slavic languages	0	0	0	405	210	195
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	5	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	15	5	5
Russian	0	5	5	130	60	65
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	260	140	115
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	140	75	65
Afrikaans	0	0	0	55	25	30
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	5	0	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	80	45	40
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	10	5	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	765	415	350
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	750	410	340
Bengali	0	0	0	5	5	5
Gujarati	0	0	0	475	265	210
Hindi	0	0	0	35	25	15
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	140	75	65
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	80	40	40
Iranian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kurdish	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	5	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	45	30	20	1,770	880	895
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	15	5	5	5	5	0
Portuguese	5	0	0	5	0	5
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	30	20	10	1,760	875	890
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	120	55	65
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	5	5	5	60	25	30
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	5	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	5	0	5
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	15	15
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sino-Tibetan languages	5	5	5	1,390	715	680
Chinese languages	5	5	5	1,390	715	675
Cantonese	0	0	0	310	155	150
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	5	5	5	1,025	525	495
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	50	30	20
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	5	0	0	5	5	0
Lao	0	0	5	5	5	5
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	5	5	0	5	5	5
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	5	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	160	80	75	1,400	680	715
English and French	80	40	40	50	30	25
English and non-official language	0	0	0	1,295	625	670
French and non-official language	60	35	30	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	15	5	5	35	20	15
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	12,585	6,400	6,185	47,940	23,170	24,770
None	11,805	6,000	5,810	43,415	20,945	22,475
English	510	255	250	2,255	1,160	1,095
French	105	50	55	435	175	260
Non-official language	130	75	60	1,745	840	900
Aboriginal	0	0	0	210	80	130
Non-Aboriginal	125	70	60	1,535	765	770
English and French	10	5	5	20	10	15
English and non-official language	25	20	10	50	25	20
French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	9,550	4,795	4,755	38,305	18,305	20,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,180	4,640	4,545	36,965	17,650	19,315
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,259	38,441	26,386	36,701	43,730	30,853
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	9,185	4,645	4,545	36,970	17,655	19,320
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,021	33,455	24,634	32,166	37,564	27,613
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,950	4,185	3,760	34,250	16,700	17,550
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	28,348	36,149	21,120	34,126	41,825	26,946
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,410	3,540	3,875	27,540	11,775	15,765
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	7,710	5,828	9,405	4,111	1,526	5,293
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	7,070	3,805	3,270	29,100	14,690	14,415
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,692	36,875	22,557	34,924	41,765	28,494
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	9,595	4,865	4,725	38,305	18,305	20,000
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,215	4,690	4,525	36,910	17,635	19,270
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	35,758	41,963	29,328	45,006	53,462	37,267
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	9,225	4,690	4,535	36,930	17,645	19,285
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	30,585	34,915	26,109	36,598	42,298	31,382
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,990	4,190	3,800	34,190	16,725	17,455
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,902	40,277	24,767	43,017	52,076	34,338
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,395	3,565	3,830	27,455	11,780	15,675
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,020	7,869	10,092	6,946	6,105	7,578
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	7,085	3,810	3,275	29,100	14,700	14,400
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,767	40,314	26,144	42,558	50,926	34,015
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	9,590	4,865	4,730	38,310	18,305	20,000
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	3,185	1,760	1,420	14,120	7,990	6,130
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	39,506	46,925	32,775	49,296	54,486	42,935
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	43,112	49,913	34,677	58,033	64,911	49,059
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	79.2	85.8	69.6	88.4	92.4	83.3
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	71.8	78.0	63.0	74.8	79.4	68.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	20.8	14.3	30.4	11.6	7.6	16.7
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	9,550	4,790	4,755	38,305	18,305	20,000
Without total income	365	150	215	1,345	655	685
With total income	9,185	4,640	4,540	36,965	17,655	19,310
Percentage with total income	96.2	96.9	95.5	96.5	96.4	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,065	430	630	4,165	1,720	2,440
$10,000 to $19,999	1,600	575	1,025	5,575	1,985	3,590
$20,000 to $29,999	1,570	655	920	5,365	1,975	3,385
$30,000 to $39,999	1,595	775	820	5,185	2,250	2,930
$40,000 to $49,999	1,170	655	515	4,835	2,345	2,490
$50,000 to $59,999	850	535	315	3,310	1,885	1,425
$60,000 to $69,999	535	385	150	2,340	1,425	915
$70,000 to $79,999	370	285	85	1,800	1,125	675
$80,000 to $89,999	190	140	50	1,410	825	585
$90,000 to $99,999	95	80	20	860	550	315
$100,000 and over	135	125	15	2,130	1,570	560
$100,000 to $149,999	105	100	10	1,510	1,100	410
$150,000 and over	30	25	5	615	475	150
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	9,545	4,795	4,755	38,305	18,310	20,000
Without after-tax income	365	155	210	1,335	650	685
With after-tax income	9,190	4,645	4,545	36,975	17,655	19,315
Percentage with after-tax income	96.3	96.9	95.6	96.5	96.4	96.6
Under $10,000 (including loss)	1,085	435	650	4,335	1,750	2,585
$10,000 to $19,999	1,700	630	1,070	6,070	2,200	3,870
$20,000 to $29,999	2,025	900	1,120	6,635	2,545	4,080
$30,000 to $39,999	1,860	980	880	6,675	3,080	3,595
$40,000 to $49,999	1,280	795	485	4,890	2,720	2,165
$50,000 to $59,999	705	495	210	3,135	1,930	1,205
$60,000 to $69,999	325	230	100	2,225	1,325	900
$70,000 to $79,999	115	100	15	1,200	745	460
$80,000 and over	95	90	15	1,810	1,350	460
$80,000 to $89,999	45	40	10	655	475	185
$90,000 to $99,999	15	15	0	380	290	85
$100,000 and over	35	30	5	780	590	190
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	9,550	4,795	4,755	38,305	18,310	20,000
Without employment income	2,475	995	1,485	9,205	3,620	5,585
With employment income	7,075	3,805	3,270	29,100	14,685	14,415
Percentage with employment income	74.1	79.4	68.8	76.0	80.2	72.1
Under $5,000 (including loss)	735	325	410	3,130	1,355	1,775
$5,000 to $9,999	530	200	330	2,185	845	1,345
$10,000 to $19,999	1,175	445	730	3,765	1,500	2,260
$20,000 to $29,999	1,130	525	610	3,615	1,500	2,120
$30,000 to $39,999	1,090	570	520	3,950	1,830	2,120
$40,000 to $49,999	825	500	325	3,425	1,780	1,640
$50,000 to $59,999	585	425	160	2,295	1,375	925
$60,000 to $69,999	380	295	80	1,770	1,150	620
$70,000 to $79,999	305	250	55	1,460	925	535
$80,000 and over	315	265	55	3,510	2,440	1,080
$80,000 to $89,999	135	105	35	1,175	695	475
$90,000 to $99,999	80	70	10	705	465	245
$100,000 and over	95	90	10	1,635	1,275	355
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	4,875	...	...	20,270	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,632	...	...	65,960	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	54,137	...	...	57,008	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,135	...	...	6,270	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	30,864	...	...	36,370	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	28,015	...	...	31,736	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	3,740	...	...	14,005	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	72,253	...	...	84,599	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,949	...	...	72,229	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	4,880	...	...	20,270	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	67,545	...	...	81,960	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	57,838	...	...	66,681	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,125	...	...	6,255	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,133	...	...	42,726	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	31,336	...	...	35,508	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	3,750	...	...	14,015	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	76,678	...	...	99,469	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	65,797	...	...	80,594	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	4,875	...	...	20,270	...	...
Under $5,000	45	...	...	245	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	315	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	545	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	205	...	...	755	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	245	...	...	930	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	185	...	...	850	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	240	...	...	900	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	250	...	...	1,000	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	235	...	...	965	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	265	...	...	965	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	505	...	...	1,630	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	470	...	...	1,615	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	430	...	...	1,410	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	385	...	...	1,345	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	345	...	...	1,185	...	...
$100,000 and over	905	...	...	5,610	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	525	...	...	2,130	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	230	...	...	1,390	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	115	...	...	1,335	...	...
$200,000 and over	30	...	...	750	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,875	...	...	20,270	...	...
Under $5,000	50	...	...	255	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	325	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	120	...	...	565	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	215	...	...	815	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	260	...	...	1,090	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	240	...	...	1,015	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	300	...	...	1,185	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	275	...	...	1,195	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	310	...	...	1,160	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	355	...	...	1,080	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	600	...	...	2,050	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	570	...	...	1,845	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	480	...	...	1,650	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	375	...	...	1,325	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	250	...	...	1,100	...	...
$100,000 and over	425	...	...	3,625	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	305	...	...	1,815	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	75	...	...	955	...	...
$150,000 and over	40	...	...	855	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	3,605	...	...	13,145	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	71,668	...	...	84,386	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	62,592	...	...	71,858	...	...
Average family size of economic families	3.0	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	1,150	...	...	5,130	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	64,691	...	...	82,231	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	56,176	...	...	69,423	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	1,670	...	...	5,370	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	87,774	...	...	104,862	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	75,867	...	...	88,294	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.9	...	...	3.9	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	685	...	...	2,220	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,120	...	...	44,864	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,016	...	...	41,715	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.7	...	...	2.8	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	3,625	...	...	13,195	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	76,329	...	...	99,244	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	65,395	...	...	80,175	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	1,115	...	...	5,140	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,579	...	...	101,175	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	59,670	...	...	79,042	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	1,715	...	...	5,395	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	91,978	...	...	117,478	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	78,309	...	...	95,474	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	710	...	...	2,205	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	46,375	...	...	54,063	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	42,274	...	...	47,753	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,575	915	665	8,840	4,155	4,685
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	27,744	32,363	23,147	33,384	36,634	30,704
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	25,600	28,496	22,000	29,528	31,774	27,528
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,575	960	615	8,735	4,060	4,675
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	33,423	36,453	28,708	40,231	44,009	36,949
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	28,536	30,561	25,386	33,591	35,870	31,611
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	12,540	6,375	6,170	47,560	23,035	24,525
In the bottom half of the distribution	8,700	4,350	4,345	26,625	12,380	14,240
In the bottom decile	1,145	545	605	5,340	2,410	2,925
In the second decile	1,610	765	850	5,070	2,115	2,955
In the third decile	2,050	1,035	1,020	5,330	2,540	2,785
In the fourth decile	2,010	1,045	970	5,385	2,590	2,795
In the fifth decile	1,870	970	900	5,495	2,725	2,775
In the top half of the distribution	3,845	2,020	1,825	20,935	10,655	10,285
In the sixth decile	1,575	825	755	5,090	2,585	2,505
In the seventh decile	1,120	580	540	4,860	2,510	2,350
In the eighth decile	690	365	325	4,400	2,200	2,200
In the ninth decile	375	205	170	3,890	1,985	1,905
In the top decile	90	50	35	2,700	1,380	1,320
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	12,545	6,375	6,165	47,565	23,040	24,525
0 to 17 years	3,390	1,770	1,620	10,930	5,545	5,380
0 to 5 years	1,435	775	660	3,855	2,005	1,850
18 to 64 years	7,925	3,995	3,925	30,045	14,670	15,375
65 years and over	1,225	605	620	6,590	2,820	3,770
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,840	845	995	7,500	3,290	4,205
0 to 17 years	605	310	300	2,560	1,265	1,295
0 to 5 years	205	100	105	1,010	500	510
18 to 64 years	960	425	540	4,155	1,805	2,350
65 years and over	275	120	155	785	220	565
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	14.7	13.3	16.1	15.8	14.3	17.1
0 to 17 years (%)	17.8	17.5	18.5	23.4	22.8	24.1
0 to 5 years (%)	14.3	12.9	15.9	26.2	24.9	27.6
18 to 64 years (%)	12.1	10.6	13.8	13.8	12.3	15.3
65 years and over (%)	22.4	19.8	25.0	11.9	7.8	15.0
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	735	375	360	4,340	1,990	2,350
0 to 17 years	195	100	100	1,330	670	660
0 to 5 years	60	30	25	550	270	280
18 to 64 years	510	260	250	2,875	1,270	1,610
65 years and over	30	15	15	130	50	75
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	5.9	5.9	5.8	9.1	8.6	9.6
0 to 17 years (%)	5.8	5.6	6.2	12.2	12.1	12.3
0 to 5 years (%)	4.2	3.9	3.8	14.3	13.5	15.1
18 to 64 years (%)	6.4	6.5	6.4	9.6	8.7	10.5
65 years and over (%)	2.4	2.5	2.4	2.0	1.8	2.0
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	12,600	6,445	6,155	47,560	23,035	24,525
Official languages	12,595	6,440	6,155	46,405	22,465	23,935
English	3,620	2,045	1,575	46,395	22,470	23,925
French	12,585	6,435	6,155	2,515	1,115	1,405
Non-official languages	580	310	270	9,850	4,845	5,005
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	450	180	270
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	320	120	200
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	10	175	60	115
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	10	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	15	0	15
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	55	25	30
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	100	35	70
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	155	65	90
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	145	65	80
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	10	0	15
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	25	25	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	90	30	60
Dakota	0	0	0	90	35	60
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	580	310	265	9,405	4,665	4,745
Afro-Asiatic languages	60	40	15	485	285	205
Berber languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	50	30	20
Bilen	0	0	0	45	25	20
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	65	45	20	440	260	180
Amharic	0	0	0	270	170	105
Arabic	60	45	15	160	85	80
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	10	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	60	40	25
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	15	10	10
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	60	25	35
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	55	25	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	495	235	265
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	35	10	20
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	35	15	20
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	465	215	250
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	10	15
Creole languages	70	35	40	185	90	100
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	60	30	30	140	65	75
Creole languages, n.i.e.	15	0	10	45	20	25
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	115	85	35
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	60	40	20
Tamil	0	0	0	40	30	10
Telugu	0	0	0	15	15	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	410	220	195	6,040	2,970	3,070
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	0	1,030	450	585
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Latvian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	10	10	0	1,030	445	580
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	10	10	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	10	10	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Polish	10	0	0	120	50	70
Russian	0	0	0	340	150	190
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	10	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	740	325	410
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	10	0	10	10	0	0
Germanic languages	20	20	0	995	475	520
Afrikaans	0	0	0	170	65	100
Danish	0	0	0	10	10	10
Dutch	0	0	0	145	60	85
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	20	15	0	675	345	330
Icelandic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Swedish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	10	0	10	0
Greek	0	10	0	40	20	20
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	0	1,255	690	565
Indo-Aryan languages	10	0	0	1,230	675	555
Bengali	0	0	0	35	30	10
Gujarati	0	0	0	655	355	300
Hindi	10	10	0	635	345	285
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	25	20	10
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	235	125	105
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Urdu	0	0	0	160	65	90
Iranian languages	0	0	0	35	20	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	25	15	10
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	375	195	175	2,785	1,375	1,415
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	55	40	10	75	35	45
Portuguese	15	10	10	50	25	25
Romanian	0	0	0	20	10	15
Spanish	305	155	155	2,665	1,320	1,345
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	20
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	110	55	55
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	255	150	100
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	40	25	10
Igbo	0	0	0	20	15	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	10
Swahili	0	0	0	40	20	15
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	140	75	60
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	55	35	20
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	20	10	15	95	25	70
American Sign Language	0	0	0	50	10	45
Quebec Sign Language	10	0	10	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	45	15	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	1,710	845	860
Chinese languages	0	0	0	1,710	845	860
Cantonese	0	0	0	350	170	175
Hakka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	1,340	665	670
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	35	20	15
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	20	0	15
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	105	55	50
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	10	10
Thai	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	20	10	0	15	10	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	20	10	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	10	10	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	10	0	10
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	10
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	12,605	6,450	6,155	47,560	23,035	24,520
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	12,545	6,420	6,125	42,210	20,375	21,835
Canadian citizens aged under 18	3,395	1,770	1,625	9,870	5,030	4,845
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	9,150	4,650	4,500	32,335	15,345	16,990
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	60	30	30	5,350	2,665	2,685
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	12,600	6,450	6,155	47,560	23,040	24,525
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	12,305	6,280	6,020	39,475	18,945	20,525
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	290	155	135	7,570	3,825	3,740
Before 1981	80	55	30	845	405	445
1981 to 1990	30	0	25	220	125	95
1991 to 2000	50	25	25	350	170	180
2001 to 2010	100	55	40	3,560	1,870	1,685
2001 to 2005	65	35	25	515	295	220
2006 to 2010	40	20	15	3,040	1,575	1,465
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	30	15	15	2,595	1,260	1,340
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	10	10	0	520	260	260
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	295	155	135	7,565	3,825	3,740
Under 5 years	60	30	35	665	345	320
5 to 14 years	70	40	30	1,450	730	715
15 to 24 years	60	45	15	1,290	635	655
25 to 44 years	100	40	55	3,775	1,905	1,870
45 years and over	0	0	0	385	205	180
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	295	155	140	7,570	3,825	3,740
Americas	120	45	80	2,305	1,130	1,180
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	405	230	180
El Salvador	10	0	0	910	485	425
Guyana	0	0	0	15	10	0
Haiti	40	15	25	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mexico	20	10	20	85	35	50
Peru	0	0	0	10	0	10
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	25	10	20
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	215	90	125
Other places of birth in Americas	35	15	20	615	270	350
Europe	95	65	30	1,360	670	690
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	20	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	45	30	15	20	0	15
Germany	0	0	0	190	120	70
Greece	0	0	0	15	10	10
Hungary	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	35	15	20
Italy	20	15	10	30	0	25
Netherlands	0	0	0	115	55	65
Poland	10	10	0	65	25	40
Portugal	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	10	0	10
Russian Federation	0	0	0	35	20	20
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	350	170	180
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	385	200	190
Other places of birth in Europe	20	15	10	75	35	40
Africa	50	30	20	875	490	385
Algeria	0	0	0	0	10	0
Egypt	10	10	0	25	10	10
Ethiopia	0	0	0	180	110	70
Kenya	0	0	0	20	15	0
Morocco	20	15	10	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	145	75	65
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	125	50	75
Other places of birth in Africa	15	0	0	375	210	165
Asia	20	10	10	3,010	1,535	1,470
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	15	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	10	1,300	650	650
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	870	485	390
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	85	45	40
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	95	45	50
Philippines	0	0	0	460	215	245
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	20	10	10
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Viet Nam	0	0	0	25	15	15
Other places of birth in Asia	10	0	10	120	55	65
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	10	0	15	0	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	30	10	20	2,595	1,260	1,340
Americas	15	10	0	705	300	405
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	70	35	35
Cuba	10	0	10	10	0	10
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	15	10	0
Mexico	0	0	0	15	0	10
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	0	0	0	20	0	15
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	10	10	0	575	240	330
Europe	0	0	0	195	80	115
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	25	15	15
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	100	50	45
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	30	0	20
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	20	10	15
Africa	15	10	10	390	220	170
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	35	15	15
Ethiopia	0	0	0	65	35	25
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	115	65	45
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	65	35	30
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	10	10	10	110	60	50
Asia	10	0	0	1,300	660	640
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	15	10	10
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	365	190	170
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	0
India	0	0	0	570	320	255
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	30	10	25
Lebanon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Philippines	0	0	0	250	100	145
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	35	15	20
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	12,605	6,445	6,155	47,560	23,035	24,525
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	305	165	145	8,345	4,230	4,120
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	500	310	190	5,605	2,650	2,960
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	11,795	5,975	5,825	33,610	16,160	17,450
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	220	105	115	6,760	3,440	3,320
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	110	55	55	5,545	2,850	2,690
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	30	15	10	2,055	1,505	550
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	85	40	40	3,480	1,345	2,135
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	75	30	45	870	380	485
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	35	20	10	335	210	125
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	15	0	15
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	12,600	6,445	6,155	47,560	23,040	24,525
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	155	50	100	6,500	2,985	3,510
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	140	50	90	6,395	2,940	3,455
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	60	20	45	3,675	1,605	2,070
Métis	75	35	45	2,695	1,315	1,375
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	10	20	15	10
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	0	0	0	75	40	40
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	0	10	25	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	12,450	6,395	6,055	41,065	20,050	21,015
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	12,600	6,445	6,155	47,565	23,035	24,525
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	25	10	20	3,610	1,610	2,000
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	12,575	6,435	6,140	43,955	21,430	22,525
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	12,600	6,445	6,155	47,560	23,040	24,525
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	165	75	90	2,615	1,195	1,420
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	170	75	95	2,495	1,155	1,345
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	165	75	90	2,010	915	1,095
Métis single ancestry	0	0	0	475	235	235
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	10	10	10
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	120	45	75
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	120	45	75
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	515	225	290	3,835	1,795	2,035
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	515	225	290	3,550	1,695	1,860
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	460	205	255	1,615	730	885
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	45	20	30	1,915	945	975
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	10	0	10	20	25	0
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	285	105	180
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	285	105	180
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	11,920	6,150	5,770	41,110	20,040	21,070
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	12,600	6,445	6,155	47,560	23,035	24,525
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	375	200	175	7,765	4,000	3,775
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	0	1,430	785	645
Chinese	15	0	10	1,785	875	910
Black	170	80	85	1,000	555	445
Filipino	0	0	0	520	235	285
Latin American	125	55	70	2,370	1,180	1,190
Arab	55	45	10	125	65	55
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	0	0	0	100	50	50
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	25	20	10
Korean	0	0	0	135	75	60
Japanese	0	0	0	45	25	20
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	70	30	40
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	175	110	65
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	12,225	6,250	5,980	39,795	19,040	20,750
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	12,600	6,450	6,155	47,560	23,035	24,520
North American Aboriginal origins	680	295	380	6,450	2,995	3,455
First Nations (North American Indian)	625	280	345	4,025	1,790	2,235
Inuit	0	0	10	30	20	10
Métis	50	15	35	2,795	1,325	1,470
Other North American origins	10,055	5,170	4,885	10,845	5,155	5,690
Acadian	55	35	15	10	0	0
American	35	25	10	290	135	155
Canadian	9,510	4,870	4,635	10,650	5,050	5,595
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	0	0	10	10	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ontarian	10	0	10	0	0	0
Québécois	595	310	280	0	0	0
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	3,980	2,000	1,970	32,480	15,545	16,935
British Isles origins	1,040	500	535	22,210	10,570	11,640
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	10	0	0
English	155	75	80	13,585	6,510	7,075
Irish	765	355	405	8,210	3,710	4,505
Manx	0	0	0	25	10	15
Scottish	220	120	105	11,720	5,540	6,180
Welsh	0	0	0	855	465	395
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	40	25	20	745	385	360
French origins	2,570	1,280	1,290	4,665	2,050	2,615
Alsatian	10	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	10	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	2,565	1,275	1,290	4,670	2,055	2,610
Western European origins (except French origins)	280	155	125	9,015	4,345	4,670
Austrian	0	0	0	515	280	230
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	85	50	35	1,055	500	560
Dutch	15	10	10	1,755	800	950
Flemish	0	0	0	70	35	35
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	10
German	170	90	75	6,360	3,050	3,315
Luxembourger	0	0	0	20	10	10
Swiss	10	0	0	150	50	100
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	20	10	10	3,010	1,385	1,625
Danish	0	0	0	380	200	180
Finnish	0	0	0	140	80	65
Icelandic	0	0	0	720	300	420
Norwegian	15	10	10	1,030	435	600
Swedish	10	0	0	975	470	510
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	0	10	0	85	45	40
Eastern European origins	115	50	70	9,755	4,695	5,060
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Byelorussian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Czech	0	0	10	135	85	50
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	75	35	45
Estonian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hungarian	10	0	10	365	140	220
Latvian	0	0	0	50	30	25
Lithuanian	0	0	0	85	40	45
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Polish	55	25	30	3,110	1,510	1,600
Romanian	0	10	0	220	115	115
Russian	0	0	0	1,065	450	620
Slovak	0	0	10	40	20	20
Ukrainian	20	15	10	6,755	3,330	3,420
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	10	0	10	20	10	10
Southern European origins	765	415	345	1,425	740	685
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	35	20	20
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	45	30	10
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	50	30	20	105	55	55
Italian	585	320	265	505	270	235
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	10	10	10
Maltese	0	0	0	25	15	10
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	110	60	55	200	105	95
Serbian	0	0	0	15	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	20	15	0
Slovenian	0	10	0	15	10	15
Spanish	70	35	35	510	255	255
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	10	0	0	45	20	30
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	20	15	15	205	85	115
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	10	10	0	55	30	25
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	10	0	15
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	15	15	0
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	15	10	10	125	40	85
Caribbean origins	235	105	130	190	80	105
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	20	10	15	45	15	35
Dominican	30	20	10	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	155	75	80	0	0	0
Jamaican	15	0	15	80	30	50
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	10	10	10	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Latin, Central and South American origins	170	80	85	2,290	1,130	1,160
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	0	0	0	90	35	50
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	20	15	10	0	0	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	20	10	0
Brazilian	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chilean	20	10	10	0	0	0
Colombian	10	10	0	445	220	225
Costa Rican	10	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	20	0	15
Guatemalan	25	15	15	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	85	50	35
Honduran	10	0	0	420	190	220
Maya	0	0	0	60	30	25
Mexican	75	30	40	145	55	90
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Peruvian	10	10	10	0	0	10
Salvadorean	25	20	10	930	475	450
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	125	80	45
African origins	115	65	45	1,210	645	570
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	210	120	95
Akan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guinean	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	155	80	75
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	30	20	10
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	15	10	0
North African origins	60	50	10	85	50	40
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	10	10	0
Coptic	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	25	20	0	20	0	15
Libyan	0	0	0	40	25	15
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	35	25	10	0	0	0
Sudanese	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	10	0	10
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	10	0	10	625	340	285
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	75	35	35
Ethiopian	0	0	0	270	175	100
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	25	15	10
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	15	10	10	100	55	50
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	10	0	10
South African	0	0	0	90	35	55
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	45	30	20
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	35	10	25	290	145	150
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	15	10	10	20	10	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	20	0	15	275	135	140
Asian origins	80	45	35	4,480	2,340	2,140
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	35	20	20	290	170	115
Afghan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	55	30	20
Armenian	0	0	0	50	35	15
Assyrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	15	15	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	15	10	10	30	10	20
Palestinian	0	0	0	25	25	10
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Syrian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	0	0	0	0	10
Turk	15	10	10	25	15	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	15	10	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10	10	0	1,450	795	655
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	10	0	1,250	690	560
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	25	15	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	115	50	65
Punjabi	0	0	0	50	25	25
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	25	20	15
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	0	0	0
East and Southeast Asian origins	40	20	20	2,760	1,380	1,385
Burmese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chinese	15	10	10	1,980	980	1,005
Filipino	0	0	0	560	265	290
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	25	15	15
Japanese	0	0	0	65	40	30
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	15	0	15	140	80	65
Laotian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Malaysian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	75	40	35
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	10	75	50	30
Australian	10	0	0	55	35	20
New Zealander	0	0	0	20	15	10
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	4,880	...	...	20,270	...	...
Owner	3,185	...	...	12,550	...	...
Renter	1,695	...	...	7,720	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	4,875	...	...	20,270	...	...
Condominium	215	...	...	2,225	...	...
Not condominium	4,660	...	...	18,050	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	4,880	...	...	20,270	...	...
No bedrooms	10	...	...	180	...	...
1 bedroom	460	...	...	2,105	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,925	...	...	6,365	...	...
3 bedrooms	1,575	...	...	6,345	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	905	...	...	5,275	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	4,880	...	...	20,270	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	1,635	...	...	5,900	...	...
5 rooms	850	...	...	3,370	...	...
6 rooms	680	...	...	2,895	...	...
7 rooms	625	...	...	2,690	...	...
8 or more rooms	1,085	...	...	5,420	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.9	...	...	6.1	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	4,880	...	...	20,270	...	...
One person or fewer per room	4,845	...	...	19,835	...	...
More than 1 person per room	35	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	4,880	...	...	20,270	...	...
Suitable	4,675	...	...	19,275	...	...
Not suitable	200	...	...	995	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	4,880	...	...	20,270	...	...
1960 or before	285	...	...	5,450	...	...
1961 to 1980	595	...	...	6,560	...	...
1981 to 1990	360	...	...	2,300	...	...
1991 to 2000	835	...	...	1,785	...	...
2001 to 2005	520	...	...	1,075	...	...
2006 to 2010	1,000	...	...	1,520	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	1,285	...	...	1,585	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	4,880	...	...	20,270	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	4,685	...	...	19,095	...	...
Major repairs needed	195	...	...	1,170	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	4,875	...	...	20,270	...	...
1 household maintainer	2,780	...	...	12,360	...	...
2 household maintainers	2,040	...	...	7,400	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	55	...	...	500	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	4,880	...	...	20,270	...	...
15 to 24 years	310	...	...	1,415	...	...
25 to 34 years	1,215	...	...	3,770	...	...
35 to 44 years	965	...	...	3,930	...	...
45 to 54 years	900	...	...	3,275	...	...
55 to 64 years	730	...	...	3,360	...	...
65 to 74 years	470	...	...	2,345	...	...
75 to 84 years	250	...	...	1,555	...	...
85 years and over	35	...	...	630	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	4,880	...	...	20,245	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	3,735	...	...	16,220	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	1,145	...	...	4,025	...	...
30% to less than 100%	1,025	...	...	3,585	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	3,190	...	...	12,540	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	85.4	...	...	64.2	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	16.2	...	...	10.2	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,167	...	...	1,054	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,145	...	...	1,114	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	200,594	...	...	264,781	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	215,262	...	...	281,173	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,695	...	...	7,720	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	5.0	...	...	20.0	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	37.0	...	...	35.6	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	830	...	...	808	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	843	...	...	854	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	9,595	4,865	4,730	38,305	18,310	20,000
No certificate, diploma or degree	3,080	1,600	1,480	7,535	3,925	3,615
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,925	945	985	12,040	5,985	6,055
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	4,590	2,320	2,270	18,730	8,395	10,330
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,925	1,780	1,145	3,320	2,245	1,075
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	2,000	995	1,005	1,515	835	685
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	925	780	140	1,800	1,410	385
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,140	375	760	7,560	2,855	4,705
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	185	70	110	845	345	505
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	345	90	255	7,005	2,955	4,050
Bachelor's degree	305	75	230	4,985	1,955	3,025
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	20	10	10	525	175	350
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	0	0	265	185	80
Master's degree	25	10	15	925	440	490
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	300	205	100
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	6,930	3,530	3,400	25,270	12,300	12,970
No certificate, diploma or degree	1,725	935	790	3,330	1,900	1,435
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,340	650	690	7,525	3,910	3,615
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,855	1,940	1,920	14,415	6,495	7,920
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	2,500	1,505	995	2,260	1,565	705
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	1,705	835	870	980	530	450
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	795	675	120	1,285	1,035	255
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	920	305	615	5,810	2,295	3,515
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	120	50	75	610	275	340
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	320	75	240	5,725	2,355	3,370
Bachelor's degree	280	60	215	4,120	1,625	2,490
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	0	10	390	125	265
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	0	0	0	205	120	80
Master's degree	20	10	15	780	335	445
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	230	145	85
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	9,595	4,860	4,730	38,310	18,310	20,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	5,000	2,545	2,460	19,580	9,910	9,665
Education	175	35	140	1,975	550	1,430
13. Education	175	35	140	1,980	550	1,430
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	120	35	85	420	225	200
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	15	10	10	105	90	15
50. Visual and performing arts	105	25	75	315	130	180
Humanities	110	40	75	795	315	480
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	15	40	15	30
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	0	105	30	75
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	65	25	45	245	60	185
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	10	0	70	35	40
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	0	0	145	95	50
54. History	0	0	0	160	85	75
55. French language and literature/letters	10	0	0	25	0	25
Social and behavioural sciences and law	285	20	265	1,455	455	1,005
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	55	0	45
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	25	0	25	70	40	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	155	0	155	335	20	320
22. Legal professions and studies	40	0	40	205	75	130
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	10	10	0	25	10	20
42. Psychology	35	10	20	325	60	260
45. Social sciences	25	10	20	445	245	195
Business, management and public administration	850	155	690	3,460	1,095	2,370
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	40	0	40	260	65	190
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	810	160	650	3,205	1,025	2,180
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	15	15	600	325	270
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	10	0	10	250	115	135
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	100	50	45
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	10	0	10
40. Physical sciences	10	10	0	205	145	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	40	10	30
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	95	55	40	415	260	145
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	90	50	30	290	225	65
25. Library science	0	0	0	40	10	35
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	75	30	45
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,615	1,535	85	3,605	3,360	245
04. Architecture and related services	25	15	10	80	35	45
14. Engineering	15	20	0	385	325	60
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	215	195	20	600	525	75
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	595	575	20	975	965	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	460	450	15	1,260	1,230	30
48. Precision production	300	280	20	295	280	20
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	50	45	0	525	360	160
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	40	35	10	420	315	100
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	15	0	105	45	60
Health and related fields	635	70	565	4,040	810	3,225
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	155	80	75
51. Health professions and related programs	625	70	555	3,810	675	3,140
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	75	55	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	630	320	310	1,435	645	790
12. Personal and culinary services	320	55	265	950	220	725
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	10	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	10	0	10	0	0
43. Security and protective services	85	55	30	290	245	50
49. Transportation and materials moving	220	210	10	180	165	10
Other	0	0	0	0	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	10
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	6,930	3,530	3,405	25,270	12,295	12,970
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	3,075	1,595	1,480	10,855	5,810	5,045
Education	140	15	120	1,370	395	975
13. Education	140	15	120	1,370	395	975
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	100	35	65	315	170	145
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	10	0	75	65	10
50. Visual and performing arts	90	25	60	240	105	130
Humanities	85	30	60	590	240	345
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	15	10	15	35	10	25
23. English language and literature/letters	0	0	10	80	25	55
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	50	20	35	190	45	140
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	50	30	20
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	95	55	35
54. History	0	0	0	120	75	50
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	10	10	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	270	20	250	1,220	390	830
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	45	10	40
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	20	0	20	65	35	30
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	145	0	140	315	15	295
22. Legal professions and studies	35	0	40	170	75	100
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	10	0	25	10	15
42. Psychology	35	10	25	240	45	200
45. Social sciences	25	10	20	355	210	145
Business, management and public administration	725	135	590	2,775	920	1,855
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	0	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	25	0	25	195	40	160
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	700	135	565	2,580	880	1,695
Physical and life sciences and technologies	15	10	15	485	255	220
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	0	0	10	205	95	110
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	0	0	0	75	45	35
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	10
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	165	110	60
41. Science technologies/technicians	15	10	10	25	10	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	90	50	35	370	250	120
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	80	50	35	260	205	50
25. Library science	0	0	0	30	10	25
27. Mathematics and statistics	0	0	0	65	30	40
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	1,355	1,285	70	2,670	2,460	210
04. Architecture and related services	15	10	0	75	40	35
14. Engineering	15	15	0	315	260	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	175	160	15	425	360	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	510	490	15	700	685	15
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	390	380	10	945	915	25
48. Precision production	250	230	15	215	205	15
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	55	45	10	430	280	150
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	35	10	335	235	95
03. Natural resources and conservation	10	10	0	100	45	55
Health and related fields	510	60	450	3,110	605	2,505
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	10	0	10	125	65	60
51. Health professions and related programs	500	60	440	2,930	505	2,430
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	50	35	15
Personal, protective and transportation services	515	260	255	1,090	525	565
12. Personal and culinary services	270	35	235	700	180	520
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	15	10	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	10	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	60	45	15	235	200	35
49. Transportation and materials moving	185	170	10	145	130	10
Other	0	0	0	10	0	10
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	10	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	9,595	4,865	4,730	38,305	18,305	20,000
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	5,005	2,545	2,460	19,575	9,910	9,665
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	4,590	2,320	2,270	18,730	8,400	10,330
Location of study inside Canada	4,530	2,280	2,250	16,045	7,005	9,040
Same as province or territory of residence	4,490	2,265	2,225	13,610	5,775	7,835
Different than province or territory of residence	35	15	25	2,435	1,230	1,205
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	60	40	20	2,685	1,390	1,295
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	400	200	205
Philippines	0	0	0	275	110	165
India	10	10	0	500	250	250
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	120	75	45
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	230	125	105
France	25	15	0	10	0	10
Other	30	15	15	1,155	635	525
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	6,930	3,530	3,405	25,270	12,300	12,970
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	3,075	1,590	1,480	10,860	5,810	5,050
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	3,860	1,940	1,920	14,415	6,490	7,920
Location of study inside Canada	3,805	1,905	1,900	12,060	5,285	6,775
Same as province or territory of residence	3,785	1,905	1,885	10,190	4,315	5,875
Different than province or territory of residence	20	0	20	1,870	970	900
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	50	30	20	2,350	1,210	1,145
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	0	0	0	295	130	165
Philippines	0	0	0	260	110	150
India	0	0	0	470	230	235
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	0	0	0	70	40	25
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	210	115	90
France	20	15	10	0	0	10
Other	30	20	15	1,045	575	470
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	9,590	4,865	4,730	38,310	18,305	20,000
In the labour force	6,765	3,635	3,125	26,775	13,625	13,150
Employed	6,285	3,335	2,950	24,815	12,620	12,195
Unemployed	475	300	175	1,960	1,000	955
Not in the labour force	2,830	1,225	1,605	11,530	4,680	6,850
Participation rate	70.5	74.7	66.1	69.9	74.4	65.8
Employment rate	65.5	68.6	62.4	64.8	68.9	61.0
Unemployment rate	7.0	8.3	5.6	7.3	7.3	7.3
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	9,595	4,860	4,730	38,310	18,310	20,000
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,770	1,240	1,530	10,575	4,230	6,350
Worked	6,825	3,625	3,195	27,730	14,080	13,650
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	3,265	1,795	1,465	14,325	8,095	6,235
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	3,560	1,830	1,730	13,405	5,990	7,415
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.4	42.5	42.2	43.0	43.9	42.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	6,765	3,635	3,125	26,775	13,625	13,150
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	120	65	505	195	305
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	6,580	3,520	3,065	26,275	13,430	12,845
Employee	5,885	3,135	2,755	24,410	12,290	12,120
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	695	390	305	1,865	1,140	725
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	6,765	3,640	3,130	26,775	13,625	13,150
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	120	60	500	195	305
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	6,585	3,520	3,065	26,275	13,430	12,845
0 Management occupations	425	235	190	2,250	1,365	885
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	850	205	650	3,360	920	2,435
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	210	160	50	950	730	220
3 Health occupations	355	40	315	2,575	510	2,065
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	590	70	520	3,425	1,130	2,300
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	120	40	80	335	135	195
6 Sales and service occupations	1,595	630	965	6,815	2,965	3,855
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	1,855	1,750	105	3,835	3,695	140
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	105	85	25	510	410	95
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	480	305	175	2,230	1,565	665
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	6,765	3,635	3,125	26,775	13,625	13,150
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	180	120	60	505	195	305
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	6,580	3,520	3,065	26,275	13,430	12,845
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	95	65	35	425	315	110
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	15	10	0	145	130	15
22 Utilities	20	20	0	235	170	65
23 Construction	985	885	105	1,865	1,645	220
31-33 Manufacturing	925	660	270	3,045	2,145	895
41 Wholesale trade	245	180	70	710	550	160
44-45 Retail trade	900	405	495	3,525	1,780	1,745
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	385	290	100	920	805	115
51 Information and cultural industries	70	30	35	475	250	225
52 Finance and insurance	110	30	75	755	325	430
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	60	35	25	345	195	150
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	240	95	145	790	340	450
55 Management of companies and enterprises	10	10	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	355	220	140	895	530	365
61 Educational services	245	45	200	2,050	605	1,450
62 Health care and social assistance	830	80	755	4,490	830	3,660
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	90	55	35	380	185	195
72 Accommodation and food services	430	115	315	2,285	980	1,305
81 Other services (except public administration)	335	185	150	1,155	565	595
91 Public administration	230	125	105	1,770	1,095	685
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	6,285	3,335	2,950	24,815	12,620	12,195
Worked at home	345	105	240	825	380	445
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	40	25	20
No fixed workplace address	1,080	880	195	2,530	1,905	630
Worked at usual place	4,855	2,345	2,515	21,420	10,315	11,110
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	4,855	2,340	2,515	21,415	10,310	11,110
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	955	400	550	19,475	9,070	10,410
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	230	85	140	1,045	690	360
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	3,675	1,850	1,825	740	470	275
Commute to a different province or territory	0	0	0	150	85	65
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	5,935	3,220	2,710	23,950	12,215	11,735
Car, truck, van - as a driver	5,360	2,960	2,405	18,890	10,030	8,855
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	290	150	135	1,800	690	1,110
Public transit	65	25	40	1,130	485	645
Walked	170	55	115	1,640	700	935
Bicycle	10	10	10	245	165	80
Other method	40	30	15	245	135	110
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	5,935	3,225	2,710	23,950	12,215	11,735
Less than 15 minutes	1,060	460	595	15,175	7,075	8,100
15 to 29 minutes	1,175	530	650	6,205	3,485	2,720
30 to 44 minutes	1,590	870	720	1,550	905	650
45 to 59 minutes	1,010	630	385	465	320	145
60 minutes and over	1,095	735	365	550	435	120
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	5,935	3,220	2,710	23,950	12,215	11,735
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	1,140	855	285	1,180	895	285
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	1,340	755	585	3,610	2,125	1,490
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	1,145	405	740	6,785	3,915	2,865
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	690	305	385	5,670	2,155	3,510
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	285	65	225	2,205	905	1,300
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	1,335	840	495	4,505	2,215	2,290
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	7,060	3,750	3,310	28,560	14,395	14,155
Single responses	6,805	3,590	3,215	28,315	14,265	14,050
Official languages	6,805	3,590	3,215	28,040	14,130	13,905
English	115	70	50	27,975	14,115	13,860
French	6,690	3,525	3,165	65	10	50
Non-official languages	0	0	0	275	135	140
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	265	130	135
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	10
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	145	75	75
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	0	0	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	135	65	70
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	130	55	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	10
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	105	65	45
Chinese languages	0	0	0	105	60	40
Cantonese	0	0	0	50	25	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	50	30	20
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	10	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	255	155	95	240	130	110
English and French	245	150	95	65	25	35
English and non-official language	0	0	0	180	105	75
French and non-official language	10	10	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	7,060	3,750	3,310	28,555	14,395	14,155
None	5,785	3,005	2,780	27,300	13,750	13,550
English	1,175	685	485	185	60	125
French	85	40	35	175	110	65
Non-official language	10	10	0	875	465	405
Aboriginal	0	0	0	10	0	0
Non-Aboriginal	15	10	0	865	460	400
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	10	10	0	0	10
French and non-official language	0	0	0	15	0	10
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	12,345	6,350	5,995	46,885	22,670	24,210
Non-movers	10,625	5,485	5,140	38,965	18,910	20,055
Movers	1,720	865	855	7,915	3,760	4,155
Non-migrants	625	300	315	5,175	2,495	2,675
Migrants	1,100	560	540	2,740	1,260	1,480
Internal migrants	1,085	555	530	2,260	1,040	1,225
Intraprovincial migrants	1,065	540	525	1,740	785	950
Interprovincial migrants	20	10	10	525	250	275
External migrants	15	10	10	475	225	255
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	11,360	5,820	5,540	44,350	21,370	22,985
Non-movers	5,815	3,065	2,755	23,100	11,180	11,920
Movers	5,545	2,755	2,785	21,250	10,185	11,065
Non-migrants	2,225	1,075	1,150	12,215	5,935	6,280
Migrants	3,320	1,685	1,635	9,035	4,250	4,785
Internal migrants	3,280	1,660	1,620	6,540	3,050	3,490
Intraprovincial migrants	3,265	1,650	1,610	4,775	2,110	2,665
Interprovincial migrants	15	0	10	1,765	940	830
External migrants	40	25	15	2,495	1,200	1,295

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Laurentides [Population centre], Quebec and Brandon, CY [Census subdivision], Manitoba (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 21, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Laurentides [Population centre], Quebec and Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba

Census Profile, 2016 Census Laurentides [Population centre], Quebec and Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Laurentides [Population centre], Quebec and Brandon, City [Census subdivision], Manitoba