Census Profile, 2016 Census
Perth [Population centre], Ontario and Leduc, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

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The table shows total, male and female data grouped by geography (appearing as column headers) for selected characteristics (appearing as row headers).
Characteristic	Perth Ontario [Population centre]			Leduc, CY Alberta [Census subdivision]
	Data quality , Perth [Population centre], Ontario Map : Perth [Population centre], Ontario Change geography 1			Data quality : Leduc, City [Census subdivision], Alberta Map : geography 2 Change geography 2
	Total	Male	Female	Total	Male	Female
	Counts (unless otherwise specified)
Population and dwellings
Population, 2016^{Census data footnote 1}	5,573	...	...	29,993	...	...
Population, 2011^{Census data footnote 1}	5,580 ^r	...	...	24,304^r	...	...
Population percentage change, 2011 to 2016	-0.1	...	...	23.4	...	...
Total private dwellings^{Census data footnote 2}	2,875	...	...	12,264	...	...
Private dwellings occupied by usual residents^{Census data footnote 3}	2,725	...	...	11,319	...	...
Population density per square kilometre	793.5	...	...	706.7	...	...
Land area in square kilometres	7.02	...	...	42.44	...	...
Age characteristics
Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data^{Census data footnote 4}	5,575	2,425	3,145	29,995	14,795	15,200
0 to 14 years	560	280	275	6,430	3,275	3,155
0 to 4 years	180	90	90	2,380	1,200	1,175
5 to 9 years	190	90	100	2,185	1,100	1,085
10 to 14 years	185	95	90	1,865	970	895
15 to 64 years	2,990	1,380	1,615	19,925	9,925	10,000
15 to 19 years	230	110	120	1,620	815	805
20 to 24 years	285	140	140	1,740	875	865
25 to 29 years	280	140	140	2,405	1,225	1,180
30 to 34 years	240	120	120	2,810	1,385	1,420
35 to 39 years	215	105	105	2,530	1,255	1,275
40 to 44 years	230	100	130	2,115	1,075	1,040
45 to 49 years	270	115	155	1,765	910	850
50 to 54 years	375	180	195	1,790	880	905
55 to 59 years	450	185	265	1,660	815	845
60 to 64 years	420	180	240	1,485	675	810
65 years and over	2,025	770	1,260	3,640	1,595	2,045
65 to 69 years	440	190	250	1,220	590	625
70 to 74 years	375	140	235	840	385	455
75 to 79 years	415	165	250	660	290	370
80 to 84 years	325	130	200	445	190	260
85 years and over	465	145	325	480	140	335
85 to 89 years	250	90	155	265	105	160
90 to 94 years	170	40	125	155	25	125
95 to 99 years	45	10	30	45	10	40
100 years and over	5	0	5	10	0	15
Total - Distribution (%) of the population by broad age groups - 100% data	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
0 to 14 years	10.0	11.5	8.7	21.4	22.1	20.8
15 to 64 years	53.6	56.9	51.4	66.4	67.1	65.8
65 years and over	36.3	31.8	40.1	12.1	10.8	13.5
85 years and over	8.3	6.0	10.3	1.6	0.9	2.2
Average age of the population	52.2	49.2	54.5	36.5	35.5	37.4
Median age of the population	56.0	53.0	58.6	35.0	34.4	35.7
Household and dwelling characteristics
Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data^{Census data footnote 5}	2,725	...	...	11,320	...	...
Single-detached house	1,310	...	...	7,235	...	...
Apartment in a building that has five or more storeys	75	...	...	390	...	...
Other attached dwelling^{Census data footnote 6}	1,340	...	...	3,350	...	...
Semi-detached house	285	...	...	810	...	...
Row house	135	...	...	990	...	...
Apartment or flat in a duplex	20	...	...	150	...	...
Apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys	865	...	...	1,390	...	...
Other single-attached house	30	...	...	5	...	...
Movable dwelling^{Census data footnote 7}	0	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 8}	2,725	...	...	11,320	...	...
1 person	1,190	...	...	2,420	...	...
2 persons	1,005	...	...	3,990	...	...
3 persons	280	...	...	1,970	...	...
4 persons	175	...	...	1,855	...	...
5 or more persons	70	...	...	1,085	...	...
Number of persons in private households	5,135	...	...	29,650	...	...
Average household size	1.9	...	...	2.6	...	...
Marital status
Total - Marital status for the population aged 15 years and over - 100% data^{Census data footnote 9}	5,015	2,150	2,870	23,565	11,520	12,045
Married or living common law	2,445	1,225	1,220	14,810	7,415	7,395
Married	1,985	995	990	11,830	5,930	5,900
Living common law	465	230	235	2,980	1,480	1,500
Not married and not living common law	2,570	925	1,650	8,755	4,105	4,645
Never married	1,160	585	575	5,530	3,105	2,425
Separated	205	65	140	620	245	370
Divorced	465	140	320	1,465	560	905
Widowed	735	130	610	1,140	195	950
Family characteristics
Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 10}	1,470	...	...	8,550	...	...
2 persons	990	...	...	4,155	...	...
3 persons	265	...	...	1,835	...	...
4 persons	165	...	...	1,745	...	...
5 or more persons	50	...	...	805	...	...
Average size of census families	2.5	...	...	2.9	...	...
Total number of census families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 11}	1,470	...	...	8,550	...	...
Total couple families	1,160	...	...	7,245	...	...
Married couples	930	...	...	5,760	...	...
Common-law couples	230	...	...	1,485	...	...
Total lone-parent families by sex of parent	310	...	...	1,305	...	...
Female parent	260	...	...	1,005	...	...
Male parent	55	...	...	300	...	...
Total - Couple census families in private households - 100% data	1,160	...	...	7,240	...	...
Couples without children	780	...	...	3,360	...	...
Couples with children	380	...	...	3,885	...	...
1 child	190	...	...	1,470	...	...
2 children	145	...	...	1,640	...	...
3 or more children	45	...	...	775	...	...
Total - Lone-parent census families in private households - 100% data	310	...	...	1,305	...	...
1 child	210	...	...	795	...	...
2 children	80	...	...	365	...	...
3 or more children	30	...	...	145	...	...
Total - Persons not in census families in private households - 100% data	1,425	510	920	4,550	2,305	2,240
Household type
Total - Private households by household type - 100% data^{Census data footnote 12}	2,725	...	...	11,320	...	...
One-census-family households	1,430	...	...	8,140	...	...
Without children in a census family^{Census data footnote 13}	770	...	...	3,195	...	...
With children in a census family^{Census data footnote 14}	660	...	...	4,945	...	...
Multiple-census-family households	20	...	...	200	...	...
Non-census-family households	1,275	...	...	2,980	...	...
One-person households	1,195	...	...	2,415	...	...
Two-or-more person non-census-family households	85	...	...	560	...	...
Knowledge of official languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 15}	5,270	2,325	2,940	29,660	14,715	14,945
English only	4,740	2,120	2,620	27,930	13,900	14,025
French only	0	0	0	20	10	10
English and French	510	200	310	1,640	770	875
Neither English nor French	15	10	10	65	35	35
First official language spokenUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 16}	5,265	2,325	2,935	29,660	14,710	14,945
English	5,135	2,280	2,855	29,020	14,385	14,635
French	110	40	75	540	280	260
English and French	5	0	0	40	20	20
Neither English nor French	15	5	5	60	30	35
Official language minority (number)^{Census data footnote 17}	115	40	75	560	290	270
Official language minority (percentage)^{Census data footnote 17}	2.2	1.7	2.6	1.9	2.0	1.8
Mother tongueUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 18}	5,270	2,330	2,940	29,660	14,715	14,945
Single responses	5,235	2,320	2,925	29,245	14,520	14,725
Official languages	5,110	2,265	2,845	26,695	13,320	13,380
English	4,995	2,225	2,770	26,110	13,015	13,095
French	115	40	75	585	295	285
Non-official languages	130	55	80	2,550	1,205	1,345
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	5	10
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	20	5	10
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	5
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	15	5	10
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	5	0	5
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	5	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	5	5
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	5	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	130	50	75	2,530	1,195	1,330
Afro-Asiatic languages	15	5	5	90	60	30
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	5	0	5
Somali	0	0	0	5	5	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	5	5	85	55	30
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	15	5	10	85	55	35
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	5	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	20	10	15
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	5	0	5	20	10	15
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	850	380	470
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	30	10	20
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	5	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	5	5	5
Pangasinan	0	0	0	5	5	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	5	0	5	785	350	435
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	5
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	45	25	15
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	15	10	5
Tamil	0	0	0	15	5	10
Telugu	0	0	0	10	5	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	95	40	60	1,295	630	670
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	5	300	145	150
Baltic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	10	10	290	140	150
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	10	0	5
Czech	5	0	0	10	5	5
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	65	35	30
Russian	0	5	0	70	30	40
Serbian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	5	0	0	5	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ukrainian	0	5	5	115	60	55
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	5	0	5
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	5	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	5
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	55	20	35	535	255	275
Afrikaans	0	0	0	5	5	0
Danish	0	0	5	20	10	10
Dutch	15	5	10	100	50	50
Frisian	0	0	0	5	0	0
German	35	15	20	400	185	210
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	5	5	0
Swedish	0	0	0	5	0	5
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	5	5	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	10	5	245	135	105
Indo-Aryan languages	10	10	0	215	125	95
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	5	5	0	10	10	0
Hindi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	5	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	5	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	5	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	80	45	30
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	30	20	10
Urdu	0	0	0	70	40	35
Iranian languages	0	0	0	25	15	15
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	25	15	15
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Italic (Romance) languages	10	0	5	205	85	120
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	5	0	0	20	5	15
Portuguese	0	0	0	45	15	25
Romanian	5	5	0	20	10	10
Spanish	5	0	5	125	50	75
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	10	0	5
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	5	0	0	25	15	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	60	25	40
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	15	5	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	5	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	5	5	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	5	5
Swahili	0	0	0	10	5	5
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	5	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	5	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	0	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	5	75	35	45
Chinese languages	5	5	0	65	25	40
Cantonese	5	0	0	30	15	20
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	5	20	5	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	10	10	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	5
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	5	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	5	5	5
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	5	5	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	5	5	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Uralic languages	0	5	5	15	10	10
Estonian	5	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	5	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	5	0	15	5	10
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	5	0	0
Multiple responses	25	10	15	415	195	220
English and French	15	10	10	95	45	50
English and non-official language	10	5	5	310	145	160
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	5	0	5	10	5	5
Language spoken most often at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 19}	5,270	2,330	2,940	29,660	14,715	14,945
Single responses	5,235	2,320	2,910	29,010	14,405	14,605
Official languages	5,200	2,305	2,890	27,985	13,905	14,075
English	5,185	2,300	2,885	27,795	13,810	13,985
French	20	10	15	185	95	95
Non-official languages	35	20	20	1,030	505	525
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	5
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	40	20	15	1,030	500	525
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	5	10	25	15	15
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	15	10	5	30	15	10
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	5	5	25	15	10
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	10	5	10
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	465	230	235
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	15	5	5
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	5
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	450	220	230
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	5	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	5	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	20	10	10
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	5	5
Tamil	0	0	0	10	5	5
Telugu	0	0	0	5	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	20	10	10	415	205	210
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	5	0	0	75	35	40
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	5	5
Latvian	0	0	0	5	5	5
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	5	0	5	70	35	35
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	25	15	10
Russian	5	0	0	30	10	20
Serbian	0	0	0	5	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	5	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	10	5	5
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	110	55	55
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	5	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	10	5	5
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	5	0	0	95	50	45
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	5	5	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	10	5	0	150	80	70
Indo-Aryan languages	10	5	5	135	75	60
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	10	5	5	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	5	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	5	5	0	50	30	25
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	15	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	50	25	25
Iranian languages	0	0	0	10	5	5
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	10	10	5
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	85	40	45
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Portuguese	0	0	0	20	10	10
Romanian	0	0	0	5	0	5
Spanish	0	0	0	55	25	30
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	5	5	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	15	5	10
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	10	5	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	5	0	5
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	5	0	5
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	5	0	5
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	5	0	0	10	5	5
American Sign Language	0	0	5	5	5	5
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	5	5	0	5
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	30	15	15
Chinese languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Cantonese	0	5	0	5	0	5
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	15	0	10
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	5	5	5
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	5	5	5
Burmese	0	0	0	10	5	5
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	5
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	5
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	30	5	25	650	305	345
English and French	5	0	5	40	20	25
English and non-official language	25	5	20	595	290	315
French and non-official language	0	0	0	5	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	5	5
Other language spoken regularly at homeUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data^{Census data footnote 20}	5,265	2,325	2,940	29,660	14,710	14,950
None	5,125	2,275	2,855	27,740	13,820	13,915
English	25	10	15	605	305	300
French	70	20	50	375	175	200
Non-official language	40	15	20	920	400	515
Aboriginal	0	0	0	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal	40	20	20	890	395	495
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	5	5	5
French and non-official language	0	0	5	15	5	5
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Income of individuals in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	4,580	2,010	2,560	23,225	11,435	11,790
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,445	1,955	2,490	22,340	11,045	11,300
Median total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	29,426	35,237	26,267	46,538	65,733	32,531
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	4,445	1,955	2,490	22,350	11,040	11,305
Median after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	27,129	31,534	24,722	40,493	54,644	29,682
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,800	1,690	2,110	21,000	10,695	10,300
Median market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,853	34,091	21,248	45,303	64,878	30,400
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	3,645	1,515	2,130	12,930	4,785	8,145
Median government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	11,294	10,827	11,500	5,264	6,025	4,983
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data	2,620	1,280	1,340	18,495	9,745	8,750
Median employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	26,112	30,272	22,176	46,928	65,592	32,271
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 22}	4,555	2,005	2,550	23,220	11,435	11,790
Number of total income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,440	1,955	2,485	22,375	11,055	11,325
Average total income in 2015 among recipients ($)	37,541	42,588	33,580	59,195	78,361	40,479
Number of after-tax income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	4,445	1,955	2,490	22,380	11,055	11,325
Average after-tax income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,699	36,603	29,636	48,222	62,083	34,687
Number of market income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,855	1,715	2,145	21,095	10,725	10,375
Average market income in 2015 among recipients ($)	33,644	40,371	28,256	58,026	77,104	38,303
Number of government transfers recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	3,715	1,525	2,185	13,110	4,865	8,245
Average government transfers in 2015 among recipients ($)	9,966	9,130	10,549	7,652	8,097	7,389
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data	2,635	1,295	1,335	18,495	9,720	8,770
Average employment income in 2015 among recipients ($)	32,784	37,753	27,961	57,440	74,535	38,493
Total - Employment income statistics for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 23}	4,555	2,005	2,550	23,220	11,435	11,790
Number of employment income recipients aged 15 years and over in private households who worked full year full time in 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 24}	1,205	650	555	8,915	5,235	3,680
Median employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 25}	43,557	49,395	37,297	65,968	82,433	50,575
Average employment income in 2015 for full-year full-time workers ($)^{Census data footnote 26}	50,090	53,421	46,180	76,455	90,754	56,134
Composition of total income in 2015 of the population aged 15 years and over in private households (%) - 100% data^{Census data footnote 27}	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0	100.0
Market income (%)^{Census data footnote 28}	78.2	82.6	74.0	92.5	95.6	86.6
Employment income (%)^{Census data footnote 29}	52.6	57.5	47.4	79.7	82.7	73.9
Government transfers (%)^{Census data footnote 30}	21.9	17.5	26.2	7.5	4.4	13.5
Total - Total income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 31}	4,575	2,015	2,560	23,220	11,430	11,790
Without total income	130	60	70	880	390	490
With total income	4,450	1,955	2,490	22,340	11,040	11,300
Percentage with total income	97.3	97.0	97.3	96.2	96.6	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	470	190	285	2,455	720	1,735
$10,000 to $19,999	965	355	615	2,350	725	1,625
$20,000 to $29,999	815	310	505	2,730	860	1,870
$30,000 to $39,999	585	250	335	2,220	810	1,405
$40,000 to $49,999	480	220	260	2,170	940	1,230
$50,000 to $59,999	340	170	165	1,955	935	1,015
$60,000 to $69,999	275	150	125	1,550	875	680
$70,000 to $79,999	150	85	65	1,330	845	485
$80,000 to $89,999	110	70	45	1,175	815	355
$90,000 to $99,999	85	55	35	1,030	690	335
$100,000 and over	170	105	65	3,390	2,825	565
$100,000 to $149,999	120	75	50	2,295	1,855	440
$150,000 and over	45	30	15	1,100	975	120
Total - After-tax income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	4,580	2,015	2,560	23,220	11,430	11,790
Without after-tax income	130	60	70	875	390	485
With after-tax income	4,450	1,955	2,490	22,345	11,040	11,300
Percentage with after-tax income	97.2	97.0	97.3	96.2	96.6	95.8
Under $10,000 (including loss)	500	190	310	2,540	745	1,795
$10,000 to $19,999	1,010	375	635	2,495	765	1,730
$20,000 to $29,999	925	355	570	3,205	1,015	2,190
$30,000 to $39,999	700	315	380	2,775	1,130	1,645
$40,000 to $49,999	495	240	250	2,710	1,290	1,415
$50,000 to $59,999	335	160	170	2,155	1,230	925
$60,000 to $69,999	180	120	60	1,700	1,155	545
$70,000 to $79,999	135	75	65	1,425	960	465
$80,000 and over	175	115	60	3,335	2,750	585
$80,000 to $89,999	65	35	25	1,035	770	270
$90,000 to $99,999	35	25	10	665	550	115
$100,000 and over	75	50	25	1,640	1,435	205
Total - Employment income groups in 2015 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 33}	4,575	2,010	2,560	23,220	11,435	11,790
Without employment income	1,950	730	1,220	4,730	1,690	3,035
With employment income	2,625	1,280	1,345	18,495	9,745	8,750
Percentage with employment income	57.4	63.7	52.5	79.7	85.2	74.2
Under $5,000 (including loss)	455	215	240	1,710	660	1,045
$5,000 to $9,999	220	95	125	1,145	390	755
$10,000 to $19,999	430	170	260	1,810	620	1,190
$20,000 to $29,999	330	160	175	1,725	580	1,145
$30,000 to $39,999	315	145	170	1,620	640	980
$40,000 to $49,999	260	140	120	1,775	755	1,020
$50,000 to $59,999	175	105	70	1,545	785	760
$60,000 to $69,999	140	80	60	1,265	735	525
$70,000 to $79,999	75	40	40	1,110	735	375
$80,000 and over	215	135	75	4,790	3,845	945
$80,000 to $89,999	55	35	20	1,020	745	275
$90,000 to $99,999	65	30	30	905	620	280
$100,000 and over	90	65	25	2,860	2,475	385
Income of households in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 100% data^{Census data footnote 34}	2,725	...	...	11,315	...	...
Median total income of households in 2015 ($)	49,829	...	...	101,910	...	...
Median after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	44,843	...	...	85,663	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 100% data	1,195	...	...	2,415	...	...
Median total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	29,491	...	...	47,403	...	...
Median after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	27,648	...	...	40,562	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 100% data	1,530	...	...	8,900	...	...
Median total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	70,016	...	...	117,120	...	...
Median after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	62,336	...	...	97,586	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for private households by household size - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 35}	2,730	...	...	11,320	...	...
Average total income of households in 2015 ($)	61,110	...	...	117,024	...	...
Average after-tax income of households in 2015 ($)	53,228	...	...	95,331	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for one-person private households - 25% sample data	1,190	...	...	2,415	...	...
Average total income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	37,667	...	...	57,075	...	...
Average after-tax income of one-person households in 2015 ($)	33,014	...	...	46,989	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for two-or-more-person private households - 25% sample data	1,540	...	...	8,905	...	...
Average total income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	79,238	...	...	133,275	...	...
Average after-tax income of two-or-more-person households in 2015 ($)	68,860	...	...	108,436	...	...
Total - Household total income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 36}	2,725	...	...	11,320	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	100	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	60	...	...	50	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	85	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	180	...	...	180	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	220	...	...	475	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	155	...	...	280	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	175	...	...	240	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	155	...	...	275	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	135	...	...	290	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	140	...	...	280	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	265	...	...	610	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	205	...	...	675	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	180	...	...	665	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	150	...	...	635	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	110	...	...	695	...	...
$100,000 and over	440	...	...	5,790	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	200	...	...	1,600	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	105	...	...	1,265	...	...
$150,000 to $199,999	85	...	...	1,595	...	...
$200,000 and over	55	...	...	1,330	...	...
Total - Household after-tax income groups in 2015 for private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 32}	2,725	...	...	11,320	...	...
Under $5,000	30	...	...	115	...	...
$5,000 to $9,999	55	...	...	60	...	...
$10,000 to $14,999	130	...	...	85	...	...
$15,000 to $19,999	190	...	...	190	...	...
$20,000 to $24,999	235	...	...	505	...	...
$25,000 to $29,999	170	...	...	300	...	...
$30,000 to $34,999	225	...	...	280	...	...
$35,000 to $39,999	165	...	...	345	...	...
$40,000 to $44,999	170	...	...	375	...	...
$45,000 to $49,999	160	...	...	395	...	...
$50,000 to $59,999	280	...	...	805	...	...
$60,000 to $69,999	210	...	...	810	...	...
$70,000 to $79,999	200	...	...	910	...	...
$80,000 to $89,999	130	...	...	855	...	...
$90,000 to $99,999	85	...	...	870	...	...
$100,000 and over	290	...	...	4,415	...	...
$100,000 to $124,999	155	...	...	1,715	...	...
$125,000 to $149,999	50	...	...	1,100	...	...
$150,000 and over	80	...	...	1,605	...	...
Income of economic families in 2015
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 37}	1,465	...	...	8,490	...	...
Median total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	70,656	...	...	114,193	...	...
Median after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	63,232	...	...	95,298	...	...
Average family size of economic families	2.6	...	...	3.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 100% data	755	...	...	3,135	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	70,880	...	...	108,032	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	63,309	...	...	89,389	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families without children or other relatives	2.0	...	...	2.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 100% data	380	...	...	3,905	...	...
Median total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	95,488	...	...	133,711	...	...
Median after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	82,688	...	...	110,223	...	...
Average family size of couple economic families with children	3.8	...	...	4.0	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 100% data	305	...	...	1,215	...	...
Median total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	44,288	...	...	61,611	...	...
Median after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	40,960	...	...	55,552	...	...
Average family size of lone-parent economic families	2.5	...	...	2.6	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 38}	1,470	...	...	8,490	...	...
Average total income of economic families in 2015 ($)	79,441	...	...	130,279	...	...
Average after-tax income of economic families in 2015 ($)	68,968	...	...	105,923	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families without children or other relatives in private households - 25% sample data	770	...	...	3,145	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	77,671	...	...	127,504	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families without children or other relatives in 2015 ($)	67,445	...	...	102,565	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for couple economic families with children in private households - 25% sample data	375	...	...	3,895	...	...
Average total income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	108,563	...	...	149,013	...	...
Average after-tax income of couple economic families with children in 2015 ($)	92,567	...	...	121,056	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for lone-parent economic families in private households - 25% sample data	310	...	...	1,240	...	...
Average total income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	49,782	...	...	75,926	...	...
Average after-tax income of lone-parent economic families in 2015 ($)	45,019	...	...	64,744	...	...
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 21}	1,360	490	875	3,960	2,035	1,920
Median total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	28,109	27,200	28,576	44,698	55,717	34,213
Median after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 39}	26,155	25,280	26,352	38,597	46,176	30,944
Total - Income statistics in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 40}	1,385	475	905	4,005	2,015	1,990
Average total income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	36,275	40,646	33,972	54,505	66,581	42,282
Average after-tax income in 2015 for persons aged 15 years and over not in economic families ($)^{Census data footnote 41}	31,838	34,806	30,273	44,838	53,336	36,237
Total - Economic family income decile group for the population in private households - 100% data^{Census data footnote 42}	5,130	2,295	2,840	29,650	14,710	14,940
In the bottom half of the distribution	3,095	1,305	1,795	10,470	4,795	5,675
In the bottom decile	660	295	375	1,530	700	830
In the second decile	725	290	440	1,700	665	1,040
In the third decile	665	275	395	2,025	880	1,140
In the fourth decile	545	235	305	2,425	1,140	1,290
In the fifth decile	495	215	285	2,785	1,410	1,375
In the top half of the distribution	2,035	990	1,050	19,180	9,910	9,275
In the sixth decile	535	255	275	3,035	1,500	1,535
In the seventh decile	495	235	260	3,530	1,795	1,740
In the eighth decile	410	200	205	3,655	1,885	1,765
In the ninth decile	385	195	190	4,295	2,235	2,065
In the top decile	210	100	110	4,665	2,490	2,170
Low income in 2015
Total - Low-income status in 2015 for the population in private households to whom low-income concepts are applicable - 100% data^{Census data footnote 43}	5,130	2,290	2,840	29,655	14,710	14,945
0 to 17 years	695	340	355	7,445	3,770	3,675
0 to 5 years	205	110	95	2,820	1,430	1,395
18 to 64 years	2,810	1,295	1,510	18,865	9,420	9,445
65 years and over	1,630	650	980	3,340	1,515	1,820
In low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT)	1,010	415	595	2,005	845	1,155
0 to 17 years	185	90	90	665	345	320
0 to 5 years	75	40	35	235	120	120
18 to 64 years	615	260	355	1,025	410	615
65 years and over	215	65	150	315	90	225
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) (%)	19.7	18.1	21.0	6.8	5.7	7.7
0 to 17 years (%)	26.6	26.5	25.4	8.9	9.2	8.7
0 to 5 years (%)	36.6	36.4	36.8	8.3	8.4	8.6
18 to 64 years (%)	21.9	20.1	23.5	5.4	4.4	6.5
65 years and over (%)	13.2	10.0	15.3	9.4	5.9	12.4
In low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT)	420	185	240	1,025	475	550
0 to 17 years	70	30	40	350	190	165
0 to 5 years	25	10	15	120	60	60
18 to 64 years	330	140	190	630	275	355
65 years and over	20	15	10	40	15	25
Prevalence of low income based on the Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) (%)	8.2	8.1	8.5	3.5	3.2	3.7
0 to 17 years (%)	10.1	8.8	11.3	4.7	5.0	4.5
0 to 5 years (%)	12.2	9.1	15.8	4.3	4.2	4.3
18 to 64 years (%)	11.7	10.8	12.6	3.3	2.9	3.8
65 years and over (%)	1.2	2.3	1.0	1.2	1.0	1.4
Knowledge of languagesUpdate of the 2016 Census language data
Total - Knowledge of languages for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 44}	5,140	2,310	2,830	29,650	14,710	14,940
Official languages	5,135	2,305	2,830	29,590	14,680	14,905
English	5,135	2,305	2,830	29,560	14,665	14,895
French	480	210	270	1,700	770	930
Non-official languages	215	70	145	3,355	1,575	1,785
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	25	10	15
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	10	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	15	0	10
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	220	75	145	3,335	1,565	1,765
Afro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	160	85	70
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	10	0	10
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	10	145	85	60
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	10	0	0	145	85	60
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	10	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	10	0	10	40	20	25
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	10	0	0	45	15	25
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	1,040	490	545
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	25	25	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	40	25	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	10	10	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	10
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	1,020	480	540
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	0	10
Creole languages	0	0	0	50	20	30
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	35	15	20
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	60	30	30
Kannada	0	0	0	10	10	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	40	15	25
Telugu	0	0	0	15	10	10
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	175	60	110	1,650	805	845
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	15	10	10	310	135	175
Baltic languages	0	0	0	10	10	10
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	15	0	10	300	130	170
Belarusan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Czech	10	10	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	80	45	40
Russian	0	0	0	60	30	25
Serbian	10	0	10	0	0	10
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ukrainian	0	0	0	135	40	95
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	95	35	65	585	285	300
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	10	0	10	10	0	10
Dutch	15	10	10	90	40	50
Frisian	0	0	0	0	10	0
German	65	25	40	470	240	235
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	10	0	0	0	0	10
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	10	10	10	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	430	230	205
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	370	210	160
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	20	15	10
Hindi	0	0	0	105	50	50
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	215	125	85
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	20	10	10
Urdu	0	0	0	95	45	50
Iranian languages	0	0	0	70	25	45
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	75	25	50
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	10	10	0
Italic (Romance) languages	60	20	40	385	190	195
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	10	0	0	50	15	35
Portuguese	0	0	0	50	15	35
Romanian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Spanish	55	20	35	275	155	120
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	25	10	15
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	0	0	50	25	30
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	120	50	70
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	25	10	10
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	25	20	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	30	15	20
Swahili	0	0	0	25	10	20
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	10	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	20	0	15
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	10	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	10	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	15	0	20	70	15	50
American Sign Language	0	0	0	30	10	25
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e.	15	0	15	35	15	25
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	130	50	75
Chinese languages	0	0	0	105	35	65
Cantonese	0	0	0	45	20	25
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	10
Mandarin	0	0	0	35	0	30
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	25	10	10
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	25	15	10
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	25	15	10
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	20	0	10
Lao	0	0	0	10	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	10	10	0	10	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	10	10	0	0	0	10
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	10	10	10	25	10	15
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	10	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	10	0	25	10	15
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Citizenship
Total - Citizenship for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 45}	5,140	2,305	2,830	29,650	14,710	14,945
Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 46}	5,055	2,260	2,795	27,990	13,935	14,055
Canadian citizens aged under 18	700	360	340	7,190	3,635	3,555
Canadian citizens aged 18 and over	4,350	1,895	2,455	20,800	10,300	10,505
Not Canadian citizens^{Census data footnote 47}	85	45	35	1,660	770	885
Immigrant status and period of immigration
Total - Immigrant status and period of immigration for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 48}	5,135	2,305	2,830	29,650	14,705	14,945
Non-immigrants^{Census data footnote 49}	4,780	2,175	2,600	26,320	13,110	13,210
Immigrants^{Census data footnote 50}	345	125	220	3,000	1,420	1,580
Before 1981	250	95	160	715	320	395
1981 to 1990	40	10	30	245	110	140
1991 to 2000	10	0	0	265	145	125
2001 to 2010	45	20	25	760	380	385
2001 to 2005	10	10	0	310	155	155
2006 to 2010	35	15	25	450	225	230
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 51}	10	0	0	1,005	475	535
Non-permanent residents^{Census data footnote 52}	15	0	10	330	175	155
Age at immigration
Total - Age at immigration for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 53}	345	130	220	3,000	1,425	1,580
Under 5 years	50	15	40	325	140	180
5 to 14 years	60	30	30	695	405	295
15 to 24 years	105	30	75	525	200	325
25 to 44 years	110	45	65	1,305	595	710
45 years and over	20	10	10	145	80	70
Immigrants by selected place of birthUpdate of the 2016 Census immigration data
Total - Selected places of birth for the immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	345	125	220	3,000	1,425	1,575
Americas	95	50	50	345	140	200
Brazil	0	0	0	10	0	10
Colombia	0	0	0	10	10	0
El Salvador	0	0	0	0	0	10
Guyana	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	10	0	10
Jamaica	20	10	10	45	15	30
Mexico	0	0	0	25	10	15
Peru	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidad and Tobago	0	0	0	15	15	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	75	35	35	160	60	100
Other places of birth in Americas	10	0	10	70	35	35
Europe	215	70	140	985	455	530
Bosnia and Herzegovina	0	0	0	15	10	10
Croatia	0	0	0	15	10	0
France	0	0	0	0	0	10
Germany	30	15	15	160	80	80
Greece	10	0	0	0	0	10
Hungary	0	0	0	10	0	15
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	10	0	0	25	10	10
Italy	0	0	0	15	0	0
Netherlands	15	10	10	95	50	45
Poland	0	0	0	95	55	40
Portugal	0	0	0	10	10	0
Romania	0	0	10	35	15	15
Russian Federation	0	0	0	20	15	10
Serbia^{Census data footnote 57}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Ukraine	0	0	0	25	10	15
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	130	40	95	390	170	220
Other places of birth in Europe	15	0	10	60	10	45
Africa	20	0	10	225	130	95
Algeria	0	0	0	10	0	10
Egypt	0	0	0	25	20	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	15
Kenya	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	10	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	35	15	15
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	10	10	0	10	10	10
Other places of birth in Africa	0	10	0	130	85	40
Asia	15	0	15	1,415	675	750
Afghanistan	0	0	0	20	10	15
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	30	10	20
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	10	0	10
India	0	0	0	185	105	80
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	20	10	10
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	25	10	15
Lebanon	10	0	0	50	25	25
Pakistan	0	0	0	55	30	20
Philippines	0	0	0	885	405	480
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	10	10	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	10	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	10	35	20	25
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	75	40	35
Oceania and other places of birth^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	25	15	10
Recent immigrants by selected places of birth
Total - Selected places of birth for the recent immigrant population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 54}	0	0	0	1,010	475	535
Americas	0	0	0	45	15	35
Brazil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Colombia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jamaica	0	0	0	25	0	20
Mexico	0	0	0	10	0	0
United States^{Census data footnote 55}	10	0	0	10	0	10
Venezuela^{Census data footnote 65}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Americas	0	0	0	10	0	0
Europe	0	0	0	115	40	75
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germany	0	0	0	10	0	0
Ireland^{Census data footnote 56}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Moldova^{Census data footnote 66}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Romania	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian Federation	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukraine	0	0	0	10	0	0
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 58}	0	0	0	70	25	50
Other places of birth in Europe	0	0	0	10	10	10
Africa	0	0	0	60	30	30
Algeria	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	0	0	0	0	0	0
Côte d'Ivoire	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egypt	0	0	0	20	15	0
Eritrea	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopia	0	0	0	10	0	10
Morocco	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigeria	0	0	0	25	15	10
Somalia	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Africa, Republic of	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tunisia	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other places of birth in Africa	0	0	0	0	0	10
Asia	0	0	0	775	385	390
Afghanistan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bangladesh	0	0	0	0	0	0
China^{Census data footnote 59}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hong Kong^{Census data footnote 60}	0	0	0	0	0	0
India	0	0	0	55	45	15
Iran^{Census data footnote 61}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iraq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israel	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japan	0	0	0	10	0	10
Korea, South^{Census data footnote 62}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Lebanon	0	0	0	15	0	15
Nepal	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistan	0	0	0	10	10	0
Philippines	0	0	0	650	305	340
Saudi Arabia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Sri Lanka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syria^{Census data footnote 63}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkey	0	0	0	0	0	0
United Arab Emirates	0	0	0	0	0	0
Viet Nam	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other places of birth in Asia	0	0	0	10	10	0
Oceania and other^{Census data footnote 64}	0	0	0	10	10	0
Australia	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other places of birth^{Census data footnote 67}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Generation status
Total - Generation status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 68}	5,135	2,305	2,830	29,650	14,710	14,945
First generation^{Census data footnote 69}	400	145	250	3,400	1,625	1,780
Second generation^{Census data footnote 70}	585	280	310	4,140	1,980	2,165
Third generation or more^{Census data footnote 71}	4,150	1,880	2,270	22,115	11,105	11,005
Admission category and applicant type
Total - Admission category and applicant type for the immigrant population in private households who landed between 1980 and 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 72}	105	40	65	2,335	1,125	1,210
Economic immigrants^{Census data footnote 73}	55	20	35	1,470	745	725
Principal applicants^{Census data footnote 74}	20	10	10	565	325	245
Secondary applicants^{Census data footnote 75}	35	10	25	895	420	480
Immigrants sponsored by family^{Census data footnote 76}	45	15	25	660	255	405
Refugees^{Census data footnote 77}	0	0	0	195	130	70
Other immigrants^{Census data footnote 78}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Aboriginal population
Total - Aboriginal identity for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 79}	5,135	2,310	2,830	29,650	14,710	14,940
Aboriginal identity^{Census data footnote 80}	140	75	65	1,615	750	865
Single Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 81}	125	70	55	1,570	730	845
First Nations (North American Indian)^{Census data footnote 82}	90	55	35	505	225	280
Métis	35	15	20	1,015	490	530
Inuk (Inuit)	0	0	0	50	20	30
Multiple Aboriginal responses^{Census data footnote 83}	10	0	10	25	20	10
Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere^{Census data footnote 84}	10	10	10	15	10	15
Non-Aboriginal identity	4,995	2,230	2,765	28,035	13,960	14,080
Total - Population by Registered or Treaty Indian status for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 85}	5,135	2,305	2,830	29,650	14,705	14,945
Registered or Treaty Indian^{Census data footnote 86}	25	15	10	395	170	230
Not a Registered or Treaty Indian	5,115	2,290	2,820	29,255	14,540	14,720
Total - Aboriginal ancestry for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 87}	5,135	2,305	2,830	29,650	14,705	14,945
Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 88}	15	10	10	330	120	210
Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 89}	15	10	10	325	115	210
First Nations (North American Indian) single ancestry^{Census data footnote 82}	15	10	0	140	55	90
Métis single ancestry	0	0	10	145	45	105
Inuit single ancestry	0	0	0	35	15	20
Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)^{Census data footnote 90}	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Métis ancestries	0	0	0	10	10	0
First Nations (North American Indian) and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 91}	175	80	105	1,860	900	960
Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 92}	180	75	100	1,780	850	930
First Nations (North American Indian) and non-Aboriginal ancestries	140	70	70	885	400	485
Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	40	10	35	860	435	425
Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	40	20	25
Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries^{Census data footnote 93}	0	0	0	75	50	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	65	35	30
First Nations (North American Indian), Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	10	0
Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, Inuit and non-Aboriginal ancestries	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)^{Census data footnote 94}	4,945	2,220	2,720	27,460	13,685	13,775
Visible minority population
Total - Visible minority for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 95}	5,135	2,305	2,830	29,650	14,705	14,945
Total visible minority population^{Census data footnote 96}	65	25	35	2,850	1,410	1,435
South Asian^{Census data footnote 97}	10	0	0	450	240	205
Chinese	0	0	0	150	60	90
Black	20	10	10	570	295	275
Filipino	0	0	0	1,180	575	610
Latin American	0	0	0	70	35	35
Arab	10	0	0	110	70	40
Southeast Asian^{Census data footnote 98}	25	0	15	95	45	55
West Asian^{Census data footnote 99}	0	0	0	100	40	55
Korean	10	0	10	55	25	30
Japanese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Visible minority, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 100}	0	0	0	10	0	10
Multiple visible minorities^{Census data footnote 101}	0	0	0	15	0	20
Not a visible minority^{Census data footnote 102}	5,075	2,280	2,790	26,800	13,300	13,505
Ethnic origin populationUpdate of the 2016 Census data on ethnic origin
Total - Ethnic origin for the population in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 103}	5,140	2,305	2,830	29,650	14,710	14,940
North American Aboriginal origins	195	85	110	2,190	1,020	1,170
First Nations (North American Indian)	155	80	75	1,105	505	600
Inuit	0	0	0	85	40	45
Métis	45	10	40	1,090	530	555
Other North American origins	1,800	855	945	9,345	4,690	4,655
Acadian	20	15	0	35	15	15
American	100	45	55	555	275	275
Canadian	1,725	820	905	8,905	4,460	4,445
New Brunswicker	0	0	0	0	0	0
Newfoundlander	0	10	0	0	0	0
Nova Scotian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Ontarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Québécois	10	0	0	20	10	15
Other North American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 104}	0	0	0	0	0	0
European origins	4,135	1,815	2,320	21,950	10,795	11,160
British Isles origins	3,650	1,600	2,055	13,655	6,735	6,915
Channel Islander	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cornish	0	0	0	0	0	0
English	1,855	785	1,065	7,510	3,730	3,780
Irish	2,000	855	1,145	5,320	2,560	2,760
Manx	0	0	0	0	0	10
Scottish	1,920	860	1,060	6,055	2,830	3,220
Welsh	95	45	50	550	245	305
British Isles origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 105}	145	65	80	665	320	345
French origins	645	265	380	4,060	2,030	2,025
Alsatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Breton	0	0	0	0	0	0
Corsican	0	0	0	0	0	0
French	645	260	380	4,065	2,035	2,030
Western European origins (except French origins)	820	395	420	8,600	4,185	4,415
Austrian	20	0	20	275	140	140
Bavarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belgian	10	10	0	250	80	170
Dutch	200	100	95	1,615	770	845
Flemish	0	0	0	0	0	10
Frisian	0	0	0	10	0	0
German	635	310	330	6,965	3,400	3,565
Luxembourger	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swiss	10	10	0	185	110	70
Western European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 106}	0	0	0	15	10	0
Northern European origins (except British Isles origins)	150	95	55	2,820	1,350	1,465
Danish	30	15	15	455	205	250
Finnish	20	10	10	135	95	35
Icelandic	10	0	0	165	75	85
Norwegian	35	30	10	1,290	620	665
Swedish	45	25	20	990	460	530
Northern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 107}	15	10	10	140	80	60
Eastern European origins	180	95	90	6,330	3,020	3,310
Bulgarian	10	0	0	25	15	10
Byelorussian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	110	45	60
Czechoslovakian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 108}	0	0	0	75	40	35
Estonian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Hungarian	35	15	20	430	210	220
Latvian	0	0	0	40	20	20
Lithuanian	0	0	0	90	50	40
Moldovan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	105	60	45	1,950	950	995
Romanian	0	0	0	210	85	125
Russian	10	10	0	820	330	490
Slovak	0	0	0	105	45	60
Ukrainian	30	15	15	3,930	1,890	2,040
Eastern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 109}	0	10	0	10	10	0
Southern European origins	205	85	120	1,260	620	635
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	25	10	10
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	45	25	20
Cypriot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	20	0	20	65	30	35
Italian	160	75	80	700	370	335
Kosovar	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	10	10	0
Montenegrin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	85	45	45
Serbian	15	0	15	20	10	10
Sicilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Slovenian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Spanish	15	0	10	265	110	150
Yugoslavian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 110}	0	0	10	55	20	35
Southern European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 111}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other European origins	25	10	10	85	40	45
Basque	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jewish	15	10	10	55	25	20
Roma (Gypsy)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 112}	0	0	0	10	10	10
Other European origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 113}	10	10	0	25	10	15
Caribbean origins	20	10	10	255	120	140
Antiguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bahamian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Barbadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bermudan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carib	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cuban	0	0	0	15	10	0
Dominican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Grenadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guadeloupean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Jamaican	20	10	10	160	55	105
Kittitian/Nevisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Martinican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montserratan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Puerto Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
St. Lucian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Trinidadian/Tobagonian	0	0	0	15	10	0
Vincentian/Grenadinian	0	0	0	10	10	10
West Indian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 114}	0	0	0	15	10	10
Caribbean origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 115}	0	0	0	30	30	10
Latin, Central and South American origins	10	0	10	155	75	75
Aboriginal from Central/South America (except Arawak and Maya)	10	0	10	0	0	0
Arawak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Argentinian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Belizean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bolivian	0	0	0	30	15	15
Brazilian	0	0	0	10	0	0
Chilean	0	0	0	45	20	20
Colombian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Costa Rican	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ecuadorian	0	0	0	20	15	10
Guatemalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Guyanese	0	0	0	10	0	0
Hispanic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Honduran	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maya	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mexican	0	0	0	25	10	15
Nicaraguan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Panamanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Paraguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Peruvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salvadorean	0	0	0	25	10	10
Uruguayan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Venezuelan	10	0	0	0	0	0
Latin, Central and South American origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 116}	0	0	0	10	0	0
African origins	0	0	0	455	260	195
Central and West African origins	0	0	0	140	85	55
Akan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Angolan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ashanti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beninese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burkinabe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cameroonian	0	0	0	15	15	0
Chadian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Congolese	0	0	0	50	30	20
Edo	0	0	0	20	10	10
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gabonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ghanaian	0	0	0	40	25	15
Guinean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ibo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ivorian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Liberian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malinké	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nigerian	0	0	0	20	10	10
Peulh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Senegalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sierra Leonean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Togolese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Central and West African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 117}	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins	0	0	0	60	40	25
Algerian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber	0	0	0	0	0	0
Coptic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Egyptian	0	0	0	30	25	0
Libyan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maure	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moroccan	0	0	0	20	15	10
Sudanese	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tunisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
North African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 118}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins	0	0	0	90	40	50
Afrikaner	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amhara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bantu, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 119}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burundian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Djiboutian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eritrean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ethiopian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kenyan	0	0	0	10	0	15
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mauritian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rwandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Seychellois	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
South African	0	0	0	35	25	10
Tanzanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ugandan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zambian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Zimbabwean	0	0	0	30	15	20
Zulu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern and East African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 120}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other African origins	0	0	0	170	100	65
Black, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 121}	0	0	0	0	0	10
Other African origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 122}	0	0	0	165	100	65
Asian origins	45	20	25	2,325	1,130	1,200
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins	10	0	10	240	110	135
Afghan	0	0	0	35	15	20
Arab, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 123}	0	0	0	10	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Assyrian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hazara	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian	0	0	0	35	15	25
Iraqi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Israeli	0	0	0	0	0	0
Jordanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kazakh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurd	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kuwaiti	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kyrgyz	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lebanese	10	0	10	130	65	70
Palestinian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashtun	0	0	0	0	0	0
Saudi Arabian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Syrian	0	0	0	15	0	15
Tajik	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tatar	0	10	0	0	0	0
Turk	0	0	0	15	10	10
Turkmen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uighur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yemeni	0	0	0	0	0	0
West Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 124}	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins	10	10	0	505	265	240
Bangladeshi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bhutanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
East Indian	10	0	0	390	205	185
Goan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pakistani	0	0	0	105	50	55
Punjabi	0	0	0	20	10	10
Sinhalese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sri Lankan	0	0	0	15	10	10
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 125}	0	0	0	25	10	15
East and Southeast Asian origins	30	10	20	1,610	770	840
Burmese	0	0	0	15	10	0
Cambodian (Khmer)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese	0	0	0	305	125	180
Filipino	0	0	0	1,150	560	595
Hmong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indonesian	0	0	0	10	0	10
Japanese	0	0	0	35	20	15
Karen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	10	10	10	60	30	30
Laotian	0	0	0	15	0	0
Malaysian	0	0	0	30	10	15
Mongolian	0	0	0	10	10	0
Singaporean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Taiwanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	10	0	10
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	20	10	10	60	30	30
East and Southeast Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 126}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other Asian origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 127}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oceania origins	10	0	0	60	35	30
Australian	0	10	0	40	15	20
New Zealander	0	0	0	10	0	0
Pacific Islands origins	0	0	0	15	10	10
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hawaiian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maori	0	0	0	10	10	0
Polynesian, n.o.s.^{Census data footnote 128}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Samoan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pacific Islands origins, n.i.e.^{Census data footnote 129}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Household characteristics
Total - Private households by tenure - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 130}	2,730	...	...	11,320	...	...
Owner	1,495	...	...	8,380	...	...
Renter	1,230	...	...	2,940	...	...
Band housing	0	...	...	0	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by condominium status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 131}	2,725	...	...	11,320	...	...
Condominium	210	...	...	1,665	...	...
Not condominium	2,515	...	...	9,650	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of bedrooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 132}	2,730	...	...	11,320	...	...
No bedrooms	0	...	...	30	...	...
1 bedroom	415	...	...	635	...	...
2 bedrooms	1,010	...	...	2,190	...	...
3 bedrooms	960	...	...	4,755	...	...
4 or more bedrooms	350	...	...	3,705	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by number of rooms - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 133}	2,730	...	...	11,320	...	...
1 to 4 rooms	860	...	...	2,200	...	...
5 rooms	460	...	...	1,900	...	...
6 rooms	440	...	...	1,875	...	...
7 rooms	390	...	...	1,555	...	...
8 or more rooms	575	...	...	3,795	...	...
Average number of rooms per dwelling	5.8	...	...	6.6	...	...
Total - Private households by number of persons per room - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 134}	2,730	...	...	11,320	...	...
One person or fewer per room	2,720	...	...	11,155	...	...
More than 1 person per room	10	...	...	165	...	...
Total - Private households by housing suitability - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 135}	2,730	...	...	11,320	...	...
Suitable	2,615	...	...	10,930	...	...
Not suitable	110	...	...	390	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by period of construction - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 136}	2,730	...	...	11,320	...	...
1960 or before	1,410	...	...	445	...	...
1961 to 1980	690	...	...	3,005	...	...
1981 to 1990	235	...	...	955	...	...
1991 to 2000	235	...	...	995	...	...
2001 to 2005	65	...	...	1,140	...	...
2006 to 2010	60	...	...	2,535	...	...
2011 to 2016^{Census data footnote 137}	30	...	...	2,235	...	...
Total - Occupied private dwellings by dwelling condition - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 138}	2,725	...	...	11,320	...	...
Only regular maintenance or minor repairs needed	2,550	...	...	10,890	...	...
Major repairs needed	185	...	...	430	...	...
Total - Private households by number of household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 139}	2,730	...	...	11,320	...	...
1 household maintainer	1,880	...	...	6,280	...	...
2 household maintainers	825	...	...	4,700	...	...
3 or more household maintainers	20	...	...	340	...	...
Total - Private households by age of primary household maintainers - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 140}	2,730	...	...	11,320	...	...
15 to 24 years	80	...	...	405	...	...
25 to 34 years	275	...	...	2,375	...	...
35 to 44 years	295	...	...	2,530	...	...
45 to 54 years	370	...	...	1,985	...	...
55 to 64 years	580	...	...	1,830	...	...
65 to 74 years	500	...	...	1,310	...	...
75 to 84 years	420	...	...	640	...	...
85 years and over	205	...	...	250	...	...
Total - Owner and tenant households with household total income greater than zero, in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings by shelter-cost-to-income ratio - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 141}	2,725	...	...	11,290	...	...
Spending less than 30% of income on shelter costs	1,830	...	...	8,940	...	...
Spending 30% or more of income on shelter costs	895	...	...	2,355	...	...
30% to less than 100%	840	...	...	2,080	...	...
Total - Owner households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,490	...	...	8,385	...	...
% of owner households with a mortgage^{Census data footnote 142}	45.8	...	...	71.9	...	...
% of owner households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	13.7	...	...	14.7	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	816	...	...	1,678	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for owned dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	1,026	...	...	1,606	...	...
Median value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	240,187	...	...	358,837	...	...
Average value of dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 144}	268,137	...	...	377,663	...	...
Total - Tenant households in non-farm, non-reserve private dwellings - 25% sample data	1,235	...	...	2,935	...	...
% of tenant households in subsidized housing^{Census data footnote 145}	14.2	...	...	13.6	...	...
% of tenant households spending 30% or more of its income on shelter costs^{Census data footnote 141}	55.7	...	...	38.5	...	...
Median monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	865	...	...	1,370	...	...
Average monthly shelter costs for rented dwellings ($)^{Census data footnote 143}	882	...	...	1,413	...	...
Highest certificate, diploma or degree
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	4,555	2,005	2,555	23,220	11,435	11,790
No certificate, diploma or degree	890	420	475	4,140	2,155	1,990
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	1,485	720	765	7,685	3,555	4,130
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,180	865	1,310	11,390	5,725	5,665
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	305	195	105	3,145	2,530	610
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	150	85	65	765	430	335
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	155	110	45	2,380	2,100	280
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	1,110	325	785	4,685	1,815	2,870
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	55	10	45	595	220	375
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	705	330	375	2,970	1,160	1,805
Bachelor's degree	460	195	270	2,345	860	1,485
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	40	15	25	205	95	115
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	15	15	0	50	30	25
Master's degree	155	85	70	315	150	160
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	40	20	10	50	30	15
Total - Highest certificate, diploma or degree for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 146}	2,430	1,140	1,295	16,515	8,200	8,320
No certificate, diploma or degree	290	185	100	1,900	1,050	850
Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate^{Census data footnote 147}	785	430	355	5,225	2,440	2,785
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,360	520	835	9,390	4,715	4,680
Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma	195	110	85	2,580	2,105	470
Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 148}	105	50	60	595	360	240
Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification^{Census data footnote 149}	85	60	25	1,980	1,750	230
College, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma	740	230	505	3,800	1,475	2,330
University certificate or diploma below bachelor level	20	10	10	455	165	295
University certificate, diploma or degree at bachelor level or above	405	175	230	2,550	970	1,585
Bachelor's degree	290	115	175	2,075	765	1,310
University certificate or diploma above bachelor level	10	10	0	140	55	85
Degree in medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine or optometry	10	10	0	45	25	20
Master's degree	90	50	45	260	105	150
Earned doctorate^{Census data footnote 150}	0	0	0	40	25	20
Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	4,550	2,005	2,550	23,225	11,435	11,790
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	2,375	1,140	1,240	11,830	5,710	6,120
Education	210	70	140	820	215	605
13. Education	215	65	140	815	215	600
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	60	40	20	205	85	120
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	10	0	10	60	45	20
50. Visual and performing arts	55	40	15	145	45	100
Humanities	100	30	70	270	80	190
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	10	0	10	10	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	35	0	35	45	0	40
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	25	10	20	55	15	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	20	0	10
39. Theology and religious vocations	15	10	0	85	25	60
54. History	10	10	0	55	30	30
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	220	50	175	935	215	720
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	0	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	15	0	15	90	20	75
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	75	0	65	265	10	255
22. Legal professions and studies	40	0	35	175	15	155
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	0
42. Psychology	35	10	30	165	55	110
45. Social sciences	50	25	30	230	120	115
Business, management and public administration	370	95	275	2,225	665	1,555
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	10
44. Public administration and social service professions	65	20	50	155	15	140
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	300	75	225	2,065	655	1,410
Physical and life sciences and technologies	50	35	15	205	130	70
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	50	35	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	15	0	70	40	30
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	20	15	0	55	35	15
41. Science technologies/technicians	10	0	0	25	25	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	70	50	20	300	215	80
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	35	20	10	255	195	60
25. Library science	20	10	10	20	0	20
27. Mathematics and statistics	20	10	0	25	25	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	320	285	40	3,660	3,415	245
04. Architecture and related services	10	10	10	65	35	30
14. Engineering	45	35	10	280	220	55
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	65	60	10	625	550	70
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	110	100	10	1,000	965	35
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	70	70	0	810	785	20
48. Precision production	20	20	0	890	855	40
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	90	55	35	195	125	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	45	20	30	130	90	40
03. Natural resources and conservation	45	40	0	60	40	20
Health and related fields	485	80	405	1,735	205	1,530
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	60	30	25	80	35	50
51. Health professions and related programs	430	45	385	1,635	160	1,475
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	15	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	195	80	110	855	365	490
12. Personal and culinary services	145	35	105	480	95	390
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	0	0	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	30	20	10	190	115	75
49. Transportation and materials moving	20	20	0	190	160	25
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total - Major field of study - Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) 2016 for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 151}	2,430	1,135	1,290	16,520	8,200	8,315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 152}	1,075	615	455	7,120	3,485	3,635
Education	95	25	65	595	140	465
13. Education	95	30	70	600	140	460
Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies	40	35	0	155	55	105
10. Communications technologies/technicians and support services	0	0	0	35	20	10
50. Visual and performing arts	40	30	10	115	30	85
Humanities	35	0	35	210	70	140
16. Aboriginal and foreign languages, literatures and linguistics	0	0	0	0	0	10
23. English language and literature/letters	20	0	20	40	0	35
24. Liberal arts and sciences, general studies and humanities	10	0	0	50	10	40
30A Interdisciplinary humanities^{Census data footnote 153}	0	0	0	0	0	0
38. Philosophy and religious studies	0	0	0	15	10	0
39. Theology and religious vocations	0	0	0	60	25	35
54. History	10	0	10	35	25	10
55. French language and literature/letters	0	0	0	0	0	10
Social and behavioural sciences and law	150	20	125	830	190	645
05. Area, ethnic, cultural, gender, and group studies	10	0	0	10	0	10
09. Communication, journalism and related programs	10	10	0	85	20	65
19. Family and consumer sciences/human sciences	55	0	50	220	10	215
22. Legal professions and studies	40	10	35	160	0	155
30B Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences^{Census data footnote 154}	0	0	0	10	0	10
42. Psychology	20	10	20	145	45	100
45. Social sciences	25	10	20	210	110	95
Business, management and public administration	245	60	185	1,905	570	1,340
30.16 Accounting and computer science	0	0	0	10	0	0
44. Public administration and social service professions	35	10	25	135	10	130
52. Business, management, marketing and related support services	210	50	155	1,760	560	1,205
Physical and life sciences and technologies	25	10	15	165	110	55
26. Biological and biomedical sciences	15	0	10	45	25	20
30.01 Biological and physical sciences	10	0	0	50	30	20
30C Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences^{Census data footnote 155}	0	0	0	0	0	0
40. Physical sciences	0	0	0	50	35	20
41. Science technologies/technicians	0	0	10	20	15	10
Mathematics, computer and information sciences	45	30	15	265	195	65
11. Computer and information sciences and support services	25	15	10	230	175	55
25. Library science	10	10	0	10	0	10
27. Mathematics and statistics	15	10	10	20	20	0
30D Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences^{Census data footnote 156}	0	0	0	0	0	0
Architecture, engineering, and related technologies	200	165	35	3,050	2,835	210
04. Architecture and related services	10	0	10	55	30	25
14. Engineering	30	15	10	220	175	50
15. Engineering technologies and engineering-related fields	40	35	10	535	465	65
30.12 Historic preservation and conservation	0	0	0	0	0	0
46. Construction trades	60	55	0	845	815	30
47. Mechanic and repair technologies/technicians	60	60	0	640	620	15
48. Precision production	10	10	0	765	735	25
Agriculture, natural resources and conservation	65	35	30	150	85	60
01. Agriculture, agriculture operations and related sciences	35	10	25	85	50	35
03. Natural resources and conservation	25	25	0	60	40	20
Health and related fields	295	70	230	1,370	170	1,195
31. Parks, recreation, leisure and fitness studies	45	30	15	70	35	35
51. Health professions and related programs	245	40	210	1,290	130	1,165
60. Dental, medical and veterinary residency programs	0	0	0	10	10	0
Personal, protective and transportation services	160	70	90	700	290	410
12. Personal and culinary services	120	35	85	385	70	320
28. Military science, leadership and operational art	10	10	0	0	0	0
29. Military technologies and applied sciences	0	0	0	0	0	0
43. Security and protective services	25	20	0	145	85	60
49. Transportation and materials moving	15	15	0	165	140	30
Other	0	0	0	0	0	0
30.99 Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies, other	0	0	0	0	0	0
Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	4,555	2,005	2,550	23,220	11,435	11,785
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	2,375	1,135	1,240	11,830	5,710	6,120
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	2,180	865	1,315	11,390	5,725	5,670
Location of study inside Canada	2,045	800	1,245	10,155	5,135	5,025
Same as province or territory of residence	1,845	725	1,120	7,585	3,820	3,765
Different than province or territory of residence	205	75	130	2,575	1,315	1,255
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	135	65	65	1,230	590	645
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	50	30	20	190	95	100
Philippines	0	0	0	545	230	325
India	0	0	0	70	40	30
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	45	25	15	100	60	40
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	0
France	10	0	0	10	0	0
Other	35	10	25	310	160	155
Total - Location of study compared with province or territory of residence with countries outside Canada for the population aged 25 to 64 years in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 157}	2,430	1,135	1,295	16,515	8,200	8,315
No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree	1,070	610	460	7,125	3,485	3,635
Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree^{Census data footnote 158}	1,360	525	835	9,390	4,715	4,680
Location of study inside Canada	1,290	485	805	8,355	4,225	4,125
Same as province or territory of residence	1,185	435	750	6,160	3,110	3,050
Different than province or territory of residence	105	50	50	2,195	1,115	1,080
Location of study outside Canada^{Census data footnote 159}	70	40	35	1,040	485	550
United States^{Census data footnote 160}	40	20	15	135	65	75
Philippines	0	0	0	530	220	310
India	0	0	0	55	35	20
United Kingdom^{Census data footnote 161}	15	10	0	60	40	15
China^{Census data footnote 162}	0	0	0	0	0	10
France	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other	20	10	10	250	125	125
Labour force status
Total - Population aged 15 years and over by Labour force status - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 163}	4,555	2,005	2,550	23,220	11,435	11,790
In the labour force	2,335	1,165	1,170	17,060	9,105	7,950
Employed	2,140	1,045	1,095	15,470	8,105	7,365
Unemployed	195	120	75	1,590	1,000	585
Not in the labour force	2,220	840	1,380	6,165	2,325	3,840
Participation rate	51.3	58.1	45.9	73.5	79.6	67.4
Employment rate	47.0	52.1	42.9	66.6	70.9	62.5
Unemployment rate	8.4	10.3	6.4	9.3	11.0	7.4
Work activity during the reference year
Total population aged 15 years and over by work activity during the reference year - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 164}	4,555	2,005	2,550	23,220	11,430	11,790
Did not work^{Census data footnote 165}	2,050	760	1,290	5,530	1,970	3,560
Worked	2,500	1,240	1,260	17,695	9,465	8,230
Worked full year, full time^{Census data footnote 166}	1,250	675	575	9,155	5,410	3,745
Worked part year and/or part time^{Census data footnote 167}	1,250	565	685	8,535	4,050	4,480
Average weeks worked in reference year	42.3	42.6	42.0	43.0	43.7	42.1
Class of worker
Total labour force aged 15 years and over by class of worker - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 168}	2,330	1,165	1,170	17,055	9,110	7,950
Class of worker - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	70	40	35	165	70	95
All classes of workers^{Census data footnote 170}	2,260	1,125	1,140	16,895	9,040	7,855
Employee	1,975	965	1,010	15,285	8,050	7,240
Self-employed^{Census data footnote 171}	285	160	130	1,605	995	615
Occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by occupation - National Occupational Classification (NOC) 2016 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 172}	2,335	1,160	1,170	17,060	9,105	7,955
Occupation - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	70	40	30	160	70	95
All occupations^{Census data footnote 170}	2,265	1,125	1,135	16,895	9,040	7,855
0 Management occupations	195	105	90	1,805	1,170	630
1 Business, finance and administration occupations	290	90	205	2,730	580	2,150
2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations	90	70	20	815	670	145
3 Health occupations	115	25	90	745	65	675
4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services	260	80	180	1,410	410	1,000
5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport	60	25	30	225	90	130
6 Sales and service occupations	700	230	470	4,060	1,420	2,635
7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations	330	315	20	4,060	3,735	320
8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations	25	10	15	615	530	85
9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities	200	175	30	440	370	70
Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012
Total labour force population aged 15 years and over by Industry - North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) 2012 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 173}	2,335	1,165	1,170	17,060	9,110	7,950
Industry - NAICS2012 - not applicable^{Census data footnote 169}	75	35	30	165	65	95
All industry categories^{Census data footnote 170}	2,265	1,125	1,135	16,895	9,040	7,855
11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting	20	10	15	120	70	45
21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction	10	10	0	1,420	1,135	285
22 Utilities	10	0	0	180	130	45
23 Construction	210	195	15	2,310	1,940	375
31-33 Manufacturing	305	245	65	1,220	935	290
41 Wholesale trade	70	50	20	740	510	230
44-45 Retail trade	290	90	205	2,205	990	1,215
48-49 Transportation and warehousing	70	40	30	1,125	690	435
51 Information and cultural industries	20	20	0	150	80	75
52 Finance and insurance	65	15	50	310	80	230
53 Real estate and rental and leasing	25	10	10	310	135	180
54 Professional, scientific and technical services	90	50	40	775	395	385
55 Management of companies and enterprises	0	0	0	10	0	0
56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services	75	40	35	600	305	295
61 Educational services	145	70	80	795	185	610
62 Health care and social assistance	310	55	255	1,395	120	1,280
71 Arts, entertainment and recreation	35	15	25	185	65	115
72 Accommodation and food services	235	85	150	1,390	450	940
81 Other services (except public administration)	125	35	90	820	420	400
91 Public administration	160	80	75	840	420	420
Place of work status
Total - Place of work status for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 174}	2,140	1,045	1,095	15,470	8,105	7,365
Worked at home	115	55	60	645	235	410
Worked outside Canada	0	0	0	25	25	0
No fixed workplace address	240	185	60	2,365	1,815	545
Worked at usual place	1,780	810	975	12,435	6,030	6,405
Commuting destinationUpdate of the 2016 Census commuting destination data
Total - Commuting destination for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work - 25% sample data	1,785	810	975	12,435	6,030	6,405
Commute within census subdivision (CSD) of residence	1,170	530	635	5,340	2,045	3,295
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) within census division (CD) of residence	345	130	215	6,580	3,580	3,000
Commute to a different census subdivision (CSD) and census division (CD) within province or territory of residence	260	150	115	445	350	95
Commute to a different province or territory	10	0	10	70	55	10
Main mode of commuting
Total - Main mode of commuting for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 175}	2,025	990	1,035	14,800	7,845	6,950
Car, truck, van - as a driver	1,410	685	720	12,745	6,805	5,945
Car, truck, van - as a passenger	135	80	55	780	350	430
Public transit	10	10	10	295	150	145
Walked	410	190	215	510	220	290
Bicycle	40	20	25	130	75	55
Other method	25	15	10	340	250	90
Commuting duration
Total - Commuting duration for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 176}	2,030	990	1,035	14,800	7,845	6,950
Less than 15 minutes	1,180	545	630	5,770	2,340	3,435
15 to 29 minutes	400	190	210	4,245	2,380	1,865
30 to 44 minutes	180	90	90	2,535	1,665	875
45 to 59 minutes	90	50	40	1,480	900	585
60 minutes and over	175	110	65	765	570	195
Time leaving for work
Total - Time leaving for work for the employed labour force aged 15 years and over in private households with a usual place of work or no fixed workplace address - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 177}	2,025	995	1,035	14,800	7,850	6,950
Between 5 a.m. and 5:59 a.m.	175	85	95	1,220	920	300
Between 6 a.m. and 6:59 a.m.	420	285	135	3,065	2,070	995
Between 7 a.m. and 7:59 a.m.	480	245	240	4,580	2,460	2,120
Between 8 a.m. and 8:59 a.m.	375	150	225	2,400	820	1,580
Between 9 a.m. and 11:59 a.m.	250	90	170	1,130	370	765
Between 12 p.m. and 4:59 a.m.	320	135	180	2,400	1,205	1,195
Language used most often at work
Total - Language used most often at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 178}	2,555	1,265	1,290	18,195	9,660	8,535
Single responses	2,535	1,255	1,275	18,110	9,625	8,485
Official languages	2,535	1,260	1,275	18,075	9,600	8,475
English	2,515	1,245	1,270	18,040	9,585	8,450
French	20	10	10	35	15	20
Non-official languages	0	0	0	30	30	10
Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Blackfoot	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree-Montagnais languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Atikamekw	0	0	0	0	0	0
Montagnais (Innu)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Moose Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Naskapi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Plains Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern East Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swampy Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Woods Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cree, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Eastern Algonquian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malecite	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mi'kmaq	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway-Potawatomi languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ojibway	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oji-Cree	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ottawa (Odawa)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Algonquian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Athabaskan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Babine (Wetsuwet'en)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Beaver	0	0	0	0	0	0
Carrier	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chilcotin	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dene	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dogrib (Tlicho)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gwich'in	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sarsi (Sarcee)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sekani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey-Hare languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
North Slavey (Hare)	0	0	0	0	0	0
South Slavey	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavey, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kaska (Nahani)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tahltan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tutchone languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Northern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Southern Tutchone	0	0	0	0	0	0
Athabaskan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuinnaqtun (Inuvialuktun)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuktitut	0	0	0	0	0	0
Inuit languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cayuga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mohawk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oneida	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iroquoian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kutenai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Michif	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Comox	0	0	0	0	0	0
Halkomelem	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lillooet	0	0	0	0	0	0
Okanagan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shuswap (Secwepemctsin)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Squamish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Straits	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thompson (Ntlakapamux)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Salish languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dakota	0	0	0	0	0	0
Stoney	0	0	0	0	0	0
Siouan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tlingit	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gitxsan (Gitksan)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nisga'a	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tsimshian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haisla	0	0	0	0	0	0
Heiltsuk	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kwakiutl (Kwak'wala)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wakashan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Aboriginal languages, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Non-Aboriginal languages	0	0	0	35	30	10
Afro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	10	10	0
Berber languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kabyle	0	0	0	0	0	0
Berber languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bilen	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oromo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Somali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cushitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Amharic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Arabic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chaldean Neo-Aramaic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Harari	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hebrew	0	0	0	0	0	0
Maltese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tigrigna	0	0	0	0	0	0
Semitic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Afro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Khmer (Cambodian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vietnamese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austro-Asiatic languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bikol	0	0	0	0	0	0
Cebuano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fijian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hiligaynon	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ilocano	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malagasy	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malay	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pampangan (Kapampangan, Pampango)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pangasinan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tagalog (Pilipino, Filipino)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Waray-Waray	0	0	0	0	0	0
Austronesian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Haitian Creole	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Creole languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kannada	0	0	0	0	0	0
Malayalam	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tamil	0	0	0	0	0	0
Telugu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dravidian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hmong-Mien languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-European languages	0	0	0	15	15	0
Albanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Armenian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Balto-Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Baltic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Latvian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lithuanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Belarusan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bosnian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bulgarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Czech	0	0	0	0	0	0
Macedonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Polish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Russian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Serbo-Croatian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovak	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slovene (Slovenian)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ukrainian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Slavic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Scottish Gaelic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Welsh	0	0	0	0	0	0
Celtic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages	0	0	0	15	10	0
Afrikaans	0	0	0	0	0	0
Danish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dutch	0	0	0	0	0	0
Frisian	0	0	0	0	0	0
German	0	0	0	15	15	0
Icelandic	0	0	0	0	0	0
Norwegian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swedish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Vlaams (Flemish)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yiddish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Germanic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Greek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Aryan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bengali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Gujarati	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hindi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kashmiri	0	0	0	0	0	0
Konkani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Marathi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nepali	0	0	0	0	0	0
Oriya (Odia)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Punjabi (Panjabi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sindhi	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sinhala (Sinhalese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Urdu	0	0	0	0	0	0
Iranian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kurdish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Pashto	0	0	0	0	0	0
Persian (Farsi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Indo-Iranian languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Catalan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Portuguese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Romanian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Spanish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Italic (Romance) languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Japanese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kartvelian languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Georgian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Korean	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mongolian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Akan (Twi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Bamanankan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Edo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ewe	0	0	0	0	0	0
Fulah (Pular, Pulaar, Fulfulde)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ga	0	0	0	0	0	0
Ganda	0	0	0	0	0	0
Igbo	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lingala	0	0	0	0	0	0
Rundi (Kirundi)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Kinyarwanda (Rwanda)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Shona	0	0	0	0	0	0
Swahili	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wolof	0	0	0	0	0	0
Yoruba	0	0	0	0	0	0
Niger-Congo languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Dinka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Nilo-Saharan languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
American Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Quebec Sign Language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sign languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Sino-Tibetan languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Chinese languages	0	0	0	10	0	10
Cantonese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hakka	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mandarin	0	0	0	10	0	0
Min Dong	0	0	0	0	0	0
Min Nan (Chaochow, Teochow, Fukien, Taiwanese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Wu (Shanghainese)	0	0	0	0	0	0
Chinese, n.o.s.	0	0	0	0	10	0
Chinese languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Burmese	0	0	0	0	0	0
Karenic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibetan	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tibeto-Burman languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Lao	0	0	0	0	0	0
Thai	0	0	0	0	0	0
Tai-Kadai languages, n.i.e	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Azerbaijani	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uyghur	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uzbek	0	0	0	0	0	0
Turkic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages	0	0	0	0	0	0
Estonian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Finnish	0	0	0	0	0	0
Hungarian	0	0	0	0	0	0
Uralic languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Other languages, n.i.e.	0	0	0	0	0	0
Multiple responses	20	0	15	90	30	55
English and French	15	10	10	35	10	25
English and non-official language	10	0	0	45	20	25
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	10	0	0
Other language used regularly at work
Total - Other language(s) used regularly at work for the population in private households aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015 - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 179}	2,550	1,265	1,290	18,195	9,660	8,535
None	2,475	1,225	1,255	17,885	9,515	8,370
English	15	0	10	45	20	25
French	65	30	30	145	55	90
Non-official language	0	0	0	125	70	50
Aboriginal	0	0	0	30	10	20
Non-Aboriginal	0	0	0	95	60	35
English and French	0	0	0	0	0	0
English and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
English, French and non-official language	0	0	0	0	0	0
Mobility status - Place of residence 1 year ago
Total - Mobility status 1 year ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 180}	5,105	2,270	2,830	29,155	14,500	14,655
Non-movers	4,440	1,935	2,505	24,105	12,080	12,025
Movers	660	345	320	5,050	2,415	2,635
Non-migrants	425	250	170	2,600	1,195	1,400
Migrants	235	95	150	2,455	1,220	1,230
Internal migrants	240	90	145	2,290	1,140	1,150
Intraprovincial migrants	220	80	140	1,870	945	925
Interprovincial migrants	20	15	0	420	190	225
External migrants	0	0	0	165	75	85
Mobility status - Place of residence 5 years ago
Total - Mobility status 5 years ago - 25% sample data^{Census data footnote 181}	4,945	2,200	2,750	27,275	13,550	13,725
Non-movers	2,940	1,300	1,645	13,410	6,775	6,630
Movers	2,000	895	1,105	13,865	6,775	7,100
Non-migrants	1,005	480	520	5,570	2,710	2,865
Migrants	1,000	415	585	8,300	4,065	4,235
Internal migrants	945	390	560	7,385	3,630	3,760
Intraprovincial migrants	855	350	505	5,350	2,620	2,730
Interprovincial migrants	95	40	55	2,035	1,010	1,025
External migrants	55	25	30	915	435	475

Symbol(s):

^...

not applicable

...

^r

revised. The 2011 count for this area has been revised.

Note(s):

Footnote 1

2016 and 2011 population

Statistics Canada is committed to protect the privacy of all Canadians and the confidentiality of the data they provide to us. As part of this commitment, some population counts of geographic areas are adjusted in order to ensure confidentiality.

The adjustment to counts of the total population for any dissemination block is controlled to ensure that the population counts for dissemination areas will always be within 5 of the actual values. The adjustment has no impact on the population counts of census divisions and large census subdivisions.

Return to footnote 1 referrer

Footnote 2

Total private dwellings

'Private dwelling' refers to a separate set of living quarters with a private entrance either from outside the building or from a common hall, lobby, vestibule or stairway inside the building. The entrance to the dwelling must be one that can be used without passing through the living quarters of some other person or group of persons.

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Private dwelling.

Return to footnote 2 referrer

Footnote 3

Private dwellings occupied by usual residents

'Private dwelling occupied by usual residents' refers to a private dwelling in which a person or a group of persons is permanently residing. Also included are private dwellings whose usual residents are temporarily absent on May 10, 2016.

Return to footnote 3 referrer

Footnote 4

Total - Age groups and average age of the population - 100% data

For data on the population by single years of age, refer to the table titled 'Age (in single years) and average age' in the census data tables.

Return to footnote 4 referrer

Footnote 5

Total - Occupied private dwellings by structural type of dwelling - 100% data

'Structural type' refers to the structural characteristics and/or dwelling configuration, that is, whether the dwelling is a single-detached house, an apartment in a high-rise building, a row house, a mobile home, etc.

Return to footnote 5 referrer

Footnote 6

Other attached dwelling

The category 'Other attached-dwelling' is a subtotal of the following categories: semi-detached house, row house, apartment or flat in a duplex, apartment in a building that has fewer than five storeys and other single-attached house.

Return to footnote 6 referrer

Footnote 7

Movable dwelling

The category 'Movable dwelling' includes mobile homes and other movable dwellings such as houseboats, recreational vehicles and railroad cars.

Return to footnote 7 referrer

Footnote 8

Total - Private households by household size - 100% data

Household size refers to the number of persons in a private household.

Return to footnote 8 referrer

Footnote 9

Total - Population aged 15 years and over by marital status - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Marital status.

Return to footnote 9 referrer

Footnote 10

Total - Census families in private households by family size - 100% data

Census family is defined as a married couple (with or without children of either and/or both spouses), a common-law couple (with or without children of either and/or both partners) or a lone parent of any marital status, with at least one child living in the same dwelling. For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Census family structure.

Return to footnote 10 referrer

Footnote 11

Total number of census families in private households - 100% data

'Census family structure' refers to the combination of relatives that comprise a census family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners and children.

Return to footnote 11 referrer

Footnote 12

Total - Private households by household type - 100% data

For more information, refer to the Census Dictionary: Household type.

Return to footnote 12 referrer

Footnote 13

One-census-family households - Without children in a census family

The household includes a single couple (without children). Other persons related or unrelated to the couple may also be present.

Return to footnote 13 referrer

Footnote 14

One-census-family households - With children in a census family

The household includes either a couple with children or a lone parent and his or her children. Other persons related or unrelated to the census family may also be present.

Return to footnote 14 referrer

Footnote 15

Total - Knowledge of official languages for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Knowledge of official languages refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both languages or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 15 referrer

Footnote 16

Total - First official language spoken for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

First official language spoken is specified within the framework of the Official Languages Act. It refers to the first official language (i.e., English or French) spoken by the person.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 16 referrer

Footnote 17

Official language minority

The official language minority population of Quebec includes all individuals with English as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French. The official language minority population of the country overall and of every province and territory other than Quebec includes individuals with French as a first official language spoken and half of those with both English and French.

Return to footnote 17 referrer

Footnote 18

Total - Mother tongue for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Mother tongue refers to the first language learned at home in childhood and still understood by the person at the time the data was collected. If the person no longer understands the first language learned, the mother tongue is the second language learned. For a person who learned two languages at the same time in early childhood, the mother tongue is the language this person spoke most often at home before starting school. The person has two mother tongues only if the two languages were used equally often and are still understood by the person. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, the mother tongue is the language spoken most often to this child at home. The child has two mother tongues only if both languages are spoken equally often so that the child learns both languages at the same time.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 18 referrer

Footnote 19

Total - Language spoken most often at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Language spoken most often at home refers to the language the person speaks most often at home at the time of data collection. A person can report more than one language as 'spoken most often at home' if the languages are spoken equally often.

For a person who lives alone, the language spoken most often at home is the language in which he or she feels most comfortable. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this is the language spoken most often to the child at home. Where two languages are spoken to the child, the language spoken most often at home is the language spoken most often. If both languages are used equally often, then both languages are included here.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Return to footnote 19 referrer

Footnote 20

Total - Other language(s) spoken regularly at home for the total population excluding institutional residents - 100% data

Other language(s) spoken regularly at home refers to the languages, if any, that the person speaks at home on a regular basis at the time of data collection, other than the language or languages he or she speaks most often at home.

Total population excluding institutional residents refers to the total population excluding persons who live in institutional collective dwellings.

Return to footnote 20 referrer

Footnote 21

Total income - The sum of certain incomes (in cash and, in some circumstances, in kind) of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. The components used to calculate total income vary between:

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

After-tax income - Total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

Market income - The sum of employment income (wages, salaries and commissions, net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice), investment income, private retirement income (retirement pensions, superannuation and annuities, including those from registered retirement savings plans [RRSPs] and registered retirement income funds [RRIFs]) and other money income from market sources during the reference period. It is equivalent to total income minus government transfers. It is also referred to as income before transfers and taxes.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

Employment income - All income received as wages, salaries and commissions from paid employment and net self-employment income from farm or non-farm unincorporated business and/or professional practice during the reference period.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 21 referrer

Footnote 22

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 22 referrer

Footnote 23

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 23 referrer

Footnote 24

Full-year full-time workers - Persons aged 15 years and over who worked mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) and full year (49 weeks and over per year) in 2015. For more information, see variable work activity in 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

Return to footnote 24 referrer

Footnote 25

Median incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 25 referrer

Footnote 26

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group.

Average incomes of individuals are calculated for those with income (positive or negative).

Return to footnote 26 referrer

Footnote 27

Composition of total income - The composition of the total income of a population group or a geographic area refers to the relative share of each income source or group of sources, expressed as a percentage of the aggregate total income of that group or area.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 27 referrer

Footnote 28

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 28 referrer

Footnote 29

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 29 referrer

Footnote 30

Government transfers - All cash benefits received from federal, provincial, territorial or municipal governments during the reference period. It includes:

Old Age Security pension, Guaranteed Income Supplement, Allowance or Allowance for the Survivor;
retirement, disability and survivor benefits from Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan;
benefits from Employment Insurance and Québec parental insurance plan;
child benefits from federal and provincial programs;
social assistance benefits;
workers' compensation benefits;
Working income tax benefit;
Goods and services tax credit and harmonized sales tax credit;
other income from government sources.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 30 referrer

Footnote 31

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 31 referrer

Footnote 32

After-tax income - After-tax income refers to total income less income taxes of the statistical unit during a specified reference period. Income taxes refers to the sum of federal income taxes, provincial and territorial income taxes, less abatement where applicable. Provincial and territorial income taxes include health care premiums in certain jurisdictions. Abatement reduces the federal income taxes payable by persons residing in Quebec or in certain self-governing Yukon First Nation settlement lands.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 32 referrer

Footnote 33

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 33 referrer

Footnote 34

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 34 referrer

Footnote 35

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Return to footnote 35 referrer

Footnote 36

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Return to footnote 36 referrer

Footnote 37

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Median income - The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable 'economic family structure,' Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 38

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - The average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

Economic family structure - The combination of relatives that comprise a family. Classification on this variable considers the presence or absence of: married spouses or common-law partners; children; and other relatives. For more information, refer to the variable "economic family structure," Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 39

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 40

statistical units of social statistical programs such as persons, private households, census families and economic families;
statistical units of business statistical programs such as enterprises, companies, establishments and locations;
statistical units of farm statistical programs such as farm operator and farm family.

In the context of persons, total income refers to receipts from certain sources, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of census families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of economic families, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all of its family members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

In the context of households, total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The monetary receipts included are those that tend to be of a regular and recurring nature. Receipts that are included as income are:

employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities);
income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds;
income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs);
other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships;
income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

Receipts excluded from this income definition are:

one-time receipts, such as lottery winnings, gambling winnings, cash inheritances, lump-sum insurance settlements and tax-free savings account (TFSA) or registered retirement savings plan (RRSP) withdrawals;
capital gains because they are not by their nature regular and recurring. It is further assumed that they are more relevant to the concept of wealth than the concept of income;
employers' contributions to registered pension plans, Canada Pension Plan, Québec Pension Plan and Employment Insurance;
voluntary inter-household transfers, imputed rent, goods and services produced for barter and goods produced for own consumption.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

Average income - Average income of a specified group is calculated by dividing the aggregate income of that group by the number of units in that group. Average incomes of persons not in families are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

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Footnote 41

Calculation includes persons not in economic families without income (with an income of zero).

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Footnote 42

Economic family after-tax income decile group - The economic family income decile group provides a rough ranking of the economic situation of a person based on his or her relative position in the Canadian distribution of the adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the population in private households is sorted according to its adjusted after-tax family income and then divided into 10 equal groups each containing 10% of the population. The decile cut-points are the levels of adjusted after-tax family income that define the 10 groups.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

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Footnote 43

Low-income status - The income situation of the statistical unit in relation to a specific low-income line in a reference year. Statistical units with income that is below the low-income line are considered to be in low income.

For the 2016 Census, the reference period is the calendar year 2015 for all income variables.

The low-income concepts are not applied in the territories and in certain areas based on census subdivision type (such as Indian reserves). The existence of substantial in-kind transfers (such as subsidized housing and First Nations band housing) and sizeable barter economies or consumption from own production (such as product from hunting, farming or fishing) could make the interpretation of low-income statistics more difficult in these situations.

Low-income measure, after tax (LIM-AT) - The Low-income measure, after tax, refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. The household after-tax income is adjusted by an equivalence scale to take economies of scale into account. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

Using data from the 2016 Census of Population, the line applicable to a household is defined as half the Canadian median of the adjusted household after-tax income multiplied by the square root of household size. The median is determined based on all persons in private households where low-income concepts are applicable. Thresholds for specific household sizes are presented in Table 4.2 Low-income measures thresholds (LIM-AT and LIM-BT) for private households of Canada, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the unadjusted after-tax income of household pertaining to a person falls below the threshold applicable to the person based on household size, the person is considered to be in low income according to LIM-AT. Since the LIM-AT threshold and household income are unique within each household, low-income status based on LIM-AT can also be reported for households.

Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT) - The Low-income cut-offs, after tax refers to an income threshold, defined using 1992 expenditure data, below which economic families or persons not in economic families would likely have devoted a larger share of their after-tax income than average to the necessities of food, shelter and clothing. More specifically, the thresholds represented income levels at which these families or persons were expected to spend 20 percentage points or more of their after-tax income than average on food, shelter and clothing. These thresholds have been adjusted to current dollars using the all-items Consumer Price Index (CPI).

The LICO-AT has 35 cut-offs varying by seven family sizes and five different sizes of area of residence to account for economies of scale and potential differences in cost of living in communities of different sizes. These thresholds are presented in Table 4.3 Low-income cut-offs, after tax (LICO-AT - 1992 base) for economic families and persons not in economic families, 2015, Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016.

When the after-tax income of an economic family member or a person not in an economic family falls below the threshold applicable to the person, the person is considered to be in low income according to LICO-AT. Since the LICO-AT threshold and family income are unique within each economic family, low-income status based on LICO-AT can also be reported for economic families.

Prevalence of low income - The proportion or percentage of units whose income falls below a specified low-income line.

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Footnote 44

'Knowledge of official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in English only, French only, in both or in neither language. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home.

'Knowledge of non-official languages' refers to whether the person can conduct a conversation in a language other than English or French. For a child who has not yet learned to speak, this includes languages that the child is learning to speak at home. The number of languages that can be reported may vary between surveys, depending on the objectives of the survey.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

This is a total population count. The sum of the languages in this table is greater than the total population count because a person may report more than one language in the census.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

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Footnote 45

'Citizenship' refers to the country where the person has citizenship. A person may have more than one citizenship. A person may be stateless, that is, they may have no citizenship. Citizenship can be by birth or naturalization.

For more information on citizenship variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 46

'Canadian citizens' includes persons who are citizens of Canada only and persons who are citizens of Canada and at least one other country.

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Footnote 47

'Not Canadian citizens' includes persons who are not citizens of Canada. They may be citizens of one or more other countries. Persons who are stateless are included in this category.

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Footnote 48

Immigrant status refers to whether the person is a non-immigrant, an immigrant or a non-permanent resident.

Period of immigration refers to the period in which the immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 49

'Non-immigrants' includes persons who are Canadian citizens by birth.

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Footnote 50

'Immigrants' includes persons who are, or who have ever been, landed immigrants or permanent residents. Such persons have been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this category. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrants' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 51

Includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 52

'Non-permanent residents' includes persons from another country who have a work or study permit or who are refugee claimants, and their family members sharing the same permit and living in Canada with them.

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Footnote 53

'Age at immigration' refers to the age at which an immigrant first obtained landed immigrant or permanent resident status.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group. In the 2016 Census of Population, 'Immigrant' includes immigrants who landed in Canada on or prior to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 54

'Recent immigrant' refers to an immigrant who first obtained his or her landed immigrant or permanent resident status between January 1, 2011 and May 10, 2016.

The places of birth selected are the most frequently reported by recent immigrants at the Canada level.

'Place of birth' refers to the name of the geographic location where the person was born. The geographic location is specified according to geographic boundaries current at the time of data collection, not the geographic boundaries at the time of birth. In the 2016 Census of Population, the geographic location refers to a country if the person was born outside Canada.

For more information on immigration and place of birth variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 55

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 56

Ireland is also referred to as Republic of Ireland.

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Footnote 57

Serbia excludes Kosovo.

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Footnote 58

The official name of United Kingdom is United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. United Kingdom includes Scotland, Wales, England and Northern Ireland (excludes Isle of Man, the Channel Islands and British Overseas Territories).

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Footnote 59

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 60

The full name of Hong Kong is the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of China.

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Footnote 61

The official name of Iran is Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Footnote 62

The official name of South Korea is Republic of Korea.

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Footnote 63

The official name of Syria is Syrian Arab Republic.

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Footnote 64

The category 'Oceania and other' includes places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 65

The official name of Venezuela is Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela.

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Footnote 66

The official name of Moldova is Republic of Moldova.

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Footnote 67

The category 'Other places of birth' includes other places of birth in Oceania and responses not included elsewhere, such as 'born at sea.'

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Footnote 68

Generation status refers to whether or not the person or the person's parents were born in Canada.

For more information on generation status variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 69

'First generation' includes persons who were born outside Canada. For the most part, these are people who are now, or once were, immigrants to Canada.

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Footnote 70

'Second generation' includes persons who were born in Canada and had at least one parent born outside Canada. For the most part, these are the children of immigrants.

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Footnote 71

'Third generation or more' includes persons who were born in Canada with both parents born in Canada.

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Footnote 72

'Admission category' refers to the name of the immigration program or group of programs under which an immigrant has been granted for the first time the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities.

'Applicant type' refers to whether an immigrant was identified as the principal applicant, the spouse or the dependant on the application for permanent residence.

'Immigrant' refers to a person who is, or who has ever been, a landed immigrant or permanent resident. Such a person has been granted the right to live in Canada permanently by immigration authorities. Immigrants who have obtained Canadian citizenship by naturalization are included in this group.In the 2016 Census of Population, data on admission category and applicant type are available for immigrants who landed in Canada between January 1, 1980 and May 10, 2016.

For more information on immigration variables, including information on their classifications, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Place of Birth, Generation Status, Citizenship and Immigration Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 73

'Economic immigrants' includes immigrants who have been selected for their ability to contribute to Canada's economy through their ability to meet labour market needs, to own and manage or to build a business, to make a substantial investment, to create their own employment or to meet specific provincial or territorial labour market needs.

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Footnote 74

'Principal applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 75

'Secondary applicants' includes immigrants who were identified as the married spouse, the common-law or conjugal partner or the dependant of the principal applicant on the application for permanent residence.

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Footnote 76

'Immigrants sponsored by family' includes immigrants who were sponsored by a Canadian citizen or permanent resident and were granted permanent resident status on the basis of their relationship either as the spouse, partner, parent, grand-parent, child or other relative of this sponsor. The terms 'family class' or 'family reunification' are sometimes used to refer to this category.

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Footnote 77

'Refugees' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status on the basis of a well-founded fear of returning to their home country. This category includes persons who had a well-founded fear of persecution for reasons of race, religion, nationality, membership in particular social group or for political opinion (Geneva Convention refugees) as well as persons who had been seriously and personally affected by civil war or armed conflict, or have suffered a massive violation of human rights. Some refugees were in Canada when they applied for refugee protection for themselves and their family members (either with them in Canada or abroad). Others were abroad and were referred for resettlement to Canada by the United Nations Refugee Agency, another designated referral organization or private sponsors.

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Footnote 78

'Other immigrants' includes immigrants who were granted permanent resident status under a program that does not fall under the economic immigrants, the immigrants sponsored by family or the refugee categories.

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Footnote 79

Aboriginal identity refers to whether the person identified with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada. This includes those who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 80

'Aboriginal identity' includes persons who are First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) and/or those who are Registered or Treaty Indians (that is, registered under the Indian Act of Canada) and/or those who have membership in a First Nation or Indian band. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada.

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Footnote 81

'Single Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are in only one Aboriginal group, that is First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 82

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the 2016 Census of Population. For additional information, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 83

'Multiple Aboriginal responses' includes persons who are any two or all three of the following: First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit).

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Footnote 84

'Aboriginal responses not included elsewhere' includes persons who are not First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuk (Inuit) but who have Registered or Treaty Indian status and/or Membership in a First Nation or Indian band.

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Footnote 85

Registered or Treaty Indian status refers to whether or not a person is a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

Users should be aware that the estimates associated with this variable are more affected than most by the incomplete enumeration of certain Indian reserves and Indian settlements in the Census of Population. For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 86

'Registered or Treaty Indian Status' includes persons who are a Registered or Treaty Indian. Registered Indians are persons who are registered under the Indian Act of Canada. Treaty Indians are persons who belong to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. Registered or Treaty Indians are sometimes also called Status Indians.

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Footnote 87

Aboriginal ancestry refers to whether a person has ancestry associated with the Aboriginal peoples of Canada, that is, First Nations (North American Indian), Métis, and Inuit. Aboriginal peoples of Canada are defined in the Constitution Act, 1982, section 35 (2) as including the Indian, Inuit and Métis peoples of Canada. Ancestry refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors, an ancestor being usually more distant than a grandparent. A person can have more than one ethnic or cultural origin.

For more information on Aboriginal variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, refer to the Aboriginal Peoples Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016 and the Aboriginal Peoples Technical Report, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 88

'Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 89

'Single Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have only one of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 90

'Multiple Aboriginal ancestries (only)' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries. It excludes persons with non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 91

'Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and/or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 92

'Single Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have First Nations (North American Indian), Métis or Inuit ancestry, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 93

'Multiple Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal ancestries' includes persons who have two or more of First Nations (North American Indian), Métis and Inuit ancestries, as well as non-Aboriginal ancestry.

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Footnote 94

'Non-Aboriginal ancestry (only)' includes persons who have non-Aboriginal ancestry only.

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Footnote 95

Visible minority refers to whether a person belongs to a visible minority group as defined by the Employment Equity Act and, if so, the visible minority group to which the person belongs. The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as "persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour." The visible minority population consists mainly of the following groups: South Asian, Chinese, Black, Filipino, Latin American, Arab, Southeast Asian, West Asian, Korean and Japanese.

For more information on the Visible minority variable, including information on its classification, the questions from which it is derived, data quality and its comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Visible Minority and Population Group Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 96

The Employment Equity Act defines visible minorities as 'persons, other than Aboriginal peoples, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour.'

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Footnote 97

For example, 'East Indian,' 'Pakistani,' 'Sri Lankan', etc.

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Footnote 98

For example, 'Vietnamese,' 'Cambodian,' 'Laotian,' 'Thai,' etc.

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Footnote 99

For example, 'Afghan,' 'Iranian,' etc.

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Footnote 100

The abbreviation 'n.i.e.' means 'not included elsewhere.' Includes persons with a write-in response such as 'Guyanese,' 'West Indian,' 'Tibetan,' 'Polynesian,' 'Pacific Islander,' etc.

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Footnote 101

Includes persons who gave more than one visible minority group by checking two or more mark-in responses, e.g., 'Black' and 'South Asian.'

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Footnote 102

Includes persons who reported 'Yes' to the Aboriginal group question (Question 18), as well as persons who were not considered to be members of a visible minority group.

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Footnote 103

This is a total population estimate. The sum of the ethnic groups in this table is greater than the total population estimate because a person may report more than one ethnic origin in the census.

'Ethnic origin' refers to the ethnic or cultural origins of the person's ancestors. An ancestor is usually more distant than a grandparent. For additional information on the collection and dissemination of ethnic origin data, refer to the Ethnic Origin Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 104

Includes general responses indicating North American origins (e.g., 'North American') as well as more specific responses indicating North American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maritimer').

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Footnote 105

Includes general responses indicating British Isles origins (e.g., 'British,' 'United Kingdom') as well as more specific responses indicating British Isles origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Celtic').

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Footnote 106

Includes general responses indicating Western European origins (e.g., 'Western European') as well as more specific responses indicating Western European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Liechtensteiner').

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Footnote 107

Includes general responses indicating Northern European origins (e.g., 'Northern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Northern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Faroese,' 'Scandinavian').

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Footnote 108

Includes responses of 'Czechoslovakian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 109

Includes general responses indicating Eastern European origins (e.g., 'Eastern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Eastern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baltic').

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Footnote 110

Includes responses of 'Yugoslavian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 111

Includes general responses indicating Southern European origins (e.g., 'Southern European') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Gibraltarian').

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Footnote 112

Includes responses of 'Slavic,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 113

Includes general responses indicating Other European origins (e.g., 'European') as well as more specific responses indicating European origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Central European').

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Footnote 114

Includes responses of 'West Indian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 115

Includes general responses indicating Caribbean origins (e.g., 'Antilles,' 'Caribbean') as well as more specific responses indicating Caribbean origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Aruban').

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Footnote 116

Includes general responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins (e.g., 'South American') as well as more specific responses indicating Latin, Central or South American origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Surinamese').

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Footnote 117

Includes general responses indicating Central or West African origins (e.g., 'West African') as well as more specific responses indicating Central or West African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Luba,' 'Mossi').

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Footnote 118

Includes general responses indicating North African origins (e.g., 'North African') as well as more specific responses indicating North African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Maghreb').

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Footnote 119

Includes responses of 'Bantu,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 120

Includes general responses indicating Southern or East African origins (e.g., 'East African') as well as more specific responses indicating Southern or East African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Hutu,' 'Shona').

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Footnote 121

Includes responses of 'Black,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 122

Includes general responses indicating Other African origins (e.g., 'African') as well as more specific responses indicating Other African origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Saharan').

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Footnote 123

Includes responses of 'Arab,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 124

Includes general responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins (e.g., 'West Asian,' 'Middle Eastern') as well as more specific responses indicating West Asian, Central Asian and Middle Eastern origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Baloch,' 'Circassian').

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Footnote 125

Includes general responses indicating South Asian origins (e.g., 'South Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating South Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Telugu').

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Footnote 126

Includes general responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins (e.g., 'Southeast Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating East and Southeast Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Bruneian').

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Footnote 127

Includes general responses indicating Other Asian origins (e.g., 'Asian') as well as more specific responses indicating Other Asian origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Eurasian').

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Footnote 128

Includes responses of 'Polynesian,' not otherwise specified.

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Footnote 129

Includes general responses indicating Pacific Islands origins (e.g., 'Pacific Islander') as well as more specific responses indicating Pacific Islands origins that have not been included elsewhere (e.g., 'Tahitian').

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Footnote 130

Tenure - Refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling. The private dwelling may be situated on rented or leased land or be part of a condominium. A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

For historical and statutory reasons, shelter occupancy on Indian reserves or settlements does not lend itself to the usual classification by standard tenure categories. Therefore, a special category, band housing, has been created and is included in the classification of tenure.

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Footnote 131

Condominium status - Refers to whether the private dwelling is part of a condominium development. A condominium is a residential complex in which dwellings are owned individually while land and common elements are held in joint ownership with others.

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Footnote 132

Bedrooms - Refers to rooms in a private dwelling that are designed mainly for sleeping purposes even if they are now used for other purposes, such as guest rooms and television rooms. Also included are rooms used as bedrooms now, even if they were not originally built as bedrooms, such as bedrooms in a finished basement. Bedrooms exclude rooms designed for another use during the day such as dining rooms and living rooms even if they may be used for sleeping purposes at night. By definition, one-room private dwellings such as bachelor or studio apartments have zero bedrooms.

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Footnote 133

Rooms - Refers to enclosed areas within a private dwelling which are finished and suitable for year-round living. The number of rooms of a private dwelling includes kitchens, bedrooms and finished rooms in the attic or basement. The number of rooms of a private dwelling excludes bathrooms, halls, vestibules and rooms used solely for business purposes. Partially divided rooms are considered to be separate rooms if they are considered as such by the respondent (e.g., L-shaped dining-room and living-room arrangements).

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Footnote 134

Persons per room - Refers to an indicator of the level of crowding in a private dwelling. It is calculated by dividing the number of persons in the household by the number of rooms in the dwelling.

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Footnote 135

Housing suitability - Refers to whether a private household is living in suitable accommodations according to the National Occupancy Standard (NOS); that is, whether the dwelling has enough bedrooms for the size and composition of the household. A household is deemed to be living in suitable accommodations if its dwelling has enough bedrooms, as calculated using the NOS.

Housing suitability and the National Occupancy Standard (NOS) on which it is based were developed by Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation (CMHC) through consultations with provincial housing agencies.

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Footnote 136

Period of construction - Refers to the period in time during which the building or dwelling was originally constructed. This refers to the period in which the building was completed, not the time of any later remodelling, additions or conversions.

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Footnote 137

Includes data up to May 10, 2016.

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Footnote 138

Dwelling condition - Refers to whether the dwelling is in need of repairs. This does not include desirable remodelling or additions.

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Footnote 139

Number of household maintainers - Refers to the number of persons of the same household who have been identified as household maintainers.

A household maintainer is a person residing in the household who is responsible for paying the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities. Where a number of people may contribute to the payments, more than one person in the household may be identified as a household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

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Footnote 140

Primary household maintainer - The first person in the household identified as someone who pays the rent, or the mortgage, or the taxes, or the electricity or other services or utilities for the dwelling. When more than one member of the household contributes to the payments, the first person listed is chosen as the primary household maintainer. If no person in the household is identified as making any such payments, the first person listed is selected by default.

The order of the persons in a household is determined by the order in which they are listed on the questionnaire. Generally, an adult is listed first followed, if applicable, by their spouse or common-law partner and then by their children. The order does not necessarily correspond to the proportion of household payments made by each person.

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Footnote 141

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio - Refers to the proportion of average total income of household which is spent on shelter costs.

Shelter-cost-to-income ratio is calculated for private households living in owned or rented dwellings who reported a total household income greater than zero.

Private households living in band housing, located on an agricultural operation that is operated by a member of the household, and households who reported a zero or negative total household income are excluded.

The relatively high shelter-costs-to-household income ratios for some households may have resulted from the difference in the reference period for shelter costs and household total income data. The reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the year 2015. As well, for some households, the 2015 household total income may represent income for only part of a year.

For more information on household total income or shelter costs, refer to the Census Dictionary: Total income and Shelter cost.

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Footnote 142

Presence of mortgage payments - Refers to whether an owner household makes regular mortgage or loan payments for their dwelling.

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Footnote 143

Shelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling.

Shelter costs for owner households include, where applicable, mortgage payments, property taxes and condominium fees, along with the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services. For renter households, shelter costs include, where applicable, the rent and the costs of electricity, heat, water and other municipal services.

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Footnote 144

Value (owner estimated) of private dwelling - Refers to the dollar amount expected by the owner if the asset were to be sold.

In the context of dwelling, it refers to the value of the entire dwelling, including the value of the land it is on and of any other structure, such as a garage, which is on the property. If the dwelling is located in a building which contains several dwellings, or a combination of residential and business premises, all of which the household owns, the value is estimated as a portion of the market value that applies only to the dwelling in which the household resides.

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Footnote 145

Subsidized housing - Refers to whether the dwelling is subsidized. Subsidized housing includes rent geared to income, social housing, public housing, government-assisted housing, non-profit housing, rent supplements and housing allowances.

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Footnote 146

Highest certificate, diploma or degree is the classification used in the census to measure the broader concept of 'Educational attainment.'

This variable refers to the highest level of education that a person has successfully completed and is derived from the educational qualifications questions, which asked for all certificates, diplomas and degrees to be reported.

The general hierarchy used in deriving this variable (high school, trades, college, university) is loosely tied to the 'in-class' duration of the various types of education. At the detailed level, someone who has completed one type of certificate, diploma or degree will not necessarily have completed the credentials listed below it in the hierarchy. For example, a person with an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma may not have completed a high school certificate or diploma, nor does an individual with a 'master's degree' necessarily have a 'certificate or diploma above bachelor level.' Although the hierarchy may not fit all programs perfectly, it gives a general measure of educational attainment.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

Users are advised to consult data quality comments for 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree', available in the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 147

'Secondary (high) school diploma or equivalency certificate' includes only people who have this as their highest educational qualification. It excludes persons with a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 148

'Trades certificate or diploma other than Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' includes trades certificates or diplomas such as pre-employment or vocational certificates and diplomas from brief trade programs completed at community colleges, institutes of technology, vocational centres and similar institutions.

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Footnote 149

'Certificate of Apprenticeship or Certificate of Qualification' also includes Journeyperson's designations.

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Footnote 150

'Earned doctorate' refers to persons who have completed a doctorate degree awarded by a university. This includes, for example, Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and Doctor of Juridical Science (S.J.D.). It does not include honorary doctorates.

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Footnote 151

'Field of study' refers to the discipline or area of learning/training associated with a particular course or programme of study.

This variable refers to the predominant discipline or area of learning or training of a person's highest completed postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree, classified according to the Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP) Canada 2016.

This 'Major field of study' variable can be used either independently or in conjunction with the 'Highest certificate, diploma or degree' variable. When the latter is used with 'Major field of study,' it should be noted that different fields of study will be more common for different types of postsecondary qualifications. At the detailed program level, some programs are only offered by certain types of institutions.

There was an explicit instruction in the questionnaire which instructed respondents to be as specific as possible in indicating a subfield or subcategory of specialization within a broad discipline or area of training.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

This variable shows the 'Variant of CIP 2016 - Alternative primary groupings' CIP variant, with the hierarchy of the primary groupings and two-digit series. When a primary grouping contains more than one subseries from series '30. Multidisciplinary/interdisciplinary studies,' these subseries are grouped together. An exception is made for '30.01 Biological and physical sciences' due to its large size. For more information on the CIP classification, see the Classification of Instructional Programs, Canada 2016.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for this variable, refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

Certain series and their subcomponents are not used when coding major field of study for the census. These are series 21, 32 to 37 and 53, which represent non-credit and personal improvement fields of study.

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Footnote 152

'No postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes persons who have not completed an apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma; a college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma; or a university certificate, diploma or degree.

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Footnote 153

'Interdisciplinary humanities' includes '30.13 Medieval and renaissance studies,' '30.21 Holocaust and related studies,' '30.22 Classical and ancient studies' and '30.29 Maritime studies.'

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Footnote 154

'Interdisciplinary social and behavioural sciences' includes '30.05 Peace studies and conflict resolution,' '30.10 Biopsychology,' '30.11 Gerontology,' '30.14 Museology/museum studies,' '30.15 Science, technology and society,' '30.17 Behavioural sciences,' '30.20 International/global studies,' '30.23 Intercultural/multicultural and diversity studies,' '30.25 Cognitive science,' '30.26 Cultural studies/critical theory and analysis,' '30.28 Dispute resolution,' '30.31 Human computer interaction' and '30.33 Sustainability studies.'

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Footnote 155

'Other interdisciplinary physical and life sciences' includes '30.18 Natural sciences,' '30.19 Nutrition sciences,' '30.27 Human biology' and '30.32 Marine sciences.'

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Footnote 156

'Interdisciplinary mathematics, computer and information sciences' includes '30.06 Systems science and theory,' '30.08 Mathematics and computer science' and '30.30 Computational science.'

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Footnote 157

'Location of study' refers to either:

the province, territory or country of the institution from which a person obtained a certificate, diploma or degree, or;
the province, territory or country of the institution that a person attended during a specified reference period, or for a specific level of education.

In both cases, location of study refers to the location of the institution granting the certificate, diploma or degree, not the location of the person at the time he or she obtained the qualification or was attending the institution. The geographic location is specified according to boundaries current at the time the data are collected, not the boundaries at the time of study.

This is a summary variable that indicates whether the 'Location of study' of the person's highest certificate, diploma or degree was the same province or territory where the person lived at the time of the 2016 Census of Population, a different Canadian province or territory, or outside Canada. This variable is derived from 'Location of study' and 'Province or territory of current residence.' It only applies to individuals who had completed a postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree.

'Location of study outside Canada' may be further sub-classified using the Standard Classification of Countries and Areas of Interest (SCCAI). When using the SCCAI for this sub-classification, the class 'Canada' is not used.

This variable is reported for persons aged 15 years and over in private households.

For information on collection, classification and data quality for 'Location of study compared with province or territory of residence,' refer to the Education Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016, Catalogue no. 98-500-X2016013.

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Footnote 158

'Postsecondary certificate, diploma or degree' includes 'apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma,' 'college, CEGEP or other non-university certificate or diploma' and university certificates, diplomas and degrees.

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Footnote 159

Refers to all locations of study outside Canada, including the six locations outside Canada most often reported at the national level. These will not necessarily be the top six countries for other geographies.

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Footnote 160

The official name of United States is United States of America.

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Footnote 161

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Footnote 162

China excludes Hong Kong and Macao.

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Footnote 163

Refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over was employed, unemployed or not in the labour force during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016.

Early enumeration was conducted in remote, isolated parts of the provinces and territories. When enumeration has taken place before May 2016, the reference date used is the date on which the household was enumerated.

In the past, this variable was called Labour force activity.

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Footnote 164

Refers to the number of weeks in which a person aged 15 years and over worked for pay or in self-employment in 2015 at all jobs held, even if only for a few hours, and whether these weeks were mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) or mostly part time (less than 30 hours per week).

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Footnote 165

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who never worked, persons who worked prior to 2015 and persons who worked in 2016, but not in 2015.

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Footnote 166

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year (49 weeks and over) and mostly full time (30 hours or more per week) in 2015.

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Footnote 167

Includes persons aged 15 years and over who worked full year mostly part time or part year mostly full time or part year mostly part time in 2015. Part year is less than 49 weeks and part time is less than 30 hours per week.

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Footnote 168

Class of worker refers to whether a person aged 15 years and over is an employee or is self-employed.

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Footnote 169

Includes unemployed persons aged 15 years and over who have never worked for pay or in self-employment, or who had last worked prior to January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 170

Includes the experienced labour force which refers to persons aged 15 years and over who, during the week of Sunday, May 1 to Saturday, May 7, 2016, were employed and the unemployed who had last worked for pay or in self-employment in either 2015 or 2016.

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Footnote 171

Includes persons aged 15 years and over with or without an incorporated business with paid help or without paid help, as well as unpaid family workers.

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Footnote 172

Refers to the kind of work performed by persons aged 15 years and over as determined by their kind of work and the description of the main activities in their job. The occupation data are produced according to the NOC 2016.

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Footnote 173

Refers to the general nature of the business carried out in the establishment where the person worked. The data are produced according to the NAICS 2012.

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Footnote 174

Classification of respondents according to whether they worked at home, worked outside Canada, had no fixed workplace address or worked at a specific address (usual place of work).

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Footnote 175

The census assumes that the commute to work originates from the usual place of residence, but this may not always be the case. Sometimes, respondents may be on a business trip and may have reported their place of work or main mode of commuting based on where they were working during the trip. Some persons maintain a residence close to work and commute to their home on weekends. Students often work after school at a location near their school. As a result, the data may show unusual commutes or unusual main modes of commuting.

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Footnote 176

Refers to the length of time, in minutes, usually required by a person to travel between his or her place of residence and his or her place of work.

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Footnote 177

Refers to the time of day at which a person usually leaves home to go to their place of work.

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Footnote 178

Language used most often at work refers to the language the person uses most often at work. A person can report more than one language as 'used most often at work' if the languages are used equally often.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

n.i.e. = not included elsewhere

n.o.s. = not otherwise specified

Refers to the language used most often at work, as reported on May 10, 2016 by the individuals aged 15 years and over who worked since January 1, 2015.

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Footnote 179

Other language(s) used regularly at work refers to the languages, if any, that the person uses in their job on a regular basis, other than the language or languages he or she uses most often at work.

For more information on language variables, including information on their classifications, the questions from which they are derived, data quality and their comparability with other sources of data, please refer to the Languages Reference Guide, Census of Population, 2016.

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Footnote 180

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date one year earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Footnote 181

Refers to the status of a person with regard to the place of residence on the reference day, May 10, 2016, in relation to the place of residence on the same date five years earlier at the provincial level. Persons who have not moved are referred to as non-movers and persons who have moved from one residence to another are referred to as movers. Movers include non-migrants and migrants. Non-migrants are persons who did move but remained in the same city, town, township, village or Indian reserve. Migrants include internal migrants, who moved to a different city, town, township, village or Indian reserve within Canada. External migrants include persons who lived outside Canada at the earlier reference date.

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Source: Statistics Canada, 2016 Census of Population.

How to cite: Statistics Canada. 2017. Perth [Population centre], Ontario and Leduc, CY [Census subdivision], Alberta (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released November 29, 2017.
https://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed May 17, 2024).

Date modified:: 2021-10-27

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Perth [Population centre], Ontario and Leduc, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

Census Profile, 2016 Census Perth [Population centre], Ontario and Leduc, City [Census subdivision], Alberta

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Census Profile, 2016 Census
Perth [Population centre], Ontario and Leduc, City [Census subdivision], Alberta